牛津译林版八年级英语上册单元速记•巧练Unit4【速记清单】(原卷版+解析)

这是一份牛津译林版八年级英语上册单元速记•巧练Unit4【速记清单】(原卷版+解析)，共54页。
Module1 Unit 4 Do it yourself 考点1instruction 1、Here are clear instructions. 这里有清楚的说明。(教材第42页)instruction 可数名词，意为“指示，说明”，通常用复数形式instructions.Eg. Always read the instructions before you start. 使用前务必阅读说明。【经典练】1．（2020秋·广东深圳·八年级校考期中）—How can I use the new washing machine? —You’d better read the________ carefully before you use it.A．magazinesB．instructionC．notebooks【写作佳句】（2020秋·广东深圳·八年级统考期中）It will help you know the car’s information if you follow its instructions.如果你按照它的指示去做，它会帮助你了解汽车的信息。考点2 had better意为“最好”2、You'd better get some tools. 你最好去拿些工具来。(教材第42页)'d better是 had better 的缩略形式。had better意为“最好”，后面必须跟动词原形。用于表示对别人的劝告、建议或表示一一种 愿望。Eg. You had better read the book. 你最好读一读这本书。【经典练】1.You look ill. You ________ stay at home and have a good rest.A．needB．had betterC．would likeD．are ready【写作佳句】— These days, I am eating a lot and l don’t take exercise, so I’ve put onfive pounds.—这些天，我吃得很多，又不锻炼，所以体重增加了五磅。考点3 No problem!没问题! (教材第42页)no problem 意为“没问题”，可用来表示同意或愉快地答应对方的请求。Eg. --- Could you post the letter for me? 请你帮我寄这封信好吗? ---No problem.没问题。---Can you help me?你能帮我吗? --- No problem.没问题。[拓展] No problem.还可以用于以下情境:①回答感谢，意为“不用谢，别客气”。Eg. ---Thank you very much. 非常感谢你。 ---No problem. 不用谢。②回答道歉，意为“没关系;没什么”。Eg. ---I' m sorry to keep you waiting too long. 对不起，让你久等了。 ---No problem.没关系。③表示有能力做某事，意为“没问题;不在话下”Eg. ---Can you finish the work in an hour? 你能在一小时之内完成这项 工作吗? ---No problem.没问题。【经典练】1．（2022秋·江苏盐城·八年级统考期中）—Please show me your health code on your Wechat or Alipay.— ______. Here it is.A．I’m not sureB．All the bestC．Of course notD．No problem【写作佳句】No problem. I will go to your home after breakfast.没问题。早餐后我会去你家。考点4 scissors 1、scissors 名词复数形式，意为“剪刀”， 因剪刀是由两部分构成的，故常用复数形式。若表示其数量应借助于名词pair.a pair of scissors一把剪刀two pairs of scissors两把剪刀[拓展]类似用法的单词还有：gasses (眼镜)，gloves(手套),shoes (鞋)trousers (裤子)等。【经典练】1．（2023春·八年级单元测试）This ________ is made of metal and plastic.A．pair of scissorsB．scissorsC．piece of scissors D． pair of scissor【写作佳句】（2023·天津河西·统考二模）The sheep farmers use the scissors to cut the wool off the sheep.养羊人用剪刀把羊毛从羊身上剪下。考点5 exactly “确切地，精确地”What's DIY exactly, Suzy? DIY确切地说是什么，苏西? (教材第43页)exactly 副词，意为“确切地，精确地”。其形容词为exact,意为“确切的，精确的”。Eg. Tell me exactly where Mary lives. 请确切地告诉我玛丽住在哪里。His answer is exactly right. 他的答案完全正确。It was difficult to tell her exact age.很难说出她确切的年龄。【经典练】1．（2022秋·江苏扬州·八年级统考期中）—What is going on with the traffic accident there?—Police find out ________ how the accident happened.A．nearlyB．mostlyC．exactlyD．really【写作佳句】Look up the word in the dictionary (字典), and you will know its meaning exactly.在字典里查单词，你将会知道它的确切意思。考点6 stand forIt stands for “do-it-yourself” . 它代表“自己动手做”。(教材第43页)stand for 意为“代表，象征”。Eg. PRC stands for People s Republic of China. PRC代表中华人民共和国。The dove stands for peace. 鸽子象征着和平。【经典练】1．（2023·福建泉州·统考三模）—What does IT ?—“Information Technology”.A．stand forB．look likeC．begin with【写作佳句】（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·统考一模）—I like the number “9” best, because I think it stands for “long lasting”.——我最喜欢数字“9”，因为我觉得它代表“长久”。考点7 decorateyou make, repair or decorate things yourself instead of paying someone to do it.....你自己制作、修补或装饰东西，而不是付钱让某人做这些(事情)。(教材第43页)decorate此处用作 及物动词，意为“装饰”。decorate sth.with...意为“用...装饰某物”。Eg. We usually decorate our walls and windows with paper cutting at the Spring Festival. 春节时，我们通常用剪纸来装饰我们的墙和窗户。[辨析] instead of与insteadEg. They went there on foot instead of by bus.他们没有坐公共汽车而是步行去的那里。Instead of studying, she surfed the Internet.她没有学习，而是上网了。It's too hot to walk. Instead, we'll go shopping.天太热了，不能去散步，我们打算改为去购物。If you have no cream, use milk instead.你如果没有奶油，用牛奶代替好了。[注意]instead of与instead可进行同义句转换。Eg. She went swimming instead of playing basketball. =She didn't play basketball. She went swimming instead. 她去游泳了，而没有打篮球。【经典练】1．I couldn’t finish ________ the house ________ your support.A．decorating; withB．to decorate; withC．decorating; withoutD．to decorate; without 【写作佳句】—I asked some workers to decorate my new house. But they hit a pipe and filled my room withwater.——我让一些工人装修我的新房子。但是他们撞坏了一根水管，我的房间灌满了水。考点8 something newI enjoy making something new.我喜欢制作新东西。( 教材第43页)形容词修饰复合不定代词要后置something new意为“新的事物”，其中something 是不定代词，new是形容词，形容词修饰something,anything，nothing等不定代词时要后置。Eg. There is something new in today s newspaper.今天的报纸上有些新鲜事。I have something important to tell you.我有重要的事情要告诉你。【经典练】1．（2020秋·广东珠海·八年级期末）— Dad, is there ________ in today’s China Daily?— Yes, President Xi will attend Macau’s 20th return anniversary celebration.A．anything newB．something newC．nothing newD．everything new【写作佳句】（2023·重庆江北·校考二模）Creativity is an important ability for anyone to create something new.创造力对任何人来说是一项重要的能力，它可以让人创造出新的东西。考点9 be crazy about意为“对...着迷”My cousin Andrew is crazy about DIY.我的表兄安德鲁对DIY着迷。(教材第44 页)crazy 此处用作形容词，意为“着迷的，狂热的，发疯的”。be crazy about意为“对...着迷”，其中about是介词，后面跟名词、代词或动名词。Eg. Tom is crazy about music.汤姆对音乐很着迷。【经典练】1．Jenny is a super fan of Li Bai and she ________ reading all his poems.A．is surprised atB．is crazy aboutC．is friendly to【写作佳句】（2023·福建三明·统考二模）I am crazy about the world’s first two-seater flying car in Chongqing. I can’t wait to watch it.我对重庆的世界首款双座飞行汽车非常着迷，迫不及待想要看它。考点10 once “曾经，一度”He once tried to put in a brighter light in his bedroom, but he made a mistake.他曾经试图在他的卧室里安装一盏更亮的灯，但是他犯了个错误。(教材第44 页)（1） once 此处用作副词，意为“曾经，一度”，常与过去时连用，位于连系动词be、助动词或情态动词之后，行为动词之前。当表示过去的经验或经历时，也可放在句首作状语。 Eg. This film was once very popular, but nobody see sit now. 这部影片曾经很受欢迎，可是现在没有人看它了。I once lived in the south of China.我曾经住在中国的南方。Once he worked in the factory.他从前在那家工厂工作过。[拓展] once 作副词，还可意为“一次;一回”。Eg. We go to see my grandparents once a week. 我们每周去看望爷爷奶奶一次。（2）put in意为“安装” Eg. They will put in new windows.他们要安装新窗户。（3）make a mistake意为 “犯错误;弄错”，还可表示为make mistakes。mistake在此结构中是可数名词，意为“错误，失误”。表示“....方面犯错误”用make mistakes/a mistake ...Eg. He made many mistakes in his spelling.他在拼写方面犯了许多错误。[拓展] by mistake意为“错误地，无意地”。Eg. Sorry, I took your bag by mistake.对不起，我错拿了你的包。【经典练】1．—________ do you play computer games?—Once a week.A．How longB．How oldC．How oftenD．How many【写作佳句】（2023·福建厦门·统考一模）Oncewe have passed the exam, we’ll be able to relax.一旦我们通过了考试，我们就可以放松了。考点11 put upAnother time, he wanted to put up a picture on his bedroom wall, but he hit a pipe and filled the room with water.还有一次，他想在他的卧室的墙上挂幅画，但是他敲裂了水管，弄得房间里到处都是水。(教材第44 页)（1）put up动词短语， 意为“挂起，张贴，举起，搭建”。此短语为“动词+副词”结构，当名词作宾语时，名词可位于put与up之间，也可位于up之后;当人称代词作宾语时，人称代词只能位于put与up之间。Eg. Please put up the picture on the wall. 请把这幅画挂到墙上。Please put up your hands. 请举起你们的手。My father put up a tent in front of the garden. 我爸爸在花园前面搭了个帐篷。[拓展] put 的常见短语：put on穿上，戴上，上演 put out伸出，扑灭put away收起来，收好put off推迟，拖延（2）fill..with... 意为“用...填充...”。其中fill用作及物动词，意为“使充满”。Eg. He filled the glass with water. 他把玻璃杯里装满了水。[拓展] be filled with相当于be full of，意为“装满...充满...”Eg. The schoolbag is filled with books.=The schoolbag is full of books.书包里装满了书。【经典练】1．Alan, please help me ________ the tent if you know how to do it.A．put upB．put offC．put onD．put away【写作佳句】Every weekend Daniel likes to put up a tent by a small river and go fishing with his family.每个周末丹尼尔都喜欢在一条小河旁搭个帐篷，和家人一起去钓鱼。考点12 not only..but also... Now the living room has not only blue walls but also a blue ceiling and floor.现在客厅里不仅墙壁是蓝色的，连天花板和地板也是蓝色的。(教材第44页)not only..but also... “不仅...”用于连接两个并列成分，着重强调后者，其中的also通常可省略。Eg. The singer not only sings well, but also dances beautifully. 这个歌手不仅歌唱得好，而且舞也跳得美。Jim is good at not only singing but also dancing. 吉姆不仅擅长唱歌，而且擅长跳舞。[拓展]①not only...but also...连接两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词的形式与其靠近的主语保持一致，即遵循“就近原则”。Eg. Not only you but also he has to leave now. 不只是你，他现在也得离开。②若not only..but als...连接两个句子，且not only...位于句首时，not only之后的句子要使用部分倒装语序。Eg. Not only did I go to Beijing, but also I went to Paris. 我不但去过北京，还去过巴黎。③not only..but also..连接两个并列成分作句子的主语变为否定句时，应将not only...but also...换成neither...no... (既... ) ,谓语动词的形式仍然遵循“就近原则”。Eg. Not only you but also I am interested in playing computer games. 不仅你对玩电脑游戏感兴趣，我也感兴趣。