2022年高中英语unit5ThePowerofNature–ing形式作状语学案新人教版选修6高二

这是一份2022年高中英语unit5ThePowerofNature–ing形式作状语学案新人教版选修6高二，共4页。学案主要包含了ing形式作状语,可以表示时间， –ing形式的完成式等内容，欢迎下载使用。
一、ing形式作状语,可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式、伴随状况等。
二、 –ing形式的完成式
三、学习-ing形式作状语的用法时,需要注意以下四点:
一、与过去分词作状语的区别。
一般来说,-ing形式表示主动、进行;过去分词表示被动、完成。试比较:
The enemy fled in a panic, leaving behind a lt f dead bdies and weapns.
Defeated and frightened, the enemy fled in a panic.
分析:前一例中的-ing形式短语在句子中作伴随状语,它与其逻辑主语the enemy之间为主动关系;后一句中的过去分词defeated和frightened表原因,它与其逻辑主语the enemy之间为被动关系。
二、分词(短语)作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致。如果不一致，必须用独立主格结构来表示，也就是在分词前面加上它的逻辑主语。
1. Cmparing all the great peple with each ther, yu’ll find that they have much in cmmn.
2. Finding her car stlen, she hurried t a pliceman fr help.
3. The train having gne, we had t wait anther day.
分析:前两例中,-ing形式的逻辑主语均为主句的主语。最后一例中having gne的逻辑主语是 the train。
三、 -ing形式的否定式。其基本结构是:nt + -ing形式,无论在完成式还是被动式里,nt必须置于-ing形式之前。如:
Nt having finished his hmewrk, the by was still ding it in the classrm.
四、 -ing形式(短语)的功能有时相当于一个状语从句。
根据这个性质,我们在使用-ing形式作状语时,切记不要在前面或后面的句子前用连词连接。如:
Walking n the fallen leaves in autumn, s yu’ll feel very cmfrtable.(×)
分析:如前所述,-ing形式短语相当于一个状语从句,所以后半句中的连词s的使用是错误的,应该去掉。原句应改为:
Walking n the fallen leaves in autumn, yu’ll feel very cmfrtable.
Exercises
The great hall was crwded with many peple, _____ many children _____n their parents’ laps.
A. including; seated B. including; seating
C. included; sat D. included; sitting
2. _____ fr a lng time, mst f the crps in this area died frm lacking water.
A. Being n rain B. There was n rain
C. T be n rain D. There being n rain
His letter, _____ t the wrng number, reached me late.
A. having been addressed B. t have addressed
C. t have been addressed D. being addressed
4．"Yu can't catch me" Janet shuted, ______away. (NMET2005全国卷3)
A. run B. running C. t run D. ran
5．Mre and mre peple are signing up fr Yga classes nwadays, ______ advantage f the healthy and relaxatin benefits. (NMET2005上海卷)
A. taking B. taken C. having taken D. having been taken
6．______ in the queue fr half an hur , Tm suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at hme. (NMET2004北京卷)
A. T wait B. Have waited C. Having waited D. T have waited
答案
1.A。including为介词;由seat的用法可知,此处应用其过去分词形式。
2. D. There being n rain为 there be句型的独立主格形式。
3.A。address所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前,且与letter之间逻辑上存在着被动关系,having been addressed...在句中作非限制性定语。
4 解析：答案为B。现在分词running away在这里作伴随状语。题意是一边跑着，一边喊着说。
5．解析：该题考察非谓语动词的用法。四个选项均为take的不同形式，由句中的逗号及空白前后的逻辑关系考虑，此空应填现在分词表结果，答案为A。
6．解析：答案为C。 根据fr half an hur 可判断出要用现在分词的完成形式having waited 填写，表示排队发生在汤姆意识到把钱包忘在家里了之前。用法
例句
时间
Crssing the rad, he was ran ver by a car. Having dne their hmewrk, the students played ftball.
原因
Nt knwing English, he culdn't understand the film.
Having lived in Shanghai, he knws the place very well.
条件
Wrking hard, yu will d well in the exam.
Turning t the left, yu will see the pst ffice.
让步
Wrking r reading, she always did her best.
Nt being a rich man himself, he helped the
pr generusly.
伴随
The children went int the classrm, talking
and laughing.
She sat there, staring at the ceiling.
结果
His parents died in the war, leaving him an
rphan.
The child fell, striking his head against the
dr and cutting it.
句型
主动
Having +p.p. …, 主语+谓语
被动
(Having been) +p.p…, 主语+谓语
用法
-ing完成式所表示的动作发生在句中谓语动词所表示的动作之前，一般在句中作时间或原因状语用被动语态-ing完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前，在句中一般作状语用
例句
Having answered the letter, she went n t read an English nvel. Having been shwn the lab, we were taken t see the library.