2025高考英语 一轮话题复习 话题6　健康的生活方式（课件+练习）

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Frm the lush green hill yu can see Ljubljana，the capital f Slvenia，in the distance.Ppulatins f deer，rabbits and turtle live here.The air is clean and the nly signs that we are standing abve a 24－metre (79 feet) deep landfill are the methane gas pipes rising frm the grass.Ljubljana is the first Eurpean capital t cmmit t ging zer－waste.But fifteen years ag，all f its refuse went straight t landfill.“And that is expensive，” says Nina Sankvic f Vka Snaga，the city’s waste management cmpany.“It takes up space and yu’re thrwing away resurces.”
S the city decided t change curse.It began in 2002 with separate cllectin f paper，glass and packaging in Radside cntainer stands.Fur years later the city began cllecting bidegradable waste dr t dr；separate cllectin f biwaste is set t becme mandatry acrss Eurpe in 2023，but Ljubljana was nearly tw decades ahead f the curve.In 2013，every drstep in the city received bins fr packaging and paper waste.And，mst cntrversially，scheduled cllectins f the residual waste were cut by half—frcing peple t separate their rubbish mre efficiently.
The results have been impressive.In 2008，the city recycled nly 29.3% f its waste and was lagging behind the rest f Eurpe.Tday that figure is 68%，and its landfill receives almst 80% less rubbish，putting it at the tp f the cycling leader bard f EU capitals.The Slvenian capital nw prduces nly 115 kg f residual waste per capita annually(the Eurpean city with the lwest figure is the much smaller Trevis，Italy，at 59 kg).【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章主要说明了卢布尔雅那是第一个承诺实现零浪费的欧洲首都，介绍了其在垃圾处理方面所采取的措施和收获的成效。
1.What is the usage f the pipe rising frm the grass?
A.A sign t shw there is a deep emit gas rising frm the discharge methane frm the deep landfill.D.A water pipe t water grass.解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The air is frm the grass.”可知，从草里冒出来的管子作用是从深层垃圾填埋场排放甲烷。
2.What is the meaning f the underlined wrd “mandatry” in Paragraph 4?
A.Cmpulsry. D.Reasnable.解析 词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“Fur years later the city began cllecting bidegradable waste dr t dr”以及画线词后文“acrss Eurpe in 2023，but Ljubljana was nearly tw decades ahead f the curve”可知，欧洲2023年才强制要求对生物垃圾进行单独收集，而卢布尔雅那在这方面领先了近20年。画线词意思是“强制性的”。
3.What is the authr’s attitude t the change f Ljubljana?
A.Favrable. D.Unclear.解析 观点态度题。根据最后一段可知，作者对卢布尔雅那的变化持支持态度。
4.In which sectin f a newspaper may the passage appear?
prtectin.解析 文章出处题。根据第二段中的“Ljubljana is the first Eurpean f its refuse went straight t landfill.”以及倒数第二段可推知，文章可能选自“环境保护”版面。
Restricting meals t early in the day did nt affect weight amng verweight adults with prediabetes r diabetes，accrding t research presented at the American Heart Assciatin’s Scientific Sessins 2020.“We have wndered fr a lng time if when ne eats during the day affects the way the bdy uses and stres energy，” said study authr Nisa M.Maruthur，assciate prfessr f medicine in Jhns Hpkins University in Baltimre.“Mst previus studies have nt cntrlled the number f calries，s it wasn’t clear if peple wh ate earlier just ate fewer calries.In this study，the nly thing we changed was the time f day f eating.”
Maruthur and the clleagues fllwed 41 verweight adults in a 12－week study.Mst participants (90%) were African American wmen with prediabetes r diabetes，and average age f 59 years.Twenty－ne f the adults fllwed a time－restricted eating pattern，limiting eating t specific hurs f the day and ate 80% f their calries befre 1 pm.The remaining 20 participants ate at usual times during a 12－hur windw，cnsuming half f their daily calries after 5 pm fr the entire 12 weeks.All participants cnsumed the same pre－prepared，healthy meals prvided fr the study.Weight and bld pressure were measured at the beginning f the study，then at 4 weeks，8 weeks and 12 weeks.
The analysis fund that peple in bth grups lst weight and had decreased bld pressure regardless f when they ate.“We thught that the time－restricted grup wuld lse mre weight，” Maruthur said.“Yet that didn’t happen.We did nt see any differences in weight lss fr thse wh ate mst f their calries earlier versus later in the day.We did nt see any effects n bld pressure either.”
The researchers are nw cllecting mre detailed infrmatin n bld pressure recrded ver 24 hurs，and they will be cmpiling this infrmatin with the results f a study n the effects f time－restricted feeding n bld sugar，insulin and ther hrmnes and making analyses n the findings.“Tgether，these findings will help us t mre fully understand the effects f time－restricted eating n cardimetablie health，” Maruthur said.【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。一项新的研究表明，能量摄入时间的早晚对减肥没有什么影响。文章介绍了研究过程以及研究的发现。
5.What made the study different frm earlier nes?
