高中英语外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 4 Meeting the muse课后作业题

这是一份高中英语外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 4 Meeting the muse课后作业题，共10页。
A
Thmas Hardy, prbably the mst searching and knwledgeable nvelist f his time, was brn n June 2,1840, in Drsetshire, England. He died n January 11,1928. In his yuth, Hardy read much and dreamt f becming a pet, but he studied and practiced architecture as an assistant t a Lndn architect, winning a prize fr design. The fine descriptins f structure in his nvels were prbably smewhat due t his architectural training.
Fr five years Hardy wrked hard t practice writing petry, but when he was twenty­seven, he turned t fictin. His first nvel finished by 1867, but accrding t the advice f Gerge Meredith he decided nt t publish it. After he abandned his first nvel, his anther nvel Desperate Remedies, appeared in 1871. During the next twenty­five years he published ten mre nvels and tw cllectins f shrt stries.
Under the Greenwd Tree (1872) was never surpassed (超越) in happy and delicate perfectin f art. This and his next nvel, A Pair f Blue Eyes (1873), began t shw deep irny (讽刺) which is s bvius thrughut Hardy’s writings.
Far frm the Madding Crwd (1874) was his first ppular success. It shws Hardy’s amazing pwer f describing nature as symblic backgrund fr his characters, an rganic part f the actin f his stry. This was the earliest f what he called his nvels f character and envirnment, which included The Return f the Native, Tess f the d’Urbervilles, his masterpiece, and Jude the Obscure. Nt until he was fifty­eight years ld was his first cllectin f pems published, and he was sixty­fur when the first part f his drama The Dynasts surprised the literary wrld.
1．Hw did Thmas Hardy benefit frm his architectural career?
A．He culd practice writing while wrking.
B．He made a lt f mney t supprt his writing.
C．He fund material fr his nvels and pems.
D．He applied architectural knwledge in his nvels.
2．What is Thmas Hardy’s Under the Greenwd Tree cnsidered t be?
A．One f his masterwrks.
B．His first ppular success.
C．His best nvel in perfectin f art.
D．One f his best cllectins f pems.
3．Which f the fllwing is ne f his nvels f character and envirnment?
A．Desperate Remedies
B．A Pair f Blue Eyes
C．Tess f the d’Urbervilles
D．The Dynasts
B
Rbert Frst(1874－1963) was the statesman f American letters in the twentieth century, a rare natinal pet wh was read and respected by bth university prfessrs and everyday citizens. In his life, Frst wn fur Pulitzer Prizes fr his wrks—mre than any ther pet in American histry. His mst famus pems include The Rad Nt Taken, Fire and Ice and Stpping by Wds n a Snwy Evening. Thugh he is widely read, Frst is als ne f the mst misunderstd writers in the United States fr the cmplexity f his pems.
Thugh brn in Califrnia, Frst was brught up in New England, where he is inseparably linked. After drpping ut f Dartmuth Cllege t seek his literary dream, he remained upset fr years, prducing cllectins f wrks but failing t get enugh f them published t make his effrts financially wrthwhile. Finally, Frst left the United States in 1912 t see whether his wrk might be better received in Lndn. It was, and in 1913 his first full cllectin was published in Great Britain. Fellw American pet Amy Lwell adred Frst’s wrk and brught it back t the United States, publicizing it insistently. Sn afterwards Frst’s cllectins became bestsellers, and he became a famus figure.
Frm then n, Frst was n his way t the lifelng respect and recgnitin fr his achievements in petry. In 1961, he was invited t read a pem fr the presidential inauguratin(总统就职典礼) f Jhn F．Kennedy. He recited his pem, The Gift Outright, frm memry at the ceremny. This was perhaps his last petry reading in frnt f a wide natinal audience befre his death in 1963.Mre imprtantly, Frst became the first pet t read a pem at a presidential inauguratin.
4．What makes Frst “the statesman f American letters”？
A．The cmments f ther writers.
B．His literary achievements.
C．The cmplexity f his pems.
D．His plitical activities.
5．What d we knw abut Frst befre 1912?
A．He cntinued writing after his graduatin frm Dartmuth Cllege.
B．He was well received in Lndn fr his first cllectin.
C．He failed t make much mney with his publicatin.
D．He prduced enugh wrks t achieve literary success.
6．Accrding t the passage, what brught Frst immediate success in the US?
