2025高考英语 一轮话题复习 话题8　生命的意义与价值（课件+练习）

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(2024·山东淄博统考三模)When Zhi Yueying，then 19，went t the remte Niyang village in Yichun city，Jiangxi Prvince，t wrk as a village teacher in 1980，villagers were dubtful if she was ging t stay lng.Over the past fur decades，Zhi has devted herself t rural educatin.She is a recipient f Tuching China awards that recgnize the mst inspiring rle mdels in 2016.She was als awarded as a mdel pverty fighter by the gvernment.Zhi has a prfund understanding f the imprtance f educatin in the muntains.Over the years，she has taught the students and cared fr them，since many f them were “left－behind” children whse parents migrated t ther places t wrk.Mre than 1，000 students f hers have left the muntain area，and created a better life fr themselves.
Lcated amid the muntains，the village was very pr and far frm any twn.Villagers had t hike in the muntains.“I arrived at the schl in an early evening，and was shcked.I had knwn the cnditins were pr，but the reality was wrse.” Mrever，lcal peple needed t g dwnhill t buy daily necessities，and transprt them back in their hands r balanced acrss their shulders.“I had never walked uphill n a muntain rad befre，s I walked much mre slwly than thers.Smetimes I walked slwly behind t much and was scared t tears，” says Zhi.Smetimes she had t walk uphill by herself with a flashlight at night.The wild bars and rabbits smetimes frightened her and she enhanced her curage by singing ludly.
But she gradually gt used t her life there.At the beginning，she fund many lcal peple valued their sns far mre than their daughters，and wuld nt like t let them attend schl.Zhi went t their hmes repeatedly and gradually persuaded them t send all their children t schl.Fr thse wh culd nt affrd the tuitin，she spared her wn mney t help.Zhi says seeing her students d well beynd the muntains is deeply rewarding.“My dream，the same as befre，is t stay by the side f mre children.I knw pverty will frever say gdbye t the muntainus villages，t my students，and t myself，” says Zhi.【语篇解读】　本文是新闻报道。文章讲述了在江西山区中做乡村教师的支月英的故事，过去的四十年中她一直致力于乡村教育，悉心教育并照顾学生，做出了巨大的贡献。
1.Why did Zhi chse t stay lng in the muntains?
A.She was a village was a Tuching China awards was shcked by the pr living was aware f the significance f rural educatin.解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Over the past fur decades，Zhi has devted herself t rural educatin.”和“Zhi has a prfund understanding f the imprtance f educatin in the muntains.”可知，支月英选择长期待在山里是因为她意识到了乡村教育的重要性。
2.What is Paragraph 3 mainly abut?
A.The reasns fr their ways f buying daily tugh situatins in the descriptin f Zhi’s teaching experience.解析 段落大意题。根据第三段中“Lcated amid the muntains，the village was very them back in their hands r balanced acrss their shulders.”可知，山里的村庄地理位置偏僻，条件很差，人们生活非常不便。因此，第三段主要是描绘山里艰苦的环境。
3.What can we learn abut Zhi Yueying?
A.She has a sense f enjys living in has changed the lcal likes challenges in teaching.解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Zhi says seeing her students d well beynd the muntains is deeply rewarding.”可知，支月英对于自己教育的成果感到很满意，很有成就感。
4.What is a suitable title fr the text?
A.A Life－changing LessnB.A Cntributr t Rural EducatinC.The Teaching Experience in MuntainsD.The Current Situatin f Rural Educatin解析 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了在江西山区中做乡村教师的支月英的故事，过去的四十年中她一直致力于乡村教育，做出了巨大的贡献。由此可知，B项“乡村教育的贡献者”符合文章大意，适合作为标题。
(2024·山东日照统考三模)A new wearable device that wraps arund yur finger like a plaster can harvest sweat while yu sleep and use it t generate electricity，accrding t the develpers frm University f Califrnia，San Dieg.Mst pwer－prducing wearable devices require wearers t perfrm intense exercise r depend n external surces such as sunlight r large changes in temperature.But the new strip uses a passive system t generate electricity frm sweat in yur fingertips，even if yu are sleeping r sitting cmpletely still.This is because the fingertips are the sweatiest part f the bdy.S，thanks t a smart spnge material，this can be cllected and prcessed by cnductrs.
