人教版八年级英语上册英语单元速记•巧练Unit6【速记清单】(原卷版+解析)

这是一份人教版八年级英语上册英语单元速记•巧练Unit6【速记清单】(原卷版+解析)，共52页。
Unit 6 I’m going to study computer science.考点1 grow up ＂长大；成熟；成长＂[教材原句] What do you want to be when you grow up？ 当你长大以后，你想要成为什么？grow up 意为＂长大；成熟；成长＂ 是动词短语，相当于不及物动词，其后不跟宾语。 What does John want to be when he grows up? 当约翰长大了，他想成为什么？（2）grow 的用法如下： v. 种植；使生长，为及物动词。 v. 生长；发育；长大，为不及物动词。 v. 变得，作连系动词，后面跟形容词。She grows roses in the greenhouse. 她在温室里栽培玫瑰花。The watermelons grow well in warm dry climate. 温暖干燥的气候适合西瓜生长。He is growing stronger and stronger. 他长得越来越壮。up的相关短语：get up 起床 pick up 采摘 give up放弃 dress up 装扮（2）when是连词，意为＂当……的时候＂，引导时间状语从句。when作连词时，如果主句是过去时，从句也要用过去时；如果主句是一般将来时，从句要用一般现在时，即＂主将从现＂。I was short when I was 13. 我13岁的时候个子很矮。I’ll visit you when I come back. 我回来时会去拜访你。【经典练】1．（2022秋·北京昌平·八年级校考期末）—What does he want to be when he ________?—He wants to be an engineer.A．grow up B．grows up C．is growing up D．will grow up【写作佳句】Tony is an honest boy. He wants to be a useful person when he grows up.托尼是一个诚实的男孩，他长大后想成为一个有用的人。考点2 be going to＂计划， 打算＂2. How are you going to do that？你打算如何做到？be going to表示将要发生的动作，含有＂计划， 打算＂的意思， 后跟动词原形，其中be动词要与主语的人称和数一致，常跟表将来的时间连用。He’s going to visit Australia next week. 他打算下周去参观澳大利亚。【知识拓展】 【经典练】1．（2022秋·吉林长春·八年级统考期末）There ________ a concert in our school next month.A．is B．are C．is going to be D．are going to be【写作佳句】There are going to be two football matches in our school next Sunday.下周日我们学校将有两场足球比赛。考点3 byThe Old Man and the Sea by Hemingway. 海明威的《老人与海》。 by作介词，此处意为“由……创作/编著/导演/作曲等”。 I read a short story by Lu Xun. 我读了鲁迅的一部短篇小说。 He likes listening to the music by Mozart. 他喜欢听莫扎特的乐曲。【经典练】1．—________ do you study English?—I study English ________ listening to tapes.A．How, by B．How, in C．What, by【写作佳句】Every weekend Daniel likes to put up a tent by a small river and go fishing with his family.每个周末丹尼尔都喜欢在一条小河旁搭个帐篷，和家人一起去钓鱼。考点4 keep4. Well, I’m going to keep on writing stories, of course. 哦，当然我会继续写故事。keep on doing sth表示经过一段时间的间隙后＂继续做同一件事＂，后可接表动态的词，如walk、write、talk 等。还暗指不顾困难、反对、警告而＂坚持＂做某事。They kept on working in the fields, though it was raining. 虽然天正在下雨，他们还是继续在田里干活。【易混辨析】 keep on doing/ keep doing【知识拓展】【经典练】1．（2022秋·江苏宿迁·八年级统考期末）It was so cold outside, so we had to make a fire ________ warm.A．keep B．to keep C．keeping D．kept2．Linda ________ a diary every day when she was a student. And now she asks her daughter to do the same.A．keeps B．kept C．is keeping D．keep【写作佳句】（2023·湖北黄石·统考中考真题）Young Chinese people should keep the motherland at heart, aim high, and have their feet firmly on the ground.中国青年要胸怀祖国，志存高远，脚踏实地。考点5 be sure about/of 确信,对……有把握后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式，表示对客观事物有肯定的认识和判断，主语必须是人。I am really sure about it. 对于这件事我确实有把握。I think I can win the match. I am sure of/about it. 我认为我能赢这场比赛。我对此有把握。【知识拓展】 【经典练】1．Daniel is sure ________ out the secret. You can be sure ________ that.A．about finding; about B．that he’ll find; for C．of finding; of D．to find; of【写作佳句】Make sure that you come here earlier tomorrow, or you’ll be in trouble.明天确保早点来，否则你就会有麻烦的。考点6 make sure 确保，查明常用于祈使句中，后面常接that（可省略）引导的宾语从句（从句不使用将来时）或of＋名词（词组）/代词，意为＂确保＂。