2025年中考英语一轮复习练习第04讲 阅读理解之说明文（2份，原卷版+解析版）

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（2023·江西南昌·南昌市八一中学校考模拟预测）
Have yu ever heard f expressive writing?
Writing abut a terrible r difficult situatin is called “expressive writing”. Peple wh d this, recrd their deepest thughts and feelings. Dctr Pan, leader f this study f expressive writing as a highly effective way t deal with painful experiences, says these peple ften shw excellent mental and physical cnditin afterwards.
Expressive writing is effective because it allws yu t make sense ut f an upsetting and even heart-breaking experience. As yu write, yu are recgnizing what is happening arund, and accepting that smething is bthering yu is an imprtant first step. Next, translating that experience int language frces yu t rganize yur thughts and gives yu a sense f cntrl.
Thinking r talking abut an event seems useful. Hwever, the mre yu think r talk abut it, the mre likely yu will find yurself in a mess. As a result, yu get cmpletely lst in yur wn emtins and finally lse self-cntrl. Writing wrks differently as it makes yu slw dwn. The act f labeling a feeling f putting wrds t an emtin can ease(缓解) the neural(神经系统的) activities in the brain.
What if yu dn’t cnsider yurself “a writer”? Dn’t wrry abut spelling r grammar. Take it easy when yu chse the wrds r expressins. Only dig int yur inner self. The gal f the exercise is t find meaning in an upsetting event.
Many peple have tried this methd. After his father was rushed t the hspital because f a serius heart attack, 43-year-ld Alex began t panic. S he did the ne thing that wuld calm himself: he wrte. He thinks f it as a captain’s life buy(救生衣). “My expressive writing gave me the curage I need t face my fear and mve n,” Alex says.
There are a few wh are against this apprach. Accrding t them, expressive writing isn’t a magical slutin. Peple shuldn’t fully trust the effect f expressive writing. Neither shuld they think f using it t replace ther treatments. Peple wh are faced with a serius mental disaster may nt find it useful t d n their wn, withut medicine.
1．What’s the first step f expressive writing?
A．T write dwn what is bthering yu.B．T train yurself int an excellent writer.
C．T talk abut yur feelings t thers.D．T think abut the bad experience carefully.
2．Wh is Alex?
A．A captain n a ship.B．The sn f a patient wh has a serius heart attack.
C．A dctr in a hspital.D．The leader f a study abut expressive writing.
3．What des the underlined wrd “panic” mean accrding t the passage?
A．Cmplain.B．Fear.C．Dubt.D．Guard.
4．What benefits des expressive writing have?
a. It has a sense ut f an upsetting experience.
b. It’s easy t lse yur wn emtins and self-cntrl.
c. It frces yu t rganize yur thughts when writing.
d. It gives curage t face fear.
A．abcB．bcdC．acdD．abd
5．What’s the main idea f the last paragraph?
A．Expressive writing can deal with all kinds f prblems.
B．Sme peple dn’t think expressive writing as a perfect way.
C．Expressive writing can help with serius mental disasters.
D．Medicine is nt useful when smene has a mental disaster.
（2023·安徽宣城·安徽省宣城市第三中学校考模拟预测）
The HST was sent int space n April 24th, 1990. Here, HST stands fr Hubble Space Telescpe. This telescpe was named after the famus American scientist Edwin Hubble. The Hubble Space Telescpe is as heavy as 11 tns and is 43 feet lng. The pwer fr the telescpe is prvided by a few slar panels (太阳能板).
The Hubble Space Telescpe is the first large, space-based ptical (光学的) telescpe f the wrld. It takes pictures by using mirrrs. The HST’s traveling speed is abut 5 miles per secnd. This telescpe is abut 353 miles abve the Earth. Till nw, the Hubble Space Telescpe has taken mre than 1.2 millin pictures, including pictures f black hles and planets. This telescpe des nt travel t stars r planets. It nly takes their pictures.
The Hubble Space Telescpe is different frm ther telescpes n Earth because it flies high abve the Earth. It has a better view f things in space than telescpes n the Earth. The cameras placed in this telescpe can see many different lights. These cameras take nly black and white pictures. Scientists add different clrs t thse pictures later. After taking pictures f different things, it uses radi waves t send them thrugh the air back t the Earth. Each mnth, this telescpe sends back many pictures. The Hubble Space Telescpe can see things that are far away but it cannt see a few nearby things like the Sun.
6．Hw did the HST get its pwer?
A．Frm the mn.B．Frm the Earth.C．Frm the star.D．Frm the Sun.
7．What can we learn abut the HST?
A．It takes 1.2 millin pictures every year.B．It travels t stars t take pictures.
C．It uses mirrrs t take pictures.D．It mainly takes pictures f black hles.
8．What des the underlined wrd “it” in Paragraph 3 refer t?
A．The telescpe.B．The picture.C．The camera.D．The light.
（2023·浙江·模拟预测）
Dinner custms are different arund the wrld. If yu are a dinner guest in Ghana, this infrmatin will help yu.
In Ghana dinner is usually frm fur in the afternn t six in the evening. But there are n strict rules abut time in Ghana. Whenever a guest arrives, a family ffers fd.
When yu g t a hme, the hst takes yu t the living rm first. At this time everyne welcmes yu. Then yu g t the dining-rm. There yu wash yur hands in a bwl f water. All the fd is n the table.