The energy harvester prduces small amunts f electricity when the wearer presses dwn r starts t sweat，r frm light finger tapping.It des this by cnverting activities like typing，texting，r playing the pian int extra charge.Fingertips have ne f the highest cncentratins f sweat grands in the bdy，with each finger prducing between 100 and 1，000 times mre sweat than mst ther areas，accrding t the researchers.C－first authr dctral student Mr.Bin said，“The reasn why we feel sweatier n ther parts f the bdy is that thse spts are nt well ventilated (通风的).By cntrast，the fingertips are always expsed t air，s the sweat evaprates as it cmes ut.S rather than letting it evaprate，we use ur device t cllect this sweat，and it can generate a significant amunt f energy.”
The device is equipped with electrical cnductrs r electrdes (电极) made frm a carbn fam，which absrbs any finger sweat.Enzymes (酶) n the electrdes then cause chemical sweat mlecules t generate electricity.The device nly stres up a little bit pwer at the mment，and wuld take abut three weeks f cnstant wear t pwer a smart phne，but the researchers hpe t increase capacity in future.【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。研发人员发明了一种新型的可穿戴设备，该设备可以像膏药一样缠在手指上，在你睡觉时收集汗水，并利用它来发电。
5.Hw is the new device different frm ther wearables?
A.It is cst－effective.B.It is harmless t requires n exercise.D.It prduces electricity.解析 推理判断题。根据文章第二段中“Mst pwer－prducing wearable device require if yu are sleeping r sitting cmpletely still.”可知，这种设备即使是在你不运动的情况下，也可以从你指尖的汗液中发电。
6.What des the underlined wrd “evaprates” in paragraph 5 mean?
A.Changes int a gas.B.Freezes in the t the grund.D.Becmes bigger in amunt.解析 词义猜测题。根据画线单词上一句的“The reasn why we feel sweatier n ther parts f the bdy is that thse spts are nt well ventilated (通风的).”可推断，该句话的意思是我们身体的其他部位出汗多是因为那些部位不通风。而对比之下，“the fingertips are always expsed t air(指尖总是暴露在空气中)”可推测，指尖没有多少汗水，由此推断，指尖没有汗水是因为汗水一出来就蒸发了。所以画线单词的意思为“蒸发”。选项A“Changes int a gas.(变成气体)”符合该意思。
7.What is the disadvantage f the device?
A.It is extremely small in is very difficult t has a very limited pwer relies much n temperature changes.解析 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“The device nly stres up a little bit pwer at the the researchers hpe t increase capacity in future.”可知，该设备的容量不够大。
8.Which f the fllwing is a suitable title fr the text?
A.Sweaty FingertipsB.Pwer frm FingertipsC.An Electrical CnductrD.A Rechargeable Device解析 标题归纳题。根据文章第一段中“A new wearable device that wraps arund yur it t generate electricity”以及整篇文章内容可知，文章主要介绍了一种新型的可穿戴设备，该设备可以佩戴在手指上并收集汗水，用来发电。所以“Pwer frm Fingertips”作为文章标题最为合适。
Our past experiences shape ur future.It is a saying that resnates (共鸣) with me every single day and this has been a great 1 frm my frmative years，which 2 me t apply fr the jb as a cashier at the mini supermarket as a teenager after my final year in high schl.As a cashier，timeliness was a very 3 factr that was a must fr me t stick t.I gt t plan ut my days well as sn as I 4 the jb s that my clcking in and clcking ut was always n time since 5 t it wuld make the whle wrk system in the stre wrng.This makes sure that I d my activities 6 and d them thrughly.