Make sure (that) you lock the door when you leave. 当你离开时确保锁上门。They scored another goal and made sure of the victory. 他们又进了一个球，这就赢定了。【知识拓展】【经典练】1．When you ________ the office, you’d better ________ that all the lights are turned off.A．leave; make sure B．leave; to make sure C．will leave; make sure    D．will leave; to make sure【写作佳句】It is important to make sure all the waste is properly and safely dealt with.确保所有的废弃物都得到妥善和安全的处理是很重要的。考点7 college n. 学院；大学；高等专科学校go to college/university上大学 If you want to go to college, you must work hard. 要是你想上大学，就得好好学习。【易混辨析】 college / university【经典练】1．―I heard your son will go to ________ college to learn art after leaving high school.―He has already been ________ art student now.A．/; the B．the; the C．the; an D．/; an【写作佳句】（2021·江苏泰州·统考中考真题）It's reported that, in general , people with college education can make more money than those without.据报道，一般来说，受过大学教育的人比没有受过大学教育的人能赚更多的钱。 考点8 take8. We’re going to take singing lessons. take singing lessons上视唱课。take ... lessons 意为＂上……课＂。take后接动词的-ing形式。take ... lessons相当于have... lessons。I’m taking French lessons. 我在上法语课。【经典练】1．The new park is big and beautiful. Many people often ________ a walk there after supper.A．took B．will take C．were taking D．take【写作佳句】（2023·辽宁抚顺·统考中考真题）The girl takes her dog for a walk along the river every evening.这个女孩每天晚上带着她的狗沿着河边散步。考点9. education n. 教育education为不可数名词，没有复数形式。但当有形容词修饰时，其前可用不定冠词。a good education 良好的教育I had twelve years of education. 我受过12年的教育。【知识拓展】 【经典练】1．The Battle at Lake Changjin is ________ educational movie. Many people love it.A．the B．a C．an D．/2．—Did you see the moving movie called The Battle at Lake Chang Jin? —Certainly. It is ________ movie I’ve ever seen.A．more educational B．the most educational C．the least educational【写作佳句】Art education is highly valued in the 21st century. It teaches children to be creative, discover and enjoy beauty.在21世纪，艺术教育受到高度重视。它教导孩子们要有创造力，发现和享受美。考点10. medicine n. 药；医学medicine为不可数名词。吃药的＂吃＂可用take。A person who wants to become a doctor has to study medicine. 一个想当医生的人得学习医学。I want some medicine for cold. 我想要一些治疗感冒的药。【知识拓展】 【易混辨析】 medicine / pill【经典练】1．The doctor checked the man and gave him some ________.A．luck B．pain C．information D．medicine【写作佳句】— I wish some medicine of magic could help me remember everything in class.——我希望一些魔法药物可以帮助我记住课堂上的一切。考点11. send v. 邮寄；发送 send sb sth/send sth to sb 把某物寄送给某人 send sb to do sth 派某人去做某事Please send me some pictures of Beijing. 请寄给我几张北京的图片。I’ll send you a book. =I’ll send a book to you. 我将寄给你一本书。She sent me to pick up her son last week. 她上周派我去接她儿子。【知识拓展】 【经典练】1．—_________ did you tell Mary what happened to you?—By ________ an e­mail.A．How; send B．How; sending C．What; send D．What; sending【写作佳句】If your friend sends you a message to borrow money, you’d better call him directly first to make sure.如果你的朋友发信息向你借钱，你最好直接打电话给他确认一下。考点12. make the soccer team 成为足球队的一员（1）make the soccer team“成为足球队的一员”Would you like to make the soccer team? 你想成为足球队的一员吗？注意：make a soccer team “组建一支足球队”（2）team 名词，意为“队；组”，指在某个队或是某个队的队员，其前可用介词in/on。