高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 5 First Aid课后练习题

这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 5 First Aid课后练习题，共13页。
【教材原句】
Yur skin acts as a barrier against disease, txins, and the sun’s rays. (教材P50)
【辨析】
三者都有“充当，担任”的意思，多数情况下可以换用，但有些微的区别。
act as 意思是“充当，担任，扮演，起作用”，后接人或物，一般可以与serve as和wrk as 换用，但act as作“扮演”时，一般不可换用。
serve as意思是“充当，担任，起作用”，后接人或物。
wrk as 意思是“充当，是….身份；做…..工作”，后一般接人，跟表示职业的名词居多。
【例句呈现】
Yu are ging t act as ur sle agent in Brazil.
你将要担任我方在巴西的总代理。
This kind f system can act as part f the perating system.
这种系统能充当操作系统的一部分。
Dust bags act as a filter and suctin will be reduced if they are t full
集尘袋起着过滤的作用，所集的灰尘太多时其吸附作用就会减小。
I asked my bss t act as a g-between.
我请我的老板当中间人。
Alchlic drinks act as a pisn t a child.
酒精饮料对小孩犹如毒药。
He vlunteered t serve as the manager f ur department stre.
他自荐当我们商场的经理。
America cannt indefinitely serve as the breadbasket fr the wrld
美国不可能无限期地作为世界的粮仓。
A grup f piers n a cmmercial waterfrnt that serve as a general landing area fr ships r bats.
作船只靠岸用的商业港口上的一组码头.
Trees give ff large quantities f water and serve as cling agents.
树木释放出大量的水分，可以起到降温的作用。
she was elected t serve as secretary f the lcal party.
她当选为地方党组织的书记。
After that, he mved t Seattle t wrk as an engineer with Being
之后他到西雅图为波音公司担任工程师
The Chinese accunt fr 461 and wrk mstly as translatrs r general service prviders.
其中中国人有461个，主要担任翻译或者提供一般性服务。
When she grws up, Millie wuld like t attend Penn State and then wrk as a detective in law enfrcement.
米莉长大后想要进入宾州大学，随后在执法部门担任侦探。
I wrk as a prgrammer in the sftware cmpany.
我在那间软件公司担任程式员。
【考点过关】
根据act as, serve as, wrk as.的用法填空
1. I was hired by the Persnnel Sectin and tld t ______ a secretary.
2. Nw, small twns in Suth India ______ ecnmic and cultural centers fr the surrunding villages.
3. In my summer hlidays, I used t _______ a part-time interpreter in several freign cmpanies.
4. But the 24-year-ld Harry Ptter star was attending a very different type f pht call as she cntinued t ______ a UN Gdwill Ambassadr.
5. I agree t _______ chairman f the meeting.
6. Let these wrds f mine ________ a warning t yu.
7. Every Christmas I used t _______ a temprary pstman in my village, helping t deliver the seasnal avalanche f parcels and greeting cards.
8. The table used t ______ a htel desk.
9. My mm can ________ a guard.
10. Tm will _______ the chief actr in the film.
11. The large bx can _______ serve as a desk t.
12. I’ll ______ assistant editr n a trade jurnal in the fd field, where my tasks included a great deal f interviewing and persnal cntact with members f the industry.
13. A trained dg can _______ a guide t a blind persn.
14. But a typewriter was t limited t _______ a mdel.
15. I'll ________ interpreter.
【参考答案】
1. wrk as/act as/serve as; 2. act as/serve as; 3. wrk as/act as/serve as; 4. wrk as/act as/serve as; 5. wrk as/act as/serve as; 6. serve as/act as; 7. wrk as/act as/serve as; 8. act as/serve as; 9. wrk as/act as/serve as; 10. act as; 12. wrk as/serve as/act as; 13. act as/wrk as/serve as; 14. serve as/act as; 15. wrk as/act as/serve as
●t much; much t
【教材原句】
It als helps cntrl yur bdy temperature, prevents yur bdy frm lsing t much water, warns yu when things are t ht r cld, and gives yu yur sense f tuch. (教材P50)
【辨析】
两者意思和用法均不相同。
t much意思是"太多….."，中心词是much，t用来修饰much，加强语气，是much的强化语，与much 用法相同，放在名词前面，用来修饰不可数名词。另外，t much也可做代词，单独使用，做宾语、主语或表语。
温馨提示：结构 be t much fr…..意思是“对……来说太…..；非……力所能及”。
much t意思是"太…."，中心词是t，much用来修饰t，加强语气，是t的强化语，与t的用法相同，都放在形容词或副词的前面，用来修饰形容词或副词。
【例句呈现】
I've gt far t much t d.
