人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第四册Unit 3 Sea Exploration练习

这是一份人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第四册Unit 3 Sea Exploration练习，共3页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解等内容，欢迎下载使用。
（2020课标全国II, D）
We are the prducts f evlutin, and nt just evlutin that ccurred billins f years ag. As scientists lk deeper int ur genes（基因）, they are finding examples f human evlutin in just the past few thusand years. Peple in Ethipian highland have adapted t living at high altitudes, Cattle-raising peple in East Africa and nrthern Eurpe have gained a mutatin（突变）that helps them digest milk as adults.
On Thursday in an article published in Cell, team f researchers reprted a new kind f adaptatin--nt t air r t fd, but t the cean. A grup f sea-dwelling peple in Sutheast Asia have evlved int better divers. The Bajau, as these peple knwn, number in the hundreds f thusands in Indnesia, Malaysia and the Philippines. They have traditinally lived n husebats; in recent times they’ve als built huses n stilts（支柱）in castal waters. They are simply a stranger t the land.” said Rdney C. Jubilad, a University f Hawaii searcher wh studies the Bajau.
Dr, Jubilad first met the Bajau while grwing up n Samal Island in the Philippines. They made a living as divers, spearfishing r harvesting shellfish. “We were s amazed that they culd stay underwater much lnger than us lcal islanders,” Dr. Jubilad said. “I culd see them actually walking under the sea.”
In 2015, Melissa Ilard, then a graduate student in genetics at the University f Cpenhagen, heard abut the Bajau. She wndered if centuries f diving culd have led t the evlutin f physical characteristics that made the task easier fr them.
“ It seemed like the perfect chance fr natural selectin t act n a ppulatin,” said Dr. Ilard. She als said there were likely a number f ther genes that help the Bajau dive.
词汇积累
1. evlutin n.进化
2. highland n.高地，高原
3. altitude n.海拔
4. digest v.消化
5. adaptatin n.适应
6. evlve ν.逐渐形成；进化
7. husebat n.水上住宅
8. castal adj.沿海的
9. spearfish v.用鱼叉捕鱼
10. shellfish n.水生有壳动物
11. characteristic n.特征；特点
1. What des the authr want t tell us by the examples in paragraph 1?
A. Envirnmental adaptatin f cattle raiser.
B. New knwledge f human evlutin.
C. Recent findings f human rigin.
D. Significance f fd selectin.
2. where d the Bajau build their huses?
A. In valleys.
B. Near rivers.
C. On the beach.
D. Off the cast.
3. Why was the yung Jubilad astnished at the Bajau?
A. They culd walk n stilts all day.
B. They had a superb way f fishing.
C. They culd stay lng underwater.
D. They lived n bth land and water.
4. What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. Bdies Remdeled fr a Life at Sea
B. Highlanders Survival Skills
C. Basic methds f genetic Research
D. The Wrld’s Best Divers
参考答案
一、阅读理解
【语篇解读】本文为说明文，主题语境为人与自然，主题语境内容为人类生存、社会发展与环境的关系。文章通过列举巴瑶人由于靠海为生，逐渐变得擅长潜水的事实来说明人类的进化。本文侧重于培养学生的文化意识。
1. B【解析】推理判断题。本题题干意为：作者想通过第一段的例子告诉我们什么？根据第一段第一句可知我们是进化的产物而且不仅仅是发生在数十亿年前的进化。故选B（人类进化的新知识）。A：养牛者对环境的适应；C：人类起源的新近发现；D：食物选择的意义。
2. D【解析】细节理解题。本题题干意为：巴瑶人把他们的房子建在哪里？根据第二段中的 They have traditinally lived n husebats in castal waters.可知，巴瑶人把房子建在沿海水域。故选择D。（邻近海岸）。A：在山谷里；B：在河边；C：在海滩上。
3. C【解析】细节理解题。本题题干意为：为什么年轻的 Jubilad对巴瑶人感到惊讶？由第三段中的 We were s amazed that they culd stay underwater much lnger than us lcal islanders n]l C选项（他们可以在水下待很长时间）正确。A：他们可以整天在支柱上走；B：他们有一种高超的捕鱼方法；D：他们既生活在陆地上，又生活在水里。
4. A【解析】主旨大意题。本题题干意为：这篇文章合适的题目是什么？本文主要讲述了巴瑶人因为靠海为生而导致基因变化从而可以长时间潜水。故A选项（为适应海上生活而改造的身体）正确。B：高地人的生存技能；C：遗传研究的基本方法；D：世界上最好的潜水员。