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    2025年中考英语二轮复习讲与练专题04 数词 & 主谓一致(2份,原卷版+解析版)

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    2025年中考英语二轮复习讲与练专题04 数词 & 主谓一致(2份,原卷版+解析版)

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    这是一份2025年中考英语二轮复习讲与练专题04 数词 & 主谓一致(2份,原卷版+解析版),文件包含2025年中考英语二轮复习讲与练专题04数词主谓一致原卷版docx、2025年中考英语二轮复习讲与练专题04数词主谓一致解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源,其中试卷共25页, 欢迎下载使用。
    表示数量多少或顺序先后的词称为数词。英语中的数词分为基数词和序数词两类。基数词表示数目“多少”;序数词表示数目的顺序“第几”。考查重点:日期的表达方法;某些数词的特殊表达形式;数词单位hundred, thusand, millin的用法。
    1.(2023·黑龙江)Red Star ver China (《红星照耀中国》) is s ppular that ________ f the students in ur class have finished reading it.
    A. tw thirdB. tw thirdsC. secnd three
    【答案】B
    【解析】句意:《红星照耀中国》非常受欢迎,我们班三分之二的学生都读完了。
    考查分数表达。基数词作分子,序数词作分母,除了分子是“1”以外,其他情况下序数词都要用复数形式。B选项符合。故选B。
    2.(2023·山东滨州)The number f the fans ging t this cncert is abut three ________. And ________ f them are girls.
    A. thusand; tw thirdB. thusands; tw third
    C. thusand; tw thirdsD. thusands; tw thirds
    【答案】C
    【解析】句意:去听这场音乐会的歌迷大约有三千人,其中三分之二是女孩。
    考查thusand和分数的表达。thusand被具体的基数词修饰时,用单数形式,且不与f连用,表示具体的数词,空前有three,所以第一空填thusand;分数的表达:分子(基数词)/分母(序数词),当分子大于1时,分母中的序数词要变为复数,所以三分之二则表达为“tw thirds”,故选C。
    一、基数词
    基数词的写法或读法 表示数目多少的数词叫基数词。如ne, five, ten, thirty, sixty-five
    1. 基数词的写法或读法
    二、序数词
    表示顺序先后的数词叫序数词,如 first, sixth, tenth, twenty-first 等

    三、数词的运用
    数词下面几种用法
    1.表示事物的编号,用“名词+基数词”或“the+序数词+名词”。如:
    Rm 308 308房 the fifth flr 五楼
    2.表示年月日,“年”用基数词,“日”用序数词。如:
    1 Octber, 1949 1949年10月1日
    3.表示时间,用基数词。如:
    2∶10 tw ten 3∶30 three thirty / half past three
    4.表示百分数,用基数词。如:
    80% eighty per cent 33% thirty-three per cent
    5.表示小数,用基数词。如:
    0.24 (zer) pint tw fur 10.75 ten pint seventy-five
    6.表示电话号码,用基数词。如:
    8370 9295 eight three seven , nine tw nine five
    7.表示年龄,用基数词。表示第几个生日,用序数词。如:
    Tm is five (years ld). 汤姆五岁了。
    8.表示分数,分子用基数词,分母用序数词;如果分子大于1,分母要用复数。1 / 5 ne fifth 2/5 tw-fifths
    数词几种常见考点
    (1) hundred, thusand, millin, billin等前面有具体数字或several时,用单数形式,但表示不确切的数目时,用hundreds / thusands / millins / billins f等。
    如:There are fur hundred pupils in the primary schl.
    Hundreds f peple get tgether at the statin.
    (2) “数词+名词”构成的复合形容词,该名词用单数形式。
    如:a seven-day hliday, an 8-metre-lng stick
    (3) 表示分数时,分子用基数词,分母用序数词。当分子大于 1 时,分母用复数形式。
    如:ne third(三分之一), three fifths(五分之三)
    一、单项选择
    1. There are ________ students in ur schl, but nly ________ f them are girls.
    A. hundreds f; tw hundred B. hundred f; tw hundreds
    C. hundreds f; tw hundreds D. hundred f; tw hundred
    2. I have ________ classes in the mrning, and the ________ class is Chinese.
    A. furth; thirdB. fur; threeC. third; furthD. fur; third
    3. As the saying ges, “It’s never t late t learn,” My grandpa tk up writing ________ the age f 70 and finished his nvel ________ his eighties.
