人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 4 Adversity and Course课时练习

这是一份人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 4 Adversity and Course课时练习，共10页。试卷主要包含了单元语法等内容，欢迎下载使用。

1. 现在完成进行时结构：has/have been ding
2. 用法：a. 表示从过去某时开始一直延续到现在并且有可能继续下去的动作，常与延续性动词连用，并常与all the time, this week, this mnth, all night,all mrning, recently等状语以及since和fr引导的状语从句连用。
e.g. I have been reading Heimingway’s A Farewell t Arms recently.
b. 表示动作刚刚结束 e.g. Srry! I’m late. Hw lng have yu been waiting fr me?
c. 表示近期内重复发生的动作 e.g. We have been discussing the matter several times this year.
d.表示某种感情色彩 e.g. She has been persuading me ut f the plan.(不耐烦)
3. 现在完成进行时和现在完成时的区别
a. 现在完成时强调某个刚完成的动作或某个过去动作对现在的影响；而现在完成进行时强调动作的延续性。
比较：He has written a letter. (已写好)
He has been writing a letter.(一直在写，还没写完)
b. 现在完成时一般不表示动作的重复性，而现在完成进行时可以。
比较：I have met the cuple recently. (见过)
I have been meeting the cuple recently.(常见面)
c. 现在完成时一般是平铺直叙，而现在完成进行时有时含有感情色彩。
比较：I have waited fr the master musician fr tw hurs.(说明一个事实)
I have been waiting fr the master musician fr tw hurs. (一直等了两个小时，可能表示不满)
d. 表示状态、感觉或情感的动词，如see, feel, knw, lve等，可用于现在完成时，但不可用于现在完成进行时。
We have knwn each ther fr many years.
I. 单句语法填空
1. Dzens f dctrs and nurses ________________________ (wrk) day and night fr weeks since the nvel crnavirus.
2. The number f mixed marriage _____________________(increase) greatly in recent years.
3. The plice _______________________________(wait) here fr several days fr an escaped criminal.
4. It is the third time that yu _______________________________(cme) t ur schl.
5. Little Jimmy is dirty all ver because he _________________________(play) in the mud all the mrning.
6. Li Ming _____________(g) abrad last year. We ____________________(nt hear) frm each ther since then.
7. In the early perid f the 17th century, Chinese tea ____________________(exprt) t Eurpe.
8. Since he became directr f the Palace Museum, he _______________________(brught) many changes t the wrld’s largest ryal cmplex(建筑群).
9. In the last few years, China ___________________(make) great achievements in envirnmental prtectin.
10. Nw that she is ut f jb, Lucy ______________________(cnsider) ging back t schl, but she hasn’t decided yet.
11. He nce ________________(tell) me that he likes mdern art.
12. Having gt tw tickets fr the art exhibitin, I __________________(cnsider) inviting my friend Tny t g alng with me nw.
II．完成下面句子
1. 自从这个男孩失踪之后，就一直没出现过。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
我踢了一上午的球，所以现在出汗很多。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
他早饭之后去了图书馆，自那以后一直在写文章。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
4. 我找了三个月工作了，这是我第一次正式的面试。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
5. 这是你第一次来我们学校。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
III、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Over the years I _______________(teach) kids abut a simple but pwerful cncept — the ant philsphy(哲学), 2_________________ amazing fur-part philsphy.
First, ants never quit. They’ll climb ver, they’ll climb under, and they’ll climb arund. They keep lking fr anther way. What a neat (了不起的) philsphy it is t never quit 3______________(lk) fr a way t get where yu 4________________(suppse) t g! Secnd, ants think abut winter and summer. They are always gathering their winter fd in the middle f summer and they 5________________(make) preparatins fr the lng cld winter. S yu have t think abut strms in summer, think abut rck 6____________ yu enjy the sand and sun. The third part is that ants think summer all winter. During the winter, they remind 7____________(them), “This wn’t last lng; we’ll sn be ut f here.” And n the first warm day, the ants are ut. If it 8____________(turn) cld again, they’ll dive back dwn. But they cme ut again if it is warm. They can’t wait t get ut. Last, hw much will an ant gather during the summer 9___________(prepare) fr the winter? All that it pssibly can. 10_____________ a great philsphy t have — the ant philsphy: never give up, lk ahead, stay psitive and d all yu can.
