所属成套资源:2025年中考英语二轮复习讲与练专题 (2份,原卷版+解析版)
2025年中考英语二轮复习讲与练专题07 动词时态 & 语态(2份,原卷版+解析版)
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这是一份2025年中考英语二轮复习讲与练专题07 动词时态 & 语态(2份,原卷版+解析版),文件包含2025年中考英语二轮复习讲与练专题07动词时态语态原卷版docx、2025年中考英语二轮复习讲与练专题07动词时态语态解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源,其中试卷共37页, 欢迎下载使用。
考题主要在单项选择,语法选择,语法填空,选词填空中出现。当然书面表达中准确运用时态也会影响学生得分。动词的时态历来是中考题中考查的重头戏之一。测试重点放在根据特定语言环境区别使用一般现在时,一般过去时和现在完成时;一般现在时(过去时)与现在(过去)进行时;特定的时间状语中时态的使用;结合所获得的语言知识确定正确时态的能力等。综上所述,动词的时态在中考测试中的地位非常重要。因而考生在复习备考中必须对本专题引起足够的重视。
1.(2023·武汉) Jessica ________ every night befre her Chinese test and gt gd results.
A. studiesB. studiedC. has studiedD. will study
【答案】B
【解析】句意:杰西卡在语文考试前每天晚上都学习,并取得了好成绩。
考查动词时态。根据(语言环境)and以及gt 可知,空处与gt是并列关系,所以空处填动词过去式,故选B。
2. (2023·武汉)—Wh will talk abut the develpment f American cuntry music next week?
—I suggest Brad. He ________ in Nashville, the hme f cuntry music, since he was a child.
A. livesB. livedC. has livedD. will live
【答案】C
【解析】句意:——下周是谁将会谈论关于美国乡村音乐的发展?——我建议布拉德。他从小住在乡村音乐之都——纳什维尔。
考查现在完成时。根据“since he was a child.”可知,这里应用现在完成时。故选C。
3.(2023·安徽)— Jim, I’ve gt a prblem with my car. Culd yu help me?
— Srry, nt right nw. I ________ a shrt vide.
A. make B. have made C. am making D. was making
【答案】C
【解析】句意:——Jim,我的车出问题了。你能帮我吗?——对不起,现在不行。我正在做一个短视频。
考查动词时态。根据“Srry, nt right nw. I … a shrt vide”可知,现在正在制作短视频,用现在进行时表示正在进行的动作,故选C。
4. (2023·河北)I ________ ice skating this Sunday. D yu want t cme?
A. g B. went C. was ging D. will g
【答案】D
【解析】句意:这个星期天我要去滑冰。你想来吗?
考查时态。根据“D yu want t cme”可知动作还未发生,用一般将来时will d。故选D。
5. (2023·天津)While we ________ an English sng, sme visitrs came t ur class.
A. singB. will singC. were singingD. are singing
【答案】C
【解析】句意:当我们正在唱一首英文歌时,一些来访者来到我们班。
考查动词时态。根据“While”以及“sme visitrs came t ur class”可知此句是含有while的过去进行时:was/were ding,故选C。
现在完成时与一般过去时区别
一、单项选择
1. (2023·江苏南通)— My father and I ________ a lt f phts at the same place in the past ten years.
— Thse phts must be yur valuable memries.
A. have takenB. will takeC. takeD. were taking
【答案】A
【解析】句意:——在过去的十年里,我和父亲在同一个地方拍了很多照片。——那些照片一定是你珍贵的回忆。
考查动词时态。根据“in the past ten years”可知,此处是现在完成时,结构是have/has dne。故选A。
2. (2023·江苏无锡)Hey, Aunt Jenny! It’s yu! I didn’t expect yu ________ ver. What a nice surprise!
A. had cmeB. have cmeC. wuld cmeD. will cme
【答案】C
【解析】句意:嘿,珍妮阿姨!是你!我没想到你会过来。多么惊喜啊!
考查动词时态。由“didn’t expect”可知,主句时态是一般过去时,则从句也应为过去时态。“来”的动作发生在将来,应为将来时,故空格处为过去将来时,结构是wuld d。故选C。
3. (2023·江苏徐州) I saw Harry in February and I ________ him since then.
A. didn’t seeB. wn’t seeC. haven’t seenD. dn’t see
【答案】C
【解析】句意:我在二月份见过哈利,从那以后就再也没见过他。
考查动词时态。根据“since then”可知,时态应为现在完成时,结构是have/has dne。故选C。
4. (2023·湖北孝感) — What d yu think f the nvel, Jurney t the West?
— It’s s exciting that I ________ it fr three times.
A. readB. will readC. have readD. was reading
【答案】C
【解析】句意:——你觉得这部小说《西游记》怎么样?——它太令人兴奋了,我已经读了三遍了。
考查时态。根据“It’s s exciting”及“fr three times”可知,表示已经看过三次,此处应用现在完成时,其结构为“have/has+动词过去分词”,主语为I,助动词用have,故选C。
5. (2023·北京)—Lucy, what are yu ding?
—I ________ a mdel ship.
A. makeB. madeC. am makingD. was making
【答案】C
【解析】句意:——露西,你在干什么?——我正在制作一个轮船模型。
考查现在进行时。根据“what are yu ding?”可知句子应用现在进行时来回答,其谓语结构为:am/is/are+现在分词。故选C。
6. (2023·北京)The Shenzhu-15 astrnauts ________ t Earth safely n June 4, 2023.
A. returnB. returnedC. will returnD. have returned
【答案】B
【解析】句意:神舟15号宇航员于2023年6月4日安全返回地球。
考查时态。根据“n June 4, 2023”可知是过去发生的事情,用一般过去时,谓语用过去式returned。故选B。
7. (2023·北京)If yu g t the cncert with us tmrrw, yu ________ a great time there.