    A. at, frB. by, atC. at, inD. by, fr
    4. It’s Octber 10th. Lucy is ________ years ld nw. Tday is her ________ birthday.
    A. twelve;twelfth B. twelfth;twelve C. twelve;twelveD. twelfth;twelfth
    5. Abut ________ f the engineers in the IT cmpany seem t be in their ________.
    A. a quarter; frties B. the quarter; frtieth C. ne-fur; frties D. ne-furth; frtieth
    6. I’m 14 ________. And he is a ________ by.
    A. year ld, 15 years ld B. year-ld, 15 year-ld
    C. years ld, 15 years ld D. years ld, 15-year-ld
    7. Abut _______ f the bks in ur schl library are written in Chinese.
    A. fur-fifth B. fur-fifthsC. furth-fifthsD. furths-fifth
    8. Excuse me, I have ________ questins t ask.
    A. tw mreB. mre twC. antherD. the thers
    9. —What class are yu in?
    —I’m in ________.
    A. Grade Seven, Class TwB. grade seven, class tw
    C. Class Tw, Grade SevenD. class tw, grade seven
    10. —Dr. Bethune (白求恩) helped lts f Chinese ________. He was a great dctr.
    —S peple in bth China and Canada still remember him nw.
    A. in the 1930B. in 1930C. in the 1930sD. in his 1930s
    11. Half-time is a ________ perid fr players ________.
    A. ten-minute; t rest B. ten-minute; resting
    C. ten minutes’; t restD. ten minutes’; resting
    12. —Hw d yu say “9:50” in English?
    —It’s “________”.
    A. ten past nineB. ten t tenC. ten t nine D. fifty past nine
    13. He lives in ________.
    A. rm 203B. Rm 203C. 203rd rmD. Rm 203rd
    14. Schl activities are fun in December. We have _____ ball games, and the sccer game is n ____ day f December.
    A. five; the secnd B. the fifth; the secnd C. five; tw D. the fifth; tw
    15. The river is ________.
    A. 100 meter lng B. 100-meter-lng C. 100 meters’ lng D. 100 meters lng
    主谓一致
    主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致。主谓一致必须遵循三个原则,即语法一致原则、意义一致原则、就近一致原则。
    语法一致原则是指主语和谓语在语法形式上保持一致,即主语是单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式,主语是复数形式,谓语也用复数形式。意义一致原则是主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致,即主语形式上为单数,但意义为复数,则谓语动词用复数形式;若主语形式上为复数,但表示单数意义,则谓语动词用单数形式。就近一致原则也叫邻近原则,是指谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的主语。
    【知识归纳】
    语法一致原则
    【特例清单】
    1.what从句作主语时 ,如果表示的是单数意义,则谓语动词用单数形式;如果表示的是复数意义,则谓语动词用复数形式
    What we need is time. 我们需要的是时间。
    What she needs are gd bks. 她需要的是一些好书。

    2.and连接并列主语,若前面有each, every, many a, n等词修饰时,谓语动词通常用单数形式
    Each by and each girl has gt a present. 每个男孩和女孩都收到了一份礼物。
    意义一致原则
    【特例清单】
    1.某些以s结尾的地理名称,如果是国名,如the United States,the Netherlands等,谓语动词用单数形式;如果是群岛、山脉、海峡、瀑布等地理名称作主语,谓语动词用复数形式
    The United States is a develped cuntry. 美国是一个发达的国家。
    2.nne如果指量,动词用单数;若用来指数目,与可数名词连用,谓语动词用单、复数形式皆可;nne如果代指不可数名词,则谓语动词用单数
    Nne f the mney belngs t me. 没有一分钱是属于我的。
    Nne f the students has/have been t Egypt in ur class. 我们班没有一个学生去过埃及。
    3.“all/mst/half/the rest f+名词”作主语,谓语动词与f后面的名词的数保持一致
    Mst f her mney is spent n clthes. 她的大部分钱被花在衣服上了。
    Half f the students watch TV twice a week. 一半的学生一周看两次电视。
    三、就近原则

    一、单项选择
    1. —I am s thirsty. Can I have _______ t drink?
    —There _______ apple juice in the fridge. D yu want it?
    A. smething; is a littleB. anything; are sme C. anything; is sme D. smething; are a few
    2. Lk at Frank’s bedrm. There ________ a bed, a desk, a chair and a cmputer in it.
    A. haveB. areC. hasD. is
    3. ________ my father ________ my mther can play taiji. They will learn it this summer.
    A. Bth, andB. Nt nly, but alsC. Neither, nrD. Either, r
    4. ________ Mrs. Wu ________ Dr. Ma shws great interest in the bk we are talking abut. They want t knw mre abut it.
    A. Bth; andB. Either; rC. Nt nly; but alsD. /; and
    5. —Please remember: ________ success ________ failure is yur final result. It’s nly a new beginning f yur life jurney.