Neither you nor I am interested in playing computer games. 你和我都对玩电脑游戏不感兴趣。【经典练】1．—_____ Jane ____ Mia has passed the exam.—Oh, both of them are great.A．Neither; norB．Both; andC．Either; orD．Not only; but also【写作佳句】Nowadays, Tiktok (抖音) is widely used. Not only the young but also the old are interested in it.如今，抖音被广泛使用。不仅年轻人对它感兴趣，老年人也对此感兴趣。考点13 above When I wanted a shelf above my bed, he said, ' No problem!"当我想要在我的床上方安装一个架子时,他说:“没问题!"(教材第44页)[辨析] above, over与on三个词都可意为“在...之上”。Above 两物体不接触，多用于不垂直的“上方”，反义词是belowOver 两物体不接触，多用于垂直的“正上方”，与under互为反义词On 一物体在另一物体的表面上，与物体表面接触【经典练】1．（2023春·福建龙岩·八年级统考期末）Though the temperature is up to ________ 40℃, the traffic police are still working outside.A．aboveB．underC．beside【写作佳句】（2023春·江苏宿迁·八年级统考期末）—I think they need many things, but above all, they need love from their parents.—我认为他们需要许多东西，但最重要的是他们需要来自父母的爱。考点14 the otherThey couldn't stay there because one end of the shelf was much higher than the other!它们无法摆在上面，因为架子的一端比另一端高得多!(教材第44页)（1）one...the other..意为“ (两者中的)一个 ...另一个- ...”.Eg. I have two brothers. One is a teacher and the other is doctor.我有两个哥哥。一个是老师，另一个是医生。（2）shelf 可数名词，意为“(橱柜或书架等的)架子，搁板”,其复数形式为shelves。Eg. There' re many shelves in the room.房间里有许多架子。【经典练】1．—I don’t like the color of the dress. Can I try ________?—Sorry, we only have the color. Could you have a look at ________ dresses?A．other; otherB．another; othersC．the other; othersD．another; other【写作佳句】Not long ago, our country sent two small satellites into space. Oneweighed 204 kilos, and the other weighed 104 kilos.不久前，我国向太空发射了两颗小型卫星。一个重达204公斤，另一个重达104公斤。考点15 advise I bought some books about DIY for him and I also advised him to take a course in DIY.我给他买了些关于DIY的书，我也建议他学习DIY课程。(教材第44页)advise 及物动词，意为“建议”,其用法如下：①advise doing sth.“建议做某事”Eg. He advised leaving early. 他建议早点儿动身。②advise sb. ( not ) to do sth. “建议某人(不要)做某事”Eg. He advised me to buy a computer. 他建议我买台电脑。③advise sb. against doing sth. “劝告某人不要做某事”Eg. He advised her against going out at night. 他劝她晚上不要出去。[拓展] advice 不可数名词，意为“建议:劝告，Eg. Please give me some advice.请给我提一些建议【经典练】1．（2020秋·广东江门·八年级统考期中）Parents often ________their kids ________ internet friends because the kids may be in danger.A．advice；meetB．advice；to meetC．advise；meetD．advise；not to meet【写作佳句】（2022秋·河北·八年级校联考期末）Evans caught a cold. His friend advised him to drink more water.埃文斯感冒了。他的朋友建议他多喝水。考点16 already “已经”But this just made him angry ----he says he already knows everything about it但这只能使他生气 他说他对DIY已经无所不知了。(教材第44 页)already 副词，意为“已经”，一般用于肯定句中，用于疑问句时表示惊讶的语气。Eg. They continued working, though it was already midnight.虽然已是午夜，但他们还在继续工作。[拓展] yet 副词，意为“尚，还”,常用于否定句或疑问句中。Eg. It isn't time to go yet.还没到走的时候。【经典练】1．I really need to take more exercise because I have already ________ weight.A．put downB．put onC．put offD．put away考点17 attendSo instead,l am reading all the books myself and attending lessons every Saturday. 因此，反倒是我自己在读所有的这些书，并且每周六去去上课。(教材第44页)attend此处用作及物动间意为“经常去，定期”(某处)”。Eg. We'd like as many people as possible to attend. 我们希望出席的人越多越好。1、We add do not/don't in front of a verb when we want to tell people not to do something.当我们想告诉人们不要做某事时，我们在动词前面加do not或don't。(教材第47 页)tell sb. to do sth.意为“告诉某人做某事”，其否定形式是tell sb. not to do sth,意为“告诉某人不要做某事”Eg. Tell him not to come tomorrow. 告诉他明天别来。[拓展]①tell 后常跟双宾语，即tell sb. sth. =-tell sth. To sb.，意为“告诉某人某事”Eg. Did you tell her the news? = Did you tell the news to her? 你把这个消息告诉她了吗?②有关tell的常用短语tell sb. about sth. 告诉某人关于某事Tell a story讲故事Tell a joke讲笑话Tell a lie说谎Tell the truth说实话【经典练】1．—Frank is from America but speaks perfect Chinese. —So he does. He has learned Chinese by himself since he ________ college.A．is attendingB．has attendedC．attendedD．attends【写作佳句】（2023·河北衡水·统考二模）Linda and Dave are busy practicing running these days. They will attend the sports meeting.琳达和戴夫这几天正忙于练习跑步。他们将参加运动会。考点18 give up Please don’t give up请不要放弃。(教材第47页)give up 意为“放弃”，后接名词、代词或动名后接 人称代词作宾语时，词作宾语。give up人称代词要放在give与up之间。Eg. Tom isn't good at maths, but he won't give it up. 汤姆不擅长数学，但他不会放弃。To keep healthy, you should give up smoking. 为了保持健康，你应该戒烟。【经典练】1．—There are only six days before the dancing competition. Are you ready?—No, but I won’t ________. I still practice every day.A．take inB．give upC．wake up【写作佳句】If you want to keep fit, you must give up smoking.如果你想保持健康，你就必须戒烟。考点19 be late for意为“迟到”You had better not be late for school. 你最好上学不要迟到。(教材第48页)be late for意为“迟到”。Eg. Please don't be late for shoo! 请不要上学迟到!She hates to be late for work. 她不喜欢上班迟到。【经典练】1．You had better wake up Tom at 6:30, ________ he will be late for the match.A．butB．orC．so【写作佳句】You will make your teacher unhappy. That’s why you mustn’t be late for school.你会使老师不开心的。那就是为什么你上学不准迟到。考点20 Withoutbegin your work without reading them没有阅读就开始你的工作(救材第48页)Without 介词，意为“没有，无”，后可接名词、代词或动名词，反义词是with. Eg. Man can't live without water. 没有水人类就无法生存。She entered the room without knocking on/at the door. 她没敲门就进了房间。【经典练】1．They are so smart that they solve the problem ________.A．easyB．with difficultyC．without difficulty【写作佳句】（2022秋·云南昆明·八年级统考期末）We will bring Ms. Steen to the party without calling her so thatshe can be surprised.我们不给斯蒂恩女士打电话就带她来参加聚会，这样她就能惊喜了。考点21 SometimesSometimes it'll take time to do a DIY job.有时做项DIY工作会花费时间。(教材第48页)[辨析] sometimes, some times, sometime与sometimeEg. Sometimes I go to school by bike.我有时骑自行车去上学。We have met some times before.我们之前见过几次面。Maybe we'll meet sometime next year.或许明年某个时候我们会见面。It will take me some time to read this book.读这本书要花费我一些时间。[助记]some time, sometime, some times与sometimes分开“一段(时间)”，相聚“某个时候”，“几次”分开带s，“有时”相聚加S。【经典练】1．We usually have dinner at home in the evening, but we ________ eat out.A．sometimesB．seldomC．neverD．always【写作佳句】（2022秋·辽宁沈阳·八年级统考期中）Sometimes we may be unaware of some computers, because they aretiny .有时我们可能不知道一些计算机，因为它们很微小。考点22 mixMix them together.把它们混合在一起。( 教材第49页)mix此处用作及物动词， 意为“混合”。mix...together“把....混合在 一起” ，mix up“混合在-起，弄乱”，mix... with... 把... 混合Eg. Mix the butter and sugar together. 把黄油和糖混合在一起。 Someone mixed up all the forms. 有人把所有的表格都弄乱了。We can't mix oil with water. 我们不能把油和水混合起来。【经典练】1．（2022秋·陕西榆林·八年级榆林市第一中学分校校考期末）Finally, you need to put all the fruit in the bowl and ________.A．turn up themB．cut them upC．mix it upD．look it up【写作佳句】I have mixed up your words so I don’t know what to do next.我把你的话弄混淆了，因此不知道下一步该怎么做了。考点23 add Add some salad cream if you like.你如果喜欢可以加些沙拉奶油。(教材第49页)add 及物动词，意为“增加，补充”。add..to...把...添加到...里add to“增加，add up to“总计为”Eg. Please add some salt to the soup.请往汤里加些盐。If you add 4 to 5,you get 9. 4加5等于9。The bad weather added to our difficulties.糟糕的天气增加了我们的困难。These numbers add up to 100.这些数字的总数是100。【经典练】1．（2022秋·陕西榆林·八年级榆林市第一中学分校校考期末）Don’t ________ too much salt ________ the soup. It’s salty enough.A．add; toB．put; inC．pour; intoD．place; on【写作佳句】Remember to add some salt to the noodles.记得在面条里加点盐。考点24 For exampleFor example, mixing red apples, green(5) pears, purple grapes and (6) oranges together will make the salad look very colourful.例如，把红色的苹果，绿色的(5) 梨，紫色的葡萄和(6)橘子混合在一起,这样会使沙拉看起来非常鲜艳。(教材第50页)[辨析] for example与such as两者都意为“例如”，但用法上有区别。for example常只列举同类人或事物中的一个例子， 在句中作插入语.可置于句首、句中或句末。such as 常用于列举同类人或事物中的几个例子，置于被列举的事物与前面的名词之间。Eg. He, for example, is a good student. 例如，他就是个好学生。He knows four languages, such as Chinese and English. 他懂得四种语言，如汉语和英语。【经典练】1．（2021秋·广东深圳·八年级红岭中学校考期末）—Do you know how the ________ of 3D painting helps protect the environment?—Oh, well. Basically it’s functional. ________, it can reduce waste.A．instruction; In the endB．invitation; Such asC．invention; For example【写作佳句】（2023·安徽合肥·合肥市庐阳中学校考三模）There are a lot of ways to protect the environment. For example, we can take our own bags instead of asking for plastic bags when shopping.有很多方法可以保护环境。例如，我们可以自己带袋子，而不是在购物时要塑料袋。考点25 preparePrepare the fruit salad (7) just before you are going to eat it. (7)在你打算吃之前准备水果沙拉。(教材第50页)prepare 此处为及物动词，意为“准备”，后接名词、代词或动词不定式作宾语。prepare还可作不及物动词，主要有以下用法：（1）prepare sth. 准备某事Eg. Our English teacher was preparing the lessons when I came into the office. 当我进办公室时，我们的英语老师正在备课。