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高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第四册Unit 1 Science Fiction综合训练题
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这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第四册Unit 1 Science Fiction综合训练题，共20页。
[共两节, 满分50分]
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项
A
(2017·全国I卷)
Pacific Science Center Guide
◆ Visit Pacific Science Center’s Stre
Dn’t frget t stp by Pacific Science Centers Stre while yu are here t pick up a wnderful science activity r suvenir t remember yur visit. The stre is lcated (位于) upstairs in Building 3 right next t the Laser Dme.
◆ Hungry?
Our exhibits will feed yur mind, but what abut yur bdy? Our cafe ffers a cmplete menu f lunch and ptins, in additin t seasnal specials. The cafe is lcated upstairs in Building I and is pen daily until ne hur befre Pacific Science Center clses.
◆ Rental infrmatin
Lckers are available t stre any belngings during yur visit. The lckers are lcated in Building I near the Infrmatin Desk and in Building 3. Pushchairs and wheelchairs are available t rent at the Infrmatin Desk and Denny Way entrance. ID required.
◆Supprt Pacific Science Center Since 1962, Pacific Science Center has been inspiring a passin (热情) fr discvery and lifelng learning in science math and technlgy. Tday, Pacific Science Center serves mre than 1. 3 millin peple a year and brings inquiry-based science educatin t classrms and cmmunity events all ver Washingtn State. It’s an amazing accmplishment and ne we cannt achieve withut generus supprt frm individuals, crpratins, and ther scial rganizatins. Visit pacific science center. rg t find varius ways yu can supprt Pacific Science Center.
( )1. Where can yu buy a suvenir at Pacific Science Center?
A. In Building 1
B. In building 3
C. At the laser dme
D. At the Denny way entrance
( )2. What des Pacific Science Center d fr schls?
A. Train science teachers.
B. Distribute science bks.
C. Inspire scientific research.
D. Take science t the classrm.
( )3. What is the purpse f the last part f the text?
A. T encurage dnatins.
B. T advertise cming events.
C. T intrduce special exhibits.
D. T tell abut the Centers histry.
B
(2017·北京卷) Hllywd’s thery that machines with evil (邪恶的) minds will drive armies f killer rbts is just illy. The real prblem relates t the pssibility that artificial intelligence (AI) may becme extremely gd at achieving smething ther than what we really want. In 1960 a well-knwn mathematician Nrbert Wiener, wh funded the field f cybernetics (控制论) , put it this way: “If we use, t achieve ur purpses, a mechanical agency with whse peratin we cannt effectively interfere (干预) , we had better be quite sure that the purpse put int the machine is the purpse which we really desire.”
A machine with a specific purpse has anther quality ne that we usually assciate with living things a wish t preserve its wn existence. Fr the machine, this quality is nt in-brn, nr is it smething intrduced by humans; it is a lgical cnsequence f the simple fact that the machine cannt achieve its riginal purpse if it is dead. S if we send ut a rbt with the single instructin f fetching cffee, it will have a strng desire t secure success by disabling its wn ff switch r even killing anyne wh might interfere with its task. If we are nt careful, then we culd face a kind f glbal chess match against very determined, super intelligent machines whse bjectives cnflict with ur wn, with the real wrld as the chessbard.
The pssibility f entering int and lsing such a match shuld cncentrate the minds f cmputer scientists. Sme researchers argue that we can seal the machines inside a kind f firewall, using them t answer difficult questins but never allwing them t affect the real wrld. Unfrtunately, that plan seems unlikely t wrk we have yet t invent a firewall that is secure against rdinary humans, let alne super intelligent machines.
Slving the safety prblem well enugh t mve frward in AI seems t be pssible but nt easy. There are prbably decades in which t plan fr the arrival f super intelligent machines. But the prblem shuld nt be dismissed ut f hand, as it has been by sme AI researchers. Sme argue that humans and machines can cexist as lng as they wrk in teams yet that is nt pssible unless machines share the gals f humans. Others say we can just switch them ff as if super intelligent machines are t stupid t think f that pssibility. Still thers think that super intelligent AI will never happen. On September 11, 1933, famus physicist Ernest Rutherfrd stated, with cnfidence, Anyne wh expects a surce f pwer in the transfrmatin f these atms is talking mnshine. Hwever, n September 12, 1933, physicist Le Szilard invented the neutrn-induced (中子诱导) nuclear hain reactin.
( )4. Paragraph 1 mainly tells us that artificial intelligence may ________.
A. run ut f human cntrl
B. satisfy humans real desires
C. cmmand armies f killer rbts
D. wrk faster than a mathematician
( )5. Machines with specific purpses are assciated with living things partly because they might be able t ________.
A. prevent themselves frm being destryed.
B. achieve their riginal gals independently.
C. d anything successfully with given rders.
D. beat humans in internatinal chess matches.
( )6. Accrding t sme researchers, we can use firewalls t ________.
A help super intelligent machines wrk better.
B be secure against evil human beings.
C keep machines frm being harmed.
D avid rbts affecting the wrld.
( )7. What des the authr think f the safety prblem f super intelligent machines?
A. It will disappear with the develpment f AI
B. It will get wrse with human interference.
C. It will be slved but with difficulty.
D. It will stay fr a decade.
C
(2020·河北石家庄高三二模) Macinley buts n was just 16 years ld when she first had the idea t try and prtect wmen frm mre-than---necessary radiatin during breast cancer treatment sand nw, her inventin culd be a game changer in the medical field.
Butsn, whse father wrks in medical physics has always been interested in science. but she nly began researching the harmful side effects f radiatin treatment after her father discussed his experience with ineffective cancer treatments in his wrk. Since Butsn had als recently lst a relative t breast cancer, she felt inspired t cnduct her wn research n the subject. She tried t begin her medical research by cnsulting scientific jurnals, but she fund their academic terms almst impssible t understand.
She then turned t the Internet t find vides that taught hw t read scientific jurnals. As she went deeper in her research, she stumbled upn a key bit f infrmatin：cpper (铜) has been shwn t be effective at prtecting skin frm radiatin. An idea hit this Australian teen as she was viewing a film n medieval wars in her 10th grade histry class. When she saw the scaled (鳞片) patterns f the mail (盔甲), she was inspired t create a wearable prtective tl ut f cpper She then headed back nline and watched vides n hw t put tgether tiny scales. She made her wn flexible scale mail which she nw calls Smart：Scale Mail fr Radiatin Therapy.
When her inventin was tested in a labratry setting it reduced surface expsure t unnecessary radiatin by 75%. And nw Butsn is wrking n getting her SMART int clinical settings fr use.
( )8. Why did Macinley Butsn start her research?
A. T assist her father with his wrk.
B. T save her relative frm cancer.
C. T publish sme articles in jurnals.
D. T find effective ways t treat cancer.
( )9. What des the underlined phrase “stumbled upn” in Paragraph 3 prbably mean?
A. Came acrss
B. Missed
C. Passed n
D. Required
( )10. Where did Macinley Butsn get inspiratin fr her inventin?
A. Vides nline
B. Scientific jurnals
C. Histry textbks
D. Sldiers defensive clthes
( )11. Which f the fllwing best describes Macinley Butsn?
A. Stubbrn
B. Creative
C. Selfless
D. Cnsiderate
D
(2020·河北衡水中学高三一模) Scientists have develped a new type f smart bandage (绷带) that can signal the type f bacterial (细菌的) infectin it’s prtecting, just like a traffic light, as well as release the right type f drugs n demand. The traffic light system wrks just like this: Green means n bacteria r a lw cncentratin f bacteria, yellw means drug-sensitive (Ds) bacteria respnsive t standard antibitics (抗生素) and causes antibitic release, and red means drug-resistant (DR) bacteria that need extra help t be wiped ut.
In testing the bandage n mice, the research team was able t successfully treat bth DS and DR infectins using the new methd. Hwever, the cmmn methds f sensing resistance are limited by time, the requirement fr prfessinal persnnel, and expensive instruments. Mrever, the abuse f antibitics causes the accelerated prcess f bacterial resistance.
