2025高考英语 一轮话题复习 话题23　对社会有突出贡献的人（课件+练习）

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Tday China is the wrld’s biggest cnsumer f wheat.But it wasn’t always that way.Wheat nly came t the area nw knwn as nrthern China tward the end f the Nelithic(新石器) perid，sme 4，600 years ag.Initially，wheat didn’t seem t be s delicius and had been treated as a crp f desperatin rather than a cking delight.The first farmers f nrthern China primarily grew millet(粟)，starting as early as 11，500 years ag.By the time f the Tang Dynasty，wheat had replaced millet，becming a majr crp.But relatively little was knwn abut exactly why this shift ccurred.
In an attempt t track the answer，I accumulated a cllectin f nearly 1，200 data pints cvering mre than 50 sites frm the mid－Nelithic，abut 9，000 years ag，t the cllapse f the Eastern Han Dynasty in 220 AD.The sites were acrss 8 mdern prvinces，ranging frm Gansu Prvince in the nrthwest t Shandng Prvince in the east.One pssible explanatin is a majr climate shift，called the Hlcene Event 3，which happened 4，000 t 4，500 years ag.At that time，the climate became clder and drier acrss cntinents，causing damage t crp prductin.On tp f this，the late Nelithic perid was als a time f rapid ppulatin grwth arund the wrld.With an ever－increasing ppulatin and unsteady crp prductin，it is reasnable t assume that Nelithic farmers in nrthern China were struggling.
Wheat，it turns ut，actually needs mre water than millet，making it seem a pr chice fr a dry perid f histry.But imprtantly，it can be swed after millet has been harvested.That，we think，is the mst likely reasn why the peple acrss nrthern China started t grw wheat.Frm mre extreme weather t changing castlines，climate change has always brught unexpected and smetimes dramatic changes t scieties.In this instance，the cnsequence f the Hlcene Event 3 in nrthern China prved，eventually，delicius.【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章主要说明了小麦开始作为农作物的历史以及小麦成为主要农作物这种转变的原因。
1.What can we learn abut wheat frm the secnd paragraph?
A.It replaced millet fr its great was a pr chice at the utnumbered millet 4，600 years was the earliest crp grwn in China.解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Initially，wheat didn’t seem t be s delicius and had been treated as a crp f desperatin rather than a cking delight.”可知，小麦一开始是一个糟糕的选择。
2.What d the figures in Paragraph 3 shw?
A.The authr fund the exact authr did wrldwide authr tk the research authr was gd at cllecting data.解析 推理判断题。根据第三段可知，第三段中的数字说明了作者认真对待这项研究。
3.What was prbably the main reasn fr nrtherners in China t grw wheat?
A.The water supply was enugh harvest f millet was nt adjusted t the weather cnditins had an alternative swing seasn with millet.解析 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“But imprtantly，it can be swed nrthern China started t grw wheat.”可知，中国北方人种植小麦的主要原因是它有一个可选择的播种季节。
4.Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the text?
A.Hw was millet intrduced t China?B.Why did Chinese farmers switch t wheat?C.Why did China becme the biggest wheat cnsumer?D.Hw was China’s wheat grwth affected by climate change?解析 标题归纳题。根据第一段“Tday China is the wrld’s biggest cnsumer f wheat.But it wasn’t always that way.”以及第二段中的“But relatively little was knwn abut exactly why this shift ccurred.”可知，文章介绍了小麦开始作为农作物的历史以及小麦成为主要农作物这种转变的原因。故B选项“为什么中国农民转向种植小麦？”最符合文章标题。
Here in the middle f Lndn，smething extrardinary is ging n.Yu can hear a lud and unmistakable sund f bees ding what they d best：making hney.What’s mre，they’re perfrming their magic，nt in the leafy acres f nearby park，but up n the balcny f St Ermin’s Htel.Whereas mst urban residences wuld d their best t keep sting－bearing insects as far away frm guests as pssible，this htel pens its drs t the capital’s bees.The persn wh tends this “Bee Htel” is Camilla Gddard.“In the lng run，bees are amazing creatures t wrk with.Yu can’t help admiring the way they perate.They really d put the gd f the cmmunity first，” she says.
