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人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 4 Natural disasters课后作业题
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这是一份人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 4 Natural disasters课后作业题，共10页。试卷主要包含了单句语法填空，单句改错，阅读理解，七选五阅读，完形填空，短文改错，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
1. Li Ming, gt married last year, is t g abrad sn.
2. There is a net bar arund here, I remember.
3. Then he met Mary, invited him t a party.
4. Sme experts think reading is the fundamental skill upn schl educatin depends.
5. The factry we visited last mnth has been rebuilt.
6. Hw can I frget the day I first saw him?
7. The number f smkers, is reprted, has drpped by 17 percent in just ne year.
8. The first bk he lent me was written by Mark Twain.
9. It is certain that Mr. Black will supprt yur plan, fr he always agrees whatever yu say.
10. This kind f new machine is trial befre they are put int the market.
【答案】1.wh 2.as 3.wh 4.which 5.that /which
6.when 7.as 8.that 9. with 10. n
二、单句改错。
1. Even thugh sme f my classmates have failed in several exams , they have never lst hearts.
2. The bks n the desk, cvers f which are shiny, are prizes fr us.
3. Bad habits are nt easy t be remve, fr it needs yur determinatin.
4. Mr. Green made up his mind t devte all he had t help thse in need.
5. It is bvius that he is nt equal in the jb.
6. This is my pair f glasses, withut them I can't see clearly.
7. They gave mney t the ld peple's hme either persnal r thrugh their cmpanies.
8. Only by practicing a few hurs every day yu be able t master English.
9. The year 1949 sees the fundatin f the Peple's Republic f China.
10. Nw we are in a psitin that we have t accept we are wrng.
【答案】
hearts — heart
2. cvers前加the
3. 删掉be
4. help —helping
5. in —t
6. them—which
7. persnal —persnally
8. yu前加will
9. sees —saw
10. that —where
三、根据汉语提示写出句中所缺单词的正确形式。
1. The ld cuple were at last (救援) by the lcal peple.
2. The spaceship was (破坏) because f a crash.
3. He was lucky enugh t survive in the accident, wh was the (幸免).
4. Everywhere they lked, nearly everything was (毁灭).
5. The pr man starved t (死亡).
【答案】1.rescued 2.damaged 3.survivr 4.destryed 5.death
四、阅读理解。
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
If the crust (外壳) f the earth were nt pretty slid (坚固的), it wuld be shaking abut and mving up and dwn frequently. Hwever, there are places in the rcks f the earth's crust where it isn't strngly held tgether—where faults exist. Alng the faults, ne rck might push against anther with great frce. The energy is changed t vibratin in the rcks, s they begin t shake and we have an earthquake!
The mst famus ne in Nrth America was the San Francisc earthquake f 1906. Seven hundred peple died and prperty (财产) damage amunted t abut $425,000,000.The greatest destructin came frm the fires that fllwed the quake.
One f the mst famus earthquakes in Eurpe tk place in Lisbn, Prtugal, in 1755. The city was destryed and at least thirty thusand peple were killed. In 1908, in Calabria and Sicily, a quake killed abut seventyfive thusand peple. In 1915, in central Italy, hundreds f twns and villages were damaged and thirty thusand peple were killed.
Tw great earthquakes that caused great damage in Asia tk place in Tky, Japan, and in Gansu Prvince in China. The Tky quake f 1923 killed mre than ne hundred thusand peple and destryed the city and the city f Ykhama, t. The Chinese quake in 1920 cvered mre than three hundred square miles and killed abut tw hundred thusand peple.
1.The first paragraph mainly tells us ________.
A.where earthquakes happen B.hw earthquakes happen
C.the damage caused by earthquakes D.famus earthquakes in the wrld
2.The underlined wrd “vibratin” in the first paragraph prbably means “_______”.
A.shaking B.frce C.energy D.lsing
3.Which f the fllwing earthquakes killed the mst peple?
A.The San Francisc earthquake. B.The earthquake in Lisbn, Prtugal.
C.The earthquake in Calabria and Sicily. D.The earthquake in central Italy.
4.Accrding t the passage, we can learn that ________.