It’s easy t see hw a simple bandage and light culd vercme sme f these limitatins. Treatment desn’t have t wait fr a dctr t make a diagnsis, and the bandage can get the right srt f drugs applied at the earliest pprtunity What’s mre, the persn wearing the bandage gets real-time
feedback n what’s happening with the infectin, if there’s an infectin at all. The researchers say it ffers numerus benefits ver existing treatments that make use f light, including phtdynamic therapy r PDt.
We’ve been seeing quite a few upgrades t the traditinal bandage in recent years, thanks t advances in science--like the nanfiber mesh that attracts bacteria and draws sme f it ut, speeding up the healing prcess. Then there’s the nvel bandage fr treating burns, which stps bacteria frm multiplying and lwers the risk f infectin.
The mre wrk that a bandage can d while it’s prtecting a wund, the better. effrts t imprve bandages cntinue and nw we’ve gt a bandage that nt nly releases antibitics, but als tells the patient exactly what’s ging n t.
( )12. What is the smart bandage mainly designed t d?
A. Avid the use f antibitics.
B. Clear ut harmful bacteria.
C. Detect bacterial infectins.
D. Increase treatment ptins.
( )13. What is the advantage f the smart bandage?
A. It saves much time and cst.
B. It remves the risk f infectin.
C. It prevents the bacterial resistance.
D. It imprves dctr-patient relatinship.
( )14. What can be inferred frm the last tw paragraphs?
A. Traditinal bandages are ut f use nw.
B Mre smart bandages will be develped.
C. Prgress in science calls fr mre research.
D. Peple are urged t study medical science.
( )15. what des the text fcus n?
A. A successful test n mice.
B A clur-changing bandage.
C. Sensing drug-resistant bacteria.
D. Preventing abuse f antibitics.
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2019·全国Ⅲ卷) In an nline class, develping health patterns f cmmunicatin with prfessrs is very imprtant 16 While I have nly listed tw f each, there are bviusly many ther situatins that can arise. Students shuld be able t extend the lgic (逻辑) f each t their particular circumstance.
D’s
17 Questins abut subject cntent are generally welcmed. Befre asking questins abut the curse design read the syllabus (教学大纲) and learning management system infrmatin t be sure the answer isn’t hiding in plain sight.
Participate in discussin frums (论坛) , blgs and ther pen-ended frums fr dialgue. 18 Be sure t stay n tpic and nt ffer irrelevant infrmatin. Make a pint and make it safe fr thers t d the same.
Dn’ ts
Dn’ t share persnal infrmatin r stries. Prfessrs are nt trained nurses, financial aid experts r yur best friends If yu are in need f a deadline extensin, simply explain the situatin t the prfessr. 19
Dn’t penly express annyance at a prfessr r class 20 When a student attacks a prfessr n the scial media, the language used actually says mre abut the student If there is truly a cncern abut a prfessrs prfessinalism r ability be sure t use nline curse evaluatins t calmly ffer yur cmments.
A. That’s what they are fr.
B. Turn t an nline instructr fr help.
C If mre infrmatin is needed, they will ask.
D. Remember that nline prfessrs get a lt f emails.
E. Belw are sme cmmn ds and dn’ts fr nline learners.
F. Everyne has taken a nt-s-great class at ne time r.
G. Ask questins, but make sure they are gd, thughtful questins.
第二部分语言运用
[共两节, 满分30分]
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
(2020·山东高考模拟) Have yu ever nticed hw the way yu feel abut yurself smetimes depends n whether r nt yu get cnfirmatin f yur value frm thers?
I have 21 a lt abut nurturing a psitive identity f lve and appreciatin frm the man wh taught me t train gs First, he started ut by 22 his dgs with lve and respect, and by shwing them an infinite amunt f 23 as they were learning.
Then, the 24 thing he did was a true strke f genius He wuld cut a small piece f 25 fr each dg. He wuld place it in the dgs sleeping area, fr him t 26 each night. He wuld als take this carpet during the 27 and set it dwn in varius lcatins, and sit the dg n the carpet, as he 28 the dg fr being gd.
Next, Frank wuld teach the dg t 29 the carpet himself, and carry it t 30 they were ging. The dg wuld then set the carpet dwn when they 31 with Frank all f the time praising him. Nw Frank said, The dg begins t feel that he truly 32 in every place he travels t, and n matter where he ges, he 33 my lve and appreciatin.
If this strategy 34 s brilliantly with dgs, wuld it nt wrk just 35 with human beings?
( )21. A. learned B. accumulated C. Imprve D. distinguished
( )22. A. pleasing B. treating C. surrunding D. chasing
( )23. A. sympathy B. cmfrt C. patience D. hnr
( )24. A. first B. last C. next D. least
( )25. A. clth B. meat C. area D. carpet
( )26. A. lie n B. hide in C. stand beside D. play with
( )27. A. mrning B. afternn C. evening D. day
( )28. A. blamed B. encuraged C. praised D. accmpanied
( )29. A. carry with B. care fr C. cut up D. pick
( )30. A. wherever B. whenever C. hwever D. whatever
( )31. A. ranB. stp C. std D. turned
( )32. A. participates B. breaks
C. belngs D. crrespnds
( )33. A. receives B. expects C. ignres D. takes
( )34. A. wrks B. ges C. agrees D. applies
( )35. A. as pssible B. as well
C. better than D. still less
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2020·山东青岛重点高中高三期末) As is knwn t all, a psitive parent-child relatinship is 36 (benefit) t the physical and mental 37 (grw) f children but keeping a healthy parent-child bnd 38 (need) the effrts f bth parties.
Parents shuld take the respnsibility 39 imprve their relatinship with the children. What matters is spending quality time with their children, 40 tight their schedule is. Fr instance, they can eat 41 (meal) tgether, g t sprting events tgether r watch their children’s favrite TV shws tgether, 42 can cntribute greatly t making their children feel safe and 43 (lve) . Children. n the ther hand, shuld let their parents knw they appreciate what their parents 44 (d) fr them. If pssible, they can give their parents a gift n a special day r help with husewrk 45 a regular basis.
N healthy parent-child relatinship is withut cnflict But as lng as parents and children make a jint effrt, they can settle the cnflict and enjy their time tgether.
第三部分写作
[共两节, 满分40分]
第一节 (满分15分)
(2020·浙江绍兴高三一模) 假定你是李华, 将在校报上推荐一部经典原版英语文学作品。请你给美国朋友Tm写一封电子邮件, 征求其意见, 内容包括：
1. 询问近况；2. 求助意图；3. 表示感谢。
注意：1. 词数80左右
2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 (满分25分)
阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2020·浙江绍兴高三一模) When she lked arund her huse, Betty Margaret saw lts f electrnics. Alng with the usual things like her laptp and smart phne, there were all f her kids’ electrnic devices：cell phnes, vide game devices and mre! There seemed t be mre than enugh ways fr her and her three children t be nline all day, every day.
Ms. Margaret wrried that her kids were becming t dependent n the Internet and electrnics. Then she began t reread ne f her favrite bks, Henry Threau’s Walden which gave Ms. Margaret an idea. Threau spent 2 years in a simple cabin withut running water, and having t grw his wn fd. Maybe she and her family culd live withut such luxuries as cmputers and electrnic devices fr a while.
Ms. Margaret talked with her kids and explained that she wanted the family t try living fr 6 mnths withut the Internet, cell phnes, TV, and vide games. Ms. Margaret writes articles fr a newspaper in Australia, and had written several bks as well. She tld her children that if they agreed, she wuld write a bk abut their experience and they culd g n a trip abrad with the mney frm sales f the bk. Her three children agreed, and the experiment Ms. Margaret called, began.