我要做的事情太多了。
Using t much water culd spread the stain.
用水太多可能使污迹扩散。
I think the prblem can be gt ver withut t much difficulty.
我认为这个问题不太难解决。
Dn't use t much f it ─ it cst a lt f mney.
这东西很贵，不要用得太多。
I hpe the children weren't t much truble.
我希望这些孩子没有太烦人。
Eating t much sugar can lead t health prblems.
食用过多的糖会引起健康问题。
Obviusly, we dn't want t spend t much mney.
很明显，我们不想花太多的钱。
The ther ne was much t expensive.
另一个太贵了。
He started wrking hard much t late in the day ─ he culdn't pssibly catch up.
他开始努力工作已为时太晚——不可能赶上了。
Yu'll never marry her ─ she's much t gd fr yu.
你永远娶不到她——她对你来说高不可攀。
The clthes she wears are much t yung fr her.
她穿的衣服显得过于年轻了。
He takes bends much t fast.
他拐弯时车开得太快。
These shes are much t tight.
这双鞋太紧了。
English students are frced t learn t much t sn.
英国学生被迫在极短的时间内学习太多的东西。
【考点过关】
用t much和much t填空
1. _______ was happening all at nce．
2. The huse was priced __________ high.
3. Yu have given me ________.
4. He was driving __________ fast.
5. This cake is ________ sweet.
6. There's _______ water.
7. Yu are ________ kind t me.
8. This ne is ________ big.
9. Dn't drink ________ wine. It is harmful t yur health.
10. This kind f cmputer is _______ expensive.
11. She's afraid the trip will be ________ fr me．
12. He is _______ busy t see visitrs.
13. His parents' expectatin was _______ fr him.
14. The cat I bught yesterday was ________ large.
15. Americans eat _______ meat in my pinin.
【参考答案】
T much; 2. much t; 3. t much; 4. much t; 5. much t; 6. t much; 7.
much t; 8. much t; 9. t much; 10. much t; 11. t much; 12. much t; 13. t much; 14. much t; 15. t much
●lead t; cause (vt)
【教材原句】
As yu can imagine, getting burnt can lead t very serius injuries. (教材P50.)
Examples include mild sunburn and burns caused by ther minr husehld incidents. (教材P50)
These burns cause very severe internal injuries and the victim must g t the hspital at nce. (教材P50)
【辨析】
两者都有“导致，引起”的意思，在这种意思前提下，一般可以互换，但是在其它意思上有一定区别。
lead t …. 意思是“导致，引起；通向”，导致的后果可好可坏也可以是中性的，t 是介词，后面一般接名词。
温馨提示：
= 1 \* GB3 ①lead sb./sth. t d sth. 引起某人/某物做某事
= 2 \* GB3 ②lead sb./sth. t/int + 地点 把某人/某物领到某地/进入某地
cause 意思是“导致，引起”，一般导致的是坏的结果。也可以构成词组cause sb./sth. t d sth. 意思是“引起/导致某人或某物做某事”。
温馨提示：指坏的结果时，两者可以互换；做“通向” 讲时，不可互换。
【例句呈现】
He has warned that the serius rifts within the cuntry culd lead t civil war.
他已经发出了警告，国家内部严重的不和可能会引发内战。
Straining t lift heavy weights can lead t a rise in bld pressure.
用力提重物会导致血压升高。
He agreed that these plicies will lead t gridlck in the future.
他认为这些政策将来会导致僵局。
Tampering with a single enzyme can lead t untward effects elsewhere.