（2）prepare sth. for sb. 为某人准备某物Eg. She prepared a nice breakfast for us. 她为我们准备了可口的早餐。（3）prepare to do sth. 准备做某事，相当于ready to do sth.oEg. They were preparing to Cross the river when it began to rain. 他们正准备过河，这时天开始下雨了。（4）prepare for sth.为某事做准备，相当于get ready forEg. The students are preparing for the exam.学生们正在准备考试。【经典练】1．（2023秋·福建龙岩·八年级统考期末）—Hi, Jenny. I didn’t see you at the party last night.—I ________ for today’s English test at that time.A．preparedB．will prepareC．was preparing【写作佳句】She cut herself while shewas preparing lunch.—她在准备午饭时割伤了自己。考点26 leave...when you leave it (9) in the air for some time.当你把它放置(9) 在空气中一段时间时..... (教材第50页)leave用作及物动词，意为“使处于某种状态”，常接形容词、副词、介词短语、现在分词或过去分词作宾语补足语。Eg. Leave the door open.让门开着吧。I'll just leave the engine running when I go in.我进去时不会关闭引擎。[拓展]①leave a message“留口信”Eg. I left a message on your answering machine. 我在你的电话应答机上留言了。②leave..for... 意为离开...去...Eg. My father left Beijing for Shanghai yesterday. 我爸爸昨天离开北京去了上海。③leave sb. sth.意为“把某物留给某人”。Eg. His parents died, only leaving him a house. 他的父母去世了，只留给他一幢房子。④leave用作不及物动词，意为“离开”。Eg. The train will leave at six tomorrow morning. 火车明早六点出发。[辨析] leave 与forgetleave用作及物动词，可意为“忘了带,丢下”，常用结构为“leave sb./sth.+地点状语”。而forget后跟名词或动词不定式，意为“忘记...”指大脑不能记起或回忆不起某事。Eg. Jim forgot to take the money with him. He left the wallet on the table. 吉姆忘记带钱了，他把钱包落在了桌子上。【经典练】1．When you ________ the office, you’d better ________ that all the lights are turned off.A．leave; make sureB．leave; to make sureC．will leave; make sure   D．will leave; to make sure【写作佳句】（2023·云南·统考中考真题）It’s a good habit to turn off the lights when you leave a room.离开房间时关灯是个好习惯。考点27 stopCan we stop cleaning the house and make some food? 我们可以停止打扫房子去做些食物吗? (教材第50页)[辨析] stop doingsth与stop to do sth.stop doing sth.“停止做某事”，表示停止正在做的事情。stop to do sth. “停下来去做某事”，表示停止正在做的事情而去做动词不定式所表示的事情。Eg. Stop talking, please. Let's sing an English song. 请不要说话了。让我们唱首英文歌吧。We are tired. Let's stop to have a rest. 我们累了。让我们停下来歇会儿吧。【经典练】1．（2022秋·江苏盐城·八年级统考期中）You look so tired. You’d better ________ some music to relax.A．to stop to listen toB．to stop listening toC．stop to listen toD．stop listening【写作佳句】（2022·江苏宿迁·统考中考真题）Yesterday, Lin Tao’s speech on how to be a good volunteer wassowonderful that we couldn’t stop cheering for him.昨天，林涛关于如何做好志愿者的演讲精彩到让我们忍不住为他欢呼。考点28 decide... so I decided to make her a birthday card by myself. ...因此我决定自己为她制作一张生日卡片。(教材第52页)decide此处用作及 物动词，意为“决定”，后跟名词、代词、动词不定式或从句等。其名词形式为decision.Eg. She decided to live in London.她决定住在伦敦。Let's first decide where we should go.咱们先决定一下应该到什么地方去吧。辨析 decide与make up one's mind①decide指经过思考、询问或讨论后做出判断或决定去做某事。Eg. She decided to catch up with others.她决定赶上其他人。②make up one's mind意为“下定决心做某事”,表示不再犹豫不决。Eg. She made up her mind to work hard.她决心努力工作。【经典练】1．The family decided ______ a picnic in the park at the weekend.A．haveB．havingC．to have【写作佳句】They are pleased with our products, and they decide to buy more.他们对我们的产品很满意，决定多买一些。考点29 go wrong Lots of tings went wrong during that time在那段时间，许多事情出错了。(教材第52页)go wrong 意为“弄错犯错(机器)出故障”。wrong此处用作副词，意为“错误地，不对”。Eg. The television often goes wrong.这台电视机经常出故障。If you read the instructions carefully, you will see where you went wrong.如果仔细阅读说明书，你就会知道你错在哪儿了。[拓展] wrong 还可用作形容词，意为“错误的，不正确的”.其反义词为right或correct Eg. He went to the wrong room.他走错了房间。【经典练】1．（2021秋·江苏常州·八年级校考期中）It’s an important task. You must ________ not to let something ________.A．keep it secret; go wronglyB．keep it secret; go badlyC．keep it secret; go wrongD．keep it secretly; go wrong【写作佳句】（2021秋·江苏扬州·八年级统考期末）The Internet will go wrong if ten million of people download（下载）programmes at the same time.如果数百万人同时下载节目，互联网就会出错。考点30 cut outI also cut out a picture of colourful balloons and stuck it on the cover.我还剪了-张彩色的气球图画 ,把它粘贴在封面上。(教材第52页)（1）cut out意为“剪出” ,常表示剪出某种形状，该短语是“动词+副词”结构，当名词作宾语时，名词放于cut与out之间或out后都可以;但当人称代词作宾语时，人称代词只能放于cut与out之间。Eg. The children are cutting out some square孩子们正在剪出一些正方形。[拓展] cut的常见短语:cut up切碎cut down减少 cut..into.把.切....cut in插嘴 cut off切掉（2）stick此处用作动词， 意为“粘住，粘贴”，过去式为stuck。stick sth. on/to sth. 把某物粘到某物上。Eg. Please stick the stamp on the envelope.假榭只请把邮票贴到信封上。[拓展] stick 作动词时，还意为“刺，戳，插"。Eg. Tom is sticking a pin into a board.汤姆正把一枚大头针插入木板。（3）cover此处用作可数名词， 意为“封面;盖子，罩”。Eg. The book needs a new cover.这本书需要一个新封面。A dust cover hung over the painting.这幅画上面挂着防尘罩。【经典练】1．（2022春·河北保定·八年级统考期末）—My phone is too slow.—Why not ________ some useless apps or photos?A．fix upB．look outC．cut outD．give away【写作佳句】（2021·江苏南通·统考中考真题）—Honey, could you help me cut out the picture of colorful balloons from the paper?—亲爱的，你能帮我从纸上剪下彩色气球的图片吗？考点31 completeWhen I completed the card, there was paint on everything: ....当我完成这张卡片时，在所有的东西上都有颜料: .... (教材第52页)complete及物动词,意为“完成”,与finish同义。Eg. When did he complete it?他是什么时候完成它的?The pupil completed his homework early in the morning. 这个学生上午很早就完成了家庭作业。[拓展] complete 还可用作形容词,意为“完整的;整个的”。Eg. His answer is complete.他的回答是完整的。Please tell me your complete address.请告诉我你的地址全称。【经典练】1．（2023春·河北石家庄·八年级统考期末）Hearing the great scientist’s sudden death, Bob was ________ shocked.A．quicklyB．heavilyC．completelyD．loudly【写作佳句】When the natural parkis completed , it will be a good place for people to relax.自然公园建成后，将是人们放松的好地方。入一．祈使句祈使句当我们向他人发出命令，提出要求或建议时，常使用祈使句。祈使句的祝愿时you（听话人），通常不明确表示出来。※（1）有的祈使句在意思明确的情况下，动词可省略。 This way,please.=Go this way, please.有些祈使句可用No开头，用来表示禁止。 No smoking!禁止吸烟！为了使祈使句听来比较客气，委婉，除了用please外，句末还可用will you。 Read the text,will you?读一下这篇文章，好吗？在祈使句的前面加上do可以加强语气，有make sure(一定，务必)的意思。 Do remember to call me.祈使句的答句常用一般将来时。 --Don’t smoke here. --Sorry,I won’t.语法二：should 和had better1、should情态动词，意为“应该，应当”。用来表示劝告或提建议，没有人称和数的变化，其后接动词原形，否定形式为: shouldn't+动词原形。Eg. He should work harder.他应该更加努力工作。You should help your mother with the housework.你应该帮你母亲做家务。You should go there at once.你应该立刻去那儿。[拓展] should的用法:①should表示要求、命令。Eg. Passengers should proceed Gate12.乘客请前往12号登机口登机。②should表示推测。Eg. His backpack should be in the classroom.他的背包应该在教室里。2、had better意为“最好”，没有人称、数和时态的变化，可简写为“'d better"，其后接动词原形(不带to的不定式)。可用于提出建议、劝告或表示种愿望。含有“应该做”之意,不十分客气，所以一般只用于对晚辈或平辈,不用于对长辈。had better的两种形式：①肯定形式: had better +动词原形, 意为“最好做....”。Eg. You'd better go to hospital at once. 你最好立即去医院。②否定形式: had better+ not+动词原形，意为“最好不做....”Eg. You had better not miss the last bus. 你最好不要错过末班公共汽车。单元话题写作DIY是英文Do It Yourself的缩写，译为“自己动手做”。简言之，就是“亲力亲为”，原本是指不依赖或聘用专业的工匠，利用适当的工具和材料，自己来进行居家住宅的修缮工作。现在DIY概念不断扩大化，演变成了一种以休闲、发挥个人创意或培养爱好为目的的社会风尚。那么怎么样写好有关DIY的文章呢？首先我们要做到语言准确、简洁、有条理，符合逻辑，思路清晰，让读者一目了然。在写作中要注意以下事项：第一，对于所要描述的物品有较深刻的认识和了解，头脑中要像放幻灯片一样把材料和制作流程进行一次形象的再现；第二，列出材料表，并注明各种材料的量；第三，列出写作中需要的关键词汇和句型。在列举句型时尽量考虑到复合句、简单句、长句和短句有机结合，富于变化，使文章生动。【常用词汇】instruction指示tool工具repair修补advise建议,忠告,劝告had better最好 by oneself独自make a mistake犯错误with one’s help在某人的帮助下tidy up收拾,整理go wrong弄错;犯错;(机器)出故障be crazy about对……着迷【常用句型】I decided to...,and then I put...When I read...,I hope...When you do DIY,you make,repair things or decorate things by yourself instead of paying someone to do it.Sometimes,it takes a long time to do a DIY job.You’d better be patient.Now the living room has not only blue walls but also a blue ceiling and floor.Books couldn’t stay here because one end of the shelf was much higher than the other.We had fun working together.教材中出现的相关句型：1．First，pick a piece of bread.Then put some tomato sauce on it.首先，拿一片面包。然后往上面放一些番茄酱。2．I decided to...by myself.我决定亲自……3．I...because... 我……因为……4．We had fun working together.我们一起工作很愉快。5．Finally/In the end，... 最后，……其他拓展句型：1．I need some paper，glue and a pair of scissors.我需要一些纸、胶水和一把剪刀。2．He loves to repair things and decorate his house.他喜欢修理东西和装饰他的房子。3．He once tried to put in a brighter light in his bedroom，but he made a mistake.他曾经尝试在卧室安装一盏更亮的灯，但是他犯了一个错误。4．Cut out pieces of card with a pair of scissors.用剪刀剪出几张卡片。【典型例题】假设暑假期间,你在美国度假。请根据下面的要点提示,写一篇英语短文,向当地的朋友介绍怎样做西瓜冷饮。要点:1.所需材料:一些西瓜、一杯橘汁、三勺糖、冰激凌;2.制作过程:先切西瓜,再将西瓜放入冰箱20至30分钟,接着将其他材料倒入混合搅拌,最后放进玻璃杯。【审题思路】1.审人称:本文主要是向别人介绍如何制作西瓜冷饮,应以第二人称为主。2.审时态:本文是关于西瓜冷饮的做法说明,应用一般现在时。3.注意事项:(1)介绍制作步骤时,可适当使用连接词,使文章条理清晰;(2)适当使用本单元所学的祈使句,使文章语言简洁明了。【写作提纲】引出话题:...a watermelon cooler具体介绍材料:watermelon,orange juice...