A. haveB. hadC. will haveD. have had
【答案】C
【解析】句意:如果你明天和我们一起去听音乐会,你会玩得很开心的。
考查时态。if引导的条件状语从句遵循主将从现原则,主句用一般将来时,其结构为will d。故选C。
8. (2023·北京)Eric ________ many things since he became interested in science.
A. is learningB. was learningC. will learnD. has learned
【答案】D
【解析】句意:自从Eric对科学感兴趣以来,他已经学习了很多东西。
考查现在完成时。根据“since he became interested in science”可知,句子应用现在完成时,其谓语结构:have/has+过去分词。故选D。
9. (2023·江西)—What’s that nise, Tm?
—Oh, sme children ________ in the yard.
A. playB. are playingC. playedD. will play
【答案】B
【解析】句意:——Tm,那是什么声音?——哦,一些孩子们在院子里玩。
考查动词时态。根据“What’s that nise”可知,询问正在发出的声音是什么,所以答语用现在进行时的结构,故选B。
10. (2023·天津)While we ________ an English sng, sme visitrs came t ur class.
A. singB. will singC. were singingD. are singing
【答案】C
【解析】句意:当我们正在唱一首英文歌时,一些来访者来到我们班。
考查动词时态。根据“While”以及“sme visitrs came t ur class”可知此句是含有while的过去进行时:was/were ding,故选C。
11.---Hurry up! ---One mment. I ______ my e-mail and then I’m ready t g.
A. readB. am readingC. was readingD. have read
【答案】B
【解析】句意:——快点!——马上,我在读电子邮件,我准备走了。根据read一般现在时态的结构,am reading现在进行时态的结构,was reading过去进行时态的结构, have read现在完成时态的结构;根据One mment.和 then I’m ready t g.可知是我正在读,现在进行时态;故选B。
12.---I’ve never seen Mr. Taylr befre.
---Dn’t wrry. I ______ him t yu befre the meeting.
A. will intrduceB. intrducedC. have intrducedD. had intrduced
【答案】A
【解析】句意:——以前我从来没见过Taylr先生。——不要担心,开会前我会把他介绍给你的。根据will intrduce一般将来时态的结构,intrduced一般过去时态的结构,have intrduced现在完成时态的结构,had intrduced过去完成时态的结构;根据Dn’t wrry.和 befre the meeting.可知是将来时态;故选A。
13.–Linda, Dad has finished his wrk and we ___________ t the gym t pick yu up.
-Thank yu, Mum.
A. driveB. drveC. have drivenD. are driving
【答案】D
【解析】句意:——Linda,爸爸下班了,我们就要开车去健身房接你。——谢谢你们,妈妈。考查现在进行时。A. drive驾驶、开车,动词原形;B. drve过去式;C. have driven现在完成时;D. are driving现在进行时。根据Linda, Dad has finished his wrk and we _____ t the gym t pick yu up. 可知,前半句用的是现在完成时,表示动作发生在过去,对现在造成的影响,即爸爸的工作已完成,那么现在的话就是要开车去接你,所以这里应该是“就要开车去接你”;drive可以用现在进行时形式表示将来。故答案选D。
14.—D yu knw if he_______ t play ftball with us?
—I think he will cme if he ______ free tmrrw.
A. cmes; is B. cmes; will be C. will cme; is D. will cme; will be
【答案】C
【解析】考查宾语从句和条件状语从句的时态。问句中if引导的是宾语从句,由于主句为一般现在时,宾语从句的时态根据实际情况确定,根据问句句意“你知道他是否要来和我们一起踢球?”可以确定用一般将来时;答语中,if引导的是条件状语从句,在含有条件状语从句的复合句中,其时态根据“主将从现”的原则确定。
15. –Uncle Sam said he ____________ my birthday party, but he never shwed up.
- That’s Uncle Sam. He frgets everything!
A. will attend B. wuld attend C. has attended D. had attended
【答案】B
【解析】句意:— —山姆大叔说他会参加我的生日聚会,但他没来。 — —那就是山姆大叔。他什么都忘了!
A为一般将来时;B为过去将来时;C为现在完成时;D为过去完成时。分析句子Uncle Sam said he ____________ my birthday party, but he never shwed up. 的结构可知,本题是一个宾语从句,主句Uncle Sam said是一般过去时,因此在宾语从句中应该用过去范畴的某一种时态,排除A/C;根据my birthday party可知,应该是将要参加我的生日聚会,因此应该用过去将来时,故选B。
16.The student tld me that he _______ the exam _______.
A. has had; yesterday B. had; the day befre yesterday
C. had had; the day befre D. had had; yesterday
【答案】D
【解析】试题分析:句意:学生告诉我他已经在前天考完了。这里tld发生在过去,考试是在告诉以前发生的,故 用过去完成时,与它连用的时间状语是the day befre, the day befre yesterday和yesterday都与过去式连用。 故选C。
17. —Hell! May I speak t Kate?
—Srry, she isn’t in. She ________ ping-png utside.
A. is playingB. playsC. playedD. will play
【答案】A
【解析】句意:——你好!我可以和凯特说话吗?——对不起,她不在。她在外面打乒乓球。
考查现在进行时。根据“Srry, she isn’t in.”可知,阐述正在发生的事,用现在进行时,结构为“be+现在分词”。故选A。
18. (2022·湖北武汉中考) —I dn’t think sixteen-year-lds shuld be allwed t drive.
—I ________. It’s nt safe.