    —OK, I’ll try my best t d it well.
    A. B. C. D. nt als
    6. —Here is sme ________. Wuld yu like t have sme?
    —Yes, please.
    A. breadB. hamburgersC. strawberriesD. apples
    7. N news ________ gd news.
    A. amB. areC. isD. be
    8. I have sme mney, and I think 29 yuan ________ enugh.
    A. beB. areC. isD. am
    9. —Sir, hw many bananas d yu need?
    —Three punds ________ OK.
    A. areB. wereC. isD. was
    10. The ppulatin f China ______ ver 1.3 billin nw. And it is becming larger and larger.
    A. isB. areC. wasD. were
    11. The plice ________ making ntes n the man ________ his neighbur.
    A. is; murderingB. are; murderingC. is; murderedD. are; murdered
    12. My family ________ fr dinner nw. We’re busy.
    A. is ckingB. are cking C. cksD. ck
    13. —The hmeless ________ s pr that they have nwhere t live.
    —Exactly, but t ur jy, the lcal gvernment can ________ them with special places t stay.
    A. is; fferB. are; giveC. are; prvideD. is; affrd
    14. The ld ________ the cld mre than the yung.
    A. feelsB. feelC. is feelingD. are feeling
    15. —Hw many students are in the classrm?
    —______ them ______ frty.
    A. The number f; are B. A number f; are C. The number f; is D. A number f; is
    16. The number f teachers in ur schl ________ small and a large number f them ________ wmen teachers.
    A. are; isB. are; areC. is; are D. is, is
    17. Everyne ________ t have at least eight ________ sleep at night.
    A. needs; hur’s B. need; hurs’ C. needed; hur’s D. needs; hurs’
    18. Ding sprts ________ ne f the best ways ________ yur physical health.
    A. are, imprvingB. is, t imprveC. are, imprvesD. is, imprve
    19. There are tw rads, and either________ t the statin.
    A. is leading B. are leading C. lead D. leads
    20. Playing the pian ________ Jack ________ gd.
    A. make; feelB. makes; feelsC. makes; feelD. make; feels
    21. When smething _______ yu, yu needn’t _______ it all the time.
    A. wrries; wrry B. wrry ; wrry abut C. wrries; wrry abut D. wrries abut; wrry
    22. —Des this rabbit ________ a big ear?
    —N, it desn’t. But it ________ a big nse.
    A. has; has B. has; have C. have; has D. have; have
    23. Frty-five percent students ________ fur t six times a week in ur class.
    A. exercise B. exercises C. exercised D. exercising
    24. ________ f the students in that rural schl ________ left-behind children.
    A. Three-fifth; is B. Three-fifths; is C. Three-fifth; are D. Three-fifths; are
    25. ________ f the Earth ________ cvered with water.
    A. Seventh-tens; are B. Seventh-tens; is C. Seven-tenths; are D. Seven-tenths; is
    26. ________ f the bys________ playing basketball.
    A. Tw thirds; is B. Tw thirds; are C. Secnd three; is D. Secnds three; are
    27. Different kinds f tea ________ different water temperatures, brewing times and prcesses. What abut ________ t a teahuse in Chibi t taste its brick tea?
    A. requires; cming B. require; cmeC. requires; cmeD. require; cming
    28. —Here cmes the bus! Where is Mr Wu?
    —He can’t g t the theatre with us. He with sme freigners ________ ur schl.
    A. visitB. are visiting C. is visitingD. visits
    29. Everyne except Tm and Mike ________ Wuxi befre.
    A. has gne tB. have been tC. has been tD. have gne t
    30. Maggie as well as her sisters __________ shpping every Friday afternn.
    A. gesB. gingC. gD. went0 zer
    1 ne
    11 eleven
    100 ne hundred
    2 tw
    12 twelve
    20 twenty
    1,000 ne thusand
    3 three
    13 thirteen
    30 thirty
    1,000,000 ne millin
    4 fur
    14 furteen
    40 frty
    10,000,000 ten millin
    5 five
    15 fifteen
    50 fifty
    100,000,000 ne hundred millin
    6 six
    16 sixteen
    60 sixty
    1,000,000,000 ne billin
    7 seven
    17 seventeen
    70 seventy
    1,000,000,000,000 ne trillin
    8 eight
    18 eighteen
    80 eighty
    9 nine
    19 nineteen
    90 ninety
    10 ten
    阿拉伯数字
    基数词
    序数词
    序数词缩写
    1
    ne
    first
    1st
    2
    tw
    secnd
    2nd
    3
    three
    third
    3rd
    5
    five
    fifth
    5th
    8
    eight
    eighth
    8th
    9
    nine
    ninth
    9th
    12
    twelve
    twelfth
    12th
    20
    twenty
    twentieth
    20th
    21
    twenty-ne
    twenty-first
    21st
    22
    twenty-tw
    twenty-secnd
    22nd
    23
    twenty-three
    twenty-third
    23rd
    使用情况
    例句
    “不可数名词、可数名词单数、单数代词、不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)、从句”等用作主语,谓语动词用单数形式
    The girl is fnd f singing.