The twin brothers are in/on the same basketball team. 这对双胞胎兄弟是统一篮球队的成员。【知识拓展】【经典练】1．— Next term I’m going to make the soccer team.  — ________.A．Sounds like a good plan B．No way C．You’re welcome【写作佳句】I like music very much and next year I am going to play an instrument.我非常喜欢音乐，明年我打算弹奏乐器。考点13 soundSound interesting. 听起来很有趣。sound此处用作连系动词，意为“听起来好像”，后常接形容词作表语。常见搭配sound like表示“听起来像”。The music sounds very beautiful. 音乐听起来很优美。【知识拓展】sound还可作名词，表示“声音”。I fell asleep listening to the sound of the wind. 听着风声我睡着了。【经典练】1．—You shouldn’t argue with your friend. You’d better help each other, instead. —________. Thanks for your advice.A．Sounds great B．With pleasure C．It doesn’t matter D．That’s all right【写作佳句】（2021·黑龙江鸡西·统考中考真题）In the past people didn’t know that light travels faster than sound.过去人们不知道光比声音传播得快。考点14 be able to＂能够＂3. Were you able to keep them? be able to表示＂能够＂，相当于 can，常用来表示 can不能表达的将来时或完成时的情况，可用于各种时态。He will be able to finish reading the book next week. 他下周将能读完这本书。【易混辨析】【经典练】1．What do you think these robots ________ in the future?A．will can B．will be able to do C．were able to do D．could【写作佳句】Maybe we will be able to live on another planet with the development of space technology.—也许随着太空技术的发展，我们将能够生活在另一个星球上。考点15. promise n. 承诺；诺言　 v. 许诺； 承诺；保证 make a promise/promises 允诺 keep a /one’s promise 遵守诺言，信守承诺 break a /one’s promise违背诺言 promise to do sth答应做某事 promise sbto do sth答应某人做某事 promise sb sth答应某人某事If you make a promise, you should keep it. 如果你许诺了，你就要遵守你的诺言。My teacher promised to help us. 我老师答应要帮助我们。You must promise me to be early tomorrow morning. 你必须答应我明天早上早点。【经典练】1．（You must promise ________ others before I tell you.A．to tell B．telling C．not to tell D．not telling【写作佳句】Tom made a(n) promise to his mother that he would never play computer games at night.汤姆向他妈妈许下承诺，他不会在晚上玩电脑游戏。考点16. at the beginning of “在……开始”beginning在此作名词，意为“开头，开端”。At the beginning of this term, I found it hard to learn math. 这学期初，我发现学习数学很难。You can find this sentence at the beginning of this article. 你会在文章开头找到这个句子。【知识拓展】【经典练】1．When we make resolutions ______ the year, we hope we are going to improve our lives.A．at the end of B．at the beginning of C．in the beginning【写作佳句】When we make resolutions at the beginning of the year, we hope that we are going to make our lives better.当我们在年初下定决心时，我们希望我们将使我们的生活更好。考点17. improve v. 改进；改善improve此处用作及物动词，意为＂改进；改善＂，还可用作不及物动词。I want to improve my English. 我想要提高我的英语（水平）。 The weather is beginning to improve. 天气开始好转了。【注意】【知识拓展】【经典练】1．（2022秋·辽宁抚顺·八年级统考期中）________ your English, you must practice reading it every day.A．Improve B．Improving C．To improving D．To improve【写作佳句】Doing sports is one of the best ways to improve your physical health.运动是改善身体健康的最好方法之一。考点18.have to do with关于；与……有关系7. Many resolutions have to do with self-improvement. have to do with关于；与……有关系。这个句型表示与某事、某人有牵连，有关系，有瓜葛。What does this have to do with me? 这跟我有什么关系？I had nothing to do with the murder. I was at home all night. 我跟那谋杀一点关系都没有。我整晚都在家。【知识拓展】【经典练】1．There are many kinds of resolutions. Some ________ physical health. Others are about self-improvement.A．