A．The literary value f his petry.
B．The publicatin f his first cllectin.
C．The invitatin frm Jhn F．Kennedy.
D．The recmmendatin by Amy Lwell.
7．Which f the fllwing wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A．The Literary Life f Rbert Frst：An Overview
B．Rbert Frst and the Twentieth Century
C．Rbert Frst：A Histrical Figure
D．The Ppularity f Rbert Frst
C
J．K. Rwling frequently shws there is magic every day.Her Harry Ptter series has helped peple thrugh times f stress and depressin and she is always there t deliver wise wrds f encuragement.
She is ne celebrity wh is very active n Twitter. S when a single dad named Matt Burke sent her a message thanking her fr the series, she nticed. Her series had helped strengthen his relatinship with his 9­year­ld daughter Bailey.
He included a link t his article titled Being a Brke Parent. He explained hw he hadn’t fund a level f financial stability that allwed him t pay bills n time and take his daughter n mre activities and events. The family als desn’t have the Internet r TV, which means there’s n “digital babysitter” and he has t rely n his wn creative ways t bnd with his daughter. Since he received the series, the main thing that has ccupied them these days is reading bks tgether.
Burke admits that he thught he was “t cl” fr the bks when they first came ut and he was in his twenties, but he’s lving reading them nw. “We switch ff chapter by chapter reading them ut lud，” Burke explains. “This nt nly allws her t get mre used t reading alud in frnt f smene, but it gets me directly invlved in smething she lves, and it gives me the chance t be very dramatic when I read my chapters and bring myself int the characters in the bk, which has prven t be a tn f fun.”
After hearing Burke’s stry, Rwling said hw hnred she was when Harry Ptter was a part f his family’s life and ffered Burke mre bks. Besides, peple are als ffering t send Burke mre bks as gifts. Fr Burke, this experience, far mre than gifts, will be what he treasures.
8．Why did Burke thank J．K.Rwling accrding t the text?
A．She guided him hw t write a gd stry.
B．She encuraged him when he was in truble.
C．Her bks helped him thrugh times f cnfusin.
D．Her bks helped him imprve his bnd with his daughter.
9．What is implied in Burke’s wrds in Paragraph 4?
A．He has fund it interesting t read the series.
B．He was t ld t understand the series better.
C．He has chsen a better way f reading the series.
D．He hpes t play a rle in the drama in the future.
10．Which wrd can best describe Burke’s experience accrding t the text?
A．Unique. B．Nrmal.
C．Precius. D．Funny.
11．What is the main idea f this text?
A． chses t help imprve kids’ health.
B． gives a magical gift t a single father.
C． has a deep influence n thers’ grwth.
D．Burke cmes t knw J．K.Rwling thrugh her series.
D
As evlutin tends t remve waste, hw cme we evlved such large, energy­cnsuming brains? The dminant hypthesis (假设) suggests that tugh scial interactins are the driving frce. But ur new study dne in an unusual way shws that human brain expansin is likely driven by eclgy．
Scientists have tested the eclgical and scial hyptheses befre. The cmmn apprach is t lk at many species and investigate whether large brains are assciated with specific prblems. Fr example, d primates r ther animals with large brains have a diet that is challenging t find but nutritinally rewarding? This wuld indicate an eclgical rigin. Or d they live in large grups where they face lts f scial prblems?
While many studies have fund such assciatins, there is a prblem. It cannt tell whether large brains evlved t slve the difficult prblems r whether they evlved fr ther reasns and then enabled their bearers t deal with the hard prblems.
T find ut the causes f brain expansin, we recreated the scenaris (可能出现的情况) f the tw hyptheses using a mathematical mdel. We fund that a cmbinatin f eclgical and scial challenges d prduce the brain size we see in humans. But it was eclgical challenges that expanded brains. In cntrast t the dminant view and ur wn expectatin, we fund that scial challenges cntributed by decreasing brain size. But yu need bth factrs t get the brain size we see tday—if there were n scial challenges ur brains wuld have been even larger but likely prly suited t scial life. Bigger isn’t necessarily better.
But many animals face hard eclgical prblems. Why dn’t they all have large brains? We fund that eclgical prblems nly lead t human­sized brains when individuals can keep learning hard skills as they grw. S ur results and thse f thers’ suggest that hard eclgy and the accumulatin f cultural knwledge culd act tgether t prduce a human­sized brain.
