2024八年级英语上册Unit 5 What’s the highest mountain in the world综合素质评价试卷（附答案鲁教版五四制）

这是一份2024八年级英语上册Unit 5 What’s the highest mountain in the world综合素质评价试卷（附答案鲁教版五四制），共15页。
Unit 5 综合素质评价限时: 100分钟 满分: 90分第一部分 阅读理解(共两节, 满分35 分)第一节(共15 小题；每小题2 分, 满分30 分)阅读下列短文, 从短文后每题所给的A、B、C 和D 四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。AThe Yangtze River dolphin is the only kind of dolphin that lives in freshwater all its life. Scientists say that the finless freshwater dolphin that has lived in the Yangtze River for over 20 million years, will die out in 15 years. It’s in danger of disappearing forever.Dangers:Dredging (挖掘) of their habitat.Heavy boat traffic in the Yangtze River.Insecticide (杀虫剂) and mercury (汞).( )1. How long has the Yangtze River dolphin lived in the Yangtze River? A. For 20 million years. B. For less than 20 million years. C. For more than 20 million years. D. We don’t know.( )2. What is NOT a danger to the Yangtze River dolphin? A. Dredging the river bed. B. Insecticide and mercury. C. Swimmers. D. Heavy boat traffic in the river.( )3. What does the Yangtze River dolphin mainly eat? A. Fish and shrimps. B. Fish. C. Shrimps. D. Sharks.BLife is like the four seasons. Now I am very old, but when I was young, it was the spring of my life. I was born, I played a lot, and then I started school. I learned many new things. Like a flower, I grew bigger every day. There were happy days and sorrowful days: some days the sun shone, and some days it didn’t.In my twenties, I had a good job. I was strong and happy. Then I married and had a child. In those days, I didn’t have much time to think. Every day I was busy and worked very hard. And so, I started to get some grey hairs. The summer of my life passed quickly.Then the days got shorter. Leaves fell from the trees. My child was a university student, and then an engineer. My home was much quieter. I started walking more slowly. One day I stopped working. I had more time. I understood that this was my autumn, a beautiful time when the trees change color and give us delicious fruits.But the days kept getting shorter and colder. Winter has come. I am older and weaker. I know I do not have many days left, but I will enjoy them to the end.( )4. The writer started walking more slowly in the _______ of his life. A. spring B. summer C. autumn D. winter( )5. According to the passage, which of the following ages is during the summer of his life? A. 15. B. 25. C. 62. D. 87.( )6. What does the word “sorrowful” mean in Paragraph 1? A. Sad. B. Exciting. C. Wonderful. D. Pleasant.( )7. Which of the following is true? A. The writer was an engineer. B. The writer had a garden with flowers. C. The writer was always happy as a child. D. The writer now is old and weak, but he still enjoys his life.CIn 1849, when John Muir was 11 years old, he and his family moved from Scotland to the United States. They lived in Wisconsin, and right away John fell in love with the prairies (草原), wetlands, oak forests, and lakes. He called it the “beautiful Wisconsin wilderness (荒野)”.①_______The hard work like plowing (耕) fields and digging a well made him strong in both mind and body. In his free time, John caught turtles and frogs in the rivers and lakes. ②_______He enjoyed the lovely wildflowers that grew on the prairies. He loved learning, too, and at night he studied and read about many subjects.③_______As a young man, John tried different kinds of work. He built clocks and designed machines that made farming easier. ④_______ He took classes at the University of Wisconsin. He travelled through Canada and then Florida, studying nature. But at age 29, he had a serious eye problem. He almost lost his vision (视力). He was afraid that he would never see again. So when his vision returned, John knew he needed to follow his dream of studying nature.A year later, when John saw the Sierra Nevada mountains in California for the first time, he began to understand that he found his calling in life. “I came to life in the cool winds and the clear waters of the mountains,” he wrote. John spent the rest of his life protecting the wild places he loved so much. He was a gifted (有天赋的) writer and wrote about the beauty of the land. In 1892, John Muir started the Sierra Club. This old organization still works to protect the environment.