A.the earth's crust in Eurpe is weaker than that in ther places
B.there were 75,000 peple killed in the San Francisc earthquake
C.the city f Ykhama was nt greatly influenced by the Tky quake
D.the fires fllwing the San Francisc earthquake caused mre damage than the earthquake did
【语篇解读】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了地震起因及历史上几次大地震。
【答案解析】
1. B 查段落大意。通读第一段可知，本段介绍了地震的起因。故选B。
2. A 查词义猜测。一块岩石有可能用力挤压另一块岩石，地壳的能量发生了改变导致岩石晃动，于是地震发生了。vibratin意为“晃动”， 故选A。
3. C 查细节理解。根据第三段中的“…in Calabria and Sicily, a quake killed abut seventy-five thusand peple.”可知，故选C。
4. D 查细节理解。根据第二段中的“The greatest destructin came frm the fires that fllwed the quake.”可知，故选D。
五、七选五阅读。
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Flds are ne f the mst cmmn disasters in the US. Sme flds develp slwly. But flash flds(暴洪)can develp quickly, smetimes in just a few minutes and withut any signs f rain. ________ It carries rcks and can sweep away mst things in its path.
⒈If a fld is likely in yur area, yu shuld:
Listen t the radi r televisin fr infrmatin. If there is any pssibility f a flash fld, mve at nce t higher grund. ________
⒉If yu have time t prepare, yu shuld:
Make yur hme safe by bringing in utdr furniture. ________ D nt tuch any electrical equipment if yu are wet r standing in water.
⒊If yu have t leave yur hme right away, remember these tips:
D nt walk thrugh mving water. ________ If yu have t walk in water, walk where the water is nt mving. Use a stick t check the grund in frnt f yu.
________ If fldwaters rise arund yur car, give up the car and mve t higher grund if yu can d s safely. Otherwise yu and the car can be quickly swept away.
A. D nt drive int flded areas.
B. D nt wait fr instructins t mve.
C. Turn ff all pieces f electrical equipment.
D.20 cm f mving water can make yu fall.
E. Flds can cause death and lss f treasures.
F. Flash flds ften have a dangerus wall f water.
G. Mud left frm fldwater can cntain chemicals.
【语篇解读】
本文是一篇说明文。洪水是美国最常见的灾害之一。有些洪水发展缓慢。但是山洪会迅速发展，有时几分钟就会爆发，而且没有任何降雨的迹象。作者介绍洪水到来时应该采取的措施。
【答案解析】
1. F考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“It carries rcks and mud and can sweep away mst things in its path.”它携带着岩石和泥土，可以扫除路上的大部分东西。可知洪水有一堵危险的水墙。故案选F。
2. B考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“mve immediately t higher grund. ”立即移到高处。”可知不要等着指令。故选B。
3. C考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“D nt tuch any electrical equipment if yu are wet r standing in water.”如果你是湿的或站在水里，不要触摸任何电器。可知是关掉所有的电器。故选C。
4. D考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“D nt walk thrugh mving water. ”不要在流动的水中行走。可知水里走是很危险的，六英寸的流动的水会让你跌倒。故选D。
5. A考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“If fld water rises arund yur car, give up the car and mve t higher grund ”如果洪水在你的车周围上涨，放弃你的车，搬到更高的地方。可知是不要开车去洪水区。故选A。
六、完形填空。
阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One night many years ag I was n the bridge f a ship passing ne f ur large cities n a quiet night. I saw its lights 1 in the sky and heard the city's nises.
I have spent twenty-five years n bats. Nw I am a 2 . My jb is t bring in the large luxury 3 and stay with them until they are safely stpped in their prts.
I felt very 4 the first time I ever dcked a big liner. She came 5 up the harbr n a fld tide and twered high ver the shrt little bat. As we drew alngside, a drway pened 6 at water level and tw smartly dressed sailrs helped me abard.
I was escrted t the bridge where I 7 frm the captain. I realized I was in 8 f a great ship wrth millins f dllars. Having dcked several f the large liners, I realized I was nt imprtant, 9 simply the quarterback wh called the signals.
In spite f 10 we read in the newspapers, I have great faith in this cuntry, praying that a peaceful understanding will cme t this 11 wrld, s that my children can grw up in a wrld full f happiness. I believe this will cme 12 .
I remember the understanding and 13 that tk ver this cuntry, back in 1949, when a little girl named Kathy Fiskus 14 int an ld well in Califrnia. Engineers and sandhgs and peple in all walks f life wrked almst three days, and when they gt her ut she was dead.
Peple sent in thusands f dllars in 15 funds, but thse wh did the wrk and 16 the equipment wuldn't take the mney. They wrked fr bigger things. I talked t captains f freign 17 that came int New Yrk Harbr, and they were just as 18 as we Americans ver the tragedy.
I believe sme 19 will be fund t wrk tgether fr wrld peace with the same sympathy and understanding that peple wrked t rescue little Kathy Fiskus. I believe Gd will 20 bring this abut.
