2025年中考英语二轮复习讲与练专题12 阅读理解（2份，原卷版+解析版）

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阅读理解是每年中考试题的“重中之重”。此题型的分值为30-40分，约占整套试题总分的45%左右。阅读理解主要考查考生通过阅读短文获取一定信息的能力。近几年的中考试题考查的文体多为记叙文、说明文、应用文等，考查内容比较广泛。
不仅如此，阅读理解的文章在体裁方面也越来越多样化，广告、图表等应用文是近年来中考试题的新体裁；在内容方面，也更加体现了时代性和可读性，题材包括科普、社会、文化、政治、经济等方面。
知识构建： 文体： 01、记叙文 02、说明文 03、议论文 04、应用文
考查方向： 01主旨题 02 推断题 03 猜测词义题 04细节理解题。
考向一、应用文
英语应用文属于实用型文体，如书信、通知、日记、广告等。应用文阅读要注意文中具体细节的把握与理解，弄清作者所传达的实际信息及表达的具体内容。阅读时采取速读与精读相结合的方法，力求快速精确地查出试题所设置的关键内容。
宜采用“题干定位法”
应用文阅读材料包含的某一方面的信息非常全面，能满足各种人对信息的需求，但在中考试题中，常常是 就某一点提问，以细节理解题为主，考生完全没有必要从头到尾全部仔细阅读，因为材料中有很多冗余无效信息。做此类题时，宜采用“题干定位法”，即先阅读题干，然后根据问题要求，按照题目顺序依次有 针对性地结合题干关键词到文中定位答案范围，阅读相关部分，快速寻找有效信息，再把原文和选项相比 较。当问题与材料相同的时候，对号入座；如果问题与原文不同，则可以同义替换、归纳事实等。
采用寻读、跳读的方法
要注意 根据所提问题采用寻读、跳读的方法，这样往往可以达到事半功倍的效果。
（2023·广州）
26. Wh might be mst interested in reading this passage?
A. Yung sprts lvers.B. Teenagers in need f help.
C. Summer camp planners.D. Kids lking fr dressing ideas.
27. What prblem des Mike need t slve?
A. Having an unwanted hliday plan.B. Failing t manage his time wisely.
C. Nt knwing hw t tidy his rm.D. Unable t get n well with his friends.
28. What advice des the writer give t Jessie?
A. Tell yur parents hw yu feel.B. Be ready t help ther students.
C. Study harder in the summer camp.D. See the advantage f what yu dislike.
【答案】26. B 27. C 28. D
【解析】本文是三个青少年的问题以及作者给出的建议。
26.推理判断题。根据“What shuld I d?—Ann”、“My rm is always messy. N matter what I d, I can’t keep it clean!—Mike”和“I’m sad because I have t g t a summer camp. I just want t have a summer like my friends. Help me ut!—Jessie”可知需要帮助的青少年对这篇文章最感兴趣，故选B。
27.细节理解题。根据“My rm is always messy. N matter what I d, I can’t keep it clean!—Mike”可知Mike不知道如何整理他房间。故选C。
28.细节理解题。根据“We’re srry yu’re feeling this way! The best thing t d is t lk at things n the bright side.”可知作者建议Jessie要看到事物好的一面，故选D。
考向二、记叙文
做记叙文的时候先将事情发生的时间、地点，人物弄清楚。然后了解事件发生经过。英语记叙文以描写叙述为主，主要描写人物、事件、地点、或过程。特点是，其主题往往潜伏在字里行间，没有直接地表白出来；文章主旨要透过体察所揭示的人物、事件来进行提炼。描写手法大多按时间跨度、空间顺序、上下顺序来展开。阅读记叙文体应采取略读和扫读的方法，快速抓住文中描写的主要内容，从整体上去把握文章的连贯性，进而大体上揣测出作者的写作意图及情感主线。中考阅读就记叙文设题大多以细节理解为主。
（2023·广州）
Cme n, Amy. Yu must TRY HARDER. Amy tld herself silently. She was in her class’ Secnd-Day-f-Schl Game with her teammates, whm she nly met yesterday. This was her first chance t make new friends, and she was nervus.
S far Amy hadn’t given any useful suggestins—after all, she was ttally new t this twn. Luckily, n ne seemed t care abut it. This relaxed her a lt.
Since the Blue Team left the park, they had wrked ut the first tw clues (线索) and had been t the pst ffice. Nw they were in frnt f the cinema.
Henry was reading alud the third clue: G t ur twn funder’s last resting place.
I knw THIS ONE! Amy thught, excited.
“T the cemetery (墓地)” Cindy said.
“N, wait!” Amy said. “I’ve read abut it. The funder was buried near the library.”
“Ww. I’ve walked by every day,” Tyler said. “Never knew that!”
“Gd jb! That will save valuable time, ” Cindy smiled at Amy.
“We still need t hurry,” Tyler reminded, pinting t the Yellw Team cming near.
“I knw a shrtcut!” Henry suggested. “Fllw me!” N ne mved.
“N, seriusly,” Henry said. “Yu knw I’m always running late. I knw every shrtcut in twn.” The thers finally agreed.
A few sharp turns, and they were there! This time Amy read the clue alud: Nw g t the place where the ftball is running arund!
“The ftball stadium!” They called ut tgether and started t run…
Nw they’d gt the final clue: Lk where yu’ve been, see where yu are. Use yur map wisely and yu’ll be a star!
Lking clsely at the map, everyne thught hard.
“Aha! A star!” Cindy suddenly brke the silence. She quickly tk ut a pencil.
As they watched her drawing lines n the map, everyne understd.
They began running back t where they started. They were clser and clser, and finally crssed the finish line-just ne step behind the Red Team!
“S…clse…” Tyler made a face, and they all laughed tgether.
“Nice jb, new girl,” Cindy gave Amy a high-five.
“That was really fun,” said Henry. “I hpe we’ll be n the same team sn.”
“Me, t,” Amy agreed, smiling.
1 What des the beginning f the stry tell us abut Amy?
A. She didn’t want t play the game.B. She was a new student in her class.
C. She was a member f the Red Team.D. She didn’t understand the game rules.
2. Why did the team let Henry lead the way at last?
A. He ran fastest in the team.B. They didn’t knw the way.
C. They trusted his rich experience.D. He was best at playing the game.
3. Where was the finish line f the game?
A. In the park.B. Next t the pst ffice.
C. In frnt f the cinema.D. Outside the library.
4 Why did Amy smile at the end f the stry?
A. Her team came in first.B. She was accepted as a friend.
C. She n lnger felt nervus.D. There wuld be a game sn.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 4. B
【解析】这篇文章讲述了一个叫Amy的女孩在新学校参加游戏活动，与新认识的队友们一起完成任务，并且成为了好朋友的故事。Amy一开始非常紧张，因为不熟悉城市，无法提供很多有用的建议，但是队友们都没有介意并给予了她支持。在比赛过程中，他们一起寻找线索，完成任务，并且在最后一步比赛中只差一步落败，但是大家笑着庆祝并成为了好朋友。整个过程中，大家相互支持鼓励，体现了团队合作和友谊的精神。
本文以事件发展为线索：
新学期游戏中，新生Amy帮蓝队解谜，在队友鼓励下增加自信。他们解决线索，历经邮局、图书馆到达足球场。最后使用地图找到最终线索，紧随红队到达终点，团队表现让Amy赢得认可和友谊
1.推理判断题。根据“This was her first chance t make new friends, and she was nervus.”以及“S far Amy hadn’t given any useful suggestins—after all, she was ttally new t this twn.”可推断艾米是班里的新学生。故选B。
2.推理判断题。根据“Henry said. ‘Yu knw I’m always running late. I knw every shrtcut in twn.’ The thers finally agreed.”（亨利说。“你知道我总是迟到。我知道城里所有的近路。”其他人最终同意了。）可知团队最后让亨利带路是相信他丰富的经验。故选C。
3.推理判断题。根据“Since the Blue Team left the park, they had wrked ut the first tw clues (线索)”可知最开始的地方是在公园；根据“Lk where yu’ve been, see where yu are. Use yur map wisely and yu’ll be a star!”（看看你去过哪里，看看你在哪里。明智地使用你的地图，你将成为一个明星！）结合图片可知，走过的路线要形成一个五角星，结合“As they watched her drawing lines n the map, everyne understd.”和“They began running back t where they started.”可知比赛的终点线在公园，故选A。
4.推理判断题。根据“‘S…clse…’ Tyler made a face, and they all laughed tgether.”以及“I hpe we’ll be n the same team sn.”可知，艾米在故事的结尾笑了是因为她被当作朋友接受了。故选B。
考向三、说明文
说明文是对客观事物的性状、特点、功能和用途等作科学解说的。它既不像记叙文那样重在情节的叙述和描写，也不像议论文那样，重在阐明主张和论点论据；说明文是通过解说事物、阐明事理，说明文是中考英语阅读理解题中的重点，难点之一。说明文具有与自己特点相适应的说明方法，因此说明文结构复杂，专业术语多，易于拉开考生分数档次，对于考生来说说明文抽象度高，解题难度大。因此考生要掌握说明文的命题特点，叙述方式，以冷静的心态阅读原文，重点突破长句结构特点和逻辑关系，以便对其做出准确的语意理解。
（2023·广州）
Peple believe that every wrd has its crrect meaning(s). When we are nt sure, we usually check nline, r turn t ur teachers r dictinaries. But d yu knw hw dictinaries were made in the past?
Dictinary writers first read the imprtant bks f the perid r the subject that the dictinary was abut. As they read, they cpied necessary infrmatin n cards: interesting wrds, cmmn wrds—bth in their daily uses and unusual uses, and als the sentences where they were used. That is t say, the wrds, alng with the uses f each wrd, were cllected. Fr a really big dictinary, millins f such cards were cllected. This task culd last fr years. As the cards were cllected, they were put in alphabetical rder (A—Z). When this was dne, there wuld be several hundred cards fr each single wrd.
Then, t define (定义) a wrd, the dictinary writer placed its hundreds f cards befre him. He read the cards clsely, threw away sme, read the rest again, and divided up the cards accrding t what he thught were the cmmn uses f the wrd. Finally, he wrte the definitins, fllwing the hard-and-fast rule: each definitin must cme frm an example n a certain card in frnt f him.
S, the writing f a dictinary was nt a task f inventing meanings f wrds, but a task f recrding their meanings. The writer f a dictinary was a histrian, nt a law maker.
As time develps, the way f prducing dictinaries has greatly changed. Nwadays, we can use nline dictinaries t. When chsing ur wrds in speaking r writing, we can be guided by the dictinary. Hwever, we cannt be cntrlled by it, because new situatins, new experiences, new inventins, and new feelings, are always pushing us t give new uses t ld wrds.
37. Why did dictinary writers read imprtant bks?
A. T knw mre abut the perid.B. T cllect wrds and their uses.
C. T understand different subjects.D. T learn t use interesting wrds.
38. Which shws the crrect steps f hw dictinaries were made in the past?

A. ①-③-④-②B. ①-②-④-③C. ③-④-②-①D. ③-①-④-②
39. What can we learn frm the passage abut dictinary writing in the past?
A. It shuld be dne by histrians.B. It was a task f inventing and recrding.
C. It was lng-time hard wrk.D. It had t use the law-making rules.
40. What des the writer advise us t d when we chse wrds in cmmunicatin?
A. Be pen t the new uses f wrds.B. Fllw the dictinary strictly.
C. Use nline dictinaries instead.D. Try t create new wrds.
【答案】37. B 38. D 39. C 40. A
【解析】本文主要介绍了过去词典是如何制作的。
37.推理判断题。根据“As they read, they cpied necessary infrmatin n cards: interesting wrds, cmmn wrds—bth in their daily uses and unusual uses, and als the sentences where they were used. That is t say, the wrds, alng with the uses f each wrd, were cllected.”（当他们阅读时，他们把必要的信息抄写在卡片上：有趣的单词，常见的单词——包括日常使用和不常用的单词，以及使用这些单词的句子。也就是说，这些单词以及每个单词的用法都被收集了起来。）可推知词典编纂者要读重要的书籍是为了收集单词及其用法，故选B。
38.细节理解题。根据“As they read, they cpied necessary infrmatin n cards: interesting wrds, cmmn wrds-bth in their daily uses and unusual uses, and als the sentences where they were used.”、“As the cards were cllected, they were put in alphabetical rder (A—Z). ”、“Then, t define (定义) a wrd, the dictinary writer placed its hundreds f cards befre him. He read the cards clsely, threw away sme, read the rest again, and divided up the cards accrding t what he thught were the cmmn uses f the wrd.”、“Finally, he wrte the definitins, fllwing the hard-and-fast rule: each definitin must cme frm an example n a certain card in frnt f him.”可知，过去制作字典首先把有趣单词，日常使用和不寻常使用的常见单词，以及使用它们的句子记在卡片上；然后收集卡片时，按字母顺序（A-Z）排列；其次筛选卡片，根据词典编纂者认为的单词的常用用法将卡片分开；最后是按照硬性规定写下了定义，每个定义都必须来自他面前某张卡片上的一个例子。所以正确的步骤是③-①-④-②。故选D。
39.推理判断题。根据“Fr a really big dictinary, millins f such cards were cllected.”（对于一本真正的大字典来说，收集了数百万张这样的卡片。）可知过去编纂词典是一项长期艰苦的工作。故选C。
40.细节理解题。根据“Hwever, we cannt be cntrlled by it, because new situatins, new experiences, new inventins, and new feelings, are always pushing us t give new uses t ld wrds.”可知作者建议大家在使用词典时不能被它所控制，因为新的情况、新的经历、新的发明和新的感受总是在推动我们对旧词赋予新的用途，也就是接受词汇的新用法。故选A。
考向四 议论文
英语议论文通常为三段式，即“论点、论据、结论”三部份组成。首先借助某一现象引出论点，然后通过一定论据从各个层面上加以推理论证，最后得出结论。议论文体主要考查学生对论点及论据的把握。因此，遇到议论文体时，应采取抓主题句的方法来把握文章主旨，弄清作者的观点。一般来说，作者的论点通常在文章首段被引出，接着是对这一论点的逻辑推理和论证，最后为结论。还应注意的是：在对论点论证的过程中，每一段的首句都是该段的主题句。把握全文论点、弄清论证各段的主题句、理解文章层次、找出中心论点的位置是理解议论文的关键。
一、重视文章标题，找准全文主题句，把握文章主旨。议论文特别注意主题句，往往有总说和分说的关系，主题句往往出现在第一句或最后归纳总结句中。
二、细读文章，注意文章细节理解。与前面做题相同。
三、理解整体语篇，掌握作者意图。议论文一定有作者的观点，要正确把握。
（2023·杭州）
We all enjy being part f a grup—there’s n better wrk than teamwrk, right? Actually, I disagree. Teamwrk can be hard. In fact, it was s difficult that I left my ffice jb and started wrking frm hme n my wn. It’s a much better fit fr me, and it has made me think abut why teamwrk can make ur jbs harder rather than easier.
Persnalities (个性) can make teamwrk difficult. There’s ften smene n the team that puts their needs first. The team ften ges alng with this persn, whse ideas might nt be the best, just the ludest. Just ne difficult persnality can make teamwrk hard. Cmbine (结合) several challenging persnality types, and it’s even harder.
Nt having enugh time tgether can als make teamwrk challenging. Fr example, I was nce n a team where we never had enugh time t meet as a grup. T successfully wrk as a team, yu need time tgether—and lts f it.
A final reasn teamwrk is difficult is because there’s ften n training n hw t wrk n a team. Yu can’t just put peple in a rm and expect them t wrk well with each ther. Yu need t build trust with yur team members. Think f ftball players: They aren’t just given a ball and tld t play. They practice, and they train.
Team can be hard, but wrking alne has its challenges, t. When my cmputer desn’t wrk, I dn’t have an IT persn t turn t. When I have a great idea, I dn’t have anyne t share it with t see if it really is a great idea. Dn’t get me wrng—I still like my team f ne and enjy making all f the imprtant decisins myself. But nw I realize what was wrng with the teamwrk I did in the past and hw gd teamwrk culd be if dne crrectly. And that’s useful infrmatin—because ne day I might want t turn my ME TEAM int a WE TEAM.
12. Why did the writer chse t wrk frm hme n his wn?
A. T keep himself busier.B. T keep himself healthier.
C. T make his jb easier.D. T make his team harder.
13. Which f the fllwing makes teamwrk difficult?
A. Strng persnality.B. Lts f teamwrk time.C. Challenging ideas.D. Clear team rles.
14. What can we learn frm the last paragraph?
A. WE TEAM has hardly any advantages.B. ME TEAM needs a lt f IT engineers.
C. ME TEAM has n challenges fr the writer.D. WE TEAM may be the writer’s chice ne day.
15. What is the purpse f the text?
A. T shw the advantages f teamwrk.B. T tell the imprtance f teamwrk.
C. T intrduce the influence f teamwrk.D. T explain the difficulties f teamwrk.
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. D 15. D
【解析】本文主要解释了团队合作让工作变得困难的原因。
12.细节理解题。根据“Teamwrk can be hard. In fact, it was s difficult that I left my ffice jb and started wrking frm hme n my wn.”可知，作者选择自己在家工作是因为团队合作太难了，他想让工作更简单。故选C。
13.细节理解题。根据“Persnalities (个性) can make teamwrk difficult.”可知，成员的个性会使团队合作变得困难。故选A。
14.细节理解题。根据“because ne day I might want t turn my ME TEAM int a WE TEAM.”可知，“大家的团队”也许有一天会成为作者的选择。故选D。
15.主旨大意题。根据主旨句“Teamwrk can be hard… and it has made me think abut why teamwrk can make ur jbs harder rather than easier.”可知，本文的目的是为了解释团队合作让工作变得困难的原因。故选D。
考向探究，规律探寻
掌握中考英语阅读理解题的应试技巧，正确地理解和分析问题，考生应从以下几个方面入手：
一、主旨题
文章段落的首句和末句，一般表达文章的主题和段落的中心思想，其他句子只起补充、说明、解释或引申的作用。因此，首先要搜索目标，找出文章及段落中的主题句，了解了它们的含义，就可以顺着提供的主要线索去捕捉文章的相关信息，从而获得解决问题的答案。最有效的办法是找出主题句。主题句一般具有三个特点：
（1）表述的意思通常是总结性的；
（2）句子结构较简单，多数都不采用长、难句的形式；
（3）段落中其他的句子必定是用来解释、支撑或发展主题句所表述的主题思想的。
二、 推断题
推理是在既有信息的基础上得出合乎文章内容的内涵意义，即某一问题、某一观点没有直接表述，而寓意在文章的字里行间，要求通过文中信息分析推出某种符合作者思想、符合文章逻辑的内涵意义。推断则是指通过对文章进行符合逻辑的综合分析，推出文章未直接陈述的言外之意。推断题推断得正确与否，很大程度上取决于是否能正确把握作者潜隐在字里行间的语气及观点。
（1）事实推断。这种推断常常针对某一个或几个具体细节，是比较简单的推断。进行这种推断，要首先在文章中找出据以推断的有关文字，然后加以分析，尤其要悟出字里行间的意思。
（2）指代推断。确定指代词的含义和指代对象是阅读理解题常见的题目。要确定指代词所指代的对象，关键在于对上下文的正确理解。指代名词的指代词，其单复数形式应与被指代的词一致，因此数的形式可作为识别指代对象的第一个辅助标志。
（3）逻辑推断。这类题目往往是要求根据文章所提供的背景、人物的表情、动作和语言来推断出人物的态度或感受。
（4）对作者的意图和态度的推断。这一类考题大都要求学生就作者对论述对象持什么样的态度做出推断，如作者对所陈述的观点是赞同、反对，还是犹豫不定，对记述或描写的人、物或事件是赞颂、同情、冷漠，还是厌恶。作者的这种思想倾向和感情色彩不一定直接表述出来，而往往隐含在字里行间。因此，进行这种推断时，我们既要依靠短文的主题思想作为推力的前提，又要注意作者的措辞，尤其是形容词一类的修饰语。总之，只要平时善于积累，并熟练运用上述解题技巧，初中阅读理解题就将不再是难题。
三、 猜测词义题
阅读短文时，常常会遇到一些生词。这时，考生要沉着、冷静，细心思考。首先要把整段、整篇文章看完。
通过对全篇短文的理解，就有可能猜测出生词的大意。另外，还可以从含有生词句子的上下文，以及句子和段落之间的关系来判断、理解生词以求获得其真正含义。猜测生词的另一种方法是，根据构词法推测。遇到生词后，可从构词法角度分析判断生词。例如： inexpensive一词，其中词根expensive的含义是“贵的”。前缀in是“不”的意思，因此可以猜测此词词义为“不贵的，便宜的”。总之，猜词题可以用到以下技巧（1）. 根据文中的解释（2）. 使用逗号、破折号和括号等（3）. 根据同位语或根据同等关系（4）. 根据语义的转折关系（5）. 根据因果关系（6）. 根据构词法知识 （7）. 根据常识，上下文逻辑
四、 细节理解题。
细节理解题要求考生对阅读材料中的某一具体事实和细节进行理解。它们大都是根据文章中的具体信息如事实、例证、原因、过程、论述等进行提问的。有些问题可以在文章中直接找到答案，有些则需要我们在理解的基础上将有关内容系统化才能找到，比如计算、排序、是非判断、图形比较等。
做细节理解题时，不必通篇细看原文，而常常可采取“带着问题找答案”的方法.先从问题中抓住关键性词语。然后以此为线索。要快速地辨认和记忆事实或细节，就要恰当地运用略读及查读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此问题相关的段落、语句.仔细品味，对照比较.确定答案。
有的细节理解题只要直接辨认不要求读者对客观的事实作出解释或判断，只要求从阅读材料中直接获取信息。同时还要求读者记住重要细节，在必要的时候（做判断、推断或结论的时候）能够准确而迅速地将他们回忆起来。