Over the curse f the experiment, the Margaret children had different reactins t life withut electrnics. Befre the experiment began, Anni, the eldest f the children read bks mre than her yunger brther and sister. She therefre had a relatively easy adjustment t the family’s new lifestyle. Anni culd als use the library’s cmputer fr her hmewrk. Bill wh lved t play vide games befre the experiment began had t find a way t spend all f his new free time. He started t spend mre time practicing his saxphne (萨克斯管) Susan, the yungest child in the family, had the hardest time adjusting t life withut electrnics. She felt restless fr the first weeks and later, influenced by her elder sister, gradually began t find interest in the nvel experiences brught b varius bks.
注意：续写的词数应为150左右。
The family carried n with the experiment fr the 6 mnths withut technlgy cntrlling their lives.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Ms. Margaret wrte the bk she had planned.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案
1. B细节理解题。根据题干中的 buy a suvenir可定位到文章第部分。在太平洋科学中心商店 (Pacific Science centers stre) 可以买纪念品, 再根据该部分最后一句“The stre is lcated upstairs in Building3. ”可知, 该商店在三号楼, 故选B项。
A、C、D三项张冠李戴。位于一号楼的咖啡馆和问询处等均不出售纪念品, 排除A项；文章第一部分提到商店紧挨着 Laser Dme, 而不是说在 Laser dme可以买纪念品, 排除C项；根据文章第三部分中的“Pushchairs and wheelchairs are available t rent at the Infrmatin Desk and Denny Way entrance. ”可知, 在 Denny Way的入口处可以租借婴儿车和轮椅, 而不能买纪念品, 排除D项。
2. D细节理解题。根据文章第四部分中的“Tday, Pacific Science Center. brings inquiry-based science educatin t classrms. "H知, 太平洋科学中心把基于探究的科学教育带入课堂, 故选D项。A、B两项无中生有, 文章没有提到“培训科学教师”和“分发科学书籍”。C项曲解文意, 根据文章第四部分中的“…Inspiring a passin fr discvery and lifelng learning in science, math and technlgy. ”可知, 太平洋科学中心激励着人们在科学、数学和技术方面有所发现以及终身学习, 而不是激励着人们进行科学研究。
3. A推理判断题。根据文章第四部分中的¨Ⅴisit pacific science center. rg t find varius ways yu can supprt Pacific Science Center可知, 该部分的写作目的是鼓励人们以各种方式支持太平洋科学中心, 也就是鼓励人们捐款, 故选A项。B、C两项无中生有该部分没有提到“宣传即将举行的活动”和“介绍特殊的展览”。D项曲解文意, 该部分提到了自1962年以来太平洋科学中心做的事情, 但这不是为了讲述该中心的历史, 而是为下文鼓励人们捐款作铺垫。
[语篇解读]本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了人工智能随着科技的发展可能超出人类的控制以及人类应如何应对此类安全问题。
4. A细节理解题。由第一段中的 artificial intelligence (AI) may becme extremely gd at achieving smething ther than what we really want“人工智能可能会变得极度善于达成某事而不是我们真正想要的那样”可知, 人工智能可能会超出人类控制，故选A项。B项“满足人类的真正渴望”, C项“指挥机器人杀手军队”, D项“比数学家工作更快”, 均与第一段所提到的人工智能无关。
5. A细节理解题。由题干中的 machines with specific purpses可定位到第二段第一句“A machine with a specific purpse has anther quality, ne that we usually assciate with living things a wish t preserve its wn existence. ”, 由此可知, 机器人要保证自己的存在, 即A项“避免它们自己被消灭掉”。B项“独立到它们的初始目标”, C项“按照既有指令成功地完成任何事，D项“在国际象棋比赛中击败人类”, 均答非所问
6. D细节理解题。由第三段中的“Sme researchers argue that we can seal the machines inside a kind f firewall, using them t answer difficult questins but never allwing them t affect the real wrld. 可知, 一些研究者认为, 我们可以用防火墙让机器人回答难题, 但从不允许它们影响真实世界, 故选D项“避免机器人影
响世界”。A项“帮助超级智能机器更好地工作”, B项“反抗邪恶人类, 保证安全”, C项“保护机器不受损害”, 都不是防火墙的用途, 均可排除。
7. C作者观点题。由最后一段首句“Slving the safety prblem well enugh t mve frward in AI seems t be pssible but nt easy可知, 作者认为, 解决超级智能机器的安全问题是可能的, 但并非易事, 故选C项。A项“随着人工智能的发展, 超级智能机器的安全问题会消失”；B项“随着人类干预, 超级智能机器的安全问题会更严重”；D项“超级智能机器的安全问题会存在十年之久”, 均在文中找不到依据
[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了当时只有16岁的Macinley Butsn用铜制成了一种可穿戴的防护工具, 使乳腺癌症患者在接受检查时能够减少受到不必要的辐射。现在 Butsn正在努力将她的发明投入到临床使用中。
8. D推理判断题。根据第二段中的“But she nly began researching the harmful side effects f radiatin treatment after her father discussed his experience with ineffective cancer treatments in his wrk. ”可知, 但在她的父亲讲述了自己在工作中治疗癌症无效的经历后, 她开始研究放射治疗的有害副作用。由此判断出Macinley Butsn开始她的研究的原因是寻找治疗癌症的有效方法。故选D。
9. A词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“She then turned t the Internet find vides that taught hw t read scientific jurnals. An idea hit this Australian teen as she was viewing a film n medieval wars in her 10th grade histry class. When she saw the scaled patterns f the mail, she was inspired t create a wearable prtective tl ut f cpper:”可知, 她到网上找到可以教如何阅读科学期刊的视频。这位澳大利亚青少年在10年级历史课上观看一部有关中世纪战争的电影时, 心中产生了一个念头。当她看到盔甲的鳞片图案时, 她受到启发, 用铜制成了一种可穿戴的防护工具。因此画线短语所在句子的意思是“随着她的研究的深人, 她偶然发现了一些关键信息：铜被证明可以有效保护皮肤免受辐射”。由此可知, 画线短语的意思是“偶然发现”。故选A。
10. D细节理解题。根据第三段中的“An idea hit this Australian teen as she was viewing a film n medieval wars in her 10th grade histry class. When she saw the scaled patterns f the mail, she was inspired t create a wearable prtective tl ut f cpper可知, 这位澳大利亚青少年在10年级历史课上观看一部有关中世纪战争的电影时, 心中产生了一个念头。当她看到盔甲的鳞片图案时, 她受到启发, 用铜制成了一种可穿戴的防护工具。因此 Macinley Butsn的发明灵感来自士兵的防护盔甲。故选D
11. B推理判断题。根据第三段中的“When she saw the scaled patterns f the mail, she was inspired t create a wearable prtective tl ut f cpper. ”可知, 文章讲述了当时只有16岁的Macinley Butsn用铜制成了一种可穿戴的防护工具, 使癌症
患者在接受检査时能够减少受到不必要的辐射。现在 Butsn正在努力将她的发明投入到临床使用中。因此B项 (有创造力的) 最能描述 Macinley Butsn。故选B。
[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了科学家们已经开发出一种新型的智能绷带, 它可以像交通灯一样显示出它所保护的细菌感染类型, 并根据需要释放出正确的药物类型。文章说明了这种绷带的优势以及预测未来的发展。
12. C细节理解题。根据第一段中“Scientists have develped a new type f smart bandage that can signal the type f bacterial infectin it’s prtecting, just like a traffic light, as well as release the right type f drugs n demand. ”可知, 科学家们已经开发出一种新型的智能绷带, 它可以像交通灯一样显示出它所保护的细菌感染类型, 并根据需要释放出正确的药物类型。由此可知, 智能绷带的主要功能是检测细菌感染。故选C
