2022年高三英语复习与训练十十一独立主格动词的时态

这是一份2022年高三英语复习与训练十十一独立主格动词的时态，共21页。试卷主要包含了独立主格等内容，欢迎下载使用。

10．独立主格
10.1 独立主格
独立主格结构的构成：名词（代词）+现在分词、过去分词；
名词（代词）+形容词；
名词（代词）+副词；
名词（代词）+不定式；
名词（代词） +介词短语构成。
独立主格结构的特点：1）独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在。
2）名词或代词与后面的分词，形容词，副词，不定式，介词等是主谓关系。
3）独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。
例如：
The test finished, we began ur hliday. = When the test was finished, we began ur hliday. 考试结束了，我们开始放假。
The president assassinated, the whle cuntry was in deep srrw. = After the president was assassinated, the whle cuntry was in deep srrw. 总统被谋杀了，举国上下沉浸在悲哀之中。
Weather permitting, we are ging t visit yu tmrrw. 天气允许，我们明天去看你。
This dne, we went hme. 工作完成后，我们才回家。
The meeting gne ver, everyne tired t g hme earlier. 会议结束后，每个人都想早点回家。
He came int the rm, his ears red with cld. 他回到了房子里，耳朵冻得红通通的。
He came ut f the library, a large bk under his arm. 他夹着本厚书，走出了图书馆

10.2 with的复合结构作独立主格
表示伴随情况时，既可用分词的独立结构，也可用with的复合结构：with +名词（代词）+现在分词/过去分词/形容词/副词/不定式/介词短语。例如：
He std there, his hand raised. = He std there, with his hand raise.他举手着站在那儿。
典型例题
The murderer was brught in, with his hands ___ behind his back。
A. being tied B. having tied C. t be tied D. tied
答案D. with +名词（代词）+分词+介词短语结构。当分词表示伴随状况时，其主语常常用with来引导。由于本句中名词"手"与分词"绑"是被动关系，因此用过去分词，选D.
注意:
1） 独立主格结构使用介词的问题： 当介词是in时，其前后的两个名词均不加任何成分（如物主代词或冠词），也不用复数。但 with 的复合结构不受此限制。例如：A rbber burst int the rm, knife in hand.（hand前不能加his）劫匪冲进房间，手里拿着刀。
2） 当表示人体部位的词做逻辑主语时，及物动词用现在分词，不及物动词用过去分词。例如：
He lay there, his teeth set, his hand clenched, his eyes lking straight up.
他躺在那儿，牙紧咬，双手握拳，两眼直勾勾看着上面。
典型例题：
Weather___, we'll g ut fr a walk.
A permitted B permitting C permits D fr permitting
答案B. 本题中没有连词，它不是复合句，也不是并列句。 句中使用了逗号，且we 小写，可知其不是两个简单句。能够这样使用的只有独立主格或with的复合结构。据此判断，本句中使用的是独立结构，其结构为：名词+分词。 由于permit在这里翻译为'天气允许'，表主动，应用现在分词，故选B。
如果不会判断独立结构作状语的形式，不妨将句子改为条件句，例如本句改为If weather permits, we'll g ut fr a walk. 然后将if 去掉，再将谓语动词改为非谓语动词即可。

11. 动词的时态
11.1 一般现在时的用法
1） 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频腮度的时间状语连用。时间状语： every…, smetimes, at…, n Sunday。例如：
I leave hme fr schl at 7 every mrning. 每天早上我七点离开家。
2） 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。例如：
The earth mves arund the sun. 地球绕太阳转动。
Shanghai lies in the east f China. 上海位于中国东部。
3） 表示格言或警句。例如：
Pride ges befre a fall. 骄者必败。
注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。
例：Clumbus prved that the earth is rund. 哥伦布证实了地球是圆的。
4） 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。例如：
I dn't want s much. 我不要那么多。
Ann writes gd English but des nt speak well. 安英语写得不错，讲的可不行。
比较：Nw I put the sugar in the cup. 把糖放入杯子。
I am ding my hmewrk nw. 我正在做功课。
第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作，表示言行的瞬间动作。第二句中的nw是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况，所以后句用一般现在时。