In Ghana yu usually eat with yur fingers. Yu eat frm the same dish as everyne else. But yu eat frm ne side f the dish nly. It is nt plite t get fd frm the ther side f the dish. After dinner, yu wash yur hands again in a bwl f water.
Mst meals in Ghana have a dish called fufu. Peple in Ghana make fufu frm the pwder f sme plants. Smetimes they cut the fufu with a saw because it is very hard and like rubber. Yu must chew fufu well, r yu can get sick. Yu eat fufu with the fingers f yur right hand nly.
9．In the furth paragraph, the writer wants t tell us ________.
A．what t eat in GhanaB．hw much time t spend n a dinner
C．the way f eatingD．different fd at a dinner
10．If yu are dinner guest t a family in Ghana, yu’re first ________.
A．tld sme strict rules abut dinnerB．taken t the dining-rm
C．taken t the living rmD．tld t wash yur hands
11．The wrd “chew” in the last paragraph means ________.
A．smellB．taste
C．press with yur handsD．crush with yur teeth
12．At a dinner yu eat fd frm ________.
A．the tp f a dishB．the ther side f the dish
C．the dish nly fr yuD．just ne side f a dish
13．In Ghana, ________.
A．dinner is always at sixB．rules fr dinner time are nt strict
C．a family ffers fd nly at furD．yu dn’t have t wash yur hands again after dinner
（2023·浙江·模拟预测）
Mre and mre peple are speaking t their cmputers r mbile devices t search fr things nline r n their hard drives. Vice recgnitin technlgy, like Ggle’s Vice Search r Apple’s Siri, means ur technlgy is beginning t understand what we are saying. The technlgy research cmpany Nrthstar recently cnducted Ggle’s Mbile Vice Study and fund that vice searches n mbile devices have mre than dubled in the past year. Nrthstar said that vice search is a lt mre ppular amng teenagers than adults. Researchers interviewed 1,400 Americans. They fund that 55 per cent f teens use vice search at least nce a day, cmpared with 41 per cent f adults.
Ggle’s Vice President fr Cnversatinal Search explained hw imprtant vice search is becming. He said, “Vice search is a key feature f the Ggle app that’s becming ever mre imprtant as peple spend mre time n their mbile phnes.” The research fund that many teenagers thught vice search was a nrmal part f technlgy, whereas adults said it made them feel “tech savvy”. Bth teens and adults used vice search t multi-task while watching TV r cking. Researchers said peple used vice search fr different purpses. One imprtant use fr teens was t study. Almst ne-third f the 13-18-year-lds surveyed said they ask their phnes fr answers t their hmewrk.
14．Why d mre and mre peple speak t their cmputers r mbile devices?
A．Because they like t shw ff.
B．Because they want t search fr things nline r n their hard drives.
C．Because this is the nly way t lk fr infrmatin.
D．Because they are busy with thers matters.
15．What des the underlined phrase “tech savvy” in paragraph tw mean?
A．Having a gd knwledge f technlgy.
B．Caring abut technlgy.
C．Imprving technlgy.
D．Making full use f technlgy.
16．When d teens and adults use vice search t multi-task?
A．When they read.B．When they ck.
C．When they d hmewrk.D．When they becme tired.
17．Which f the fllwing is TRUE abut vice search?
A．It is mre ppular amng adults than teenagers.
B．Teens use it t play games.
C．It is the achievement f the develpment f technlgy.
D．It suggests that peple like talking mre than they like typing.
18．What is the passage mainly abut?
A．Imprtance f cmputers and mbile phnes.
B．Different purpses f using vice search.
C．Opinins n the right use f vice search.
D．Ppularity f vice search amng peple.
（2023·重庆渝中·重庆巴蜀中学校考模拟预测）
D yu have gd friends? D yu smetimes feel s clse t them that they are like family t yu?
It turns ut that this isn’t just an expressin. A study has fund that yu and yur friends have mre genes （基因） in cmmn than strangers d. Researchers lked at the genes f 1,932 peple and cmpared them in pairs f unrelated friends and strangers. They fund that friends have 1% f genes that match.
1% f genes may nt sund like much t us, but t geneticists it is a larger number. In fact, this is the same amunt f genes yu share with yur furth cusins.
S d yu happen t becme friends with peple wh share yur genes? Nt at all. In fact, it is evlutin （进化） that brings yu tgether.
Peple wh share certain genes als share skills and have similar likes and dislikes. In ancient times, it was imprtant that peple wh were alike stayed tgether. Fr example, peple wh had a similar susceptibility （易感性）, giving them a better chance t stay alive.
Amng all the genes studied, thse prducing a change in sense f smell were the mst similar in friends. This is prbably because peple wh smell things in the same way are mre easily drawn t similar envirnments. Fr example, peple wh like the smell f cffee may hang ut at cafes mre ften and as a result are mre likely t meet and becme friends with each ther.
With these findings, researchers have develped an interesting test called the “friendship scre”.
It can help tell hw likely tw peple will be friends by studying their genes.
S, here is a questin fr yu: wuld yu like t take this test and knw in advance （提前） wh yur friends are ging t be.
19．What des the authr mean by saying “It turns ut that this isn’t just an expressin”?
A．Friends lk like ur cusin.