As well as prviding an enjyable pastime，mdern beekeeping is becming increasingly critical.Accrding t the British Beekeepers Assciatin (BBKA)，70 different UK crps depend n bees fr pllinatin (授粉).Withut bees t prvide pllinatin，ne－third f all ur fd wuldn’t survive.During the Secnd Wrld War，Winstn Churchill was a firm supprter f bees and made sure they gt extra supplies t carry n with their pllinatin wrk，even as the German army drpped their bmbs.
“Bees are in danger f disappearing frm ur envirnment，” warns Tim Lvett f the BBKA.Tday，bee numbers are dwn by 50 per cent.Using mre and mre land，agricultural industry reduces spts where bees can live.Crp－prtecting pesticides have als led t high death rate f bees.Anther blw was an Asian species that first arrived in Devn and then spread acrss the cuntry.It settled n the bees and nt nly weakened their immune system but caused their wings t defrm (变畸形) s that flying became impssible.
Anxius abut the decline f beekeeping，the BBKA has prduced a schl infrmatin pack entitled “Bees in the Curriculum”.Once the children have been arund bees fr a while，they understand the service that bees prvide fr us，rather than seeing them as the surce f stings.【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章通过伦敦一家养蜜蜂的酒店，指出蜜蜂授粉的重要性，以及现在栖息地的破坏和蜜蜂数量减少的问题，旨在呼吁保护蜜蜂。
5.What d we knw abut Camilla Gddard?
A.She has never gt bee stings tries t make her guests bee－ admires the way in which bees wns a bee htel in a Lndn suburb.解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中“In the lng run，bees are amazing the gd f the cmmunity first”可知，Camilla Gddard 很钦佩蜜蜂生活的方式。
6.Why is Winstn Churchill mentined in paragraph 3?
A.T criticize the cruelty f change the rle f bees in the highlight the value f bee awaken the cnsciusness f saving crps.解析 写作意图题。根据第三段最后一句“During the Secnd Wrld as the German army drpped their bmbs.”可以看出，丘吉尔很看重蜜蜂授粉，是因为蜜蜂授粉价值重大，因此这强调了蜜蜂授粉的价值。
7.Which is a direct cause f the reductin f bee habitats?
A.Mdern agriculture.B.Freign species frm humans.D.Crp－prtecting pesticides.解析 细节理解题。根据第四段第二、三句可知，蜜蜂栖息地减少的直接原因是现代农业的发展。
8.What’s the best title fr the text?
A.The number f bees is decreasing sharplyB.Mdern beekeeping is ensuring ur futureC.Bee Htel is changing bees’ fate in the UKD.Children are educated abut the value f bees解析 标题归纳题。第一段描述的场景是Bee Htel里蜜蜂的活动，本文通过这个场景，介绍了蜂蜜的重要性，以及该酒店的行为改变了人们对蜜蜂的看法，不再仅仅是蜇人的源头，因此，Bee Htel is changing bees’ fate in the UK符合题意。
It was just three days frm Thanksgiving，and my husband，Gerald，and I were n ur first tur acrss the Canadian prairies. 1 ，I knew we wuld be away fr Thanksgiving，but the reality f it didn’t really 2 n me befre we hit the rad.Nw，we had t spend Thanksgiving with strangers.We 3 in frnt f a small，lakeside huse，mildly 4 .Wuld it be kay t disturb thers n this private celebratin？As we 5 int Betty and Gary’s hme，we were immediately met with 6 .The wd stve tk every bit f chill ut f the air，and the smell f fd 7 us like a sft blanket.We gathered arund the table.Our anxiety 8 away as we were drawn int this circle f friendship.We tld stries，shared laughs，and as the day called us t，gave 9 .