11.2 一般过去时的用法
1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。例如：时间状语有：yesterday, last week, an hur ag, the ther day, in 1982等。例如：
Where did yu g just nw? 刚才你上哪儿去了？
2）表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。例如：
When I was a child, I ften played ftball in the street. 我是个孩子的时候，常在马路上踢足球。
Whenever the Brwns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcme.
那时，布朗一家无论什么时候去，都受到热烈欢迎。
3）句型：It is time fr sb. t d sth "到……时间了" "该……了"。例如：It is time fr yu t g t bed. 你该睡觉了。
It is time that sb. did sth. "时间已迟了" "早该……了" ，例如It is time yu went t bed. 你早该睡觉了。
wuld （had） rather sb. did sth. 表示'宁愿某人做某事'。例如：I'd rather yu came tmrrw.还是明天来吧。
4） wish, wnder, think, hpe 等用过去时，作试探性的询问、请求、建议等，而一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去，现已不复存在。例如：I thught yu might have sme. 我以为你想要一些。
比较：Christine was an invalid all her life.（含义：她已不在人间。）
Christine has been an invalid all her life.（含义：她现在还活着）
Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky fr seven years. （含义：达比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。）
Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky fr seven years. （含义：现在还住在肯塔基州，有可能指刚离去）
注意： 用过去时表示现在，表示委婉语气。
1）动词want, hpe, wnder, think, intend 等。例如：
Did yu want anything else? 您还要些什么吗？
I wndered if yu culd help me. 能不能帮我一下。
2）情态动词 culd, wuld。例如：
Culd yu lend me yur bike? 你的自行车，能借用一些吗？

11.3 used t / be used t
used t + d："过去常常"表示过去习惯性的动作或状态，但如今已不存在。例如：
Mther used nt t be s frgetful. 老妈过去没那么健忘。
Scarf used t take a walk. 斯卡夫过去常常散步。
be used t + ding： 对……已感到习惯，或"习惯于"，t是介词，后需加名词或动名词。例如：
He is used t a vegetarian diet.
Scarf is used t taking a walk. 斯卡夫现在已习惯于散步了。
典型例题
---- Yur phne number again? I ___ quite catch it.
---- It's 69568442.
A. didn't B. culdn't C. dn't D. can't
答案A. 本句虽没有明确的时间状语，但从语意上看出，在听的时候没有听懂这个动作发生在过去，因此应用过去时。

11.4 一般将来时
1） shall用于第一人称，常被will 所代替。will 在陈述句中用于各人称，在征求意见时常用于第二人称。例如：
Which paragraph shall I read first？ 我先读哪一段呢？
Will yu be at hme at seven this evening? 今晚七点回家好吗？
2） be ging t +不定式，表示将来。
a. 主语的意图，即将做某事。例如：What are yu ging t d tmrrw? 明天打算作什么呢？
b. 计划，安排要发生的事。例如：The play is ging t be prduced next mnth。这出戏下月开播。
c. 有迹象要发生的事。例如：Lk at the dark cluds, there is ging t be a strm. 看那乌云，快要下雨了。
3） be +不定式表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。例如：
We are t discuss the reprt next Saturday.我们下星期六讨论这份报告。
4） be abut t +不定式，意为马上做某事。例如：
He is abut t leave fr Beijing. 他马上要去北京。
注意：be abut t d 不能与tmrrw, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。

11.5 be ging t / will 用于条件句时，be ging t表将来,will表意愿。例如：
If yu are ging t make a jurney, yu'd better get ready fr it as sn as pssible.
Nw if yu will take ff yur clthes, we will fit the new clthes n yu in frnt f the mirrr.

11.6 be t和be ging t
be t 表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事，be ging t 表示主观的打算或计划。例如：
I am t play ftball tmrrw afternn. 明天下午我去踢球。（客观安排）
I'm ging t play ftball tmrrw afternn. 明天下午我想去踢球。（主观安排）

11.7 一般现在时表将来
1）下列动词cme, g, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般现在时可以表示将来，主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。例如：
The train leaves at six tmrrw mrning. 火车明天上午六点开。
When des the bus star? It stars in ten minutes. 汽车什么时候开？十分钟后。
2）以here, there等开始的倒装句，表示动作正在进行。例如：
Here cmes the bus. = The bus is cming. 车来了。
There ges the bell. = The bell is ringing. 铃响了。
3）在时间或条件句中。例如：
When Bill cmes （不是will cme）, ask him t wait fr me. 比尔来后，让他等我。
I'll write t yu as sn as I arrive there. 我到了那里，就写信给你。
4）在动词hpe, take care that, make sure that等的宾语从句中。例如：
I hpe they have a nice time next week. 我希望他们下星期玩得开心。
Make sure that the windws are clsed befre yu leave the rm. 离开房间前，务必把窗户关了。

11.8 用现在进行时表示将来
下列动词cme, g, arrive, leave, start, begin, return等现在进行时可以表示将来。例如：
I'm leaving tmrrw. 明天我要走了。
Are yu staying here till next week? 你会在这儿呆到下周吗？

11.9 现在完成时
现在完成时用来表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态，其结果的影响现在还存在；也可表示持续到现在的动作或状态。其构成：have （has） +过去分词。