A. agreeB. agreedC. will agreeD. had agreed
【答案】A
【解析】句意:——我认为16岁的孩子不应该被允许开车。——我同意。这不安全。
考查时态。根据“I dn’t think sixteen-year-lds shuld be allwed t drive.”可知此处表达自己当前的想法,用一般现在时。故选A。
19. The chief engineer annunced that they ________ a space lab n the space statin arund the end f 2022.
A. have builtB. had builtC. will buildD. wuld build
【答案】D
【解析】句意:总工程师宣布,他们将于2022年底左右在空间站建造一个空间实验室。
考查动词时态。根据“The chief engineer annunced that”可知,that后为宾语从句,主句为一般过去时,从句为过去的某种时态,结合从句时间状语“arund the end f 2022”可知,此处使用过去将来时,wuld+动词原形。故选D。
20. —May I speak t Wang Li?
—Srry, she is nt at hme. She ________ since last mnth.
A. leftB. has leftC. has been awayD. went away
【答案】C
【解析】句意:——我可以和王丽说话吗?——对不起,她不在家。从上个月开始,她就离开了。
考查时态。根据“since last mnth”可知句子应使用现在完成时have/has dne,排除AD;且此处应用延续性动词,而left“离开”是非延续动词,排除B。故选C。
21.(2023·江苏连云港二模)They didn’t ntice me cme in because they ________ cmputer games.
A.playB.are playingC.were playing D.have played
【答案】C
【解析】句意:他们没有注意到我进来,因为他们正在玩电脑游戏。
考查时态辨析。根据句意可知此处要表达“正在玩”的意思,又因前面“didn’t ntice”,可知本句时态为过去进行时,故选C。
22.(2023·河北石家庄一模)I ________ a cld. I am nt feeling well nw.
A.catchB.have caughtC.will catchD.was catching
【答案】B
【解析】句意:我感冒了。我现在感觉不舒服。
考查动词时态。catch患 (病);catch a cld“感冒”,固定搭配;根据“I am nt feeling well nw.”可知,“感冒”这一动作发生在过去,并对现在产生了影响,句子时态应使用现在完成时,其结构为:have/has+动词的过去分词;主语是I,助动词用have;catch的过去分词是caught。故选B。
23.(2023·上海静安二模)Many peple ________ busily in that building at eight yesterday evening.
A.are wrkingB.were wrkingC.has wrkedD.had wrked
【答案】B
【解析】句意:昨天晚上八点,很多人正在那栋建筑里忙碌地工作。
考查谓语动词时态。根据时间状语“at eight yesterday evening”可知,应用过去进行时,谓语结构为“was/were ding”。故选B。
24.(2023·上海普陀·统考二模)The by ________ and shwed us a rw f white teeth.
A.laughB.laughedC.laughsD.is laughing
【答案】B
【解析】句意:男孩大笑,露出了一排白牙。
考查谓语动词时态。根据“ shwed us a rw f white teeth.”可知连词and连接并列谓语,应和shwed保持一致,均用过去式,为一般过去时。故选B。
25.(2023·河北衡水一模)Well, everyne ________ taking the ntes. Nw let’s g n ur class.
A.finishedB.has finishedC.was finishingD.will finish
【答案】B
【解析】句意:好了,大家都记完了笔记。现在让我们继续上课。
考查动词的时态。根据“everyne…taking the ntes. Nw let’s g n ur class.”可知,大家已经记完了笔记才能继续上课,表示过去发生的事对现在造成的影响应该用现在完成时。故选B。
26.(2023·辽宁沈阳一模)—When did yu __________ the new watch?
—Well, I __________ it fr tw weeks.
A.have bught; have hadB.bught; have bught
C.buy; have hadD.buy; bught
【答案】C
【解析】句意:——你什么时候买的新手表?——嗯,我已经买了两个星期了。
考查谓语动词的时态。第一空是when引导的特殊疑问句,由“did”可知,句子是一般过去时,见到did,动词用原形,此处用动词buy;第二空根据“fr tw weeks”可知,句子需用现在完成时:have+动词的过去分词,buy买,是短暂性动词不能用于表示一段时间的完成时,需换成持续性动词have,have的过去分词是had。故选C。
27.(2023·河北沧州·统考一模)Jack ________ the yard when I passed by.
A.cleanedB.is cleaningC.was cleaning D.cleans
【答案】C
【解析】句意:我经过的时候,杰克正在打扫院子。
考查动词时态。根据when以及passed可知,主句表示过去某个时刻正在发生的事情,时态用过去进行时was/were ding的结构,故选C。
28.(2023·湖北十堰一模)— Yu lk pretty busy, hw cme?
— We ________ fr an ffice party nw.
A.prepareB.have preparedC.are preparingD.were preparing
【答案】C
【解析】句意:——你看起来很忙,怎么回事?——我们现在正在为办公室聚会做准备。
考查动词时态。根据nw可知,此处用现在进行时be ding结构,故选C。
29.Students in Grade Nine ____________a maths exam at this time yesterday.
A. takeB. are taking C. were takingD. have taken
【答案】C
【解析】句意:昨天这个时候九年级的学生正在参加数学考试。考查动词时态辨析。at this time yesterday昨天这个时候,用于过去进行时“was/were + ding”结构;根据句意结构和语境,可知选C。
30.---Hurry up! ---One mment. I ______ my e-mail and then I’m ready t g.
A. readB. am readingC. was readingD. have read
【答案】B
【解析】句意:——快点!——马上,我在读电子邮件,我准备走了。根据read一般现在时态的结构,am reading现在进行时态的结构,was reading过去进行时态的结构, have read现在完成时态的结构;根据One mment.和 then I’m ready t g.可知是我正在读,现在进行时态;故选B。
31.---I’ve never seen Mr. Taylr befre.
---Dn’t wrry. I ______ him t yu befre the meeting.
A. will intrduceB. intrducedC. have intrducedD. had intrduced
【答案】A
【解析】句意:——以前我从来没见过Taylr先生。——不要担心,开会前我会把他介绍给你的。根据will intrduce一般将来时态的结构,intrduced一般过去时态的结构,have intrduced现在完成时态的结构,had intrduced过去完成时态的结构;根据Dn’t wrry.和 befre the meeting.可知是将来时态;故选A。
32.I ______ up at 6:30 every mrning.