13. A细节理解题。根据第二段中“Hwever, the cmmn methds f sensing resistance are limited by time, the requirement fr prfessinal persnnel, and expensive instruments. "可知, 常用的电阻检测方法受到时间、专业人员的要求和昂贵仪器的限制。根据第三段第一句“It’s easy t see hw a simple bandage and light culd vercme sme f these limitatins. "可知, 很容易看出一个简单的绷带和光可以克服这些限制。由此可知智能绷带的优点是节省很多时间和成本。故选A
14. B推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Effrts t imprve bandages cntinue and nw we’ve gt a bandage that nt nly releases antibitics, but als tells the patient exactly what’s ging n t. 可知, 改进绷带的努力仍在继续, 现在我们有了一种绷带, 不仅能释放抗生素, 还能告诉病人到底发生了什么。由此可推知, 更多的智能绷带将被开发。故选B。
15. B推理判断题。根据第一段中¨ Scientists have develped new type f smart bandage that can signal the type f bacterial infectin it’s prtecting, just like a traffic light, as well as release the right type f drugs n demand. "可知, 科学家们已经开发出种新型的智能绷带, 它可以像交通灯一样显示出它所保护的细菌感染类型, 并根据需要释放出正确的药物类型。文章还说明了这种绷带的优势和未来的发展趋势。由此可推知, 文章的重点是变色绷带。故选B。
[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文, 介绍了在选修网络课程时如何与授课老师建立健康有益的互动交流。这篇文章视角独特, 倡导积极和谐的人际关系和人文情怀。
16. E关联逻辑法解题。空格前说, 在网络课堂上, 与授课老师建立健康的沟通模式是非常重要的, 空格后说, 虽然“我”每个只列出了两条, 但显然还有许多其他情况可能发生。下面的段落紧接着介绍了沟通的注意事项——两“做”和两“不做”, 因此E项“下面是在线学习者应该做和不应该做的一些常见事情”符合语境。本设空类型属于细节理解类。
17. G设题位置法解题。空格后说, 与主题内容相关的问题通常会受欢迎。在询问有关课程设计的问题之前, 阅读教学大纲和学习管理系统信息, 以确保答案不会隐藏在眼皮底下。由此可推知, 此段表达要提出好的有水平的问题, 故选G项“问问题, 但要确保这些问题是好的、深思熟虑的问题”。本设空类型属于段落主题句类。
18. A关联逻辑法解题。空格前说, 参加论坛、博客和其他开放式论坛来进行对话, 空格后为参加论坛等的一些注意事项, A项“那就是它们的作用”符合语境。本设空类型属于细节理解类。
19. C关联逻辑法解题。空格前交代, 如果你需要延长最后期限, 只需向授课老师解释一下情况, 故选C项“如果需要更多的信息, 他们会询问”。本设空类型属于细节理解类
20. F关联逻辑法解题。空格前说, 不要公开表达对授课老师或课程的不满, 空格后提及, 如果授课老师的专业水平或能力确实令人担忧, 一定要使用在线课程评价来冷静地发表你的意见, 因此F项“每个人都曾经有过不太好的上课经历”符合语境。本设空类型属于细节理解类。
[语篇解读]本文是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍弗兰克对狗的训练策略, 他将这些策略运用到生活中, 对生活有很多的帮助。首先, 弗兰克以爱和尊重对待他的狗；其次, 弗兰克将教狗自己捡起毯子, 并把它带到它们想去的任何地方。如果这一策略在狗身上如此奏效, 那对人类也同样起作用。
21. A考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那个教我训练狗的人那里, 我“学到了” (learn) 很多关于培养爱和欣赏的积极认同感的知识。accumulate积累；Imprve改善；distinguish区别。
22. B结合语境可知, 此处表示“以爱和尊重对待狗”, 故选B项treat“对待”。please使高兴；surrund包围；chase追。
23. C结合常识可知, 训练狗需要耐心 (patience) , 故选C项。sympathy同情；cmfrt安慰；hnr尊重。
24. C根据上文的 First可知此处用“接下来” (next) 符合语境。first首先的；last最后的；least最少的。故选C项
25. D根据下文的 sit the dg n the carpet可知此处用“毯子” (carpet) 符合文意。clth布料；meat肉；area区域。
26. A结合上下文可知, 此处是指让狗躺在毯子上睡觉, 故选lie n“躺在……上"hide in隐藏在……里；stand beside站在…旁；play with和起玩。
27. D根据上文的 fr him t each night可知狗晚上睡在毯子上, 故推测白天 (day) 他会把毯子放在不同的地方, 故选D项。mrning早上；afternn下午；evening傍晚。
28. C根据下文的 fr being gd可知此处用“表扬” (praise) 符合语境, 故选C项。blame责备；encurage鼓励；accmpany陪伴。
29. D根据下文的 and carry it t they were ging可知, 要先捡起 (pick up) 毯子才能把它带到其他地方去, 故选D项。carry with带着；care fr关心；cut up切碎。
30. A根据下文的 and n matter where he ges可知此处用“任何地方” (wherever) 符合语境, 故选A项。whenever任何时间；hwever无论如何；whatever任何东西。
31. B根据上文 set the carpet dwn可推测这是在狗停下 (stp) 时发生的动作, 故选B项。run跑；stand站；turn转身。
32. C结合句意可知, 此处是指在弗兰克的表扬下狗有了归属感, belng属于, 符合此处的语境。participate参与；break打破；crrespnd符合, 一致。
33. A结合句意可知, 此处是指狗在任何地方都可以被弗兰克表扬收到 (receive) 他的爱和欣赏, 故选A项。expect期待；ignre忽略；take拿走
34. A根据下文的 wuld it nt wrk just with human beings可知此处用“奏效”符合语境, wrk是原词复现, 故选A项。句意：如果这一策略在狗身上如此奏效, 那难道不会对人类也同样起作用吗?g去；agree同意；apply申请。
35. B此处是指狗通过主人对它的表扬可以找到归属感, 那么人可能也会如此, 用“也” (as well) 符合语境, 故选B项。as pssible尽可能；better than比……更好；still less更不用说。
[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文, 介绍了如何维持健康的亲子关系36. beneficial be beneficial t是固定短语, 意为“对……有益”, 故填37. grwth形容词修饰名词, 故填 grwth
38. neds考查主谓一致。keeping a healthy parent-child bnd是动名词短语作主语, 谓语动词用单数, 故填neds。
39. t imprve此处不定式作定语, 故填 t imprve。
40. hwever此处是 hwever引导的让步状语从句, 故填 hwever。
41. meals meal是可数名词, 故填 meals。
42. which此处是一个非限制性定语从句, 从句缺少主语, 因此用关系代词 which, 故填 which。
43. lved此处过去分词作表语, 故填 lved。
44. have dne根据句意可知, 谓语动词用现在完成时, 故填have
45. n a regular basis是固定短语, 意为“经常, 例行的, 有规律的”, 故填n。
第一节 One pssible versin
Dear Tm,
Time flies! It’s been half a year since yu returned t America. Hw is everything ging n with yur life and study nw?
I intend t recmmend an riginal English classic t help students in ur schl braden their visin and enrich their minds. Classic bks prvide prfund ideas, shwing us the right attitude tward life. T be frank, I find it challenging t select a suitable ne. Wuld yu please give me yur advice? Hpefully, yu will list sme wrks with respective features.
I am grateful and lking frward t yur early reply!
Yurs,
Li Hua
第二节 One pssible versin:
The family carried n with the experiment fr the 6 mnths wither technlgy cntrlling their lives. Ms. Margaret believes they all came ut better fr the experience. The children had a lt mre interactin with each ther and with their mther. Nw that they culd nt text thers, they had t actually see each ther and talk. Meanwhile, the family played bard games tgether, cked meals tgether and read newspapers tgether. Bill ended up develping a serius interest music, and in Susan’s case, she imprved her grades in schl.
Ms Margaret wrte the bk she had planned. The bk became an immediate hit and arused great interest amng many parents. In her bk and in interviews abut the bk, Ms. Margaret describes the pleasant changes that happened in her family and the prgress her children have made. She encurages families t set aside special “screen-free days” where families unplug themselves and spend time tgether, which is exactly what her family have agreed t d after returning frm an enjyable family trip abrad.
