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高中英语Unit 3 Environmental Protection综合训练题
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这是一份高中英语Unit 3 Environmental Protection综合训练题，共8页。试卷主要包含了 A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
主题语境：人与自然 难易度：★★ 语篇类型：说明文 建议用时：6
（2020江西高安中学高二上期末）
Gases, like black carbn, methane（甲烷）and zne（臭氧）in city smg, are called “shrt-lived climate pllutants（污染物）”, which exist bth utdrs and indrs and decrease agricultural crps.
WHO says emissins frm these climate pllutants cause many serius illnesses, including lung cancer. And these pllutants are respnsible fr many f the mre than 7 millin premature deaths each year that are cnnected t air pllutin.
Maria Neira in WHO says the pllutants have a strng impact n climate change. But the gd news is that they nly stay in the atmsphere fr a few days t 10 years. That is much shrter than carbn dixide, a greenhuse gas that can remain fr hundreds, r even thusands f years.
Accrding t Maria Neira, when yu address the shrt-lived pllutants, yu can reduce emissins very rapidly, and then imprve air quality. Yu will have an immediate reductin in the ill health and diseases because f the reductin f air pllutin.
WHO has many available and affrdable ways t reduce these shrt-lived climate pllutants. At the tp f the list is cutting vehicle emissins by requiring higher emissin and efficiency standards. Mre emissins are released when engines are running.
Indr air pllutin als cntributes t pr health and premature death. WHO reprts that nearly 3 billin lw-incme husehlds rely n “dirty fuels”. Cal, wd and kersene used fr cking and heating are examples. Cleaner and mre efficient stves and fuel alternatives culd cut dwn n health risks.
Anther way t cut back n these pllutants is t have mre investment and plicies fr rapid transprt. These include buses, trains, bicycles and pedestrian r walking rutes. These investment culd have many benefits, including safer travel, reduced health risks frm nise and air pllutin and mre physical activity.
The WHO reprt als calls fr encuraging high-incme and middle-incme ppulatins t include mre plant-based fds in their diets. It says this culd the risk f develping reduce heart disease and sme cancers, and culd als slw the methane gas prductin that cmes with sme animal-surced fds.
1. The “shrt-lived climate pllutants” are s called because ________.
A. they cause many t die yung
B. they exist shrter than the greenhuse gas
C. they live indrs fr a shrt time
D. they have a shrt effect n peples health
2. The underlined wrd “address” in Paragraph 4 means “________”.
A. live n
B. talk abut
C. deal with
D. turn t
3. What can be inferred frm the whle passage?
A. Rich peple hardly ever eat plant-based fds in daily life.
B. N emissins are released frm stpped engines.
C. Gvernments shuld take measures t fight pllutin.
D. Heart disease and sme cancers are caused by the pllutants.
4. Which f the fllwing may be the best title f the text?
A. The ways t fight air pllutin
B. Reducing shrt-lived climate pllutants t save lives
C. Sme surces f serius air pllutin
D. A reprt n pllutin frm WHO
Ⅱ.完形填空
主题语境：人与自然 难易度：★★ 语篇类型：记叙文 建议用时：13
（2020山东潍坊高二期末）
When Laura Wd’s senir year began, she was expecting t talk t the usual handful f members in the Envirnmental Club f Scarbrugh. 1 , she fund herself standing in frnt f 60 f her peers.
The year befre Wd tk ver as 2 , the new club was still trying t establish itself. As the first meeting 3 , she wrked hard t advertise that the club still existed and was lking fr 4 members Her campaign wrked. Sixty 5 shwed up t hear what Wd wuld say abut helping t imprve the lcal envirnment.
“It was 6 ,” said Wd. “I really wasn’t 7 60 kids, yu knw, because last year there were nly 10. We want t help purchase ur schl the first 8 minibus.”
Under Wds directin. the club suddenly started t grw 9 . Later, it pened the green bus bank accunt.
With the club, Wd als cllected cans and paper bth t raise mre mney and t help the schl reduce 10 . This wasn’t always an easy jb. Wd didn't just pick up 11 ; she srted the useful waste ut, smetimes after it had been 12 thrwn away. “We’d be a little 13 mst f the time in the afternns,” said Wd.
By the end f the year they had been 14 abut $60 a week by saving the cans and bttles.
This is what Wd usually ges abut starting change: quietly but effectively. “She’s a 15 kid, said Principal Andrew Dllff. “She just desn’t d flashy（招摇的）things t get nticed.”