B．Friends share 1% f genes with us.
C．Friends feel clse t ur family.
D．Friends can help us when we feel cld.
20．The writer takes the example f ancient peple in Paragraph 5 t ________.
A．study hw ancient peple dealt with the cld
B．predict that similar envirnments lead t friendship
C．prve that it is evlutin that brings friends tgether
D．explain why ancient peple gave each ther chance t keep alive
21．Accrding t this passage, what is the right relatinship?
A．Evlve same skills and hbbies → Same Genes → Becme friends
B．Same Genes → Evlve same skills and hbbies → Becme friends
C．Same Genes → Becme friends → Evlve same skills and hbbies
D．Becme friends → Evlve same skills and hbbies → Same Genes
22．Yu decide t use the “friendship scre” described in the article t make an App based n the purpse f the scre. What’s the best name fr yur new App?
A．Hell Gene!B．Gene TestC．Green FinderD．Gene Friends
（2023·福建福州·福建省福州第十六中学校联考模拟预测）
Fr middle and primary schl students, being able t ck has becme a must. They will als need t learn hw t plant vegetables, raise pultry (家禽) and mend hme appliances (家电) under new requirements fr labr educatin.
The Ministry f Educatin (MOE) brught ut a new standard fr labr educatin in schls last year. Starting frm the 2022 fall semester, students in primary and middle schls have t take curses n labr skills at least nce a week.
Labr educatin helps students value hard wrk. It includes things like husehld chres (家务), n-campus labr and cmmunity vlunteer services.
The new standards include three types f labr tasks. The first is fr things like everyday chres, including cleaning, rganizing, cking, and using and maintaining hme appliances. Next is prductive labr, including agriculture, making traditinal handicrafts, and applying new technlgies such as 3D printing and laser cutting (激光切割). The third type is service wrk, which includes vlunteer wrk.
Schls in China have traditinally placed mre fcus n studying and many have seen husehld chres as a waste f children’s time. But accrding t the MOE, labr educatin must be built up t help students cultivate (培养) scial values and develp an interest in labr.
Online, peple have been busy discussing the new standards n scial media.
Liu Fang, a mther f 6-year-ld twins in Beijing, strngly supprts labr educatin. Fr the past year, she has trained her daughters t d husehld chres and make simple dishes fr the family.
“The main idea is t let them share respnsibility as family members and becme independent as early as they can,” said Liu. “Thrugh ding husewrk, their hand-eye crdinatin (协调), time management and rganizatin skills can be trained and it’s als gd t help them relax.” Thrugh such educatin, Liu said her twins have fund fun in ding chres and are mre independent.
23．Wh shuld take part in the labr curse accrding t the new standard fr labr educatin in schls?
A．students ver 20 years ldB．students in junir high schl
C．parentsD．teachers and students
24．What can students learn thrugh labr educatin?
a. Hw t plant vegetables.
b. Hw t raise chickens r ducks.
c Hw t be mre fcused in class.
d. Hw t fix cmputers r fridges.
A．abcB．abdC．bcdD．acd
25．What is Paragraph 4 mainly abut?
A．Why students shuld receive labr educatin.
B．What labr educatin was like in China in the past.
C．The types f labr educatin included in the new standard.
D．Hw students find a balance between their study and labr tasks.
26．What des Liu Fang think f labr educatin?
A．It’s t simple fr students.
B．It isn’t fun enugh fr students
C．It takes up t much f students’ free time.
D．It helps students develp different skills.
27．What is the passage mainly abut?
A．New curses fr primary schl students.
B．Labr educatin fr primary and middle schl students.
C．Ways t cultivate students’ scial values.
D．New technlgies used in primary and middle schls.
（2023·甘肃平凉·校考模拟预测）
If yu dn’t use yur arms r yur legs fr sme time, they will becme weak; when yu start using them again, they will gradually (逐渐地) becme strnger again. Everybdy knws this. Yet many peple dn’t seem t knw that it is the same as ur memry.
If a friend says that his arms and legs are weak, we knw that it is his wn fault. But if he tells us that he has a pr memry, many f us think that his parents are t blame (责怪), and few f us knw that it is just his wn fault.
Have yu ever fund that sme peple can’t read r write but they usually have better memries? This is because they can’t read r write and they have t remember things; they can’t write them dwn in a little ntebk. They must remember dates, names, sngs and stries; s their memries are being exercised the whle time.
S if yu want a gd memry, learn frm these peple: practice remembering.
28．If yu dn’t use yur arms r legs fr sme time, they will ________.
A．becme strngB．breakC．becme weakD．hurt
29．What des the wrd “ fault” mean in the secnd paragraph?
A．困难B．过错C．粗心D．聪明
30．What d many peple think f the persn with a pr memry?
A．His parents are t blame.B．He isn’t clever.
C．He is flish.D．His parents are very clever.
31．Sme peple can’t read r write, but they usually have better memries because ________.
A．they are strngB．they ften practice remembering things
C．they have strng arms and legsD．their parents are gd
32．What des the passage mainly (主要) talk abut?
A．Arms and legsB．ExerciseC．BehavirD．Memry
（2023·广东东莞·统考三模）
Xinjiang lies in the nrthwest part f China. Its many cities are ppular places fr turist such as Turpan, Kashi, Aksu and the prvincial capital city Urumqi. As Xinjiang is a prvince with quite a lt f minrity grups (少数民族), there are sme lcal traditinal festivals that we might nt quite knw f.