[共两节, 满分50分]
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项
A
(2017·全国I卷)
Pacific Science Center Guide
◆ Visit Pacific Science Center’s Stre
Dn’t frget t stp by Pacific Science Centers Stre while yu are here t pick up a wnderful science activity r suvenir t remember yur visit. The stre is lcated (位于) upstairs in Building 3 right next t the Laser Dme.
◆ Hungry?
Our exhibits will feed yur mind, but what abut yur bdy? Our cafe ffers a cmplete menu f lunch and ptins, in additin t seasnal specials. The cafe is lcated upstairs in Building I and is pen daily until ne hur befre Pacific Science Center clses.
◆ Rental infrmatin
Lckers are available t stre any belngings during yur visit. The lckers are lcated in Building I near the Infrmatin Desk and in Building 3. Pushchairs and wheelchairs are available t rent at the Infrmatin Desk and Denny Way entrance. ID required.
◆Supprt Pacific Science Center Since 1962, Pacific Science Center has been inspiring a passin (热情) fr discvery and lifelng learning in science math and technlgy. Tday, Pacific Science Center serves mre than 1. 3 millin peple a year and brings inquiry-based science educatin t classrms and cmmunity events all ver Washingtn State. It’s an amazing accmplishment and ne we cannt achieve withut generus supprt frm individuals, crpratins, and ther scial rganizatins. Visit pacific science center. rg t find varius ways yu can supprt Pacific Science Center.
( )1. Where can yu buy a suvenir at Pacific Science Center?
A. In Building 1
B. In building 3
C. At the laser dme
D. At the Denny way entrance
( )2. What des Pacific Science Center d fr schls?
A. Train science teachers.
B. Distribute science bks.
C. Inspire scientific research.
D. Take science t the classrm.
( )3. What is the purpse f the last part f the text?
A. T encurage dnatins.
B. T advertise cming events.
C. T intrduce special exhibits.
D. T tell abut the Centers histry.
B
(2017·北京卷) Hllywd’s thery that machines with evil (邪恶的) minds will drive armies f killer rbts is just illy. The real prblem relates t the pssibility that artificial intelligence (AI) may becme extremely gd at achieving smething ther than what we really want. In 1960 a well-knwn mathematician Nrbert Wiener, wh funded the field f cybernetics (控制论) , put it this way: “If we use, t achieve ur purpses, a mechanical agency with whse peratin we cannt effectively interfere (干预) , we had better be quite sure that the purpse put int the machine is the purpse which we really desire.”
A machine with a specific purpse has anther quality ne that we usually assciate with living things a wish t preserve its wn existence. Fr the machine, this quality is nt in-brn, nr is it smething intrduced by humans; it is a lgical cnsequence f the simple fact that the machine cannt achieve its riginal purpse if it is dead. S if we send ut a rbt with the single instructin f fetching cffee, it will have a strng desire t secure success by disabling its wn ff switch r even killing anyne wh might interfere with its task. If we are nt careful, then we culd face a kind f glbal chess match against very determined, super intelligent machines whse bjectives cnflict with ur wn, with the real wrld as the chessbard.
The pssibility f entering int and lsing such a match shuld cncentrate the minds f cmputer scientists. Sme researchers argue that we can seal the machines inside a kind f firewall, using them t answer difficult questins but never allwing them t affect the real wrld. Unfrtunately, that plan seems unlikely t wrk we have yet t invent a firewall that is secure against rdinary humans, let alne super intelligent machines.
Slving the safety prblem well enugh t mve frward in AI seems t be pssible but nt easy. There are prbably decades in which t plan fr the arrival f super intelligent machines. But the prblem shuld nt be dismissed ut f hand, as it has been by sme AI researchers. Sme argue that humans and machines can cexist as lng as they wrk in teams yet that is nt pssible unless machines share the gals f humans. Others say we can just switch them ff as if super intelligent machines are t stupid t think f that pssibility. Still thers think that super intelligent AI will never happen. On September 11, 1933, famus physicist Ernest Rutherfrd stated, with cnfidence, Anyne wh expects a surce f pwer in the transfrmatin f these atms is talking mnshine. Hwever, n September 12, 1933, physicist Le Szilard invented the neutrn-induced (中子诱导) nuclear hain reactin.
( )4. Paragraph 1 mainly tells us that artificial intelligence may ________.
A. run ut f human cntrl
B. satisfy humans real desires
C. cmmand armies f killer rbts
D. wrk faster than a mathematician
( )5. Machines with specific purpses are assciated with living things partly because they might be able t ________.
A. prevent themselves frm being destryed.
B. achieve their riginal gals independently.
C. d anything successfully with given rders.
D. beat humans in internatinal chess matches.
( )6. Accrding t sme researchers, we can use firewalls t ________.
A help super intelligent machines wrk better.
B be secure against evil human beings.
C keep machines frm being harmed.
D avid rbts affecting the wrld.
( )7. What des the authr think f the safety prblem f super intelligent machines?
A. It will disappear with the develpment f AI
B. It will get wrse with human interference.
C. It will be slved but with difficulty.
D. It will stay fr a decade.
C
(2020·河北石家庄高三二模) Macinley buts n was just 16 years ld when she first had the idea t try and prtect wmen frm mre-than---necessary radiatin during breast cancer treatment sand nw, her inventin culd be a game changer in the medical field.
Butsn, whse father wrks in medical physics has always been interested in science. but she nly began researching the harmful side effects f radiatin treatment after her father discussed his experience with ineffective cancer treatments in his wrk. Since Butsn had als recently lst a relative t breast cancer, she felt inspired t cnduct her wn research n the subject. She tried t begin her medical research by cnsulting scientific jurnals, but she fund their academic terms almst impssible t understand.
She then turned t the Internet t find vides that taught hw t read scientific jurnals. As she went deeper in her research, she stumbled upn a key bit f infrmatin：cpper (铜) has been shwn t be effective at prtecting skin frm radiatin. An idea hit this Australian teen as she was viewing a film n medieval wars in her 10th grade histry class. When she saw the scaled (鳞片) patterns f the mail (盔甲), she was inspired t create a wearable prtective tl ut f cpper She then headed back nline and watched vides n hw t put tgether tiny scales. She made her wn flexible scale mail which she nw calls Smart：Scale Mail fr Radiatin Therapy.
When her inventin was tested in a labratry setting it reduced surface expsure t unnecessary radiatin by 75%. And nw Butsn is wrking n getting her SMART int clinical settings fr use.
( )8. Why did Macinley Butsn start her research?
A. T assist her father with his wrk.
B. T save her relative frm cancer.
C. T publish sme articles in jurnals.
D. T find effective ways t treat cancer.
( )9. What des the underlined phrase “stumbled upn” in Paragraph 3 prbably mean?
A. Came acrss
B. Missed
C. Passed n
D. Required
( )10. Where did Macinley Butsn get inspiratin fr her inventin?
A. Vides nline
B. Scientific jurnals
C. Histry textbks
D. Sldiers defensive clthes
( )11. Which f the fllwing best describes Macinley Butsn?
A. Stubbrn
B. Creative
C. Selfless
D. Cnsiderate
D
(2020·河北衡水中学高三一模) Scientists have develped a new type f smart bandage (绷带) that can signal the type f bacterial (细菌的) infectin it’s prtecting, just like a traffic light, as well as release the right type f drugs n demand. The traffic light system wrks just like this: Green means n bacteria r a lw cncentratin f bacteria, yellw means drug-sensitive (Ds) bacteria respnsive t standard antibitics (抗生素) and causes antibitic release, and red means drug-resistant (DR) bacteria that need extra help t be wiped ut.
In testing the bandage n mice, the research team was able t successfully treat bth DS and DR infectins using the new methd. Hwever, the cmmn methds f sensing resistance are limited by time, the requirement fr prfessinal persnnel, and expensive instruments. Mrever, the abuse f antibitics causes the accelerated prcess f bacterial resistance.
