备战2025年高考二轮复习英语阅读理解 考点分类练5　推理判断题（3）（Word版附解析）

这是一份备战2025年高考二轮复习英语阅读理解 考点分类练5　推理判断题（3）（Word版附解析），共7页。
主题:独处 词数:306 难度:★★★☆☆
A few years ag,I walked int Panera and placed my rder.As I sat dwn,I nticed that at the table next t me,there was an lder man with a cap eating his sup alne.At the sight f this,a feeling f sadness began t wash ver me.Why was he eating alne? Was he lnely? Did he want smene t keep him cmpany?
This wasn’t the first time I’d felt sad when I nticed smene eating alne.I autmatically assume they’re lnely and need smene t be there fr them.Fr sme reasn,eating with ther peple is the nrm.Mdern sciety has evlved t the pint where mst peple eat with thers and d almst every activity tgether.If we need t get lunch befre a class,we’d rather ask arund t see if smene will cme with us.But is it pssible we just dn’t want t appear lnely?
Fr me,it’s easy t get pressured t have t be arund ther peple when I see everyne else arund me accmpanied by a friend almst all the time.S many peple are always arund smene else,and that may make peple think we always need smene with us t feel better abut urselves.
But that’s nt true.We can enjy being alne.Nt everyne needs t be cnstantly surrunded by friends t be happy.And we shuldn’t be afraid t eat alne if that’s what we want t d.We dn’t have t d what everyne else des.
Ultimately,I dn’t think I’ll ever nt get sad if I see smene eating alne,but I’ll bear in mind that maybe they just want a break frm the wrld,r that maybe they prefer it that way.It’s imprtant t realize seeing smene ding smething alne desn’t always mean they’re lnely.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲的是作者对独处的一些看法。
1.Why des the authr mentin her experience at Panera a few years ag?
A.T intrduce the tpic f caring fr ld peple.
B.T start the discussin abut peple eating alne.
C.T describe a memrable encunter.
D.T illustrate the benefits f eating alne utside.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Why was he eating alne? Was he lnely? Did he want smene t keep him cmpany?”和第二段中的“This wasn’t the first time I’d felt sad when I nticed smene eating alne.I autmatically assume they’re lnely and need smene t be there fr them.”可知,作者提到她几年前在Panera的经历是为了开始讨论人们独自吃饭的问题。
2.What des the authr think f the nrm f eating with ther peple?
A.It is a gd way t avid awkwardness.
B.It helps maintain scial cnnectins.
C.It is cmmn but deserves questining.
D.It is unreasnable and unacceptable.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Fr sme reasn,eating with ther peple is the nrm.Mdern sciety has evlved t the it pssible we just dn’t want t appear lnely?”可知,作者认为和别人吃饭的这种做法很常见,但值得质疑。
3.Hw des the authr feel when peple arund her have cmpany but she desn’t?
A.Uncmfrtable.B.Islated.
C.Envius.D.Relaxed.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Fr me,it’s easy t get pressured t have t be arund ther peple when I see everyne else arund me accmpanied by a friend almst all the time.”可知,当她周围的人都有人陪伴,而她却没有时,作者感到不舒服。
4.What message des the authr want t cnvey?
A.Scial relatinships are unnecessary.
B.Peple need t be alne t recharge.
C.Lneliness is unavidable in ur daily life.
D.Being alne desn’t equate t lneliness.
答案 D
解析 主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的“It’s imprtant t realize seeing smene ding smething alne desn’t always mean they’re lnely.”可知,作者想要传达的信息是独处并不等于孤独。
Passage 2 (2024湖南常德一模)
主题:完美主义 词数:351 难度:★★★☆☆
“S,Mr.Albert,yu’ve tld us abut yur strengths but what abut yur weaknesses?” It’s a cmmn interview questin.T which a classic humblebrag (谦虚自夸) reply is,“Well,I must admit that I’m a bit f a perfectinist.” After all,what cmpany wuldn’t want t emply smebdy wh seeks perfectin? But it turns ut that there is a prfund difference between high-achievers and perfectinists.In a cruel irny,the perfectinist traits culd actually prevent smene frm achieving their full ptential.
The rts f perfectinism actually lie in a deep desire t feel perfect.Mst ften a perfectinist persnality is frmed in reactin t sme frm f childhd trauma.Fr example,fllwing her parents’ divrce,a yung girl might strive t always be gd,t always be perfect because at sme level she believes that it must have been her fault that her parents separated.S as lng as she is perfect,nthing s terrible wuld happen again.
Given such rigins,it appears that the thinking and emtinal styles assciated with perfectinism are particularly dangerus t mental health.Think f the harshest and merciless perfectinists yu knw.They always,always,always find fault.Their cgnitive(认知) styles include all-r-nthing thinking,where nly perfectin is seen as an acceptable result;fear f failure,where a perfectinist is driven by fear rather than pulled by the prspect f success in their endeavrs;defensiveness in the face f cnstructive criticism.All f these seem t be linked t a wide range f psychlgical prblems including eating disrders,anxiety and depressin,and even suicide.
Changing this mindset is the key t treating the cnditin when it becmes a disrder but it is difficult t achieve.Perfectinists are essentially in an abusive relatinship with themselves.It’s hard enugh t withdraw frm abusive relatinships with thers.Hw much harder is it when yu yurself are the abuser? S perhaps a better answer t the interview questin psed at the start f this article wuld be,“I used t be a perfectinist but nw I’m well n the rad t recvery.”
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了完美主义的特质实际上可能会阻碍一个人充分发挥自己的潜力,解释了完美主义产生的原因以及对心理造成的危险。
5.Why des the authr mentin the interview questin in paragraph 1?
A.T prvide an example.
B.T intrduce the tpic.
C.T supprt the argument.