考向一、应用文
Passage 1
（2023·福建）
1. Which bk is abut lking fr Grandpa?
A. Laurence in Hpeland.B. Gavin Talks t Birds.
C. Life f Drthy.D. The Last f Drumfield.
2. Wh can talk t birds?
A. Laurence.B. Gavin.C. Drthy.D. Ella.
3. Drthy gets int truble after she ________.
A. meets a strangerB. lses her pet pigC. reads a scary stryD. laughs at her friend
4. The writer f Life f Drthy is ________.
A. Wiltn SmithB. Wayae AbelC. Nelsn ArthurD. Grgeus Mrgan
5. What d we knw abut Ella?
A. She is gd at magic.B. She helps save the birds’ wrld.
C. She lives in a fairytale wrld.D. She experiences an unusual trip.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. D
【解析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了本周书单的四本书。
1.细节理解题。根据“One day when he can’t find his grandpa wh has magic pwers, Laurence teams up with his uncle t find ut the truth.”可知， Laurence in Hpeland这本书关于寻找爷爷，故选A。
2.细节理解题。根据“When 10-year-ld Gavin jins a team f superheres, he finds he has an unusual ability: he can talk t birds.”可知，Gavin可以和鸟说话，故选B。
3.细节理解题。根据“After meeting a stranger, Drthy finds herself in a place with deep mystery.”可知，在遇到一个陌生人后，Drthy发现自己在一个充满神秘地方。故选A。
4.细节理解题。根据“Life f Drthy — by Nelsn Arthur”可知，Life f Drthy这本书的作者是Nelsn Arthur，故选C。
5.推理判断题。根据“It’s abut Ella wh has gt a bk frm her aunt. When she is reading the bk with her gd friend, they drp int the bk and are taken t a fairytale (童话的) wrld.”可知，Ella从她姨妈那里得到了一本书，当她和她的好朋友一起读这本书时，她们掉进了书里，被带到一个童话世界。由此可知，经历了一次不寻常的旅行。故选D。
Passage 2
（2023·杭州）
1. Hw did Mari feel when she first shpped nline?
A. Disappinted.B. Excited.C. Wrried.D. Interested.
2. What was Try’s pinin n his nline shpping experience?
A. It wasted time.B. It saved mney.C. It harmed health.D. It prvided chices.
3. Wh des all the shpping nline?
A. Jake.B. Mari.C. Eric.D. Nancy.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D
【解析】本文是五个人分享了自己的网购经历以及对网购的看法。
1.细节理解题根据“The first time I bught smething nline, I was a little nervus. I didn’t knw hw they were ging t ship it”可知，第一次网购时感到一点担心，故选C。
2.细节理解题。根据“S I had t g t the stre t change them. What a waste f time”可知，认为浪费时间，故选A。
3.细节理解题。根据“I buy all my things nline” “Nancy”可知，Nancy所有的东西都是网购的，故选D。
Passage 3
（2023·江苏苏州）
1. What percent f peple in this survey like Science?
A. 17%.B. 18%.C. 25%.D. 26%
2. What d Kristin Singer and Richard Gldman have in cmmn?
A. They bth liked Histry.B. They did well in scial studies.
C. They bth enjyed travelling.D. They shwed interest in Math.
3. What des Tammy Bnd’s favrite subject say abut her?
A. She is highly curius and studies things carefully.
B. She is shy and quiet and finds beauty thrugh art.
C. She is strict and san tell what things will be like.
D. She is creative and lves t explre in her mind.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D
【解析】本文是一篇对喜欢的科目的调查报告。
1.细节理解题。根据表中“Science 25%”可知，25%的人喜欢科学，故选C。
2.细节理解题。根据“ still lve t read histry bks; travel when pssible; watch the Histry Channel...”和“A great teacher gt me thinking abut the rle that each f us plays in sciety and hw we can change the curse f histry.”可知，他们都喜欢历史，故选A。
3.细节理解题。根据“English. It created a lve f bks and writing in me. Being able t write beautiful wrds fr thers t read is real magic. —Tammy Bnd”可知，Tammy Bnd最喜欢的科目是英语，又根据“English: Yu are creative and pen-minded. Yu lve t explre in yur wn mind.”可知，英语学科对她的评价是她富有创造力，喜欢在头脑中探索，故选D 。
Passage 4
（2023·绍兴）
JOIN A WILD JOURNEY!
Head t a museum near yu and find sme inspiratin!
JOIN in The Wild Escape and help create ne big digital (数字的) artwrk that’s all abut shwing hw much yu care fr the nature arund us.
This mnth, yu’re invited t take part in The Wild Escape, a new prject t inspire creativity arund wildlife fr pupils aged 7 t 11 years ld, t find an animal yu like in a lcal museum and create yur wn picture.
These pictures will then be upladed and shwn as part f a Wild Wrld ne big digital artwrk at the end f this mnth.
Hpe yu’ll cme and take actin t care fr nature.
Ready fr a jurney?
Here’s hw t take part:
◆Head alng t yur lcal museum and find ne f the many animals waiting fr yu there.
◆What d yu see? It culd be an animal cruching (蹲伏) in a painting r sitting in a pht! Whatever yu find, make sure yu have a gd, lng lk at it.
◆Create a picture that imagines yur animal cming t life and taking a wild jurney t a new wrld.
◆Nw, visit www. art fund. rg/firstnews t send yur picture t a huge digital artwrk.
1. We can learn frm the text that The Wild Escape ________.
A. expects pupils t care fr natureB. tries t find creative pupils aged 12
C. plans t start a new prject next mnthD. is ging t raise mney fr museums
2 T take part in The Wild Escape, yu have t ________.
A. study an animal in the wildB. take a drawing lessn
C. hand in yur picture nlineD. pay a visit t a lcal z
3. What is the text?
A. A diary.B. An advertisement.C. A news reprt.D. A bk review.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B
【解析】本文是一篇应用文，是“狂野之旅”的广告信息。
1.细节理解题。根据“JOIN in The Wild Escape and help create ne big digital (数字的) artwrk that’s all abut shwing hw much yu care fr the nature arund us.”可知，加入野外逃生，并帮助创建一个大的数字艺术作品，这一切都是关于展示你有多关心我们周围的自然。所以“狂野之旅”希望学生们爱护自然，故选A。
2.细节理解题。根据“ find an animal yu like in a lcal museum and create yur wn picture. These pictures will then be upladed and shwn as part f a Wild Wrld ne big digital artwrk at the end f this mnth.”可知，在当地的博物馆里找一个你喜欢的动物，然后创作你自己的画。这些照片将被上传，并在本月底作为Wild Wrld的一个大型数字艺术作品的一部分展示。所以要参加“狂野之旅”，你必须在网上提交你的图片，故选C。
4.推理判断题。本文是“狂野之旅”的广告信息，故选B。
Passage 5
（2023·深圳中学一模试题）
Spend yur hliday in a smart way with these apps!
1. Grammarly can d many things EXCEPT ________.
A. checking spelling mistakes fr yuB. fixing the mistake n its wn
C. finding gd synnyms fr yur wrdsD. checking punctuatin mistakes
2. What des the underlined wrd “thers” refer t?
A. ther appsB. ther musclesC. ther equipmentD. ther exercises
3. What makes Mathway better than ther calculatrs?
A. It can help slve harder math prblems.B. It can calculate at a faster speed.
C. It can explain steps fr slving math prblems.D. It can shw yu answers mre quickly.
4. Accrding t the last paragraph, which f the fllwing is TRUE?
A. It is fun t have s many things t d.
B. A small red face means a task is imprtant.
C. Wat can help cmplete ur tasks in a fun way.
D. A small happy yellw face means a task is nt urgent.
5. What is the main idea f this passage?
A. Ways t spend yur hliday happily.B. Ways t have fun during yur hliday.
C. Apps t spend yur hliday smartly.D. Apps t help yu learn in a smart way.
【答案】1. B 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. C
【解析】本文主要介绍了一些让你以智能的方式度过假期的应用程序。
1.细节理解题。根据“Grammarly is great fr checking spelling, grammar, punctuatin (标点) and ther kinds f yu want t find sme gd synnyms (近义词) fr yur wrds, Grammarly can als help.”可知ACD选项都正确，B选项文章没有提及，故选B。
2.推理判断题。根据“Fitbd can change t meet yur needs after each exercise. If sme f yur muscles (肌肉) are tired, the app will fcus n thers.”可知Fitbd可以在每次运动后根据你的需要进行调整。如果你的某些肌肉疲劳了，应用程序就会关注其他肌肉。所以thers指的是其他肌肉，故选B。
3.细节理解题。根据“Even better, the app can explain each step fr slving math prblems. This way, yu can understand hw t slve a math prblem.”可知它可以解释解决数学问题的步骤使得Mathway比其他计算器更好，故选C。
4.细节理解题。根据“A small, happy yellw face means we can take ur time. ”可知一张小而快乐的黄色脸意味着我们可以慢慢来。故选D。
5.主旨大意题。根据“Spend yur hliday in a smart way with these apps!”以及全文可知本文主要介绍了一些让你以智能的方式度过假期的应用程序。故选C。
Passage 6
（2023·深圳一模试题）
1. What are these ads fr?
A. Fd yu can rder fr delivery.B. Places t g n vacatin.
C. Things n sale in a big stre.D. Special ffers at a shpping center.
2. Which f the fllwing is true accrding t the ads?
A. Spending $50 means 3 hurs f free parking.
B. One persn can buy 5 tickets fr the price f three.
C. At Mike’s Café, peple can get a free drink after spending $6.
D. After buying tw CDs, yu can get anther tw CDs fr free.
3. Which f the fllwing is NOT mentined at this mall?
A. Clthes stre.B. Bk stre.C. Music stre.D. Ty stre.
4. When des the bk discunt ffer end?
A. Nvember 14.B. Nvember 21.C. December 1.D. December 21.
5. We can knw frm this passage ________.
A. there is mre than ne theater in the center.
B. if yu buy a bk there, yu may pay less than half the price.
C. yu may get a free ne if yu buy a shirt, r a tie, r a pair f shes.
D. yu wn’t get a free sft drink unless yu spend mre than 10 dllars n the meal.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. D 4. A 5. A
【解析】这篇短文是几篇优惠广告。每一篇小短文都有一个标题，我们可以从标题中知道这一篇的主要内容，如六小时免费停车、买一送一、降价10%、半价电影票等。
1.D主旨大意题。浏览每一个广告的小标题，如六小时免费停车、买一送一、降价10%、半价电影票等，我们可以知道这是一些商家打的促销广告。故选D。
2.C细节理解题。根据最后一个广告Buy any meal fr at least $6 at Mike’s Café, and receive a free sft drink可知，在Mike’s咖啡馆，花费6美元就可以得到一杯免费的饮料。故C是正确的。根据第一个广告可知，花费100美元，就可以免费停车6小时，但是没有说花50美元就可以免费停车3小时；根据第五个广告可知，买一张电影票后，就可以半价买第二张电影票；根据第二个广告可知买两张CD就可以参加竞赛。故A、B、D均不对。
3.D细节理解题。根据文章可知这些广告中涉及了衣服店、书店和卖CD商店，但是没有提到玩具店，故选D。
4.细节理解题。根据文章中第四个广告中Offer here until Nvember 14.可知，这个优惠是到11月14日，故选A。
5.A细节理解题。根据文章的第五个广告The latest mvies are here, being shwn in ne f ur five theaters at Bayfield Shpping Center.可知，这个电影院只是这个购物中心5个电影院中的一个。故选A。根据第四个广告可知，买书可以优惠10%，而不是半价还少，故B不对；根据第三个广告可知是买衬衫或领带可以再免费得到一个衬衫或领带，没有提到鞋；根据最后一个广告可知，花费6美元就可以得到一杯饮料，而不是10美元。
Passage 7
（2023·江苏扬州）
China has made great achievements in bidiversity prtectin. Building a natinal park system is ne f the greatest jbs that China has dne s far. In Octber 2021, China’s first five natinal parks were designated (认定). They are hme t nearly 30% f the earth’s key wildlife species (物种) fund in China, cvering a prtected land area f 230,000 square kilmeters. This table will infrm yu f the first five natinal parks—China’s treasures in nature.
31. What des the passage mainly tell us?
A. When China’s first five natinal parks were discvered.
B. Sme general infrmatin f China’s first five natinal park!
C. What challenges China’s first five natinal parks are facing.
D. Sme actins t prtect the wildlife species in these parks.
32. Accrding t the passage, which park has the mst types f landscapes?
A. Wuyishan Natinal Park. B. Giant Panda Natinal Park.
C. Sanjiangyuan Natinal Park. D. Nrtheast China Tiger and Lepard Natinal Park.
33. Accrding t the passage, which f the fllwing is TRUE abut the prgress f the parks?
A. B.
C. D.
【答案】31. B 32. C 33. A
【解析】本文是介绍中国首批五大国家公园的一些信息情况。
31.主旨大意题。根据“This table will infrm yu f the first five natinal parks—China’s treasures in nature.”以及整个文章的理解可知，主要是介绍中国首批五大国家公园的一些基本信息，故选B。
32.细节理解题。根据“Sanjiangyuan Natinal Park”中的信息“Landscapes: Glaciers, snw-capped muntains, high-altitude wetlands, deserts, alpine grasslands”可知，三江源国家公园有最多种类的地形，故选C。
33.细节理解题。根据“Nrtheast China Tiger and Lepard Natinal Park”中的信息“Prgress: Increasing ppulatin f prtected animal species frm the year f 2015 t 2022 — Siberian tigers: 27→50; Amur lepards: 42→60”可知，从2015年到2022年，保护动物种群数量不断增加——东北虎：27→50；东北豹：42→60，故选A。
Passage 8
（2023·山东滨州）
Children’s games in ancient China
During ancient times, children didn’t have smart phne, iPad r cmputer t entertain them. Instead, they came up with interesting games t play in their childhd. Let’s take a lk.
26. Hw can hide-and-seek be played?
A. One plays and thers watch.
B. One must cry and thers laugh.
C One tries t find and thers hide.
D. One runs and thers try t catch.
27. In ancient China, the earliest kites were made f ________.
A. paperB. metalC. plasticD. wd
28. The game that’s like watching a film is ________.
A. kicking atne ballsB. flying kites
C. watching shadw playsD. playing hide-and-seek
29. Accrding t the passage, the game f kicking a stne ball was ________.
A. ften played in winterB. ppular in Suth China
C. invented in BeijingD. played t keep cl
30. Frm the passage we can learn that ________.
A. Tianjin is famus fr the bird-shaped kite with lng wings
B. the puppets culd mve like peple with the artists’ cntrlling
C. kicking a stne ball was a ppular game befre the Qing Dynasty
D. all the children must cver their eyes while playing hide-and-seek
【答案】26. C 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. B
【解析】本文主要介绍了中国古代的儿童游戏。
26.细节理解题。根据“thers hide and ne child must try t find them”可知玩捉迷藏时，其他人躲起来，一个人找。故选C。
27.细节理解题。根据“The earliest kites weren’t made f paper. They were made f wd instead”可知最早的风筝是木头做的。故选D。
28.细节理解题。根据“Watching shadw mst similar thing t watching a film”可知看皮影戏和看电影相似。故选C。
29.细节理解题。根据“kicking a stne ball arund was a ppular sprt in the nrthern part f China, and it was ften played in the winter”可知踢石头经常在冬天进行。故选A。
30.细节理解题。根据“The artists cntrlled puppets (木偶) behind the screen t make the puppets mve like peple and tell stries”可知艺术家们控制着屏幕后面的木偶，让木偶像人一样移动并讲述故事。故选B。
Passage 9
（2023·湖北宜昌）
Cme and buy bks at ur great sale! Here is the infrmatin abut sme new bks. Yu will get 50% ff if yu buy three r mre bks tgether.
Chinese Clthing(￥50)
It’s written by Hua Mei, a prfessr f a university. It’s abut typical Chinese clthing styles in different histrical perids. Frm the bk, readers can knw traditinal Chinese custms have made a big difference in clthing culture.
A Little Bit f Beijing (¥60)
The writers are Li Han and Hu Yan. The bk is abut the beautiful buildings in Beijing. It’s a great gift fr kids wh lve picture bks with clrful huses, cars and flwers.
The Brightest frm the Best(¥40)
The writers are Hng and Zhang Xialng. The bk tells us sme stries abut chices and grwth. It recrds the real lives f eleven yung peple. They graduated frm tp universities and went t serve the peple in the pr areas in China.
Stries f China(¥30)
It’s written in bth English and Chinese. All the writers are frm China and UK. The flk stries in this bk help readers understand Chinese histry and culture better.
26. Wh wrte Chinese Clthing accrding t the passage?
A. Hua Mei.B. Hu Yan.C. Li Han.D. Wang Hng.
27. Which bk is the best gift fr kids wh like clrful pictures?
A. Stries f China.B. Chinese Clthing.
C. A Little Bit f Beijing.D. The Brightest frm the Best.
28. What is The Brightest frm the Best abut?
A. The histry f clthes.B. The flk stries f China.
C. The beauty f Beijing.D. The real stries f yung peple.
29. Hw much will yu pay if yu buy these fur bks tgether?
A. 70 yuan.B. 90 yuan.C. 140 yuan.D. 180 yuan.
30. What d yu knw frm the passage?
A. An intrductin t sme bks.B. A list f several bkstres.
C. An interview with freign readers.D. A reprt n famus writers.
【答案】26. A 27. C 28. D 29. B 30. A
【解析】本文介绍了书店促销的四本书。
26.细节理解题。根据“Chinese Clthing(￥50) It’s written by Hua Mei, a prfessr f a university.”可知《中国服饰》这本书是华梅写的。故选A。
27.细节理解题。根据“ It’s a great gift fr kids wh lve picture bks with clrful huses, cars and flwers.”可知《北京一角》这本书适合喜欢图画的孩子们。故选C。
28.细节理解题。根据“The bk tells us sme stries abut chices and grwth. It recrds the real lives f eleven yung peple.”可知The Brightest frm the Best这本书介绍了年轻人的真实故事，记录了选择和成长的故事。故选D。
29.推理判断题。根据“Chinese Clthing(￥50)”、“A Little Bit f Beijing (¥60)”、“The Brightest frm the Best(¥40)”和“Stries f China(¥30)”可知这四本书一共180元，根据“Yu will get 50% ff if yu buy three r mre bks tgether.”可知买三本以上半价，也就是90元。故选B。
30.主旨大意题。根据“Here is the infrmatin abut sme new bks.”可知本文主要是一些书的介绍。故选A。
Passage 10
(2023-24·江苏常州期末考)
Here are sme children’s bks. They are als very ppular with parents because it’s a gd chice t read these bks t their children while parenting them.
1. What des the underlined wrd “tear” mean?
A. breakB. clseC. penD. lse
2. Which bk will make children feel surprised when they cme t the end f the bk?
A. Gdnight MnB. Baby Tuch and Feel: Animals
C. Peek-a Wh?D. The Wnderful Things Yu Will Be
3. What d the fur bks have in cmmn?
A. Their writers are all children.B. They all have rhyming pems.
C. Their characters are all animals.D. They all have attractive pictures.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D
【解析】本文主要介绍了四本受欢迎的儿童书。
1.词义猜测题。根据“Its cver can still remain strng even after being thrwn away, and its thick and strng bard pages wn’t tear.”可知，此处指这本书的封面即使被扔掉也能保持坚固，而且它厚而坚固的板页不会坏掉。因此“tear”与“break”同义。故选A。
2.细节理解题。根据“Peek-a Wh?…Wndering what’s hiding n the next page and lking thrugh thse bright pictures will keep kids guessing and smiling all the way t the unexpected endings.”可知，Peek-a Wh?这本书当孩子们读到结尾时会感到惊讶。故选C。
3.细节理解题。根据“Because f the nice petry f the wrds and the gentle pictures, this bk is lved by a great number f readers.”、“It is filled with real-life animal pictures having tuch-and-feel textures (质地) that can develp kids’ knwledge while increasing their use f senses.”、“Wndering what’s hiding n the next page and lking thrugh thse bright pictures will keep kids guessing and smiling all the way t the unexpected endings.”及“With beautiful pictures, this is a bk that grwn-ups will lve reading ver and ver t kids t shw their lve.”可知四本书都有着吸引人的照片。故选D。
考向二、记叙文
Passage 1
（2023-24·江苏扬州期末考）
The Hug (雨果) Awards, the wrld’s tp science fictin awards, were annunced n the night f Oct 21, 2023. Chinese writer Hai Ya’s bk The Space-Time Painter wn the Hug Award fr Best Nvelette. He became the third Chinese writer t win a Hug award after Liu Cixin in 2015 and Ha Jingfang in 2016.