制作步骤:First of all...Then...结尾点题:...enjoy it【优秀范文】Many of you must want something cold and tasty to drink in summer.Now you can DIY some,for example,a watermelon cooler.To make a watermelon cooler,you need some watermelon,a cup of orange juice and three spoons of sugar.First of all,cut the watermelon into small pieces.Then put them into a fridge and take them out 20 to 30 minutes later.And then mix them together with the orange juice and sugar.To make the cooler nicer,you can add some ice cream in it.Now,it is finished.Put it in a glass and enjoy it!昨天下午,你妈妈出门购物,没有时间做晚饭,于是你自己动手制作了一份简单的三明治。请根据下面的提示,以“My first DIY” 为题,写一篇英语短文。提示:1.过程:切开面包,放上番茄酱,夹上火腿与蔬菜;2.感受:这是第一次……注意:1.词数80左右,开头已给出,不计入总词数;2.可适当添加内容以使行文连贯。MyfirstDIYMy mother went out for shopping yesterday afternoon.She didn’t have much time to cook dinner for me.I decided to make a sandwich for dinner by myself.First,I cut the bread into pieces.Then I put some tomato sauce on a piece of bread.Next I put some ham and vegetables on it.In the end,I put another piece of bread on the top of it and got a wonderful sandwich.It took about 15 minutes to finish.I made a mistake when I read the instructions on the food bag.  After that I felt excited and had a good time having my sandwich and drinking coffee.This was the first time I cooked dinner for myself.I hope I will learn a lot about cooking meals in the future. 【必备短语】1 had better 最好2 stand for 代表；象征3 instead of 而不是，代替4 make some paper roses 制作纸玫瑰5 a pair of scissors 一把剪刀6 be crazy about 对……着迷7 put in 安装8 make a mistake 犯错误9 fill…with… 用……填装10 paint it blue 把它涂成蓝色11 not only…but (also) 不仅……而且……12 cut…into 把……切成13 for example 例如14 next door 在隔壁15 tidy up 整理好16 keep it secret 保密17 keep doing sth. 反复做某事18 in the end 最后【核心句型】1 Here are clear instruction. 这儿有清楚的指示、2 You’d better get some tools. 你最好拿一些工具3 When you do DIY, you make, repair of decorate things yourself instead of paying someone to do it. 当你‘自己动手做’的时候，你自己做，修理或装饰东西，而不是付钱给别人做。4 Now the living room has not only blue walls but also a blue ceiling and floor. 现在起居室不仅是蓝色，连天花板和地板也是蓝色。5 They couldn’t stay there because one end of the shelf was much higher than the other! 它们不能呆在那儿，因为架子的一端比另一端高！6 Don’t paint the cat. 不要给猫涂色7 Cut some of the larger fruit into small pieces. 把一些较大的水果切成小块状。8 Let’s make some sandwiches. 让我们制作一些三明治9 I’m certain that I can fix it myself. 我相信我自己能修理。10 We had fun working together. 我们在一起工作很愉快。【重点语法】一、 祈使句定义：用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句.用客气的语气表示祈使句时，可在句首或句尾加上please，但如果在句尾加please，那在please之前一定要加一个逗号“，”。 　　祈使句因对象（即主语）是第二人称，所以通常都省略。祈使句的动词都为一般现在时，句末则使用句号来表示结束。例： 　　Go and wash your hands. （去洗你的手。——命令） 　　Be quiet, please.（Please be quiet.） （请安静。——请求） 　　Be kind to our sister. （对姊妹要和善。——劝告） 　　Watch your steps. （走路小心。——警告） 　　Look out！Danger！ （小心！危险！——强烈警告，已如感叹句） 　　Keep off the grass. （勿践草坪。——禁止） No parking. （禁止停车。——禁止） 表现形式 ●肯定结构: 1. Do型(即:动词原形(+宾语)+其它成分)。Put the boxes in the small room.把那些盒子放到那个小房间里。2. Be型(即:Be + 表语(名词或形容词)+其它成分)。 Be a good boy! 要做一个好孩子! 3. Let型(即:Let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分)。 Let me help you. 让我来帮你。 ●否定结构: 通常情况下在句首加上Don’t或Never 1. Do型和Be型的否定式都是在句首加don't构成。 Don't forget me! 不要忘记我! Don’t say that again!别再那样说了！Don't be late for school! 上学不要迟到! Don’t be careless.不要粗心。 2. Let型的否定式有两种:“Don't + let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分”和“Let + 宾语 + not + 动词原形 + 其它成分”。 Don't let him go. / Let him not go. 别让他走。 3. 有些可用no开头,用来表示禁止性的祈使句。 No smoking! 禁止吸烟!No fishing! 禁止钓鱼! NO PHOTOS!禁止拍照！二、should 和 had better（一）should 表示‘应当，应该’后接动词原形should用来提出建议和忠告，后边加动词原形，否定句直接在should后边加not.例如: I think you should eat less junk food.我认为你应该少吃垃圾食品。She drives a lot and she seldom walks. So I think she should walk a lot.她经常开车，很少走路。所以我认为她应该多走路。Students shouldn't spend too much time playing computer games.学生们不应当花太多的时间玩计算机游戏。（二）had better意为‘最好，应该’后接动词原型，否定形式：had better not do sth.1. had better的基本用法特点其意为“最好”、“应该”，后接动词原形，与情态动词should用法相似，其中的had通常缩略为‘d。如:You'd better get some sleep. 你最好去睡一会 儿。We had better get there before it rains. 我们最好在下雨前就到达那里。2.had better否定式构成否定式时，通常将not置于had better 之后(而不是had之后);如:I'd better not disturb him. 我最好别去打扰他。注意：(1) had better 用于提出建议或请求时，并不是一个很客气委婉的表达，它暗示对方有义务去做某事，因此通常用于长辈对晚辈或上级对下级等，而不宜反过来用。Unit4核心话题自己动手重点词汇instruction ，tool ，glue ，rope， scissors ，tape ，DIY ，exactly ，repair ，rose.ect重点短语had better最好stand for代表;象征decorate sth装饰某物instead of而不是,代替pay sb to do sth付钱给某人做某事make some paper roses制作一些纸玫瑰a pair of scissors一把剪刀重点句型1.You’d better get some tools.你最好先拿一些工具。2.When you do DIY,you make,repair or decorate things yourself instead of paying someone to do it.当你自己动手做的时候,你会自己制作、修理或者装饰这些东西,而不是付钱让别人去做。语法一、祈使句 二、情态动词should和had better写作“亲力亲为”instead of介词短语，意为“而不是,代替”后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语，一般置于句首或句中，否定of后的内容。instead副词，意为“反而，代替”常用于句首或句末，位于句首时其后常用逗号，肯定instead所在句的内容。sometimes 有时，不时  副词，表示动作发生的频 率，相当于at times 用how often提问some times几次,几倍time是可数名词，意为“次数,倍”用how many times提问sometime在某一时候副词，表示过去或将来一个不确切的时间用when提问some time一段时间其中time为不可数名词，意为“时间”用how long提问句式结构例句肯定句Do型：动词原形（+宾语）+其他成分。Have a seat here.这边坐。Be型：Be+n/adj+其他成分。Be a good child!要做一个好孩子！Let型：Let+宾语+动词原形+其他成分。Let me help you.让我来帮你。否定句Do型和Be型均在句首加Don’t构成。Don’t be late for school!上学不要迟到！Let型的否定形式有两种：Don’t+let+宾语+动词原形+其他成分。Let+宾语+not+动词原形+其他成分。Don’t let him go.=Let him not go.反义疑问句祈使句+will you/won’t you?Open the window,will you?Let us不包括听话者在内，指示对听话者说，反义疑问句的主语仍然为youLet us play with snow,will you?让我们玩雪，好吗？Let us play with snow,shall we?咱们玩雪吧，好吗？Let’s是表示第一人称的祈使句，包含说话者，所以反义疑问句的主语为we. Module1 Unit 4 Do it yourself 考点1instruction 1、Here are clear instructions.这里有清楚的说明。(教材第42页)instruction 可数名词，意为“指示，说明”，通常用复数形式instructions.Eg. Always read the instructions before you start.使用前务必阅读说明。【经典练】1．（2020秋·广东深圳·八年级校考期中）—How can I use the new washing machine? —You’d better read the________ carefully before you use it.A．magazinesB．instructionC．notebooks【答案】B【详解】句意：——我怎样才能使用这台新洗衣机？——在使用之前，你最好仔细阅读说明书。考查名词辨析。magazines杂志；instruction用法说明；notebooks笔记本。根据问句，可知提问者不会使用新洗衣机，所以空处指“说明书”，故选B。【写作佳句】（2020秋·广东深圳·八年级统考期中）It will help you know the car’s information if you follow its instructions.如果你按照它的指示去做，它会帮助你了解汽车的信息。考点2 had better意为“最好”2、You'd better get some tools.你最好去拿些工具来。(教材第42页)'d better是 had better 的缩略形式。had better意为“最好”，后面必须跟动词原形。用于表示对别人的劝告、建议或表示一一种 愿望。Eg. You had better read the book.你最好读一读这本书。【经典练】1.You look ill. You ________ stay at home and have a good rest.A．needB．had betterC．would likeD．are ready【答案】B【详解】句意：你看起来病了。你最好待在床上好好休息。考查情态动词。need需要；had better最好；would like想要；are ready准备好。根据“stay at home and have a good rest.”可知此处指劝解，用had better。故选B。【写作佳句】— These days, I am eating a lot and l don’t take exercise, so I’ve put onfive pounds.—这些天，我吃得很多，又不锻炼，所以体重增加了五磅。考点3 No problem!没问题! (教材第42页)no problem 意为“没问题”，可用来表示同意或愉快地答应对方的请求。Eg. --- Could you post the letter for me?请你帮我寄这封信好吗?---No problem.没问题。---Can you help me?你能帮我吗?--- No problem.没问题。[拓展] No problem.还可以用于以下情境:①回答感谢，意为“不用谢，别客气”。Eg. ---Thank you very much.非常感谢你。 ---No problem.不用谢。②回答道歉，意为“没关系;没什么”。Eg. ---I' m sorry to keep you waiting too long.对不起，让你久等了。 ---No problem.没关系。③表示有能力做某事，意为“没问题;不在话下”Eg. ---Can you finish the work in an hour?你能在一小时之内完成这项 工作吗? ---No problem.没问题。【经典练】1．（2022秋·江苏盐城·八年级统考期中）—Please show me your health code on your Wechat or Alipay.— ______. Here it is.A．I’m not sureB．All the bestC．Of course notD．No problem【答案】D【详解】句意： ——请您在微信或支付宝上出示您的健康码。——没问题。在这里。考查情景交际。I’m not sure我不确定；All the best愿一切都好；Of course not当然不；No problem没问题。根据“Here it is.”可知，同意出示了健康码，应回答“没问题”符合情景，故选D。【写作佳句】No problem. I will go to your home after breakfast.没问题。早餐后我会去你家。考点4 scissors 1、scissors 名词复数形式，意为“剪刀”， 因剪刀是由两部分构成的，故常用复数形式。若表示其数量应借助于名词pair.a pair of scissors一把剪刀two pairs of scissors两把剪刀[拓展]类似用法的单词还有：gasses (眼镜)，gloves(手套),shoes (鞋)trousers (裤子)等。【经典练】1．（2023春·八年级单元测试）This ________ is made of metal and plastic.A．pair of scissorsB．scissorsC．piece of scissors D． pair of scissor【答案】A【详解】句意：这把剪刀是由金属和塑料制成的。考查名词的单复数。根据“This”以及“is”可知，主语为单数，故排除B项。scissors“剪刀”，常用其复数形式，常见搭配是a/this pair of scissors“一/这把剪刀”，故排除D项。