备战2025年高考二轮复习英语阅读理解 考点分类练4　推理判断题（2）（Word版附解析）

这是一份备战2025年高考二轮复习英语阅读理解 考点分类练4　推理判断题（2）（Word版附解析），共7页。
主题:盲人到塔上参观 词数:384 难度:★★★☆☆
It was a sunny winter day.I had gne up and dwn the twer when,utside the little dr at the ft,a blind man came tward me.He was a pale,thin man with dark glasses.He kept clse t the inner wall f the curtyard.On reaching the dr,he tuched it and sharply turned inside.In a mment,he disappeared up the staircase.I std still,lking at the little sign that said “T the Twer...”.I felt bliged t fllw.
I didn’t fllw clsely.I caught up with him in the ticket ffice.There I was surprised t see the attendant selling him a ticket as thugh he were any ther visitr.With the ticket in ne hand and tuching the wall with the ther,he reached the staircase leading t the hallway.
“That man is blind,” I said t the attendant,but he shwed n cncern.“He’s blind,” I repeated.He didn’t answer,lking at me vacantly.
“Perhaps he wants t jump,” I said.But his chair was t cmfrtable.He didn’t stir.He still lked dwn at a crsswrd puzzle he had begun.I turned tward the staircase.
“The ticket,” the attendant said,rising frm his chair.It seemed the nly thing that culd mve him.After purchasing my ticket,I hurried up the staircase.
The man hadn’t gne as far as I imagined.After ten minutes,I apprached him.“Excuse me,” I said as plitely as I culd,“but I am very curius t knw why yu came up.”
“Yu’d never guess,” he said.
“Nt the view,I take it,r the fresh air n this winter day,” I said.
He smiled.“Cming up the stairs,ne can feel the change—the cl staircase suddenly becmes quite warm and hw up here behind the wall there is shade,but as sn as ne ges ppsite a narrw windw ne finds the sun.In all f Siena there is n place s gd as here.”
He mved int the sunlight.Then he stepped int the shade.“Light,shade,light,shade,” he said,and seemed as pleased as a child wh,in a game f hpsctch,jumps frm square t square.
We went dwn the twer tgether.I left him,gladdened as ne can nly be by the sunlight.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者看到一个盲人买票到塔上去参观,他跟上去,后来得知原来盲人是来塔上感受光影变化的,盲人也能感受到世界的美好。
1.Why did the authr fllw the blind man?
A.T ffer timely help.
B.T satisfy his curisity.
C.T teach him a lessn.
D.T prevent him frm climbing up.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。由文章第一段中的“On reaching the dr,he tuched it and sharply turned inside.In a mment,he disappeared up the staircase.I std still,lking at the little sign that said ‘T the Twer...’.I felt bliged t fllw.”以及下文推测可知,作者跟随盲人是为了及时为他提供帮助。故选A项。
2.What was the attendant’s attitude t visitrs?
A.Enthusiastic. B.Cncerned.
C.Indifferent.D.Skeptical.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。由文章第三段中的“He didn’t answer,lking at me vacantly.”以及第四段中的“He still lked dwn at a crsswrd puzzle he had begun.I turned tward the staircase.”可知,服务人员对来访者漠不关心。故选C项。
3.What encuraged the blind man t climb the twer?
A.The fresh air n the tp.
B.The pleasant childhd memries.
C.The fantastic view frm the twer.
D.The striking cntrast between light and shade.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。由文章倒数第三段“He smiled.‘Cming up the stairs,ne can feel the change—the cl staircase suddenly becmes quite warm and hw up here behind the wall there is shade,but as sn as ne ges ppsite a narrw windw ne finds the sun.In all f Siena there is n place s gd as here.’”以及倒数第二段中的“Light,shade,light,shade”可知,明暗之间的鲜明对比促使盲人爬上了那座塔。
4.What message des the writer want t cnvey in the text?
A.Nature is the best gift fr humanity.
B.When ne dr shuts,anther pens in life.
C.Every individual can appreciate beauty in life.