破坏一种酶可能会导致在别处出现异常。
There are recgnized black spts in marriages which can lead t truble
婚姻中有一些公认的容易引发问题的雷区。
S head nrthwest until yu find a river which shuld lead t the cast.
一直向西北方向走，直到你发现一条小河，这条小河通向海岸。
Repairs and imprvements can lead t higher rental rates.
修缮后可以提高租价。
Fire has caused severe damage t the cntents f the building.
大火导致那栋大楼里的东西严重损毁。
A cmbinatin f internal and external factrs caused the cmpany t clse dwn.
内外因结合导致了公司的倒闭。
The drug may cause an aggravatin f the cnditin.
这种药可能导致病情恶化。
The disease can cause sterility in men and wmen.
这种疾病可能导致男女不育。
Heavy snw has caused ttal chas n the rads.
大雪导致道路上交通一片混乱。
Anxiety can be caused by lack f sleep.
睡眠不足可能导致焦虑。
Researchers are still trying t islate the gene that causes this abnrmality.
研究人员仍然在试图分离导致这种畸形的基因。
【考点过关】
根据lead t和cause的用法, 用其适当形式填空
1. A faulty cnnectin _______ the machine t stp that day.
2. If yu string these experiences tgether, yu can find a new life rad will ______ yur future.
3. The pr harvest ________ prices t rise sharply during thse days.
4. He still believed that hnesty and industry wuld ______ success.
5. Vitamin deficiency in the diet can ________ illness.
6. Excuse me, des this rad _______ the railway statin?
7. Heavy seas can _______ cancellatin f ferry services.
8. There were fears that privatizatin wuld _______ jb lsses.
9. Defeat culd _______ ne side t escalate the cnflict.
10. Abuse can _______ bth psychlgical and emtinal prblems.
11. Strng cffee r tea late at night may _______ sleeplessness
12. A pr diet will ultimately ________ illness.
13. Generally, a lack f magnesium _______ muscles t g int spasm.
14. Excessive drinking can ________ stmach disrders.
15. In its present frm, the law culd _______ new injustices.
【参考答案】
1. caused; 2. lead t; 3. caused; 4. lead t; 5. lead t/cause; 6. lead t; 7. lead t/cause; 8. cause/lead t; 9. cause; 10. cause/lead t; 11. lead t/cause; 12. cause/lead t; 13. causes; 14. cause/lead t; 15. cause/lead t
●depend n/upn; rely n/upn
【教材原句】
Burns are divided int three types, depending n the depth f skin damage. (教材P50)
【辨析】
两者都是“依靠，依赖”的意思，但用法上某些时候有区别。
depend 表示“依靠，依赖，信赖”， 常构成词组depend n/upn，表
示“指望，取决于，由……决定”。在交际用语中，要表示“那得看情况或视情况而定”时，一般只用depend, 不用rely, 即It/ That (all) depends.那得看情况。
rely 常构成词组rely n/upn，表示“取决于，由…决定”。
温馨提示：
= 1 \* GB3 ①depend n/upn sb./sth. t d sth. = rely n/upn sb./sth t d sth.
依赖/依靠/指望….做某事
= 2 \* GB3 ②depend n/upn sb./sth. ding sth. = rely n/upn sb./sth ding sth.
依赖/依靠/指望….做某事
= 3 \* GB3 ③depend n/upn…. fr….= rely n/upn…. fr….
依靠….来….
【例句呈现】
We depend n energy t d many things in ur daily lives.
在日常生活中，我们做很多事都离不开能源。
If ur parents d everything fr us children, we wn’t learn t depend n urselves.
如果父母替我们这些孩子做所有的事情，我们就学不会独立。
We depend n him finishing the jb this weekend.
我们指望他这个周末能完成工作。
Depend upn it. We shall slve the prblem at last.
请相信，我们最终会解决这个问题。
Yu can depend n Jane - she always keeps her prmises.
你可以信赖简，她总是信守诺言。
The future f space research depends n hw much mney we have.
太空研究的未来取决于我们的经济实力。
The jurney takes abut tw hurs, depending n traffic.