When creating The Space-Time Painter, Hai Ya drew his idea frm a famus painting by Wang Ximeng frm the Sng Dynasty (960-1279). Based n Wang, Hai Ya created a painter named Zha Ximeng. After many hard times, Zha’s mind leaves his bdy and enters a space where a mdern pliceman is trying t slve a case abut an ancient painting.
Hai Ya’s stry with science fictin began in his childhd. “When I was a child, the bkstre in my hmetwn helped create a beautiful garden in my mind that belnged t me nly. In it, science fictin ffered the mst beautiful ‘flwers’. Science fictin pened up a new wrld t him as a kid,” said Hai Ya.
Hai Ya’s wrks are a mix f histry and science fictin. These tw styles seem ppsite. One lks back at the past, and the ther faces the future. Hwever, in Hai Ya’s wrks, they find a perfect balance.
“If we can nly imagine the future and things in space like rckets, it will nly limit ur imaginatin. I dn’t think histry is smething cmpletely in the past. It is flwing, and we can lk frward t the future by lking back at histry. Histry is als part f ur future,” Hai Ya said.
Science fictin lvers in China feel inspired (激发) by Hai Ya. Mre Chinese writers tday are trying t mix traditinal culture with mdern stries. Hai Ya believes that it is nt a chice but a natural prcess (过程). “Our histry and culture have universal values (普世价值) that can tuch everyne,” he said.
47. What d we knw abut The Space-Time Painter?
A. It tells Wang Ximeng’s life stry.B. It is inspired by an ancient painting.
C. Its stry is based n the faraway future.D. It is a nvel abut the Sng Dynasty.
48. Hw did science fictin influence Hai Ya as a child?
A. It ffered him traditinal ways t write nvels.B. It taught him a lt abut planting flwers.
C. It intrduced him t a different wrld.D. It helped him mix the East with the West.
49. What des Hai Ya believe abut the relatinship between histry and the future?
A. Histry is ppsite t the future.
B. Histry can help us lk frward t ur future.
C. Histry ffers us everything t shape ur future.
D. Histry and the future are separate frm each ther.
50. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. Chinese traditinal culture is inspired by Hai Ya.
B. Mixing traditinal and mdern culture is a chice.
C. Chinese writers are trying t limit their science fictin wrks.
D. A new frce f science fictin has risen t spread Chinese culture.
【答案】47. B 48. C 49. B 50. D
【解析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了中国科幻作家海漄的小说《时空画师》获2023雨果奖“最佳短中篇小说”，主要介绍了作家创作《时空画师》的历程和小说的内容及其特点。该小说采用了推理小说的写法，将中国传统文化、历史、推理与科幻相结合，追溯了一幅虚构的画作创作以及“当时”的朝野权力斗争故事。
47.细节理解题。根据第二段“When creating The Space-Time Painter, Hai Ya drew his idea frm a famus painting by Wang Ximeng frm the Sng Dynasty (960-1279).”可知，在创作《时空画师》时，海漄从宋朝王希孟的一幅名画中汲取了灵感。故选B。
48.细节理解题。根据“Hai Ya’s stry with science fictin began in his childhd…Science fictin pened up a new wrld t him as a kid,’ said Hai Ya.”可知，海漄与科幻小说的故事始于他的童年，科幻小说为他打开了一个新世界。故选C。
49.细节理解题。根据第五段“I dn’t think histry is smething cmpletely in the past. It is flwing, and we can lk frward t the future by lking back at histry. Histry is als part f ur future”可知，海漄不认为历史完全是过去的事情，人们可以通过回顾历史来展望未来，历史也是未来的一部分。故选B。
50.推理判断题。根据最后一段“Mre Chinese writers tday are trying t mix traditinal culture with mdern stries. Hai Ya believes that it is nt a chice but a natural prcess. ‘Our histry and culture have universal values that can tuch everyne,’ he said.”可知，越来越多的中国作家试图将传统文化与现代故事结合起来，这是一种自然过程，据此可以推断将会有更多类似的科幻力量崛起，创作出大量的具有历史文化和现代科幻的作品，从而传播、弘扬中国文化。故选D。
Passage 2
（2023-24·广州番禺区统考）
Su Shi, als knwn as Su Dngp, was an utstanding Chinese pet（政治家）, wh lived during the Sng Dynasty frm 1037 t 1101.
Su Shi was brn int a well﹣knwn family in Meishan, Sichuan prvince. His father and brther were bth great pets. Su Shi shwed great talent frm a yung age and was knwn fr his skills in handwriting and painting. At the age f 20, Su Shi successfully passed the imperial（科举）, Su held a number f different gvernment psitins acrss China. Hwever, his different pinins ften gt him int truble because f disagreements at ur three times. In 1079, Su Shi was even sent t prisn. Althugh he gt ut f prisn at last, Su Shi’s literary talent cntinued t shine, and he prduced exile, ”Red Cliff”, a great number f petic wrks during his lifetime. In 1080, he fund peace in nature and prduced sme f his best wrks. The famus pem, “Red Cliff”, as he was als a great prse writer. His article “On the Lve f the Ltus”shws his lve fr the beauty f the flwer. In additin, his cllectin f shrt stries, shws his humur and wisdm.
It was nt nly in the literary field that Su Shi was highly praised. As an fficial, he wn the lve and supprt f the peple. During his services, he did a lt fr the peple. In 1077, he prtected the city frm a terrible fld. The peple in Xuzhu were thankful t him and gave him sme fd as presents.
Althugh Su Shi’s life was filled with bth achievements and trubles, he is remembered as ne f the greatest peple in Chinese histry, and his creative genius and strng spirit cntinue t influence and guide peple arund China.
30. In what rder did the fllwing happen in Su Shi’s life?
a. He began his fficial career.
b. He prtected Xuzhu frm a fld.
c. He created “Red Cliff”.
d. He was sent in prisn.
e. He shwed great talent in painting.
A. e﹣a﹣c﹣b﹣dB. e﹣a﹣b﹣d﹣cC. a﹣b﹣e﹣c﹣dD. a﹣c﹣e﹣b﹣d
31. What is paragraph 3 mainly abut?
A. Sushi’s fficial career.
B. Sushi’s early life experience.
C. Sushi’s achievements in literary field.
D. Sushi’s mst imprtant literary wrks.
32. Why culd Su Shi win the supprt frm peple?
A. He lked n the bright side and created many wrks.
B. He was gd at writing humrus and wise shrt stries.
C. He cared abut the peple and helped them slve prblems.
D. He was sent t prisn and under strict cntrl fr a lng time.
33. What des the writer think f Su Shi?
A. He encurages a lt f peple.
B. He has changed Chinese histry.
C. He is the greatest pet in China.
D. He lived a happy and successful life.
【答案】30. B 31. A 32. C 33. A
【解析】本文是记叙文。讲述了著名诗人苏轼的才华和人生际遇。
30.细节理解题。根据第二段“Su Shi shwed great talent frm a yung age and was knwn fr his skills in handwriting and painting.”可知苏轼很早就展现了绘画和书法方面的才华。“At the age f 20, Su Shi successfully passed the imperial”可知，20岁通过科举考试。第二段 “In 1079, Su Shi was even sent t prisn.”可知1079年入狱，“In 1080, he fund peace in nature and prduced sme f his best wrks. The famus pem, was ne f them. （1080年，在流亡期间创作了一些最好的作品。）”以及第三段“In 1077, he prtected the city frm a terrible fld.”可知1077年他帮助人民抗洪。正确顺序为e﹣a﹣b﹣d﹣c。故选B。
31.段落大意题。根据第三段“It was nt nly in the literary field that Su Shi was highly praised. As an fficial, he wn the lve and supprt f the peple.” 可知，他在文学上有成就，而且在做官的时候也受到百姓爱戴，故本段内容讲述他的仕途。故选A。
32.细节理解题。根据第三段“During his services, he did a lt fr the peple. In 1077, he prtected the city frm a terrible fld. ”可知1077年，他保护了这座城市免受一场可怕的洪水，是因为他关心人民。故选C。
33.推理判断题。根据最后一段“his creative genius and strng spirit cntinue t influence and guide peple arund China.”可知，作者认为他的才干和坚强精神继续影响和指导着中国各地的人们，作者认为他鼓励了很多人。故选A。
Passage 9
（2024·深圳一模）
Christina wanted t lead the way back t camp and went n talking cheerfully, asking different kinds f questins abut plants and wildlife.
As we walked abut halfway dwn the hillside, she fell ver a stne. I jgged up t where she tripped. Suddenly, I saw a lin abut ten feet up n a huge rck watching me. It was making a lng deep angry sund.
I std perfectly still, hlding my breath, wndering what t d. Christina was crying dwn belw. I culdn’t shut t her t be quiet, r the lin might attack me.
Then, remembering Dad’s wrds, I slwly drpped my backpack and tk ff my T-shirt. With the pack n ne arm and the T-shirt n the ther, I spread my arms, trying t lk as wide and big as I culd. Carefully I mved away dwn the hillside tward Christina, keeping my eyes n the lin.
“Christina,” I called. “Stp crying. Get up slwly and catch my belt. We’re ging dwn the hill. There’s a lin at the tp.”
We mved quietly and slwly dwn the hill. Once back t the frest, with the lin ut f view, I remved the sweat (汗水) frm my face with my T-shirt befre putting it n, and lked at Christina. Hatless, red eyes, a few small cuts but nthing majr.
I pulled ut the map. The campgrund was n the ther side f the hill. We had hiked fr miles befre we finally made ur way back t ur site.
Dad saw me first.
“Where have yu been?” he shuted.
“We were s wrried,” Mther cried.
“Mmmy, yu didn’t have t wrry. Sean is real smart.” Christina said.
I caught Dad’s eye. He smiled. At that mment I realized I was a big brther.
16. Hw did Christina feel befre she fell ver a stne?
A. Happy.B. Prud.C. Nervus.D. Wrried.
17. What did Sean d when he first saw the lin?
A. He started crying.B. He picked up a huge rck.
C. He remained still.D. He jgged up t his sister.
18. Why did Sean try t lk wide and big?
A. T keep balance.B. T scare the lin.
C. T shw cnfidence.D. T prepare t fight.
19. What can we infer (推断) frm Paragraph 6?
A. Sean didn’t care abut Christina at all.B. Sean didn’t relax until he reached the frest.
C. Christina gt badly hurt n the way back.D. Christina cmfrted Sean by cleaning his face.
20. What is the best title f this passage?
A. Father’s Smiling EyesB. A Terrible Muntain Lin
C. The Way t Becming a Big BrtherD. Christina’s Exciting Wild Adventure
【答案】16. A 17. C 18. B 19. B 20. C
【解析】本文讲述了遇到狮子时，聪明的哥哥保护妹妹Christina安全撤离。
16.细节理解题。根据“Christina wanted t lead the way back t camp and went n talking cheerfully, asking different kinds f questins abut plants and wildlife.”可知妹妹摔倒之前愉快地交谈，因此她是很开心的，故选A。
17.细节理解题。根据“I std perfectly still, hlding my breath”可知是一动不动地站着，屏住呼吸，故选C。
18.推理判断题。根据“With the pack n ne arm and the T-shirt n the ther, I spread my arms, trying t lk as wide and big as I culd.”可知是让自己看起来更强壮，以此来吓住狮子，故选B。
19.推理判断题。根据“Once back t the frest, with the lin ut f view, I remved the sweat (汗水) frm my face with my T-shirt befre putting it n, and lked at Christina. Hatless, red eyes, a few small cuts but nthing majr.”可知直到Sean回到森林才放松下来，检查妹妹的情况。故选B。
20.最佳标题。根据“At that mment I realized I was a big brther.”以及结合全文，可知本文讲述了遇到狮子时，聪明勇敢的哥哥保护妹妹Christina安全撤离。因此最佳标题是“The Way t Becming a Big Brther”，故选C。
Passage 4
（2023·湖北武汉）
Bert wn a natinal prize called Yung Heres fr his “green” prject. This public-spirited yung persn was nw a university student. His lve fr insects grew deeper and he was prtecting them fr the future.
_________. When he was arund 4 r 5, he always lved t watch different insects, especially beautiful swallwtails(凤蝶). One interesting fact he learned abut swallwtails was that their bright clrs warned hungry animals that they tasted bad. And it was als fun t watch hw they came int being. But the reasn he really fell in lve with them was that they were very accessible. Fr example, if yu wanted t attract (吸引) swallwtails, yu planted sme zinnias, a kind f bright flwers.
Bert started a zinnia garden at his huse, where he raised a large number f swallwtails ver the years. With the wrld’s swallwtail ppulatin falling, Bert wanted peple t realize that if insects like swallwtails disappeared, s wuld all the thers abve them n the fd chain. T make the fact clear and easy t understand fr ther students, he als created a zinnia garden at his junir high schl.
Part f the jy fr Bert was watching the yunger students get excited when running after swallwtails. “Whenever a swallwtail lands n them, the yung students will sn fall in lve with these cute insects. They develp a new appreciatin fr them,” he said.
Bert put his effrts int the envirnmental educatinal prject and made it take flight.
1. After Bert was hnred with Yung Heres, _________.
A. he ften gave speeches in public
B. he set up his “green” prject
C. he became interested in swallwtails
D. he went n prtecting insects
2. Which f the fllwing can be put in _________?
A. Bert saved many swallwtails
B. Bert had a dull childhd
C. Bert fund his lve early in life
D. Bert made a hard decisin
3. The underlined wrd “accessible” in paragraph 2 means “_________”.
A. dangerus t feedB. easy t get clse t
C. hard t raiseD. safe t reach
4. The main reasn fr Bert t create a zinnia garden at schl was _________.
A. t watch students have fun
B t make his schl mre beautiful
C. t stp swallwtails frm disappearing
D. t help kids learn abut swallwtails
5. What wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A. A Bright FlwerB. A Flying PrjectC. A Green GardenD. A Warning Actin
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B 4. D 5. B
【解析】本文主要讲述了因为“绿色”项目而获得“青年英雄”奖项的男孩Bert热爱昆虫并保护它们的故事。
1.细节理解题。根据“Bert wn a natinal prize called Yung Heres fr his ‘green’ prject…His lve fr insects grew deeper and he was prtecting them fr the future”可知，获奖之后继续保护昆虫，故选D。
2.推理判断题。根据“When he was arund 4 r 5, he always lved t watch different insects”可知，此处应介绍他从什么时候开始喜欢观察昆虫，C选项符合，故选C。
3.词义猜测题。根据“But the reasn he really fell in lve with them was that they were very accessible”及“Fr example, if yu wanted t attract (吸引) swallwtails, yu planted sme zinnias, a kind f bright flwers”可知，如果你想吸引凤蝶，你就种一些百日菊，也就是凤蝶很容易接近，所以划线单词与easy t get clse t同义，故选B。
4.细节理解题。根据“T make the fact clear and easy t understand fr ther students, he als created a zinnia garden at his junir high schl”可知，是为了帮助孩子了解凤蝶，故选D。
5.最佳标题题。根据“Bert put his effrts int the envirnmental educatinal prject and made it take flight.”及全文介绍可知，本文主要讲述了Bert热爱昆虫并保护它们的故事，所以B选项“A Flying Prject”符合本文标题，故选B。
Passage 5
（2023·河南）
Plunk! I drpped anther pecan (山核桃) int my basket. Then a gentle autumn wind blew sme mre ff the tree. I ran t pick them up. Whew! Pecan picking was hard. My basket was nly half full.
I was visiting my grandpa’s farm in Kansas, and Grandpa sent me int the wds t pick up pecans fr us t enjy later. I wasn’t abut t let him dwn.
Then smething caught my eye: a squirrel picked up a pecan, climbed up a tree and disappeared int a large hle. A mment later, the squirrel climbed dwn t the grund t pick anther pecan. Once again, he tk the pecan back t his secret hiding place inside the hllw (洞) f the tree.
Nt s secret anymre, I thught. I ran ver t the tree and fund the hllw was filled with sweet pecans. They were right there fr the taking. This was my chance. Handful by handful, I tk all the pecans frm the hllw. Nw the basket was full!
I was s prud f myself. I culdn’t wait t shw Grandpa all f the pecans I’d cllected.
“Lk, Grandpa,” I shuted, “lk at all f the pecans I fund!”
Grandpa tk a lk at my basket. “Well, well, hw did yu find s many, Jimmy?” I tld him hw I’d fllwed the squirrel and taken the pecans frm his hiding place. Grandpa cngratulated me n finding ut smething abut the squirrel’s habits. Then he did smething that surprised me. He handed the basket back t me and put his arm gently arund my shulders.
“That squirrel wrked very hard t cllect his winter fd” he said. “Nw that all f his pecans are gne, dn’t yu think that little squirrel will be very hungry when it gets cld?”
“I didn’t think abut that,” I said.
“I knw,” Grandpa said. “But a gd man shuld never take advantage f smene else’s hard wrk, even the squirrel’s.”
Suddenly I felt as hllw as that ld tree. The image (形象) f that hungry squirrel wuldn’t leave my mind. There was nly ne thing I culd d.
…
6. Why did the writer g t the wds at the beginning f the stry?
A. T pick up pecans.B. T catch little animals.
C. T feed the squirrels.D. T lk fr his grandpa.
7. The writer was prud f himself because ________.
A. he was praised by his grandpa
B. he fund ut his grandpa’s secret
C. he helped the squirrel in the hllw
D. he filled his basket with s many pecans
8. Which f the fllwing can best describe Grandpa?
A. Kind and wise.B. Caring and humrus.
C. Shy and friendly.D. Patient and hard-wrking.
9. What is the pssible ending t the stry?
A. The writer sent the pecans t his neighbrs.
B. The writer put all the pecans back int the hle.
C. The writer hid the pecans in his grandpa’s huse.
D. The writer enjyed all the pecans with his family.
10. What is the best title fr the text?
A. An unusual treeB. The stlen pecans
C. A smart squirrelD. The magic basket
【答案】6. A 7. D 8. A 9. B 10. B
【解析】本文讲述了作者把松鼠树洞里的山核桃据为己有，带回家给爷爷看，爷爷告诉他：一个好人不应该窃取别人的劳动成果。
6.细节理解题。根据“Grandpa sent me int the wds t pick up pecans”可知，作者去树林里摘山核桃。故选A。
7.细节理解题。根据“Nw the basket was full! I was s prud f myself. I culdn’t wait t shw Grandpa all f the pecans I’d cllected.”可知，作者自豪是因为他在篮子里装满了山核桃。故选D。
8.推理判断题。根据“He handed the basket back t me and put his arm gently arund my shulders.”和爷爷说的话“Nw that all f his pecans are gne, dn’t yu think that little squirrel will be very hungry when it gets cld?”，“But a gd man shuld never take advantage f smene else’s hard wrk, even the squirrel’s.”可知，爷爷没有责备作者，而是耐心地告诉他不应该窃取别人的劳动成果，拿走松鼠的食物，冬天它会挨饿。由此可知，爷爷是善良并且有智慧的。故选A。
9.推理判断题。根据最后一段“Suddenly I felt as hllw as that ld tree. The image (形象) f that hungry squirrel wuldn’t leave my mind. There was nly ne thing I culd d.”可知，作者明白了自己做的事情会伤害那只松鼠，所以他接下来会把山核桃送回松鼠的树洞中。故选B。
10.最佳标题题。文章通过讲述作者拿走松鼠山核桃的故事告诉我们：一个好人不应该窃取别人的劳动成果。B项“偷来的山核桃”适合做标题。故选B。
Passage 6
（2023·苏州）
It was my first day at schl. It was als Miss Carline’s first day t be a teacher.
Miss Carline began the day by reading us a stry abut cats Then she started t teach us the alphabet (字母表).
When Miss Carline discvered that I was literate (有读写能力的), she said, “Tell yur father nt t teach yu any mre. It’s best t begin reading and writing with a fresh mind.”
After supper that night, Atticus sat dwn with the paper and called, “Scut, ready t read?”
I tld Atticus I didn’t feel very well and didn’t think I’d g t schl any mre if it was all right with him.
“Yu never went t schl and yu d all right, s I’ll just stay hme t. Yu can teach me like Grandaddy taught yu.”
“N, I can’t,” said Atticus. “I have t make a living. Besides, they’d put me in prisn if I kept yu at hme. Nw what’s the matter?”
I tld him what happened at schl. “Miss Carline said yu taught me all wrng, s we can’t ever read any mre. Please dn’t send me back, please sir.”
“First f all,” he said, “if yu can learn a simple trick, Scut, yu’ll get alng a lt better with all kinds f peple. Yu never really understand a persn until yu cnsider things frm his pint f view—”
“Sir?”
“—until yu climb int his skin and walk arund in it.”
Atticus cntinued, “Yu learned many things tday. Miss Carline learned several things herself. We culd nt expect her t learn all ur ways in ne day, and we shuld understand her when she knew n better.”
“But if I keep n ging t schl, we can’t ever read any mre…”
“That’s really wrrying yu, isn’t it?”
“Yes, sir.”
When Atticus lked at me, I saw the lk n his face that always made me expect smething. “D yu knw what a cmprmise (妥协) is?” he asked.
“Breaking the law?”
“N, an agreement. It wrks this way,” he said. “If yu prmise me t g t schl, we’ll g n reading every night as usual. Is it OK?”
“Yes sir!”