【语篇解读】
本文作者通过回忆自己在涨潮时，成功带船只脱离危险的经历，以及众人齐心营救坠落废弃井中的小女孩Kathy Fiskus的故事，生动地刻画出了人与人之间的理解与同情心。作者相信，人们之间的这种同情和理解会让世界变得和平美好。
【答案解析】
1. B考查动词辨析。根据 I was n the bridge f a ship passing ne f ur large cities n a quiet night. 可知，作者当时在船上，根据常识，他应该是看到城市的灯光“反射”在天空中。故选B。
2. C考查名词辨析。ck厨师；designer设计师；pilt领航员；swimmer游泳运动员；根据下文内容知道，作者在一艘豪华游轮工作，他的任务是安全引船靠岸，可推测出作者身份是一个领航员。故选C。
3. A考查名词词义辨析。liners班轮；shps商店；htels旅馆；ffices办公室；根据空白处下一句“stay with them until they are safely stpped in their prts.”（呆在他们身边直到他们安全靠岸），由此可知liners（游轮）为正确选项。故选A。
4. D考查形容词辨析。interesting有趣；smart聪明的；lucky幸运的；prud自豪；根据“She came riding up the harbr n a fld tide and twered high ver the shrt little bat”以及下文可知，作者在涨潮时成功引领船只安全靠岸，作者由此感到自豪。故选D。
5. B考查cme的使用。“cme+现在分词”表示方式和伴随。cme drawing 拉过来；cme riding骑过来；cme walking走过来；cme running跑过来。结合语境可知，涨潮以后，船只在海浪上行驶，cme riding 生动地描写了这一动作，符合语境，故选B。
6. C考查副词使用。ften常常；never从不；almst几乎；hardly几乎不；结合语境可知，班轮的一个船舱进水几乎和海水齐平。故选C。
7. A考查短语。tk ver接管；picked up挑选；gt ut外出；brught in带来；结合语境，空白处说作者被护送到与船长接班的一座桥处，take ver frm“接班”，符合语境。故选A。
8. D考查短语搭配。结合语境作者意识到自己掌控着价值百万的游轮的生死，用in cntrl f（掌控）较为合理，故选D。
9. B考查副词。结合空白处语境可知，作者意识到自己并不重要，仅仅是一个发送信号的人。but作副词有“仅仅”的意思，故选B。
10. D考查宾语从句连接词。空白处句子为宾语从句，缺少谓语动词read的宾语，意为“无论我在报纸上读到什么”，要用what，故选D。
11. B考查形容词辨析。undiscvered未被发现的；unsettled动荡不安的；unplanned未经筹划的；unexpected出乎意料的；结合语境，作者坚信这个国家的和平与互相理解会来到这个不安宁的世界。故选B。
12. C考查短语搭配。结合语境，作者相信他的孩子能够生活在充满幸福、和平的世界，这一切将会到来。cme abut意为“产生，到来”。故选C。
13. B考查上下文推理。favr赞成；pity同情；belief信念；sense意识。由下文介绍小女孩落井后被众人救助的经历可知，人们互相理解和同情曾经充满了这个国度。故选B。
14. A考查短语搭配，结合上下文可知，小女孩掉进一口废旧的井中。fall int跌落；符合语境，故选A。
15. C考查语境推理。schl学校；business商业；rescue营救；lan贷款。结合语境，人们无偿劳动，免费提供设备来营救落井小女孩，所以此处为“营救基金”。故选C。
16.C考查动词辨析。prduced生产；transprted运输；furnished供应；suppsed支持。结合语境，此处应该是人们无偿提供设备营救落井小女孩。故选C。
17. C考查语境推理。buses巴士；planes飞机；ships船；trains火车。结合语境，作者将此事告诉给进入纽约港的外国船长，ship符合语境，故选C。
18. D考查形容词辨析。wrried担心的；satisfied满意的；amazed惊奇的；cncerned关心的。结合语境，作者把此事告诉了进入纽约港的船长，他们和美国人一样关系这个美国悲剧。故选D。
19. D考查名词辨析。结合语境，作者认为如果大家都带着互相理解和同情心，就像救助那个落井的小女孩一样，我们就能找到世界和平的方法。用way符合语境，故选D。
20. A考查副词。smeday某一天；frever永远；nwhere无处不；therefre因此。结合语境，作者相信这一切将会在某天到来。故选A。
七、短文改错。
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。
文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线( \ )划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:
1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
As is reprted that 7 billinth baby was brn in Octber 31st, 2011. Hwever, peple dn't seem t be happier abut the news. The earth had becme t crwed. Peple are suffering frm varius prblems such as lack fr resurces, pverty, starvatin and s n. Great damage has been causing t earth as human beings struggle fr mre living space.