( )8. [新考法句子还原] We can put the sentence “John worked hard on his father’s farm.” in Blank _______. A. ① B. ② C. ③ D. ④( )9. [新考法逻辑排序]What is the right order of what happened in the passage? a. John moved to Wisconsin with his parents at 11. b. John tried different work and studied many subjects. c. John set up an organization in order to protect nature. d. John had a serious eye problem and almost lost his vision. e. John travelled to the Sierra Nevada mountains in California. A. a-b-c-d-e B. b-a-e-d-c C. a-b-d-e-c D. b-e-a-d-c( )10. Which of the following is NOT true about John? A. He was a gifted writer with wide interests. B. He bought machines to help with the farm work. C. He wrote to call people to protect the environment. D. He decided to study nature when he got his vision back.( )11. Which “calling” has the same meaning as the “calling” in Paragraph 4? A. I heard someone calling my name. B. I enjoy the sweet calling of birds. C. He’s calling to ask about the meeting. D. His calling is to help other people.DA tsunami is a huge ocean wave (浪). An earthquake usually causes a tsunami. The biggest tsunami ever hit land on July 9, 1958. It happened when an earthquake shook the undersea floor. The 8.3 earthquake shook 40 million cubic yards (立方码) of rocks and ice from a mountain. The landslide (滑坡) fell 3,000 feet and hit the water with terrible force. It caused the huge tsunami wave. The wave was more than 1,640 feet (500 meters) high and hit over five square miles of land. It also destroyed millions of trees. There were no towns in the area, so it is different from the terrible tsunami of 2004. More than 200,000 people lost their lives in 2004. ▲ . These two unlucky people were on a fishing boat in the bay when the wave arrived. Another boat was carrying Peter and his wife. They jumped into a small boat and some people saved them a few hours later. Jack and his seven-yearold son were on the third boat. Luckily, both of them didn’t die.For many years, scientists discussed about the reasons of the tsunami in 1958. Some scientists said lots of rocks fell into the bay, but it was not enough to cause such a huge wave. They thought that the earthquake itself caused the wave. However, as our understanding of earthquakes and tsunamis improved, most scientists now regard the landslide as the true reason for the wave. But no one argues that the wave was the largest in the world and will keep a long time in the future.( )12. Why does the writer list large numbers in Paragraph 1? A. To tell us some stories of the tsunami. B. To show strong power of the tsunami. C. To give us examples of the tsunami. D. To introduce some news of the tsunami.( )13. [新考法句子还原]Which sentence could be put in “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 2? A. But nobody died in the tsunami that happened in 1958. B. However, the 1958 tsunami killed two people. C. So many people died in the tsunami in 1958. D. The 1958 tsunami killed 200,000 people, too.( )14. Most scientists think the true reason for the wave is _______. A. lots of rocks B. the earthquake C. the landslide D. fishing( )15. Which might be the best title of the passage? A. The Terrible Tsunami in 2004 B. The Bad Results of the Tsunami C. The True Reason of the Tsunami D. The World’s Biggest Wave第二节[2024 济南槐荫区期末改编](共5 小题；每小题1 分, 满分5 分)阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。These days, students are trying a new kind of traveling. In the past, they could only go to the museums. That was boring for the teenagers. They often went there by bus. Many of them felt sleepy in the museum. They hardly ever had fun during the trip. But now they can go outdoors and take some outdoor activities. 16. _______ They explore (探索) the great outdoors and learn from the society (社会) and some of them even go to faraway places.Experiential (体验式的) education is now very popular in many countries. 