1. What happened t Scut n her first day at schl?
A. She was nt able t read the alphabet.
B. She lst interest in reading and writing.
C. She culdn’t fllw Miss Carline in class.
D. She was asked t stp learning frm Atticus.
2. What des the underlined part in Paragraph 11 mean?
A. T play a small trick n him.B. T walk hand in hand with him.
C. T tell him abut yur thughts.D. T think frm his pint f view.
3. What did Scut agree t d twards the end f the stry?
A. G t schl.B. Stay at hme.
C. Teach herself.D. Make a living.
4. What can we infer frm the passage?
A. Scut didn’t trust Atticus.B. Scut didn’t like reading.
C. Atticus was a wise father.D. Atticus was mad at Scut.
【答案】1. D 2. D 3. A 4. C
【解析】本文主要讲述了Scut被老师发现有读写能力，于是老师要求Scut停止向父亲Atticus学习，Scut回家后把这件事告诉了父亲，她也很担心再也不能读书了，在父亲的开导下，最后同意去上学的故事。
1.细节理解题。根据“Tell yur father nt t teach yu any mre. It’s best t begin reading and writing with a fresh mind”可知Scut被老师要求停止向Atticus学习。故选D。
2.词句猜测题。根据“Yu never really understand a persn until yu cnsider things frm his pint f view”（除非你从一个人的角度考虑问题，否则你永远不会真正了解他）可知此处是指Atticus让Scut从一个人的角度去思考。故选D。
3.细节理解题。根据“But if I keep n ging t schl, we can’t ever read any mre”（但是如果我继续上学，我们就不能再读书了）以及“If yu prmise me t g t schl, we’ll g n reading every night as usual. Is it OK?”（如果你答应我去上学，我们就像往常一样每天晚上继续读书。可以吗？）可知Scut在故事的结尾同意去上学，故选A。
4.推理判断题。根据全文可知，本文主要讲述了Scut被老师发现有读写能力，于是老师要求Scut停止向父亲Atticus学习，Scut回家后把这件事告诉了父亲，她也很担心再也不能读书了，在父亲的开导下，最后同意去上学的故事，可以推知Atticus是个明智的父亲。故选C。
Passage 7
（2023·广州一模）
Isaac Newtn was brn n Christmas Day, 1642. Frm the very first Newtn was very much interested in the mysteries f nature. Why did bjects mve? Why culd we see that stnes rlled dwn hills, wind blew leaves alng the grund, and heavy bjects fell t the earth when drpped?
At the age f twenty-three, Isaac Newtn mved frm Cambridge t his cuntry hme. There, his thughts turned t the prblems f mtin (运动定律). As Newtn himself later tld the stry, he was sitting in the garden ne evening, thinking, when he nticed a falling apple. The apple set him t wndering abut the mvement f falling bjects.
It ccurred t him that the frce which caused fruit t fall frm trees wrked as well at greater distances frm the center f the earth—n tp f buildings r even n tp f muntains. Perhaps, thught Newtn, this same frce reached ut much farther still, even t the mn. Newtn began t search fr a mathematical expressin f his idea.
In 1669, Newtn became a prfessr f mathematics at Cambridge. Three years later, he jined the Ryal Sciety. Befre lng, Newtn began again t study the prblems f mtin. At last, he seemed t have slved the main difficulties, but he did nt publish his findings at nce.
Only in 1687 did he at last publish his new thery. Newtn’s great wrk, The Mathematical Principles f Natural Philsphy, marked the success f the Scientific Revlutin. Newtn put the famus three laws f mtin in it. Newtn was sn recgnized as the leader f English science. In 1703, he became the president f the Ryal Sciety.
Science was never quite the same after Newtn’s discveries. N wnder that the eighteenth-century pet Ppe, lking back at Newtn’s wrk, wrte: Nature and Nature’s laws lay hid in night; Gd said, Let Newtn be!—And all was light.
Newtn, hwever, never rested n his fame (名望). He cntinued t wrk and study. In his last years, he nce said t a friend, “I d nt knw what I may appear t the wrld, but t myself I seem t have been nly like a by, playing n the seashre, and nw and then finding a smther pebble (鹅卵石) r a prettier shell, while the great cean f truth lay undiscvered befre me.”
1. Where did Newtn begin t turn t the prblems f mtin?
A. At hme.B. At Cambridge.C. Outside the garden.D. On tp f a building.
2. The underlined wrd “it” in Paragraph 5 refers t ________.
A. the Ryal ScietyB. the success f the Scientific Revlutin
C. Newtn’s new theryD. The Mathematical Principles f Natural Philsphy
3. In what rder did the fllwing events happen t Newtn?
a. He became curius abut the mvement f falling bjects.
b. He published his new thery.
c. He jined the Ryal Sciety.
d. He shwed great interest in the mysteries f nature.
e. He was recgnized as the leader f English science.
A. d-a-c-b-eB. d-c-a-e-bC. a-d-c-e-bD. a-d-e-b-c
4. What can we infer frm the last paragraph?
A. Newtn acted like a little by.B. Newtn cntinued t wrk fr fame.
C. Newtn liked playing n the seashre.D. Newtn nly fcused n wrking and studying.
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. A 4. D
【解析】本文向我们介绍著名的科学家牛顿的故事。
1.细节理解题。根据“At the age f twenty-three, Isaac Newtn mved frm Cambridge t his cuntry hme. There, his thughts turned t the prblems f mtin.”可知，23岁时，牛顿从剑桥搬到了他乡下的家，在那里他的思想转向运动问题。故选A。
2.词义猜测题。分析“Newtn’s great wrk, The Mathematical Principles f Natural Philsphy, marked the success f the Scientific Revlutin. Newtn put the famus three laws f mtin in it.”可知，牛顿的伟大作品《自然哲学的数学原理》标志着科学革命的成功，在这本书中牛顿提出了著名的运动三定律。所以此处“it”指的是The Mathematical Principles f Natural Philsphy这本书，故选D。
3.细节理解题。根据“Frm the very first Newtn was very much interested in the mysteries f nature.”，“The apple set him t wndering abut the mvement f falling bjects.”，“Three years later, he jined the Ryal Sciety.”，“Only in 1687 did he at last publish his new thery.”和“Newtn was sn recgnized as the leader f English science.”可知，事情发生的顺序是d-a-c-b-e，故选A。
4.推理判断题。根据“Newtn, hwever, never rested n his fame. He cntinued t wrk and study.”可知，牛顿从不满足于他的名声，他继续工作和学习。所以牛顿只专注于工作和学习，而不是名声，故选D。
Passage 8
（2023·江苏扬州）
That night, July 11, 2022, Nick Bstic was driving dwn the streets f Lafayette, Indiana, when he fund a tw-stry huse was n fire.
Flames (火焰) were climbing up the frnt prch. Withut pausing fr a mment t think abut the danger, Bstic stpped his car and ran frm the back dr int the burning building, which belngs t the Barrett family.
Bstic had just started climbing the stairs when he lked up and saw fur faces appear frm a rm at the tp f the stairs and lk dwn at him, their eyes wide. “Yur huse is n fire, yu need t g!” Bstic yelled.
Bstic hurried the fur girls int the fresh air. “Anybdy else in there?” Bstic asked.
“Kaylani is in there! We can’t find her!” Seinna, the eldest f the girls, screamed referring t her six-year-ld sister. Withut hesitating, Bstic ran back inside.
By nw, the whle side f the huse was in flames. Bstic went upstairs. He searched every bedrm. N kid. The smke was thick nw. He lifted his T-shirt, trying t cver his muth and nse when he heard the sund f crying, frm the dark smke belw.
Bstic felt abut in the blackness and heat, mving dwnstairs tward the sund. Then suddenly Kaylani was in frnt f him. Bstic quickly lifted the girl int his arms. Where is the frnt dr?! Bstic remembered seeing a windw n the side f the huse where the fire hadn’t reached.
Bstic climbed back up, made it t the rm and brke the glass, Kaylani still in his arms.
Bstic and Kaylani lked dwn at the pen grassy space. The girl said, “___________” He was thinking the exact same thing.
But they had little chice. The flames were inching ever clser. Hlding Kaylani tightly in ne arm, Bstic ran frward and threw himself ut f the windw. He managed t land n the ther shulder. Kaylani was almst unhurt.
Days passed. Bstic wke up frm first-degree burns t his leg and arm, He felt like he’d just dne what anyne wuld have dne in that situatin. But utside the hspital, the stry f Nick Bstic was already spreading. He was a her—the pizza man wh had run int a burning building nt nce, but twice.
38. What des the underlined wrd “hesitating” mean in Paragraph 5?
A. 交谈B. 犹豫C. 埋怨D. 期待
39. Which f the fllwing is the crrect rder f the stry?
a. Bstic lked fr the dr with Kaylani in his arms.
b. Bstic led the fur girls ut int the fresh air.
c. Bstic went upstairs t search every bedrm fr Kaylani.
d. Bstic jumped ut f the windw hlding Kaylani tightly in ne arm.
e. Bstic fllwed the sund f crying t the dark smke belw.
A. cbadeB. bceadC. ceabdD. baedc
40. Which sentence shuld g in the empty bx in Paragraph 3 frm the bttm?
A. I want my sisters! B. Ww, we’ll be heres!
C. I can’t thank yu t much. D. I dn’t want t jump ut the windw.
41. The picture in the passage is helpful because it shws ________.
A. when Kaylani was fund
B. hw brave Kaylani and Bstic were
C. what the tw-stry huse n fire was like
D. hw the her saved Kaylani at the very mment
【答案】38. B 39. B 40. D 41. D
【解析】本文讲述了Nick Bstic遇到火灾时，勇敢地两次跑进燃烧的大楼成功地救人的故事。
38.词句猜测题。根据“Withut pausing fr a mment t think abut the danger, Bstic stpped his car and ran frm the back dr int the burning building, which belngs t the Barrett family.”和“Withut hesitating, Bstic ran back inside.”可知Bstic在着火的情况下又跑回去救人，应是“毫不犹豫地”，划线部分“hesitating”意为“犹豫”。故选B。
39.细节理解题。根据“Bstic hurried the fur girls int the fresh air.”；“By nw, the whle side f the huse was in flames. Bstic went upstairs. He searched every bedrm. N kid. The smke was thick nw.”可知，Bstic先催促四个女孩呼吸新鲜空气，接着去屋子里寻找Kaylani，即前两个事件顺序为bc。故选B。
40.推理判断题。根据“Bstic and Kaylani lked dwn at the pen grassy space. The girl said, ‘...’ He was thinking the exact same thing.”和“But they had little chice. The flames were inching ever clser. Hlding Kaylani tightly in ne arm, Bstic ran frward and threw himself ut f the windw.(但他们别无选择。火焰越来越近了。Bstic紧紧地抱着Kaylani，向前跑去，从窗户跳了出去。)”可知此时他们的选择只有跳出窗外。选项D“我可不想从窗户跳下去。”符合语境。故选D。
41.推理判断题。本文讲述了Nick Bstic遇到火灾时，勇敢地两次跑进燃烧的大楼成功地救人的故事，图片中“火灾中，一个男子抱着小女孩跳出窗户”的情景说明Bstic是如何在关键时刻救下Kaylani的。故选D。
Passage 9
（2023·浙江宁波）
It was the last day f the schl year. The classrm was filled with excitement. When ur teacher, Mr. Jhnsn, walked in, hlding a CD player, everyne’s face lit up with a smile. We knew that this wasn’t ging t be anther nrmal day, but a special ne.
“Please calm dwn and sit,” said Mr. Jhnsn, “I’m glad everyne’s here fr the final reading test f the year.” When everyne cried, Mr. Jhnsn laughed, saying it was just a jke. Then he reminded us that we still had a jb t d. “Yu need t clean ut yur desks and put all yur things int yur backpacks.” he added gently.
As we began ur task, Mr. Jhnsn turned n the CD player. The lively music made the rm feel like a party. Sme f us started singing alng with the music, thers were dancing arund their desks while they were cleaning them ut. Even Mr. Jhnsn shwed us a few dance steps, making everyne laugh heartily. After we finished cleaning, smene asked, “When is break time?” Mr. Jhnsn tk ut sme balls and started playing with them. Suddenly, he let the balls drp and said, “Break time starts ... nw!”
Just as we were abut t rush ut, ur headmaster, Mrs. Miller, appeared at the dr. “Mr. Jhnsn!” she cried ut. A mment f silence fell ver the rm as we thught, “Mr. Jhnsn might be in truble.” Hwever, t ur surprise, Mrs. Miller culdn’t help but laugh at the sight and left us t enjy ur break.
During break time, Mr. Jhnsn surprised us with anther treat. He went t the cafe and came back with ice creams fr everyne. We all cheered fr him!
As we walked back t the classrm, we passed Mrs. Miller’s ffice. Smene jked, “Dn’t play with the ice creams, Mr. Jhnsn!” We all laughed tgether...
19. What is the crrect rder f the fllwing activities?
①Mr. Jhnsn played with balls. ②Students gt ice creams happily.
③Students did the cleaning. ④Mr. Jhnsn jked abut having a test.
A. ①④③②B. ②①④③C. ③④②①D. ④③①②
20. What des the underlined wrd “them” in Paragraph 3 refer t?
A. Balls.B. CDs.C. Desks.D. Backpacks.
21. Which sentence in the passage shws that the headmaster is kind?
A. ..., Mrs. Miller, appeared at the dr.B. Mr. Jhnsn might be in truble.
C. Mrs. Miller culdn’t help but laugh...D. “Mr. Jhnsn!” she cried ut.
22. Which f the fllwing mst prbably happened at the end f the stry?
A. The students went back hme happily.B. Mr. Jhnsn became angry with the students.
C. The students still had a reading test.D. Mrs. Miller came ut running after the students.
【答案】19. D 20. C 21. C 22. A
【解析】本文讲述了在学年的最后一天，学生和老师度过了开心的一天。
19.细节理解题。根据“said Mr. Jhnsn, ‘I’m glad everyne’s here fr the final reading test f the year.’”可知Jhnsn老师首先开玩笑说要考试；根据“Then he reminded us that we still had a jb t d. ‘Yu need t clean ut yur desks and put all yur things int yur backpacks.’ he added gently.”可知接着提醒学生们要清理桌子。即前两件事顺序为④③。故选D。
20.词句猜测题。根据“thers were dancing arund their desks while they were cleaning them ut.”可知一些人在打扫桌子时围着桌子跳舞。划线部分“them”指代前文“their desks”。故选C。
21.推理判断题。根据“Hwever, t ur surprise, Mrs. Miller culdn’t help but laugh at the sight and left us t enjy ur break.”可知Hwever表示转折，此处是指校长Miller是很善良的，让学生们享受休息时间。故选C。
22.推理判断题。根据“We all laughed tgether...”和全文可知在学年的最后一天，学生们都很开心，可推知接下来学生高兴地回家了。故选A。
Passage 10
（2023·广州越秀模拟）
It is mre than sixty years since the death f Lei Feng, a yung sldier wh shwed the spirit f self-sacrifice, and yet the “Lei Feng spirit” is still alive, inspiring new generatins f Chinese peple.
On September 5th, 2022, when the earthquake struck Luding cunty in Suthwest China’s Sichuan prvince, 28-year-ld hydrpwer statin(水电站) wrker Gan Yu and his clleague chse t remain at their psts, saving villages frm being flded. Finally, his clleague was rescued n September 8th, while Gan was rescued by a lcal villager 17 days later.
“I’m nt a her.” Gan repeated, in an interview with Xinhua. The name Lei Feng is familiar t him, but Gan desn’t feel that he shuld be cmpared t the yung sldier. “Lei Feng is a rle mdel that all Chinese yung peple learn frm,” said Gan. “Educatin frm childhd can have a lngstanding effect n ne’s life. Times change, but we still need the ‘Lei Feng spirit’. The things he did may seem unimprtant, but behind them was a great spirit.”
Zeng Qiangfei, 24, is als frm Sichuan. In 2013, when an earthquake happened in Lushan cunty, he was studying in a middle schl.
Zeng remembered seeing rescuers and vlunteers gather there frm acrss China t help. When he grew up, he became a vlunteer in a lcal rescue team himself.
After a terrible earthquake in Turkey and Syria this year, he flew there t jin the rescue peratin. In six days, his team helped save nine survivrs.
“I grew up listening t Lei Feng’s stries. He is an extrardinary yung man wh made great effrt t help thers withut caring abut his wn lsses.” said Zeng. He learnt that gdwill （善念） is universal beynd languages and brders.
Sixty years n, the her sldier remains a rle mdel in China. The gdwill t help thers can always be fund amng rdinary peple.
26. What is the similarity between Gan Yu’s and Zeng Qiangfei’s experiences?
A. They used t experience the flds.
B. They have the gdwill t help thers.
C. They rescue peple in truble as vlunteers.
D. They received the best educatin during their childhd.
27. In what rder did the fllwing happen t Zeng Qiangfei?
a. His team helped save nine survivrs.
b. He grew up listening t Lei Feng’s stries.
c. An earthquake happened in Lushan cunty.
d. He became a vlunteer in a lcal rescue team himself.
e. He flew t Turkey and Syria t jin the rescue peratin.
f. He saw rescuers and vlunteers gather there frm acrss China t help.
A. b-c-f-d-e-aB. c-b-d-f-a-eC. b-c-d-f-e-aD. c-b-f-d-a-e
28. What’s the main idea f the passage?
A. Shwing ways f learning frm Lei Feng.
B. Giving advice abut learning frm Lei Feng.
C. Telling stries abut learning frm Lei Feng.
D. Expressing persnal pinins abut Lei Feng’s spirit.
【答案】26. B 27. A 28. C
【解析】本文主要讲述了学习雷锋的故事。
26.细节理解题。根据“28-year-ld hydrpwer statin(水电站) wrker Gan Yu and his clleague chse t remain at their psts, saving villages frm being flded. ”以及“After a terrible earthquake in Turkey and Syria this year, he flew there t jin the rescue peratin. In six days, his team helped save nine survivrs.”可知他们两个人都有帮助别人的善意。故选B。
27.细节理解题。根据“I grew up listening t Lei Feng’s stries”可知他是听雷锋的故事长大的排在第一位；根据“In 2013, when an earthquake happened in Lushan cunty, he was studying in a middle schl.”可知芦山县发生了地震排在第二位；根据“Zeng remembered seeing rescuers and vlunteers gather there frm acrss China t help. When he grew up, he became a vlunteer in a lcal rescue team himself.”可知他看到来自中国各地的救援人员和志愿者聚集在那里提供帮助排在第三位，他自己也成为了当地救援队的志愿者排在第四位，结合选项，故选A。
28.主旨大意题。根据“It is mre than sixty years since the death f Lei Feng, a yung sldier wh shwed the spirit f self-sacrifice, and yet the ‘Lei Feng spirit’ is still alive, inspiring new generatins f Chinese peple.”以及文章中两个人的故事可知，本文主要讲述了学习雷锋的故事。故选C。
考向三、说明文
Passage 1
（2023-24·江苏常州期末）
Hw are mvies made? There are many steps t fllw when making a mvie.
A mvie is based n a stry called a script. Sme scripts are taken frm bks which are ften already ppular. A persn wh writes a mvie script is called a screenwriter. Screenwriters write screenplays that nt nly have a stry, but als tell abut each mvie scene. Screenwriters must write and draw pictures. Their pictures shw what the scenes will lk like in the mvie. It des nt matter if screenwriters are nt gd artists. They can write ntes beside each picture. These give mre infrmatin abut each scene. Smetimes writers hire artists t draw fr them.
The screenwriter sends the screenplay ut t mvie cmpanies when it is finished. These cmpanies receive hundreds f screenplays every day. S it is very difficult fr the screenwriter t get the cmpanies t like his stry! If ne cmpany likes it, it will buy and film it!
T make a mvie, there needs t be peple t act in it. Casting actrs can be a lt f fun! This is when the talent agency (经纪公司) matches real peple t the film’s characters. Actrs try ut fr a part in a mvie. Only the best are chsen.
There als needs t be smene t film, r sht the mvie. This is the jb f the directr. Directrs must use the best wrds and images fr each scene.
The directr makes the plan fr shting the mvie. In fact, mvies are nt always sht in rder. Smetimes the end scenes are sht first. This is ften because different places can be used fr each scene. Sme places are nt always pen r able t be used. The directr tells the crew when and where they will sht the scenes.
The mvie lcatin is imprtant, and chsing it can be tricky. Smetimes it takes a lng time t find the right place. Mvie lcatins usually must be large enugh fr the crew t wrk there. That can make them very expensive t use.
A script is chsen, the actrs are hired, and the lcatin is set. The crew and directr are ready nw. It is time t sht the mvie!
