2025年中考英语时文阅读练习24 脑岛的新角色、智能窗户清洁机器人Ozmo、海边的“教室”（解析版）

这是一份2025年中考英语时文阅读练习24 脑岛的新角色、智能窗户清洁机器人Ozmo、海边的“教室”（解析版），文件包含2025年中考英语时文阅读练习24脑岛的新角色智能窗户清洁机器人Ozmo海边的“教室”原卷版docx、2025年中考英语时文阅读练习24脑岛的新角色智能窗户清洁机器人Ozmo海边的“教室”解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共17页， 欢迎下载使用。
中考时文阅读练习----脑岛的新角色
题型：阅读理解
主题语境：卫生与健康
语篇类型：说明文
词数：268
难度：★★★☆☆
建议用时：8分钟
A wman wh culdn't feel hungry after a strke(中风) may help us imprve ur understanding f ne area f the brain.
The 28-year-ld Canadian was hspitalized after feeling weak n ne side f her bdy and having truble speaking. The examinatin result shwed that she had a strke in a brain area called the insula(脑岛).
Sn after the strke.the wman nticed that she never felt hungry any mre, even when she hadn't eaten fr a lng time. She ften frgt t eat and lst mre than 10 kilgrams.
The wman culd still taste and smell the fd, but ften ate abut half as much as usual because she n lnger enjyed eating. Even chclate,her favrite fd,gave her n pleasure. The wman's hunger finally came back abut 12 mnths after the strke.The insula is ne f the least understd parts f the brain. It wrks with ther parts f the brain t make a feeling f hunger that encurages eating. “This wman's brain wuld still have been receiving signals（信号)that she was missing calries, but because f the damage(损伤) t her insula, she wuldn't have been aware f them," says Yav Livneh at the Weizmann Institute f Science in Israel.
This finding culd help t find new ways t treat besity(肥胖).Fr example, it may be pssible t use sme ways t send signals t the insula t prevent vereating,Livneh says. He agrees that this is a pssibility,but says it will be mre imprtant nt t damage the insula's ther functins(功能).
1.Why did the wman eat less just after the strke?
A. She was in a bad md.
B.She was trying t lse weight.
C. She was advised t eat less.
D. She lst the ability t feel happened t the wman a year after the strke?
A.She ften frgt smething.
B.She culdn't taste the fd.
C. She lst interest in chclate.
D. She culd feel hungry again.
3.What can we knw abut the insula?A. It is easy t be damaged after a strke.
B. It is the mst imprtant part f the brain.
C. It tells us when we shuld eat smething.
D.It makes strke patients difficult t smell.
4.What will the new finding prbably help us t d?
A. Fight against the strke.
B. Make ur brain strnger.
C. G n a healthy diet.
D. Deal with the besity prblem.
5.What's the best title fr the passage?