It’s easy t see hw a simple bandage and light culd vercme sme f these limitatins. Treatment desn’t have t wait fr a dctr t make a diagnsis, and the bandage can get the right srt f drugs applied at the earliest pprtunity What’s mre, the persn wearing the bandage gets real-time
feedback n what’s happening with the infectin, if there’s an infectin at all. The researchers say it ffers numerus benefits ver existing treatments that make use f light, including phtdynamic therapy r PDt.
We’ve been seeing quite a few upgrades t the traditinal bandage in recent years, thanks t advances in science--like the nanfiber mesh that attracts bacteria and draws sme f it ut, speeding up the healing prcess. Then there’s the nvel bandage fr treating burns, which stps bacteria frm multiplying and lwers the risk f infectin.
The mre wrk that a bandage can d while it’s prtecting a wund, the better. effrts t imprve bandages cntinue and nw we’ve gt a bandage that nt nly releases antibitics, but als tells the patient exactly what’s ging n t.
( )12. What is the smart bandage mainly designed t d?
A. Avid the use f antibitics.
B. Clear ut harmful bacteria.
C. Detect bacterial infectins.
D. Increase treatment ptins.
( )13. What is the advantage f the smart bandage?
A. It saves much time and cst.
B. It remves the risk f infectin.
C. It prevents the bacterial resistance.
D. It imprves dctr-patient relatinship.
( )14. What can be inferred frm the last tw paragraphs?
A. Traditinal bandages are ut f use nw.
B Mre smart bandages will be develped.
C. Prgress in science calls fr mre research.
D. Peple are urged t study medical science.
( )15. what des the text fcus n?
A. A successful test n mice.
B A clur-changing bandage.
C. Sensing drug-resistant bacteria.
D. Preventing abuse f antibitics.
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2019·全国Ⅲ卷) In an nline class, develping health patterns f cmmunicatin with prfessrs is very imprtant 16 While I have nly listed tw f each, there are bviusly many ther situatins that can arise. Students shuld be able t extend the lgic (逻辑) f each t their particular circumstance.
D’s
17 Questins abut subject cntent are generally welcmed. Befre asking questins abut the curse design read the syllabus (教学大纲) and learning management system infrmatin t be sure the answer isn’t hiding in plain sight.
Participate in discussin frums (论坛) , blgs and ther pen-ended frums fr dialgue. 18 Be sure t stay n tpic and nt ffer irrelevant infrmatin. Make a pint and make it safe fr thers t d the same.
Dn’ ts
Dn’ t share persnal infrmatin r stries. Prfessrs are nt trained nurses, financial aid experts r yur best friends If yu are in need f a deadline extensin, simply explain the situatin t the prfessr. 19
Dn’t penly express annyance at a prfessr r class 20 When a student attacks a prfessr n the scial media, the language used actually says mre abut the student If there is truly a cncern abut a prfessrs prfessinalism r ability be sure t use nline curse evaluatins t calmly ffer yur cmments.
A. That’s what they are fr.
B. Turn t an nline instructr fr help.
C If mre infrmatin is needed, they will ask.
D. Remember that nline prfessrs get a lt f emails.
E. Belw are sme cmmn ds and dn’ts fr nline learners.
F. Everyne has taken a nt-s-great class at ne time r.
G. Ask questins, but make sure they are gd, thughtful questins.
第二部分语言运用
[共两节, 满分30分]
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
(2020·山东高考模拟) Have yu ever nticed hw the way yu feel abut yurself smetimes depends n whether r nt yu get cnfirmatin f yur value frm thers?
I have 21 a lt abut nurturing a psitive identity f lve and appreciatin frm the man wh taught me t train gs First, he started ut by 22 his dgs with lve and respect, and by shwing them an infinite amunt f 23 as they were learning.
Then, the 24 thing he did was a true strke f genius He wuld cut a small piece f 25 fr each dg. He wuld place it in the dgs sleeping area, fr him t 26 each night. He wuld als take this carpet during the 27 and set it dwn in varius lcatins, and sit the dg n the carpet, as he 28 the dg fr being gd.
Next, Frank wuld teach the dg t 29 the carpet himself, and carry it t 30 they were ging. The dg wuld then set the carpet dwn when they 31 with Frank all f the time praising him. Nw Frank said, The dg begins t feel that he truly 32 in every place he travels t, and n matter where he ges, he 33 my lve and appreciatin.
If this strategy 34 s brilliantly with dgs, wuld it nt wrk just 35 with human beings?
( )21. A. learned B. accumulated C. Imprve D. distinguished
( )22. A. pleasing B. treating C. surrunding D. chasing
( )23. A. sympathy B. cmfrt C. patience D. hnr
( )24. A. first B. last C. next D. least
( )25. A. clth B. meat C. area D. carpet
( )26. A. lie n B. hide in C. stand beside D. play with
( )27. A. mrning B. afternn C. evening D. day
( )28. A. blamed B. encuraged C. praised D. accmpanied
( )29. A. carry with B. care fr C. cut up D. pick
( )30. A. wherever B. whenever C. hwever D. whatever
( )31. A. ranB. stp C. std D. turned
( )32. A. participates B. breaks
C. belngs D. crrespnds
( )33. A. receives B. expects C. ignres D. takes
( )34. A. wrks B. ges C. agrees D. applies
( )35. A. as pssible B. as well
C. better than D. still less
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2020·山东青岛重点高中高三期末) As is knwn t all, a psitive parent-child relatinship is 36 (benefit) t the physical and mental 37 (grw) f children but keeping a healthy parent-child bnd 38 (need) the effrts f bth parties.
Parents shuld take the respnsibility 39 imprve their relatinship with the children. What matters is spending quality time with their children, 40 tight their schedule is. Fr instance, they can eat 41 (meal) tgether, g t sprting events tgether r watch their children’s favrite TV shws tgether, 42 can cntribute greatly t making their children feel safe and 43 (lve) . Children. n the ther hand, shuld let their parents knw they appreciate what their parents 44 (d) fr them. If pssible, they can give their parents a gift n a special day r help with husewrk 45 a regular basis.
N healthy parent-child relatinship is withut cnflict But as lng as parents and children make a jint effrt, they can settle the cnflict and enjy their time tgether.
第三部分写作
[共两节, 满分40分]
第一节 (满分15分)
(2020·浙江绍兴高三一模) 假定你是李华, 将在校报上推荐一部经典原版英语文学作品。请你给美国朋友Tm写一封电子邮件, 征求其意见, 内容包括：
1. 询问近况；2. 求助意图；3. 表示感谢。
注意：1. 词数80左右
2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 (满分25分)
阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2020·浙江绍兴高三一模) When she lked arund her huse, Betty Margaret saw lts f electrnics. Alng with the usual things like her laptp and smart phne, there were all f her kids’ electrnic devices：cell phnes, vide game devices and mre! There seemed t be mre than enugh ways fr her and her three children t be nline all day, every day.
Ms. Margaret wrried that her kids were becming t dependent n the Internet and electrnics. Then she began t reread ne f her favrite bks, Henry Threau’s Walden which gave Ms. Margaret an idea. Threau spent 2 years in a simple cabin withut running water, and having t grw his wn fd. Maybe she and her family culd live withut such luxuries as cmputers and electrnic devices fr a while.
Ms. Margaret talked with her kids and explained that she wanted the family t try living fr 6 mnths withut the Internet, cell phnes, TV, and vide games. Ms. Margaret writes articles fr a newspaper in Australia, and had written several bks as well. She tld her children that if they agreed, she wuld write a bk abut their experience and they culd g n a trip abrad with the mney frm sales f the bk. Her three children agreed, and the experiment Ms. Margaret called, began.