11.10 比较一般过去时与现在完成时
1）一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。
2）一般过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。
一般过去时的时间状语：yesterday, last week，…ag, in1980, in Octber, just nw等，皆为具体的时间状语。
现在完成时的时间状语：fr, since, s far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up t nw, in past years, always等，皆不确定的时间状语。
共同的时间状语：this mrning, tnight, this April, nw, already, recently, lately 等。
3）现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态，动词一般是延续性的，如live, teach, learn, wrk, study, knw.。
一般过去时常用的非持续性动词有cme, g, leave, start, die, finish, becme, get married等。例如：
I saw this film yesterday. （强调看的动作发生过了）
I have seen this film. （强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了）
Why did yu get up s early? （强调起床的动作已发生过了）
Wh hasn't handed in his paper? （强调有卷子未交，疑为不公平竞争）
He has been in the League fr three years. （在团内的状态可延续）
He has been a League member fr three years. （是团员的状态可持续）
句子中如有过去时的时间副词（如yesterday, last, week, in 1960）时，不能使用现在完成时，要用过去时。
（错）Tm has written a letter t his parents last night.
（对）Tm wrte a letter t his parents last night.

11.11 用于现在完成时的句型
1）It is the first / secnd that…结构中的从句部分，用现在完成时。例如：
It is the first time that I have visited the city. 这是我第一次访问这城市。
This is the first time （that） I've heard him sing. 这是我第一次听他唱歌。
注意：It was the third time that the by had been late.
2）This is +形容词最高级+that…结构，that 从句要用现在完成时。例如：
This is the best film that I've （ever） seen. 这是我看过的最好的电影。
典型例题
（1） ---D yu knw ur twn at all?
---N, this is the first time I ___ here.
A. was B. have been C. came D. am cming
答案B. This is the first time 后面所加从句应为现在完成时，故选B。
（2） ---Have yu ____ been t ur twn befre?
---N, it's the first time I ___ here.
A. even, cme B. even, have cme C. ever, cme D. ever, have cme
答案D. ever意为曾经或无论何时，反意词为never，此两词常用于完成时。
注意：非延续性动词的否定形式可以与表示延续时间的状语连用。即动作不发生的状态是可以持续的。
（错）I have received his letter fr a mnth.
（对）I haven't received his letter fr almst a mnth.

11.12 比较since和fr
Since 用来说明动作起始时间，fr用来说明动作延续时间长度。例如：
I have lived here fr mre than twenty years.我住在这儿二十多年了。
I have lived here since I was brn. 我从出生起就住在这儿了。
注意：并非有fr 作为时间状语的句子都用现在完成时。
I wrked here fr mre than twenty years. （我现在已不在这里工作。）
I have wrked here fr many years.（现在我仍在这里工作。）
注意：用句型转换的方法，很容易排除非延续动词在有fr/since结构的完成时中的误用。
1）（对） Tm has studied Russian fr three years. = Tm began t study Russian three years ag, and is still studying it nw.
2）（错） Harry has gt married fr six years. = Harry began t get married six years ag, and is still getting married nw.
显然，第二句不对，它应改为 Harry gt married six years ag. 或 Harry has been married fr six years.

11.13 since的四种用法
1） since +过去一个时间点（如具体的年、月、日期、钟点、1980, last mnth, half past six）。例如：
I have been here since 1989. 1989起，我一直在这儿。
2） since +一段时间+ ag。例如：
I have been here since five mnths ag. 我在这儿，已经有五个月了。
3） since +从句。例如：
Great changes have taken place since yu left. 你走后，变化可大了。
Great changes have taken place since we were here. 我们走后，变化可大了。
4） It is +一段时间+ since从句。例如：
It is tw years since I became a pstgraduate student. 我考上研究生有两年了。

11.14 延续动词与瞬间动词
1） 用于完成时的区别
延续动词表示经验、经历； 瞬间动词表示行为的结果，不能与表示段的时间状语连用。例如：
He has cmpleted the wrk. 他已完成了那项工作。 （表结果）
I've knwn him since then. 我从那时起就认识他了。（表经历）
2） 用于till / until从句的差异
延续动词用于肯定句，表示"做……直到……" 瞬间动词用于否定句，表示"到……，才……"。例如：
He didn't cme back until ten 'clck. 他到10 点才回来。
He slept until ten 'clck. 他一直睡到10点。
典型例题
1. Yu dn't need t describe her. I ___ her several times.
A. had met B. have met C. met D. meet
答案B. 首先本题后句强调对现在的影响，我知道她的模样，你不用描述。再次，several times告知为反复发生的动作，因此用现在完成时。
2. ---I'm srry t keep yu waiting.
---Oh, nt at all. I ___ here nly a few minutes.
A. have been B. had been C. was D. will be
答案A. 等待的动作由过去开始，持续到现在，应用现在完成时。