this piece of表示“这张/片……”，不能修饰scissors，故排除C项。故选A。【写作佳句】（2023·天津河西·统考二模）The sheep farmers use the scissors to cut the wool off the sheep.养羊人用剪刀把羊毛从羊身上剪下。考点5 exactly “确切地，精确地”What's DIY exactly, Suzy? DIY确切地说是什么，苏西? (教材第43页)exactly 副词，意为“确切地，精确地”。其形容词为exact,意为“确切的，精确的”。Eg. Tell me exactly where Mary lives.请确切地告诉我玛丽住在哪里。His answer is exactly right.他的答案完全正确。It was difficult to tell her exact age.很难说出她确切的年龄。【经典练】1．（2022秋·江苏扬州·八年级统考期中）—What is going on with the traffic accident there?—Police find out ________ how the accident happened.A．nearlyB．mostlyC．exactlyD．really【答案】C【详解】句意：——那里的交通事故是怎么回事？——警察确切地查明了事故是如何发生的。考查副词辨析。nearly几乎；mostly主要地；exactly准确地；really真地。根据“find out”可知，警察确切地查明了事故发生的原因，exactly符合语境。故选C。【写作佳句】Look up the word in the dictionary (字典), and you will know its meaning exactly.在字典里查单词，你将会知道它的确切意思。考点6 stand forIt stands for “do-it-yourself” . 它代表“自己动手做”。(教材第43页)stand for 意为“代表，象征”。Eg. PRC stands for People s Republic of China.PRC代表中华人民共和国。The dove stands for peace.鸽子象征着和平。【经典练】1．（2023·福建泉州·统考三模）—What does IT ?—“Information Technology”.A．stand forB．look likeC．begin with【答案】A【详解】句意：——IT代表什么？——“信息技术”。考查动词短语。stand for代表；look like看起来像；begin with以……开始。根据“ IT”及“Information Technology”可知，问句是问IT代表什么，故选A。【写作佳句】（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·统考一模）—I like the number “9” best, because I think it stands for “long lasting”.——我最喜欢数字“9”，因为我觉得它代表“长久”。考点7decorateyou make, repair or decorate things yourself instead of paying someone to do it.....你自己制作、修补或装饰东西，而不是付钱让某人做这些(事情)。(教材第43页)decorate此处用作 及物动词，意为“装饰”。decorate sth.with...意为“用...装饰某物”。Eg. We usually decorate our walls and windows with paper cutting at the Spring Festival. 春节时，我们通常用剪纸来装饰我们的墙和窗户。[辨析] instead of与insteadEg. They went there on foot instead of by bus.他们没有坐公共汽车而是步行去的那里。Instead of studying, she surfed the Internet.她没有学习，而是上网了。It's too hot to walk. Instead, we'll go shopping.天太热了，不能去散步，我们打算改为去购物。If you have no cream, use milk instead.你如果没有奶油，用牛奶代替好了。[注意]instead of与instead可进行同义句转换。Eg. She went swimming instead of playing basketball. =She didn't play basketball. She went swimming instead. 她去游泳了，而没有打篮球。【经典练】1．I couldn’t finish ________ the house ________ your support.A．decorating; withB．to decorate; withC．decorating; withoutD．to decorate; without 【答案】C【详解】句意：没有你的支持，我无法完成房子的装修。考查非谓语动词和介词辨析。根据finish doing sth.“完成做某事”可知，第一空要用动名词作宾语，排除B，D项；with有；without没有。根据“I couldn’t finish … the house … your support”可知，此处表示没有你的支持，without符合句意。故选C。【写作佳句】—I asked some workers to decorate my new house. But they hit a pipe and filled my room withwater.——我让一些工人装修我的新房子。但是他们撞坏了一根水管，我的房间灌满了水。考点8 something newI enjoy making something new.我喜欢制作新东西。( 教材第43页)形容词修饰复合不定代词要后置something new意为“新的事物”，其中something 是不定代词，new是形容词，形容词修饰something,anything，nothing等不定代词时要后置。Eg. There is something new in today s newspaper.今天的报纸上有些新鲜事。I have something important to tell you.我有重要的事情要告诉你。【经典练】1．（2020秋·广东珠海·八年级期末）— Dad, is there ________ in today’s China Daily?— Yes, President Xi will attend Macau’s 20th return anniversary celebration.A．anything newB．something newC．nothing newD．everything new【答案】A【详解】句意：——爸爸，今天的《中国日报》有什么新鲜事吗？——是的，习主席将出席澳门回归20周年庆典。考查不定代词。anything new任何新的东西，用于否定句和疑问句中；something new一些新的东西；nothing new没有新的东西；everything new一切新的东西。根据“is there...in today’s China Daily?”可知，这是疑问句，因此用anything new。故选A。【写作佳句】（2023·重庆江北·校考二模）Creativity is an important ability for anyone to create something new.创造力对任何人来说是一项重要的能力，它可以让人创造出新的东西。考点9 be crazy about意为“对...着迷”My cousin Andrew is crazy about DIY.我的表兄安德鲁对DIY着迷。(教材第44 页)crazy 此处用作形容词，意为“着迷的，狂热的，发疯的”。be crazy about意为“对...着迷”，其中about是介词，后面跟名词、代词或动名词。Eg. Tom is crazy about music.汤姆对音乐很着迷。【经典练】1．Jenny is a super fan of Li Bai and she ________ reading all his poems.A．is surprised atB．is crazy aboutC．is friendly to【答案】B【详解】句意：珍妮是李白的超级粉丝，她疯狂地读他所有的诗。考查形容词短语。is surprised at对……惊讶；is crazy about对……疯狂；is friendly to对……友好。根据“Jenny is a super fan of Li Bai”可知珍妮是李白的超级粉丝，所以她对李白的诗很痴迷，故选B。【写作佳句】（2023·福建三明·统考二模）I am crazy about the world’s first two-seater flying car in Chongqing. I can’t wait to watch it.我对重庆的世界首款双座飞行汽车非常着迷，迫不及待想要看它。考点10 once “曾经，一度”He once tried to put in a brighter light in his bedroom, but he made a mistake.他曾经试图在他的卧室里安装一盏更亮的灯，但是他犯了个错误。(教材第44 页)（1） once 此处用作副词，意为“曾经，一度”，常与过去时连用，位于连系动词be、助动词或情态动词之后，行为动词之前。当表示过去的经验或经历时，也可放在句首作状语。 Eg. This film was once very popular, but nobody see sit now.这部影片曾经很受欢迎，可是现在没有人看它了。I once lived in the south of China.我曾经住在中国的南方。Once he worked in the factory.他从前在那家工厂工作过。[拓展] once 作副词，还可意为“一次;一回”。Eg. We go to see my grandparents once a week.我们每周去看望爷爷奶奶一次。（2）put in意为“安装” Eg. They will put in new windows.他们要安装新窗户。（3）make a mistake意为 “犯错误;弄错”，还可表示为make mistakes。mistake在此结构中是可数名词，意为“错误，失误”。表示“....方面犯错误”用make mistakes/a mistake ...Eg. He made many mistakes in his spelling.他在拼写方面犯了许多错误。[拓展] by mistake意为“错误地，无意地”。Eg. Sorry, I took your bag by mistake.对不起，我错拿了你的包。【经典练】1．—________ do you play computer games?—Once a week.A．How longB．How oldC．How oftenD．How many【答案】C【详解】句意：——你多久玩一次电脑游戏？——每周一次。考查特殊疑问句。How long多长，多久，对长度或时间段提问；How old（年纪）多大，对年龄提问；How often多久一次，对频率提问；How many多少，对数量提问。根据“Once a week.”可知，每周一次，可推测此处是对频率提问，how often“多久一次”符合语境。故选C。【写作佳句】（2023·福建厦门·统考一模）Oncewe have passed the exam, we’ll be able to relax.一旦我们通过了考试，我们就可以放松了。考点11 put upAnother time, he wanted to put up a picture on his bedroom wall, but he hit a pipe and filled the room with water.还有一次，他想在他的卧室的墙上挂幅画，但是他敲裂了水管，弄得房间里到处都是水。(教材第44 页)（1）put up动词短语， 意为“挂起，张贴，举起，搭建”。此短语为“动词+副词”结构，当名词作宾语时，名词可位于put与up之间，也可位于up之后;当人称代词作宾语时，人称代词只能位于put与up之间。Eg. Please put up the picture on the wall.请把这幅画挂到墙上。Please put up your hands.请举起你们的手。My father put up a tent in front of the garden.我爸爸在花园前面搭了个帐篷。[拓展] put 的常见短语：put on穿上，戴上，上演 put out伸出，扑灭put away收起来，收好put off推迟，拖延（2）fill..with... 意为“用...填充...”。其中fill用作及物动词，意为“使充满”。Eg. He filled the glass with water.他把玻璃杯里装满了水。[拓展] be filled with相当于be full of，意为“装满...充满...”Eg. The schoolbag is filled with books.=The schoolbag is full of books.书包里装满了书。【经典练】1．Alan, please help me ________ the tent if you know how to do it.A．put upB．put offC．put onD．put away【答案】A【详解】句意：Alan，如果你知道怎么搭帐篷，请帮我搭一下。考查动词短语。put up搭起；put off推迟；put on穿上；put away放好。根据“the tent if you know how to do it”可知，此处表示搭起帐篷。故选A。【写作佳句】Every weekend Daniel likes to put up a tent by a small river and go fishing with his family.每个周末丹尼尔都喜欢在一条小河旁搭个帐篷，和家人一起去钓鱼。考点12 not only..but also... Now the living room has not only blue walls but also a blue ceiling and floor.现在客厅里不仅墙壁是蓝色的，连天花板和地板也是蓝色的。(教材第44页)not only..but also... “不仅...”用于连接两个并列成分，着重强调后者，其中的also通常可省略。Eg. The singer not only sings well, but also dances beautifully.这个歌手不仅歌唱得好，而且舞也跳得美。Jim is good at not only singing but also dancing.吉姆不仅擅长唱歌，而且擅长跳舞。[拓展]①not only...but also...连接两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词的形式与其靠近的主语保持一致，即遵循“就近原则”。Eg. Not only you but also he has to leave now.不只是你，他现在也得离开。②若not only..but als...连接两个句子，且not only...位于句首时，not only之后的句子要使用部分倒装语序。Eg. Not only did I go to Beijing, but also I went to Paris.我不但去过北京，还去过巴黎。③not only..but also..连接两个并列成分作句子的主语变为否定句时，应将not only...but also...换成neither...no... (既...) ,谓语动词的形式仍然遵循“就近原则”。Eg. Not only you but also I am interested in playing computer games.不仅你对玩电脑游戏感兴趣，我也感兴趣。Neither you nor I am interested in playing computer games.你和我都对玩电脑游戏不感兴趣。【经典练】1．—_____ Jane ____ Mia has passed the exam.—Oh, both of them are great.A．Neither; norB．Both; andC．Either; orD．Not only; but also【答案】D【详解】句意：——不仅Jane而且Mia也通过了考试。——噢，他们都很棒。考查连词辨析及主谓一致。Neither ... nor既不……，也不……；Both ... and两者都；Either ... or或者……，或者……；Not only ... but also不仅……，而且……。根据“both of them are great.”可知，句子表示他们都通过了考试，排除A、C选项；Both ... and连接两个主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；Not only ... but also连接两个主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则。由“has passed”可知，谓语动词是三单形式，因此连词用Not only ... but also。故选D。【写作佳句】Nowadays, Tiktok (抖音) is widely used. Not only the young but also the old are interested in it.如今，抖音被广泛使用。不仅年轻人对它感兴趣，老年人也对此感兴趣。考点13 above When I wanted a shelf above my bed, hesaid, ' No problem!"