I am wrried the future f ur planet. I hpe all the cuntry cperate and take measures t prevent the ppulatin frm grwing t fast. Besides, peple shuld use natural resurces mre effective. After all, we have the nly ne earth.
【语篇解读】
本文是一篇新闻报道。据报道，2011年10月31日诞生了第70亿名婴儿。然而，人们似乎对这个消息并不高兴。人们正遭受着各种各样的问题，如缺乏资源、贫困、饥饿等等。作者希望所有国家合作，采取措施防止人口过快增长。毕竟，我们只有一个地球。
【答案解析】
1. As—It考查代词。句意：据报道，2011年10月31日诞生了第70亿名婴儿。it is reprted that---固定句式，“据报道”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句，故As 改为It。
2. in—n考查介词。句意：据报道，2011年10月31日诞生了第70亿名婴儿。在某年某月某日，也就是在某日时要用介词n，故in 改为n。
3. happier—happy考查形容词。句意：然而，人们似乎对这个消息并不高兴。这里没有比较对象，不能用比较级，应该用形容词的原级，故happier 改为happy。
4. had—has考查时态。句意：地球已经变得太拥挤了。结合句意可知句子应该用现在完成时态，故had 改为has。
5. fr—f考查介词。句意：人们正遭受着各种各样的问题，如缺乏资源、贫困、饥饿等等。a lack f...“，固定短语，“的缺乏”，故fr 改为f。
6. causing—caused考查语态。句意：随着人类争夺更多的生存空间，对地球造成了巨大的破坏。此处cause“引起”是及物动词，和句子主语damage之间是一种被动关系，结合句意可知这里用现在完成时态的被动语态，故causing 改为caused。
7. wrried后面加abut考查介词。句意：我担心我们星球的未来。be wrried abut固定短语，“对担忧”，故在wrried后面加abut。
8. cuntry—cuntries考查名词。句意：我希望所有国家合作，采取措施防止人口过快增长。根据all可知后面的名词用复数形式，故cuntry 改为cuntries。
9. effective—effectively考查副词。句意：此外，人们应该更有效地利用自然资源。此处是副词修饰动词，故effective改为effectively。
10. 去掉the考查冠词。句意：毕竟，我们只有一个地球。此处nly“仅仅，只有”，是副词，结合句意可知去掉the。
八、书面表达。
假定你是李华，准备参加学校举办主题为“Hw t prtect urselves in the schl?”的英语征文比赛。请按要求写一篇短文，主要内容包括：在学校发生地震或火灾时，我们该如何保护自己？
1.只选其中一种突发灾害阐述自己的观点；
2.要求至少写出三点措施；
3.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Life is nt easy. As a student, we shuld learn hw t prtect urselves in the schl.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One pssible versin:
Life is nt easy. As a student, we shuld learn hw t prtect urselves in the schl.
When an earthquake happens, first we shuld calm dwn, which is the mst imprtant. Fllw the teachers' rders and keep ur actins in rder. Secnd, hide beneath ur desks with the schlbags n ur heads if we are in class. Be sure nt t jump ff the building. Third, if we are n the playgrund, d nt mve. Sit n ur feet and use hands t cver ur heads s that they can be kept frm being hit n. At last, help each ther.
These are my suggestins. Keep them in mind and maybe sme day we can survive in case f an earthquake!