1. A. Therefre B. Instead C. Besides D. Anyhw
2. A. president B. teacher C. wrker D. emplyer
3. A. annunced B. suggested C. ended D. apprached
4. A. ld B. natinal C. new D. fficial
5. A. students B. experts C. prfessrs D. cleaners
6. A. interesting B. exciting C. frustrating D. amusing
7. A. recgnizing B. calling C. expecting D. cunting
8. A. clean B. green C. safe D. fast
9. A. mentally B. physically C. plitically D. financially
10. A. waste B. cst C. pressure D. prblems
11. A. recycling B. learning C. practicing D. funding
12. A. clearly B. hurriedly C. deliberately D. mistaken
13. A. crazy B. healthy C. smelly D. busy
14. A. lsing B. averaging C. cunting D. paying
15. A. strange B. silly C. lvely D. great
Ⅲ.语法填空
主题语境：人与自然 难易度：★★ 语篇类型：说明文 建议用时：7
（2019辽宁沈阳东北育才学校高二月考）
Plar bears are underging hunger in a wrld 1 (warm) than ever befre.
Plar bears live in the envirnment t cld fr mst animals. Fr mst f the year, they live and hunt n Arctic sea ice. Nature has prepared 2 (they) fr the cld cnditins. But nthing has prepared the bears fr the danger 3 threatens their nly hme.
Plar bears’ wrld is melting. Studies shw that plar ice 4 (reduce) by 9.8% every 10 years since 1978. Nw abut 20, 000 t 25,000 plar bears live in the Arctic. Plar bears depend 5 sea ice fr their 6 (survive). “Sea ice is mre than just the platfrm that the bears walk ver,” says Andrew Dercher, 7 scientist wh studies Nrth American plar bear ppulatins. “Withut it, they can’t exist.”
8 (melt) and refreezing f plar ice is natural. But in a warmer wrld, the cycle speeds up, and plar bears have less time 9 (hunt). Nrmally, they have three mnths in the spring when they gain mre weight. The extra fat will be used when the bears are nt 10 (active) hunting.
1. ________ 2. ________ 3. ________ 4. ________ 5. ________
参考答案：
I.语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了什么是“短期气候污染物”，它们会给人类带来的危害以及可以减少这些污染物排放的方法。
1.B【解析】细节理解题。由文章第三段中的 But the gd news is that they nly stay in the atmsphere fr a few days t 10 years. That is much shrter than carbn dixide，a greenhuse gas that can remain fr hundreds，r even thusands f years.可知，“短期气候污染物”是由于它们在空气中存在的时间比温室气体短而得此名。故选B。
2.C【解析】词义猜测题。由画线单词后的 yu can reduce emissins very rapidly, and then imprve air quality. Yu will have an immediate reductin in the ill health and diseases because f the reductin f air pllutin可知，这是解决掉“短期气候污染物”的结果。由此可推知，画线单词的意思是“处理掉，解决掉”。live n以……为食；talk abut谈论；deal with处理，应付；tum t转向。故选C。
3.C【解析】推理判断题。由第五段中的 cutting vehicle emissins by requiring higher…standards以及倒数第二段中的 Anther way t cut back n these pllutants is t have mre investment and plicies fr rapid transprt.可推知，政府应该采取一些措施来治理污染问题。故选C。