is about B．has to do with C．are up to D．have to do with【写作佳句】Resolutions usually have to do with better planning, but sometimes they may be too difficult to keep.决心通常与更好的计划有关，但有时它们可能太难坚持。考点19.take up＂学着做；开始做；从事＂8. …they are going to take up a hobby like… take up指＂学着做；开始做；从事＂。后面可接名词或动名词。 He had studied Japanese for a year and a half before he took up English. 他开始学习英语之前已经学一年半日语了。He took up football when he was 6 years old. 他六岁时就开始学踢足球了。The young girl wants to take up teaching English to little kids. 这个年轻的姑娘想开始从事幼儿英语教学。【知识拓展】　【经典练】1．（2022秋·湖北黄冈·八年级统考期末）—Are you going to ________ a new hobby next year?—Yes, I think volleyball is good for me!A．put up B．make up C．get up D．take up【写作佳句】In order to make my life more colorful, I plan to take up a new hobby like painting or growing flowers when I am free.为了让我的生活更加丰富多彩，我计划在空闲时养成一个新的爱好，比如画画或种花。考点20.too…to…是＂太……以致不能……＂9. Sometimes the resolutions may be too difficult to keep. too…to…是＂太……以致不能……＂，to是不定式符号，后接动词原形，该句式虽没有否定词not/no，但表达否定意义，若逻辑主语是动作的执行者，则需用 for 引出。English is too difficult for me to read. 对我来说英语太难了。【知识拓展】　【经典练】1．（2022秋·辽宁丹东·八年级统考期末）—Come on, Lily! We are getting to the mountain soon!—But I’m ________ tired ________ walk any more.A．so; that B．so; to C．too; to D．such; that【写作佳句】（2022·江苏宿迁·统考中考真题）Jack always gives his friends help when they need it, because he “ A friend in need is a friend ”.杰克总是在朋友需要的时候给他们帮助，因为他“患难见真情”。考点21. discuss v. 讨论，商量。discuss sth. with sb. 和某人讨论某事We discussed our plans for the new term. 我们讨论了我们的新学期计划。You needn’t discuss this matter with me. 你不必和我讨论这件事。注意：discuss一般不直接跟动词不定式作宾语，但可跟“疑问词+动词不定式”结构或疑问词引导的从句They are discussing how to do it.他们在讨论怎么做这件事。【经典练】1．（2023·福建龙岩·八年级统考期末）—Where was Tom at that moment?—He ________ a math problem with his teacher on the internet.A．discussed B．was discussing C．will discuss【写作佳句】When you have problems in your study or life, you can discuss them with your teacher.当你在学习或生活中有问题时，你可以和你的老师讨论。考点22. own adj. & pron. 自己的（1）own作形容词时，意为＂自己的＂，一般放在物主代词之后，用以强调＂某人自己的＂。Every dance has its own rhythm. 每个舞蹈都有它自己的节奏。I saw it with my own eyes. 我亲眼看见的。I decided to have my own shop. 我决定开一家我自己的店。（2）own作代词时，意为＂自己；亲身＂，常用于下列短语中： = 1 \* GB3 ①of one’s own意为＂属于某人自己的＂，of前常为名词或不定代词。We have no house of our own. 我们没有自己的房子。He has nothing of his own now. 他现在一无所有。 = 2 \* GB3 ②on one’s own意为＂独自，单独；独立地＂，在句中作状语。He didn’t get any help and had to complete the work on his own. 他没有得到任何帮助，不得不独自完成 这项工作。 = 3 \* GB3 ③with one’s own意为＂用某人自己的＂，own后接名词。Remember to do everything with your own ideas. 记得用你自己的想法去做每一件事。【知识拓展】【经典练】1．The girl has a bedroom ________.A．on her own B．in her own C．of her own【写作佳句】We are sure that you can do it on your own.我们相信你能靠自己做到。一．语法精讲——be going to 的用法be going to的用法＂be going to+动词原形＂用来表示近期或事先考虑过的将要发生的动作以及已有迹象表明必将发生某事，意为＂打算，就要＂。 be的形式应随主语的人称和单复数而变化。（一）be going to结构的用法1. be going to结构多用来表示主观上打算在将来某个时候做某事。表示说话人打算、准备、计划、安排要做的事，一般是经过预先考虑并做好准备的，所表达的行动通常被认为很可能付诸实施，常与一些表示将来的时间状语连用。 We’re going to pick apples next Wednesday. 我们下周三打算去摘苹果。 Is your sister going to have a swim tomorrow? 你姐姐明天要去游泳吗？ Peter is going to be a policeman when he grows up. 彼得长大了打算当警察。 2. be going to结构用来表示根据主观判断肯定将会发生的事。表示说话人根据目前客观迹象预测某件事情极有可能发生，是说话人确信如此，是指即将发生或肯定要发生的事情。在be sure、be afraid、believe、think 之后都可以这样用。 Look at the heavy clouds! It’s going to rain. 看那乌云！天要下雨了。 He’s very ill. I’m afraid he’s going to die. 他病得厉害。我恐怕他将要死了。 The rain has stopped. The sun is going to come out. 雨停了。太阳就要出来了。 3. be going to结构用来表示决心、肯定等。Lily is going to have her long hair cut. 莉莉要把她的长发剪掉。 But it’s going to be a very tiring year for me. 但是对我来说，这肯定是非常累人的一年。4. be going to结构也可用来表示即将发生的事。 The plane is going to take off in ten minutes. 飞机将在十分钟后起飞。5. be going to结构后面也能接be动词原形。What time is the game going to be? 比赛将在什么时候开始？ 6.there be句型的一般将来时的肯定结构为：There is going to be+名词+其他成分.，意思是＂将要有……＂。 There is going to be a class meeting this week. 这周将有一次班会。7. be going to结构后面习惯上不跟go、come等表位移的动词，一般用该动词的进行时形式表示将来。 We’re going there again next Sunday. 下周日我们要再去那里。 （二）be going to结构的各种句式1. 肯定句：主语 ＋ be going to ＋ 动词原形 ＋ 其他. 如：I am going to play computer games next Sunday.下周日我打算玩电脑游戏。2. 否定句：主语 ＋ be ＋ not ＋ going to ＋ 动词原形 ＋ 其他. 如：He isn’t going to see a film with us tonight.今晚他不打算和我们一起去看电影。3. 一般疑问句：Be ＋ 主语 ＋ going to ＋ 动词原形 ＋ 其他?肯定回答：Yes, 主语 ＋be.否定回答：No, 主语 ＋ be ＋ not.如：—Are you going to watch talk shows after dinner? 晚饭后你们打算看访谈节目吗？—Yes, we are. / No, we aren’t. 是的，我们打算看。/ 不，我们不打算看。4. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 ＋ be ＋ 主语 ＋ going to ＋ 动词原形 ＋ 其他？如：How are you going to learn English? 你打算怎样学习英语？【巧学妙记】【注意】There be going to be...结构中，靠近there的be随主语变化，而后面的be是动词原形，不变化。There is going to be an English film this evening. 今晚将有一场英文电影。（三）be going to 常用的时间状语be going to 表达的是未发生的动作，因此常与一些表示将来的时间状语连用。例如：tomorrow，this evening，next month，in three weeks等。有时也可与when，before，after，until 等引导的时间状语从句连用。What is he going to do after he plays football? 他踢完足球以后打算做什么？（四）be going to结构和will的比较 一般will可以和be going to互换。be going to多表示打算、意图。We are going to/will meet in the park at 5 pm. 我们下午5点将在公园相见。 【注意】以下情况多用will 而不用be going to。1. 侧重于说话人相信或希望要发生的事，可指遥远的将来。I believe he will become a famous actor. 我相信他会成为一名著名的演员。 2. 陈述自然规律，表示单纯的将来事实。This year she is 17 and next year she’ll be 18. 今年她17岁，明年就18岁了。 3. 带有主观意愿的色彩。 If you like, I will do it for you. 如果你喜欢我会为你做那件事的。 4. 征询对方意见，或表示客气、邀请或命令。Will he smoke here? 他可以在这儿吸烟吗？5. 在条件和时间状语从句中，如果从句中的谓语动词用一般现在时，那么主句中就用一般将来时。 I will chat with you as soon as I am on the Internet. 我一上网就和你聊天。写作主题：计划与愿望 一、话题分析与本单元话题相关的书面表达一般是谈论未来的打算。能用be going to，want to，hope to，expect to，be ready to，plan to谈论未来生活的计划与愿望，内容包括未来想要从事的职业或梦想及怎样实现梦想。在写作过程中，学生应做到以下几点：1.能描述自己的梦想或目标，并介绍为实现这一梦想或目标而制定的计划；2.叙述要有条理，先叙述未来的计划和打算，再叙述打算采取的行动，在谈论行动时要分清主次且按先后顺序进行；3.恰当使用be going to结构。二、词汇积累1. cook 厨师　　　　2. engineer 工程师 3. violinist 小提琴手4. pianist 钢琴家 5. pilot 飞行员 6. computer programmer 计算机程序设计员;编程人员7. take up 开始从事；占用 8. grow up 成熟；长大9. make sure 确保;查明10. be sure about 确信;对……有把握11. be able to 能够做某事12. have to do with 关于；与……有关系13. make the soccer team 组建足球队14. get lots of exercise 多进行体育锻炼15. practice basketball every day　每天练习打篮球 16. eat healthier food吃更健康的食物17. learn education/medicine/computer science学习教/医药/电脑科学 18. be good at writing stories 擅长写故事19. take singing / acting lessons 上唱歌/表演课 20. learn another foreign language 学习另一种外语，学习第二外语三、句型积累1. I am going to be a writer, because I like reading storybooks. 