Grape Festival is ne traditinal festival in Turpan. It is the hmetwn f grapes. This wrld-knwn city welcmes the lcal peple as well as internatinal friends t celebrate the festival tgether. This festival is nt just a celebratin f Turpan’s mst imprtant agricultural prduct, but a gd chance t enjy the lcal way f life. During the yearly Turpan Grape Festival, wedding parties in the Uygur minrity style and traditinal singing and dancing activities are held. The trade fairs are als included. Besides, travelers may visit the grape, meln, and fruit streets.
Turpan Grape Festival is a special event t cmmemrate the ancient Silk Rad s that peple will nt frget abut this rad. The rad played an imprtant rle in cnnecting the cmmunicatin f trade and cultures between the east and the west. Turpan is famus as an imprtant pint f the rad.
33．Which f the fllwing is the prvincial capital city f Xinjiang?
A．Aksu.B．Turpan.C．Kashi.D．Urumqi.
34．What is the underlined wrd “It” in Paragraph Tw refer t?
A．Grape Festival.B．Grape.
C．Turpan.D．Silk Rad.
35．Which f the fllwing is TRUE?
A．Xinjiang is a ppular turist place in the nrtheast part f China.
B．Xinjiang desn’t have many peple frm the minrity grups.
C．Grape Festival in Turpan is a gd way t enjy the lcal way f life.
D．In the ld times, Urumqi was the starting pint f the ancient Silk Rad
36．The underlined wrd “cmmemrate” prbably means “ ________”.
A．rememberB．frgetC．intrduceD．cntinue
37．What is the passage mainly abut?
A．It tells us which part Xinjiang is in.
B．It intrduces Grape Festival in Turpan.
C．It tells us the imprtance f Silk Rad.
D．It tells us sme traditinal festivals in Xinjiang.
（2023·广西梧州·统考一模）
China is a big cuntry f fd and its fd culture is well-knwn in the wrld. Frm ancient China t mdern China, fd recipes (食谱) have been develped all the time, and sme recipes are nt nly ppular in China, but als all ver the wrld.
Rice ndles cked with river snails (螺蛳粉), a kind f ppular street fd f Liuzhu in Guangxi, are becming a ppular snack at hme and abrad.
Knwn as Lusifen in Chinese, the dish is usually sld frm radside stands (路边摊) in night markets in Guangxi.
The dish was listed as part f Liuzhu’s intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) in 2008 and became ppular after being intrduced in the fd shw A Bite f China in 2012. Since then, Lusifen restaurants have develped quickly acrss the cuntry.
It’s said that 28.4 millin packets (包) f Lusifen were sld n Taba last year, becming the mst ppular snack n the nline marketplace.
Accrding t the cmmerce ffice in Liuzhu, the value f prepackaged Lusifen reached abut 5 billin yuan in the first half f the year.
It was als ne f the best-selling fds during the COVID-19 in China.
Experts said that a ttal f arund 7.5 millin yuan’s (abut $1.1 millin) wrth f Lusifen was exprted frm Liuzhu frm January t June in 2020, eight times the ttal exprt value in 2019. In additin t the traditinal exprt markets, including the US, Australia, France, the delicius dish has als been delivered t new markets such as Singapre and New Zealand.
On July 14, 2020, ver 14,000 packets f Lusifen prduced by Guangxi Lubawang Fd C., Ltd. (有限公司) were exprted t Russia.
根据语篇内容，选择最佳选项。
38．Where are rice ndles cked with river snails usually sld?
A．On the radside stands.B．In the supermarket.C．In the big restaurants.
39．Lusifen restaurants have develped quickly all ver the cuntry since ________.
A．the year 2008B．the year 2012C．the year 2019
40．What’s the meaning f the underlined wrd “exprt” in Chinese?
A．进口B．扩充C．出口
41．Which f the fllwing markets is new fr rice ndles cked with river snails?
A．America.B．Australia.C．Singapre.
42．What des this article mainly talk abut?
A．Fd.B．Educatin.C．Sprt.
（2023·河北唐山·统考二模）
Have yu ever been in a class when all the students are kept in at lunchtime just because tw r three students wn’t stp talking? The teacher gets irate and suddenly everyne is in truble instead f just the students wh caused the prblem. This is called “cllective (集体的) punishment” and many students in Australia want it stpped in schls.
Sme say that cllective punishment teaches yung peple that their behavir has an effect n ther peple. As mst f us want t be liked and “fit in” (顺应), all students then feel that they have t behave well.
Others say that this type f punishment causes students t feel angry with the students wh are nt behaving well. It destrys trust and gd relatinships between classmates.
But cllective punishment can harm students wh want t d the right thing. Teachers at my schl say that sme students becme t disappinted t cme t schl. They are unhappy because their class gets class detentin (课后留校) mst days and is knwn as the “bad grup”.
A parent at this same schl believes that this type f punishment is useful because it helps teachers t knw which students are nt behaving well. She thinks that when a class knws they may be given a detentin, the students wh were ding the wrng thing will wn up (承认).