4.B【解析】主旨大意题。这是一篇说明文，文章前三段介绍了什么是短期气候污染物”以及它们会给人类带来的危害，剩下的五段内容提出了解决方案。只有选项B中的“shrt-lived climate pllutants"可与本文主题“ ‘短期气候污染物’ ”呼应，其中的Reducing也与最后几个段落中的解决方案呼应。故选B。
【高频词汇】1. be respnsible fr对……负责；是……的原因
2. atmsphere n.大气；空气；气氛3. available adj.可获得的4. affrdable adj.负担得起的5. investment n.投资；投入
Ⅱ.语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。Wd是学校环保俱乐部的主席，该俱乐部回收垃圾，并打算筹资为学校买一辆小型环保公共汽车。
1.B【解析】结合第三段中Wd所说的话可知，她本来以为会员会寥寥无几，但没想到会员竟达到了60个。此处表示转折，故用Instead，表示“相反”。
2.A【解析】根据该空前的 tk ver以及第四段中的 Under Wd’s directin可知，Wd成了该俱乐部的主席，故用 president。
3.D【解析】结合常识和第二段可知，此处表示当第一次会议就要来临（apprached）的时候，她尽力为俱乐部进行宣传。
4.C【解析】根据语境可知，此处表示俱乐部正在招募新（new）会员。
5.A【解析】根据文章第一句可知，wd是个学生。再结合文中多次出现的 schl可知，前来听wd讲话的是俱乐部招募的学生（students）会员。
6.B【解析】根据本段内容可知，这次学生们非常踊跃，前来参加会议的人很多，Wd没有想到有这么多人，由此推知此处表示wd说“这是令人兴奋的（exciting）”。
7.C【解析】结合该段中Wd所说的话可知，她没有预料到（expecting）会有这么多同学参与。文章第一句中的expecting也给出了提示。
8.B【解析】根据Wd发起的是环保运动可知，她想帮助学校买一辆环保的（green）小型公共汽车。
9.D【解析】因为参与的人数剧增，俱乐部在财力方面（financially）突然开始增长，所以才有了下一句中提到的银行账户的建立。
10.A【解析】结合语境和常识可知，收集罐子和纸是为了筹资并帮助学校减少浪费（waste）。
11.A【解析】她不仅仅回收（recycling）垃圾，还把垃圾里面有用的东西挑选出来。
12.D【解析】该空前的it指代垃圾中有用的东西。有时这些东西是被人们误扔的，故用 mistakenly（错误地）。
13.C【解析】因为需要分拣垃圾，所以他们身上有些难闻。smelly有难闻气味的。
14.B【解析】由该空后的 abut $60 a week及语境可知他们平均每星期赚约60美元。average在此处为动词，表示“平均为…”。
15.D【解析】根据最后一段中对Wd的评价可知，她很务实，从不哗众取宠，因此 Andrew Dllff说她是一个了不起的（great）孩子。
【高频词汇】1. establish ⅵ.确立；使立足；使稳固；建立；创立；设立2. purchase vt.购买3. accunt n.账户；账目4. effectively adv.有效地
Ⅲ.语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。北极熊生活在寒冷的北极地区，但是它们生活的地方正在慢慢融化。研究显示，自1978年以来，极地冰每10年减少9.8%。一位科学家认为，如果没有海冰，北极熊将无法生存。
1. warmer【解析】考查比较级。句意：在一个比以往任何时候都更温暖的世界里，北极熊正在遭受饥饿。修饰名词 wrld，用形容词，由后面的than可知，应用比较级 warmer。
2. them【解析】考查代词。句意：大自然使它们为寒冷的条件做好了准备。设空处作 prepared的宾语，指前面提到的 Plar bears，故用them。
3. that/which【解析】考查定语从句。句意：但是，北极熊对威胁它们唯一的家园的危险毫无准备。所填词引导定语从句，关系词在从句中作主语，先行词是 the danger，指物，故用that或which。
4. has reduced【解析】考查动词的时态及主谓一致。句意：研究表明，自1978年以来，极地冰每10年减少9.8%。由 since1978可知，句子应用现在完成时；此处主语是 plar ice，中心词ice为不可数名词，故填 has reduced。
5. n/upn【解析】考查介词。句意：北极熊依靠海冰生存。depend n/upn意为“依靠，依赖”，是固定搭配。
6. survival【解析】考查词性转换。前面有形容词性物主代词修饰，故用名词 surviva，表示“生存，存活”。
7. a【解析】考查冠词。句意：一位研究北美洲的北极熊数量的科学家Andrew Dercher说……。此处泛指“一个科学家”，且scientist以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。
8. Melting【解析】考查动名词。句意：极地冰的融化和再冻结是自然的。此处为动名词短语作主语，and连接两个并列成分，由refreezing可知，用动名词 Melting。
9. t hunt【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：但在一个更温暖的世界里，这种循环会加速，北极熊捕猎的时间就会更少。此处表示“北极熊捕猎的时间更少”，用不定式作定语。
10. actively【解析】考查副词。句意：当北极熊不积极捕猎的时候，多余的脂肪将被利用。修饰动词 hunting，作状语，意为“积极地”，用副词。
【高频词汇】1. platfrm n.平台2. speed up加速3. gain vt.增加；获得
长难句分析
原句 “Sea ice is mre than just the platfrm that the bears walk ver,” says Andrew Dercher, a scientist wh studies Nrth American plar bear ppulatins. “Withut it, they can’t exist.”