11.15 过去完成时
1） 概念：表示过去的过去
----|----------|--------|----> 其构成是had +过去分词构成。
那时以前 那时 现在
2） 用法
a. 在tld, said, knew, heard, thught等动词后的宾语从句。例如：
She said （that）she had never been t Paris. 她告诉我她曾去过巴黎。
b. 状语从句
在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在先，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时。例如：
When the plice arrived, the thieves had run away. 警察到达时，小偷们早就跑了。
c. 表示意向的动词，如hpe, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppse等，用过去完成时表示"原本…，未能…"。例如：
We had hped that yu wuld cme, but yu didn't. 那时我们希望你能来，但是你没有来。
3） 过去完成时的时间状语befre, by, until , when, after, nce, as sn as。例如：
He said that he had learned sme English befre. 他说过他以前学过一些英语。
By the time he was twelve, Edisn had began t make a living by himself. 到了十二岁那年，爱迪生开始自己谋生。
Tm was disappinted that mst f the guests had left when he arrived at the party.
汤姆失望了，因为他到达晚会时，大部分客人已经走了。
典型例题
The students ___ busily when Miss Brwn went t get a bk she ___ in the ffice.
A. had written, left B，were writing, has left C. had written, had left D. were writing, had left
答案D. "把书忘在办公室"发生在"去取书"这一过去的动作之前，因此"忘了书"这一动作发生在过去的过去，用过去完成时。句中when表示的是时间的一点，表示在"同学们正忙于……"这一背景下，when所引导的动作发生。因此前一句应用过去进行时。
注意： had hardly… when 还没等…… 就……。例如：
I had hardly pened the dr when I he hit me. 我刚打开门，他就打了我。
had n sner…than 刚…… 就……。例如：
He had n sner bught the car than he sld it. 他刚买了这辆车，转眼又卖了。

11.16 用一般过去时代替过去完成时
1） 两个动作如按顺序发生，又不强调先后，或用then，and，but 等连词时，多用一般过去时。例如：
When she saw the muse，she screamed. 她看到老鼠，就叫了起来。
My aunt gave me a hat and I lst it. 姑妈给了我一顶帽子，我把它丢了。
2 ） 两个动作相继发生，可用一般过去时；如第一个动作需要若干时间完成，用过去完成时。例如：
When I heard the news, I was very excited.
3） 叙述历史事实，可不用过去完成时，而只用一般过去时。例如：
Our teacher tld us that Clumbus discvered America in 1492.

11.17 将来完成时
1） 构成will have dne
2） 概念
a. 状态完成：表示某事继续到将来某一时为止一直有的状态。例如：
They will have been married fr 20 years by then. 到那时他们结婚将有二十年了。
b. 动作完成：表示将来某一时或另一个将来的动作之前，已经完成的动作或获得的经验。例如：
Yu will have reached Shanghai by this time tmrrw. 明天此时，你已经到达上海了。

11.18 现在进行时
现在进行时的基本用法：
a. 表示现在（指说话人说话时）正在发生的事情。例如：
We are waiting fr yu. 我们正在等你。
b. 习惯进行：表示长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行。例如：
Mr. Green is writing anther nvel. 他在写另一部小说。（说话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态。）
c. 表示渐变，这样的动词有：get, grw, becme, turn, run, g, begin等。例如：
The leaves are turning red. 叶子在变红。
It's getting warmer and warmer. 天越来越热了。
d. 与always, cnstantly, frever 等词连用，表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有说话人的主观色彩。例如：
Yu are always changing yur mind. 你老是改变主意。
典型例题
My dictinary ___, I have lked fr it everywhere but still___ it.
A. has lst, dn't find B. is missing, dn't find C. has lst, haven't fund D. is missing, haven't fund.
答案D. 前句是一个仍在持续的状态，应用进行时，由于没有找到，其影响仍然存在，应用完成时，瞬间动词用于否定式时可用于完成时。

11.19 不用进行时的动词
1）表示事实状态的动词，如have, belng, pssess, cst, we, exist, include, cntain, matter, weigh, measure, cntinue等。例如：I have tw brthers. 我有两兄弟。
This huse belngs t my sister. 这房子是我姐的。
2）表示心理状态的动词，如knw, realize, think see, believe, suppse, imagine, agree, recgnize, remember, want, need, frget, prefer, mean, understand, lve, hate等。例如：I need yur help. 我需要你的帮助。
He lves her very much. 他爱她很深。
3）瞬间动词，如accept, receive, cmplete, finish, give, allw, decide, refuse等。例如：
I accept yur advice. 我接受你的劝告。
4）系动词，如seem, remain, lie, see, hear, smell, feel, taste, get, becme, turn等。例如：
Yu seem a little tired. 你看上去有点累。