Our schl’s psychlgist (心理学家), Miriam Kch, says that students wh have learning difficulties and keep making truble in classrms ften have pr scial skills. Her pinin is that cllective punishment can keep these students away frm their classmates. She believes that it is best fr teachers t use grup rewards (奖励) and clear rules fr students behavir t help develp teamwrk.
43．What des the underlined wrd “irate” mean?
A．Silent.B．Angry.C．Lst.D．Wrried.
44．In what way is cllective punishment gd?
A．It gets students t wrk harder.B．It brings students hearts clser.
C．It helps keep rder in the classrm.D．It helps frm gd teacher-student relatinships.
45．Hw can cllective punishment harm students wh want t d the right thing?
A．They feel unlved.B．They cpy bad behavir.
C．They hate t g t schl.D．They avid seeing peple
46．Why des the parent find cllective punishment useful?
A．It helps teachers t find trublemakers.
B．It makes students tell n ne anther.
C．It allws students t knw ne anther better.
D．It gets teachers t help badly-behaved students.
47．What des Miriam Kch think f trublemakers in a classrm?
A．They want t get rewards.B．They have gd scial skills.
C．They are nt clear abut rules.D．They may get wrse after cllective punishment.
（2023·湖北武汉·统考模拟预测）
D yu have scial jetlag?
Our sleep changes thrugh ur lives in many different ways. When it cmes t the hurs f sleep that we need, they seems t becme less as we get lder. Even thugh it may seem that teenagers need a lt f sleep,14-year-ld t 17-year-ld typically need arund 8 t 10 hurs per night, which isn’t t dissimilar t adults 7 t 9 hurs per night .
The timing f ur sleep changes as we age. During adlescence（青春期）, sleep timing becmes later. Interestingly, this change in sleep timing happens in adlescents arund the wrld and is even fund in ther mammals（哺乳动物）. Because sciety is changing and yung peple ften have t live ut f their natural ways because they have t get up early t g t schl in the week. If they are unable t fall asleep early, this can mean they may nt sleep enugh. When the weekend arrives, they have mre cntrl ver their schedule（日程安排）, s ★. They may try t “catch up” n sleep lss during the schl week.
This shift in sleep timing has been called “scial jetlag”, as a change in schedule can lead t jetlag symptms（症状）. Scial jetlag has been cnnected with factrs including fatness and unhappiness. It is smetimes suggested that a weekend lie-in （睡懒觉） is fine, but that prper wake time shuld be within tw hurs f that during the weekday, t make peple becme well frm n enugh sleep, while stpping scial jetlag frm becming wrse.
48．What d we knw abut the hurs f sleep? ________
A．Mst teenagers need less sleep than adults.
B．We need mre sleep as we grw lder.
C．The hurs f sleep change thrugh ur lives in almst the same way.
D．There are small differences in the hurs f sleep adults and children need.
49．Which f the fllwing can be put in ★? ________
A．they get up earlier.
B．they stay up late and play games.
C．they fall asleep earlier and wake up later.
D．they talk abut their schl lives with their parents.
50．Which f the fllwing may best describe “scial jetlag”? ________
A．A change in sleep timing.
B．A symptm f unhappiness.
C．A feeling abut sleep lss.
D．An actin f a weekend lie-in.
51．Accrding t the passage, t stp scial jetlag frm becming wrse, we can ________.
A．wake up at 7:30 n the weekday and wake up at 9:00 n the weekend
B．wake up tw hurs earlier n weekends than the wake time n weekdays
C．take a nap ften and wake up at the same time n the weekend
D．have a weekend lie-in all the mrning and nt wake up till nn
52．The writer’s writing purpse is t ________.
A．tell peple smething abut “scial jetlag”
B．advise peple t g t bed early and get up early
C．shw his surprise abut the change in peple’s lives
D．shw the sciety is develping
（2023·湖南娄底·统考二模）
Nbdy wants t lse, but we must accept that lsing is a part f life. After all, we can’t win all the time. Hwever, we can learn smething valuable frm every failure (失败). This may help us succeed in the future. S we must knw hw t be a gd lser.
We mustn’t be afraid f lsing. When we lse, just take it with a smile and lk n the bright side f it. Failure can’t be avided in ur life. Edisn failed 10, 000 times befre he invented the light bulb (灯泡). When he was asked hw he felt, he said that he hadn’t failed10, 000 times but had learned 10, 000 things which didn’t wrk. We must knw that histry is full f examples f men and wmen wh achieved success althugh they failed many times.
Lsing is nt very disgraceful. We must accept ur failure and learn t take advantage f it. Remember that it can be helpful. Take actin t walk ut f it. When we lse, think abut what we did and hw we can imprve. If smene else can help, we’ll be lucky enugh. Maybe he r she has been thrugh the same experience befre. Many peple enjy helping thers slve prblems. This can save us a lt f time in learning hw t avid the same mistakes in the future.
We shuld face ur failure when we lse. There is nly ne winner in every cmpetitin. Sme win, while sme lse. That is a usual way f life. If we ffer ur cngratulatins (祝贺) t the winners and share in their happiness, we wn’t feel srry fr ur failure.
In a wrd, being a gd lser will help us t succeed in life. It might be painful at the beginning, but there are many advantages. Gd lsers set examples t us, and mst imprtantly, they finally win.
53．What can we learn frm every failure accrding t the text?
A．A way f life.B．A valuable thing.C．A secret f success.