Over the curse f the experiment, the Margaret children had different reactins t life withut electrnics. Befre the experiment began, Anni, the eldest f the children read bks mre than her yunger brther and sister. She therefre had a relatively easy adjustment t the family’s new lifestyle. Anni culd als use the library’s cmputer fr her hmewrk. Bill wh lved t play vide games befre the experiment began had t find a way t spend all f his new free time. He started t spend mre time practicing his saxphne (萨克斯管) Susan, the yungest child in the family, had the hardest time adjusting t life withut electrnics. She felt restless fr the first weeks and later, influenced by her elder sister, gradually began t find interest in the nvel experiences brught b varius bks.
注意：续写的词数应为150左右。
The family carried n with the experiment fr the 6 mnths withut technlgy cntrlling their lives.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Ms. Margaret wrte the bk she had planned.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案
1. B细节理解题。根据题干中的 buy a suvenir可定位到文章第部分。在太平洋科学中心商店 (Pacific Science centers stre) 可以买纪念品, 再根据该部分最后一句“The stre is lcated upstairs in Building3. ”可知, 该商店在三号楼, 故选B项。
A、C、D三项张冠李戴。位于一号楼的咖啡馆和问询处等均不出售纪念品, 排除A项；文章第一部分提到商店紧挨着 Laser Dme, 而不是说在 Laser dme可以买纪念品, 排除C项；根据文章第三部分中的“Pushchairs and wheelchairs are available t rent at the Infrmatin Desk and Denny Way entrance. ”可知, 在 Denny Way的入口处可以租借婴儿车和轮椅, 而不能买纪念品, 排除D项。
2. D细节理解题。根据文章第四部分中的“Tday, Pacific Science Center. brings inquiry-based science educatin t classrms. "H知, 太平洋科学中心把基于探究的科学教育带入课堂, 故选D项。A、B两项无中生有, 文章没有提到“培训科学教师”和“分发科学书籍”。C项曲解文意, 根据文章第四部分中的“…Inspiring a passin fr discvery and lifelng learning in science, math and technlgy. ”可知, 太平洋科学中心激励着人们在科学、数学和技术方面有所发现以及终身学习, 而不是激励着人们进行科学研究。
3. A推理判断题。根据文章第四部分中的¨Ⅴisit pacific science center. rg t find varius ways yu can supprt Pacific Science Center可知, 该部分的写作目的是鼓励人们以各种方式支持太平洋科学中心, 也就是鼓励人们捐款, 故选A项。B、C两项无中生有该部分没有提到“宣传即将举行的活动”和“介绍特殊的展览”。D项曲解文意, 该部分提到了自1962年以来太平洋科学中心做的事情, 但这不是为了讲述该中心的历史, 而是为下文鼓励人们捐款作铺垫。
[语篇解读]本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了人工智能随着科技的发展可能超出人类的控制以及人类应如何应对此类安全问题。
4. A细节理解题。由第一段中的 artificial intelligence (AI) may becme extremely gd at achieving smething ther than what we really want“人工智能可能会变得极度善于达成某事而不是我们真正想要的那样”可知, 人工智能可能会超出人类控制，故选A项。B项“满足人类的真正渴望”, C项“指挥机器人杀手军队”, D项“比数学家工作更快”, 均与第一段所提到的人工智能无关。
5. A细节理解题。由题干中的 machines with specific purpses可定位到第二段第一句“A machine with a specific purpse has anther quality, ne that we usually assciate with living things a wish t preserve its wn existence. ”, 由此可知, 机器人要保证自己的存在, 即A项“避免它们自己被消灭掉”。B项“独立到它们的初始目标”, C项“按照既有指令成功地完成任何事，D项“在国际象棋比赛中击败人类”, 均答非所问
6. D细节理解题。由第三段中的“Sme researchers argue that we can seal the machines inside a kind f firewall, using them t answer difficult questins but never allwing them t affect the real wrld. 可知, 一些研究者认为, 我们可以用防火墙让机器人回答难题, 但从不允许它们影响真实世界, 故选D项“避免机器人影
响世界”。A项“帮助超级智能机器更好地工作”, B项“反抗邪恶人类, 保证安全”, C项“保护机器不受损害”, 都不是防火墙的用途, 均可排除。
7. C作者观点题。由最后一段首句“Slving the safety prblem well enugh t mve frward in AI seems t be pssible but nt easy可知, 作者认为, 解决超级智能机器的安全问题是可能的, 但并非易事, 故选C项。A项“随着人工智能的发展, 超级智能机器的安全问题会消失”；B项“随着人类干预, 超级智能机器的安全问题会更严重”；D项“超级智能机器的安全问题会存在十年之久”, 均在文中找不到依据
[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了当时只有16岁的Macinley Butsn用铜制成了一种可穿戴的防护工具, 使乳腺癌症患者在接受检查时能够减少受到不必要的辐射。现在 Butsn正在努力将她的发明投入到临床使用中。
8. D推理判断题。根据第二段中的“But she nly began researching the harmful side effects f radiatin treatment after her father discussed his experience with ineffective cancer treatments in his wrk. ”可知, 但在她的父亲讲述了自己在工作中治疗癌症无效的经历后, 她开始研究放射治疗的有害副作用。由此判断出Macinley Butsn开始她的研究的原因是寻找治疗癌症的有效方法。故选D。
9. A词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“She then turned t the Internet find vides that taught hw t read scientific jurnals. An idea hit this Australian teen as she was viewing a film n medieval wars in her 10th grade histry class. When she saw the scaled patterns f the mail, she was inspired t create a wearable prtective tl ut f cpper:”可知, 她到网上找到可以教如何阅读科学期刊的视频。这位澳大利亚青少年在10年级历史课上观看一部有关中世纪战争的电影时, 心中产生了一个念头。当她看到盔甲的鳞片图案时, 她受到启发, 用铜制成了一种可穿戴的防护工具。因此画线短语所在句子的意思是“随着她的研究的深人, 她偶然发现了一些关键信息：铜被证明可以有效保护皮肤免受辐射”。由此可知, 画线短语的意思是“偶然发现”。故选A。
10. D细节理解题。根据第三段中的“An idea hit this Australian teen as she was viewing a film n medieval wars in her 10th grade histry class. When she saw the scaled patterns f the mail, she was inspired t create a wearable prtective tl ut f cpper可知, 这位澳大利亚青少年在10年级历史课上观看一部有关中世纪战争的电影时, 心中产生了一个念头。当她看到盔甲的鳞片图案时, 她受到启发, 用铜制成了一种可穿戴的防护工具。因此 Macinley Butsn的发明灵感来自士兵的防护盔甲。故选D
11. B推理判断题。根据第三段中的“When she saw the scaled patterns f the mail, she was inspired t create a wearable prtective tl ut f cpper. ”可知, 文章讲述了当时只有16岁的Macinley Butsn用铜制成了一种可穿戴的防护工具, 使癌症
患者在接受检査时能够减少受到不必要的辐射。现在 Butsn正在努力将她的发明投入到临床使用中。因此B项 (有创造力的) 最能描述 Macinley Butsn。故选B。
[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了科学家们已经开发出一种新型的智能绷带, 它可以像交通灯一样显示出它所保护的细菌感染类型, 并根据需要释放出正确的药物类型。文章说明了这种绷带的优势以及预测未来的发展。
12. C细节理解题。根据第一段中“Scientists have develped a new type f smart bandage that can signal the type f bacterial infectin it’s prtecting, just like a traffic light, as well as release the right type f drugs n demand. ”可知, 科学家们已经开发出一种新型的智能绷带, 它可以像交通灯一样显示出它所保护的细菌感染类型, 并根据需要释放出正确的药物类型。由此可知, 智能绷带的主要功能是检测细菌感染。故选C