11.20 过去进行时
1）概念：表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作。
2）过去进行时的主要用法是描述一件事发生的背景；一个长动作延续的时候，另一个短动作发生。
3） 常用的时间状语有this mrning, the whle mrning, all day yesterday, frm nine t ten last evening, when, while等。例如：
My brther fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself. 我兄弟骑车时摔了下来，受了伤。
It was raining when they left the statin. 他们离开车站时，正下着雨。
When I gt t the tp f the muntain, the sun was shining. 我到达山顶时，阳光灿烂。
典型例题
1） Mary ___ a dress when she cut her finger.
A. made B. is making C. was making D. makes
答案C. 割伤手指是已发生的事情，应用过去时。同时，when表时间的同时性，"玛丽在做衣服时"提供事情发生的背景，因此用过去进行时。
2） As she ___ the newspaper, Granny ___ asleep.
A. read；was falling B. was reading； fell C. was reading； was falling D. read；fell
答案B.句中的as = when, while，意为"当……之时"。描述一件事发生的背景时，用过去进行；一个长动作发生的时候，另一个短动作发生。句意为 "在她看报纸时，奶奶睡着了。"句中的 fell（fall的过去时），是系动词，后跟形容词，如：fall sick。

11.21 将来进行时
1） 概念：表示将来某时进行的状态或动作，或按预测将来会发生的事情。例如：
She'll be cming sn. 她会很快来的。
I'll be meeting him smetime in the future. 将来我一定去见他。
注意：将来进行时不用于表示"意志"，不能说 I'll be having a talk with her.
2）常用的时间状语有sn, tmrrw, this evening，n Sunday, by this time，tmrrw, in tw days, tmrrw evening等。例如：By this time tmrrw, I'll be lying n the beach. 明天此时，我正躺在海滩上呢。

11.22 一般现在时代替一般将来时
When, while, befre, after, till, nce, as sn as, s lng as, by the time, if, in case （that）, unless, even if, whether, the mment, the minute, the day, the year, immediately等引导的时间状语从句，条件句中，用一般现在时代替将来时。例如：
He is ging t visit her aunt the day he arrives in Beijing. 他一到北京，就去看他姨妈。
典型例题
（1）He said he________me a present unless I_______ in ding the experiment.
A. had nt given; had nt succeeded B. wuld nt give; succeeded
C. will nt give; succeed D. wuld nt give; will succeed.
答案B. 在时间，条件或让步主语从句中一般不用将来时。本题有He said，故为过去式。主句用将来时，故选B. 此处用一般过去式代替了过去将来时。
（2） 表示现在已安排好的未来事项，行程等活动。例如：
The museum pens at ten tmrrw. 博物馆明天10点开门。（实际上每天如此。）

11.23 一般现在时代替一般过去时
1 ） "书上说"，"报纸上说"等。例如：
The newspaper says that it's ging t be cld tmrrw. 报纸上说明天会很冷的。
2） 叙述往事，使其生动。例如：
Naplen's army nw advances and the great battle begins.拿破仑的军队正在向前挺进，大战开始了。

11.24 一般现在时代替现在完成时
1） 有些动词用一般现在时代替完成时，如hear, tell, learn, write , understand, frget, knw, find , say, remember等。例如：
I hear （= have heard） he will g t Lndn. 我听说了他将去伦敦。
I frget （=have frgtten） hw ld he is. 我忘了他多大了。
2） 用句型 " It is … since…"代替"It has been … since …"。例如：
It is （= has been） five years since we last met. 从我们上次见面以来，五年过去了。

11.25 一般现在时代替现在进行时。
在Here cmes…/There ges…等句型里，用一般现在时代替现在进行时。例如：
There ges the bell. 铃响了。

11.26 现在进行时代替将来时
1） 表示即将发生的或预定中计划好的活动。例如：
Are yu staying with us this weekend? 和我们一起度周末好吗?
We are leaving sn. 我们马上就走。
2） 渐变动词，如get, run, grw, becme, begin以及瞬间动词die等。例如：
He is dying. 他要死了。

11.27 时态一致
1） 如果从句所叙述的为真理或相对不变的事实，则用现在时。例如：
At that time, peple did nt knw that the earth mves. 那时，人们不知道地球是动的。
He tld me last week that he is eighteen. 上星期他告诉我他十八岁了。
2） 宾语从句中的，助动词ught, need, must, dare 的时态是不变的。例如：
He thught that I need nt tell yu the truth. 他认为我不必告诉你真相。

