英语必修 第一册Unit 4 Natural disasters课时作业

这是一份英语必修 第一册Unit 4 Natural disasters课时作业，共8页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，语法填空等内容，欢迎下载使用。
一、阅读理解
A
（2019山西吕梁高一期末）
Mandara seemed t knw smething big was abut t happen. S she let ut a yell, caught hld f her 2-year-lddaughter Kibibi and climbed up int a tree. She lives at the Natinal Z in Washingtn D. C.
And n Tuesday, August 23rd, witnesses said she seemed t sense the big earthquake that shk much f the East Cast befre any human knew what was ging n. And she's nt the nly ne. In the mments befre the quake, an rangutan（红毛猩猩）let ut a lud call and then climbed t the tp f her shelter.
"It's very different frm their nrmal call, "said Brandie Smith, the zkeeper. "The lemurs（狐猴）will sund an alarm if they see r hear smething highly unusual. "
But yu can't see r hear an earthquake 15 minutes befre it happens, can yu？Maybe yu can-if yu're an animal.
“Animals can hear abve and belw ur range f hearing, "said Brandie Smith. "That's part f their special abilities. They're mre sensitive t the envirnment, which is hw they survive, "
Primates weren't the nly animals that seemed t sense the quake befre it happened. One f the elephants made a warning sund and a huge lizard（蜥蜴）ran quickly fr cver. The flaminges（a kind f bird）gathered befre the quake and stayed tgether until the shaking stpped.
S what kind f vibratin（震动）were the animals picking up in the mments befre the quake？Scientist Susan Hugh said earthquakes prduce tw types f waves—a weak "p" wave and then a much strnger "S" wave. The "p" stands fr "primary". And the "S" stands fr "secndary". She thught the "p" wave might be what set the animals ff.
Nt all the animals behaved unusually befre the quake. Fr example, Smith said the z's giant pandas didn't jump up until the shaking actually began. But many f the ther animals seemed t knw smething was cming befre it happened. "I'm nt surprised at all, "said Smith.
1. Why did Mandara act strangely ne day？
A. Because she sensed smething unusual wuld happen.
B. Because her daughter Kibibi was injured.
C. Because she heard an rangutan let ut a lud call.
D. Because an earthquake had happened.
2. Accrding t Brandie Smith, .
A. many animals' hearing is sharp
B. earthquakes prduce tw types f waves
C. primates usually gather tgether befre a quake
D. humans can als develp the ability t sense a quake
3. Which animal seems unable t sense a quake？
A. A giant panda. B. A flaming.
C. A lemur. D. A lizard.
4. What is the best title fr the passage？
A. Hw animals survive a quake
B. Hw animals differ frm humans
C. Hw animals behave befre a quake
D. Hw animals prtect their yung in a quake
B
（2019山东新泰一中高一上第二次质量检测）
Earthquake rescue rbts have experienced their final tests in Beijing. Their designers say with these rbts. rescuers will be able t buy mre time t save lives during an earthquake.
This rbt lking like a helicpter, is called the detectr-ht. It's abut 4 meters lng, and it tk abut 4 years t develp the mdel. Its main functins are t cllect infrmatin frm the air. and send gds f up t 30 kils t peple trapped by an earthquake.
This rbt has a high definitin 360 degrees panramic全景的）camera. It can wrk day and night and will als be able t send the latest pictures frm the quake area.
Dr. Qi Juntng said, "The mst imprtant feature f this rbt is that it desn't need a distant cntrl. We just set the destinatin（目的地）infrmatin n it, and then it takes ff, and lands by itself. It flies as high as 3, 000meters, and as fast as 100 kilmeters per hur. "
This rbt has a different functin-it can change as the envirnment changes. Its main jb is t search fr any sign f life in places where human rescuers are unable t g.
As well as a detectr（探测器）that finds victims and detects pisnus gas, a camera is placed in the 40-centimeter-lng rbt, which can wrk in the dark.
Anther use fr the rescuers is the supply-bt. With its 10-meter-lng pipe, peple wh are trapped in the ruins, will be able t get supplies including xygen and liquids.
Experts have said that the rbts will enter prductin, and serve as part f the natinal earthquake rescue team as sn as next year.