17. _______ Just look at the China International Travel Service Ltd, China’s biggest travel agency (机构). It has more than 300 different travel programs for students and schools. 18. _______ Where are the students going? They travel to fishing villages and farming villages in China. Some even go to English classes in England. Wherever they go, these travel programs help students get around. What’s more, they can learn a lot from traveling. 19. _______ It’s an experience that students will never forget.20. _______ Fishing and farming villagers had a hard time in some places. It was not easy for them to make enough money. But now many people come to visit their villages. The coming of visitors and groups of students every year brings them a lot of income (收入) and a better life.第二部分 语言知识应用(共两节, 满分25 分)第一节 完形填空(共10 小题；每小题1 分, 满分10 分)阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C 和D 四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Kevin is a special swimmer. He took risks to 21 in very cold places because he wanted people to pay attention (关注) to environmental (环境的) problems.As a boy, Kevin visited national parks and he learned the Earth is in 22 condition. He felt worried, and he wanted to 23 the Earth. In 2009, he went to swim in water near the North Pole to draw people’s attention to the melting glaciers (冰川). Kevin said that the swim was so painful (痛苦的) that it would be his 24 time swimming in cold water. In 2016, he heard about a lake in the Himalayas (喜马拉雅山脉). It was formed by melting glaciers. He 25 to swim in cold water again. It was difficult to swim in the lake. The air was so 26 that it was hard to breathe. He told people about his experiences on TV. He wanted people to know that glaciers in the Himalayas are disappearing (消失) 27 global warming and that there’s less water for people in nearby 28 like China, India, and Pakistan.From Kevin’s story, we learn two 29 . We learn that people can do a lot of harm to the Earth without realizing it. Also, we learn that if we 30 the way we think, we can do something to protect our environment. With the new way of thinking in our minds, we can enjoy a bright future.( )21. A. fly B. swim C. run D. skate( )22. A. right B. safe C. poor D. natural( )23. A. protect B. leave C. find D. share( )24. A. last B. great C. free D. long( )25. A. hated B. agreed C. learned D. decided( )26. A. fresh B. thin C. clear D. cool( )27. A. because of B. opposite to C. according to D. instead of( )28. A. cities B. countries C. towns D. villages( )29. A. choices B. reports C. reasons D. lessons( )30. A. ask B. show C. change D. record第二节 语法填空(共10 小题；每小题1.5 分, 满分15 分)阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Yellowstone National Park is 31. ____________ US national park which was built in 1872. It covers about 8, 983 square kilometers and is one of the 32. ____________ (large) parks in America. Yellowstone is widely seen as the first national park in the world and it is famous 33. ____________ its wildlife. Native (土著的) 34. ____________ (American) have lived in the Yellowstone for at least 11,000 years. There were some visits by mountain men during the early-to-mid-19th century. Later, the US Army began to protect the park and tried hard to make it 35. ____________ (peace). In 1917, the National Park Service (国家公园管理局) built 36. ____________ (hundred) of buildings there. Now, these buildings are 37. ____________ (real) important for the study of American history.Some people don’t know 38. ____________ to do in the Yellowstone when they pay their first visit. Actually, there are many fun activities in the park, such as hiking, 39. ____________ (camp) and sightseeing. Everybody could find something interesting to do there. So it is really a good choice for us 40. ____________ (take) a trip to the Yellowstone National Park.第三部分 书面表达(共两节, 满分30 分)第一节 阅读表达(共5 小题；每小题2 分, 满分10 分)阅读下面短文, 完成短文后的问题。