我要成为一名作家，因为我喜欢读故事书。2. I’m going to exercise more and eat less junk food. 我打算多多锻炼并少吃垃圾食品。3. It’s not easy to become a doctor, so I make a plan for it.4. I will limit the time I spend watching TV to one hour per day. 我打算限制我看电视的时间至每天一小时。5. I plan to get more exercise to improve my physical health.6. To get into the best medical school, I need to get good grades. 为了进入最好的医科大学，我需要取得好成绩。7. I am going to try my best to make my dream come true.8. I want to he an engineer. 我想当一名工程师。9. I’m going to practice basketball every day. 我打算每天练习篮球10. I’m going to keep on writing stories. 我打算坚持写故事。11. Many resolutions have to do with self-improvement. 许多决心和自身提高有关系。 典例赏析：根据汉语提示及要求，以“My dream job”为题用英语写一篇短文。提示： 1. 你想成为一名记者；2. 你打算给报纸、杂志写文章；3. 高中毕业后想去北京上大学；4. 想在一家电台工作并环游世界。要求： 1. 条理清楚，语句通顺，语法正确，书写规范；2. 提示内容全部体现在文章中；3. 不少于80词。My dream job_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________My dream jobWhen I grow up，I m going lo be a journalist Next year，I'm going to write articles for magazines and newspapers. I’m going to a university in Beijing after senior school. Maybe I’m going to find a part-time job and save some money. Next，I’m going to work for a TV station as a journalist. Then I’m going to travel all over the world.【解析】这是一篇给材料作文。要求以“My dream job”为题用英语写一篇短文。根据所给出的材料内容可知，文章时态用一般现在时，人称主要用第一称。首先认真审题，看清题目中的要求和要点；然后根据提示内容，列出写作要点及每个要点中可能要用到的表达；然后紧扣要点，动笔写作。在写作时，注意连句成篇，保持文章的连贯性，要层次清楚，要点分明，中心突出。同时要注意语言的表述应该符合语法的结构，造句应该符合英语的表达习惯；尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，最好不要写太长的复合句；尽量选取简单的易拼写的单词，确保正确率；词汇、句式要丰富多样，可以为文章增色添彩。最后要细心复核检查，确保正确无误。Unit 6 I’m going to study computer science.重点短语grow up成长；长大 ； grow into... 长成 every day每天 be sure about对……有把握 make sure确信；务必 send…to…把……送到…… be able to do sth.能够做某事 the meaning of……的意思 different kinds of不同种类的 write down写下；记下 have to do with关于；与……有关系 take up开始做；学着做 hardly ever几乎不；很少 too…to…太……而不能……/太……以至于不能 a weekly plan 一个周计划 in common 共同；共有at the beginning of… 在…开始时 at the end of … 在…结束时/的终点take medicine 吃药19.physical health 身体健康20.New Year’s resolutions 新年的决心二、用法1.cook n.厨师【拓展】(1)cooker n.厨具(2)cook sb.sth.＝cook sth. for sb.给某人做饭(3)do some cooking 做饭2.driver是以动词drive加词尾-r构成的指人的名词。英语中还有很多指人的名词是以动词加词尾-er构成的，常见的有：worker, teacher, singer, player等等。以动词加词尾-or构成的常见名词有：actor, author, visitor, sailor, inventor等等。3.（1）keep on doing sth.继续做某事（表示动作反复，间歇）（2）keep sb.(sth.)doing sth.让某人(物)不断做某事（持续）4.sure adj.确信的；其主要用法如下：(1)be sure + about /of +名词、代词或动名词，意为“确信；对……有把握”。(2)be sure +动词不定式，意为“务必做某事；一定做某事”。(3)be sure +宾语从句，意为“肯定；确信”。(4)make sure +that宾语从句或动词不定式，意为“确保；查明”。5. try one’s best 相当于do one’s best意为“尽力”。6. Not everyone knows what they want to be.不是每个人都知道他们想要做什么。 英语中all, both, every, everyone等词与not, no连用时，表示的是部分否定，而非全部否定。如:Not everyone in our class likes football.我们班不是每个同学都喜欢足球。7.college与 university的区别两者均有“学院，大学”之意。college 多指大学内的学院，分科学院或科目较少的高等学校；university 主要指综合性大学，一般由多个学院组成，如: Beijing University。