1. A. decrated
B. reflected
C. included
D. ccupied
2. A. ck
B. designer
C. pilt
D. swimmer
3. A. liners
B. shps
C. htels
D. ffices
4. A. interesting
B. smart
C. lucky
D. prud
5. A. drawing
B. riding
C. walking
D. running
6. A. ften
B. never
C. almst
D. hardly
7. A. tk ver
B. picked up
C. gt ut
D. brught in
8. A. place
B. need
C. search
D. cntrl
9. A. s
B. but
C. and
D. r
10. A. hw
B. where
C. which
D. what
11. A. undiscvered
B. unsettled
C. unplanned
D. unexpected
12. A. in
B. frm
C. abut
D. n
13. A. favr
B. pity
C. belief
D. sense
14. A. fell
B. waved
C. threw
D. hid
15. A. schl
B. business
C. rescue
D. lan
16. A. prduced
B. transprted
C. furnished
D. suppsed
17. A. buses
B. planes
C. ships
D. trains
18. A. wrried
B. satisfied
C. amazed
D. cncerned
19. A. time
B. rad
C. mney
D. way
20. A. smeday
B. frever
C. nwhere
D. therefre
1. Li Ming, gt married last year, is t g abrad sn.
2. There is a net bar arund here, I remember.
3. Then he met Mary, invited him t a party.
4. Sme experts think reading is the fundamental skill upn schl educatin depends.
5. The factry we visited last mnth has been rebuilt.
6. Hw can I frget the day I first saw him?
7. The number f smkers, is reprted, has drpped by 17 percent in just ne year.
8. The first bk he lent me was written by Mark Twain.
9. It is certain that Mr. Black will supprt yur plan, fr he always agrees whatever yu say.
10. This kind f new machine is trial befre they are put int the market.
【答案】1.wh 2.as 3.wh 4.which 5.that /which
6.when 7.as 8.that 9. with 10. n
二、单句改错。
1. Even thugh sme f my classmates have failed in several exams , they have never lst hearts.
2. The bks n the desk, cvers f which are shiny, are prizes fr us.
3. Bad habits are nt easy t be remve, fr it needs yur determinatin.
4. Mr. Green made up his mind t devte all he had t help thse in need.
5. It is bvius that he is nt equal in the jb.
6. This is my pair f glasses, withut them I can't see clearly.
7. They gave mney t the ld peple's hme either persnal r thrugh their cmpanies.
8. Only by practicing a few hurs every day yu be able t master English.
9. The year 1949 sees the fundatin f the Peple's Republic f China.
10. Nw we are in a psitin that we have t accept we are wrng.
【答案】
hearts — heart
2. cvers前加the
3. 删掉be
4. help —helping
5. in —t
6. them—which
7. persnal —persnally
8. yu前加will
9. sees —saw
10. that —where
三、根据汉语提示写出句中所缺单词的正确形式。
1. The ld cuple were at last (救援) by the lcal peple.
2. The spaceship was (破坏) because f a crash.
3. He was lucky enugh t survive in the accident, wh was the (幸免).
4. Everywhere they lked, nearly everything was (毁灭).
5. The pr man starved t (死亡).
【答案】1.rescued 2.damaged 3.survivr 4.destryed 5.death
四、阅读理解。
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
If the crust (外壳) f the earth were nt pretty slid (坚固的), it wuld be shaking abut and mving up and dwn frequently. Hwever, there are places in the rcks f the earth's crust where it isn't strngly held tgether—where faults exist. Alng the faults, ne rck might push against anther with great frce. The energy is changed t vibratin in the rcks, s they begin t shake and we have an earthquake!
The mst famus ne in Nrth America was the San Francisc earthquake f 1906. Seven hundred peple died and prperty (财产) damage amunted t abut $425,000,000.The greatest destructin came frm the fires that fllwed the quake.
One f the mst famus earthquakes in Eurpe tk place in Lisbn, Prtugal, in 1755. The city was destryed and at least thirty thusand peple were killed. In 1908, in Calabria and Sicily, a quake killed abut seventyfive thusand peple. In 1915, in central Italy, hundreds f twns and villages were damaged and thirty thusand peple were killed.
Tw great earthquakes that caused great damage in Asia tk place in Tky, Japan, and in Gansu Prvince in China. The Tky quake f 1923 killed mre than ne hundred thusand peple and destryed the city and the city f Ykhama, t. The Chinese quake in 1920 cvered mre than three hundred square miles and killed abut tw hundred thusand peple.
1.The first paragraph mainly tells us ________.
A.where earthquakes happen B.hw earthquakes happen
C.the damage caused by earthquakes D.famus earthquakes in the wrld
2.The underlined wrd “vibratin” in the first paragraph prbably means “_______”.
A.shaking B.frce C.energy D.lsing
3.Which f the fllwing earthquakes killed the mst peple?
A.The San Francisc earthquake. B.The earthquake in Lisbn, Prtugal.
C.The earthquake in Calabria and Sicily. D.The earthquake in central Italy.
4.Accrding t the passage, we can learn that ________.