当我想要在我的床上方安装一个架子时,他说:“没问题!"(教材第44页)[辨析] above, over与on三个词都可意为“在...之上”。Above 两物体不接触，多用于不垂直的“上方”，反义词是belowOver 两物体不接触，多用于垂直的“正上方”，与under互为反义词On 一物体在另一物体的表面上，与物体表面接触【经典练】1．（2023春·福建龙岩·八年级统考期末）Though the temperature is up to ________ 40℃, the traffic police are still working outside.A．aboveB．underC．beside【答案】A【详解】句意：尽管温度超过40度了，交警仍然在外面工作。考查介词辨析。above在……上面，超过；under在……下面；beside在旁边。根据“the traffic police are still working outside.”可知，此处表示温度都超过40度了，交警还在外面工作。故选A。【写作佳句】（2023春·江苏宿迁·八年级统考期末）—I think they need many things, but above all, they need love from their parents.—我认为他们需要许多东西，但最重要的是他们需要来自父母的爱。考点14 the otherThey couldn't stay there because one end of the shelf was much higher than the other!它们无法摆在上面，因为架子的一端比另一端高得多!(教材第44页)（1）one...the other..意为“ (两者中的)一个 ...另一个- ...”.Eg. I have two brothers. One is a teacher and the other is doctor.我有两个哥哥。一个是老师，另一个是医生。（2）shelf 可数名词，意为“(橱柜或书架等的)架子，搁板”,其复数形式为shelves。Eg. There' re many shelves in the room.房间里有许多架子。【经典练】1．—I don’t like the color of the dress. Can I try ________?—Sorry, we only have the color. Could you have a look at ________ dresses?A．other; otherB．another; othersC．the other; othersD．another; other【答案】D【详解】句意：——我不喜欢这件衣服的颜色。我可以再试一件其他的吗？——对不起，我们只有这个颜色。你能看看其他的裙子吗？考查代词辨析。other其他的，后加名词复数；another多者中的另一个；the other两者中的另一个；others其他的人或物，不加名词。根据“Can I try...”可知是再试一件，此处表示泛指，用another，排除AC；第二个空后是名词复数，用other修饰。故选D。【写作佳句】Not long ago, our country sent two small satellites into space. Oneweighed 204 kilos, and the other weighed 104 kilos.不久前，我国向太空发射了两颗小型卫星。一个重达204公斤，另一个重达104公斤。考点15 advise I bought some books about DIY for him and I also advised him to take a course in DIY.我给他买了些关于DIY的书，我也建议他学习DIY课程。(教材第44页)advise 及物动词，意为“建议”,其用法如下：①advise doing sth.“建议做某事”Eg. He advised leaving early. 他建议早点儿动身。②advise sb. ( not ) to do sth.“建议某人(不要)做某事”Eg. He advised me to buy a computer. 他建议我买台电脑。③advise sb. against doing sth. “劝告某人不要做某事”Eg. He advised her against going out at night. 他劝她晚上不要出去。[拓展] advice 不可数名词，意为“建议:劝告，Eg. Please give me some advice.请给我提一些建议【经典练】1．（2020秋·广东江门·八年级统考期中）Parents often ________their kids ________ internet friends because the kids may be in danger.A．advice；meetB．advice；to meetC．advise；meetD．advise；not to meet【答案】D【详解】句意：父母经常劝告孩子不要和网友见面，因为孩子可能处于危险之中。考查动词短语。advice建议，名词；advise建议，劝告，动词原形；meet遇见，动词原形；to meet遇见，动词不定式；not to meet遇见，动词不定式的否定式。根据“because the kids may be in danger”可知，与网友见面可能会陷入危险中，因此父母应是经常劝告孩子不要和网友见面，应用动词短语advise sb not to do sth来表示“劝某人不要做某事”。故选D。【写作佳句】（2022秋·河北·八年级校联考期末）Evans caught a cold. His friend advised him to drink more water.埃文斯感冒了。他的朋友建议他多喝水。考点16 already “已经”But this just made him angry ----he says he already knows everything about it但这只能使他生气 他说他对DIY已经无所不知了。(教材第44 页)already 副词，意为“已经”，一般用于肯定句中，用于疑问句时表示惊讶的语气。Eg. They continued working, though it was already midnight.虽然已是午夜，但他们还在继续工作。[拓展] yet 副词，意为“尚，还”,常用于否定句或疑问句中。Eg. It isn't time to go yet.还没到走的时候。【经典练】1．I really need to take more exercise because I have already ________ weight.A．put downB．put onC．put offD．put away【答案】B【详解】句意：我真的需要多做运动，因为我的体重已经增加了。考查动词短语。put down放下；put on穿上，增加（体重）；put off推迟；put away收好。根据“I really need to take more exercise because I have already...weight.”可知，需要多做运动，说明体重已经增加了。故选B。考点17 attendSo instead,l am reading all the books myself and attending lessons every Saturday. 因此，反倒是我自己在读所有的这些书，并且每周六去去上课。(教材第44页)attend此处用作及物动间意为“经常去，定期”(某处)”。Eg. We'd like as many people as possible to attend.我们希望出席的人越多越好。1、We add do not/don't in front of a verb when we want to tell people not to do something.当我们想告诉人们不要做某事时，我们在动词前面加do not或don't。(教材第47 页)tell sb. to do sth.意为“告诉某人做某事”，其否定形式是tell sb. not to do sth,意为“告诉某人不要做某事”Eg. Tell him not to come tomorrow.告诉他明天别来。[拓展]①tell 后常跟双宾语，即tell sb. sth. =-tell sth. To sb.，意为“告诉某人某事”Eg. Did you tell her the news? = Did you tell the news to her?你把这个消息告诉她了吗?②有关tell的常用短语tell sb. about sth.告诉某人关于某事Tell a story讲故事Tell a joke讲笑话Tell a lie说谎Tell the truth说实话【经典练】1．—Frank is from America but speaks perfect Chinese. —So he does. He has learned Chinese by himself since he ________ college.A．is attendingB．has attendedC．attendedD．attends【答案】C【详解】句意：——弗兰克来自美国，但汉语说得很流利。——他确实如此。自从上大学以来，他就自学了汉语。考查时态。since“自从”，引导时间状语从句用一般过去时，故用过去式attended。故选C。【写作佳句】（2023·河北衡水·统考二模）Linda and Dave are busy practicing running these days. They will attend the sports meeting.琳达和戴夫这几天正忙于练习跑步。他们将参加运动会。考点18 give up Please don’t give up请不要放弃。(教材第47页)give up 意为“放弃”，后接名词、代词或动名后接 人称代词作宾语时，词作宾语。give up人称代词要放在give与up之间。Eg. Tom isn't good at maths, but he won't give it up.汤姆不擅长数学，但他不会放弃。To keep healthy, you should give up smoking.为了保持健康，你应该戒烟。【经典练】1．—There are only six days before the dancing competition. Are you ready?—No, but I won’t ________. I still practice every day.A．take inB．give upC．wake up【答案】B【详解】句意：——离舞蹈比赛只有六天了。你准备好了吗？——没有，但我不会放弃。我仍然每天练习。考查动词短语。take in吸收；give up放弃；wake up醒来。根据“I still practice every day.”可知，仍然练习，说明“我”不会放弃。故选B。【写作佳句】If you want to keep fit, you must give up smoking.如果你想保持健康，你就必须戒烟。考点19 be late for意为“迟到”You had better not be late for school.你最好上学不要迟到。(教材第48页)be late for意为“迟到”。Eg. Please don't be late for shoo!请不要上学迟到!She hates to be late for work.她不喜欢上班迟到。【经典练】1．You had better wake up Tom at 6:30, ________ he will be late for the match.A．butB．orC．so【答案】B【详解】句意：你最好在6:30叫醒汤姆，否则他比赛会迟到的。考查连词的用法。but但是；or否则； so所以。根据“...he will be late for the match.”可知，最好在6:30叫醒汤姆，否则他会迟到。故选B。【写作佳句】You will make your teacher unhappy. That’s why you mustn’t be late for school.你会使老师不开心的。那就是为什么你上学不准迟到。考点20 Withoutbegin your work without reading them没有阅读就开始你的工作(救材第48页)Without 介词，意为“没有，无”，后可接名词、代词或动名词，反义词是with. Eg. Man can't live without water.没有水人类就无法生存。She entered the room without knocking on/at the door.她没敲门就进了房间。【经典练】1．They are so smart that they solve the problem ________.A．easyB．with difficultyC．without difficulty【答案】C【详解】句意：他们是如此聪明以至于他们毫无困难地解决难题。考查介词短语。根据前文“They are so smart”所以应是容易地解决难题。横线上应是副词修饰动词solve，easy是形容词，排除A；根据语境应是没有困难，排除B。故选C。【写作佳句】（2022秋·云南昆明·八年级统考期末）We will bring Ms. Steen to the party without calling her so thatshe can be surprised.我们不给斯蒂恩女士打电话就带她来参加聚会，这样她就能惊喜了。考点21 SometimesSometimes it'll take time to do a DIY job.有时做项DIY工作会花费时间。(教材第48页)[辨析] sometimes, some times, sometime与sometimeEg. Sometimes I go to school by bike.我有时骑自行车去上学。We have met some times before.我们之前见过几次面。Maybe we'll meet sometime next year.或许明年某个时候我们会见面。It will take me some time to read this book.读这本书要花费我一些时间。[助记]some time, sometime, some times与sometimes分开“一段(时间)”，相聚“某个时候”，“几次”分开带s，“有时”相聚加S。【经典练】1．We usually have dinner at home in the evening, but we ________ eat out.A．sometimesB．seldomC．neverD．always【答案】A【详解】句意：我们通常在家吃晚饭，但有时我们会外出就餐。考查频率副词辨析。sometimes有时候，偶尔；seldom很少，不经常；never从不，从未；always总是，一直。根据“We usually have dinner at home in the evening, but we”可知转折词后表示有时会出去吃。故选A。【写作佳句】（2022秋·辽宁沈阳·八年级统考期中）Sometimes we may be unaware of some computers, because they aretiny .有时我们可能不知道一些计算机，因为它们很微小。考点22 mixMix them together.把它们混合在一起。( 教材第49页)mix此处用作及物动词， 意为“混合”。mix...together“把....混合在 一起” ，mix up“混合在-起，弄乱”，mix... with...把...混合Eg. Mix the butter and sugar together.把黄油和糖混合在一起。 Someone mixed up all the forms.有人把所有的表格都弄乱了。We can't mix oil with water.我们不能把油和水混合起来。【经典练】1．（2022秋·陕西榆林·八年级榆林市第一中学分校校考期末）Finally, you need to put all the fruit in the bowl and ________.A．turn up themB．cut them upC．mix it upD．look it up【答案】C【详解】句意：最后，你需要把所有的水果放在碗里，搅拌一下。考查动词短语辨析。turn up them表达错误；cut them up把它们切碎；mix it up把它混合；look it up查阅它。根据句中“you need to put all the fruit in the bowl”可知，此句是说把水果混合，故选C。【写作佳句】I have mixed up your words so I don’t know what to do next.我把你的话弄混淆了，因此不知道下一步该怎么做了。考点23 add Add some salad cream if you like.你如果喜欢可以加些沙拉奶油。(教材第49页)add 及物动词，意为“增加，补充”。add..to...把...添加到...里add to“增加，add up to“总计为”Eg. Please add some salt to the soup.请往汤里加些盐。If you add 4 to 5,you get 9. 4加5等于9。The bad weather added to our difficulties.糟糕的天气增加了我们的困难。These numbers add up to 100.这些数字的总数是100。【经典练】1．（2022秋·陕西榆林·八年级榆林市第一中学分校校考期末）Don’t ________ too much salt ________ the soup. It’s salty enough.A．add; toB．put; inC．pour; intoD．place; on【答案】A【详解】句意：汤里不要加太多盐。它足够咸了。考查动词短语。