44. Why des the passage begin with a questin?
A. T shw ff hw much the writer knws abut making films.
B. T catch readers’ attentin t the tpic f film making.
C. T shw respect fr the effrts film prducers made.
D. T cllect answers t the questin fr the passage.
45. What des paragraph 2 mainly talk abut?
A. Sme new films based n famus bks.
B. Sme imprtant influences n screenplays.
C. Sme chices a mvie cmpany will make.
D. Sme interesting things abut screenwriters’ jb.
46. What can we infer (推断) frm this passage?
A. Many peple are needed t wrk hard tgether t make a gd mvie.
B. Many sunds are mixed by cmputer in the lcatin while shting films.
C. Actrs can chse his favurite rle in the mvie when trying ut fr it.
D. Smetimes the end scenes are sht first because sme actrs are absent.
【答案】44. B 45. D 46. A
【解析】本文主要介绍了制作电影需要的一些步骤。
44.推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，通过“Hw are mvies made?电影如何制作？”这个提问，引出下文制作电影的步骤，所以说文章开头以问题为例，是为了吸引读者对电影制作话题的关注。故选B。
45.段落大意题。根据“A persn wh writes a mvie script is called a screenwriter. Screenwriters write screenplays that nt nly have a stry, but als tell abut each mvie must write and draw pictures. Their pictures shw what the scenes will lk like in the mvie.”可知，第二段主要讲了关于编剧工作的一些有趣的事情。故选D。
46.推理判断题。根据最后一段“A script is chsen, the actrs are hired, and the lcatin is set. The crew and directr are ready nw. It is time t sht the mvie!”可知，一部电影需要选择剧本、聘请演员、确定地点、剧组和导演准备好，才能开拍电影。也就是说，拍一部好电影需要很多人的共同努力。故选A。
Passage 2
（2023-24年·武汉期末）
With Alipay and WeChat, cashless (无 现 金 的) payments are nthing new. Nw, China is ging further by encuraging mre peple t use digital (数字的) yuan r e-CNY, a digital currency (货币).
Jiangsu prvince will encurage the use f e-CNY in its educatin system, accrding t a recent plan by the Jiangsu Educatin Department. By December f this year students in Jiangsu will prbably pay tuitin fees (学费), exam fees and receive schlarships (奖学金) in e-CNY. T use e-CNY, peple just need t dwnlad (下载) the e-CNY app and pen an accunt (账户).
“The functins (功能) f e-CNY are exactly the same as thse f the paper currency, except that the frmer is digital,” Mu Changchun, directr f the Peple’s Bank f China’s Digital Currency Research Institute, tld China Daily.
But e-CNY is much safer cmpared t Alipay and WeChat payment. E-cmmerce (电子商务) platfrms that accept payments by e-CNY will nt have access t users’ persnal infrmatin. “Users’ privacy prtectin with e-CNY is at the highest level amng all existing payment tls,” said Mu.
In additin, “the use f e-CNY can reduce transactin (交易) csts fr smaller businesses,” said Zhu Mahua wh wrks at China Everbright Bank. At present, third-party payment platfrms such as Alipay and WeChat ask fr certain fees when mney is transferred (转账) thrugh them. E-CNY payment, hwever, can transfer mney directly frm buyers t sellers, which will greatly reduce transactin csts.
E-CNY has been trialed (试点) in 17 prvinces and cities, such as Suzhu, Shenzhen and Chengdu. China is still wrking t expand (扩大) its usage in mre areas.
41. At the very beginning f the passage, Alipay and WeChat are mentined t ________.
A. give examplesB. intrduce the backgrund
C. list numbersD. surprise the readers
42. What can the students d by e-CNY?
A. Get schlarships.B. Open an accunt.
C. Dwnlad the e-CNY app.D. Pay all fees.
43. What’s the advantage f digital yuan accrding t the passage?
A. The functins are mre than thse f Alipay and WeChat payment.
B. Digital yuan is much safer than any ther payment tl.
C. 17 prvinces will use digital yuan instead f Alipay and WeChat payment.
D. It will greatly prtect users’ persnal infrmatin by digital yuan.
44. What is mentined in paragraph 5?
A. The safety prtectin abut e-CNY.B. The disadvantages f e-CNY.
C. The transactin csts abut e-CNY.D. The ppularity f e-CNY.
45. The writer’s writing purpse is t ________.
A. create greater business pprtunitiesB. call n peple t use digital yuan
C. change the way all peple pay feesD. lead peple t prtect their privacy
【答案】41. B 42. A 43. D 44. C 45. B
【解析】本文主要介绍了数字人民币的特点和功能。
41.推理判断题。根据“With Alipay and WeChat, cashless (无 现 金 的) payments are nthing new. Nw, China is ging further by encuraging mre peple t use digital (数字的) yuan r e-CNY, a digital currency (货币).”可推知，提到支付宝和微信是为了介绍数字人民币的背景，故选B。
42.细节理解题。根据“By December f this year students in Jiangsu will prbably pay tuitin fees (学费), exam fees and receive schlarships (奖学金) in e-CNY.”可知，学生可以通过数字人民币收到奖学金，故选A。
43.细节理解题。根据“Users’ privacy prtectin with e-CNY is at the highest level amng all existing payment tls”可知，在现有的所有支付工具中，数字人民币对用户的隐私保护处于最高水平，故选D。
44.细节理解题。根据“the use f e-CNY can reduce transactin (交易) csts fr smaller businesses ... E-CNY payment, hwever, can transfer mney directly frm buyers t sellers, which will greatly reduce transactin csts.”可知，本段提到了数字人民币的交易成本，故选C。
45.推理判断题。根据“China is still wrking t expand (扩大) its usage in mre areas.”及全文内容可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是号召人们使用数字人民币，故选B。
Passage 3
（2023-24·广州天河统考）
We all knw that eating junk fd can make us fat. Hwever, a new study suggests that it can d mre than that－it can als make us lazy.
In the study, researchers divided 32 rats int tw grups. In the first experiment, the first grup was fed a diet f healthy fd such as crn and fish, while the secnd was given a diet rich in sugar and fat, namely “junk fd”.
Within three mnths, the rats in the secnd grup were already much fatter than thse n the healthy diet. And when researchers trained the rats t d simple tasks, they fund even mre differences between the tw grups ther than weight.
During the task—pushing a lever t receive a prize f sugar water—the rats n the junk fd diet were fund t be less willing t mve, and they tk lnger breaks between each push than the fit rats did.
“It is as if the rat is thinking ‘This is t much wrk’,” said the leader f the study.
Accrding t researchers, these differences suggest that junk fd changed the chemistry in the rats’ brains.
The experiments didn’t end there. After six mnths, researchers began the secnd experiment. The rats’ diets were changed, and the verweight rats were given a healthy diet fr nine days. Hwever, this didn’t help reduce their weight r imprve their ability t perfrm tasks. It means the effects f their junk fd diet lasted fr lng. “There’s n quick way t reduce the harm,” researchers said.
Fr a lng time, we’ve believed that peple becme fat because they are lazy. But this study has shwn that the ppsite is true as well. Being lazy and getting fat can g hand in hand.
S, if yu always feel tired, and nt willing t get up frm yur chair, it culd be that yu’ve been studying t hard. But yu shuld als pay attentin t yur diet.
37. What can be included in the diet fr the secnd grup?
A. B. C. D.
38. What did the first experiment shw?
A. Fit rats prefer healthy fd.B. Fat rats dn’t like sugar water.
C. Junk fd has harmful chemistry.D. Junk fd can make rats fat and lazy.
39. What can we learn frm the secnd experiment?
A. Fat rats shuld perfrm mre tasks.
B. Our diets have lng-term effects n us.
C. There is n quick way t change a diet.
D. It is n gd t change an unhealthy diet.
40. Ben is heavy and lies in the sfa all day. What advice wuld the writer give him?
A. He shuld get up and d sme exercise.
B. He shuld fcus mre n his study.
C. He shuld stay away frm junk fd.
D. He shuld have regular meals n time.
【答案】37. D 38. D 39. B 40. C
【解析】本文展示了一个研究结果：吃垃圾食品不仅会使人发胖，还会使人变懒。
37.推理判断题。根据第二段“ the secnd was given a diet rich in sugar and fat, namely ‘junk fd’.”可知，第二组的饮食包含高糖高油的垃圾食品。故选D。
38.细节理解题。根据第三段“Within three mnths, the rats in the secnd grup were already much fatter than thse n the healthy diet.”和第四段“ rats n the junk fd diet were fund t be less willing t mve, and they tk lnger breaks between each push than the fit rats did.”可知，这个实验结果显示，吃垃圾食品那组的小白鼠更胖更懒。故选D。
39.推理判断题。根据第七段“It means the effects f their junk fd diet lasted fr lng.”可知，饮食的影响会持续很久。故选B。
40.推理判断题。根据最后一段“S, if yu always feel tired, and nt willing t get up frm yur chair, it culd be that yu’ve been studying t hard. But yu shuld als pay attentin t yur diet.”可知，针对不爱动的人，作者建议要注意饮食。故选C。
Passage 4
（2023-24·广州天河统考）
Even after 10 p.m., a vide meeting between a grup f students is still ging strng. Fr these students, wh are devted t self-study, this virtual meeting is like a library. The virtual self-study rm (虚拟自习室) has becme a ppular silent space t wrk alngside ther students.
An eight-hur vide, psted in March, shws the self-study rms f many tp Chinese universities. These rms have becme a warm place fr peple wh enjy a gd learning atmsphere.
“At first, I was just lking fr a partner t prepare fr the IELTS exam tgether. I never expected it t be s ppular,” said Yue Yetu, wh started an nline steam. “It amazed me that ver 150 peple were nline at the same time. The participants included teenagers and adults, mst f whm were preparing fr their examinatins. Greatly mtivated, Yue has passed her exam but she still keeps the virtual self-study rm running.
“They dn’t have t turn n the cameras in the rm. Hwever, many f them wuld prefer t fire up the webcam because it reminds them nt t be distracted.” Yue said.
Yue als set up a chat grup, where dzens f members shared their learning prcess and ups and dwns in life. “I received a lt f supprt frm it, and I was deeply mved,” said Chen Yihan, a participant. T Yue, her virtual self-study rm has far-reaching meaning. On a winter day, a pair f siblings (姐妹) shwed up in her rm, wearing fingerless glves and reading in the lw light. Seeing that, she decided t keep the rm running fr 24 hurs. She said they made her realize the meaning f creating such an nline space.
37. What is the virtual self-study rm like fr the students wh are devted t self-study?
A. It is a place where they can scialize with friends.
B. It is a library where they can find resurces and study quietly.
C. It is a platfrm where they can watch vides and take nline curses.
D. It is an nline marketplace where they can buy and sell study materials.
38. Why did Yue Yetu start an nline study stream?
A. T find a partner t prepare fr the IELTS exam tgether.
B. T create a platfrm fr peple t share their learning prcess.
C. T prvide a space fr peple t discuss their ups and dwns in life.
D. T encurage peple t turn n their cameras during the virtual meetings.
39. Why d many participants prefer t turn n their webcams during the virtual meetings?
A. T shw ff their appearance and impress thers.
B. T have face-t-face cnversatins with ther participants.
C. T remind themselves nt l be distracted while studying.
D. T share their learning prgress with thers thrugh vide recrdings.
40. What did Yue realize after seeing the siblings reading in the lw light in her virtual self-study rm?
A. She realized that the virtual self-study rm shuld be pen 24 hurs a day.
B. She realized that she needed t imprve the lighting in her wn study rm.
C. She realized that she shuld start ffering ne-n-ne tutring sessins in the virtual self-study rm.
D. She realized the imprtance f creating such an nline space fr peple t learn tgether.
【答案】37. B 38. A 39. C 40. D
【解析】本文介绍虚拟自习室的流行及它存在的意义。
37.细节理解题。根据“”Fr these students, wh are devted t self-study, this virtual meeting is like a library. The virtual self-study rm (虚拟自习室) has becme a ppular silent space t wrk alngside ther students.可知，虚拟自习室就像一个图书馆，供人在那里安静地学习。故选B。
38.细节理解题。根据“At first, I was just lking fr a partner t prepare fr the IELTS exam tgether. I never expected it t be s ppular,”可知，最初只是找到搭档一起学习备考。故选A。
39.细节理解题。根据“Hwever, many f them wuld prefer t fire up the webcam because it reminds them nt t be distracted”提醒不要分心。故选C。
40细节理解题。根据“On a winter day, a pair f siblings (姐妹) shwed up in her rm, wearing fingerless glves and reading in the lw light. Seeing that, she decided t keep the rm running fr 24 hurs. She said they made her realize the meaning f creating such an nline space.”可知意识到了做件事的意义。故选D。
Passage 5
（2023-24·江苏泰州期末考）
Hw lng whales live in fresh water has becme a matter f sme discussin with several visits f whales t fresh water. The interest in this matter first became httest in 1985 when Humphrey the humpback whale (座头鲸) managed several weeks in the fresh water f the Sacrament River befre finally returning t the Pacific Ocean. The matter happened again in May f 2007, when a mther whale and her baby whale entered the Sacrament River.
In general, sme experts say that it is uncmmn t see whales in fresh water fr mre than a few weeks because mst whales are built fr salt water envirnments. Scientists are nt exactly sure hw lng whales can live in fresh water. In fresh water, they can’t get their regular fd. Besides, small cuts, fr example, are easily cured in salt water. Fresh water envirnments d nt prvide materials which are gd fr cuts.
Fresh water envirnments are als nt natural fr a whale’s swimming and diving activities. Mst whales swim in water that is at least 20 feet (6.1 m) deep. Fresh water rivers may be nly a few feet deeper than the girth f a whale’s bdy. This makes them mre likely t be beached.
Many whales are migratry (迁徙的) animals by habit. Since they are nt used t the rute they are taking, whales can easily get lst. Bilgists are certain that few whales in fresh water will survive mre than a mnth. Thugh it may be interesting t see whales in fresh water, it’s a matter f cncern (担心) t whale lvers.
41. What makes the matter hw lng whales live in fresh water be discussed?
A. Humans want t find mre places fr whales.
B. Humans want t find fresh water in the cean.
C. Whales are facing dangers living in the sea.
D. Whales make several visits t fresh water.
42. What des the underlined wrd “girth” in the third paragraph prbably mean?
A. Health.B. Width.C. Warmth.D. Weight.
43. Which f the fllwing facts are the scientists sure f?
A. There isn’t plenty f fd in fresh water.
B. Whales can live in fresh water quite lng.
C. Whales can’t get small cuts easily in salt water.
D. Few whales in fresh water will survive t lng.
44. What wuld prbably be discussed in the next part?
A. The rute that the whales wuld knw.
B. The actins taken t keep whales in fresh water.
C. The ways t help whales return t their natural envirnments.
D. The research n hw lng whales will survive in fresh water.
45. This text is mst prbably frm the part f ________ in a newspaper.
A. TravelB. GegraphyC. ScienceD. Envirnment
【答案】41. D 42. B 43. D 44. C 45. C
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要就近来鲸鱼频频出现在淡水区域这一问题介绍了鲸鱼不适合在淡水中长期生活的原因及担忧，尽管在淡水区域看到鲸鱼是一件有趣的事情，但是这不利于鲸鱼的生存。
41.细节理解题。根据第一段“Hw lng whales live in fresh water has becme a matter f sme discussin with several visits f whales t fresh water.”可知，鲸鱼多次造访淡水水域才导致鲸鱼在淡水中生活多久的问题被讨论。故选D。
42.词义猜测题。根据下文“This makes them mre likely t be beached.”可知，鲸鱼容易在淡水中搁浅，说明淡水区域的水不深，这应该是与鲸鱼的腰围的宽度相比，据此可以推断girth与width“宽度”意思相近。故选B。
43.细节理解题。根据最后一段“Bilgists are certain that few whales in fresh water will survive mre than a mnth.”可知，生物学家确信淡水中很少有鲸鱼能存活超过一个月。故选D。
44.推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thugh it may be interesting t see whales in fresh water, it’s a matter f cncern t whale lvers.”可知，此处提到了鲸鱼造访淡水水域这一现象引起了鲸鱼爱好者的担忧，所以接下来应该会谈论人们如何帮助鲸鱼返回居住地。故选C。
45.推理判断题。因为鲸鱼频频造访淡水水域，引发了人们对鲸鱼能够在淡水区域生存多长时间这一问题进行了讨论，科学家们对这一问题没有定论。但是淡水水域不利于鲸鱼的生存，研究人员给出了原因；据此可以推断，本文很有可能源自报纸的科学版块。故选C。
Passage 5
（摘自时文精读）
When we think f persnal cmputers (PCs), we ften imagine bulky (笨重的) mnitrs and large screens. As the PC industry faces difficulties, it lks t AI t be its saving grace. What might this “partnership” hld in stre?
Since the birth f the first electrnic cmputer in 1946, the persnal cmputer has been widely used all ver the wrld. Hwever, imprved technlgy and a lnger cmputer lifespan (使用寿命) have reduced peple’s need t get new cmputers as frequently. At the same time, it is mre difficult t innvate in such a stable and fixed manufacturing industry(制造业). This has led t abut tw years f reduced glbal shipments f cmputers, reprted Science and Technlgy Daily.
But Micrsft’s recent mve has stirred things up. It intrduced a new AI Cpilt t Windws 11 PCs at the beginning f 2024, which was seen as a measure t reinvigrate the industry by bringing the pwer f AI int the equatin.
As f Jan 15, Cpilt had already reached a “milestne ” with mre than 5 billin chats and mre than 5 billin images, accrding t Micrsft. It is already capable f perfrming many functins. Whether yu need help t make a summary f a web page, send an email t yur teacher, change yur settings t dark mde, enable Bluetth, r cnnect a new pair f headphnes, Windws’ Cpilt can assist yu.
Apart frm serving as a husekeeper fr yur PC, the new system als has an artistic side. Windw’s cllabratin (合作) with Sun, a leading AI music creatin cmpany, allws peple t easily create unique and beautiful sngs regardless f their musical ability by giving rders like: “Create a pp sng abut a family adventure”.
S nw, the race is n. Chip cmpanies such as NVIDIA and Intel are cmpeting t release a series f new prducts designed fr AI PCs, and Lenv Grup has als launched ver 10 new AI PC prducts, reprted China Ecnmic Net.
Hwever, AI PCs’ capabilities (功能) are still quite basic and far frm accurately (精确地) meeting peple’s persnalized (个性化的) AI assistant needs. The extent t which AI-integrated PCs can deliver intelligent experiences and the level f user acceptance are still subject t (取决于) market testing.
1. What is leading t fewer peple buying new cmputers, accrding t the text?
A. Reduced interest in PCs.
B. Extended cmputer lifespan.
C. Rising shipment fees.
D. Rapid innvatins in manufacturing.
2. What des the underlined wrd “reinvigrate” in paragraph 3 mst prbably mean?
A. Revive. B. Intrduce. C. Weaken. D. Understand.
3. Hw des the partnership between AI Cpilt and Sun benefit users?
A. It helps them read web pages.
B. It imprves their musical abilities.
C. It enables them t create unique sngs.
D. It allws them t dwnlad ppular sngs.
4. What is the current state f AI PC’s capabilities, accrding t the last paragraph?
A. Mre advanced than ther types f AI.
B. Fully meeting peple’s needs.
C. Highly advanced and persnalized.
D. Still under develpment and requiring testing.
【答案】
【解析】本文探讨了个人电脑(PC)行业面临的挑战和AI技术潜在的振兴作用。随着电脑使用寿命增长和创新难度加大导致销量下降，微软推出AI Cpilt为行业注入活力。尽管AI功能仍在完善，但展现了电脑与AI合作的未来潜力。
1.B. 文中提到了由于技术的改进和电脑使用寿命的延长，这减少了人们频繁更换新电脑的需求，导致全球电脑出货量的下降。
2.A. 文章中画线的单词“reinvigrate”出现在第三段，接近“revive（复兴，振兴）”这个意思，这是根据它所在句子的上下文推断出来的。句子讲述微软通过将AI Cpilt引入到Windws 11电脑中，作为一个措施来使整个行业复兴。
3.C.文章提到AI Cpilt和Sun的合作让人们能够通过简单的命令，如“创造一首关于家庭冒险的流行歌曲”，来轻松创造独特和美丽的歌曲，即使他们不具备音乐能力。
4.D. 最后一段中提到AI电脑目前的功能还相当基础，远远不能精确满足人们个性化的AI助手需求。它们能否提供智能体验的程度以及用户接受程度还取决于市场测试，这说明AI电脑的功能仍处于开发阶段并需要经过测试。
Passage 6
（摘自时文精读）
The first case (版权案件) abut AI-created (人工智能生成的) images in China had its first result frm the Beijing Internet Curt (北京互联网法院).
A man surnamed (姓) Li is a Chinese scial media Xiahngshu accunt (账户) wner. He used the sftware Stable Diffusin in February t make a picture. And then, he psted the picture n Xiahngshu.
Hwever, a lady surnamed Liu used the picture in March and cut ff the Xiahngshu watermark (水印) in her pst in Baijiaha, a blg-style platfrm under Baidu.
The curt fund that this was an act f infringement (侵权) and said the lady must make a public aplgy and pay 500 yuan t Li.
The curt decided that the AI-generated picture had “riginality (独创性)” and that such pictures shuld be knwn as wrks and prtected by law (法律). The curt said that Li made the setting f the AI mdel based n his needs. The image was prduced based n his ideas and shwed his wn expressin. S, Li is the creatr f the image and wns its cpyright.
This case is nt the nly ne raising discussin. Anther recent case is abut ChatGPT.
In the case f ChatGPT, the mdel is trained n a huge amunt f text frm many surces, s it culd be argued that the creatrs f the surce material shuld have sme claim (所有权) t the f the generated cntent (内容).
Hwever, it culd als be argued that the creatrs f the mdel, OpenAI, shuld have the because they created the prgram and wrte the cde (代码) that generates the cntent.
The law is still nt clear n the issues arund AI-generated wrks like this. Decisins n such issues are expected t change rapidly ver the next several years.
1.What was the cnsequence fr Li as a result f the curt’s decisin?