A.the earth's crust in Eurpe is weaker than that in ther places
B.there were 75,000 peple killed in the San Francisc earthquake
C.the city f Ykhama was nt greatly influenced by the Tky quake
D.the fires fllwing the San Francisc earthquake caused mre damage than the earthquake did
【语篇解读】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了地震起因及历史上几次大地震。
【答案解析】
1. B 查段落大意。通读第一段可知，本段介绍了地震的起因。故选B。
2. A 查词义猜测。一块岩石有可能用力挤压另一块岩石，地壳的能量发生了改变导致岩石晃动，于是地震发生了。vibratin意为“晃动”， 故选A。
3. C 查细节理解。根据第三段中的“…in Calabria and Sicily, a quake killed abut seventy-five thusand peple.”可知，故选C。
4. D 查细节理解。根据第二段中的“The greatest destructin came frm the fires that fllwed the quake.”可知，故选D。
五、七选五阅读。
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Flds are ne f the mst cmmn disasters in the US. Sme flds develp slwly. But flash flds(暴洪)can develp quickly, smetimes in just a few minutes and withut any signs f rain. ________ It carries rcks and can sweep away mst things in its path.
⒈If a fld is likely in yur area, yu shuld:
Listen t the radi r televisin fr infrmatin. If there is any pssibility f a flash fld, mve at nce t higher grund. ________
⒉If yu have time t prepare, yu shuld:
Make yur hme safe by bringing in utdr furniture. ________ D nt tuch any electrical equipment if yu are wet r standing in water.
⒊If yu have t leave yur hme right away, remember these tips:
D nt walk thrugh mving water. ________ If yu have t walk in water, walk where the water is nt mving. Use a stick t check the grund in frnt f yu.
________ If fldwaters rise arund yur car, give up the car and mve t higher grund if yu can d s safely. Otherwise yu and the car can be quickly swept away.
A. D nt drive int flded areas.
B. D nt wait fr instructins t mve.
C. Turn ff all pieces f electrical equipment.
D.20 cm f mving water can make yu fall.
E. Flds can cause death and lss f treasures.
F. Flash flds ften have a dangerus wall f water.
G. Mud left frm fldwater can cntain chemicals.
【语篇解读】
本文是一篇说明文。洪水是美国最常见的灾害之一。有些洪水发展缓慢。但是山洪会迅速发展，有时几分钟就会爆发，而且没有任何降雨的迹象。作者介绍洪水到来时应该采取的措施。
【答案解析】
1. F考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“It carries rcks and mud and can sweep away mst things in its path.”它携带着岩石和泥土，可以扫除路上的大部分东西。可知洪水有一堵危险的水墙。故案选F。
2. B考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“mve immediately t higher grund. ”立即移到高处。”可知不要等着指令。故选B。
3. C考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“D nt tuch any electrical equipment if yu are wet r standing in water.”如果你是湿的或站在水里，不要触摸任何电器。可知是关掉所有的电器。故选C。
4. D考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空前“D nt walk thrugh mving water. ”不要在流动的水中行走。可知水里走是很危险的，六英寸的流动的水会让你跌倒。故选D。
5. A考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据空后“If fld water rises arund yur car, give up the car and mve t higher grund ”如果洪水在你的车周围上涨，放弃你的车，搬到更高的地方。可知是不要开车去洪水区。故选A。
六、完形填空。
阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One night many years ag I was n the bridge f a ship passing ne f ur large cities n a quiet night. I saw its lights 1 in the sky and heard the city's nises.
I have spent twenty-five years n bats. Nw I am a 2 . My jb is t bring in the large luxury 3 and stay with them until they are safely stpped in their prts.
I felt very 4 the first time I ever dcked a big liner. She came 5 up the harbr n a fld tide and twered high ver the shrt little bat. As we drew alngside, a drway pened 6 at water level and tw smartly dressed sailrs helped me abard.
I was escrted t the bridge where I 7 frm the captain. I realized I was in 8 f a great ship wrth millins f dllars. Having dcked several f the large liners, I realized I was nt imprtant, 9 simply the quarterback wh called the signals.
In spite f 10 we read in the newspapers, I have great faith in this cuntry, praying that a peaceful understanding will cme t this 11 wrld, s that my children can grw up in a wrld full f happiness. I believe this will cme 12 .
I remember the understanding and 13 that tk ver this cuntry, back in 1949, when a little girl named Kathy Fiskus 14 int an ld well in Califrnia. Engineers and sandhgs and peple in all walks f life wrked almst three days, and when they gt her ut she was dead.
Peple sent in thusands f dllars in 15 funds, but thse wh did the wrk and 16 the equipment wuldn't take the mney. They wrked fr bigger things. I talked t captains f freign 17 that came int New Yrk Harbr, and they were just as 18 as we Americans ver the tragedy.
I believe sme 19 will be fund t wrk tgether fr wrld peace with the same sympathy and understanding that peple wrked t rescue little Kathy Fiskus. I believe Gd will 20 bring this abut.