句意 一位研究北美洲的北极熊数量的科学家 Andrew Dercher说：“海冰不仅仅是北极熊在上面行走的平台，没有海冰，它们就不能存活。”
分析 句中的 mre than意思为“不只是，不仅仅是”。that the bears walk ver是一个定语从句，修饰先行词platfrm。
主题语境：人与自然 难易度：★★ 语篇类型：说明文 建议用时：6
（2020江西高安中学高二上期末）
Gases, like black carbn, methane（甲烷）and zne（臭氧）in city smg, are called “shrt-lived climate pllutants（污染物）”, which exist bth utdrs and indrs and decrease agricultural crps.
WHO says emissins frm these climate pllutants cause many serius illnesses, including lung cancer. And these pllutants are respnsible fr many f the mre than 7 millin premature deaths each year that are cnnected t air pllutin.
Maria Neira in WHO says the pllutants have a strng impact n climate change. But the gd news is that they nly stay in the atmsphere fr a few days t 10 years. That is much shrter than carbn dixide, a greenhuse gas that can remain fr hundreds, r even thusands f years.
Accrding t Maria Neira, when yu address the shrt-lived pllutants, yu can reduce emissins very rapidly, and then imprve air quality. Yu will have an immediate reductin in the ill health and diseases because f the reductin f air pllutin.
WHO has many available and affrdable ways t reduce these shrt-lived climate pllutants. At the tp f the list is cutting vehicle emissins by requiring higher emissin and efficiency standards. Mre emissins are released when engines are running.
Indr air pllutin als cntributes t pr health and premature death. WHO reprts that nearly 3 billin lw-incme husehlds rely n “dirty fuels”. Cal, wd and kersene used fr cking and heating are examples. Cleaner and mre efficient stves and fuel alternatives culd cut dwn n health risks.
Anther way t cut back n these pllutants is t have mre investment and plicies fr rapid transprt. These include buses, trains, bicycles and pedestrian r walking rutes. These investment culd have many benefits, including safer travel, reduced health risks frm nise and air pllutin and mre physical activity.
The WHO reprt als calls fr encuraging high-incme and middle-incme ppulatins t include mre plant-based fds in their diets. It says this culd the risk f develping reduce heart disease and sme cancers, and culd als slw the methane gas prductin that cmes with sme animal-surced fds.
1. The “shrt-lived climate pllutants” are s called because ________.
A. they cause many t die yung
B. they exist shrter than the greenhuse gas
C. they live indrs fr a shrt time
D. they have a shrt effect n peples health
2. The underlined wrd “address” in Paragraph 4 means “________”.
A. live n
B. talk abut
C. deal with
D. turn t
3. What can be inferred frm the whle passage?
A. Rich peple hardly ever eat plant-based fds in daily life.
B. N emissins are released frm stpped engines.
C. Gvernments shuld take measures t fight pllutin.
D. Heart disease and sme cancers are caused by the pllutants.
4. Which f the fllwing may be the best title f the text?
A. The ways t fight air pllutin
B. Reducing shrt-lived climate pllutants t save lives
C. Sme surces f serius air pllutin
D. A reprt n pllutin frm WHO
Ⅱ.完形填空
主题语境：人与自然 难易度：★★ 语篇类型：记叙文 建议用时：13
（2020山东潍坊高二期末）
When Laura Wd’s senir year began, she was expecting t talk t the usual handful f members in the Envirnmental Club f Scarbrugh. 1 , she fund herself standing in frnt f 60 f her peers.
The year befre Wd tk ver as 2 , the new club was still trying t establish itself. As the first meeting 3 , she wrked hard t advertise that the club still existed and was lking fr 4 members Her campaign wrked. Sixty 5 shwed up t hear what Wd wuld say abut helping t imprve the lcal envirnment.
“It was 6 ,” said Wd. “I really wasn’t 7 60 kids, yu knw, because last year there were nly 10. We want t help purchase ur schl the first 8 minibus.”
Under Wds directin. the club suddenly started t grw 9 . Later, it pened the green bus bank accunt.
With the club, Wd als cllected cans and paper bth t raise mre mney and t help the schl reduce 10 . This wasn’t always an easy jb. Wd didn't just pick up 11 ; she srted the useful waste ut, smetimes after it had been 12 thrwn away. “We’d be a little 13 mst f the time in the afternns,” said Wd.
By the end f the year they had been 14 abut $60 a week by saving the cans and bttles.
This is what Wd usually ges abut starting change: quietly but effectively. “She’s a 15 kid, said Principal Andrew Dllff. “She just desn’t d flashy（招摇的）things t get nticed.”