Do you know what the world’s highest waterfall is? You may say that it is Niagara Falls. Niagara Falls is really beautiful, but the most highest in the world is Angel Falls. It is deep in the jungles (丛林) of Venezuela (委内瑞拉). Few people have ever seen Angel Falls. It’s very hard to get there. If you go there on foot, you have to travel for weeks through thick jungles. If you go by plane from Caracas, a city on the southern coast, it will take about four hours.Angel Falls was found by accident. This is one of the most interesting facts about it. It was named after an American pilot. His name was Jimmy Angel. In 1937, his plane crashed (坠毁) near the top of the falls. That’s how he found it.Angel Falls drops nearly a kilometer from the top of the mountain. The water seems to be dropping straight out of the clouds. The height of the falls is very great. By the time the water reaches the ground, it has already turned into fog (雾).41. What’s the highest waterfall in the world?_________________________________________________________________42. Why have few people seen Angel Falls?________________________________________________________________43. How long will you spend getting there by air from Caracas?________________________________________________________________44. Who found Angel Falls?________________________________________________________________45. What happens to the water of the Angel Falls when it reaches the ground?________________________________________________________________第二节 写作(满分20 分)假设你是李琦, 请根据以下信息, 给你的外国笔友Jeff 写一封信件向他具体介绍明长城并邀请他参观。1.它具有2000 多年的历史, 长8000 多千米, 高6~7 米, 宽4~5 米；2.它是世界上最长的城墙,也是世界上最伟大的奇观之一。要求：1. 词数80~100 左右；2. 须包含所有要点提示, 并可适当补充, 以使语句通顺, 行文连贯；3. 文中不得出现个人姓名、校名等真实信息。Dear Jeff,How is everything going? _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,Li QiUnit 5 综合素质评价【答案及点拨】第一部分第一节A)【主旨大意】本文主要介绍了长江江豚。1. C 【点拨】细节理解题。根据“Scientists say that the finless freshwater ... for over 20 million years”可知, 长江江豚已经在长江中生存了两千多万年。故选C。2. C 【点拨】细节理解题。根据“Dangers: Dredging of their habitat. Heavy boat traffic in the Yangtze River. Insecticide and mercury.”可知, 危险不包含游泳者。故选C。3. A 【点拨】细节理解题。根据“Main diet”中的Fish 以及Shrimp 可知, 它主要吃鱼和虾。故选A。B)【主旨大意】本文作者把自己的人生比作四个季节, 分别介绍了人生每个季节的一些特点：快乐的童年是春天；二十多岁时, 找到了好的工作, 结婚生子, 忙碌地工作, 这是人生的夏天；孩子长大了, 自己就进入了丰收的秋季；随着自己一天天人老体衰, 慢慢地过着人生的冬季。4. C 【点拨】细节理解题。由短文第三段“I started walking more slowly ... this was my autumn ...”可知作者开始走得慢是在人生的秋天。故选C。5. B 【点拨】推理判断题。根据短文“In my twenties ... worked very hard.”可知, 作者人生的夏天大概是在他二三十岁的时候。故选B。6. A 【点拨】词义猜测题。根据“There were happy days and sorrowful days”可知有快乐和sorrowful 的日子。结合选项, 与happy 相对的是sad。故选A。7. D 【点拨】推理判断题。根据短文最后一段可知, 作者现在人老体弱了, 但他还是享受着自己的生活。故选D。C)【主旨大意】本文主要讲述了John Muir 热爱大自然。8. A 【点拨】推理判断题。根据第二段的“The hard work like plowing fields and digging a well made him strong in both mind and body.”可知, 第二段提及农场的辛苦劳作, 因此这句话应放在①处, 故选A。9. C 【点拨】细节理解题。根据“In 1849, when John ...United States.”“He loved learning, too, and at night he studied and read about many subjects.”“But at age 29, he had ...lost his vision.”“A year later, when John ... he found his calling in life.”和“In 1892, John Muir started ... protect the environment.”可知, 正确的顺序是a-b-d-e-c, 故选C。10. B 【点拨】细节理解题。根据“He built clocks and designed machines that made farming easier.”可知, John自己设计机器, 而不是购买机器, 故选B。11. D 【点拨】词义猜测题。根据“A year later, when John saw...found his calling in life.”可知, 一年以后, 他开始明白自己找到了人生的使命。因此“calling”意为“使命”, 选项A、B 均是“叫喊”, C 项应为“打电话”, 故选D。D)【主旨大意】本文主要介绍了世界上最大的海啸。12. B 【点拨】推理判断题。根据“The 8.3 earthquake shook 40 million cubic yards...”可知文章列举这些数字说明了海啸造成的危害, 表明了海啸的强大威力。故选B。13. B 【点拨】推理判断题。根据“These two unlucky people were on a fishing boat in the bay when the wave arrived.”可知有两个不幸的人在海啸中被杀死了, 选项B “然而, 1958 年的海啸造成两人死亡。”符合语境。故选B。14. C 【点拨】细节理解题。根据“most scientists now regard the landslide as the true reason for the wave”可知大多数科学家现在认为山体滑坡是造成海啸的真正原因。故选C。15. D 【点拨】最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了世界上最大的海啸的相关知识, 故选项D“世界上最大的浪”作为标题最合适。故选D。第二节【主旨大意】本文介绍了学生们正在尝试一种新的旅行方式, 他们不仅可以去博物馆, 还可以去工厂、村庄以及很多其他他们喜欢的地方, 体验式教育正变得越来越受欢迎。16. F 【点拨】根据“But now they can go outdoors and take some outdoor activities.”可知, 现在学生们可以去户外, 做一些户外活动, 由此推知空处与户外活动的场所相关；选项F“他们可以去工厂, 村庄和许多其他他们喜欢的地方。”符合语境。