As much as the experience was enlightening and satisfactry，it had its 7 —inability t 8 a scial grup with my peers (同龄人) and having free time with my family was 9 .On Sundays，all I wanted was t be well rested befre my 10 started the next day.Sme memrable activities in my teenage life 11 me by as I was ften busy with wrk.This 12 me that I had t priritize and find time t relax after wrking s that my prductivity wuld 13 .Taking my first 14 is the best chice I have ever made.But fr this great pprtunity，I wuld nt have 15 thse qualities that greatly influenced my life.【语篇解读】　本文是夹叙夹议文。作者高中毕业后的第一份工作对他产生了深远的影响，使作者深刻理解了“我们过去的经历塑造了我们的未来”。
B.mttC.decisin D.wish解析 A.intentin意图;B.mtt座右铭，格言；C.decisin决定；D.wish希望。分析句子可知，本句中this指代上文“Our past experiences shape ur future.”这句话，这是一句格言。 B.frcedC.expected D.pushed解析 A.invited邀请；B.frced强迫；C.expected期待；D.pushed推动，逼迫。分析句子可知，本句中which指代先行词mtt，因此是这句座右铭推动着我找到了收银员的工作。
B.rughC.vital D.randm解析 A.vague含糊的，不清楚的；B.rugh粗糙的，粗鲁的；C.vital至关重要的；D.randm随机的。根据下文“I gt t plan ut my days well as sn wuld make the whle wrk system in the stre wrng.”可知，时间对我来说非常重要。 up B.tk nC.picked ut D.tk up解析 A.picked up捡起，接某人，偶然学会；B.tk n呈现；C.picked ut挑出，辨认出；D.tk up拿起，开始从事。根据上文“pushed me t apply fr the jb as a cashier”可知，我开始从事这个工作。
B.failureC.admissin D.pressure解析 A.invitatin邀请；B.failure失败；C.admissin录取，承认；D.pressure压力。根据下文“wuld make the whle wrk system in the stre wrng”可知，如果我打卡失败，会造成整个系统的瘫痪。 chance B.in a hurryC.n time D.at all csts解析 A.by chance偶然，意外；B.in a hurry匆忙；C.n time准时，按时；D.at all csts不惜一切代价。根据上文“I gt t plan ut my days well as sn system in the stre wrng.”可知，这种工作性质确保我会准时完成我的事情。
B.shrtcmingsC.techniques D.statements解析 A.privileges特权；B.shrtcmings缺点，不足之处；C.techniques技术；D.statements声明，陈述。根据下文“inability t a scial grup with my peers (同龄人)”中的inability “无能，不能”可知，这项工作也有不好的地方。 B.quitC.bradcast D.create解析 A.reprt报告；B.quit放弃；C.bradcast广播；D.create创造。根据此空宾语“a scial grup with my peers”，以及上文inability可知，此处意为“因为这个工作，我不能形成一个同龄人团体”。
B.ppularC.essential D.dull解析 A.rare稀有的；B.ppular流行的；C.essential重要的；D.dull无聊的。根据上文“As much as the experience was enlightening and satisfactry，it had its ”可知，此处描述的是这份工作的缺点，因此是很少有时间和家人待在一起。 B.changeC.wait D.fame解析 A.shift轮值的班；B.change改变；C.wait等待；D.fame名声。根据上文“As much as the experience was enlightening and satisfactry，it had its ”可知，此处在继续描述这份工作的缺点，因此是周日要在第二天轮班之前好好休息。
B.sentC.called D.passed解析 A.hit碰撞，打；B.sent发送；C.called称呼；D.passed经过，走过。根据上文“On Sundays，all I wanted was t be well rested befre my started the next day.”可知，青少年的我为了工作一直在忙碌，因此错过了很多活动。pass by意为“经过，走过”。 B.btheredC.taught D.warned解析 A.wrried担心，担忧；B.bthered打扰；C.taught教；D.warned警告。根据上文“Sme memrable activities in my teenage life me by as I was ften busy with wrk.”可知，我青少年时期为了工作错过了很多活动，而这些经验教会了我要给事情分优先级。