当泛指大学时通常用college表示。8.education (1)用作名词，意为“教育”。 如:school education学校教育(2)形容词形式为educational。如:an educational film一部很有教育意义的电影9.medicine (1) medicine是名词， 意为“药；医学”。 如:take some medicine 吃药(2)形容词形式为medical，意为“医学的,医疗的”,如:medical team医疗队10.send (1)send是动词，意为“邮寄；发送”，其过去式为sent，常用于短语send sb.sth.= send sth. to sb. 如:Who sent Bill the tie?=Who sent the tie to Bill?谁送比尔这条领带的？(2)与send有相同用法的常见动词还有give, pass, lend, offer等等，但是动词buy, get, make,cook等常与介词for连用。即：buy sb.sth.= buy sth. for sb. （3）send sb. to sp. 派遣某人到某地 send sb to do sth. 派某人做某事send up 发射；使上升 send away 开除；赶走send for 派（人）去请 send a letter/ message 邮寄信，发送消息11.resolution (1)作不可数名词，意为“坚决；决心；果断”。如:He showed great resolution to us.他向我们展示了他巨大的决心。（2）作可数名词，意为“决议；决定；决心要做的事”。 如:His father often makes a resolution to stop smoking.他爸爸经常下决心戒烟。12.make the soccer team组建足球队（1）make 在此处用作动词，意为“组织”。指建一支球队时，make可以用start替换，可以说成start the soccer team。（2）make后面还常接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，make sb.do sth.意为“使某人做某事”。（3）make 后面还可接形容词作宾语补足语，常用于make sb./sth.+adj. 如:make me happy使我高兴13.foreign（1）作形容词，意为“外国的”。 如:his foreign friends他的外国朋友（2）其名词形式是foreigner，意为“外国人”。 如:a foreigner from Europe来自欧洲的外国朋友14. sound like“听起来像”，后接名词或代词。【拓展】(1)sound v.听起来，后接形容词作表语。(2)sound n.声音，指自然界的声音。15.辨析can与be able to （1）can为情态动词，无人称和数的变化，过去式为could。当表示请求、允许及猜测时，只能用can，当表示现在或过去的能力时，can/ could和be able to可通用。(2)be able to do sth. 有人称、时态和数的变化。16. promise (1)n.承诺；诺言1)make a promise to sb.＝make promises to sb.向某人许诺2)keep/break one’s promise 保守/打破诺言（2）v.许诺；承诺1)promise sb.sth.＝ promise sth.to sb.答应某人某事……2)promise sb.to do sth.答应某人做某事3)promise to do sth. 答应做某事3)promise +that宾语从句 许诺(答应)……17.improve (1)用作动词，意为“改进；改善”。如:improve my spoken English提高我的英语口语(2)名词形式为improvement。self-improvement 自我改进，自我提高；18.write down write down是“动词+副词”构成的动副型短语，名词宾语位于write down之间或后面皆可，代词宾语必须置于write down之间。如:write down your name=write your name down写下你的名字write it down写下它19.（1）have to do with关于；与……有关系（2）have nothing to do with 与……没有关系20.own adj.& pron.自己的；本人的【拓展】own v.拥有；占有；owner n.所有者；物主take up 学着做，开始做 ；占用时间或者空间 （1）take up+V-ing/名词；辨析：at the beginning of 与in the beginning （1）at the beginning of ，可以指时间，也可以指位置，指时间（着重于一点），意为“在...之初”，指位置时，意为“在....的起点”。 （2）in the beginning 仅指时间（着重于时间段），意为“起初，在初期”，相当于at first，其后不能接of短语，常做状语。too....to.... 太....而不能 （1）too+adj./adv.+for sb.to+V原；如：The question is too difficult for me to answer.语法一般将来时的用法（一）1.一般将来时的定义一般将来时表示在将来某一个时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态，也可以表示打算好在将来要去做的动作。一般将来时主要有两种表示形式：“will+动词原形”和be going to结构。本单元主要介绍be going to结构。2.be going to结构的基本句型肯定句：主语+am (is,are) +going to do.否定句：主语+ am (is,are) +not +going to do.一般疑问句：Am( is,are)+主语+ going to do？肯定回答：Yes，主语+ am (is,are).否定回答：No，主语+ am (is,are) +not.如：Jim is going to take part in the school trip next Sunday.Jim isn’t going to take part in the school trip next Sunday.Is Jim going to take part in the school trip next Sunday?Yes,he is./No,he isn’t.3.一般将来时的判断(1)句中有表示将来时间的状语时，用一般将来时。这样的时间状语有：①“tomorrow一家” 如：tomorrow morning, at five o’clock tomorrow afternoon②“next一家” 如：next week, at four next Friday afternoon③“this一家” 如：at the end of this month温馨提示：this morning常用于一般过去时。