【语篇解读】
本文作者通过回忆自己在涨潮时，成功带船只脱离危险的经历，以及众人齐心营救坠落废弃井中的小女孩Kathy Fiskus的故事，生动地刻画出了人与人之间的理解与同情心。作者相信，人们之间的这种同情和理解会让世界变得和平美好。
【答案解析】
1. B考查动词辨析。根据 I was n the bridge f a ship passing ne f ur large cities n a quiet night. 可知，作者当时在船上，根据常识，他应该是看到城市的灯光“反射”在天空中。故选B。
2. C考查名词辨析。ck厨师；designer设计师；pilt领航员；swimmer游泳运动员；根据下文内容知道，作者在一艘豪华游轮工作，他的任务是安全引船靠岸，可推测出作者身份是一个领航员。故选C。
3. A考查名词词义辨析。liners班轮；shps商店；htels旅馆；ffices办公室；根据空白处下一句“stay with them until they are safely stpped in their prts.”（呆在他们身边直到他们安全靠岸），由此可知liners（游轮）为正确选项。故选A。
4. D考查形容词辨析。interesting有趣；smart聪明的；lucky幸运的；prud自豪；根据“She came riding up the harbr n a fld tide and twered high ver the shrt little bat”以及下文可知，作者在涨潮时成功引领船只安全靠岸，作者由此感到自豪。故选D。
5. B考查cme的使用。“cme+现在分词”表示方式和伴随。cme drawing 拉过来；cme riding骑过来；cme walking走过来；cme running跑过来。结合语境可知，涨潮以后，船只在海浪上行驶，cme riding 生动地描写了这一动作，符合语境，故选B。
6. C考查副词使用。ften常常；never从不；almst几乎；hardly几乎不；结合语境可知，班轮的一个船舱进水几乎和海水齐平。故选C。
7. A考查短语。tk ver接管；picked up挑选；gt ut外出；brught in带来；结合语境，空白处说作者被护送到与船长接班的一座桥处，take ver frm“接班”，符合语境。故选A。
8. D考查短语搭配。结合语境作者意识到自己掌控着价值百万的游轮的生死，用in cntrl f（掌控）较为合理，故选D。
9. B考查副词。结合空白处语境可知，作者意识到自己并不重要，仅仅是一个发送信号的人。but作副词有“仅仅”的意思，故选B。
10. D考查宾语从句连接词。空白处句子为宾语从句，缺少谓语动词read的宾语，意为“无论我在报纸上读到什么”，要用what，故选D。
11. B考查形容词辨析。undiscvered未被发现的；unsettled动荡不安的；unplanned未经筹划的；unexpected出乎意料的；结合语境，作者坚信这个国家的和平与互相理解会来到这个不安宁的世界。故选B。
12. C考查短语搭配。结合语境，作者相信他的孩子能够生活在充满幸福、和平的世界，这一切将会到来。cme abut意为“产生，到来”。故选C。
13. B考查上下文推理。favr赞成；pity同情；belief信念；sense意识。由下文介绍小女孩落井后被众人救助的经历可知，人们互相理解和同情曾经充满了这个国度。故选B。
14. A考查短语搭配，结合上下文可知，小女孩掉进一口废旧的井中。fall int跌落；符合语境，故选A。
15. C考查语境推理。schl学校；business商业；rescue营救；lan贷款。结合语境，人们无偿劳动，免费提供设备来营救落井小女孩，所以此处为“营救基金”。故选C。
16.C考查动词辨析。prduced生产；transprted运输；furnished供应；suppsed支持。结合语境，此处应该是人们无偿提供设备营救落井小女孩。故选C。
17. C考查语境推理。buses巴士；planes飞机；ships船；trains火车。结合语境，作者将此事告诉给进入纽约港的外国船长，ship符合语境，故选C。
18. D考查形容词辨析。wrried担心的；satisfied满意的；amazed惊奇的；cncerned关心的。结合语境，作者把此事告诉了进入纽约港的船长，他们和美国人一样关系这个美国悲剧。故选D。
19. D考查名词辨析。结合语境，作者认为如果大家都带着互相理解和同情心，就像救助那个落井的小女孩一样，我们就能找到世界和平的方法。用way符合语境，故选D。
20. A考查副词。smeday某一天；frever永远；nwhere无处不；therefre因此。结合语境，作者相信这一切将会在某天到来。故选A。
七、短文改错。
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。
文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线( \ )划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:
1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
As is reprted that 7 billinth baby was brn in Octber 31st, 2011. Hwever, peple dn't seem t be happier abut the news. The earth had becme t crwed. Peple are suffering frm varius prblems such as lack fr resurces, pverty, starvatin and s n. Great damage has been causing t earth as human beings struggle fr mre living space.