A.Participants’ ’ daily eating number f research members.解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In this study，the nly thing we changed was the time f day f eating.”可知，参与者每日进食时间让这项研究与之前的研究不同。
6.What is paragraph 3 mainly abut?
A.The research prcedure.B.The research research purpse.D.The research institutin.解析 段落大意题。根据第三段内容可知，它主要讲的是研究过程。
7.What can we learn frm the study?
A.Bld pressure is cnnected with eating less calries earlier makes fr weight time determines the effect f lsing in calries earlier desn’t impact weight lss.解析 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“We thught that the time－restricted did nt see any effects n bld pressure either.”可推知，早吸收卡路里不会影响减肥。
8.What may the researchers d next accrding t the last paragraph?
A.Stp research. B.Annunce data. D.Write essays.解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The researchers are nw ther hrmnes and making analyses n the findings.”可推知，研究人员下一步可能分析数据。
(2024·山东省烟台市一模)Sme years ag，I was stuck n a crsstwn bus during rush hur.The bus was filled with cld，tired peple 1 with ne anther.Tw men 2 at each ther fr an unintentinal push.An elderly wman gt n，and nbdy ffered her a 3 .Anger was in the air；n 4 culd be fund here.As the bus apprached Seventh Avenue，the driver’s wrds came frm the speaker.“Flks，” he said.“I knw yu’ve had a(n) 5 day and that yu are depressed，but I will 6 .When each f yu walks by befre getting ff，drp yur 7 int my palm (手掌).My rute ges right by the Hudsn River，int which I’ll 8 them.”
It seemed as if a spell had lifted.Everyne burst ut laughing，their faces shining with 9 .The passengers wh had been 10 each ther’s existence were suddenly grinning (咧嘴笑) at each ther—is this guy serius?At the next stp，just as 11 ，the driver held ut his hand，palm up，and waited.All the 12 passengers perfrmed the gesture f drpping smething int his palm.The driver 13 the same actin at every stp that fllwed.Occasinally we may sink int a grey wrld，but smene can 14 it like a ray f light，shwing us hpe.What if we are the light？ 15 ，anyne pssesses the pwer t shine n thers’ dark days.【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文，主要讲的是一位公交车司机通过让乘客在下车前把烦恼放在他的掌心里，然后他把烦恼拿去扔掉来点亮乘客们的一天，使他们充满希望。
B.assciatedC.impressed D.annyed解析 satisfied满意的；assciated联合的；相关的；impressed印象深刻的；annyed生气；恼怒。根据上文“Sme years ag，I was stuck n a crsstwn bus during rush hur.”和下文“Anger was in the air”可知，因交通高峰期被堵在路上，公共汽车上挤满了又冷漠又累的人，他们对彼此很生气。 B.nddedC.barked D.sht解析 wave挥手；招手；nd点头；bark厉声质问；sht射击。根据下文“an unintentinal push”和“Anger was in the air”可知，乘客都恼怒对方，两名男子因无意推搡而互相咆哮。
B.seatC.ride D.chice解析 reminder引起回忆的事物；seat座位；ride(乘车或骑车的)短途旅程；chice选择。根据上文“The bus was filled with cld，tired peple”和“An elderly wman gt n”可知，公共汽车上挤满了又冷漠又累的人，一位老妇人上了车，没人给她让座。 B.frtuneC.curage D.security解析 mercy仁慈；宽恕；frtune运气；curage勇气；security安全。根据上文“An elderly wman gt n，and nbdy ffered her a ”可知，这里没有慈悲可言。
B.averageC.imprtant D.fruitful解析 tugh艰难的；棘手的；average平均的；imprtant重要的；fruitful富有成效的。根据上文“tired peple”可知，句子表示“我知道你们今天过得很艰难”。 cmments B.shw upC.help ut D.take risks解析 make cmments发表评论;shw up出现；显露；help ut帮助……做事；take risks冒险。根据上文“yu are depressed”可知，此处表示“我会帮你们的”，空格处是“帮助……做事”，呼应下文讲司机想办法让乘客们开心。
B.trublesC.faults D.tips解析 根据上文语境可知，疲倦的乘客们因堵车心烦意乱，导致车上弥漫着愤怒情绪，司机想缓和这种情况，所以司机是让乘客把他们的烦恼丢在他的掌心。 B.stretchC.accmpany D.cast解析 transfrm使改变形态;stretch拉长；伸展；accmpany陪伴；cast投射；扔。根据上文“drp yur int my palm”可知，此处表示把烦恼扔进河里。