We thught we were ging t spend Thanksgiving with strangers，but we really didn’t.Smething 10 happens when gd fd is 11 shared arund an pen table.Cnversatins begin. 12 starts t flw.Divisins disappear. Relatinships are 13 .Thrugh the simple act f sharing a meal tgether，we discver we’re 14 by ur desire t lve，ur need fr 15 ，and ur cmmn humanity.What a perfect way t celebrate Thanksgiving!【语篇解读】　本文是夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了在感恩节前三天，作者和丈夫穿越加拿大草原，受到了陌生人的热情款待。作者从中感悟到：通过一起吃饭这个简单的行为，我们对爱的渴望，我们对理解的需要，以及我们共同的人性将我们联系在一起。
B.GenerallyC.Hnestly D.Secretly解析 A.Basically基本上；B.Generally通常；C.Hnestly老实说；D.Secretly秘密地。由下文“I knew we wuld be away fr Thanksgiving，but the reality f it didn’t really n me befre we hit the rad.”可知，作者承认自己知道不在家过感恩节，但是在出发前没有意识到这个问题会是什么样，即此处指老实说。 B.callC.reflect D.strike解析 A.dawn变得明朗，开始清楚；B.call打电话；C.reflect深思；D.strike打击。由下文“n me befre we hit the rad”可知，此处指作者没有意识到这个事实——即将要和陌生人过感恩节，dawn n sb固定搭配，意为“某人逐渐明白；逐渐意识到”。
by B.headed ffC.pulled up D.set ut解析 A.drpped by顺便拜访；B.headed ff阻止；C.pulled up停车；D.set ut出发。由上文“my husband，Gerald，and I were n ur first tur acrss the Canadian prairies”和下文“int Betty and Gary’s hme”可推知，作者和丈夫应该是开车去的。由此可知，此处指将车停在一座湖边的小房子前，然后走进一家陌生的房子。 B.annyedC.grateful D.scared解析 A.anxius焦虑的；B.annyed生气的；C.grateful感恩的；D.scared害怕的。由下文“Wuld it be kay t disturb thers n this private celebratin？”和下文“Our anxiety”可知，作者和丈夫感觉会打扰到别人，所以有些焦虑。
B.ranC.stepped D.wandered解析 A.brke打破；B.ran跑步；C.stepped迈步；D.wandered漫游。由下文“int Betty and Gary’s hme，we were immediately met”可知，作者和丈夫迈步进入贝蒂和加里的家。 B.careC.fd D.warmth解析 A.friends朋友；B.care关心；C.fd食物；D.warmth热情。由下文“We gathered arund the table”和“We tld stries，shared laughs，and as the day called us t”可知，作者和丈夫受到了热情款待。
B.envelpedC.flded D.welcmed解析 A.cmfrted安慰；B.envelped覆盖;C.flded淹没；D.welcmed欢迎。由下文“like a sft blanket”可知，此处指像毯子一样覆盖在身上。 B.passedC.ran D.threw解析 A.melted消失；B.passed通过；C.ran跑步；D.threw扔。由下文“as we were drawn int this circle f friendship”可知，作者和丈夫融进这个友谊的圈子，所以感觉焦虑都消失了，melt away是固定搭配，意为“消失”。
B.hugsC.mney D.thanks解析 A.gifts礼物；B.hugs拥抱；C.mney钱；D.thanks感谢。根据上文可知，作者和丈夫受到贝蒂和加里夫妇的热情款待，所以对他们表示感谢。 B.specialC.relaxing D.typical解析 A.mixed混合的；B.special特别的；C.relaxing令人放松的；D.typical典型的。由下文“Divisins disappear.Relatinships are .”并结合上文提到的作者和陌生一家在一起过感恩节，刚开始感到焦虑，随后和陌生一家关系很好可知，作者认为这是很特别的事。
B.patientlyC.casually D.cautiusly解析 A.generusly慷慨地；B.patiently耐心地；C.casually随意地；D.cautiusly谨慎地。由下文“shared arund an pen table”和上文提到贝蒂和加里夫妇热情款待作者和丈夫可知，此处指好吃的食物在餐桌上慷慨地被分享。 B.LaughterC.Music D.Nise解析 A.Belief信念；B.Laughter笑声；C.Music音乐；D.Nise噪声。由上文“shared laughs”可知，此处指笑声开始流淌。