故选F。17. B 【点拨】根据“Experiential education is now very popular in many countries.” 和“Just look at the China International Travel Service Ltd, China’s biggest travel agency.”可知, 体验式教育在中国也开始流行；选项B“它在中国也变得越来越受欢迎。”符合语境。故选B。18. E 【点拨】根据“It has more than 300 different travel programs for students and schools.”可知, 空处应介绍中国国际旅行社的游学项目的情况；选项E“2023 年, 超过33 所学校参加了这些项目。”符合语境。故选E。19. C 【点拨】根据“What’s more, they can learn a lot from traveling.”可知, 空处应介绍学生们从旅行中学到了什么；选项C“通过这样做, 他们可以学会如何关心他人。”符合语境。故选C。20. D 【点拨】根据“The coming of visitors and groups of students every year brings them a lot of income and a better life.”可知, 游客和学生们的旅行也给渔民和农民带来了大量的收入和更好的生活；选项D“旅行对农民和渔民也有好处。”符合语境。故选D。第二部分第一节【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文, 介绍了Kevin 为保护地球所做出的贡献。21. B 【点拨】考查动词辨析。由第二段中的句子“In 2009, he went to swim in water near the North Pole to draw people’s attention to the melting glaciers.”可知, 在 2009 年为了引起人们对正在融化的冰川的关注, 他去北极附近的水里游泳。此处指冒险去寒冷的地方游泳, 故选B。22. C 【点拨】考查形容词辨析。由后句中的“He felt worried”可知, 地球的状况非常糟糕。故选C。23. A 【点拨】考查动词辨析。由句中的“He felt worried”可知, 他想要保护地球。故选A。24. A 【点拨】考查形容词辨析。由句中的so painful“如此痛苦”可知, Kevin 说这将会是他最后一次在冰冷的水里游泳。故选A。25. D 【点拨】考查动词辨析。根据“In 2016, he heard about a lake in the Himalayas. It was formed by melting glaciers.”可推测全球变暖使喜马拉雅山脉冰川融化, 所以他决定再次在冰水里游泳, 所以用“decide to do sth.”。故选D。26. B 【点拨】考查形容词辨析。由句中的it was hard to breathe “很难呼吸”, 可推测空气稀薄。故选B。27. A 【点拨】考查介词短语辨析。由语境可知全球变暖是喜马拉雅山脉冰川正在消失的原因。所以because of符合语境。故选A。28. B 【点拨】考查名词辨析。由句中的like China, India, and Pakistan“像中国、印度和巴基斯坦”, 可知指的是国家。故选B。29. D 【点拨】考查名词辨析。根据后文内容可知, 我们得到了两个教训。故选D。30. C 【点拨】考查动词辨析。由后句中的“With the new way of thinking in our minds”可知, 我们需要用新的方式思考, 此处指改变我们的思维方式。故选C。第二节【主旨大意】本文主要介绍了美国黄石国家公园的一些信息。31. the 【点拨】此处表示特指, 故填the。32. largest 【点拨】one of the+ 形容词最高级+ 复数名词, 表示“最……的……之一”, 故填largest。33. for 【点拨】根据“it is famous ... its wildlife”可知, 它因野生动物而闻名, be famous for“因……而出名”为固定搭配, 故填for。34. Americans 【点拨】由助动词have 可知主语应是复数形式, 故填Americans。35. peaceful【点拨】make sth. +形容词, 表示“使某物……”, 故填peaceful。36. hundreds 【点拨】此处表示概数, 用hundred 的复数形式+of, 故填hundreds。37. really 【点拨】此空修饰形容词important, 应填副词, 故填really。38. what 【点拨】此处作动词know 的宾语, 用“疑问词+ 动词不定式”结构, 疑问词作do 的宾语, 应用what, 故填what。39. camping 【点拨】此空与hiking 和sightseeing 构成并列关系, 所以此空应填camping, 故填camping。40. to take 【点拨】分析句子结构可知, it 为形式主语, 此空作真正的主语, 应填动词不定式, 故填to take。第三部分第一节【主旨大意】本文介绍了世界上最高的瀑布——天使瀑布。41. Angel Falls is the highest waterfall in the world. 【点拨】根据“... but the most highest in the world is Angel Falls.”可知最高的瀑布是天使瀑布。42. Because it’s very hard to get there. 【点拨】根据 “Few people have ever seen Angel Falls. It’s very hard to get there.”可知很少有人看过天使瀑布是因为要到达那里是非常困难的。43. It will take about four hours. 【点拨】根据“If you go by plane ... take about four hours.”可知大约会花费4个小时。44. An American pilot named Jimmy Angel found it./ Jimmy Angel found it./An American pilot found it. 【点拨】根据“It was named after an American pilot ... he found it.”可知是美国飞行员Jimmy Angel 发现的。45. It turns into fog. 【点拨】根据“By the time the water reaches the ground, it has already turned into fog.”可知水到达地面时已经变成雾了。第二节范文：Dear Jeff,How is everything going? Here I’ll tell you something about the Ming Great Wall.The Ming Great Wall has a history of over 2, 000 years. It is more than 8, 000 kilometers long①, about 6 to 7 meters high① and 4 to 5 meters wide①. It is the longest wall and one of the greatest wonders in the world②. Now it is a symbol of China. It looks like a huge loong. As a famous sight, every year millions of tourists from all over the world come to visit it.You can come to China to visit it when you’re free③. I’m looking forward to③ your reply.Yours,Li Qi名师点评：本文运用“三步法”进行写作。第一步：引出话题, 提出名胜；第二步：具体介绍；第三步：简单评论, 发出邀请。结构完整, 条理清晰。添彩点: ①准确而熟练地运用“数词＋量词＋形容词(long, high, wide)”结构；②正确运用了形容词的最高级；③运用了高级句型when 引导的时间状语从句和look forward to 等短语, 为文章增色不少。A. Museums are the most popular places to visit.B. It is also becoming more and more popular in China.C. By doing so, they can learn how to care about others.D. Traveling is also good for the farmers and fishermen.E. More than 33 schools took part in the programs in 2023.F. They can go to factories, villages and many other places they like.