A. New Treatment n Strke
B. Insula's Newly-Fund Rle
C. Secrets t Fight Obesity
D. Sme Research n the Brain
【译文】
一位女子在中风后感觉不到饥饿，这种现象或许可以增进我们对大脑中的一个区域的了解。
这位28岁的加拿大女子在感觉一侧身体无力和说话困难后，被送进了医院。检查结果显示，她大脑中一个叫脑岛的区域发生了中风。
中风后不久，这名女子注意到，她再也不觉得饿了，即使她很久不吃东西，也是如此。她经常忘记吃饭，体重下降了10多公斤。
她仍然能够尝到和闻到食物的味道，但通常只吃以往一半的量，因为她不再享受吃饭的过程了。即使是巧克力——她最喜欢的食物，也不能让她快乐。这名女子的饥饿感在她中风约12个月后，终于回来了。
脑岛是大脑中最不为人知的部分之一，它与大脑的其他部分一起工作，制造刺激进食的饥饿感。“这位女士的大脑应该仍然在接收她正在失去卡路里的信号，但由于脑岛受损，她意识不到这些信号。”以色列魏茨曼科学研究所的YavLivneh说。
这一发现可能有助于找到治疗肥胖的新方法。Livneh说，例如，我们或许可以用一些方法向脑岛发送信号，以防止暴饮暴食。他认为这是一种可能的选择，但他说，更重要的是不要损害脑岛的其他功能。
【语篇解读】
一位女士在中风后一年的时间里都没有饥饿感，这是因为她大脑中的脑岛遭到了破坏。这起病例或许可以帮助我们找到治疗肥胖的新方法。
【答案详析】
1.D 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“A wman wh culdn't feel hungry after a strke”以及第三段中的“Sn after the strke, the wman nticed that she never felt hungry any mre even when she hadn't eaten fr a lng time.'可知，这位女十吃的比原来少了。是因为她中风后无法感觉到饥饿。
2.D 细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“The wman's hunger finally came back abut 12 mnths after the strke.”可知.在中风12个月之后，她的饥饿感又恢复了。
3.C推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第二句“It wrks with ther parts f the brain t make a feeling f hunger that encurages eating."可知，脑岛与大脑的其他部分一起工作来产生饥饿感，从而刺激人们去吃东西。
4.D 细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“This finding culd help t find new ways t treat besity.”可知，这个新发现可能会帮助我们找到治疗肥胖的新方法，故D项正确。
5.B 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，一位女士在中风后失去了饥饿感,检查结果显示这是因为她大脑中的脑岛受到了损伤。研究人员认为这一发现可能有助于找到治疗肥胖的新方法。故B项“脑岛的新‘角色’”最适合作文章标题。
中考时文阅读练习----智能窗户清洁机器人Ozm
题型：阅读理解
主题语境：发明与技术
语篇类型：说明文
词数：295
难度：★★★★☆
建议用时：9分钟

The grwth in skyscrapers(摩天大楼）wrldwide,mst f which have large glass windws,has led t a great need fr windw washers. Thugh the jb, which Cleaner ffers wrkers as much as $35 an hur, can be lucrative,many peple are afraid t take it,as accidents are quite cmmn. Nw, the dangerus chre may sn be dne by Ozm,a smart windw cleaning rbt,with humans supervising(监督）n the grund.
Much like humans, Ozm,hanging ff the sides f the building,uses its arms and brushes t clean the dust n the glass.A 3D map f the building prgrammed int its system allws the rbt t skillfully mve up and dwn. Cmputer visin and tuch sensrs(传感器) enable it t mve ut f the way in case f unexpected events, such as the sudden pening f a windw. And the rbt will self-crrect and mve arund in rder nt t break a windw.Unlike ther windw washers,the rbt cleaner des nt require sap t clean the glass. Instead,it uses purified water(纯净水) and a prcess called reverse smsis(逆渗透)t d the jb. It is envirnmentally friendly.
While it takes three human cleaners 480 hurs t clean the windws f a 40-stry glass building,the rbt will cmplete the task in just 80 hurs. Hwever,Ozm will nt take the place f human wrkers,nly making their jbs safer.Human wrkers will cntrl the rbt frm belw.
Whether Ozm,which is still being tested,des as gd a jb as humans remains t be seen. Past effrts t use a rbt t d this dangerus jb have nt been successful,because the machines d nt have the same eyes as humans and ften miss the dust cllected n windw crners.
1.The underlined wrd “lucrative”in Paragraph 1 means “____ ”in Chinese.
A.赚钱的 B.出色的 C.安全的 D.幸运的
2.Paragraph 2 mainly tells us_____.
A. where Ozm can d its jb skillfully
B.hw Ozm avids unexpected events
C.hw Ozm wrks t clean the glass smartly
D. why Ozm is mre intelligent than human wrkers
3.Ozm will nt take the place f human wrkers because_____.