B.simplifyC.increase D.vary解析 A.disappear消失；B.simplify简化；C.increase增加；D.vary变化。根据上文“This me that I had t priritize and find time t relax after wrking”可知，我分清事情的优先级并找时间放松，会提高我的工作效率。 B.prizeC.pprtunity D.step解析 A.curse课程；B.prize奖；C.pprtunity机会；D.step步骤。根据上文“This me that I had t priritize and find time t relax after wrking s that my prductivity wuld .”可知，作者在此处应用了比喻手法，将之前的工作经验比喻为“人生中的课”。
B.guaranteedC.misunderstd D.discvered解析 A.advcated提倡，主张；B.guaranteed保证；C.misunderstd误解；D.discvered发现。分析句子可知，本句宾语是“thse qualities that greatly influenced my life”，因此应和“发现”搭配。
(2024·江苏省百校高三第三次联考)Ecnmic and trade ties between China and cuntries alng the Belt and Rad 1. (grw) significantly ver the past decade.Prpsed by China in 2013，the Belt and Rad Initiative refers 2. the Silk Rad Ecnmic Belt and the 2lst Century Maritime Silk Rad.China’s trade in gds with Belt and Rad cuntries dubled 3. $1.04 trillin in 2013 t $2.07 trillin in 2022，with 4. average annual grwth rate f 8 percent，Chen，assistant minister f cmmerce，said at a news cnference.By the end f 2022，Chinese enterprises had invested $57.13 billin in ecnmic and trade cperatin zne cuntries alng the Belt and Rad，5. helped create 421，000 jbs fr lcal residents.
6. (g) ahead，China will expand imprts f quality gds，imprve its tw－way investment structure 7. cnclude free trade agreements with mre cuntries alng the Belt and Rad.China will 8. (active) negtiate and sign bilateral (双边的) cperatin agreements n green develpment，digital ecnmy and blue ecnmy cuntries alng the Belt and Rad.China will als strengthen cperatin with cuntries alng the Belt and Rad in areas including pverty 9. (reduce)，health and educatin，and initiate mre “small but beautiful” 10. (prject)t enhance lcal peple’s sense f accmplishment，Chen said.
【语篇解读】　本文是新闻报道。文章报道了过去十年来中国与一带一路共建国家的经贸关系显著发展。1.have grwn [考查时态和主谓一致。空处在句子中作谓语，根据时间状语ver the past decade可知，句子表达的是一个过去发生的动作对现在的影响，应使用现在完成时，主语Ecnmic and trade ties是复数，助动词用have。故填have grwn。]2.t [考查介词。refer t为固定短语，含义为：指的是，与句子表达的含义一致，故填t。]
3.frm [考查介词。根据下文两个数据“$1.04 trillin in 2013 t $2.07 trillin in 2022(2013年的1.04万亿美元增至2022年的2.07万亿美元)”可知此处表达的是“从……到……”，故填frm。]4.an [考查冠词。空处后面为名词作宾语，根据名词的用法，名词前需使用不定冠词表示“一个”含义，因average的发音以元音音素开头，故填an。]5.which [考查定语从句。本句是一个包含非限制性定语从句的复合句，先行词是整个主句内容，从句缺少主语，应用关系代词which，故填which。]6. Ging [考查非谓语动词。空处在句子中作状语，应使用非谓语动词，因与其逻辑主语China之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，使用现在分词，故填Ging。]
7.and [考查并列连词。空处后面的动词cnclude与上文expand和imprve为并列关系，应使用并列连词，故填and。]8.actively [考查词性转换。空处在句子中作状语修饰动词negtiate and sign，应使用副词，故填actively。]9.reductin [考查词性转换。空处在句子中作宾语，应使用名词，pverty reductin “减贫”，故填reductin。]10.prjects [考查名词的数。空处在句子中作宾语，应使用名词，根据空处前面的形容词mre可知空处应填名词复数，故填prjects。]