1. A. Therefre B. Instead C. Besides D. Anyhw
2. A. president B. teacher C. wrker D. emplyer
3. A. annunced B. suggested C. ended D. apprached
4. A. ld B. natinal C. new D. fficial
5. A. students B. experts C. prfessrs D. cleaners
6. A. interesting B. exciting C. frustrating D. amusing
7. A. recgnizing B. calling C. expecting D. cunting
8. A. clean B. green C. safe D. fast
9. A. mentally B. physically C. plitically D. financially
10. A. waste B. cst C. pressure D. prblems
11. A. recycling B. learning C. practicing D. funding
12. A. clearly B. hurriedly C. deliberately D. mistaken
13. A. crazy B. healthy C. smelly D. busy
14. A. lsing B. averaging C. cunting D. paying
15. A. strange B. silly C. lvely D. great
Ⅲ.语法填空
主题语境：人与自然 难易度：★★ 语篇类型：说明文 建议用时：7
（2019辽宁沈阳东北育才学校高二月考）
Plar bears are underging hunger in a wrld 1 (warm) than ever befre.
Plar bears live in the envirnment t cld fr mst animals. Fr mst f the year, they live and hunt n Arctic sea ice. Nature has prepared 2 (they) fr the cld cnditins. But nthing has prepared the bears fr the danger 3 threatens their nly hme.
Plar bears’ wrld is melting. Studies shw that plar ice 4 (reduce) by 9.8% every 10 years since 1978. Nw abut 20, 000 t 25,000 plar bears live in the Arctic. Plar bears depend 5 sea ice fr their 6 (survive). “Sea ice is mre than just the platfrm that the bears walk ver,” says Andrew Dercher, 7 scientist wh studies Nrth American plar bear ppulatins. “Withut it, they can’t exist.”
8 (melt) and refreezing f plar ice is natural. But in a warmer wrld, the cycle speeds up, and plar bears have less time 9 (hunt). Nrmally, they have three mnths in the spring when they gain mre weight. The extra fat will be used when the bears are nt 10 (active) hunting.
1. ________ 2. ________ 3. ________ 4. ________ 5. ________
参考答案：
I.语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了什么是“短期气候污染物”，它们会给人类带来的危害以及可以减少这些污染物排放的方法。
1.B【解析】细节理解题。由文章第三段中的 But the gd news is that they nly stay in the atmsphere fr a few days t 10 years. That is much shrter than carbn dixide，a greenhuse gas that can remain fr hundreds，r even thusands f years.可知，“短期气候污染物”是由于它们在空气中存在的时间比温室气体短而得此名。故选B。
2.C【解析】词义猜测题。由画线单词后的 yu can reduce emissins very rapidly, and then imprve air quality. Yu will have an immediate reductin in the ill health and diseases because f the reductin f air pllutin可知，这是解决掉“短期气候污染物”的结果。由此可推知，画线单词的意思是“处理掉，解决掉”。live n以……为食；talk abut谈论；deal with处理，应付；tum t转向。故选C。
3.C【解析】推理判断题。由第五段中的 cutting vehicle emissins by requiring higher…standards以及倒数第二段中的 Anther way t cut back n these pllutants is t have mre investment and plicies fr rapid transprt.可推知，政府应该采取一些措施来治理污染问题。故选C。
4.B【解析】主旨大意题。这是一篇说明文，文章前三段介绍了什么是短期气候污染物”以及它们会给人类带来的危害，剩下的五段内容提出了解决方案。只有选项B中的“shrt-lived climate pllutants"可与本文主题“ ‘短期气候污染物’ ”呼应，其中的Reducing也与最后几个段落中的解决方案呼应。故选B。