A. get B. gt C. will get D. gets
【答案】A
【解析】 句意:我每天早上6:30起床。根据时间状语every mrning可以判断是一般现在时态,主语为第一人称单数形式,所以选择动词原形。故选A。
33.Mst f my gd friends ________ when I ________ at the party.
A. left; had arrivedB. had left; arrived
C. left; arrivedD. had left; had arrived
【答案】B
【解析】句意:当我到达晚会时,我的大部分朋友已经离开了。
考查动词时态用法。left一般过去时; had arrived过去完成时 ;had left过去完成时; arrived一般过去时;left; arrived两者都是一般过去时;had left过去完成时; had arrived过去完成时。根据逻辑思维可知朋友是过去的过去离开的,在我到达晚会之前,所以前者用过去完成时;到晚会用一般过去时,故选B。
34.When he was in the shp, he fund he ________ his wallet.
A. lstB. has lst
C. had lstD. wuld lse
【答案】C
【解析】句意:当他在商店时,发现他丢了钱包。
考查动词过去完成时态用法。lst是一般过去时;has lst是现在完成时;had lst是过去完成时;wuld lse是过去将来时。根据在商店里是一般过去时态,可知丢钱包在这之前,所以用过去完成时,故选C。
35.By the end f last week, she __________ in the west f China fr tw mnths helping the hmeless children.
A. will stayB. has stayedC. wuld stayD. had stayed
【答案】D
【解析】句意:到上周末为止,她已经在中国西部,帮助那些无家可归的孩子两个月了。
考查动词时态。根据时间状语By the end f last week到上周末为止,可知本句描述的是过去某时之前已经完成的动作,故用过去完成时态,结构是had+过去分词,故选D。
36.—Did yu see Mrs. Lee in the meeting rm?
—N. When I gt there, she ________ anther meeting.
A. had left frB. had left t
C. was leaving frD. was leaving t
【答案】A
【解析】句意:—你在会议室看见李老师吗? —没有。当我到那里时,她已经动身去下一场会议了。
考查动词过去完成时。had left fr已经动身往某地,是过去完成时;had left t 过去完成时,介词不对;was leaving fr正要动身前往某地,是过去进行时;was leaving t是过去进行时,根据前面否定回答可知李老师已经赶往下一场会议,用过去完成时,故选A。
37.—Yu didn’t watch the mvie?
—Yes, but by the time I ______ t the cinema, the mvie ______ fr several minutes.
A. gt; has begunB. gt; had been n
C. gt; had begunD. gt; has been n
【答案】B
【解析】句意:-你没有看这部电影吗?-不,我看了,但是当我到达电影院的时候,电影已经开始好几分钟了。gt到达,过去式;has begun现在完成时;had been n过去完成时,系表结构;had begun过去完成时;has been n现在完成时。结合本题语境可知,在我倒电影院之前,电影已经开始几分钟了。当by the time后的从句用一般过去时,主句要用过去完成时,再结合fr several minutes可知,要用延续性的had been n。故选B。
38.—It's ten years since we came here
—Hw time flies! We ________ in China fr s lng.
A. wrkB. wrked C. will wrk D. have wrked
【答案】D
【解析】句意:-自从我们来到这里已经有10年了。-时间过得真快啊!我们在中国工作了这么长时间了。wrk工作,动词原形;wrked工作,一般过去时;will wrk一般将来时;have wrked现在完成时。根据对话的情景以及句中的时间状语fr s lng可知,这里表示从过去一直持续到现在的一个动作,应用现在完成时,故选D。
39.Students in Grade Nine ____________a maths exam at this time yesterday.
A. takeB. are taking C. were takingD. have taken
【答案】C
【解析】句意:昨天这个时候九年级的学生正在参加数学考试。考查动词时态辨析。at this time yesterday昨天这个时候,用于过去进行时“was/were + ding”结构;根据句意结构和语境,可知选C。
40.Amn ____________ his ship in a big strm when a giant fish came ut f the sea.
A. will sailB. is sailingC. was sailingD. has sailed
【答案】C
【解析】句意:阿蒙驾船在暴风雨中航行时,一条大鱼从海里游了出来。考查动词时态辨析。本句是when引导的时间状语从句,时态遵循主过从过;根据when a giant fish came ut f the sea.可知遇到大雨时阿蒙正在航行,主句需用过去进行时,故选C。
二、用所给动词的适当形式填空
1. A serius car accident ________ (happen) in this street last Sunday.
2. —What will the weather be like this cming Saturday?
—I hpe it ________ (be) a fine day fr ur picnic! I can't wait!
3. —D yu like junk fd,Linda?
—That's my favrite. The mre junk fd I ________ (have),the happier I ________ (be).
4. —What did yur mther say abut this?
—She ________ (say) that she ________ (try) her best t help me with my English next term.
5. —Dn't get ff the bus until it ________ (stp),Tm.
—I wn't,Dad. Dn't wrry abut me.
6. —Is yur father a dctr?
—Yes,he is. He ________ (wrk) in the Children's Hspital.
7. —I called yu yesterday evening,but there was n answer.
—Oh,I'm srry. I _____ (have) dinner at my friend's at that time.
8. I ________ (nt read) the bk Little Wmen yet,but I'll let yu read it first
9.I (nt hear) frm my friend since he mved t Shanghai.
10.This nvel is very interesting. My brther (read) it three times.
11. When the drbell rang, I (chat) happily with my grandma n the phne.
12.My father (buy) the car five years ag.