11.28 时态与时间状语
11.29 时态、语态练习
1.“I dn’t like t travel. ”“Have yu ever _____ in an airplane?”
a. flying b. flew c. flwed d. flwn
2.The center f gravity f the human bdy ______ behind his jint.
a. lcated b. lcating c. t lcate d. is lcated
3.“Tday is very cld, isn’t it?” “Yes, the river is _____ ver.”
a. freezed b. freeze c. frzen d. freezing
4.“What happened in that new area?” “New huses ______ recently ver there.”
a. are built b. build c. have built d. have been built
5.“When did yu g t wrk?” “As sn as they came, we ______ t wrk.”
a. went b. were ging c. had gne d. g
6.“Did yu wait fr him very lng?” “Yes, I ______ t bed until five in the mrning.”
a.did g b. didn’t g c. had gne d. went
7.Perhaps it will be a lng time ______ frm abrad.
a. when Tm cmes back b. when Tm will cme back
c.befre Tm cmes back d. that Tm cmes back
8.Tm ______ mathematics thrughut his cllege life.
a. bred b. bred with c. was bred d. was bred with
9.______ that dress when I first saw yu at the statin?
a. Were yu wearing b. Have yu wrn c. Did yu wear d. d yu wear
10.Mr Wu ______ t wrk by bus every day.
a. has been traveling b. has traveled c. travels d. is traveling
11.Dn’t disturb him. He ______ t the weather frecast.
a. listens b. is being listened c. has listened d. is listening
12.My English teacher ______ my test.
a.has nt yet graded b. has nt yet been graded
c.is nt yet t be graded d. is nt yet graded
13.We ______ n it fr many hurs, but we have nt yet reached any cnclusin.
a. are being wrked b. are wrking c. have been wrking d. have been wrked
14.Shanghai ______ n the Huangpu River.
a. stand b. stands c. is being stand d. has std
15.“Tell the students t stp shuting. We ______ ur essays nw.”
a. write b. have been writing c. are writing d. have written
16.“______ yur best? It’s nt satisfactry. I’m afraid yu will have t d it again.”
a.D yu try b. Have yu tried c. Are yu trying d. Have yu been trying
17.Chinese married cuple _____ red packets t children and the unmarried during the Chinese new Year.
a. give b. have been giving c. are giving d. have given
18.My uncle, Sam,______ manager f the firm.
a. has just made b. is just being made c. has just been made d. is just made
19.This is the first time the students ______ t Hyde Park.
a. have gne b. have been gne c. have been ging d. are being gne
20.She ______ her mther’s wrk since she was admitted int hspital.
a. is ding b. has been ding c. has dne d. has been dne
21.I ______ the incident as if it were yesterday.
a. am still t remember b. have still been remembering
c. am being still remembered d. still remember
22.I ______ swimming in the river and I always _____ t swim when I can.
a.am liking/have gne b. am being liked/am ging
23.We have smetimes accidents n this line, but n accidents ______ since last winter.
a. ccur b. have ccurred c. have been ccurring d. are ccurring
24.He _____ n this essay fr twenty minutes but he _____ nly a hundred wrds.
a.has been wrking/has written b. is wrking/writes
b.has wrked/has been writing d. wrks/is writing
25.Electins _______ every fur years and Cngress meets nce a year.
a. are taken place b. are t be taken place c. tk place d. take place
26.______ careless, r yu will make mistakes.
a.Be nt b. Nt be c. Dn’t d. Dn’t be
27.The N.8 bus ______ t Chengdu cllege f Gelgy, and nt t Sichuan University.
a.are gne b. is being gne c. ges d. are ging
28.Oil, exprted frm Iran t Eurpe, _____ by tankers.
a.used t be transprted/have been built up
b.used t being transprted/have built up
c.was used t be transprted/had been built up
d.was used t being transprted/will be built up
29.If it ______,the match will be pstpned.
a.has been rained b. des rain c. rains d. is rained
30.As sn as I ______ the tls, I shall begin with the wrk.
a.have b. am having c. have been having d. have been had
31.Once yu ______ the knack f it, yu will have n further difficulty.
a. shall have b. had had c. are having d. have
32.Every time he ______ me, he is rude t me.
a. will see b. sees c. is seeing d. is seen
33.Jhn tld Mary that he ______ what he was ding during the vacatin.
a. was just asked b. was just asking c. had just been asked d. had just asked
34.Nw that yu _______ , what are yu ging t d?
a. are bing returned b. have been returning c. have been returned d. have returned
35.I started my teaching career at the schl. That was mre than twenty years ag, and I ______ there ever since.
a. was b. had been c. will be d. have been
36.Everything n the earth ______ all the time.
a. is changing b. is changed c. has changed d. has been changed