旅途大约需要两小时，这取决于交通状况
-- Hw lng are yu staying? 你会待多久?
-- I dn't nw. It depends. 我不知道，那得看情况，
I rely n yu fr gd advice.
我靠你来给我好建议。
The wise will nt rely n medicine fr keeping their health.
明智的人不依赖药物来保持健康。
These days, we rely heavily n cmputers t rganize ur wrk.
现在，我们在很大程度上依赖电脑来安排工作。
Yu may rely n him cming n time.
你放心，他肯定会按时来的。
【考点过关】
用depend或rely 填空
1. -- What are yu ging t d this weekend?
-- It ______. If time permits, I may g t Shanghai with my friends.
2. Dn't always ask thers t help yu. Yu shuld learn t _______ n yurself
3. All living things ________ n the sun fr their grwth.
4. Did yu still ________ n yur parents?
5. Everything _______ n the weather tmrrw.
6. Children _______ n their parents fr fd and clthing.
7. It all _____ n whether she likes the bss r nt.
8. His success ______ chiefly n himself．
9. Whether the game will be played ______ n the weather．
10. The develpment f things ______ fundamentally n internal causes．
【参考答案】
1. depends; 2. depend/rely; 3. depend/rely; 4. depend/rely; 5. depends/relies; 6. depend/rely; 7. depends/relies; 8. depends/relies; 9. depends/relies;10. depends/relies
●especially; specially
【教材原句】
Place burns under cl running water, especially within the first ten minutes. (教材P51)
【辨析】
两者词形相似，但意义和用法不同。
especially副词，意思是 “尤其；特别；格外地”，往往用来对前面所述情况进行说明或补充，不强调目的性，只强调超乎寻常，通常用来修饰名词、形容词、副词、介词短语或者是句子。
specially副词，意思是“专门地；特意地；特别地”，强调目的的唯一性，暗含“，只是为了…而不为别的”。一般修饰动词或介词短语。
温馨提示：especially和specially一般不换用，但是especially可以和particularly通用。
【例句呈现】
We are especially encuraged by the strng representatin, this year, f wmen in infrmatin technlgy disciplines
今年，女性在信息技术领域的突出表现尤其让我们备受鼓舞。
She was especially fnd f a little girl named Betsy.
她尤其偏爱一个名叫贝齐的小女孩。
Millins f wild flwers clr the valleys, especially in April and May
尤其是在四五月份，不计其数的野花盛开，山谷里一片绚烂色彩。
Under all the inncent fun, there are hidden dangers, especially fr children
在所有简单无害的娱乐项目背后都隐藏着危险，特别是对儿童而言。
Re-apply sunscreen every tw hurs, especially if yu have been swimming.
每两个小时重新涂一次防晒油，尤其是在游泳的时候。
The cmmittee is cncerned abut players' behavir, especially arguing with referees
委员会很关注运动员的行为，特别是与裁判争吵的行为。
Many wmen, especially as they get lder, develp lumpy veins in their legs.
许多妇女，尤其是年纪大了以后，腿上会现出疙疙瘩瘩的青筋。
The ring was specially made fr her.
这枚戒指是为她订做的。
Mst f these tls have been specially adapted fr use by disabled peple.
这些工具多数已经过特别改装，供残疾人使用。
The play was written specially fr radi.
这出戏是专为无线电广播而写的。
The cmpst is specially frmulated fr pt plants.
此混合肥料专门用于盆栽植物。
They thught he had escaped thrugh a specially cnstructed tunnel.
他们认为他是通过一条专门修建的地道逃跑的。
Patrick needs t use specially adapted cmputer equipment
帕特里克需要使用专门改装过的计算机设备。
We came specially t learn frm yu.