54．In the writer’s eyes, why did Edisn achieve success?
A．He gt help frm thers.B．He avided pssible mistakes.C．He saw the bright side f lsing
55．What des the underlined wrd “disgraceful” prbably mean?
A．Bad.B．Persnal.C．Dangerus.
56．What des the writer advise the lsers t d in a cmpetitin?
A．Express the regrets.B．Frget the failure.C．Share in the winners’ enjyment.
57．What is the best title fr the text?
A．Ideas abut Hw t Avid Mistakes
B．Advice n Hw t Be a Gd Lser
C．Advantages f bth Success and Failure
（2023·江苏镇江·统考一模）
Every mrning at dg parks, yu can find many peple sitting and chatting with ne anther as their dgs run and chase each ther arund. Dg parks have becme quite ht since 2009.
Dg parks sund like a gd idea. Accrding t a survey, 91 percent f Americans believe dg parks give dgs safe places t exercise. These parks, they say, als allw dgs t scialize（交际）. Hwever, are dg parks as gd fr dgs as peple think? Many dg experts（专家）, including myself, have a different vice t ffer.
T start with, “dg scializatin” isn’t just dgs “scializing” with ther dgs. Instead, it is the prcess f puppies（小狗） under 20 weeks ging thrugh new experiences. This prcess helps them t have mre cnfidence. Dg parks are nt safe places t “scialize” a yung dg. An energetic, nisy greeter at the park may be enugh t cause it t be afraid f everything. A park setting als allws dgs t pick up bad habits frm ne anther.
Yet ne f the biggest dangers f dg parks is that mst dgs there dn’t receive vaccines（疫苗）. Sme dg parks lk clean, but it is still easy fr dgs t spread diseases t each ther. Mrever, dg parks ften allw large and small dgs t be tgether. Smetimes, a large dg may easily hurt a smaller ne seriusly.
T cnclude, it is far safer and mre fun fr yur dg t keep away frm dg parks and spend that time with yu. Yu can als take yur puppy t puppy classes. They are much better places fr dgs t scialize than dg parks. There, yur dg can meet playmates f similar ages.
58．What des the underlined wrd it refer t in Paragraph 3?
A．A nisy dg.B．A yung dg.C．An energetic dg.D．A sick dg.
59．What des Paragraph 4 mainly tell us?
A．The rules f the dg parks.B．The risks f the dg parks.
C．The safety tips frm the dg parks.D．The new experiences in the dg parks.
60．The purpse f this passage is t ________.
A．expect dg parks t have a strnger and better management
B．call n dg parks t ffer different classes t different dgs
C．encurage mre dg wners t take their dgs t dg parks
D．advise dg wners t find ther ways t help dgs scialize
（2023·山东济宁·统考二模）
“I’ll finish my hmewrk befre playing vide games.”
“Yur dress lks beautiful.”
“I wn’t spend all the mney n snacks.”
All lies! Mst f us have tld a lie at ne time r anther. Hwever, scientists fund that lying can harm yur brain (大脑). It may stp yu frm ding ther imprtant tasks.
When yu tell the truth, yur brain desn’t have t d any extra (额外的) wrk. But lying takes much mre wrk.
Imagine yu’re late t class. The teacher asks why and yu decide t lie. S yu say: “I picked up a bk frm the library.” Yur teacher asks, “The bk I assigned (布置) last time?” Then yu must decide hw t answer the questin. If yu say yes, the teacher might ask t see the bk. S yu might say: “N.” Nw yu have t think f a bk title. Yu need t make sure it’s a bk the library actually has. See? When yu lie, yur brain wrks a lt mre t keep the lie frm falling apart.
Yu just gave yur brain a lt f extra wrk. An area called the prefrntal crtex (前额皮质) des the wrk. It’s the part in charge f shrt memry. That area als takes care f planning, prblem-slving and self-cntrl.
Using t much brainpwer t lie means there’s less available fr ther things-like slve math prblems. Lying is even harder fr yung peple. The prefrntal crtex is nt fully develped until age 25. S when yung peple are busy with lying, they’ll have a harder time ding ther things, like making study plans r eating a healthy diet. S think twice befre lying next time!
61．What did the scientists find ut abut telling lies?
A．It happens quite ften.B．Mst students have dne it.
C．It is bad fr peple’s brains.D．It’s an imprtant way t prtect neself.
62．What happens t yur brain when yu lie?
A．It wrks mre slwly.B．It has t d sme extra wrk.
C．It ften says yes t thers.D．It becmes better at answering questins.
63．Accrding t the stry, why is it harder fr peple under 25 t tell lies?
A．Because they are nt clever enugh.
B．Because they have t much brainpwer.
C．Because they dn’t have fully grwn brains.
D．Because they are still learning hw t talk t ther peple.
64．What is the best title f the passage?
A．Mre lies, mre wrkB．Lies make us healthy
C．Lies grw with ageD．Lies are difficult
（2023·山东淄博·统考中考真题）
Have yu ever read Andersen’s fairy tale The Ugly Duckling (丑小鸭)? D yu knw that his mtherland is Denmark? It lies in nrthern Eurpe. Let me tell yu smething abut it.
Yu can find almst any fast fd in Denmark, such as hamburgers and ht dgs. Danish pen-faced sandwiches are nt nly delicius, but als pretty and fun. They are wrks f art. Tasting sme is an experience that shuldn’t be missed.