5. Accrding t the passage, this rbt .
A. is carried by the helicpter
B. weighs abut 30 kils
C. hasn't been put int prductin s far
D. is a machine with a length f 10 meters
6. Dr. Qi Juntng thinks this rbt is different frm the thers mainly because .
A. it has mre functins
B. it has a unique shape
C. it has mre advanced cameras
D. it can wrk by itself nce given the infrmatin
7. The underlined wrd "which" in Paragraph 6 refers t .
A. a detectr B. a camera C. a rescuer D. a wrker
8. The text is mainly abut .
A. an intrductin t the rbt
B. what the rbt lks like
C. hw the rbt is made
D. infrmatin abut earthquakes
二、七选五
（2018北京一零一中学高一上学期期中）
Hmewrk
D arithmetic prblems 15 thrugh 25. State the different frms f the verbs n page 50 f yur French wrkbk. Read pages 12 thrugh 20 f the Shakespeare's play, and dn't frget t fill in the missing chemical symbls n the wrksheet.
Sund like a list f yur hmewrk fr the next few nights-r maybe even just fr tnight? 1 It's yur teachers' way f evaluating hw much yu understand what's ging n in class. And it helps strengthen imprtant cncepts.
2 It's inviting t start with the easy things t get them ut f the way. Hwever, yu'll have the mst energy and fcus when yu begin, s it's best t use this mental pwer n the subjects that are mst challenging. Later, when yu' re mre tired, yu can fcus n the simpler things. If yu get stuck n a prblem, try t figure it ut as well as yu can-but dn't spend t much time n it because this can mess up yur hmewrk schedule fr the rest f the night. 3 But dn't pick smene whm yu'll be up all night chatting with, r yu'll never get it dne!
Mst peple's attentin spans aren't very lng, s take sme breaks while ding yur hmewrk. Sitting fr t lng withut relaxing will make yu less prductive than if yu stp every s ften. Taking a 15-minute break every hur is a gd idea fr mst peple. 4
Once yur hmewrk is dne, yu can check it ver if yu have extra time. Be sure t put it away safely in yur backpack-there's nthing wrse than having a cmpleted assignment that yu can't find the next mrning r that gets ruined by a careless brther r sister. 5 Nw yu' re free t hang ut.
A. Hmewrk is a majr part f ging t schl.
B. Luckily, yu can d a few things t d less hmewrk.
C. When yu start yur hmewrk, deal with the hardest tasks first.
D. But if yu' re really cncentrating, wait until it's a gd time t stp.
E. If yu need help, ask an adult fr help r call r email a classmate fr advice.
F. And n teacher still believes that "chewed by the dg" lie-even when it's true!
G. In cnclusin, n ne is expected t stay lng, and peple have very different learning styles.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
三、语法填空
（2019山东师范大学附属中学高一上学期期中）
Earthquakes are quite cmmn. In fact, thusands f earthquakes 1 （happen）almst at every mment. 2 , mst f them are t weak t feel. During a big earthquake, there is ften a big nise first. Then the earth shakes 3 （terrible）and many huses fall dwn.
As ne f the mst deadly natural disasters in the wrld, the earthquake ften results 4 many peple being injured r killed. In 2008, a severe earthquake hit China's Sichuan Prvince 5 （kill）mre than 80, 000 peple there.