13. By the end f last year, I ____________(be) t the West Hill Farm three times.
14. Mm____________(g) ut fr sme exercise by the time I gt up.
15. We ________________(paint) the huse befre we mved in.
【答案】1.happened 2. will be 3 . have;will be 4. said;wuld try 5. stps 6. wrks 7. was having
8. haven't read 9.haven’t heard 10.has read 11.was chatting 12.bught 13.had been 14.had gne 15.had painted
动词语态
语态是动词的一种形式,用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。本专题目的是要完全掌握被动语态的构成,能在语境中正确判断被动语态使用及时态变化。熟练掌握中考的考向及解题方法及思路。
被动语态在中考中一般以单项选择题,语法选择,选词填空,完成句子出现在中考的试卷中。各省市主要考查一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时,含情态动词的被动语态。考查的难点就是要判断是否要使用被动语态,这是历来学生出错的地方。判断的方法就是掌握动作的执行者和承受着这一概念。
1.(2023·广州·语法选择)This little ne ____ Little Six. He was weak and quiet.
A. calledB. was callingC. was calledD. were called
【答案】C
【解析】句意:这只小鸟被叫做小六。
called称呼,过去式;was calling正在叫;was called被叫做,主语是第一人称或单数;were called被叫做,主语是第二人称或复数。此处“This little ne”与“call”之间是被动关系,用被动语态,主语是单数。故选C。
2. (2023·广州·完成句子) 我希望有一天我的绘画作品会在美术馆展出。
I hpe ne day my art wrks ________ ________ ________ in the art gallery.
【答案】will be shwn
【解析】根据中英文对照可知,shw表示“展出”,是动词,和主语之间是被动关系,结合“I hpe ne day”可知,句子应用一般将来时的被动语态:will be dne。故填will;be;shwn。
3. (2023·湖北鄂州) —What language ________ in Germany?
—Mst peple speak German, but many can speak English, t.
A. speak B. is spken C. is speaking D. speaks
【答案】B
【解析】句意:——在德国说哪种语言?——大多数人会说德语,但也有很多人会说英语。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。句子应用一般现在时,句子主语language与动词speak存在逻辑上的被动关系,则句子采用一般现在时的被动语态,其谓语结构为:am/is/are+过去分词。故选B。
4. (2023·安徽)Cmputers have had a great influence n learning methds since they ________ int schls.
A. intrduceB. intrducedC. are intrducedD. were intrduced
【答案】D
【解析】句意:自从计算机被引入学校以来,它们对学习方法产生了很大的影响。
考查时态和语态。since引导时间状语从句,从句用一般过去时,主语“they”指代“Cmputers”,与谓语动词intrduce“引进”之间是动宾关系,所以用一般过去时的被动语态(were dne)。故选D。
一:被动语态的定义
?英语动词有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。在主动语态时,句子的主语是这个动作的执行者;在被动语态时,句子的主语是这个动作的承受者。如:
They built this huse. 他们建造了这座房子。
主语they是built这个动作的执行者,动词用主动语态。
The huse was built by them. 这座房子是由他们建造的。
主语the huse是built这个动作的承受者,动词用被动语态。
1 “be +(及物动词的)过去分词”构成动词被动语态的形式。be有人称、数和时态的变化。
以动词d为例,几种常用时态的主动语态和被动语态的结构形式如下:
二:被动语态的构成
This kind f machine is made in Guangzhu.
这种机器是广州制造的。
The cmputer was stlen.那台电脑被偷了。
A new rad is being built utside my huse.
我家门口正在修一条新路。
The man was being questined by the plice.
这个人当时正在被警察盘问。
Yur wallet has been fund. 你的钱夹已经找到了。
Yur watch will be repaired. 你的表将会被修理好。
2 被动语态的否定句和疑问句。
(1) 被动语态的否定句在be后加nt。如:
The sng is nt liked by yung peple. 这首歌不受年轻人喜爱。
(2) 被动语态的疑问句将be提至主语前。如:
Is Chinese used nly in China? 汉语只在中国使用吗?
— Are these cmputers made in the USA? 这些电脑是美国制造的吗?
— Yes, they are. 是的。 N, they aren’t. 不,不是的。
动词语态训练
1.(2023·江苏徐州)The Mnkey King is a traditinal Chinese character. It ________ by peple f all ages.
A. is lvedB. was lvedC. will lveD. is lving
【答案】A
【解析】句意:孙悟空是中国的一个传统人物。它受到所有年龄段的人的喜爱。
考查被动语态及动词时态。根据“by”可知,此处是被动语态,指孙悟空被人们喜爱。本句陈述事实,故为一般现在时。故选A。
2(2023·江苏连云港)While everyne ________ the cmics page, I picked up a cpy t see what was s funny.
A. is laughing atB. laughed atC. laughs atD. was laughing at
【答案】D
【解析】句意:当每个人都在笑漫画页时,我拿起一本,想看看是什么这么好笑。
考查动词时态和被动语态。laugh at“嘲笑”,本文是while引导的时间状语从句,强调从句动作正在进行时主句动作发生,结合“I picked up a cpy”可知,从句时态用过去进行时(was/were ding),故选D。
3.(2023·江苏镇江)When I was a pupil, sme f my pcket mney ________ t buy cmic bks.
A. useB. is usedC. usedD. was used
【答案】D
【解析】句意:当我还是个学生的时候,我的一些零花钱被用来买漫画书。
考查被动语态。分析题干可知,主语pcket mney和动词use之间是被动关系,结合“When I was a pupil”可知,应用一般过去时的被动语态,故选D。
4.(2023·黑龙江牡丹市)The 19th Asian Games ________ in Hangzhu frm September 23 t Octber 8, 2023.