D.The disadvantaged deserve care frm the sciety.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。由文章倒数第二段“He mved int the sunlight.Then he stepped int the shade.‘Light,shade,light,shade,’he said,and seemed as pleased as a child wh,in a game f hpsctch,jumps frm square t square.”以及上下文可知,文章主要讲述了一次作者看到一个盲人买票到塔上去参观,他跟上去,后来得知原来盲人是来塔上感受光影变化的,盲人也能感受到世界的美好,从而表达每个人都能欣赏生活中的美。
Passage 2 (2024江西九江二模)
主题:研究发现 词数:332 难度:★★★★☆
When a scent mved gently thrugh the air in the bedrms f lder adults fr tw hurs every night fr just six mnths,their memries skyrcketed.Participants in this study by UCI (University f Califrnia,Irvine) Centre reaped a 226% increase in cgnitive(认知的) capacity cmpared t the cntrl grup.The researchers say the finding transfrms the lng-knwn tie between smell and memry int an easy,nn-invasive(无创的) technique fr strengthening memry and ptentially preventing dementia.The team’s study appears in Frntiers in Neurscience.
The study was cnducted thrugh the UCI Center fr the Neurbilgy f Learning & Memry.It invlved men and wmen aged 60 t 85 withut memry disrders.They were each given a diffuser (扩散器) and seven small bttles,each cntaining a single and different natural il.Peple in the enriched grup received full-strength bttles.Cntrl grup participants were given the ils in tiny amunts.Participants put a different bttle int their diffuser each evening prir t ging t bed,and it remained active fr tw hurs as they slept.
Peple in the enriched grup shwed a 226% increase in cgnitive perfrmance cmpared t the cntrl grup,as measured by a wrd list test cmmnly used t evaluate memry.CT imaging revealed better integrity brain pathway.The pathway affects decisin-making ability and usually becmes less pwerful with age.Participants als reprted sleeping mre sundly.
Scientists have lng knwn that the lss f lfactry capacity,r ability t smell,can predict develpment f nearly 70 different kinds f diseases including Alzheimer’s and ther dementia.Researchers have previusly fund that expsing peple with mderate dementia t up t 40 different scents twice a day ver a perid f time bsted their memries and language skills,alleviated depressin and imprved their lfactry capacities.Later,the UCI team decided t try making this technique easier fr lder adults.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了加州大学尔湾分校神经科学家进行了一项为期六个月的研究,研究发现,老年人的卧室里每晚持续两个小时的香味,会使老人的记忆激增。
5.What des the underlined wrd “skyrcketed” in paragraph 1 prbably mean?
A.Dramatically declined.
B.Slightly imprved.
C.Severely weakened.
D.Significantly increased.
答案 D
解析 词句猜测题。根据画线词下文“Participants in this study by UCI (University f Califrnia,Irvine) Centre reaped a 226% increase in cgnitive memry and ptentially preventing dementia.”可知,香味可以极大地提高老年人的记忆力,因此推断画线词与D项“显著提高”意思相近。故选D项。
6.What d we knw abut the experiment described in paragraph 2?
A.All f the bttles cntain the identical natural il.
B.The given il amunt varies frm grup t grup.
C.Each participant is distributed eight il-filled bttles.
D.N requirement is fr participants except age and sex.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容可知,给的精油量因组而异。故选B项。
7.What is the authr’s main purpse in writing the passage?
A.T reprt a study n scent expsure bsting memry.
B.T shw a methd t predict develpment f diseases.
C.T reveal the relatinship between smell and memry.
D.T draw public attentin t memry lss in lder adults.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“The researchers say the finding transfrms the lng-knwn tie between smell and memry int an easy,nn-invasive technique fr strengthening memry and ptentially preventing dementia.The team’s study appears in Frntiers in Neurscience.”以及下文内容可知,文章主要介绍了加州大学尔湾分校神经科学家进行了一项为期六个月的研究,研究发现,老年人的卧室里每晚持续两个小时的香味,会使老人的记忆激增。作者的写作目的是报告一项关于接触气味会促进记忆的研究。故选A项。
8.What will the fllw-up paragraph mst prbably talk abut?
A.The apprach t enhancing language skills.
B.The reasn behind simplifying the technique.
C.The pssibility f relieving severe depressin.