37.We ______ fine weather fr the past few days.
a. have b. are having c. have been had d. have been having
38.It ______ every day s far this mnth.
a. is raining b. rains c. has rained d. has been rained
39.n ne can prve that the earth ______ nt rund.
a. is being b. is t be c. is d. has been
40.“There she ______!We needn’t wait any lnger.”
a.cmes b. has been cme c. has been cming d. is t cme
41.The little girl ______ by the drug-pusher t carry drugs int the cuntry.
a.was made use b. was made used c. was made use f d. was made used f
42.I shall tell yu what he ______ at three ’clck yesterday afternn.
a.had dne b. wuld d c. was ding d. had been dne
43.By the end f last year they ______ 1,000 machines.
a. turned ut b. had turned ut c. wuld turn ut d. had been turned ut
44.He was sixty-eight. In tw years he ______ seventy.
a. wuld be b. was c. had been d. was being
45.Hw lng ag ______ playing ftball?
a. had yu stpped b. wuld yu stp c. did yu stp d. were yu stpping
46.Up till then we ______ half the distance.
a. had nly cvered b. cvered c. wuld nly cver d. wuld be nly cvered
47.While I ______ televisin, the dr bell ______.
b.was watching/rang d. had been watched/was ringing
48.They ______ with us fr the time being.
a. wuld stay b. will stay c. have been staying d. will be staying
49.I never dreamed I ______ here discussing state affairs with the ther deputies.
a. will be sitting b. wuld be sitting c. will have been sitting d. wuld have been sitting
50.Jhn tld us that by the end f the year they ______ tgether fr thirty years.
a. wuld have been living b. wuld have lived
c. wuld have been lived d. will have been living
51.The new type f machine ______ the year after next.
a.is ging t turn ut b. is ging t being turned ut
b.is ging t have turned ut d. is ging t be turned ut
52.Large sums f mney ______ each year in painting the steelwrk f bridges, ships, and ther expsed structures.
a. have spent b. have t be spent c. have t spend d. spend
53.The plice ______ in what the infrmer reprted.
a. interested b. had interested c. were interesting d. were interested
54.A candidate fr the pst ______ at the mment.
a. is interviewing b. being interviewing c. interviewing d. is being interviewed
55.By the end f last year the railway ______.
a.was being cmpleted b. wuld be cmpleted
b.had been cmpleted d. had cmpleted
56.I______ t visit their cuntry befre lng.
a.have been invited b. am being invited c. had been invited d. shall be invited
57.Thery ______ with practice.
a. must be cmbining b. must cmbine c. must have been cmbined d. must be cmbined
58.He said such a thing ______ t happen.
a.ught t be nt allwed b. ught nt t be allwing
b.ught nt t have allwed d. ught nt t be allwed
59.She tld me that her prpsal ______.
a.needed t take int cnsideratin b. needed t be taken int cnsideratin
c.needed t be taking int cnsideratin d. needed t have taken int cnsideratin
60.The schl authrities and the teachers ______ ver the advantages f the demerit system.
a.were always argued b. were always arguing
b.had always had argued d. had always been argued
61.He fulfilled the plan earlier than he ______.
a. had expected b. expecting c. shuld expect d. wuld expect
62.______ when the bell rang.
a.Hardly wuld he reach schl b. Hardly had he reached schl
c.Hardly he reached schl d. Hardly he was reaching schl
63.We were determined nt t d it unless Julie ______ it, t.
a. had dne b. was ding c. was dne d. did
64.They were sure they ______ final victry.
a. were wn b. wuld be wn c. wuld win d. had been wn
65.When ______ t give us an answer?
a. will yu be able b. will yu have been able c. will yu able d. will yu have abled
66.We ______ n the prject by the end f next week.
a.shall have finished t wrk b. shall finish t wrk
c.shall have finished wrking d. shall finish wrking
67.He ______ fr six years by the time he takes his examinatin.
a.shall have finished t wrk b. shall finish t wrk
b.shall have finished wrking d. shall finish wrking
68.I prmise yu that I ______ yu a present next week.
a. will give b. will have given c. shall give d. shall have given
69.I hpe that she ______ t the demands f the naughty bys.
a.will nt have agreed b. will nt be agreed c. will nt agree d. will nt have been agreed
70.In the lng run yur mney ______ in bnds.
a.was mre safely invested b. is mre safely invested
b.will be mre safely invested d. are mre safely invested
asked me if these islands ______ t Japan.
a. belng b. are belnging c. are belnged d. have been belnged
72.Befre the end f the nineties, air pllutin ______ a serius prblem that endangers the health f the human race.