A. He was rdered t pay 500 yuan t Liu.
B. He was recgnized as the wner f the image he created.
C. He had t publicly aplgize t Liu.
D. He was required t stp using the Stable Diffusin sftware.
2.What was the main reasn behind the curt’s decisin t supprt Li in the case ?
A. Liu used the sftware Stable Diffusin t generate her wn image.
B. Li had nt previusly registered the cpyright fr the image.
C. The curt fund riginality in the AI-generated image created by Li.
D. The watermark was remved frm the image by Liu.
3.What did the curt rule the lady named Liu t d fr her infringement actin?
A. Delete the image frm Baijiaha.
B. Create her wn AI-generated picture.
C. Make a public aplgy and pay Li 500 yuan.
D. Give the AI sftware credits fr the image.
4.What is the main legal prblem related t the ChatGPT case?
A. The images created by ChatGPT are nt cnsidered riginal.
B. It is unclear wh hlds the fr the cntent generated by ChatGPT.
C. OpenAI has already been assigned the cpyright fr ChatGPT’s utputs.
D. All text generated by ChatGPT is pen surce.
5.Accrding t the text, what are the future expectatins fr legal disputes ver the f cntent created by AI?
A. The law will becme stricter n AI-created cntent.
B . All AI-created cntent will be freely accessible withut cncerns.
C. OpenAI will be granted autmatic cpyright fr all AI-generated cntent.
D. Decisins n these issues will likely change frequently in the near future.
【答案】BCCBD
【解析】中国互联网法院首个AI版权案：李某用Stable Diffusin制图后遭刘某侵权，法院判决图片有独创性，李某享有版权。
1. B由于法院的决定，李先生被确认为他所创作的图片的者。
2. 因为法院认定李先生生成的人工智能图片具有“独创性”，并且该图片应被视为作品受版权法保护，所以他是图片的创作者，拥有其版权。故答案选C
3. 法院裁定刘女士因侵权行为必须公开道歉并向李先生支付500元。
4. B ChatGPT案例呈现的法律问题是关于人工智能生成内容的版权归属尚不明确。
5.根据文本，建议对人工智能生成内容版权的法律争议的未来预期是，在短期内这些问题上的决定可能会频繁变化。
Passage 7
（摘自时文精读）
The AI Safety Summit (人工智能安全峰会) tk place in the UK frm Nv 1 t 2. Peple frm different cuntries, AI-related (AI相关的) cmpanies and rganizatins attended this event.
A paper called the Bletchley Declaratin (《布莱奇利宣言》) n AI safety was signed by 28 cuntries including China, the US and the UK, and the Eurpean Unin during the event. The paper highlighted (强调) shared wrries abut AI risks and safety. Fr example, AI systems might make unfair chices. AI sftware used in hiring peple might nt treat everyne fairly. Peple wrry that AI sftware might use peple’s gender (性别) and backgrund in bad ways.
China’s Vice-Minister (副部长) f Science and Technlgy, Wu Zhahui, mentined glbal actin n AI gvernance (治理) that China brught up earlier during the third Belt and Rad Frum fr Internatinal Cperatin (第三届“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛 ) in Beijing. Wu als talked abut the imprtance f fcusing n peple, being respnsible and making sure there are mutual benefits (互惠互利) in AI develpment. He called fr the Glbal Suth t have mre say in the gvernance f AI.
Befre the summit, the UK gvernment made sme funding plans (拨款计划). They hpe t prvide training t make sure that wrkers are ready fr the future with AI. Wrkers need t learn hw t use AI tls. Fr example, peple in custmer service jbs are being taught t use AI chatbts (聊天机器人) t deal with cmmn custmer questins. This way, peple can d mre imprtant tasks while chatbts d simpler nes.
Als, US President Je Biden issued (颁布) a new rder n artificial intelligence n Oct 30. This is the first actin f its kind by the US gvernment. The rder includes creating new safety standards fr AI, prtecting cnsumer privacy (隐私), and speeding up jb creatin fr wrkers skilled in the field.
1.What is the main bjective f the Bletchley Declaratin signed during the AI Safety Summit?
A. T prmte glbal cllabratin n AI develpment.
B. T express cncerns abut AI risks and safety.
C. T establish new regulatins fr AI usage.
D. T encurage the use f AI in hiring practices.
2. What d we knw abut the glbal actin Wu Zhahui mentined?
A. AI safety needs the jined effrts f cuntries.
B. China did well in AI gvernance.
C. Cuntries in the Glbal Suth are strng in AI technlgy.
D. Cuntries can take advantage f AI gvernance.
3. The funding plans were made t _____.
A. develp AI technlgy B. train peple t use AI
C. replace human wrkers with AI rbts D. remind peple f AI risks
4. The last paragraph is written t _____.
A. cmpare the US’ actins with the UK’s
B. present the US’ effrts in AI gvernance
C. intrduce new safety standards fr AI
D. pay attentin t the AI safety wrkers
5. What is the main idea f this article?
A. Discussing the future prspects f AI technlgy
B. Analyzing the hsting and attitudes f the glbal AI safety summit
C. Emphasizing internatinal cperatin and gvernance issues in the AI field
D. Discussing the impact f AI n the current and future wrkfrce
【答案】BABBC
【解析】这篇文章主要介绍了在英国举行的人工智能安全峰会，以及28个国家签署的关于AI安全的《布莱奇利宣言》。同时，中国科技副部长吴兆晖提出了AI全球治理的见解，英国政府和美国总统也分别提出了AI方面的培训和政策措施。
1. B。AI安全峰会上签署的Bletchley宣言主要关注AI风险和安全的共享问题。包括AI决策可能存在的不公，和可能对个人数据（如性别和背景）的潜在滥用。
2. A。文中暗示，科技部副部长吴兆晖呼吁进行AI治理的全球行动，并强调了国际合作的重要性。他还坚持认为，AI治理应重视全球南方的声音，这表明AI安全需要各个国家共同努力。
3. B。英国政府的筹款计划基本上是为了为工人提供使用AI工具的培训，使他们能够有效地为AI的未来做好准备。
4. B。最后一段明确报告了美国政府（由总统乔·拜登颁布）在AI上的行动，包括为AI创建新的安全标准，保护消费者隐私，和加快在该领域的就业创造。这清楚地展示了美国在AI治理上的努力。
5. C。文章主要围绕国际合作，AI风险和安全，AI治理和与AI相关的培训相关的主题展开。文章中突出了一些与这些主题有关的重要活动，例如AI安全峰会，签署Bletchley宣言，中国科技部副部长的陈述，英国政府的筹款计划，以及美国总统对AI的命令。
Passage 8
（摘自时文精读）
The Yellw River is knwn as the mther river f the Chinese peple. Hwever, fld (洪水) cntrl and disaster frecasts (灾害预报) f the river have always been challenging fr peple. Nw, scientists can better wrk n these issues by giving the river a digital twin.
The digital twin f the Yellw River uses different kinds f technlgies, including big data, artificial intelligence, and the internet f things. Devices (设备) are set up alng the river and cllect and transmit(传送) infrmatin t the center. Based n the infrmatin, a 3D mdel f the river is shwed n the cmputer screen. It’s like the Yellw River has a twin that reflects its real cnditins.
One big thing in the digital gvernance (治理) f the river is “smart stnes”. Accrding t Wang Qin, a lead researcher at the Infrmatin Center f Yellw River Henan Bureau, a smart stne is a detectr with chips, a battery, and a signal transmitter in it. They are put in imprtant dike (堤坝) lcatins t recrd and reprt the mvement f dike stnes. “On feeling mvement f the dike stnes, the smart stne sends an alarm t the center fr quick respnse,” Wang said.
“In the past, researchers had t learn the cnditins f the dike n the spt by themselves, putting their lives at risk,” said Zha Xiaxing frm the bureau. “Nw the smart stnes can d this fr us, mre safely, quickly, and accurately (精确地).”
In the sky, there are flying drnes. These drnes are designed by engineers t lk at the river ,its dikes and fld preventin prjects. Shen Lin, frm the Yellw River Cnservancy Cmmissin, explains that the drnes prvide researchers at the cmmand center with phts and infrmatin. The researchers use this infrmatin t update a 3D mdel, which helps them test fldwater release plans in case f emergencies.
Under the water and up in the sky, intelligent systems are helping t prtect the Yellw River Basin n all frnts. Accrding t the Ministry f Water Resurces, in the future, we can expect t see the cnstructin f an even mre cmprehensive digital system fr this imprtant river.
1. What is the main purpse f creating a digital twin f the Yellw River?
A. T cnduct histrical research.
B. T raise public awareness f river prtectin.
C. T imprve fld cntrl and preventin effrts.
D. T create a virtual turist attractin.
2.What technlgies are used fr the creatin f the digital twin f the Yellw River?
A. Slar energy, hydrpwer, and mechanical devices
B. Big data, artificial intelligence, and the internet f things
C. GPS, satellites, and radar technlgy
D. Nuclear pwer, wind energy, and hydrelectric pwer
3.What is the functin f“smart stnes” in this system?
A. They act as detectrs t mnitr and reprt the mvement f dike stnes
B. They are used t build the dikes alng the river
C. They are decrative elements alng the river banks
D. They help t filter the river water and keep it clean
4.Hw d drnes cntribute t the digital gvernance f the Yellw River?
A. They are used fr entertainment purpses
B. They cllect phts and infrmatin fr researchers t update a 3D mdel f the river
C. They are used t transprt gds acrss the river
D. They are designed t save peple wh fall int the river
5. What is the main idea f this text?
A. The Yellw River is the rigin f Chinese civilizatin.
B. The Yellw River’s flding and disaster frecasts have always been challenging.
C. The digital twin f the Yellw River imprves data cllectin and assists in fld cntrl.
D. The future f the Yellw River’s prtectin lies slely in technlgical advancements.
【答案】CBABC
【解析】本文介绍科学家通过建立黄河的数字化"双胞胎"，使用大数据，AI和物联网等技术，改善了洪水控制和灾害预测。
1.C 文章中提到，通过创建黄河的数字化"双胞胎"，科学家可以更好地对这些问题进行研究，明显地，这些问题指的是洪水控制和防灾预报。故答案选C
2. B. 文章中明确提到黄河的数字化双胞胎使用了包括大数据、人工智能和物联网在内的多种技术。故答案选B
3. A.文中提到，“智能石头”是一种内置有芯片、电池和信号发射器的探测器，它们被放置在重要的堤坝地点，以记录和报告堤坝石头的移动。故答案选A
4. B. 文中提到，这些无人机给指挥中心的研究员提供照片和信息。研究员利用这些信息更新3D模型。故答案选B
5. C文中详细描述了黄河数字双胞胎的各个分支功能。不论是监测堤坝石头移动的“智能石头”，还是通过提供照片和信息更新3D模型的无人机，在改进数据收集和优化洪水控制方面都发挥了积极作用。因此，黄河的数字双胞胎在洪水控制上的协助成为文章的主题。故答案选C
Passage 9
（2023·武汉）
When the famus scientist Albert Einstein was 16 years ld, he imagined himself riding alngside a beam (束) f light. He used this picture in mind t help him when wrking ut the “thery f relativity(相对论)”. “Imaginatin is mre imprtant than knwledge,” said Einstein.
Daydreaming, called “thught experiments” by Einstein, can make yu have wild imaginings, like flying arund in space. It lets yur mind walk slwly arund ideas, memries and experiences that aren’t happening right nw. It means thinking ahead t a hliday r remembering hw much yu enjyed a birthday party. Accrding t China’s health authrities(权威机构), daydreaming fr a while each day can imprve yur health and creativity.
Disappearing int a daydream lets yur mind escape when things are difficult. It helps yu deal with wrries and fears. Fr example, imagining hw yu’re ging t speak up in class is like practicing the scene in yur head, which can make yu feel calmer. Daydreaming als inspires creativity and lets yu find new wrlds where there are n limits (限制) t what yu can d r wh yu are. Gu Qiang, an expert in thughts and feelings, thinks we shuld all make time t daydream. “Thinking fr pleasure can be a pwerful tl t shape ur feelings,” he said.
Hwever, try nt t let yur mind be absent when yu need t fcus (聚焦) in class r crss the rad. Instead, find a time when yu dn’t have t fcus n anything, like ging fr a walk r brushing yur teeth. Gu suggests yu can start by fcusing n a happy memry r imagining a future success, like scring a gal in the Wrld Cup.
T encurage creativity, think abut interesting ideas and see where yur mind takes yu. Research shws that peple ften cme up with mre slutins t prblems after they’ve taken a break. S next time yu’re stuck with hmewrk, stp fr a mment and see where yur daydreams take yu.
41. Which writing skill is used in paragraph 1?
A. Giving an example.B. Raising a questin.C. Listing numbers.D. Cmparing facts.
42. Daydreaming can make peple _________.
A. fly arundB. walk slwlyC. think freelyD. be absent-minded
43. Gu Qiang first suggests _________.
A. escaping frm the hard timeB. lking fr new wrlds
C. finding time t imagineD. fcusing n success
44. What is mentined in paragraph 4?
A. The steps t daydream. B. The things t daydream f.
C. The reasns fr daydreaming. D. The meanings f daydreaming.
45. Daydreaming is talked abut _________.
A. t remind peple t have a mind break B. t suggest living at the mment
C. t find slutins t hmewrk prblems D. t shw a science research result
【答案】41. A 42. C 43. C 44. B 45. A
【解析】本文主要介绍了白日梦的好处，并提醒人们要让大脑休息一下。
41.推理判断题。根据“When the famus scientist Albert Einstein was 16 years ld...”可知开头通过爱因斯坦的例子引出了本文的话题。故选A。
42.细节理解题。根据“can make yu have wild imaginings, like flying arund in space”可知白日梦可以让你产生天马行空的想象，自由地思考。故选C。
43.细节理解题。根据“thinks we shuld all make time t daydream”可知他建议要找点时间去做白日梦。故选C。
44.细节理解题。根据“Gu suggests yu can start by fcusing n a happy memry r imagining a future success, like scring a gal in the Wrld Cup”可知此处提到了可以白日做梦的事情。故选B。
45.主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了白日梦的好处，并提醒人们要让大脑休息一下。故选A。
Passage 10
（2023·湖北襄樊）
When September cmes, the new term begins. Parents are all excited because their kids are ging back t schl. There’s nthing better than this. Lking back at the nline-class perid, what wke up the parents every mrning was nt their alarms, but their kids’ cming nline classes. Cking meals, signing-in(登陆) learning apps and handing in hmewrk pictures were daily activities fr parents t get everything ready fr kids. At the same time, the parents had t pay full attentin t their kids because there’s n difference between giving a kid an electrnic prduct and ▲ .
What a cincidence! In ancient times, the new term started arund White Dew(白露) in September, t. Peple used t have “fur big ceremnies in life” which included the ceremny f “starting schl, becming an adult , getting married and burial”. The ceremny f starting schl was a big thing. It shwed everyne’s best wishes fr a kid.
Nt every kid culd g t schl. Mst f them had t wrk. But if yu were a by, yur father culd send yu t schl. Luckily, beginning in the Han Dynasty, the schl fees(费用) were paid by the emperr. Bys studied very hard. They went t schl every day, with n weekends, frm abut 6: 00 a. m. t abut 4:00 p. m. The schl prepared them fr the gvernment tests, and whever scred high in the tests culd get a gd jb. There weren’t any math r science lessns. The students learned hw t read, write, and paint pictures.
Educatin has played an imprtant rle in the develpment f China’s sciety. Nwadays, China has prvided nine year free educatin fr each child, and all the kids have a fair chance t enter schl.
27. Accrding t Paragraph 1, parents prbably felt ________ during the nline-class perid.
A. happyB. tiredC. relaxedD. excited
28. Which f the fllwing stries can be the best chice fr “ ▲ ”?
A. helping Yu Gng mve the muntains
B. giving Sima Guang a stne t break the vat(缸)
C. asking Kng Rng t give away the bigger pears
D. sending the Mnkey King t guard the Peach Garden(蟠桃园)
29. What des the underlined wrd “cincidence” mean in Paragraph 2?
A. 精彩B. 特殊C. 差异D. 巧合
30. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. All the kids went t schl in ancient China.
B. Kids needed t learn all the subjects in ancient times.
C. Educatin is taken seriusly frm ancient China till nw.
D. Ancient peple had a ceremny f starting schl fr girls.
【答案】27. B 28. D 29. D 30. C
【解析】本文主要介绍了中国现代和古代开学都在九月，而且教育历来备受重视。
27.推理判断题。根据“Parents are all excited because their kids are ging back t schl. There’s nthing better than this. Lking back at the nline-class perid, what wke up the parents every mrning was nt their alarms, but their kids’ cming nline classes”（父母们都很兴奋，因为他们的孩子要回学校了。没有比这更好的了。回顾网课时期，每天早上叫醒父母的不是他们的闹钟，而是他们孩子即将到来的网课）可推知家长们在孩子网课期间很累，故选B。
28.推理判断题。根据“At the same time, the parents had t pay full attentin t their kids because there’s n difference between giving a kid an electrnic prduct and ”可知在网课期间父母必须充分关注他们的孩子，因为孩子手握电子产品，一不注意就会玩电子产品。所以D选项“派美猴王去看守蟠桃园”符合，因为美猴王看守蟠桃园一定会偷吃桃子。故选D。
29.词义猜测题。根据第一段“When September cmes, the new term begins.”可知现代学生开学时间是在九月，而古代学生的开学也是从九月的白露开始，所以这很巧，可推测cincidence意为“巧合”。故选D。
30.细节理解题。根据“Educatin has played an imprtant rle in the develpment f China’s sciety. Nwadays, China has prvided nine year free educatin fr each child, and all the kids have a fair chance t enter schl.”和“The ceremny f starting schl was a big thing. It shwed everyne’s best wishes fr a kid.”可知从古代中国到现在，教育一直受到重视。故选C。
考向四 议论文
Passage 1
（摘自时文精读）
Many f us like t watch and pst shrt vides. But can we share whatever we like, even with the wrng infrmatin?
A blgger (博主) said srry fr ne vide she psted n Feb 16. In the vide, she said that she had fund a student’s hliday wrkbk and said the student’s name was Qin Lang. Many internet users checked the student’s name, grade, and schl. They fund ut the vide might nt be real. In a new vide, the blgger claimed (声称) that she had given the wrng infrmatin t prtect the student’s privacy (隐私).
Sme peple might think it’s nt a big deal if yu make a vide with the wrng infrmatin. They believe that saying srry will fix everything. But it’s nt that simple. Accrding t the Law n Penalties fr Administratin f Public Security (《治安管理处罚法》), if the vides dn’t care abut the truth and disturb (扰乱) public rder, their makers will get punished (惩罚).
It’s imprtant t be creative when peple make shrt vides. Hwever, it is nt OK t make up stries and break the law.
As early as 2000, the State Cuncil issued the Administrative Measures n Internet Infrmatin Services (《互联网信息服务管理办法》). It bans (禁止) spreading rumrs and disturbing the scial rder. If yu break the law, yu culd get in truble. Fr example, yu might get yur scial media accunt (账户) stpped, have t pay fines, get detained (拘留) r even g t jail (监狱).
Eleven nline celebrities in Liangshan Yi autnmus prefecture in Sichuan were arrested (逮捕) in 2023 fr selling fake prducts in vides. They gt sentences frm 8 mnths t 3 years and 2 mnths in jail.
1. Why des the writer use the blgger’s event in Paragraph 2?
A. Because she was punished by the plice.
B. Because she shared smene’s infrmatin.
C. Because she put wrng infrmatin in her vide.
D. Because she prtected a student’s privacy.
2. What des the wrd “rumrs” mean?
A. Persnal infrmatin.
B. Creative stries.
C. Online shrt vides.
D. Stries that may nt be real.
3.Accrding t the article, what can happen if smene spreads rumrs n the internet?
A. They will be frced t aplgize publicly n scial media.
B. They might face legal actins, such as fines r imprisnment.
C. They will be asked t take educatinal curses n prper internet use.
D. Their vide cntent will be labeled as fake news with a warning.
4. What nline activities break the law, accrding t the stry?
a. Writing stries.
b. Selling fake prducts.
c. Sharing ne’s prblems.
d. Fling viewers.
A. ab B. ac C. bc D. bd
5.What is the main idea f the article?
A. Making creative and entertaining shrt vides shuld always be encuraged.
B. Spreading false infrmatin in shrt vides can lead t serius legal cnsequences.
C. Shrt vide platfrms need t implement better security measures.
D. Blggers ften pst fake stries t gain mre attentin nline.
【答案】CDBDB
【解析】1.C. 作者在第二段中使用博主的事件，是因为她在视频中放了错误的信息。这个例子用来阐述传播错误信息可能产生的后果。虽然博主声称她散布错误信息是为了保护学生隐私，但文章关注点在于错误信息的传播，而不是其动机或被警方处罚。
2.D. “rumrs”（谣言）的意思是可能并不真实的故事。在第四段中，“rumrs”与扰乱社会秩序一并被提及，暗示谣言往往不是基于事实的故事。
3.B 据文章所述，如果有人在互联网上散布谣言，他们可能会面临法律行动，比如被罚款或者坐牢。在第四段描述了《互联网信息服务管理办法》中对散布谣言的规定和潜在的法律后果。
4.D. bd根据故事，违法的在线活动包括b. 销售假冒产品和d. 愚弄观众。文章中提到的博主因在视频中放入错误信息而向观众道歉，并且也提到了网络名人因在视频中销售假冒产品而被逮捕。这些都是违反法律的行为，而不是a.编写故事或c.分享个人问题。
5.B.文章的主旨是传播短视频中的错误信息可能导致严重的法律后果。全文通过提供实例（比如一位博主不小心传播错误信息并道歉的事件，以及十一位因售卖假冒产品而被逮捕的网络名人），阐释了虚假信息对公共秩序的扰乱，以及相关的法律规定和潜在后果。这表明虽然创意是重要的，但制作短视频时必须遵守法律规定，不可编造故事。
Passage 2
（摘自时文精读）
AI-generated cntent has recently wn big in the literary wrld. Japanese authr Rie Kudan (九段理江) wn ne f Japan’s mst famus literary awards, the Akutagawa Prize (芥川奖), with the help f ChatGPT in The Tky Twer f Sympathy (《东京都同情塔).