A.human wrkers d the cleaning jb mre carefully
B. it ften misses the dust cllected n windw crners
C.it uses envirnmentally friendly materials in cleaning
D. human wrkers need t cntrl and supervise the rbt frm belw
4.T finish the task f cleaning the windws f a 40-stry glass building, Ozm spends_____ hurs less than three human cleaners.
A.35 B.80 C. 400 D. 480
5.What can we knw abut Ozm frm the passage?
A. Ozm can d the cleaning jb better than human wrkers.
B.Ozm can make human wrkers d their jbs mre safely.
C. As an intelligent windw cleaning rbt Ozm is nt successful.
D.Ozm des harm t the envirnment while cleaning windws.
【译文】
大部分摩天大楼都有很大的玻璃窗，世界各地摩天大楼的增加引起了对洗窗工的巨大需求。虽然这项工作能提供高达每小时35美元的收入，但许多人不敢从事这项工作，因为事故常常发生。现在，这项危险的工作可能很快就会由智能擦窗机器人Ozm来完成了，人们只需在地面上监督。 与人类一样，Ozm悬挂在大楼的侧面，用它的臂和刷子清洁玻璃上的灰尘。系统中编入的建筑物的3D地图使该机器人能够熟练地上下移动。计算机视觉和触觉传感器使它能够在遇到窗户突然打开等突发事件时，能够躲开。而且，该机器人会自我纠正并四处移动，以免打碎窗户。
不同于洗窗工的是，擦窗机器人不需要用肥皂来清洁玻璃。相反，它利用纯净水和逆渗透过程来完成这项工作。这很环保。
清洁一栋40层大楼的玻璃窗，三个洗窗工需要花费480个小时，而该机器人只需短短80个小时就能完成任务。然而，Ozm不会取代工人，它只是使他们的工作更安全。工人将在地面操控该机器人。
尚在测试中的Ozm是否能像人类一样出色地完成工作还有待观察。过去，也有人试过利用机器人来从事这项危险的工作，但这些尝试没有取得成功，因为那些机器没有人类那样的眼睛，经常会漏掉沉积在窗角的灰尘。
【语篇解读】
随着城市中的摩天大楼越来越多，玻璃幕墙也越来越多。对于清洁工人来说，清洗高层建筑的幕墙是一件危险的工作。智能窗户清洁机器人Ozm的出现将有助于解决这一问题。
【答案详析】
1.A 词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“Thugh the jb,which ffers wrkers as much as $35 an hur”可知，这份工作的时薪高达35美元，即这份工作是很赚钱的。由此可推知，lucrative意为“赚钱的”
2.C 段落大意题。根据第二段的内容可知，像人类一样，悬挂在大楼侧面的Ozm 用它的手臂和刷子清理玻璃上的灰尘。在此过程中，Ozm会借助计算机视觉和触觉传感器来规避意外事件。由此可知，本段主要介绍了Ozm是如何以智能的方式清洁玻璃的。
3.D 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句中的“with humans supervising n the grund”和第四段中的“Ozm will nt take the place f human wrkers"及“Human wrkers will cntrl the rbt frm belw.”可知，Ozm不会取代工人，原因是它仍需在工人的控制、监督下运行。
4. C 细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“While it takes three human cleaners 480 hurs t clean the windws f a 40-stry glass building,the rbt will cmplete the task in just 80 hurs.”可知，要清洁一栋40层的玻璃建筑的玻璃，3名清洁工需要花费480个小时，而Ozm只需80个小时，比工人少用400个小时。
5.B细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Ozm will nt take the place f human wrkers, nly making their jbs safer”可知，Ozm不会取代工人，只会让工人们的工作更安全。
【长难句分析】
原句：（最后一段第一句）Whether Ozm,which is still being tested, des as gd a jb as humans
remains t be seen.