a. will be becme b. will becme c. will have becme d. will have been becme
73.The train ______ at eight tnight.
a. will be started b. will have started c. shall be started d. starts
74.We ______ an English evening tnight.
a. are being having b. are having c. will be had d. shall be had
75.They ______ fr Beijing fr practice.
a. are leaving b. are being left c. will have left d. will be left
76._____ me r aren’t yu?
a. Will yu help b. Shall yu help c. Are yu ging t help d. Will yu have helped
77.A new pwer statin ______ there.
a. will be ging t build b. is ging t be built c. will be gne t build d. is gne t be built
78.______ a meeting this afternn.
a.There ging t be b. There will be ging t be
b.There is ging t be d. There will ging t be
79.We ______ a new experiment this afternn.
a.shall be t perfrm b. will be t perfrm c. are t be perfrmed d. are t perfrm
80.The gvernment _____ t apprve the use f widespread surveillance when the Justice Department tk bjectins.
a. is ging b. had been c. was abut d. is cming
81.Yu ught t _____ a test in physics the day befre, I think.
a. have taken b. take c. be taken d. be taking
82.Kepler prved that the sun ______ the center f the slar system.
a. is b. was c. had been d. wuld be
83.This is ne f the best nvels that ______ this year.
a. appears b. is appearing c. has appeared d. have appeared
84.My friend ______ here last week, but he culdn’t.
a. was t have cme b. must have cme c. came d. had t cme
85.He did nt arrive until the meeting was nearly ver, fr the simple reasn is that he _____ asleep while watching televisin.
a. had fallen b. has fallen c. fell d. was falling
86.We had hardly sat dwn when she ______ plates f fd fr us.
a. brught b. has brught c. had brught d. was bringing
87.A friend f mine returned t his huse after a hliday ,nly t find it ______.
a. be brken int b. was brken int c. had brken int d. had been brken int
88.“What were yu ding when Anna phned yu?”
“I had just finished my wrk and ______ t take a bath.”
a.starting b. t start c. have started d. was starting
89.“Have yu gne t see the dctr?”
“N, but ______.”
a. I g b. I am ging t see c. I g t see d. I’m ging t
90.Each time yu lk at an bject, yu ______ a picture.
a. tk b. are taking c. take d. have taken
91.Water pipes ______ rusty after a perid f use.
a. becme b. is becming c. are becme d. were becme
92.This freign scientist ______ in ur cllege fr fifteen years and des nt want t leave.
a. wrked b. is wrking c. wrks d. has been wrking
93.______ t have dinner with us tnight?
a. Will yu like b. D yu like c. Wuldn’t yu like d. Wn’t yu like
94.What I was uncertain abut ______ whether they culd vercme the difficulties.
a. is b. will be c. had been d. was
95.“Certainly,______ him abut smething else in any case, s it wn’t be any bther.”
a. I’ll see b. I see c. I can see d. I’ll be seeing
96.By the time the curse ends,______ a lt abut Britain.
a. we’ll learnt b. we are learning c. we have learnt d. we’ll have learnt
97.All the machines ______ by the end f the fllwing week.
a. were repaired b. wuld be repaired
c. will have been repaired d. were being repair
98.He will cme t call ne yu the mment he ______ his wrk.
a. will finish b. finishes c. had finished d. finished
99.I dn’t think she’ll be upset, but I’ll see her in case ________.
a. she’ll b. she is c. she des d. she wuld
100.“I wish that yur sister wuld cme t visit me.”
“Well, I’ll tell her when I ______ her.”
a. see b. saw c. well see d. wuld see
答案
时态
时间状语
一般现在时
every…, smetimes, at…, n Sunday等
一般过去时
yesterday, last week, an hur ag, the ther day, in 1982, just nw等
一般将来时
next…, tmrrw, in+一段时间, befre+时间点等
现在完成时
fr, since, s far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up t nw, in past years, always, recently等
过去完成时
befre, by+过去的时间, until, when, after, nce等
过去进行时
this mrning, the whle mrning, all day, yesterday, frm nine t ten last evening… when, while等
将来进行时
sn, tmrrw, this evening, n Sunday, by this time, tmrrw, in tw days, tmrrw evening
1
D
19
A
37
D
55
C
73
D
91
A
2
D
20
B
38
C
56
D
74
B
92
D
3
C
21
D
39
C
57
D
75
A
93
C
4
D
22
C
40
A
58
D
76
C
94
D
5
A
23
B
41
C
59
B
77
B
95
D
6
B
24
A
42
C
60
B
78
C
96
D
7
C
25
D
43
B
61
A
79
D
97
C
8
D
26
D
44
A
62
B
80
C
98
B
9
A
27
C
45
C
63
D
81
A
99
B
10
C
28
A
46
A
64
C
82
A
100
A
11
D
29
C
47
C
65
A
83
D
101
12
A
30
A
48
D
66
C
84
A
102
13
C
31
D
49
B
67
B
85
A
103
14
B
32
B
50
A
68
A
86
A
104
15
C
33
C
51
D
69
C
87
D
105
16
B
34
D
52
B
70
C
88
D
106
17
A
35
D
53
D
71
A
89
D
107
18
C
36
A
54
D
72
C
90
B
108