add...to把……添加到……里；put...in把……放到……里；pour...into把……倒入……里；place...on把……放置到……上。根据“too much salt...the soup”可知是往汤里添加盐，用add...to。故选A。【写作佳句】Remember to add some salt to the noodles.记得在面条里加点盐。考点24 For exampleFor example, mixing red apples, green(5) pears, purple grapes and (6) oranges together will make the salad look very colourful.例如，把红色的苹果，绿色的(5) 梨，紫色的葡萄和(6)橘子混合在一起,这样会使沙拉看起来非常鲜艳。(教材第50页)[辨析] for example与such as两者都意为“例如”，但用法上有区别。for example常只列举同类人或事物中的一个例子， 在句中作插入语.可置于句首、句中或句末。such as 常用于列举同类人或事物中的几个例子，置于被列举的事物与前面的名词之间。Eg. He, for example, is a good student.例如，他就是个好学生。He knows four languages, such as Chinese and English.他懂得四种语言，如汉语和英语。【经典练】1．（2021秋·广东深圳·八年级红岭中学校考期末）—Do you know how the ________ of 3D painting helps protect the environment?—Oh, well. Basically it’s functional. ________, it can reduce waste.A．instruction; In the endB．invitation; Such asC．invention; For example【答案】C【详解】句意：——你知道3D绘画的发明对保护环境有什么帮助吗？——噢，嗯。基本上它是功能性的。例如，它可以减少浪费。考查名词辨析和介词短语。instruction指令；invitation邀请；invention发明；in the end最终；such as比如；for example比如。根据“of 3D painting helps protect the environment?”以及答语可知是指3D绘画的发明；第二空后是列举它的功能，故选C。【写作佳句】（2023·安徽合肥·合肥市庐阳中学校考三模）There are a lot of ways to protect the environment. For example, we can take our own bags instead of asking for plastic bags when shopping.有很多方法可以保护环境。例如，我们可以自己带袋子，而不是在购物时要塑料袋。考点25 preparePrepare the fruit salad (7) just before you are going to eat it. (7)在你打算吃之前准备水果沙拉。(教材第50页)prepare 此处为及物动词，意为“准备”，后接名词、代词或动词不定式作宾语。prepare还可作不及物动词，主要有以下用法：（1）prepare sth.准备某事Eg. Our English teacher was preparing the lessons when I came into the office.当我进办公室时，我们的英语老师正在备课。（2）prepare sth. for sb.为某人准备某物Eg. She prepared a nice breakfast for us.她为我们准备了可口的早餐。（3）prepare to do sth.准备做某事，相当于ready to do sth.oEg. They were preparing to Cross the river when it began to rain.他们正准备过河，这时天开始下雨了。（4）prepare for sth.为某事做准备，相当于get ready forEg. The students are preparing for the exam.学生们正在准备考试。【经典练】1．（2023秋·福建龙岩·八年级统考期末）—Hi, Jenny. I didn’t see you at the party last night.—I ________ for today’s English test at that time.A．preparedB．will prepareC．was preparing【答案】C【详解】句意：——你好，珍妮。昨晚的聚会上我没看到你。——当时我正在准备今天的英语考试。考查过去进行时。根据时间状语“at that time”可知，此处用过去进行时表示过去某一时刻正在发生的动作，谓语动词的构成是“was/were doing”。故选C。【写作佳句】She cut herself while shewas preparing lunch.—她在准备午饭时割伤了自己。考点26 leave...when you leave it (9) in the air for some time.当你把它放置(9) 在空气中一段时间时..... (教材第50页)leave用作及物动词，意为“使处于某种状态”，常接形容词、副词、介词短语、现在分词或过去分词作宾语补足语。Eg. Leave the door open.让门开着吧。I'll just leave the engine running when I go in.我进去时不会关闭引擎。[拓展]①leave a message“留口信”Eg. I left a message on your answering machine.我在你的电话应答机上留言了。②leave..for...意为离开...去...Eg. My father left Beijing for Shanghai yesterday.我爸爸昨天离开北京去了上海。③leave sb. sth.意为“把某物留给某人”。Eg. His parents died, only leaving him a house.他的父母去世了，只留给他一幢房子。④leave用作不及物动词，意为“离开”。Eg. The train will leave at six tomorrow morning.火车明早六点出发。[辨析] leave 与forgetleave用作及物动词，可意为“忘了带,丢下”，常用结构为“leave sb./sth.+地点状语”。而forget后跟名词或动词不定式，意为“忘记...”指大脑不能记起或回忆不起某事。Eg. Jim forgot to take the money with him. He left the wallet on the table.吉姆忘记带钱了，他把钱包落在了桌子上。【经典练】1．When you ________ the office, you’d better ________ that all the lights are turned off.A．leave; make sureB．leave; to make sureC．will leave; make sure   D．will leave; to make sure【答案】A【详解】句意：当你离开办公室时，你最好确保关掉所有的灯。考查动词时态。when引导的时间状语从句，时态是主将从现，故when后的从句是一般现在时，排除C和D选项；had better是情态动词，其后是动词原形。故选A。【写作佳句】（2023·云南·统考中考真题）It’s a good habit to turn off the lights when you leave a room.离开房间时关灯是个好习惯。考点27 stopCan we stop cleaning the house and make some food?我们可以停止打扫房子去做些食物吗? (教材第50页)[辨析] stop doingsth与stop to do sth.stop doing sth.“停止做某事”，表示停止正在做的事情。stop to do sth. “停下来去做某事”，表示停止正在做的事情而去做动词不定式所表示的事情。Eg. Stop talking, please. Let's sing an English song.请不要说话了。让我们唱首英文歌吧。We are tired. Let's stop to have a rest.我们累了。让我们停下来歇会儿吧。【经典练】1．（2022秋·江苏盐城·八年级统考期中）You look so tired. You’d better ________ some music to relax.A．to stop to listen toB．to stop listening toC．stop to listen toD．stop listening【答案】C【详解】句意：你看起来很累。你最好停下来听听音乐放松一下。考查had better的用法和非谓语动词。由had better do sth.“最好做某事”，可排除A、B选项；stop to do sth.“停下来做另一件事”，stop doing sth.“停止做某事”；由“You look so tired.”和“some music to relax”可知，此处是停下来听音乐放松自己，应用stop to do。故选C。【写作佳句】（2022·江苏宿迁·统考中考真题）Yesterday, Lin Tao’s speech on how to be a good volunteer wassowonderful that we couldn’t stop cheering for him.昨天，林涛关于如何做好志愿者的演讲精彩到让我们忍不住为他欢呼。考点28 decide... so I decided to make her a birthday card by myself. ...因此我决定自己为她制作一张生日卡片。(教材第52页)decide此处用作及 物动词，意为“决定”，后跟名词、代词、动词不定式或从句等。其名词形式为decision.Eg. She decided to live in London.她决定住在伦敦。Let's first decide where we should go.咱们先决定一下应该到什么地方去吧。辨析 decide与make up one's mind①decide指经过思考、询问或讨论后做出判断或决定去做某事。Eg. She decided to catch up with others.她决定赶上其他人。②make up one's mind意为“下定决心做某事”,表示不再犹豫不决。Eg. She made up her mind to work hard.她决心努力工作。【经典练】1．The family decided ______ a picnic in the park at the weekend.A．haveB．havingC．to have【答案】C【详解】句意：一家人决定周末去公园野餐。考查非谓语动词。decide to do sth“决定做某事”，故【写作佳句】They are pleased with our products, and they decide to buy more.他们对我们的产品很满意，决定多买一些。考点29 go wrong Lots of tings went wrong during that time在那段时间，许多事情出错了。(教材第52页)go wrong 意为“弄错犯错(机器)出故障”。wrong此处用作副词，意为“错误地，不对”。Eg. The television often goes wrong.这台电视机经常出故障。If you read the instructions carefully, you will see where you went wrong.如果仔细阅读说明书，你就会知道你错在哪儿了。[拓展] wrong 还可用作形容词，意为“错误的，不正确的”.其反义词为right或correct Eg. He went to the wrong room.他走错了房间。【经典练】1．（2021秋·江苏常州·八年级校考期中）It’s an important task. You must ________ not to let something ________.A．keep it secret; go wronglyB．keep it secret; go badlyC．keep it secret; go wrongD．keep it secretly; go wrong【答案】C【详解】句意：这是一个重要的任务。你必须保守秘密不要让事情出错。考查动词短语和go的用法。结合备选项可知，keep it secret“保密”符合语境，而句子中的go为“变得”之意，系动词，后接形容词，故选C。【写作佳句】（2021秋·江苏扬州·八年级统考期末）The Internet will go wrong if ten million of people download（下载）programmes at the same time.如果数百万人同时下载节目，互联网就会出错。考点30 cut outI also cut out a picture of colourful balloons and stuck it on the cover.我还剪了-张彩色的气球图画 ,把它粘贴在封面上。(教材第52页)（1）cut out意为“剪出” ,常表示剪出某种形状，该短语是“动词+副词”结构，当名词作宾语时，名词放于cut与out之间或out后都可以;但当人称代词作宾语时，人称代词只能放于cut与out之间。Eg. The children are cutting out some square孩子们正在剪出一些正方形。[拓展] cut的常见短语:cut up切碎cut down减少 cut..into.把.切....cut in插嘴 cut off切掉（2）stick此处用作动词， 意为“粘住，粘贴”，过去式为stuck。stick sth. on/to sth. 把某物粘到某物上。Eg. Please stick the stamp on the envelope.假榭只请把邮票贴到信封上。[拓展] stick 作动词时，还意为“刺，戳，插"。Eg. Tom is sticking a pin into a board.汤姆正把一枚大头针插入木板。（3）cover此处用作可数名词， 意为“封面;盖子，罩”。Eg. The book needs a new cover.这本书需要一个新封面。A dust cover hung over the painting.这幅画上面挂着防尘罩。【经典练】1．（2022春·河北保定·八年级统考期末）—My phone is too slow.—Why not ________ some useless apps or photos?A．fix upB．look outC．cut outD．give away【答案】C【详解】句意：——我的手机速度太慢了。——为什么不删除一些无用的应用程序或照片？考查动词短语辨析。fix up修复；look out注意，当心；cut out删除；give away赠送。根据“My phone is too slow”和“useless apps or photos”可知此处指“删除”手机上没用的内容，故选C。【写作佳句】（2021·江苏南通·统考中考真题）—Honey, could you help me cut out the picture of colorful balloons from the paper?—亲爱的，你能帮我从纸上剪下彩色气球的图片吗？考点31 completeWhen I completed the card, there was paint on everything: ....当我完成这张卡片时，在所有的东西上都有颜料: .... (教材第52页)complete及物动词,意为“完成”,与finish同义。Eg. When did he complete it?他是什么时候完成它的?The pupil completed his homework early in the morning. 这个学生上午很早就完成了家庭作业。[拓展] complete 还可用作形容词,意为“完整的;整个的”。Eg. His answer is complete.他的回答是完整的。Please tell me your complete address.请告诉我你的地址全称。【经典练】1．（2023春·河北石家庄·八年级统考期末）Hearing the great scientist’s sudden death, Bob was ________ shocked.A．quicklyB．heavilyC．completelyD．loudly【答案】C【详解】句意：听到这位伟大科学家的突然去世，鲍勃完全震惊了。考查副词辨析。quickly快速地； heavily大量地； completely完全地；loudly大声地。根据“shocked” 可知，此处是强调震惊的程度，所以应是完全震惊了，故选C。【写作佳句】When the natural parkis completed , it will be a good place for people to relax.自然公园建成后，将是人们放松的好地方。入一．祈使句祈使句当我们向他人发出命令，提出要求或建议时，常使用祈使句。祈使句的祝愿时you（听话人），通常不明确表示出来。※（1）有的祈使句在意思明确的情况下，动词可省略。 This way,please.=Go this way, please.有些祈使句可用No开头，用来表示禁止。 No smoking!禁止吸烟！为了使祈使句听来比较客气，委婉，除了用please外，句末还可用will you。 Read the text,will you?读一下这篇文章，好吗？在祈使句的前面加上do可以加强语气，有make sure(一定，务必)的意思。 Do remember to call me.祈使句的答句常用一般将来时。 --Don’t smoke here. --Sorry,I won’t.语法二：should 和had better1、should情态动词，意为“应该，应当”。用来表示劝告或提建议，没有人称和数的变化，其后接动词原形，否定形式为: shouldn't+动词原形。Eg. He should work harder.他应该更加努力工作。You should help your mother with the housework.你应该帮你母亲做家务。You should go there at once.你应该立刻去那儿。[拓展] should的用法:①should表示要求、命令。Eg. Passengers should proceed Gate12.乘客请前往12号登机口登机。②should表示推测。Eg. His backpack should be in the classroom.他的背包应该在教室里。2、had better意为“最好”，没有人称、数和时态的变化，可简写为“'d better"，其后接动词原形(不带to的不定式)。可用于提出建议、劝告或表示种愿望。含有“应该做”之意,不十分客气，所以一般只用于对晚辈或平辈,不用于对长辈。had better的两种形式：①肯定形式: had better +动词原形, 意为“最好做....”。Eg. You'd better go to hospital at once.你最好立即去医院。②否定形式: had better+ not+动词原形，意为“最好不做....”Eg. You had better not miss the last bus.你最好不要错过末班公共汽车。单元话题写作DIY是英文Do It Yourself的缩写，译为“自己动手做”。简言之，就是“亲力亲为”，原本是指不依赖或聘用专业的工匠，利用适当的工具和材料，自己来进行居家住宅的修缮工作。现在DIY概念不断扩大化，演变成了一种以休闲、发挥个人创意或培养爱好为目的的社会风尚。那么怎么样写好有关DIY的文章呢？首先我们要做到语言准确、简洁、有条理，符合逻辑，思路清晰，让读者一目了然。在写作中要注意以下事项：第一，对于所要描述的物品有较深刻的认识和了解，头脑中要像放幻灯片一样把材料和制作流程进行一次形象的再现；第二，列出材料表，并注明各种材料的量；第三，列出写作中需要的关键词汇和句型。在列举句型时尽量考虑到复合句、简单句、长句和短句有机结合，富于变化，使文章生动。【常用词汇】instruction指示tool工具repair修补advise建议,忠告,劝告had better最好by oneself独自make a mistake犯错误with one’s help在某人的帮助下tidy up收拾,整理go wrong弄错;犯错;(机器)出故障be crazy about对……着迷【常用句型】I decided to...,and then I put...When I read...,I hope...When you do DIY,you make,repair things or decorate things by yourself instead of paying someone to do it.Sometimes,it takes a long time to do a DIY job.You’d better be patient.Now the living room has not only blue walls but also a blue ceiling and floor.Books couldn’t stay here because one end of the shelf was much higher than the other.We had fun working together.教材中出现的相关句型：1．First，pick a piece of bread.Then put some tomato sauce on it.首先，拿一片面包。然后往上面放一些番茄酱。2．I decided to...by myself.我决定亲自……3．I...because... 我……因为……4．We had fun working together.我们一起工作很愉快。5．Finally/In the end，... 最后，……其他拓展句型：1．I need some paper，glue and a pair of scissors.我需要一些纸、胶水和一把剪刀。2．He loves to repair things and decorate his house.他喜欢修理东西和装饰他的房子。3．He once tried to put in a brighter light in his bedroom，but he made a mistake.他曾经尝试在卧室安装一盏更亮的灯，但是他犯了一个错误。4．Cut out pieces of card with a pair of scissors.用剪刀剪出几张卡片。【典型例题】假设暑假期间,你在美国度假。请根据下面的要点提示,写一篇英语短文,向当地的朋友介绍怎样做西瓜冷饮。要点:1.所需材料:一些西瓜、一杯橘汁、三勺糖、冰激凌;2.制作过程:先切西瓜,再将西瓜放入冰箱20至30分钟,接着将其他材料倒入混合搅拌,最后放进玻璃杯。【审题思路】1.审人称:本文主要是向别人介绍如何制作西瓜冷饮,应以第二人称为主。2.审时态:本文是关于西瓜冷饮的做法说明,应用一般现在时。3.注意事项:(1)介绍制作步骤时,可适当使用连接词,使文章条理清晰;(2)适当使用本单元所学的祈使句,使文章语言简洁明了。【写作提纲】引出话题:...a watermelon cooler具体介绍材料:watermelon,orange juice...制作步骤:First of all...Then...结尾点题:...enjoy it【优秀范文】Many of you must want something cold and tasty to drink in summer.Now you can DIY some,for example,a watermelon cooler.To make a watermelon cooler,you need some watermelon,a cup of orange juice and three spoons of sugar.First of all,cut the watermelon into small pieces.Then put them into a fridge and take them out 20 to 30 minutes later.And then mix them together with the orange juice and sugar.To make the cooler nicer,you can add some ice cream in it.Now,it is finished.Put it in a glass and enjoy it!昨天下午,你妈妈出门购物,没有时间做晚饭,于是你自己动手制作了一份简单的三明治。请根据下面的提示,以“My first DIY”为题,写一篇英语短文。提示:1.过程:切开面包,放上番茄酱,夹上火腿与蔬菜;2.感受:这是第一次……注意:1.词数80左右,开头已给出,不计入总词数;2.可适当添加内容以使行文连贯。MyfirstDIYMy mother went out for shopping yesterday afternoon.She didn’t have much time to cook dinner for me.I decided to make a sandwich for dinner by myself.First,I cut the bread into pieces.Then I put some tomato sauce on a piece of bread.Next I put some ham and vegetables on it.In the end,I put another piece of bread on the top of it and got a wonderful sandwich.It took about 15 minutes to finish.I made a mistake when I read the instructions on the food bag.  After that I felt excited and had a good time having my sandwich and drinking coffee.This was the first time I cooked dinner for myself.I hope I will learn a lot about cooking meals in the future. 【必备短语】1 had better 最好2 stand for 代表；象征3 instead of 而不是，代替4 make some paper roses 制作纸玫瑰5 a pair of scissors 一把剪刀6 be crazy about 对……着迷7 put in 安装8 make a mistake 犯错误9 fill…with… 用……填装10 paint it blue 把它涂成蓝色11 not only…but (also) 不仅……而且……12 cut…into 把……切成13 for example 例如14 next door 在隔壁15 tidy up 整理好16 keep it secret 保密17 keep doing sth. 反复做某事18 in the end 最后【核心句型】1 Here are clear instruction. 这儿有清楚的指示、2 You’d better get some tools. 你最好拿一些工具3 When you do DIY, you make, repair of decorate things yourself instead of paying someone to do it. 当你‘自己动手做’的时候，你自己做，修理或装饰东西，而不是付钱给别人做。4 Now the living room has not only blue walls but also a blue ceiling and floor. 现在起居室不仅是蓝色，连天花板和地板也是蓝色。5 They couldn’t stay there because one end of the shelf was much higher than the other! 它们不能呆在那儿，因为架子的一端比另一端高！6 Don’t paint the cat. 不要给猫涂色7 Cut some of the larger fruit into small pieces. 把一些较大的水果切成小块状。8 Let’s make some sandwiches. 让我们制作一些三明治9 I’m certain that I can fix it myself. 我相信我自己能修理。10 We had fun working together. 我们在一起工作很愉快。【重点语法】一、祈使句定义：用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句.用客气的语气表示祈使句时，可在句首或句尾加上please，但如果在句尾加please，那在please之前一定要加一个逗号“，”。祈使句因对象（即主语）是第二人称，所以通常都省略。祈使句的动词都为一般现在时，句末则使用句号来表示结束。例：Go and wash your hands. （去洗你的手。——命令）Be quiet, please.（Please be quiet.）（请安静。——请求）Be kind to our sister. （对姊妹要和善。——劝告）Watch your steps. （走路小心。——警告）Look out！Danger！（小心！危险！——强烈警告，已如感叹句）Keep off the grass. （勿践草坪。——禁止）No parking. （禁止停车。——禁止）表现形式●肯定结构: 1. Do型(即:动词原形(+宾语)+其它成分)。Put the boxes in the small room.把那些盒子放到那个小房间里。2. Be型(即:Be + 表语(名词或形容词)+其它成分)。 Be a good boy! 要做一个好孩子! 3. Let型(即:Let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分)。 Let me help you. 让我来帮你。●否定结构: 通常情况下在句首加上Don’t或Never 1. Do型和Be型的否定式都是在句首加don't构成。 Don't forget me! 不要忘记我! Don’t say that again!别再那样说了！Don't be late for school! 上学不要迟到! Don’t be careless.不要粗心。 2. Let型的否定式有两种:“Don't + let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其它成分”和“Let + 宾语 + not + 动词原形 + 其它成分”。 Don't let him go. / Let him not go. 别让他走。3. 有些可用no开头,用来表示禁止性的祈使句。 No smoking! 禁止吸烟!No fishing! 禁止钓鱼! NO PHOTOS!禁止拍照！二、should 和 had better（一）should 表示‘应当，应该’后接动词原形should用来提出建议和忠告，后边加动词原形，否定句直接在should后边加not.例如: I think you should eat less junk food.我认为你应该少吃垃圾食品。She drives a lot and she seldom walks. So I think she should walk a lot.她经常开车，很少走路。所以我认为她应该多走路。Students shouldn't spend too much time playing computer games.学生们不应当花太多的时间玩计算机游戏。（二）had better意为‘最好，应该’后接动词原型，否定形式：had better not do sth.1. had better的基本用法特点其意为“最好”、“应该”，后接动词原形，与情态动词should用法相似，其中的had通常缩略为‘d。如:You'd better get some sleep. 你最好去睡一会 儿。We had better get there before it rains. 我们最好在下雨前就到达那里。2.had better否定式构成否定式时，通常将not置于had better 之后(而不是had之后);如:I'd better not disturb him. 我最好别去打扰他。注意：(1) had better 用于提出建议或请求时，并不是一个很客气委婉的表达，它暗示对方有义务去做某事，因此通常用于长辈对晚辈或上级对下级等，而不宜反过来用。Unit4核心话题自己动手重点词汇instruction ，tool ，glue ，rope， scissors ，tape ，DIY ，exactly ，repair ，rose.ect重点短语had better最好stand for代表;象征decorate sth装饰某物instead of而不是,代替pay sb to do sth付钱给某人做某事make some paper roses制作一些纸玫瑰a pair of scissors一把剪刀重点句型1.You’d better get some tools.你最好先拿一些工具。2.When you do DIY,you make,repair or decorate things yourself instead of paying someone to do it.当你自己动手做的时候,你会自己制作、修理或者装饰这些东西,而不是付钱让别人去做。语法一、祈使句 二、情态动词should和had better写作“亲力亲为”instead of介词短语，意为“而不是,代替”后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语，一般置于句首或句中，否定of后的内容。instead副词，意为“反而，代替”常用于句首或句末，位于句首时其后常用逗号，肯定instead所在句的内容。sometimes 有时，不时  副词，表示动作发生的频 率，相当于at times 用how often提问some times几次,几倍time是可数名词，意为“次数,倍”用how many times提问sometime在某一时候副词，表示过去或将来一个不确切的时间用when提问some time一段时间其中time为不可数名词，意为“时间”用how long提问句式结构例句肯定句Do型：动词原形（+宾语）+其他成分。Have a seat here.这边坐。Be型：Be+n/adj+其他成分。Be a good child!要做一个好孩子！Let型：Let+宾语+动词原形+其他成分。Let me help you.让我来帮你。否定句Do型和Be型均在句首加Don’t构成。Don’t be late for school!上学不要迟到！Let型的否定形式有两种：Don’t+let+宾语+动词原形+其他成分。Let+宾语+not+动词原形+其他成分。Don’t let him go.=Let him not go.反义疑问句祈使句+will you/won’t you?Open the window,will you?Let us不包括听话者在内，指示对听话者说，反义疑问句的主语仍然为youLet us play with snow,will you?让我们玩雪，好吗？Let us play with snow,shall we?咱们玩雪吧，好吗？Let’s是表示第一人称的祈使句，包含说话者，所以反义疑问句的主语为we.