【高频词汇】1. be respnsible fr对……负责；是……的原因
2. atmsphere n.大气；空气；气氛3. available adj.可获得的4. affrdable adj.负担得起的5. investment n.投资；投入
Ⅱ.语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。Wd是学校环保俱乐部的主席，该俱乐部回收垃圾，并打算筹资为学校买一辆小型环保公共汽车。
1.B【解析】结合第三段中Wd所说的话可知，她本来以为会员会寥寥无几，但没想到会员竟达到了60个。此处表示转折，故用Instead，表示“相反”。
2.A【解析】根据该空前的 tk ver以及第四段中的 Under Wd’s directin可知，Wd成了该俱乐部的主席，故用 president。
3.D【解析】结合常识和第二段可知，此处表示当第一次会议就要来临（apprached）的时候，她尽力为俱乐部进行宣传。
4.C【解析】根据语境可知，此处表示俱乐部正在招募新（new）会员。
5.A【解析】根据文章第一句可知，wd是个学生。再结合文中多次出现的 schl可知，前来听wd讲话的是俱乐部招募的学生（students）会员。
6.B【解析】根据本段内容可知，这次学生们非常踊跃，前来参加会议的人很多，Wd没有想到有这么多人，由此推知此处表示wd说“这是令人兴奋的（exciting）”。
7.C【解析】结合该段中Wd所说的话可知，她没有预料到（expecting）会有这么多同学参与。文章第一句中的expecting也给出了提示。
8.B【解析】根据Wd发起的是环保运动可知，她想帮助学校买一辆环保的（green）小型公共汽车。
9.D【解析】因为参与的人数剧增，俱乐部在财力方面（financially）突然开始增长，所以才有了下一句中提到的银行账户的建立。
10.A【解析】结合语境和常识可知，收集罐子和纸是为了筹资并帮助学校减少浪费（waste）。
11.A【解析】她不仅仅回收（recycling）垃圾，还把垃圾里面有用的东西挑选出来。
12.D【解析】该空前的it指代垃圾中有用的东西。有时这些东西是被人们误扔的，故用 mistakenly（错误地）。
13.C【解析】因为需要分拣垃圾，所以他们身上有些难闻。smelly有难闻气味的。
14.B【解析】由该空后的 abut $60 a week及语境可知他们平均每星期赚约60美元。average在此处为动词，表示“平均为…”。
15.D【解析】根据最后一段中对Wd的评价可知，她很务实，从不哗众取宠，因此 Andrew Dllff说她是一个了不起的（great）孩子。
【高频词汇】1. establish ⅵ.确立；使立足；使稳固；建立；创立；设立2. purchase vt.购买3. accunt n.账户；账目4. effectively adv.有效地
Ⅲ.语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。北极熊生活在寒冷的北极地区，但是它们生活的地方正在慢慢融化。研究显示，自1978年以来，极地冰每10年减少9.8%。一位科学家认为，如果没有海冰，北极熊将无法生存。
1. warmer【解析】考查比较级。句意：在一个比以往任何时候都更温暖的世界里，北极熊正在遭受饥饿。修饰名词 wrld，用形容词，由后面的than可知，应用比较级 warmer。
2. them【解析】考查代词。句意：大自然使它们为寒冷的条件做好了准备。设空处作 prepared的宾语，指前面提到的 Plar bears，故用them。
3. that/which【解析】考查定语从句。句意：但是，北极熊对威胁它们唯一的家园的危险毫无准备。所填词引导定语从句，关系词在从句中作主语，先行词是 the danger，指物，故用that或which。
4. has reduced【解析】考查动词的时态及主谓一致。句意：研究表明，自1978年以来，极地冰每10年减少9.8%。由 since1978可知，句子应用现在完成时；此处主语是 plar ice，中心词ice为不可数名词，故填 has reduced。
5. n/upn【解析】考查介词。句意：北极熊依靠海冰生存。depend n/upn意为“依靠，依赖”，是固定搭配。
6. survival【解析】考查词性转换。前面有形容词性物主代词修饰，故用名词 surviva，表示“生存，存活”。
7. a【解析】考查冠词。句意：一位研究北美洲的北极熊数量的科学家Andrew Dercher说……。此处泛指“一个科学家”，且scientist以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。
8. Melting【解析】考查动名词。句意：极地冰的融化和再冻结是自然的。此处为动名词短语作主语，and连接两个并列成分，由refreezing可知，用动名词 Melting。
9. t hunt【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：但在一个更温暖的世界里，这种循环会加速，北极熊捕猎的时间就会更少。此处表示“北极熊捕猎的时间更少”，用不定式作定语。
10. actively【解析】考查副词。句意：当北极熊不积极捕猎的时候，多余的脂肪将被利用。修饰动词 hunting，作状语，意为“积极地”，用副词。
【高频词汇】1. platfrm n.平台2. speed up加速3. gain vt.增加；获得
长难句分析
原句 “Sea ice is mre than just the platfrm that the bears walk ver,” says Andrew Dercher, a scientist wh studies Nrth American plar bear ppulatins. “Withut it, they can’t exist.”
句意 一位研究北美洲的北极熊数量的科学家 Andrew Dercher说：“海冰不仅仅是北极熊在上面行走的平台，没有海冰，它们就不能存活。”
分析 句中的 mre than意思为“不只是，不仅仅是”。that the bears walk ver是一个定语从句，修饰先行词platfrm。
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