    T prtect the envirnment is ur duty.
    Reading in the sun is bad fr ur eyes.
    表示复数的名词、代词作主语,谓语动词用复数形式
    The students are having their math class.
    They have been t Qingda twice.
    and连接主语时,如果该并列主语指的是两个或两个以上的人或事物,谓语动词用复数形式;如果该并列主语指的是“同一个人或事物”(即and后面的名词前面没有冠词),则谓语动词要用单数形式
    The writer and teacher is cming.
    The writer and the teacher are cming.
    bth…and…连接主语,谓语动词用复数形式
    Bth Peter and Mike cme frm England.
    有些只有复数形式的名词(如glasses, shrts, trusers, jeans, shes, clthes, glves等)作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式
    Jack’s glasses are brken.
    Linda’s shes are black and blue.
    “a number f +复数名词”作主语,谓语动词用复数形式;“the number f+复数名词”作主语,谓语动词用单数形式
    A number f trees have been planted.
    The number f the men teachers in ur schl is mre than 120.
    不定代词anther, each ne, either, neither, the ther, smebdy, smene, smething, nbdy, everybdy, everyne, everything, nthing, anybdy, anything, anyne, n ne等作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式
    Is everyne here?
    Smething is wrng with my cmputer.
    I called last night ,but nbdy was in.
    主语后面跟with, alng with, like, except, besides, as well as, tgether with, including, n less than, rather than, as much as等词或短语时,谓语动词的数与主语保持一致
    Mei Mei, with her parents, ften ges t the park n Sunday.
    A teacher, tgether with sme students, is standing at the gate.
    主语前面有表示“单位、度量”的短语如“a kind (srt/ type/ frm/ pair/ cup/ glass/ piece/ lad/ blck/ bx/ handful/ quantity/ tn/ metre/…)f”等时,表示“单位、度量”的这个名词的单复数决定谓语的单复数形式
    This kind f car is made in China.
    Large quantities f water are needed.
    “分数或百分数 + 名词”作主语或“a lt f/lts f, plenty f, mst f + 名词”作主语时,谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于名词。若名词是单数可数名词或者是不可数名词,则谓语动词用单数形式;若名词是可数名词复数,则谓语动词用复数形式
    Tw thirds f the wrk has been finished.
    Mst f the bks are written in English.
    使用情况
    例句
    使用情况例句有些集体名词如crwd, family, team, grup, gvernment, class, staff, public等,它们作主语时,谓语动词的数要根据具体语境而定:若它们表示一个集体单位,则动词用单数形式;若表示集体中的成员,则谓语用复数形式
    His family isn’t large. His family are fnd f watching sprts prgrams.
    有些集合名词如peple, plice, cattle, pultry(家禽)等,形式上是单数,而意义上却表示复数,因此谓语动词用复数形式;有些名词如news, means, wrks, physics, plitics, maths等,形式上是复数,而意义上却表示单数,因此谓语动词用单数形式
    The plice are searching fr the murder.
    Physics is really difficult fr me
    “the + 某些形容词”可以表示一类人,作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式
    The yung are energetic.
    某些代词或短语如half(f),plenty(f),the rest(f),(a)part(f)等作主语时,谓语动词应视其“具体所指”即所修饰的名词来决定单、复数
    Half f the wrk has been finished.
    Half f the wrkers have finished their wrk ahead f time.
    表示重量、度量、时间、长度、价格、数学运算等的词或短语作主语时,通常视为一个整体,谓语动词用单数形式
    Tw punds isn’t s heavy.
    Tw mnths is a lng hliday.
    Ten yuan is enugh.
    Ten minus five is five.
    使用情况
    例句
    由r, either…r…, nr, neither…nr…,
    whether…r…, nt…but…,nt nly…but als…等连词连接并列主语时,谓语动词必须与它相邻的主语保持一致
    Neither yu nr he is wrng.
    Here/there be句型中句子的主语在be之后,系动词必须与它相邻的主语保持一致
    Here are sme bks and paper fr yu.
    There is an range and tw apples n the plate.

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