译文：目前仍在测试中的Ozm 是否能像人类一样出色地完成工作还有待观察。
分析：这是一个复合句。Whether as gd a jb as humans 为 whether引导的主语从句，其中which is still being tested为which引导的非限制性定语从句，对Ozm进行补充说明。
中考时文阅读练习----海边的“教室”
题型：阅读理解
语篇类型：说明文
主题语境：学校生活
词数：174
难度：★★★☆☆
建议用时：8分钟
Hw abut having a class by the sea? Sunds like a dream, desn't it?Well, a schl in Spain has made this dream cme true fr its students, by mving the classrm t the beach!
Outside the schl,children sit at desks n the sand(沙子). The lessns are part f a plan called “Fresh air".It wants t help kids get better air during COVID-19.
Many f the students enjy staying n the beach.“I feel happier and mre relaxed here!”said ne f them. Of curse. the teachers take gd care f the students. They make sure that all the kids are safe. “The children are having great fun,”an English teacher said n April 12th,2021.“They wn't frget what they have learned here.”
A class by the sea is mre than just a trip t the beach.Sme fishermen(渔民)cme t shw the students their fishing nets(网).They als teach the kids hw t catch fish. Children can learn and play well in this great nature classrm!
1. Hw des the writer start the passage?
A. By telling stries.
B. By giving answers.
C. By asking questins.
D. By describing facts.
2.The schl in Spain mves the classrm t the beach s that____.
A. teachers can take less care f students
B. children can get fresh air
C. children can play n the sand
D. the schl can spend less mney
3.What d the students think f having class by the sea?
A. Bring. B. Relaxing. C. Tiring. D. Dangerus.
4 When students have class by the sea, they can learn abut
A. fishing
B.COVID-19
C.a plan called“Fresh air'
D.hw t take care f themselves
5.The writer writes the passage t shw us___。
A.sme schl activities
B. the schl life in Spain
C. sme ways t have fun
D. a new way t have class
【译文】
在海边上课怎么样？这听起来像是个梦，不是吗？好吧，西班牙的一所学校将教室搬到了海滩上，为学生们实现了这个梦想！
在学校外面，孩子们坐在沙子上的书桌前。这些课程是一个名为“新鲜空气”计划的一部分。该计划想帮助孩子们在新冠肺炎疫情期间呼吸到更新鲜的空气。多数学生都喜欢待在沙滩上。“我在这里感觉更快乐，更放松！”其中一人说。当然，老师们对学生们照顾有加。他们会确保所有孩子的安全。“孩子们玩得很开心，”一位英语老师在2021年4月12日说，“他们不会忘记他们在这里学到的东西。”
海边的课堂不仅仅是一次海滩之旅。一些渔民来向学生展示他们的渔网。他们还教孩子们如何捕鱼。孩子们可以在这个很棒的自然课堂上好好地学习和玩耍！
【语篇解读】
新冠疫情期间，西班牙的一所学校为了让孩子们呼吸到更新鲜的空气，把教室搬到了海滩上。学生们在这里既可以很好地学习，也可以快乐地玩耍。
【答案详析】
1.C 推理判断题。根据第一段前两句“Hw abut having a class by the sea? Sunds like a dream desn't it?”可知，作者是通过提问的方式开篇的。
2.B细节理解题 根据第一段最后一句“It wants t help kids get better air duringCOVID-19.”可知.西班牙的这所学校把教室搬到海滩上是为了让孩子们呼吸到新鲜空气。
3.B细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Many f the students enjy staving n the beach.”和“I feel happier and mre relaxed here!”可知，学生们觉得在海边上课很放松。
4.A细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“They als teach the kids hw t catch fish.”可知.学生们在海边上课可以学习如何捕鱼。
5.D推理判断题。通读全文可知，作者写这篇文章主要是为了介绍西班牙的一所学校的一种新的上课方式。
【长难句分析】
原句：（第三段最后一句)They wn't frget what they have learned here.
译文：他们不会忘记在这里学到的东西。
分析：这是一个复合句。what they have learned here是what引导的宾语从句，作wn't frget的宾语。