I am wrried the future f ur planet. I hpe all the cuntry cperate and take measures t prevent the ppulatin frm grwing t fast. Besides, peple shuld use natural resurces mre effective. After all, we have the nly ne earth.
【语篇解读】
本文是一篇新闻报道。据报道，2011年10月31日诞生了第70亿名婴儿。然而，人们似乎对这个消息并不高兴。人们正遭受着各种各样的问题，如缺乏资源、贫困、饥饿等等。作者希望所有国家合作，采取措施防止人口过快增长。毕竟，我们只有一个地球。
【答案解析】
1. As—It考查代词。句意：据报道，2011年10月31日诞生了第70亿名婴儿。it is reprted that---固定句式，“据报道”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句，故As 改为It。
2. in—n考查介词。句意：据报道，2011年10月31日诞生了第70亿名婴儿。在某年某月某日，也就是在某日时要用介词n，故in 改为n。
3. happier—happy考查形容词。句意：然而，人们似乎对这个消息并不高兴。这里没有比较对象，不能用比较级，应该用形容词的原级，故happier 改为happy。
4. had—has考查时态。句意：地球已经变得太拥挤了。结合句意可知句子应该用现在完成时态，故had 改为has。
5. fr—f考查介词。句意：人们正遭受着各种各样的问题，如缺乏资源、贫困、饥饿等等。a lack f...“，固定短语，“的缺乏”，故fr 改为f。
6. causing—caused考查语态。句意：随着人类争夺更多的生存空间，对地球造成了巨大的破坏。此处cause“引起”是及物动词，和句子主语damage之间是一种被动关系，结合句意可知这里用现在完成时态的被动语态，故causing 改为caused。
7. wrried后面加abut考查介词。句意：我担心我们星球的未来。be wrried abut固定短语，“对担忧”，故在wrried后面加abut。
8. cuntry—cuntries考查名词。句意：我希望所有国家合作，采取措施防止人口过快增长。根据all可知后面的名词用复数形式，故cuntry 改为cuntries。
9. effective—effectively考查副词。句意：此外，人们应该更有效地利用自然资源。此处是副词修饰动词，故effective改为effectively。
10. 去掉the考查冠词。句意：毕竟，我们只有一个地球。此处nly“仅仅，只有”，是副词，结合句意可知去掉the。
八、书面表达。
假定你是李华，准备参加学校举办主题为“Hw t prtect urselves in the schl?”的英语征文比赛。请按要求写一篇短文，主要内容包括：在学校发生地震或火灾时，我们该如何保护自己？
1.只选其中一种突发灾害阐述自己的观点；
2.要求至少写出三点措施；
3.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Life is nt easy. As a student, we shuld learn hw t prtect urselves in the schl.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One pssible versin:
Life is nt easy. As a student, we shuld learn hw t prtect urselves in the schl.
When an earthquake happens, first we shuld calm dwn, which is the mst imprtant. Fllw the teachers' rders and keep ur actins in rder. Secnd, hide beneath ur desks with the schlbags n ur heads if we are in class. Be sure nt t jump ff the building. Third, if we are n the playgrund, d nt mve. Sit n ur feet and use hands t cver ur heads s that they can be kept frm being hit n. At last, help each ther.
These are my suggestins. Keep them in mind and maybe sme day we can survive in case f an earthquake!
1. A. decrated
B. reflected
C. included
D. ccupied
2. A. ck
B. designer
C. pilt
D. swimmer
3. A. liners
B. shps
C. htels
D. ffices
4. A. interesting
B. smart
C. lucky
D. prud
5. A. drawing
B. riding
C. walking
D. running
6. A. ften
B. never
C. almst
D. hardly
7. A. tk ver
B. picked up
C. gt ut
D. brught in
8. A. place
B. need
C. search
D. cntrl
9. A. s
B. but
C. and
D. r
10. A. hw
B. where
C. which
D. what
11. A. undiscvered
B. unsettled
C. unplanned
D. unexpected
12. A. in
B. frm
C. abut
D. n
13. A. favr
B. pity
C. belief
D. sense
14. A. fell
B. waved
C. threw
D. hid
15. A. schl
B. business
C. rescue
D. lan
16. A. prduced
B. transprted
C. furnished
D. suppsed
17. A. buses
B. planes
C. ships
D. trains
18. A. wrried
B. satisfied
C. amazed
D. cncerned
19. A. time
B. rad
C. mney
D. way
20. A. smeday
B. frever
C. nwhere
D. therefre
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