A. was heldB. will hldC. will be held
【答案】C
【解析】句意:第十九届亚运会将于2023年9月23日至10月8日在杭州举行。
考查一般将来时的被动语态。根据时间状语“frm September 23 t Octber 8, 2023.”可知,句子时态用一般将来时,且主语“The 19th Asian Games”和谓语动词hld之间是被动关系,因此应用一般将来时的被动语态,结构为:will be+动词的过去分词。故选C。
5.(2023·吉林) —The envirnment f this twn is better nw.
—That’s because lts f trees ________ here many years ag.
A. are plantedB. were plantedC. will be planted
【答案】B
【解析】句意:——这个城镇的环境现在好多了。——那是因为许多年前这里种了许多树。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。本句主语是动作的承受者,结合时间状语“many years ag”可知,动作发生在过去,所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故选B。
6.(2023·大连)The Qatar Wrld Cup ________ frm Nvember 21 t December 18 last year.
A. hldsB. heldC. was heldD. is held
【答案】C
【解析】句意:卡塔尔世界杯于去年11月21日至12月18日举行。
考查一般过去时的被动语态。本句主语“The Qatar Wrld Cup”是动作“hld”的承受者,时态是一般过去时,所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故选C。
7.(2023·山东滨州) —Can he get the first prize in the race?
—He ________ s, but he has just hurt his leg. It’s impssible nw.
A. will expect t dB. is expected ding
C. has expected dingD. was expected t d
【答案】D
【解析】句意:——他能在比赛中获得第一名吗?——大家都希望他这样,但他只是把腿弄伤了。现在不可能了。
考查动词时态和语态。主语He和expect之间是动宾关系,所以用被动语态,结合“but he has just hurt his leg. It’s impssible nw.”可知,期望的动作发生在过去,所以用一般过去时的被动语态,be expected t d sth“被期望做某事”,固定短语,故选D。
8.(2023·) Hu Yi ________ magic medicine fr shting dwn the nine suns, then Pang Meng tried t steal it.
A. givesB. has givenC. gaveD. was given
【答案】D
【解析】句意:后羿因射下了九个太阳而得到了神药,然后逄蒙想偷走它。
考查被动语态。分析句子可知,主语Hu Yi与谓语动词give是被动关系,又根据“then Pang Meng tried t steal it”可知,此处应用一般过去时的被动语态,其结构为“was/were+动词过去分词”,主语为第三人称单数,be动词用was,故选D。
9. — What shuld we d first if we want t develp ur village?
— First f all, a new rad ______, I think.
A. must build B. has t build C. must be built D. has built
【答案】C
【解析】考查被动语态的用法。当主语是动作的承受着时要用被动形式。这里a new rad是动词build的承受着。所以要用被动语态。含情态动词的被动语态构成;情态动词+be+PP.故答案选C
10. This English sng _________ by the girls after class.
A. ften sings B. ften sang C. is ften sang D. is ften sung
【答案】D
【解析】考查一般现在时被动语态的结构为be动词+动词过去分词,歌是被唱的,故选D。
11. Attentin, please! All the mbile phnes ____ during the meeting.
A. must be kept ff B. are keeping ff
C. kept ff D. have kept ff
【答案】A
【解析】考查被动语态的用法。当主语是动作的承受着时要用被动形式。这里All the mbile phnes“所有手机”是动词keep ff(关机)的承受着。所以要用被动语态。含情态动词的被动语态构成;情态动词+be+PP.故答案选A
12.Many f the stars ______ because they are far away frm us.
A. may nt see B. needn’t see
C. can nt be seen D. mustn’t be seen
【答案】C
【解析】这里考查含情态动词的被动语态形式。May 可能。needn’t不必。Can nt 不能,mustn’t 禁止。这里表示“能,会”所以选C。
13.— Lily, will yu g t Jenny’s birthday party this Saturday?
— I’m nt sure. Because I _______ s far.
have invited B. wasn’t invited
C. haven’t been invited D. will be invited
【答案】C
【解析】这里考查现在完成时的被动语态。S far 与现在完成时连用。现在完成时的被动语态构成:have (has)been + PP。故答案选C
14.—Oh, yur rm is t dirty, Mike!
—Srry, Mum. It ___ _yesterday. I frgt t d it.
A. didn’t clean B. isn’t cleaned C. was cleaned D. wasn’t cleaned
【答案】D
【解析】句意:— —哦,你的房间太脏了,迈克! — —对不起,妈妈。昨天没有打扫。我忘了做。A为一般过去时,主动语态;B为一般现在时的被动句;C为一般过去时的被动句;D为一般过去时的被动句。根据yesterday.可知,本题的时态为一般过去时,因此排除B;再根据I frgt t d it. 我忘了做。说明没有打扫房间,因此排除C;句中的主语It是代指上文的yur rm,yur rm做主语,应该用被动语态,选项A为主动语态,排除,故选D。
15.﹣Excuse me,sir,smking _____ in the gas statin.
﹣Oh,I'm awfully srry.
A.desn't allwB.is allwed
C.aren't allwedD.isn't allwed
【答案】D
【解析】 根据前文是smking抽烟,动名词作主语,谓语动词用单数,后文是in the gas statin在加油站,结合选项,推测意思是加油站不允许抽烟,由于主语smking是动作的承受者,故用被动语态,结合下文时态I'm awfully srry,即一般现在时的表示否定的被动语态,结构是am/is/are+nt+dne,故选D.
16.(2023·江苏宿迁三模)—Ww! All the bread in this stre ________.
—Yes. The bread there always ________.
A.sells ut; tastes wellB.sells ut; is tasted gd
C.is sld ut; is tasted wellD.is sld ut; tastes gd
【答案】D
【解析】句意:——哇!这家商店里所有的面包都卖完了。——是的。那里的面包味道总是很好。
考查被动语态以及形容词作表语。第一个句子的主语all the bread和谓语sell ut“卖光”之间是被动语态be dne,排除AB;系动词taste后作表语用形容词,排除C。故选D。
17.(2023·江苏宿迁三模)—May I watch Running Man 3 this Friday evening, mm?