The bk is set in future Japan, where AI has becme an imprtant part f peple’s lives. The stry centers arund an architect wh creates a cmfrtable prisn but struggles with a sciety that she sees as being verly sympathetic (同情的) t criminals.
Kudan admitted at a news cnference that “arund 5 percent f the bk’s text was taken directly frm generative AI,” reprted Kyd News. She added that there is a scene in the bk where an AI chatbt answers the prtagnist’s questins and she used AI-generated text in the respnses given by AI in the stry. The wrd-fr-wrd cntent generated by AI was lauded (称赞) by cmmittee members as “practically flawless (完美的)”. This is nt the first time that AI-related wrks have wn prizes. In Octber 2023, The Land f Machine Memries (《机忆之地》) was awarded secnd prize at China’s fifth yuth ppular science and science fictin cmpetitin. The fictin was fully created by AI with the prmpts (提示) given by Shen Yang, a prfessr at Tsinghua University. Surprisingly, just ne judge amng the six f the cmpetitin realized that what they were reading was the prduct f a machine.
S will literature in the future be all abut AI? Debates are still nging n the matter. Japanese literary critic Akira Okawada tld Tyd News that “it is difficult fr AI t ... create wrk that addresses ethical themes in-depth”.
Hwever, Chinese writer Lu Ping hlds the ppsite view. “Imprvements in technlgy will nt cause human laziness in creating, but rather will nly make them invlved in mre heated cmpetitin. With the help f technlgy, the starting pint f human thinking will nly grw higher.”.
“I think this is nly the beginning fr AI in creating literature,” Fu Changyi, a member f the Jiangsu Ppular Science Writers Assciatin, added. “We will wait and see hw the future ges,”.
1.Hw did the cmmittee respnd t the AI-generated cntent in The Tky Twer f Sympathy?
A. They criticized it fr ethical cncerns.
B. They were cnfused by the AI’s writing style.
C. They praised it as “practically flawless.”
D. They disapprved f its use in literature.
2.What was a unique aspect f the fictin The Land f Machine Memries?
A. It was the first bk t win a prize using AI.
B. All judges realized it was created by an AI.
C. It was written entirely by an AI based n prmpts.
D. It criticized the veruse f AI in daily life.
3. Accrding t Akira Okawada, what is a challenge fr AI in literature?
A. AI-generated stries are t simplistic.
B. AI cannt deeply address ethical themes.
C. AI will vershadw human writers.
D. AI writing cannt be classified as literature.
4.What des Lu Ping suggest abut the rle f technlgy in literary creatin?
A. It will make humans lazy in creating.
B. It will reduce the cmpetitin amng writers.
C. It will lead t mre intense cmpetitin and higher thinking.
D. It will eventually take ver the literary wrld entirely.
5.What is the main idea f the article?
A. AI-generated cntent is being criticized in the literary wrld.
B. AI has started t play a significant rle in winning literary awards.
C. All future literature will slely be created by AI withut human input.
D. AI-generated cntent has been banned frm literary cmpetitins.
【答案】CCBCB
【解析】AI创作内容在文学界崭露头角，日本作家九段理江凭借ChatGPT协助完成的《东京都同情塔》，荣获芥川奖。故事设定在未来的日本，AI深入人类生活，叙述一位建筑师如何在同情罪犯的社会中挣扎。九段理江承认书中约5%的文本直接来自AI生成，引发文学界对AI与未来文学创作关系的广泛讨论。
1.C。委员会对《东京都同情塔》中AI生成的内容表示赞扬，称之为“几乎完美”。
2.C。独特之处在于该小说完全由AI创作，通过由清华大学教授沈阳给出的提示生成。
3. B。解析：日本文学评论家Akira Okawada认为AI在文学创作中的挑战是“AI很难……深度地讨论到伦理主题”。
4.C。解析：中国作家罗平认为，技术的提升不会导致人类在创作中变得懒惰，相反，只会让他们参与到更激烈的竞争中。有了技术的帮助，人类思考的起点只会变得更高。
5.B。解析：本文主要介绍了AI生成内容在文学界开始扮演重要角色，并在获得文学奖项方面发挥了显著作用。
Passage 3
（2023·广州）
Cmputer scientist Mary has an idea fr a new rbt t help her wrk with children. Hw shuld it lk? The rbt shuld have arms t be able t lift things. And if it is ging t cmmunicate with peple, it will als need a face. Scientists believe that giving a rbt a face can make it seem mre friendly. Humans wuld als like t pay mre attentin t rbts with faces. But what kind?
Fr Mary, she wants t make sure that her new rbt desn’t lk t much like a human. She wants peple t just treat it as a machine-persn. If it lks mre like a human than a machine, she thinks users might find it a bit creepy and feel afraid. Mary als believes that rbt faces dn’t need t lk a lt like urs. Her research shws that we can enjy cmmunicating with rbts whether r nt they lk like humans, because ur brains are able t lk fr faces. Just put tw circles n tp f a rbt’s bdy, and we will see a face.
Dave feels differently. He believes that althugh at first we might be afraid when seeing a rbt with a lifelike face, we may sn get used t it. If rbts are ging t wrk clsely with humans, they shuld lk as much like us as pssible. After all, faces are an imprtant part f the way we cmmunicate.
T make his rbts lk as much like real peple as pssible, Dave invented a special skin (皮肤) fr their faces. With this skin, rbts can shw human-like expressins and appear t be angry, sad, happy r surprised. Dave’s rbts are als prgrammed t cpy expressins. Hw? Just imagine his rbt is lking at yu. The cameras in its eyes send pictures f yur face t its central cmputer!
33. Why d scientists think a rbt needs a face?
A. It will becme mre beautiful.B. It can d better in lifting things.
C. It will pay mre attentin t children.D. It can better cmmunicate with peple.
34. What des the underlined wrd “creepy” mean in paragraph 2?
A. Uncmfrtable t lk at.B. Impssible t tuch.
C. Bring t talk t.D. Difficult t understand.
35. Which f the fllwing wuld Dave mst prbably agree with?
A. Peple shuld treat rbts as humans.
B. Rbts need t express their wn feelings.
C. Rbts shuldn't lk t much like humans.
D. Peple can easily accept rbts with a human face.
36. What is the purpse f the passage?
A. T explain the reasns why rbts shuld have faces.
B. T suggest what humans can d with rbts with faces.
C. T share ideas n what kind f faces rbts shuld have.
D. T shw hw scientists invent rbts with different faces.
【答案】33. D 34. A 35. D 36. C
【解析】本文主要介绍两个人对机器人是否要有人形脸持有的不同看法。
33.细节理解题。根据“And if it is ging t cmmunicate with peple, it will als need a face.”可知要与人交流，故需要脸。故选D。
34.词义猜测题。根据“If it lks mre like a human than a machine, she thinks users might find it a bit creepy and feel afraid.”可知划线词与“feel afraid”并列，结合选项可知应是“看着不舒服”。故选A。
35.细节理解题。根据“He believes that althugh at first we might be afraid when seeing a rbt with a lifelike face, we may sn get used t it.”可知尽管机器人有人形脸可能一开始看起来令人害怕，但是我们会很快适应，说明人们能轻松地接受人形脸的机器人。故选D。
36.主旨大意题。本文主要讨论机器人需要什么脸型，C项符合。故选C。
Passage 4
（2023·江苏苏州）
Teenagers need eight t ten hurs f sleep per night. Hwever, in adlescence (青春期) changes t the bdy’s sleep cycle make it difficult fr teens t fall asleep early. Many cannt fall asleep until 10:30 p.m. r even later and mst f them will feel sleepy if they have t get up t early.
Scientists recmmend that bth middle and high schls begin n earlier than 8:30 a.m. Later schl start times supprt the natural needs f teenagers and increase their sleeping time.
Here are sme ther benefits f later schl start times:
Mre time fr a healthy breakfast
When running late in the mrnings, students are likely t g withut breakfast. With an empty stmach, ne finds it difficult t fcus (集中) in class. When they are always in a hurry, students may frm unhealthy eating habits.
With extra time befre ging t schl, students can eat a well-balanced breakfast and fcus mre n learning.
Fewer behaviral (行为) prblems
Teens experience md changes as a cmmn result f this special perid f life. Less sleep may cause wrries, stress and unhappiness.
When they get enugh sleep, students are calm and peaceful and their mds d nt change suddenly. They’re less likely t feel wrried, unhappy r get angry. Fr parents, children with mre sleep are easier t live with.
Better perfrmance (表现) in study
Sleep lss hurts attentin, memry and brain develpment. Students with less sleep have difficulty paying attentin in class and are likely t have lwer grades. Students with enugh sleep can be mre energetic during the day and mre willing t learn. They are als less likely t fall asleep in class and mre able t understand what they learn.
In cnclusin, starting schl later helps students get a better night’s sleep. It imprves their chances f eating, behaving and perfrming better.
18. Accrding t the passage, what may cause teenagers t stay up?
A. Their lw grades.B. Their empty stmachs.
C. Their bdy’s sleep cycle.D. Their heavy hmewrk.
19. Hw can sleep lss influence students’ study?
A. It gives them much energy.B. It des harm t the brain.
C. It saves mre time fr study.D. It imprves their memry.
20. What’s the writer’s main purpse in writing this passage?
A. T explain reasns fr students’ stress.
B. T describe bad habits caused by sleep lss.
C. T discuss scientists’ research n healthy fd.
D. T intrduce benefits f later schl start times.
21. In which part f the website can yu prbably find this passage?
A. Educatin.B. Fashin.C. Sprts.D. Technlgy.
【答案】18. C 19. B 20. D 21. A
【解析】本文讲述了推迟学生上学时间的一些好处。
18.细节理解题。根据“Hwever, in adlescence changes t the bdy’s sleep cycle make it difficult fr teens t fall asleep early.”可知青少年身体睡眠周期的变化是他们难以入睡。故选C。
19.细节理解题。根据“Sleep lss hurts attentin, memry and brain develpment. Students with less sleep have difficulty paying attentin in class and are likely t have lwer grades.”可知睡眠不足会影响大脑发育。故选B。
20.推理判断题。根据“In cnclusin, starting schl later helps students get a better night’s sleep. It imprves their chances f eating, behaving and perfrming better.”可知本文讲述了推迟学生上学时间的一些好处。故选D。
21.推理判断题。通读全文可知本文讲述了推迟学生上学时间的一些好处，是关于学生教育的，最有可能在“教育网站”看到这篇文章。故选A。
Passage 5
（2023·江苏镇江）
Bicycles have lng been a kind f transprt in China. In the past, nly a small grup f peple thught cycling a sprt. Nw mre and mre peple discver the jy f it.
________ Riders share their favurite rutes and health tips abut cycling n sme apps like Xiahngshu r Sina Weib. On Xiahngshu, there are mre than 2.5 millin psts (帖子) abut cycling, and n Weib, the tpic abut cycling has been viewed mre than 700 millin times. A bicycle cmpany says the sales in ne f its stres rse 20% t 30%, cmpared t the same perid a year earlier. Cycling activities are als welcmed. Accrding t the Chinese Cycling Assciatin, at least 20 millin peple have jined in the sprt.
Peple turn t cycling as mre peple care abut their health and their demand fr utdr exercise becmes strnger. Fr peple wh have begun cycling, the sprt seems t prvide a gd way t run away frm the busy city life. It als gives them a strnger sense f being part f the natural envirnment. Thugh the sprt cycling smetimes csts a lt, many cyclists think spending mney n their wn bdies is mre valuable than n ther items. Mre peple take part in cycling as cities in China are als planning t build mre cycle-nly lanes (车道). Several years ag, Beijing started building the city’s first cycle-nly lane. Since its pening, the lane has seen a larger daily traffic flw. Such lanes are als being built in sme ther cities.
29. Which f the fllwing sentences is the mst suitable fr the blank (空格) in Paragraph 2?
A. Cycling has a lng histry.B. Cycling becmes a ht tpic.
C. Cycling csts a lt f mney.D. Cycling brings several advantages.
30. The underlined wrd “demand” in Paragraph 3 means ________.
A. needB. planC. designD. talent
31. What’s the purpse f this passage?
A. It advises cities t build cycling lanes.
B. It shws the sales f cycling are ging up.
C. It intrduces cycling is becming ppular.
D. It recmmends gd cycling rutes t peple.
【答案】29 B 30. A 31. C
【解析】本文主要介绍了随着越来越多的人关心自己的健康，他们对户外运动的需求也越来越强烈，人们开始骑自行车，骑自行车变得越来越受欢迎。
29.推理判断题。根据“On Xiahngshu, there are mre than 2.5 millin psts (帖子) abut cycling...”可知本段主要介绍了骑自行车非常受欢迎，选项B“骑自行车成热门话题”符合语境。故选B。
30.词义猜测题。根据“Peple turn t cycling as mre peple care abut their health and their demand fr utdr exercise becmes strnger”可知随着越来越多的人关心自己的健康，他们对户外运动的需求也越来越强烈，人们开始骑自行车，故此处划线部分意为“需求”，和need意义相近。故选A。
31.主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了随着越来越多的人关心自己的健康，他们对户外运动的需求也越来越强烈，人们开始骑自行车，骑自行车变得越来越受欢迎。故选C。
Passage 6
（2023·浙江嘉兴）
Rger Federer, a wrld-famus sprts star, quit(放弃) the 2020 Olympic Games t deal with his knee prblem. It was a hard decisin because n ne wanted t be a quitter. But finding the curage t let g can be gd fr yu.
Nthing is fun all the time. Sticking at smething difficult teaches us imprtant skills like perseverance(毅力). Hwever, learning t let g when things aren’t right is imprtant t. Maybe yur heart isn’t in playing the pian any mre, r yu nly play ftball because yur friends d and yu want t try a different sprt instead. Making the decisin t walk away can free up time and energy t spend n smething yu really enjy. In fact, studies shw that letting g f gals yu can’t reach, r dn’t really want, can build up yur cnfidence and help yu lead a happier and healthier life.
But hw can yu knw it’s time t stp and mve n? Eric Bean is an expert in sprts psychlgy(心理学) wh helps athletes and teams understand their feelings. He says, “Quitting is never a matter f black and white.” He suggests thinking carefully abut why yu aren’t enjying smething any mre. Is it because yu’ve argued with a teammate r can’t get n with a new art teacher? Talk abut this with a trusted adult r friend. That can help yu decide whether yu shuld stay and stick, r quit and mve n.
Quitting desn’t have t mean ttally giving up, thugh. Fr example, playing an instrument might be mre fun if yu take away the pressure f exams. If yu d decide t give up an activity, Bean suggests picking up anther where yu can still enjy things like teamwrk, creativity, and exercise.
27. The writer mentins “Rger Federer” in Paragraph 1 t shw that ________.
A we shuld never give upB. we shuld get away frm truble
C. it’s all right t stp and quitD. it’s difficult t win Olympic medals
28. Accrding t Paragraph 2, learning t let g is imprtant because we can ________.
A. learn abut perseveranceB. have enugh mney t spend
C. live a busier and fuller lifeD. feel mre cnfident in urselves
29. By saying the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3, Eric Bean means that ________.
A. it’s nt gd t stick at things we dn’t like
B. we shuld think twice befre quitting an activity
C. we dn’t have t take exams t shw ur true abilities
D. it’s wiser t pick up a new hbby than t keep the ld ne
30. Which culd be the best title fr the passage?
A. Knwing When t StpB. Wrking Hard t Mve n
C. Learning Hw t Grw upD. Starting Early t Make Changes
【答案】27. C 28. D 29. B 30. A
【解析】本文主要讲述了人们应该知道何时停止。
27.推理判断题。根据“But finding the curage t let g can be gd fr yu.”以及“In fact, studies shw that letting g f gals yu can’t reach, r dn’t really want, can build up yur cnfidence and help yu lead a happier and healthier life.”可知，以“Rger Federer”为例是为了说明有时放弃也是好的，故选C。
28.细节理解题。根据“In fact, studies shw that letting g f gals yu can’t reach, r dn’t really want, can build up yur cnfidence and help yu lead a happier and healthier life.”可知，放弃你无法达到的目标，或者你不想要的目标，可以建立你的信心，帮助你过上更快乐、更健康的生活。故选D。
29.词句猜测题。根据“He suggests thinking carefully abut why yu aren’t enjying smething any mre.”可知，他建议仔细思考为什么不再享受某件事，也就是建议人们三思而行，故选B。
30.最佳标题题。根据“Quitting desn’t have t mean ttally giving up, thugh.”和“But hw can yu knw it’s time t stp and mve n?”可知，本文主要讲述了人们应该知道何时停止，故选A。
Passage 7
（2023·浙江宁波）
①Have yu ever thught abut what’s mre imprtant, lking fashinable r feeling cmfrtable? Yu might have nticed many peple chsing style ver cmfrt and sme even g t extremes（极端）t fllw fashin. But we shuld remember: being fashinable isn’t everything. It’s mre imprtant t be healthy.
②Sme peple believe that they need t be a certain size t lk gd. S, they start extreme diets（日常饮食）that are nt gd fr their health. They might nt eat meals r eat t little, which can make them feel sick. Is it a healthy way t live?
③Als, many girls wear shes with very high heels. They might think high heels make them lk taller. But these shes can actually hurt their feet and make it hard t walk cmfrtably, and it can increase risks f falls. Sme even wear tight（紧的）clthes that influence bld circulatin（循环）making it hard t breathe. Shuld we put fashin ver cmfrt and physical health?
④Besides, sme bys and girls spend a lt f time and mney changing their hair clr. The material they use is usually harmful t their health. T make their hair straight r curly, they als use tls that are ht enugh t burn their hair. But using these tls t ften r at very high temperatures can make the hair dry r even burnt. Is it really wrth it t risk ur health, spending s much time and mney?
⑤S, let’s rethink what’s really imprtant. Is it fashin r is it ur well-being? Clthes r hairstyles dn’t tell us anything abut a persn’s character. Instead f spending a lt f time chsing clthes, we culd use that time t d fun things with friends. And instead f fllwing extreme diets, let’s eat prperly and exercise regularly. Remember, yur wrth is nt decided by yur appearance, but by wh yu are as a persn.
23. Why d sme peple g n extreme diets accrding t the passage?
A. Because the diets are healthy.B. Because they just want t lk gd.
C. Because they want t save time.D. Because they want t save mney.
24. What is the writer’s purpse f using a questin in each paragraph?
A. T ask fr help frm readers.B. T tell hw t spend time and mney.
C. T describe the latest fashin.D. T lead readers t think abut the tpic.
25. What des the underlined wrd “well-being” in Paragraph 5 mean?
A. Grwth.B. Health.C. Warmth.D. Wealth.
26. Which f the fllwing best shws the structure f the passage?
A. B. C. D.
【答案】23. B 24. D 25. B 26. A
【解析】本文主要介绍了当今人们为了追求时尚过一种不健康的生活方式，个人的价值不是由你的外表决定的，而是由你这个人决定的。健康的生活才是最重要的。
23.细节理解题。根据“Sme peple believe that they need t be a certain size t lk gd. S, they start extreme diets（日常饮食）that are nt gd fr their health.”可知，因为他们想看起来好看，故选B。
24.推理判断题。根据“It’s mre imprtant t be healthy”以及每一段的问题可知，作者提出这些问题是为了让读者思考“健康才是更重要的”这个主题，故选D。
25.词义猜测题。根据“Is it a healthy way t live” “Shuld we put fashin ver cmfrt and physical health”及“Is it really wrth it t risk ur health, spending s much time and mney”可知，作者提出的每个观点都是围绕“健康”和“时尚”哪一个更重要，所以划线单词与health同义，故选B。
26.篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段引出本文的主题，第二段到第四段介绍人们为了追求时尚的一些不健康生活方式；第五段是总结，故选A。
Passage 8
（2023·浙江台州）
The race is n t get mre electric cars n the rad. Peple predict that electric cars might be mre cmmn in the future. But accrding t a 2021 survey by Pew Research Center, mre than half f U, S, adults like gas-pwered cars better. They say electric cars are expensive and charging (充电) them is a big prblem. Fr nw, mst peple plan t stick with gas-pwered cars. We ask yung readers what they think abut electric cars.
27. Over half f the American adults agree that electric cars ________ accrding t the survey.
A. have n prblem in chargingB. are bad fr the envirnment
C. are expensive and less cnvenientD. can wrk better in cld weather
28. The underlined wrd “pricey” prbably means “________”.
A. fastB. slwC. cheapD. expensive
29. Sandy develps her idea mainly by ________.
A. telling striesB. listing factsC. asking questinsD. using sayings
30. Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the passage?