D.The slutin t recvering lfactry capacities.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“Researchers have previusly fund that expsing peple with mderate dementia t up t 40 different fr lder adults.”可知,接下来团队决定尝试简化这项技术,让老年人更容易使用这项技术,提高他们的记忆力和语言技能,减轻抑郁,提高嗅觉能力。故选B项。
Passage 3 (2024山东临沂一模)
主题:研究发现 词数:342 难度:★★★★★
When American anthrplgist Clin Turnbull published The Muntain Peple in 1972,he referred t his subjects—a Ugandan grup called the Ik—as “the lveless peple”.After tw years f bservatins,he decided that they reflected humanity’s basic instincts(本能):cheat,thievery,and pitilessness.But when Athena Aktipis and her clleagues frm the Human Genersity Prject tk a deeper lk,they identified a cmmunity that shared everything.“Turnbull had visited Uganda during a disastrus famine(饥荒).All he saw is what happens when peple are starving,” says Aktipis.But her team revealed that despite living under pressure,the Ik placed a high value n helping ne anther when they culd.
Aktipis believes that altruism is mre cmmn and beneficial than evlutinary scial science has lng thught.“It was assumed that peple are designed t nly d things t help themselves r their relatives,”she says.By studying the unique,selfless practices that helped nine cmmunities acrss the wrld t cntinue t exist,the experts frm the Prject are lking t shw that we are indeed capable f widespread cperatin.
The Maasai peple in Kenya prvide ne f the prject’s main pints.They rely n tw-way friendships fr resurces like fd r water when they’re in need,withut expecting any repayment.Als,a wrld away,in New Mexic,while flks ften help transprt cattle and receive supprt in return,they will assist withut repayment if smene faces difficulties,such as an injury r the death f a lved ne.
Aktipis believes theretical framewrks she’s perfected thrugh studying these grups can apply bradly t any interdependent systems.Her big gal is t design scial-service systems that supprt everyne.Take market-based insurance in the United States as an example:It’s priced based n individual risk factrs such as health histries and where peple live,which means millins f Americans can’t affrd it.But in a system built n neighbring,pled csts(合并成本) wuld level the burden during cllective hardship like natural disasters.
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述Athena Aktipis通过研究一个被称作Ik人的乌干达群体发现,他们非常重视互相帮助,Aktipis认为利他主义比进化社会科学长期以来认为的更为普遍和有益,可以通过合作建立一个对抗集体困难的制度。
9.What did Turnbull think f the Ik peple?
A.Heartless.B.Helpful.
C.Restless.D.Generus.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中“When American anthrplgist Clin Turnbull published The Muntain Peple in 1972,he referred t his subjects—a Ugandan grup called the Ik—as ‘the lveless peple’.”可知,Turnbull认为Ik人很无情,故选A项。
10.What des the underlined wrd “altruism” in paragraph 2 prbably mean?
A.Trying t be strng and tugh t survive.
B.Making full use f the surrunding resurces.
C.Being devted t themselves r their relatives.
D.Caring abut the needs and happiness f thers.
答案 D
解析 词句猜测题。根据第一段末句“But her team revealed that despite living under pressure,the Ik placed a high value n helping ne anther when they culd.”及画线词下文“It was assumed that peple are designed t nly d things t help themselves r their relatives”可知,Ik人会互相帮助,故画线词所在句意为“Aktipis认为,利他主义比进化社会科学长期以来认为的更为普遍和有益”,altruism意为“利他主义”。
11.What des paragraph 3 intend t cnvey?
A.Friendships guarantee a well-being life.
B.Flks assist each ther t get supprt.
C.Cperatin is a gd and natural instinct.
D.Peple tend t prvide resurces fr free.
答案 C
解析 主旨大意题。根据第三段内容可知,本段旨在通过两个例子表明,合作是一种良好而自然的本能。
12.Hw des Aktipis intend t apply her findings?
A.By designing a plicy fr public health.
B.By mnitring individual health histries.
C.By creating a system against cllective hardship.
D.By lwering insurance prices fr individual victims.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Aktipis believes theretical framewrks she’s perfected thrugh studying these grups can apply bradly t any interdependent systems.Her big gal is t design scial-service systems that supprt everyne.”以及“But in a system built n neighbring,pled csts wuld level the burden during cllective hardship like natural disasters.”可知,Aktipis打算通过建立一个对抗集体困难的制度来应用她的发现。