“Leg” tys were created in Denmark. The tys were made f wd befre. Building with Legs helps students learn abut engineering, physics and technlgy in a fun way. In 1968, the first Legland theme park pened in Billund, Denmark. Tday, there are Legland parks in Califrnia, Flrida, Malaysia, Dubai, Windsr, Japan and Germany.
Bicycling is ppular in Denmark. Nine ut f ten Danes have a bike. They ride their bikes n matter what the weather. They aren’t just riding bikes fr fun. They use bikes t get t wrk, t take their kids t places, and even t carry gds. Tday, mre and mre peple are chsing bikes ver cars. They have a saying in Denmark: “A bicycle is a Dane’s best friend.”
Denmark is called the land f fairy tales. Andersen’s anther ppular fairy tale is The Little Mermaid (美人鱼). The Little Mermaid statue (雕塑) has been regarded as Denmark’s mst famus landmark since 1913. The Danes believe that she brings them gd luck.
65．What des the underlined wrd “It” in Paragraph 1 refer t?
A．The Ugly Duckling.B．Denmark.C．Eurpe.D．Fast fd.
66．Accrding t Paragraph 4, we can call Denmark “________”.
A．the cuntry f bikesB．the land f fairy stries
C．the capital f artD．the hme f Legs
67．Which f the fllwing is true abut the Little Mermaid statue?
A．It’s called fairy land.B．It was built by Andersen.
C．It welcmes the ships there.D．It has been there fr abut 110 years.
68．What des the passage mainly talk abut?
A．Fairy tales.B．Andersen’s life.
C．Sme facts abut Denmark.D．The histry f Denmark.
（2023·江苏常州·统考中考真题）
Scientists wh study happiness have evidence (证据) t shw that being kind t thers can result in happiness. Acts as simple as buying a cup f cffee fr smene can lift a persn’s md, fr example. Everyday life is full f chances fr such actins, yet peple d nt always make the mst f them.
In studies, behaviral scientist Nichlas Epley and I examined a pssible explanatin: peple wh d kind acts underestimate (低估) hw much the nes receiving kindness value their behavir.
In the experiments (实验), abut 1, 000 peple were asked t d sme actins t make smene else feel gd. We asked bth the persn perfrming (执行) the kind act and the ne receiving it t answer sme questins. The perfrmers were asked t reprt their wn experience and t guess hw the receivers might feel. We wanted t understand hw valuable peple cnsidered these acts t be, s bth the perfrmer and receiver had t rate (评分) hw “big” the act seemed. In all cases, we cmpared the perfrmer’s expectatins f the receiver’s md with the receiver’s actual (实际的) experience.
Fr ne, bth perfrmers and receivers experienced mre psitive (积极的) mds. Fr anther, the receivers felt much better than the kind perfrmers expected. The receivers als rated these acts as “bigger” than the peple perfrming them did.
At first, we studied acts f the kindness dne fr familiar peple, such as friends, classmates r family. But we fund that perfrmers underestimated their psitive influences n strangers as well. In ne experiment, perfrmers in a public park gave away ht chclate n a cld winter’s day t peple that just happened t be nearby. Again, the kind act brught mre happiness than the perfrmers expected.
These findings suggest that what might seem small culd matter a great deal t the persn we d it fr. Cnsidering these warm actins can imprve ur wn md and brighten the day f anther persn, why nt chse kindness when we can?
69．What did the receivers d in the experiments?
A．They shwed kindness t thers.
B．They guessed the perfrmers’ feelings.
C．They rated hw valuable the perfrmers’ act f kindness was.
D．They cmpared the perfrmers’ expectatins with their actual results.
70．What is paragraph 5 mainly abut?
A．Different purpses f the research.B．Mre evidence fr the research results.
C．Pssible influences f the research findings.D．Anther explanatin f the research methds.
71．What is the writer’s attitude (态度) twards shwing kindness t thers?
A．Supprtive.B．Unclear.C．Dubtful.D．Uninterested.
72．What is the main idea f this article?
A．Being kind can reduce ne’s happiness as expected.
B．Kindness can have unexpectedly psitive influences.
C．Chsing kindness is mre difficult than expected.
D．Shwing kindness is mre valuable than receiving it.
（2023·江西·统考中考真题）
Why d We Yawn?
D yu yawn? There are abut 20 reasns that scientists think are pssible fr yawning after research. They d nt knw exactly why yawning happens, but they d knw many facts abut yawning.
We knw that everyne yawns in the same way. First yu pen yur muth slwly. Yur muth stays pen fr abut five secnds. Yu take in a lt f air and then push it ut. Then yu quickly clse yur muth. We als knw that yawning is cntagius. When yu see smene yawn, yu yawn, t.
Many peple say they yawn because they are bred r tired. That might be true. Peple d ften yawn befre they sleep and after they wake up. Hwever, we knw that peple als yawn when they are excited r nervus. Olympic runners, fr example, ften yawn befre a race. Why is that? In 2007, scientists fund that a yawn can help a warm brain cl dwn.
Sme scientists believe that yawning makes yu ntice things mre quickly. When yu yawn, yu breathe deeply. Yu als stretch (强化) the muscles (肌肉) in yur face, muth, and neck. Yur eardrums stretch, t. Maybe this helps yu t be quicker t ntice things.