—Of curse, if yur hmewrk ________ by then.
A.will be finishedB.finishesC.will finish D.is finished
【答案】D
【解析】句意:——这个星期五晚上我可以看《奔跑吧兄弟3》吗,妈妈?——当然,如果那时你的作业完成了。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。hmewrk是finish这一动作的承受者,该用被动语态,排除B、C;if引导的条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则,从句用一般现在时表将来,此处是一般现在时的被动语态。故选D。
18.(2023·河北廊坊二模)The letter ________ in French. I can’t read it.
A.writeB.will writeC.is writtenD.will be written
【答案】C
【解析】句意:这封信是用法语写的,我看不懂。
考查被动语态。主语the letter与谓语动词write之间是被动关系, 用被动语态,即be动词+动词的过去分词。由“can’t”可知,时态是一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数,所以be动词是is,write的过去分词是written。故选C。
19.(2023·山东菏泽二模)— Culd I ride an electric bicycle t schl, Mr. Wang?
— N, yu ________. Students under the age f 16 ________ t ride electric bicycles.
A.can’t;dn’t allwB.can’t;aren’t allwedC.culdn’t;shuldn’t allw
【答案】B
【解析】句意:——王老师,我可以骑电动自行车上学吗?——不,你不能。16岁以下的学生禁止骑电动自行车。
考查情态动词和被动语态。原文中的“Culd I … ?”并不表示过去时态,而是表更委婉的请求和许可。根据语境可知,此处表达的是现在的许可,回答应用can’t,C选项可排除。第二空主语“Students”和谓语“allw”之间为动宾关系,故应用被动语态,故选B。
20.(2023·江苏泰州二模)—Hw exciting! The 19th Asian Games ________ in Hangzhu in September 2023.
—Yes, I can’t wait t watch the Games.
A.hldsB.is hldingC.was heldD.will be held
【答案】D
【解析】句意:——太激动人心了!第十九届亚运会将于2023年9月在杭州举行。——是的,我等不及要去看亚运会了。
考查一般将来时的被动语态。根据“in September 2023”可知句子应用一般将来时,主语The 19th Asian Games与动词hld存在逻辑上的被动关系,因此句子应用一般将来时的被动语态,其谓语结构为:will be+过去分词。故选D。
二、 用所给单词的适当时态和语态填空(综合训练题,本题更能检测学生语言运用能力。)
1. The student ___________(clean) the classrm nw.
2. Light ____________(travel) much faster than sund.
3. Our teacher said that she _______________ (assign) mre hmewrk if we did bad in the exams.
4.I _______________ (see) a wnderful film last night.
5. The students ___________ (have) a medical examinatin next mnth.
6. Many stries ________________________ (write) by the writer last year.
7. Yesterday we _______________________ (play) ftball after schl.
8. A yung man ften _________________ (ask) me sme difficult questins.
9. A wnderful party _______________________ (give) t him next week.
10. Mther ___________________ (tell) me a stry every night.
11. Rice _____________________(plant) in China.
12. Tm ___________________(use) cmputer every Saturday.
13. Maths ____________________(teach) by Mr. Chen in ur class.
14. English ____________________(speak) all ver the wrld.
15. The film ____________________ (shw) last night.
16. We ________________(paint) the huse befre we mved in.
17.Befre I repaired my bike, my mther (buy) a new ne fr me.
18.Great changes _________ (take) place in ur cuntry during the past 20 years.
19. The bk written by M Yan _______(translate)in 2014.
20.Peple (build) The bridge ver the river three years ag.
21. I _____________ (see) the film three times.
22. His parents __________ (stay) in the cuntryside fr ver 50 days.
23. Sarah ______________ (brrw) five bks frm the library three days ag.
24. Sarah __________ (keep) the bks since three days ag.
25 David __________ (be) interested in music when he was yung.
26 David __________ (be) interested in music since he was yung.
27.These papers _________ (nt write) yet.
28.The wrk __________ (finish) in tw hurs.
29. The rm _________(lk) very clean, it ___________(clean).
30.By the time he was 26 years ld, he and his partners (build) a successful fashin cmpany.
31. They ______________ (practise ) singing at that time
32. While he _____________ ( read ) , he _________ ( listen ) t the music yesterday.
33. She prmised t help him and _________ (give)him three glden apples.
34.A new rad _________(build) near my schl next year.
35. She and I _______ (take)a walk tgether every evening.
36.My aunt is a writer. She _______ (write)mre than ten bks since 2000.
37.The train _________(arrive) already. When _______ it ________(arrive)? I dn’t knw.
38.It _______________ ( rain ) when I went ut yesterday.
39. He wanted t knw if it ___________(rain) tmrrw. If it____________(rain) tmrrw, he ________(visit) his friends.
40.He __________(stay)here t study French in 2022. He _________(stay) here t study French since 2022.
【答案】1.is cleaning 2.travels 3.wuld assign 4.saw 5.will have 6.were written 7.played 8.asks
9.will be given 10.tells 11.is planted 12.uses 13.is taught 14.is spken 15.was shwed 16.had been 17.had gne 18.have taken place 19.was translated 20.built 21.have seen 22.have stayed 23.brrwed 24.has kept 25.was 26.has been 27.haven’t written 28.will be finished 29.lks has been cleaned 30.had built 31.were practicing 32.was reading was listening 33.gave 34.will be built 35.take 36.has written 37.has arrived did arrive 38.was raining 39.wuld rain rains will visit 40.stayed has stayed
三、完成句子
1. 为了进一步美化校园,下个月会在学校种很多树。
Next mnth many trees _________ __________ __________ in ur schl t make it mre beautiful.