Will the human brain expand further? The cmplexity f the systems invlved makes it impssible t say much with certainty at present.
12．In mst peple’s view, what makes human evlve large brains?
A．Scial challenges.
B．Scial and eclgical challenges.
C．Eclgical challenges.
D．Cmpetitin with ther large animals.
13．What’s the prblem f the cmmn apprach?
A．Its mdel is nt reliable enugh.
B．It desn’t tell the cause and effect clearly.
C．Its hypthesis cannt be prved effectively.
D．It desn’t find brain size is cnnected with prblems.
14．Why dn’t many animals have large brains?
A．They dn’t learn frm each ther.
B．They dn’t face hard eclgical prblems.
C．They dn’t need t cperate with each ther.
D．They dn’t keep learning tugh skills as they grw.
15．Which f the fllwing d the researchers find mst surprising?
A．Animals dn’t have large brains.
B．Scial challenges decrease brain size.
C．Eclgical challenges increase brain size.
D．It’s unclear whether human brains will expand further.
II. 阅读七选五
Thanks t the wrld­famus Clmbian writer Garcia Marquez, many peple think f Latin America as a land f magic. In his bks, impssible things
It may cme frm the mix f different cultures and ethnicities (种族) in Latin America. Althugh sme f these differences have caused cnflicts, they have als been a surce f beauty, as well as encuraged peple in Latin America t be mre pen­minded.
Latin America includes mre than 30 cuntries and areas lcated suth f the United States in the American cntinent. Frm nrth t suth, it starts frm Mexic in Nrth America, ges thrugh the Caribbean and ends at the suthernmst tip f Suth America.
________ Peple can enjy sunshine in the Caribbean islands, ride hrses n the green grasslands f the Pampas, and explre vlcanes and snw­capped muntains in the Andes. It even has the wrld’s biggest rainfrest—the Amazn. Many f the wrld’s mst unique plants and animals live there.
There is als a diverse mix f peple in Latin America. 3.________ In cuntries like Mexic and Clmbia, ver half f the ppulatin is f mixed ethnicity. Hwever, mst f them speak the same languages—Spanish r Prtuguese.
4. ________ Latin American peple have created the samba, rumba, cha­cha and tang. These dance styles require dancers t hld each ther clsely and mve
Latin America is an pen and rmantic place. Its impressive natural envirnment, histrical cntributins and cultural traditins have made it unique and influential.
A．It has natives, Africans and Eurpeans.
B．Latin America’s envirnment is quite diverse.
C．Where des the magic in his bks cme frm?
D．They are cheerful and can bring strangers tgether.
E．The music and dance f Latin America are quite well­knwn.
F．Many peple in Latin America have pen and rmantic hearts.
G．T mst peple, Latin America is a land f happiness and passin.
III.完形填空
The happy new mther asked eagerly t see her baby. Hwever, when she lked at his tiny face, she was __1__. The baby had been brn withut __2__．
Frtunately, time __3__ that the baby’s hearing was perfect except his ruined appearance. He grew up, __4__ if there were nt his misfrtune. As a favrite with his classmates, he might have been class president, __5__ the misfrtune. He develped a talent fr literature and music. His parents __6__hped that he had a perfect life.
One day, his father spke with the dctr, “Culd __7__ be dne？” “I believe I culd __8__ a pair f uter ears __9__ they culd be accessible.” The dctr decided. Therefre the __10__ began fr a persn wh wuld make such a sacrifice.
Tw years went by. One day, his father said t the sn, “Yu’re ging t the __11__， sn. We have smene wh will __12__ the ears yu need. But the identity f the dnr is a secret.”
The peratin was a brilliant __13__， and a new persn turned up. His talents blssmed int genius. Later, he married and entered the Diplmatic Service. One day, he asked his father, “Wh gave me the ears? Wh gave me s much? I culd never d __14__ fr him r her.” “I d nt believe yu culd，” said the father, “but the agreement was that yu are nt __15__． yet.”
The secret was __16__ fr years, but the day did cme. He std with his father beside his mther’s casket(棺材). Slwly, __17__， the father reached ut his hand and raised the thick, reddish­brwn __18__ t find that the mther had n uter ears.