13. A细节理解题。根据第二段中“Hwever, the cmmn methds f sensing resistance are limited by time, the requirement fr prfessinal persnnel, and expensive instruments. "可知, 常用的电阻检测方法受到时间、专业人员的要求和昂贵仪器的限制。根据第三段第一句“It’s easy t see hw a simple bandage and light culd vercme sme f these limitatins. "可知, 很容易看出一个简单的绷带和光可以克服这些限制。由此可知智能绷带的优点是节省很多时间和成本。故选A
14. B推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Effrts t imprve bandages cntinue and nw we’ve gt a bandage that nt nly releases antibitics, but als tells the patient exactly what’s ging n t. 可知, 改进绷带的努力仍在继续, 现在我们有了一种绷带, 不仅能释放抗生素, 还能告诉病人到底发生了什么。由此可推知, 更多的智能绷带将被开发。故选B。
15. B推理判断题。根据第一段中¨ Scientists have develped new type f smart bandage that can signal the type f bacterial infectin it’s prtecting, just like a traffic light, as well as release the right type f drugs n demand. "可知, 科学家们已经开发出种新型的智能绷带, 它可以像交通灯一样显示出它所保护的细菌感染类型, 并根据需要释放出正确的药物类型。文章还说明了这种绷带的优势和未来的发展趋势。由此可推知, 文章的重点是变色绷带。故选B。
[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文, 介绍了在选修网络课程时如何与授课老师建立健康有益的互动交流。这篇文章视角独特, 倡导积极和谐的人际关系和人文情怀。
16. E关联逻辑法解题。空格前说, 在网络课堂上, 与授课老师建立健康的沟通模式是非常重要的, 空格后说, 虽然“我”每个只列出了两条, 但显然还有许多其他情况可能发生。下面的段落紧接着介绍了沟通的注意事项——两“做”和两“不做”, 因此E项“下面是在线学习者应该做和不应该做的一些常见事情”符合语境。本设空类型属于细节理解类。
17. G设题位置法解题。空格后说, 与主题内容相关的问题通常会受欢迎。在询问有关课程设计的问题之前, 阅读教学大纲和学习管理系统信息, 以确保答案不会隐藏在眼皮底下。由此可推知, 此段表达要提出好的有水平的问题, 故选G项“问问题, 但要确保这些问题是好的、深思熟虑的问题”。本设空类型属于段落主题句类。
18. A关联逻辑法解题。空格前说, 参加论坛、博客和其他开放式论坛来进行对话, 空格后为参加论坛等的一些注意事项, A项“那就是它们的作用”符合语境。本设空类型属于细节理解类。
19. C关联逻辑法解题。空格前交代, 如果你需要延长最后期限, 只需向授课老师解释一下情况, 故选C项“如果需要更多的信息, 他们会询问”。本设空类型属于细节理解类
20. F关联逻辑法解题。空格前说, 不要公开表达对授课老师或课程的不满, 空格后提及, 如果授课老师的专业水平或能力确实令人担忧, 一定要使用在线课程评价来冷静地发表你的意见, 因此F项“每个人都曾经有过不太好的上课经历”符合语境。本设空类型属于细节理解类。
[语篇解读]本文是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍弗兰克对狗的训练策略, 他将这些策略运用到生活中, 对生活有很多的帮助。首先, 弗兰克以爱和尊重对待他的狗；其次, 弗兰克将教狗自己捡起毯子, 并把它带到它们想去的任何地方。如果这一策略在狗身上如此奏效, 那对人类也同样起作用。
21. A考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那个教我训练狗的人那里, 我“学到了” (learn) 很多关于培养爱和欣赏的积极认同感的知识。accumulate积累；Imprve改善；distinguish区别。
22. B结合语境可知, 此处表示“以爱和尊重对待狗”, 故选B项treat“对待”。please使高兴；surrund包围；chase追。
23. C结合常识可知, 训练狗需要耐心 (patience) , 故选C项。sympathy同情；cmfrt安慰；hnr尊重。
24. C根据上文的 First可知此处用“接下来” (next) 符合语境。first首先的；last最后的；least最少的。故选C项
25. D根据下文的 sit the dg n the carpet可知此处用“毯子” (carpet) 符合文意。clth布料；meat肉；area区域。
26. A结合上下文可知, 此处是指让狗躺在毯子上睡觉, 故选lie n“躺在……上"hide in隐藏在……里；stand beside站在…旁；play with和起玩。
27. D根据上文的 fr him t each night可知狗晚上睡在毯子上, 故推测白天 (day) 他会把毯子放在不同的地方, 故选D项。mrning早上；afternn下午；evening傍晚。
28. C根据下文的 fr being gd可知此处用“表扬” (praise) 符合语境, 故选C项。blame责备；encurage鼓励；accmpany陪伴。
29. D根据下文的 and carry it t they were ging可知, 要先捡起 (pick up) 毯子才能把它带到其他地方去, 故选D项。carry with带着；care fr关心；cut up切碎。
30. A根据下文的 and n matter where he ges可知此处用“任何地方” (wherever) 符合语境, 故选A项。whenever任何时间；hwever无论如何；whatever任何东西。
31. B根据上文 set the carpet dwn可推测这是在狗停下 (stp) 时发生的动作, 故选B项。run跑；stand站；turn转身。
32. C结合句意可知, 此处是指在弗兰克的表扬下狗有了归属感, belng属于, 符合此处的语境。participate参与；break打破；crrespnd符合, 一致。
33. A结合句意可知, 此处是指狗在任何地方都可以被弗兰克表扬收到 (receive) 他的爱和欣赏, 故选A项。expect期待；ignre忽略；take拿走
34. A根据下文的 wuld it nt wrk just with human beings可知此处用“奏效”符合语境, wrk是原词复现, 故选A项。句意：如果这一策略在狗身上如此奏效, 那难道不会对人类也同样起作用吗?g去；agree同意；apply申请。
35. B此处是指狗通过主人对它的表扬可以找到归属感, 那么人可能也会如此, 用“也” (as well) 符合语境, 故选B项。as pssible尽可能；better than比……更好；still less更不用说。
[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文, 介绍了如何维持健康的亲子关系36. beneficial be beneficial t是固定短语, 意为“对……有益”, 故填37. grwth形容词修饰名词, 故填 grwth
38. neds考查主谓一致。keeping a healthy parent-child bnd是动名词短语作主语, 谓语动词用单数, 故填neds。
39. t imprve此处不定式作定语, 故填 t imprve。
40. hwever此处是 hwever引导的让步状语从句, 故填 hwever。
41. meals meal是可数名词, 故填 meals。
42. which此处是一个非限制性定语从句, 从句缺少主语, 因此用关系代词 which, 故填 which。
43. lved此处过去分词作表语, 故填 lved。
44. have dne根据句意可知, 谓语动词用现在完成时, 故填have
45. n a regular basis是固定短语, 意为“经常, 例行的, 有规律的”, 故填n。
第一节 One pssible versin
Dear Tm,
Time flies! It’s been half a year since yu returned t America. Hw is everything ging n with yur life and study nw?
I intend t recmmend an riginal English classic t help students in ur schl braden their visin and enrich their minds. Classic bks prvide prfund ideas, shwing us the right attitude tward life. T be frank, I find it challenging t select a suitable ne. Wuld yu please give me yur advice? Hpefully, yu will list sme wrks with respective features.
I am grateful and lking frward t yur early reply!
Yurs,
Li Hua
第二节 One pssible versin:
The family carried n with the experiment fr the 6 mnths wither technlgy cntrlling their lives. Ms. Margaret believes they all came ut better fr the experience. The children had a lt mre interactin with each ther and with their mther. Nw that they culd nt text thers, they had t actually see each ther and talk. Meanwhile, the family played bard games tgether, cked meals tgether and read newspapers tgether. Bill ended up develping a serius interest music, and in Susan’s case, she imprved her grades in schl.
Ms Margaret wrte the bk she had planned. The bk became an immediate hit and arused great interest amng many parents. In her bk and in interviews abut the bk, Ms. Margaret describes the pleasant changes that happened in her family and the prgress her children have made. She encurages families t set aside special “screen-free days” where families unplug themselves and spend time tgether, which is exactly what her family have agreed t d after returning frm an enjyable family trip abrad.
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