A. Shuld all cars be electric?
B. Will cars be cmmn in the future?
C. Can electric cars help slw climate change?
D. Are gas-pwered cars bad fr the envirnment?
【答案】27. C 28. D 29. B 30. A
【解析】本文主要介绍了两个学生对于电动汽车的看法。
27.细节理解题。根据“They say electric cars are expensive and charging (充电) them is a big prblem”可知超过一半的美国成年人认为电动汽车很贵而且充电是一个大问题。故选C。
28.词义猜测题。根据“Sme peple think electric cars are pricey. But their prices are cming dwn”可知转折词前表示电动汽车的价格很高，故划线部分意为“昂贵的”。故选D。
29.推理判断题。根据“charging statins are less cmmn than gas statins...”可知Sandy通过列举了一些事实信息介绍自己的看法。故选B。
30.最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了两个学生对于电动汽车的看法，故以选项A“所有的汽车都应该是电动的吗”为标题最合适。故选A。
Passage 9
（2023·北京）
When cnsidering the kind f experience that makes life better, mst peple first think that happiness depends n experiencing pleasure: gd fd, gd jbs, all the cmfrts that mney can buy. If we culdn’t have these, we might as well sit in frnt f the televisin n a quiet evening.
Pleasure is an imprtant part f the quality f life, but by itself it desn’t bring happiness. When peple think further abut what makes a wrthy life, they tend (倾向于) t mve beynd pleasant memries and begin t remember ther events, ther experiences that verlap (有重叠) pleasurable nes but fall int a grup with a separate name: enjyment. Enjyable events take place when peple have nt nly satisfied a need r met sme earlier expectatin, but als achieved smething unexpected.
Enjyment is characterized by a sense f curisity, f achievement. Playing a tennis game that imprves ne’s ability is enjyable, as is reading a bk that shws things in a new light, as is having a cnversatin that leads us t express ideas we didn’t knw we had. Nne f these experiences may be especially pleasurable when they are taking place, but when we think back n them afterwards, we wuld say, “That really was fun” and wish they wuld happen again. After an enjyable event we knw that we have changed, and grwn.
Experiences that give pleasure can als give enjyment, but the tw feelings are quite different. Fr example, everybdy takes pleasure in eating. Hwever, t enjys fd is mre difficult — yu have t pay enugh attentin t a meal, s as t sense and tell its varius tastes. As this example suggests, we can experience pleasure withut any psychic energy, while enjyment happens nly as a result f full attentin. A persn can feel pleasure withut any effrt, as lng as certain parts in his brain are stimulated (刺激). But it’s impssible t enjy a tennis game r a bk withut full attentin. It’s fr this reasn that pleasure des nt last lng, nr des it make us grw. Grwth requires full attentin t gals that are new, that are relatively challenging.
Withut enjyment, life will g n, and it can even be pleasant. But it depends heavily n luck and the external (外部的) envirnment. T achieve persnal cntrl ver the quality f experience, hwever, we need t learn hw t build enjyment int what happens day in, day ut.
30. Yu will mst prbably experience enjyment when yu ________.
A. buy expensive shesB. rder a delicius meal
C. talk with friends fr new ideasD. sit quietly in frnt f a televisin
31. What d yu knw abut pleasure and enjyment frm the passage?
A. Enjyment grws ut f pleasure.
B. Pleasure and enjyment cme hand in hand.
C. Pleasurable experiences are part f enjyable nes.
D. Sme experiences prvide bth pleasure and enjyment.
32. The wrds “psychic energy” in Paragraph 4 are clsest in meaning t ________.
A. attentinB. interestC. abilityD. knwledge
33. The writer prbably agrees that ________.
A. feeling pleasure stps peple frm achieving grwth
B. feeling enjyment cmes with achieving grwth
C. a wrthy life depends n luck and envirnment
D. pleasure is the key t a happy and wrthy life
【答案】30. C 31. D 32. A 33. B
【解析】本文主要讲述了快乐和享受的联系和对比。
30.推理判断题。根据“Playing a tennis game that imprves ne’s ability is enjyable, as is reading a bk that shws things in a new light, as is having a cnversatin that leads us t express ideas we didn’t knw we had.”可知打一场能提高一个人能力的网球是令人愉快的，就像读一本从新的角度看待事物的书一样，就像进行一场能让我们表达自己不知道自己拥有的想法的谈话一样。由此推出当你和朋友谈论新想法时，你很可能会体验到乐趣。故选C。
31.细节理解题。根据“Experiences that give pleasure can als give enjyment, but the tw feelings are quite different.”可知有些经历既能带来愉悦，又能带来享受。故选D。
32.词义猜测题。根据“As this example suggests, we can experience pleasure withut any psychic energy, while enjyment happens nly as a result f full attentin.”可知正如这个例子所表明的，我们可以在没有任何精神能量的情况下体验快乐，而享受只有在全神贯注的情况下才会发生。psychic energy与attentin意思相近。故选A。
33.观点态度题。根据“Enjyment is characterized by a sense f curisity, f achievement.”以及“Grwth requires full attentin t gals that are new, that are relatively challenging.”可知作者会赞成“感到快乐与得到成长是相辅相成的”这一观点。故选B。
Passage 10
（2023·江苏徐州）
Free time is a gd chance fr teenagers t have fun. What abut free time with parents arund? Sme teenagers want free play withut parents’ supervisin(监管) while parents and experts(专家) may think differently.
Lin Ta, a middle schl student, thinks teenagers shuld be free t play. “Last time I played with my parents arund, I was nervus and just culdn’t enjy myself t the fullest,” Lin says. “And my friend Chen Xiaxin has similar experiences. Once, he went ut t play with his classmates. Everyne felt uncmfrtable with his mther’s supervisin.”
Wang Min, a mther f a 14-year-ld by, thinks playtime needs supervisin. She explains, “Peple usually say I like t cntrl my kid, but that’s nt true. I am just wrried that he will get int truble. Sme guys may have a bad influence n him and sme games like LARP(剧本杀) may mislead him. He might even get indulged in the stries and can’t get back t real life.
Mr. Ma, a dctr f scial studies, says it’s understandable fr teenagers t wish fr freedm. Free play helps them t be independent. Parents can give them mre space. They dn’t have t supervise them all the time. Hwever, teenagers shuld find ut the exact details(细节) abut the activities befre playtime. Then they can cmmunicate with their parents and decide tgether whether they can g ut t play alne.
1. Accrding t the passage, free time is a gd chance fr teenagers t ________.
A. study hardB. have funC. get int trubleD. mislead parents
2. Lin Ta supprts his wn idea by ________.
A. listing numbersB. raising questinsC. cmparing factsD. giving examples
3. The underlined wrds “get indulged in” in Para.(段落)3 prbably mean ________.
A. get lst inB. get interested inC. be tired fD. be prud f
4. Accrding t the passage, which f the fllwing may Mr. Ma supprt?
A. He Kai’s parents are arund every time he plays with his friends.
B. Feng Zhngfan’s parents never ask him abut whm he plays with.
C. Liu Xiang ges ut withut knwing anything abut the activities.
D. Xie Ha talks t his parents abut the exact details befre playtime.
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A 4. D
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，就青少年空闲时间是否需要家长监督进行讨论，给出了几个学生的看法以及专家的建议。
1.细节理解题。根据“Free time is a gd chance fr teenagers t have fun.”可知，空闲时间是青少年玩乐的好机会。故选B。
2.推理判断题。分析第二段内容可知，林涛用自己和同学的例子支持自己的观点，故选D。
3.词句猜测题。分析“Sme guys may have a bad influence n him and sme games like LARP(剧本杀) may mislead him. He might even get indulged in the stries and can’t get back t real life.”可知，有些人可能对他有不良影响，比如剧本杀，可能会让孩子们无法回到现实生活中，所以此处 get indulged in的意思是“沉迷，迷失”，故选A。
4.推理判断题。根据“Hwever, teenagers shuld find ut the exact details(细节) abut the activities befre playtime. Then they can cmmunicate with their parents and decide tgether whether they can g ut t play alne.”可知，马博士认为青少年应该在游戏前弄清活动的具体细节，然后他们可以和父母交流，一起决定他们是否可以单独出去玩。选项D“谢浩在游戏前会和父母谈论游戏的具体细节”符合，故选D。
My friend keeps cpying my lk, but I like lking special.
What shuld I d?—Ann
The imprtant thing is t tell yur friend the truth withut hurting her feelings. T d that, yu can talk t her using kind wrds and nt feeling angry. Yu can ffer her yur advice n ppular dressing r even suggest wearing clthes that g tgether. This way yu’ll still lk like each ther, but nt twins!
My rm is always messy.
N matter what I d, I can’t keep it clean!—Mike
Here are sme great ways t make yur rm a bit tidier. Start by picking up things yu dn’t use r want anymre. Yu can give them away t thse in need. Less things means less mess! Then, try t make it a habit t put away things after yu use them. Dne with yur sprts shes fr the day? Back where they shuld be. Finally, set a timer fr five minutes each night t clean any mess!
I’m sad because I have t g t a summer camp.
I just want t have a summer like my friends. Help me ut!—Jessie
We’re srry yu’re feeling this way! The best thing t d is t lk at things n the bright side. There, a new grup f kids will becme yur friends. They’ll knw exactly hw yu feel and help yu. What’s mre, ging t a summer camp desn’t mean a terrible summer. Yu’ll still have fun in the sun with yur friends. The nly questin is, what are yu guys ging t d tgether?
Bks f the Week
※ Laurence in Hpeland
— by Wiltn Smith
Laurence is a by frm Hpeland, a place with magic. He lives with his parents and belved grandpa. One day when he can’t find his grandpa wh has magic pwers, Laurence teams up with his uncle t find ut the truth.
※ Gavin Talks t Birds
— by Wayae Abel
When 10-year-ld Gavin jins a team f superheres, he finds he has an unusual ability: he can talk t birds. Nw a whle wrld has pened up t him, but can he use his new abilities t help save the birds’ wrld?
※ Life f Drthy
— by Nelsn Arthur
After meeting a stranger, Drthy finds herself in a place with deep mystery. She is nw meeting with many strange things, frm sme sudden accidents t lsing her friend’s pet pig. The ups and dwns f the stry will keep yu laughing frm beginning t end.
※ The Last f Drumfield
— by Grgeus Mrgan
It’s abut Ella wh has gt a bk frm her aunt. When she is reading the bk with her gd friend, they drp int the bk and are taken t a fairytale (童话的) wrld. And they have t find a way back.
I like ging t stres, but hw d yu knw if a stre has what yu want? The great thing abut shpping nline is saving time! There are s many chices, and it desn’t take much time t find what yu want! (Jake, Sydney, Australia)
The first time I bught smething nline, I was a little nervus. I didn’t knw hw they were ging t ship it. But it arrived OK. Nw the nly prblem is that I d t much shpping nline. And because I dn’t have t g ut much anymre, I’m nt very fit! (Mari, Lima, Peru)
I wanted t buy a new pair f sunglasses, but I was t busy t g t the stres in the city center. S I decided t rder them nline. They arrived quickly, but they were brken and the case lked used! S I had t g t the stre t change them. What a waste f time! (Try, Jersey City, USA)
I bught a lt f electrnics nline last year, and everything was a gd deal. The prblem is that smene stle my credit card (信用卡) infrmatin and went shpping. My advice is: Be very careful when yu shp nline! (Eric, Ottawa, Canada)
I buy all my things nline-it’s s cl! I never have t g t the mall r wait in line t pay. And I dn’t have t g arund t different stres t cmpare prices. The nly prblem is that I usually spend t much mney! I’m brke! (Nancy, Seattle, USA)
What was yur favrite subject in schl?
Histry. I really lved studying different time perids, cuntries and cultures. I still lve t read histry bks; travel when pssible; watch the Histry Channel.
—Kristin Singer
Art. I was shy and quiet, and I culd express my feelings thrugh my artwrk. It helped t build my self-cnfidence.
—Blair C. Wilke
Histry/scial studies. A great teacher gt me thinking abut the rle that each f us plays in sciety and hw we can change the curse f histry.
—Richard Gldman
English. It created a lve f bks and writing in me. Being able t write beautiful wrds fr thers t read is real magic.
—Tammy Bnd
Math. Sme f the greatest life lessns I ever learned were in math. And then I decided I’d be a math teacher.
—Teri Bench
Tp Answers
Science 25%
Math 18%
Histry/scial studies 17%
English 14%
Other (includes music, art, etc.) 26%
What yur favrite subject says abut yu
Science: Yu are highly curius. Yu try t understand things by studying them carefully. Yu wisely cnnect ideas r reasns.
Art: Yu are always lking fr the bright side, even in the darkest situatins, and ften see the bigger picture.
Histry: Yu seem t remember everything. Yu are wise, humrus and hardwrking.
Math: Yu’re well rganized, seldm late and very strict. Yu can tell what things will be like.
English: Yu are creative and pen-minded. Yu lve t explre in yur wn mind.
Grammarly is great fr checking spelling, grammar, punctuatin (标点) and ther kinds f mistakes. Type yur message and then Grammarly will check if there is a mistake. Next, the app will shw yu hw t fix the mistake and why it is wrng. If yu want t find sme gd synnyms (近义词) fr yur wrds, Grammarly can als help.
Hw can we exercise by urselves safely? The app Fitbd can shw yu hw t exercise crrectly with clear and easy vides. If yu have n equipment (器材), Fitbd can shw yu hw t d simple exercises with just yur bdy. Fitbd can change t meet yur needs after each exercise. If sme f yur muscles (肌肉) are tired, the app will fcus n thers.
D yu always want t use a calculatr t help slve math prblems? Nw there is an app that des even mre fr yu than calculatrs. This app is called Mathway. It can shw yu hw t slve difficult math prblems. Even better, the app can explain each step fr slving math prblems. This way, yu can understand hw t slve a math prblem.
Schl, studies, family—we have s many things t d! Hw can we manage ur tasks? Wat can help us! It help us srt ut what is imprtant r urgent (紧急的) by using its clrful faces. A big red face means a task is really imprtant. A small, happy yellw face means we can take ur time. Let’s use this app t rganize yur tasks in a fun way.
Six Hurs Free Parking
If yu spend $ 100 r mre in ur stres yu will receive six hurs f free parking. When yu have spent $100 r mre, just take this cupn and yur receipt t the custmer service desk n level 4. They will stamp yur parking ticket t allw 6 hurs f free parking.
Offer here until Nvember 14.
Win a $1000 CD Cllectin
Win yur chice f $1000 wrth f CDs frm JB Music Stre. Just buy any tw CDs and yur name will g int the cmpetitin. Select yur wn prize frm ur wide variety f rck, pp, jazz and classical music.
Cmpetitin ends Nvember 14. Prize drawn n Nvember 21.
Check stre fr mre infrmatin.
Buy One, Get One Free
Buy ne shirt r tie at Daniel’s Menswear, and get anther shirt r tie f the same value free.
Chse frm any f ur dress shirts and we will give yu anther ne at n cst.
Hurry! Offer ends Nvember 14.
Offer limited t ne per custmer.
10% Off
Present this cupn at The Bk Stre t get a 10% discunt n any bks yu buy. We have lts f bks t chse frm, including children’s bks, nvels, travel guides, and science wrks. Yu are sure t find smething that yu will enjy. Shp nw fr Christmas, we have a large quantity f tys as gifts fr yu and avid the rush!
Offer here until Nvember 14.
Half-price Mvie Tickets
Buy any full-price mvie ticket n Tuesdays r Wednesdays, and yu can buy a secnd tickets fr a friend fr nly half price. The latest mvies are here, being shwn in ne f ur five theaters at Bayfield Shpping Center.
Offer here thrugh December 1, Limit n per custmer.
Free Sft Drink
Buy any meal fr at least $6 at Mike’s Café, and receive a free sft drink. We serve the best fd in the Shpping Center. Cme in and try ur delicius meals and ur excellent service. Yu wn’t be disappinted!
Free sft drink ffer ends Nvember 14.
Nrtheast China Tiger and
Lepard Natinal Park
Lcatins: Heilngjiang and Jilin prvinces
Landscapes: Muntains, hills, and valleys
Representative species: Siberian tiger, Amur lepard (豹)
Prgress: Increasing ppulatin f prtected animal species frm the year f 2015 t 2022 — Siberian tigers: 27→50; Amur lepards: 42→60
Sanjiangyuan Natinal Park
Lcatins: Qinghai Prvince and Xizang Autnmus Regin
Landscapes: Glaciers, snw-capped muntains, high-altitude wetlands, deserts, alpine grasslands
Representative species: Snw lepard, Tibetan antelpe
Prgress: At present, the vegetatin cverage f the grassland in the park has been ver 60%, which is nearly 5% higher than that in 2015.
Giant Panda Natinal Park
Lcatins: Sichuan, Shaanxi and Gansu prvinces
Landscapes: Muntains, basins
Representative species: Giant panda, red panda
Prgress: It is prtecting ver 70% f the wild giant panda ppulatin in the cuntry. The ppulatin f prtective animals in the park — Giant pandas 50+; Sichuan takins 1,300+
Wuyishan Natinal Park
Lcatins: Fujian and Jiangxi prvinces
Landscapes: Muntains
Representative species: Chinese panglin, Cabt’s tragpan
Prgress: Thrugh reasnable develpment f 10% f its area, the park has hlds its bidiversity cnservatin in 90% f its area under prtectin.
Hainan Trpical Rainfrest
Natinal Park
Lcatins: Hainan Prvince
Landscapes: Muntains
Representative species: Hainan black crested gibbn
Prgress: The ppulatin f Hainan’s black crested gibbn in the wild — 1970s: 2 grups f 7 individuals (个体); At present: 5 grups f 36 individuals
Playing hide-and-seek
Hide-and-seek is a traditinal game fr children, ppular arund the natin. There are tw ways t play: cvering a child’s eyes while ther kids run arund t play a trick n him r, mre cmmnly, thers hide and ne child must try t find them.
Flying kites
Kites have quite a lng histry in China. The earliest kites weren’t made f paper. They were made f wd instead. Nwadays, the three mst famus kites are the Beijing kite, Tianjin kite and Weifang kite. Each has its wn style. Fr example, the bird-shaped kite with lng wings is a special kind f the Beijing kite.
Watching shadw plays
The mst similar thing t watching a film during ancient times was ging t see a shadw play. The artists cntrlled puppets (木偶) behind the screen t make the puppets mve like peple and tell stries. Peple liked listening t the music and enjyed the beautiful puppets.
Kicking stne balls
During the Qing Dynasty (1644—1911), kicking a stne ball arund was a ppular sprt in the nrthern part f China, and it was ften played in the winter t keep warm. Stnes were carved int small balls and kicked alng with feet.
Gdnight Mn
Gdnight Mn is perhaps children’s perfect bedtime bk. It is a shrt pem f gdnight wishes frm a yung rabbit that is prepared t sleep. He says gdnight t everything in the rm. The pictures are simple, changing between small ink drawings and wide, brightly clured views f the little rabbit’s rm. Because f the nice petry f the wrds and the gentle pictures, this bk is lved by a great number f readers.
Baby Tuch and Feel: Animals
A small tuch-and-feel bk full f bunnies (小兔子) and ther sft animals, Baby Tuch and Feel: Animals, is a gift that yur little ne is sure t like. It is filled with real-life animal pictures having tuch-and-feel textures (质地) that can develp kids’ knwledge while increasing their use f senses. Its cver can still remain strng even after being thrwn away, and its thick and strng bard pages wn’t tear. Yur baby can practise learning abut animals and their nises while tuching the textures n the pages.
Peek-a Wh?
Clurful pictures and simple rhyming texts help children guess what’s peeking (偷窥) thrugh the windws. Wndering what’s hiding n the next page and lking thrugh thse bright pictures will keep kids guessing and smiling all the way t the unexpected endings.
The Wnderful Things Yu Will Be
Frm brave and creative t clever, Emily Winfield Martin expresses all the lving things that parents think f when they lk at their children. With beautiful pictures, this is a bk that grwn-ups will lve reading ver and ver t kids t shw their lve. This bk reminds parents that n child is the same. They each have their wn ptential (潜能) and challenges. The bk has a lving and truthful message that will last fr a lifetime.
Henry, 12 years ld, San Francisc
I think we shuld all have electric cars. This wuld cut dwn air pllutin and allw us t breathe better. Cleaner air als means there will be fewer animals dying. Think f all the lives we have lst by destrying ur envirnment.
Sme peple think electric cars are pricey. But their prices are cming dwn. What’s mre, gas csts a lt mre than electricity. Once yu use the gas, it’s gne. Anyway, I think we’re ging t run ut f gas at sme pint. This will make electric cars a need. Als, d yu knw that electric cars can travel 33 miles fr abut a dllar? Yu can’t say that fr gas. All cars shuld be electric!
Sandy, 13 years ld, New Yrk
I dn’t think all cars shuld be electric. First f all, charging statins are less cmmn than gas statins. This makes electric cars a lt less cnvenient fr lng trips. What’s mre, cld weather des harm t the batteries (电池). They can’t wrk well as usual. And electric cars are als mre expensive than cmmn cars. A new electric car usually csts arund $ 11, 000 mre than a new gar car. True, electric cars help slw climate change. But thrwing batteries away can hurt ur planet.