“Mther said she was __19__ she never had her hair cut，” his father whispered, “and nbdy ever thught Mther less __20__， did they？”
A. angry B．embarrassed
C．shcked D．curius
2． A. eyes B．feet
C．fingers D．ears
3． A. prved B．lasted
C．flew D．ignred
4． A. tall B．handsme
C．shrt D．bad­lking
5． A. with B．in spite f
C．fr D．but fr
6． A. still B．hardly
C．almst D．ever
7． A. smebdy B．everything
C．nbdy D．nthing
8． A. perate B．destry
C．transplant D．repair
9． A. if B．while
C．althugh D．since
10．A. experiment B．search
C．analysis D．peratin
11．A. schl B．library
C．hspital D．bedrm
12．A. dnate B．repair
C．make D．sell
13．A. failure B．success
C．hnr D．damage
14．A. harm B．enugh
C．bad D．gd
15．A. signed B．realized
C．understd D．allwed
16．A. changed B．discussed
C．spread D．kept
17．A. carelessly B．gently
C．excitedly D．gradually
18．A. skirt B．hand
C．hair D．quilt
19．A. depressed B．wrried
C．glad D．regretful
20．A. beautiful B．ugly
C．respectable D．fashinable
IV.短文语法填空
Ancient peple acrss Eurpe might have knwn mre abut the stars 1_________ we give them credit fr,
accrding t a new analysis f cave art frm the University f Edinburgh.
Sme f the wrld's 2_________ (ld)cave paintings are nw thught t depict nt wild animals as was previusly thught, but cnstellatins (星座）in the night sky. This 3_________ (suggest)that in these artwrks, peple were using the psitins f cnstellatins 4_________ (represent)dates, and mark events such as cmets hitting Earth.
The researchers lked at Palaelithic and Nelithic art featuring animal symbls at sites in Turkey, Spain, France and Germany. The 5_________ (example)f art they lked at varied in age by tens f thusands f years, but the system fr representing dates with cnstellatins appears t be cnstant thrughut. Sme f the art in questin dates back as far as 40,000 years ag. Scientists wrk ut the age f cave art by chemically 6_________ (date) the paint used. The team cmpared these dates t 7_________ the night sky wuld have lked like during knwn pints in histry, by using sftware t simulate (模拟）the ancient sky. The psitins f the stars in the night sky change 8_________（slw)ver thusands f years, as the Earth's rtatinal axis shifts. This new analysis shws
that ancient peple culd define dates t within 250 years by using cnstellatins as 9 _________ reference.
＂Early cave art shws that peple had advanced knwledge f the night sky within the last ice age, "said study leader Dr.Martin Sweatman. "Intellectually, hey were hardly any 10_________ (difference)frm us tday."
V. 概要写作 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Dgs are called man's best friends fr gd reasns. Dgs seem t have the natural ability t feed ff human emtins. Thrugh an understanding f things like happiness, fear and empathy each ther, dgs and their caretakers are able t frm a bnd.
Clarissa Black has devted her career t understanding the minds f animals. As an animal trainer with a master's degree in anthrzlgy---the study f interactins between humans and ther animals, Black spent years wrking with elephants and dlphins. But it was a trip t the lcal Veterans Affairs Hspital with her dg that sparked the idea.
Watching hw the veterans(退伍军人）lit up and respnded t her dg, named Bear, Black was inspired t use her skills and resurces t start training rescue dgs as a means f therapy fr America's veterans, particularly thse struggling with pst-traumatic stress disrder(PTSD), traumatic brain injury, anxiety and depressin.
She started the nn-prfit rganizatin Pets fr Vets t nt nly help struggling veterans, but als give a secnd chance t shelter dgs arund the cuntry, many f whm are destined fr an unhappy ending.
It’s a win-win fr peple like Casey, a yung Navy veteran struggling with PTSD, wh has turned his life arund thanks t Jazzy, ne f the many rescue dgs released t Pets fr Vets frm an animal shelter.
Thrugh an extensive matchmaking prcess, a Pets fr Vets team member interviews each veteran t evaluate which animal wuld be the right fit based n persnality and lifestyle. Once the pet is selected, the animal is trained t be bedient and learns skills that will benefit its new wner's cnditin.
With its develpment and ppularity arund the cuntry, nt nly Pets fr Vets is helping shelter dgs find the lve they deserve, but als it's a way t say "thank yu" t ur cuntry's veterans fr their service and dedicatin.
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