B.expsedC.fixed D.split解析 A.brn产生；B.expsed暴露；C.fixed固定；D.split分裂。由上文“Divisins disappear.”可知，分歧消失，所以感情产生。 B.encuragedC.cnnected D.tuched解析 A.attached系；B.encuraged鼓励；C.cnnected连接；D.tuched触摸。由下文“by ur desire t lve”和上文提到作者和丈夫在陌生人家中愉快地度过感恩节可知，此处指我们对爱的渴望将我们联系在一起。
B.sympathyC.freedm D.understanding解析 A.curage勇气；B.sympathy同情；C.freedm自由；D.understanding理解。由上文“Divisins disappear.”和上文提到的作者和丈夫受到陌生人的热情款待可知，对爱的渴望，对理解的需要，以及共同的人性将作者和丈夫与贝蒂和加里夫妇联系在一起。
(2024·河北省沧州市高三一模)With its landscape f plateaus (高原) bund by muntains，Shanxi Prvince in Nrth China is regarded as being assciated with fields f wheat and icnic wheat prducts.Daxia ndles is ne f the mst ppular 1. (dish) there.This dish 2. (date) back t China’s Yuan Dynasty (1271—1368)，s this type f well－received ndles has a lng histry.
3. (make) Daxia ndles，hld the dugh (面团) with ne hand，and n the ther hand，using a sharp knife that’s 4. (specific) made，slice the ndles int a pt f biling water.Accrding 5. the lcals，sme f the mst skilled chefs can slice up t 200 pieces f ndles a minute.At restaurants，custmers ften watch in amazement as 6. (talent) chefs perfrm a dance while making lamian，which means pulled ndles.The chefs swing the ndles arund with elegance as they stretch lnger and lnger，thinner and thinner befre finally 7. (land) int the pt fr biling.There is always thunderus applause fr 8. rutines.
In the city f Taiyuan，capital f Shanxi Prvince，any number f fine restaurants can 9. (find) serving up delicacies (美食) frm acrss the cuntry such as frm Sichuan and Hunan.But it is the Shanxi fd 10. really gets mst peple t have a big appetite.【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章介绍了山西的面食历史和特色。
1.dishes [考查名词的数。ne f后接名词复数形式。故填dishes。]2.dates [考查时态和主谓一致。设空处为谓语动词，陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为This dish，为单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填dates。]3.T make [考查非谓语动词。设空处为目的状语，应用动词不定式，设空处在句首，t的首字母大写。故填T make。]4.specifically [考查词性转换。修饰动词made应用副词specifically，意为“特意，专门地”，作状语。故填specifically。]5.t [考查介词。固定短语accrding t意为“据……所说”，作状语。设空处应用介词t。故填t。]
6.talented [考查词性转换。修饰名词chefs应用形容词talented，意为“有才能的，多才的”，作定语。故填talented。]7.landing [考查非谓语动词。介词befre后接动名词landing，作宾语。故填landing。]8.the [考查冠词。句意：表演的时候总是有雷鸣般的掌声。此处rutines指拉面的表演，为特指，应用定冠词the。故填the。]9.be fund [考查语态。情态动词can后接动词原形，find与逻辑主语any number f fine restaurants为被动关系，应用被动语态be fund。故填be fund。]10.that [考查强调句型。此处考查强调句型“It’s＋被强调部分＋that...”，设空处应用that。故填that。]