我们是特地来向您学习的。
【考点过关】
1. I made this _______ fr yur birthday.
2. Their main exprts are textiles, _______ silk and cttn.
3. She came t Lndn ________ t see Buckingham Palace.
4. We are nt _______ interested in watching mvies.
5. Yu can brrw my laptp fr yu exam, and yu dn’t need t buy ne ______.
6. She was _______ fnd f cllecting stamps.
7. The smart-phne is ________ designed fr sftware prfessinals.
8. It’s __________ ht tday.
9. Patrick needs t use _______ adapted cmputer equipment.
10. Millins f wild flwers clr the valleys, ________ in April and May.
11. He came here _________ t say srry t her.
12. He likes all subjects, _________ English.
13. He returned t her hmetwn _________ t see her sick mther
14. These bks will be __________ helpful t thse wh wish t imprve their English.
15. I came here __________ t ask fr yur advice.
16. The Great Wall had been added t, __________ during the Ming Dynasty.
【参考答案】
1. specially; 2. especially; 3. specially; 4. especially; 5. specially; 6. especially; 7. specially; 8. especially; 9. specially; 10. especially; 11. specially; 12. especially; 13. specially; 14. especially; 15. specially; 16. especially
●interrupt；disturb
【教材原句】
Chen Wei, a high schl student in Beijing, had his dinner interrupted when he heard smene screaming frm anther table. (教材P56)
【辨析】
两者都有“打扰”的意思，偶尔可互换，但是在意义上有很大区别。
interrupt 意思是“插嘴；打扰；打岔；使暂停；使中断；阻断，遮挡；打断(某人)”，强调客观上打断或打断别人的交谈，或者是正在进行的事情。
disturb意思是“打扰；干扰；妨碍;搅乱；弄乱；搞乱;使焦虑；使不安；使烦恼;扰乱治安”，侧重指别人在专心做某件事情，或者是在休息的时候，去打扰了对方,引起对方反感，从而使人产生精神层面的烦恼或焦虑。
【例句呈现】
T many examples can interrupt the smth flw f the text.
例子太多会使行文不流畅。
I can't stand peple interrupting all the time.
我不能容忍老有人打岔。
Wuld yu mind nt interrupting all the time?
请你别老是插嘴好吗？
The game was interrupted several times by rain.
比赛因下雨中断了几次。
Srry t interrupt, but there's smene t see yu.
对不起打扰一下，有人要见你。
We interrupt this prgram t bring yu an imprtant news bulletin.
我们暂停本节目，插播重要新闻。
Yu've interrupted my flw ─ I can't remember what I was saying.
你打断了我的话——我记不得我在说什么了。
If yu get up early, try nt t disturb everyne else.
如果你起得早，尽量不要打扰别人。
He knew an intimate little bar where they wuld nt be disturbed.
他知道一处适合幽会的小酒吧，他们在那里不会受到打扰。
His wife's death disturbed the balance f his mind.
妻子的离世使他心神不宁。
She was in a disturbed state f mind.
她的脑子里一片混乱。
It disturbed her t realize that she was alne.
她意识到自己孤单一人，心里感到很不安。
Turists ften disturb the delicate balance f nature n the island.
观光客常常破坏岛上微妙的自然生态平衡。
I didn't like t disturb yu.
我本不愿打搅你。
【考点训练】
用interrupt和disturb的适当形式填空
1. When we were talking, he ften _______ the cnversatin.
2. Dn’t _______ her because she is very busy.
3. His speech was cnstantly _______ by applause.
4. I'll see my patient nw and we expect nt t ________.
5. I was just ging t tell yu when yu _______.
6. It is nt plite ________ when smene is talking.
7. Please cntinue ─ I didn't mean _______.
8. Dn’t ________ me while I am writing.
9. The phne ringing ________ my train f thught.
10. My sister always _______ me when I study.
11. Frgive my ________ but I really dn't agree with that.
12. Please d nt ________ us when we are wrking.
13. He jacked in the earphne s that he wuld nt _______ thers.
14. The manager will be angry if yu ______ him when he's in cnference.
15. It will ________ yur nrmal mind.
【参考答案】
1. interrupted; 2. disturb; 3. interrupted; 4. be disturbed; 5. interrupted; 6. t interrupt; 7. t interrupt; 8. interrupt/disturb; 9. Interrupted; 10. disturbs; 11. interrupting; 12. interrupt/disturb; 13. disturb; 14. disturb; 15. disturb