单元写作：人物报告类记叙文
I、描写人物的文章，结构一般分为三部分：
a. 陈述人物的出生时间、地点或家庭背景等；
b. 描述人物所经历的挑战和困难以及如何面对挑战，战胜困难，还可以列举其主要经历、事迹或成就；
c. 描述人们的评价，或发表自己的看法。
在具体的写作中要抓住要点并进行必要的发挥，使文章信息连贯、层次清晰、结构紧凑。同时为了提高文章的表达档次，还要注意句式的变化以及高级词汇的运用。
II、典例详析
假设你是李华，本学期你阅读了小说《了不起的盖茨比》(The Great Gatsby), 请根据提示用英语写一篇书评。
注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________
a. 关键词语：
1. 代表作__________________________________2. 文学经典 _________________________
3. 追求某人的梦想__________________________4. 非法经营 _________________________
5. 爱上某人 _______________________________6. 远非，完全不_______________________
7. 自私而肤浅的人__________________________8. 回报；取得好结果___________________
9. 致力于...; 投身于10 有...的才能 ________________________
11. 胜任；合适 _____________________________12. 成功做某事________________________
b. 根据中文提示完成下面句子（尽可能用上已学词汇和句式）：
1). 小说《了不起的盖茨比》是美国作家F.Sctt Fitzgerald的代表作。
____________________________________________________________________________________________
2). 它是20世纪20年代的反应，也被公认为那个时代的文学经典。
____________________________________________________________________________________________
3). 《了不起的盖茨比》展示了Gatsby追求梦想的悲剧故事。
____________________________________________________________________________________________
4). 通过非法经营，他最终实现了他的梦想。
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
5). 爱上了Daisy. 在Gatsby看来，Daisy是美好生活的象征。
____________________________________________________________________________________________
6). 但实际上，Daisy自私、肤浅，完全不是Gatsby想象的那样。并最终导致Gatsby走向了悲剧的结局。
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
7). 尽管Gatsby的努力没有得到回报，但他努力实现梦想和改变命运的精神让我深受感动。
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
连句成文（尽可能使用高级词汇和句式）：
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
实战演练：
你校英文报“Famus Scientists” 专栏正在征文，请根据表格所给信息用英语写一篇介绍著名物理学家Stephen Hawking的短文并投稿。
注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
三、阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“If mum finds ut that I'm ging t the beach, I'll be in big truble.” I said t myself sftly in a lw vice.
I went dwnstairs slwly and tried t walk casually int the kitchen. As I was walking twards the back dr, mum asked withut lking up frm her dish-washing, “Where are yu ging?” I answered back withut hesitatin, “I am ging t the garden t play.” After I gt ut f the kitchen, I breathed a sign f relief. My plan had wrked ut fine s far. I climbed the fence and jumped nt the muddy field next t my huse and started running twards the bus stp at tp speed.
After half an hur I was at the beach scanning the crwd fr my friends, Jimmy and Bbby. Tw yung men were racing in the canes (独木舟). After a while, I saw them near a ccnut tree. I ran twards them and gt int my swimming trunk (游泳裤). Fr abut an hur, we played vlleyball happily.
Suddenly, Bbby hit the ball t hard and the ball fell int the sea. Just as Bbby was ging t pick up the ball, the tide came in and carried the ball further and further away frm the shre. I wanted t shw ff my swimming skills s I declared t help get the ball fr him.
I dived int the water and started swimming at a steady pace. After swimming fr abut ten minutes, I became tired but when I saw that the ball was nly a few feet away frm me, I put in an extra burst f speed. Hwever, just as I was ging t get the ball, a very strng current swept the ball further away frm me. At that mment, a string f weed (海草) tangled (缠绕) up with my feet and I culd nt swim prperly.
I struggled t keep aflat but it was n use. “If I had listened t my parents, this wuld never have happened,” I thught silently.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Finally, after struggling fr a minute r tw, I still gt pulled underwater. ____________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
When I wke up, I was in an empty rm lying n a bed._________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【思路点拨】本文以去海滩为线索展开，讲述作者瞒着妈妈和朋友去海滩，在打排球的时候伙伴将排球打到水中，作者为了展现游泳技术，潜入水中捡球，但被水草缠住，陷入危险中。幸运的是被两个男人救下，送入医院。通过这次可怕的经历使作者决心不再炫耀。
【详解】
1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“I struggled t flat but it was n use”以及段落续写第二段首句“When I wke up, I was lying n a bed in an empty rm”可知，第一段可描写作者落水遇险，最终获救。
②由第二段首句内容“When I wke up, I was lying n a bed in an empty rm”可知，第二段可描写作者醒来后发生的事情及自己的感悟。
可能使用的续写线索：
. “If mum finds ut that I’m ging t the beach, I’ll be in big truble.” I muttered t myself sftly.
Just as Bbby was ging t pick up the ball, the tide came in and carried the ball further and further away frm the shre.
. I want t shw ff my swimming skills s I decided t get the ball fr them.
. After swimming fr abut ten minutes, I became tired.