D.T attract readers’ interest.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“After all,what cmpany wuldn’t want t emply smebdy wh seeks perfectin? But it turns ut that there is a prfund difference between high-achievers and perfectinists.In a cruel irny,the perfectinist traits culd actually prevent smene frm achieving their full ptential.”可知,作者在第一段提到了面试问题是为了引入话题。
6.Wh will mst prbably becme a perfectinist?
A.A high-achiever.
B.A persn wh always finds fault.
C.An vercnfident man.
D.A sn f a vilent alchlic father.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Mst ften a perfectinist persnality is frmed in reactin t sme frm f childhd s terrible wuld happen again.”可知,完美主义常形成于童年创伤,因此暴力酗酒父亲的儿子最有可能成为完美主义者。故选D项。
7.What des paragraph 3 mainly talk abut?
A.Perfectinism ften has three different types.
B.Perfectinism has a bad effect n physical health.
C.Perfectinism is caused by high persnal standard.
D.Perfectinism is a risk factr fr psychlgical disrders.
答案 D
解析 主旨大意题。根据第三段内容可知,第三段主要讲了完美主义是心理障碍的危险因素。
8.What des the authr think f perfectinism?
A.It’s hard fr peple t get rid f it.
B.It drives peple t achieve success.
C.It’s mre f a strength than a weakness.
D.It inevitably leads t mental prblems.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Changing this mindset is the key t treating the cnditin when it becmes a disrder but it is difficult t achieve.”可知,作者认为人们很难摆脱完美主义。故选A项。
Passage 3 (2024浙江杭州一模)
主题:原谅 词数:340 难度:★★★★☆
Is frgiveness against ur human nature? T answer ur questin,we need t ask a further questin:What is the essence f ur humanity? Fr the sake f simplicity,peple cnsider tw distinctly different views f humanity.The first view invlves dminance and pwer.In an early paper n the psychlgy f frgiveness,Drll (1984) made the interesting claim that humans’ essential nature is mre aggressive than frgiving allws.Thse wh frgive are against their basic nature,much t their harm.In his pinin,frgivers are cmprmising their well-being as they ffer mercy t thers,wh might then take advantage f them.
The secnd view invlves the theme f cperatin,mutual respect,and even lve as the basis f wh we are as humans.Researchers find that t fully grw as human beings,we need bth t receive lve frm and ffer lve t thers.Withut lve,ur cnnectins with a wide range f individuals in ur lives can fall apart.Even cmmn sense strngly suggests that the will t pwer ver thers des nt make fr harmnius interactins.Fr example,hw well has slavery wrked as a mde f scial harmny?
Frm this secnd viewpint f wh we are as humans,frgiveness plays a key rle in the bilgical and psychlgical integrity f bth individuals and cmmunities because ne f the utcmes f frgiveness,shwn thrugh scientific studies,is the decreasing f hatred and the restratin f harmny.Frgiveness can break the cycle f anger.At least t the extent the peple frm whm yu are estranged accept yur lve and frgiveness and are prepared t make the required adjustments.Frgiveness can heal relatinships and recnnect peple.
As an imprtant nte,when we take a Classical philsphical perspective,that f Aristtle,we see the distinctin between ptentiality and actuality.We are nt necessarily brn with the capacity t frgive,but instead with the ptential t learn abut it and t grw in ur ability t frgive.The actuality f frgiving,its actual apprpriatin in cnflict situatins,develps with practice.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。文章围绕“原谅是否违背人类本性”这一主题进行了深入的探讨和论证,通过对比不同的人类本性观点,分析了“原谅”在个体和社区中的作用和意义。
9.What is Drll’s idea abut frgiveness?
A.Peple shuld ffer mercy t thers.
B.Aggressive peple shuld learn t frgive.
C.Frgiveness depends n the nature f humanity.
D.Peple wh frgive can have their wn welfare affected.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“In an early paper n the psychlgy f might then take advantage f them.”可知,Drll认为宽恕的人违背了他们的本性,对他们造成了很大的伤害,他认为宽恕者在向他人提供仁慈的同时,也在损害自己的幸福。
10.What des the example in paragraph 2 illustrate?
A.T frgive is t lve.
B.T dminate is t harm.
C.T fight is t grw.
D.T give is t receive.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据文章第二段所举例子上文“Researchers find that t fully grw as human beings,we need bth t receive lve nt make fr harmnius interactins.”可知,没有爱,我们与他人的联系就会破裂,控制他人的意愿并不会促成和谐的互动;奴隶制是一个基于对他人的支配和控制的制度,它造成了大量的伤害和痛苦。“Fr example,hw well has slavery wrked as a mde f scial harmny?”以奴隶社会举例,以反问的方式来阐明试图通过支配和权力来控制他人并不能带来真正的和谐或幸福,即控制就是伤害。
11.What is the writer’s attitude tward frgiveness?
A.Favrable.B.Reserved.
C.Objective.D.Skeptical.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段内容可知,作者认为原谅在个体和社区生物学和心理学完整性中起关键作用,指出原谅能够减少仇恨、恢复和谐,并且能够打破愤怒的循环。作者还提到原谅可以治愈关系,让人们重新建立联系。这些观点都表明作者对原谅持支持的态度。
12.What is the message f the last paragraph?
A.Frgiveness is in ur nature.
B.Frgiveness grws with time.
C.It takes practice t frgive.
D.Actuality is based n ptentiality.
答案 C
解析 主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段内容可知,最后一段主要传达了原谅需要实践的信息。作者通过引用古典哲学中关于潜在性和实际性的观点,指出我们并不是天生就具备原谅的能力,而是需要通过学习和实践来培养和发展这种能力。因此,原谅并不是一种自然而然的行为,而是需要我们付出努力去实践的。