B.greedC.pleasure D.pride解析 envy羡慕；忌妒；greed贪婪；贪心；pleasure快乐；满意；pride自尊；自豪。根据上文“Everyne burst ut laughing”可知，每个人都笑了起来，脸上洋溢着喜悦的光彩。 B.ignringC.expecting D.appreciating解析 suspect怀疑；ignre忽视；不予理睬；expect预料；期待；appreciate欣赏；感激。根据上文“The bus was filled with cld，tired peple”和下文“were suddenly grinning (咧嘴笑) at each ther”可知，乘客们一开始都很冷漠，不太可能会注意身边的人，司机提议后，一直无视对方存在的乘客们突然互相笑了。
B.prmisedC.requested D.reprted解析 rder命令；订购；prmise允诺；答应；request要求；reprt报告。根据上文“When each f yu walks by befre getting which I’ll them”和下文“the driver held ut his hand，palm up，and waited”可知，到了下一站，就像答应过的那样，司机伸出手，掌心朝上，等待着接乘客们的烦恼。 B.fledC.sitting D.exiting解析 chsen精选的；fled受愚弄的；sitting坐的；exiting正在离去的。根据上文“befre getting ff”和下文“perfrmed the gesture f drpping smething int his palm”可知，所有要离开的乘客都做了一个把什么东西扔到他的手掌里的手势。
B.designedC.interpreted D.evaluated解析 repeat重复；design设计；interpret领会；说明；evaluate评估；估计。根据下文“the same actin at every stp that fllwed”可知，司机在接下来的每一站都重复同样的动作。 B.explreC.reward D.brighten解析 divide分割；explre探索；reward奖赏；奖励；brighten(使)更明亮。根据下文“like a ray f light”可知，总有人能像一线光明一样照亮我们的灰暗世界。
B.InsteadC.Actually D.Cnsequently解析 根据下文“anyne pssesses the pwer t shine n thers’ dark days”可知，事实上，任何人都有能力照亮别人的黑暗日子，就像司机所做的一样。
(2024·浙江省绍兴市高三二模)Eating Chinese fd can be beneficial fr yur health.Chinese dishes are ften packed with vegetables，lean prteins，and healthy grains like rice and ndles，which 1. (make) them a great surce f vitamins，nutrients，and ther essential 2. (mineral).Chinese fd is als 3. (relative) inexpensive，making it a great ptin fr eaters.Many dishes can be easily custmized t meet dietary restrictins r preferences，and takeut ptins make it easy 4. (enjy) a delicius meal withut spending much time in the kitchen.
Chinese fd is ften thught f as a single type f cuisine，5. there are actually many different reginal variatins.Cantnese cuisine 6. (characterize) by light and flavrful dishes that ften cntain seafd while Szechuan dishes are knwn 7. their spicy (辛辣的) flavrings.Hunan cuisine is typically 8. (heavy) than thers，incrprating ingredients like chilies and garlic.In cnclusin，eating Chinese fd can be a nutritius and ecnmic way t get a variety f flavrs and textures n yur plate.With a little bit f research and knwledge，yu can enjy all the delicius flavrs f Chinese cuisine in 9. healthy and safe way.S dn’t be afraid t explre the wrld f Chinese fd and discver all the 10. (wnder) tastes it has t ffer!
【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章主要介绍吃中国菜对健康有益且经济实惠。1.makes [考查时态和主谓一致。本句是which引导的非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少谓语动词，所以make作谓语，描述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，主语是which代指前面整句话，看作第三人称单数。故填makes。]2.minerals [考查名词的数。空前是形容词，所以空处应填名词，mineral意为“矿物质”，为可数名词，被ther修饰，指其他矿物质，应用名词复数形式。故填minerals。]3.relatively [考查词性转换。空处修饰空后的形容词，应该用副词修饰。故填relatively。]
4.t enjy [考查非谓语动词。此处是固定搭配：“make it＋形容词＋t d sth”意为“使做某事成为/变得……”。故填t enjy。]5.but/yet [考查并列连词。根据前文“Chinese fd is ften thught f as a single type f cuisine”以及后文“there are actually many different reginal variatins”可知，两句话之间是转折关系，所以空处应填表转折的连词，but和yet都有“但是”之意。故填but或者yet。]6.is characterized [考查时态语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，characterize和主语Cantnese cuisine之间是被动关系，应该用被动语态，描述的是客观事实，用一般现在时。主语为单数概念，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式，故填is characterized。]
7.fr [考查介词。此处是固定搭配：be knwn fr意为“因……而著名”。故填fr。]8.heavier [考查比较等级。句意：湘菜的味道通常比其他菜重，会加入辣椒和大蒜等食材。分析句子结构，空前是系动词，所以空处应填形容词，再根据空后的than可知，空处应用形容词的比较级。故填heavier。]9.a [考查冠词。此处是固定搭配：“in a/an＋adj.＋way”意为“用一种……的方式”，空后healthy的发音以辅音音素开头，所以用a。故填a。]10.wnderful [考查词性转换。空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，wnder的形容词形式是wnderful。故填wnderful。]