Besides the great damage and 6 （die）caused by the earthquake, ther accidents such 7 fires ften fllw Mre buildings may be damaged and mre 8 （injure）may be caused. Fr centuries, peple have been making studies f earthquakes. Abut 2, 000 years ag, fr example, a Chinese scientist 9 （name）Zhang Heng invented a machine which culd find ut the directin 10 the earthquake waves came.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
参考答案及解析
一、
A
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文, 主要阐述了在地震前动物的表现, 有些动物对地震敏感, 而有些动物对地震没有察觉
1. A 细节理解题根据第一段第一句Mandara seemed t knwn smething big was abut t happen. 可知, 一天, Mandara表现得很奇怪是因为它感觉有一些不同寻常的事情要发生, 故选A项。
2. A 细节理解题根据第五段"Animals can hear abve and belw ur range f hearing, "said Brandie Smith. "That's part f their special abilities. They're mre sensitive t the envirnment, which is hw they survive. "可知Brandie Smith认为许多动物的听觉很敏锐, 故选A项。
3. A 推理判断题, 根据最后一段前两句Nt all the animals behaved unusually befre the quake. Fr example, Smith said the z's giant pandas didn't jump up until the shaking actually began. 可知在地震之前, 大熊猫并没有表现异常, 由此推断出大熊猫不能感知地震, 故选A项。
4. C 主旨大意题 这篇文章主要阐述了在地震前动物的表现, 有些动物对地震敏感, 而有此动物对地震没有察觉, 故选C项。
B
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文, 主要介绍了一种新型机器人---地震救援机器人的功能和特点, 目前已经通过测试最快明年就能投入生产。
5. C细节理解题 根据最后一段Experts have said that the rbts will enter prductin, and serve as part f the natinal earthquake rescue team as sn as next year. 可知, 这种机器人最快明年才能投入生产, 故选C项。
6.D细节理解题, 根据第四段中的The mst imprtant feature f this rbt is that it desn't need a distant cntrl. We just set the destinatin（目的地）infrmatin n it, and then it takes ff, and lands by itell. 可知, 这种机器人最显著的特点是不需要用远程遥控, 一旦给它输入信息, 它就可以独立工作了, 故选D项。
7. B 词义猜测题。根据画线词前的… a camera is placed in the 40-centimeter-lng rbt 可知, 除了发现受害者和检测有毒气体外, 这种40厘米长的机器人上还装有一架照相机, 这架照相机可以在黑暗中拍摄传送照片, 此处为非限制性定语从句, which指代的就是先行词a camera, 故选B项。
8. A 主旨大意题, 通读全文, 特别是根据第一段首句Earthquake rescue rbts have experienced their final tests in Bijing. 可知, 本文介绍了一种新型机器人-地震救援机器人的功能和特点, 故选A项。
二、语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文, 主要对如何完成家庭作业提出了几个建议：要从最难的题目开始、可适当寻求帮助、每一小时可以休息片刻、要认真检查等。
1. A 空后的1t指代A选项中的Hmewrk, 故选A项。
2. C 根据下文s it's best t use this mental pwer n the subjects that are mst challenging可知, 本段建议学生们先从最难的作业着手, 因为一开始你最有精力, 思想也最集中, 故选C项。
3. E 后句用到了连词But, 并提到不要找一个整晚只聊天的人讨论作业。故设空处应该是说可以求助于哪些人, 故选E项。
4. D 上文提到“对于大部分人来说每小时休息15分钟是个好主意", D项"但是如果你非常专心, 那么也可以等到一个合适的时间停止”承接上文, 故选D项。
5. F 本段主要讲要预防其他一些意外给作业带来的破坏, 由此可知F项正确。
三、语篇解读 文章主要讲述了地震时常发生这一事实, 介绍了地震造成的巨大危害和损失。
1. are happening 考查动词时态。此处指成千上万的地震几乎每时每刻都在发生, 根据时间状语at every mment可知用现在进行时。主语为thusands f earthquakes, 故填are happening。
2.Hwever 考查副词。句意：然而大多数都太弱而感觉不到。设空处前后内容之间是转折关系, 此处单独作状语, 故填Hwever。
3. terribly 考查副词。此处修饰动词应用副词, 故填terribly。
4. in 考查介词。此处指地震经常导致许多人受伤或死亡, “导致”是result in, 故填介词in。
5. killing 考查现在分词。句子主语a severe earthquake和动词kill是主动关系, 故用现在分词形式, 故填killing。
6. deaths 考查名词及名词的数。由and前的the great damage可知此处用名词。此处指地震造成的极大破坏和死亡, 由语境可知应用复数名词。故填deaths。
7. as 考查固定短语。表示“例如, 比如"应用such as, 故填as。
8. injuries 考查名词及名词的数。由and前的Mre buildings可知此处用复数名词, 故填injuries。
9. named 考查过去分词。句中a Chinese scientist和name是被动关系, 用过去分词, 故填named。
10. where 考查关系副词。设空处引导定语从句, 先行词是the directin, 关系词在定语从句中作地点状语, 指地震波从哪个方向过来, 用关系副词where引导, 故填where。