In sme cuntries, peple think yawning is nt nice. Peple put their hands ver their muths t cver a yawn. In ther cuntries, peple think yawning is healthy. They think that pening the muth very big can let gd things in. When they breathe ut, they think that bad things g ut f the bdy with the air.
Scientists d nt spend much time studying yawning. That is prbably because yawning des nt hurt. It is just smething we d.
73．What des the underlined wrd “cntagius” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．Able t spread quickly.B．Able t breathe easily.
C．Able t change easily.D．Able t sleep quickly.
74．Why d Olympic runners ften yawn befre a race?
A．They are t tired r t bred.
B．A yawn can let gd things in.
C．A yawn can help a warm brain cl dwn.
D．A yawn can stretch the muscles in their faces.
75．What is the main idea f Paragraph 5?
A．Reasns fr yawning.B．Advantages f yawning.
C．Disadvantages f yawning.D．Different ideas abut yawning.
76．What can we prbably infer frm the passage?
A．Peple use different ways t yawn.
B．Scientists will d further research n yawning.
C．It’s hard t ntice things quickly while yawning.
D．Sme scientists think yawning is gd fr peple.
77．What wuld be the best structure f the passage?
A．B．C．D．
（2023·重庆·统考中考真题）
The Chinese pingfeng (flding screen) is an ancient inventin and traditinal Chinese furniture (家具). Its earliest cmmn use dates frm the Han Dynasty. The term pingfeng means prtectin frm wind, shwing its purpse at the very beginning.
As time passes, it has been made int different sizes with clurful paintings. On screens usually appears a dragn. It’s a symbl f light, grwth and life-giving water. It als stands fr nbility and pwer. The peacck, a beautiful bird, can be seen n screens, t. It’s a symbl f everlasting life. Beautiful flwers, which mean wealth and gd luck, are als chsen as a ppular design f the pingfeng. All the designs carry peple’s beautiful wishes.
Behind the pingfeng lies an interesting stry. In the past the unmarried daughter f a rich family was nt suppsed t see r be seen by men except her father, brthers r very clse male cusins. When an admirer paid a visit hwever, she might take a secret lk at him frm a screen behind which she wuld be cmpletely hidden. Her father wuld discuss pems with the yung man and ask him t create ne. If the daughter and her father were satisfied with the yung man’s pem and his lks, she might agree t take him as a husband.
Tday the pingfeng is back in fashin fr its beauty and its practical (实际的) use as furniture. Acting as a mving wall r divider, it can be the perfect match (相配) fr mdern sfas and walls, which adds style t them.
The pingfeng is mre than beautiful furniture.
78．What was the pingfeng used fr at the very beginning?
A．Prtecting peple frm wind.B．Dividing a rm.
C．Making a rm beautiful.D．Hiding a persn.
79．Which design is a symbl f wealth and gd luck?
A．The dragn.B．The peacck.C．The water.D．The flwers.
80．Hw des the writer develp his idea in Paragraph 2?
A．By telling a stry.B．By giving examples.
C．By cmparing differences.D．By explaining the result.
81．What is the best title fr the passage?
A．The Practical Use f the Pingfeng
B．A Beautiful Stry f the Pingfeng
C．Old Pingfeng in Mdem Hmes
D．The Hidden Beauty f the Pingfeng
（2023·广东·统考中考真题）
Sme animals can easily find their way hme after a lng jurney. Hw d they make it? Scientific research shws that they are brn with certain unusual abilities fr directin.
A certain kind f ants, fr example, can cunt their steps t avid getting lst. They can g as far as 110 metres and bring fd hme. These ants live in the pen desert (沙漠), s they have nthing t guide them alng the way. It’s like smene walking six kilmetres thrugh a dark frest.
Sme fish have an unbelievable sense f smell. They can smell even a single drp f their hme water in a large sea area. Sme sea birds have a similar ability. They are able t make a smell map f their flying area.
Sme animals can sense the earth’s magnetic field (磁场), while humans can’t. This magnetic field guides a certain kind f fish when they swim a lng way t a place and then back. Hw can this kind f fish d that? It is still a mystery. Scientists have n gd answers yet.
Hwever, animals with such unusual abilities still have difficulty dealing with envirnmental changes caused by human activities. Fr example, many birds depend n stars fr directin, but they get lst easily at night when city lights are kept n all night. T slve this prblem, we can simply turn ff sme lights at night. Clearly, ne small act f humans may mean a lt t animals.
82．Where is this passage mst prbably frm?
A．A strybk.B．An art magazine.
C．A guidebk.D．A science magazine.
83．Hw can a certain kind f ants find their way?
A．By imagining the way.B．By cunting their steps.
C．By bringing fd tgetherD．By walking thrugh a frest.
84．What des the underlined wrd “mystery” in paragraph 4 prbably mean?
A．Secret.B．Chice.C．Reasn.D．Feeling.
85．What are peple advised t d accrding t the last paragraph?
A．T help animals.B．T travel at night.
C．T keep city lights n.D．T develp unusual abilities.
86．Which can be the best title fr the passage?
A．Birds’ Sense f LightB．Fish’s Sense f Smell
C．Animals’ Sense f DirectinD．Animals’ Sense f Magnetic Field