. Just as I was ging t catch the ball, a very strng current swept the ball further away frm me.
. At that mment, a string f weed tangled up with my feet and I culd nt swim prperly.
情节发展：落水——挣扎——被救——醒来——感悟(注意故事的曲折性)
Unit 4 单元语法和写作参考答案：
一、I、1 have been wrking 2 has been increasing 3 have been waiting 4 have cme 5 has been playing
6 went; haven’t heard 7 was exprted 8 has brught 9 has made 10 has been cnsidering
11 tld 12 am cnsidering
1 The by hasn’t shwn up since he went missing.
2 I have been playing ftball all the mrning, s I’m sweating heavily.
3 He went t the library after breakfast, and has been writing his essay since then.
4 I have been lking fr a jb fr three mnths, and this is my first frmal interview.
5 It is the first time that yu have cme t ur schl.
III、1 have been teaching 2 an 3 lking 4 are suppsed 5 are making 6 when/as
7 themselves 8 turns 9 t prepare 10 What
二、a. 1 a representative wrk 2 a literary classic 3 pursue ne’s dream 4 illegal business
5 fall in lve with 6 far frm 7 a selfish and shallw persn 8 pay ff 9
10 have a gift/talent fr 11 be qualified fr 12 succeed in t d...
b. 1. The nvel The Great Gatsby is the representative wrk f American writer F. Sctt Fitzgerald.
2. It is a true reflectin f the 1920s and universally acknwledged as a literary classic.
3. The Great Gatsby shws the tragic stry f Gatsby’s pursuing his dream.
4. He realizes his dream by illegal business.
5. He fall in lve with Daisy, wh，in his eyes, represents a beautiful life.
6. Hwever, in real/actual life, she is selfish and shallw, far frm what Gatsby imagines and finally leads Gatsby t a sad ending.
7. Althugh Gatsby’s effrts d nt pay ff, his spirit f struggling t realise his dream and change his fate tuches me deeply.
连句成篇：
The nvel The Great Gatsby, a true reflectin f the 1920s, is the representative wrk f American writer F. Sctt Fitzgerald and universally acknwledged as a literary classic.
The Great Gatsby shws the tragic stry f Gatsby’s pursuing his dream. Illegal business helps Gatsby realize his dream. At the same time, he falls in lve with Daisy, wh，in his eyes, represents a beautiful life. Hwever, in real life, she is selfish and shallw, far frm what Gatsby imagines and finally leads Gatsby t a sad ending.
In my pinin, the tragedy f Gatsby reflects the theme f the nvel---the decline f the American dream. But then again, althugh Gatsby’s effrts d nt pay ff, his spirit f struggling t realise his dream and change his fate tuches me deeply.
实战演练：
Stephen Hawking was a great scientist and an extrardinary man all thrugh the wrld.
Stephen Hawking was brn in January 1942 in Oxfrd, England. At the age f 21, he was diagnsed with a disease tht attacks the nerves and muscles f the bdy. He lst the ability t walk freely and he had t live in wheelchairs. Hwever, he faced his wn misfrtune, vercame all difficulties and cncentrated n scientific research int universe.
In 1998, he published A Brief Histry f Time, which made a great cntributin t the understanding f the universe.
读后续写：
Finally, after struggling fr a minute r tw. I still gt pulled underwater. I tld myself I shuld never give up. Then I pulled the weed again with great effrts. The weed finally brke. I swam back t the surface t take a deep breath. I saw tw yung men in the canes, racing each ther. I was exhausted but shuted fr help. The tw men saw me and raced twards me. By the time they reached me, I had been already uncnscius.
When I wke up, I was lying n a bed in an empty rm. It was nt until a dctr came int the rm that I realized that I was in a hspital. Jimmy and Bbby tld me the tw yung men brught me t the shre and sent me t the hspital. After a few minutes, my parents, with half angry and half wrried faces, walked in. They sclded me fr running ut f the huse secretly but were als glad that I was nt seriusly injured. With tears in my eyes, I murmured, “Srry!” I will never frget that terrifying experience. Neither will I ever shw ff again.
基本信息
作者：美国作家 F.Sctt Fitzgerald； 背景：20世纪20年代，美国
故事情节
主人公Gatsby，靠非法经营实现了他的美国梦，爱上了Daisy. 在Gatsby看来，Daisy是美好生活的象征，而实际上，Daisy自私、肤浅，并最终导致Gatsby走向了悲剧的结局。
评价
生平简介
1942年1月生于英国牛津；21岁时身患疾病，只能靠轮椅出行。
重要著作及成就
《时间简史》(A Brief Histry f Time); 改变了人们在时空上对宇宙的理解。