【答案】will be planted
2. 在中国,到处都有人打羽毛球。
In China, badmintn ____________ ___________ everywhere.
【答案】is played
3. 下一周,格林先生将被邀请做一个有关语言学习的讲座。
Mr. Green _________ __________ __________ t give a speech n language learning next week.
【答案】will be invited
4. 这种自行车是在上海生产的。
This kind f bike _____________ ___________ in Shanghai.
【答案】is prduced/made
5. 所有的信件都必须放在这个绿色纸箱内。
All the letters ___________ __________ ___________ in this green paper bx.
【答案】must be put
6. Lk! The lights __________ __________ ____________ ____________.
【答案】are being turned ff
7. 你的卧室必须马上打扫干净。
Yur bedrm _______ ______ ________ right nw.
【答案】must be cleaned
8. 这项工作可以下周完成。
The wrk _______ _______ _________ next week.
【答案】may be finished
9.禁止带宠物入内。
Pets _______ _________ __________ int the building.
【答案】mustn’t be taken
10已经买了好多水果和零食。
A lt f fruit and snacks _______ _______ _______.
【答案】have been bught
一 、一般现在
定义
(常涉及现在)表示现在经常反复发生的或习惯性的动作或状态;还可用来描述真理
谓语构成
am/is/are;d/des
时间状语
always, usually, ften, smetimes, seldm, hardly, never,every year,nce a day,twice a week,three times a mnth,n Sundays等
举例
Jacb is/isn’t a sailr. 雅各布是/不是一个海员。
She sings/desn’t sing well. 她唱得好/不好。
二、一般过去时
定义
(常涉及过去)表示过去某个时间发生的动作或状态;也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作
谓语构成
was/were; did; culd; wuld…
时间状语
yesterday, last night, in 1990, tw days ag, ften, always等
举例
Mike was/wasn’t silent.迈克是/不是不爱说话。
三、现在进行时
定义
(常涉及现在某一时刻)表示(说话瞬间)正在进行或发生的动作;也可表示现阶段一直或反复进行的动作
谓语构成
is/am/are ding
时间状语
nw,at the mment,lk,listen,these days,at present,frm tw t five等
举例
I am/am nt standing n the Grand Canyn nw. 我正/没有站在大峡谷上。
Lk! He is playing ftball.看!他正在踢足球。
四、过去进行时
定义
(常涉及过去某一时刻)表示过去某个时间点或过去某时间段正在进行的动作
谓语构成
was/were ding
时间状语
at nine last night, at that time=then, at this time yesterday, this mrning, the whle mrning, all day yesterday,when/while引导的时间状语从句等
举例
I was/was nt lking at Victria Falls at this time yesterday.昨天这个时候我正/没有看到维多利亚瀑布。
He brke his arm when/while he was riding the mtrbike.他骑摩托车的时候折断了胳膊。
五、现在完成时
定义
(涉及过去、现在、有可能到将来)表示始于过去、持续至今的动作或状态,并可能继续下去;也可以表示过去发生或已完成的某个动作对现在产生的影响或结果
谓语构成
have/has dne
时间状语
fr(+时段),since(+表过去的时间点),already, yet, just, befre, recently, still, lately, these years, just, up t nw, s far, in/ver/during the last/past few mnths等
举例
She has/hasn’t lived here fr five years.她住/没住这儿五年了。
Have yu seen it yet?你还没看见吗?
—Wuld yu like t have dinner with me?你愿意和我们一起共进晚餐吗?
—Thanks, but I’ve had it already.谢谢,我已经吃过晚饭了。
Angel has been dead fr 2 days. 安杰尔死了两天了。
六、一般将来时
定义
(涉及将来) 表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事
谓语构成
will/shall d; is/am/are ging t d; am/is/are ding
时间状语
tmrrw, sn,next year/week/mnth,in a few days,in the future,smetime,含有when或if的复合句等
举例
We’re ging t meet utside the schl gate sn.
我们不久将在学校门口会合。
They wn’t have a meeting tmrrw. 他们明天没有会议。
There are ging t be tw parties this Saturday. = There will be tw parties this Saturday.
这个星期六将有两个派对。
七、去完成时
定义
一件事情发生在过去,而另外一件事情先于它发生(即表示“过去的过去”),那么发生在先的事情的动词须用过去完成时。这个过去的时间可用befre等介词短语构成一个时间状语从句来表示,也可以通过上下文给出暗示。
谓语构成
“had +过去分词”
时间状语
by then,by that time,by the end f,befre 2012,by the time等。
用在tld,said,knew,heard,thught等动词后的宾语从句中。也可用在状语从句中
此时,在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中,发生在先用过去完成时;发生在后用一般过
去时。
举例
By then he had learned English fr fur years.
到那时,他已学习英语四年了。
She said (that) she had never been t Paris.
她说她从来没去过巴黎。
现在完成时
一般过去时
时态范畴
现在时态,过去的动作对现在造成的影响
过去时态,过去动作,与现在无关
例句
Li Lei has read the bk.
(说明李雷了解那本书的内容)
Yesterday l went t the z.
(仅说明昨天去了动物园,与现在无关)
时间状语
already,yet,still,just,s far,in the last( past),befre,ever,never,since+时间点,fr+时间段
ag,yesterday,last,in 2000,just nw
例句
Have yu ever picked flwers in a park?
你们曾在公园里摘过花吗?
Father bught that watch ten years ag. 爸爸十年前买了那块手表。
时态
主动语态
被动语态
一般现在时
d / des
am / is / are dne
一般过去时
did
was / were dne
现在进行时
am / is / are ding
am / is / are being dne
过去进行时
was / were ding
was / were being dne
一般将来时
will / shall d
will / shall be dne
现在完成时
has / have dne
has / have been dne
过去完成时
had dne
had been dne
过去将来时
shuld / wuld d
shuld / wuld be dne
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