④表示将来的短语或日期。如：soon, from now on, in the future, in a few days’ time, in a moment, in the year 2016。如：The famous singer is going to have a concert next month.那个有名的歌手下个月将举办演唱会。Her parents are going to buy a car at the end of this year.她的父母今年年底将买车。(2)有迹象表明或从句意判断出某一动作或状态是在将来发生或存在的，也用将来时。如：The boys are putting their books and pens in their backpacks. I think they are going to walk home.那些男孩们正在把书和钢笔放进他们的背包里。我想他们将步行回家。Unit 6 I’m going to study computer science.考点1 grow up ＂长大；成熟；成长＂[教材原句] What do you want to be when you grow up？ 当你长大以后，你想要成为什么？grow up 意为＂长大；成熟；成长＂ 是动词短语，相当于不及物动词，其后不跟宾语。 What does John want to be when he grows up? 当约翰长大了，他想成为什么？（2）grow 的用法如下： v. 种植；使生长，为及物动词。 v. 生长；发育；长大，为不及物动词。 v. 变得，作连系动词，后面跟形容词。She grows roses in the greenhouse. 她在温室里栽培玫瑰花。The watermelons grow well in warm dry climate. 温暖干燥的气候适合西瓜生长。He is growing stronger and stronger. 他长得越来越壮。up的相关短语：get up 起床 pick up 采摘 give up放弃 dress up 装扮（2）when是连词，意为＂当……的时候＂，引导时间状语从句。when作连词时，如果主句是过去时，从句也要用过去时；如果主句是一般将来时，从句要用一般现在时，即＂主将从现＂。I was short when I was 13. 我13岁的时候个子很矮。I’ll visit you when I come back. 我回来时会去拜访你。【经典练】1．（2022秋·北京昌平·八年级校考期末）—What does he want to be when he ________?—He wants to be an engineer.A．grow up B．grows up C．is growing up D．will grow up【答案】B【详解】句意：——他长大后想做什么？——他想成为一名工程师。考查动词时态。when引导的时间状语从句，遵循主将从现原则，从句用一般现在时，主语he是第三人称单数，故谓语动词用三单形式。故选B。【写作佳句】Tony is an honest boy. He wants to be a useful person when he grows up.托尼是一个诚实的男孩，他长大后想成为一个有用的人。考点2 be going to＂计划， 打算＂2. How are you going to do that？你打算如何做到？be going to表示将要发生的动作，含有＂计划， 打算＂的意思， 后跟动词原形，其中be动词要与主语的人称和数一致，常跟表将来的时间连用。He’s going to visit Australia next week. 他打算下周去参观澳大利亚。【知识拓展】 【经典练】1．（2022秋·吉林长春·八年级统考期末）There ________ a concert in our school next month.A．is B．are C．is going to be D．are going to be【答案】C【详解】句意：下个月我们学校将有一场音乐会。考查there be句型。这里next month是一个将来的时间，所以句子考查there be句型的一般将来时：there is/are going to be或者there will be，a concert是单数，因此用is going to be。故选C。【写作佳句】There are going to be two football matches in our school next Sunday.下周日我们学校将有两场足球比赛。考点3 byThe Old Man and the Sea by Hemingway. 海明威的《老人与海》。 by作介词，此处意为“由……创作/编著/导演/作曲等”。 I read a short story by Lu Xun. 我读了鲁迅的一部短篇小说。 He likes listening to the music by Mozart. 他喜欢听莫扎特的乐曲。【经典练】1．—________ do you study English?—I study English ________ listening to tapes.A．How, by B．How, in C．What, by【答案】A【详解】句意：——你是如何学习英语的？——我通过听磁带学习英语。考查特殊疑问句和介词辨析。How怎样；What什么；by通过；in在……里面。根据“I study English…listening to tapes.”可知，此处询问的是方式，应该用how；指的是通过什么方式学习，应该用by。故选A。【写作佳句】Every weekend Daniel likes to put up a tent by a small river and go fishing with his family.每个周末丹尼尔都喜欢在一条小河旁搭个帐篷，和家人一起去钓鱼。考点4 keep4. Well, I’m going to keep on writing stories, of course. 哦，当然我会继续写故事。keep on doing sth表示经过一段时间的间隙后＂继续做同一件事＂，后可接表动态的词，如walk、write、talk 等。还暗指不顾困难、反对、警告而＂坚持＂做某事。They kept on working in the fields, though it was raining. 虽然天正在下雨，他们还是继续在田里干活。【易混辨析】 keep on doing/ keep doing【知识拓展】【经典练】1．（2022秋·江苏宿迁·八年级统考期末）It was so cold outside, so we had to make a fire ________ warm.A．keep B．to keep C．keeping D．kept【答案】B【详解】句意：外面很冷，所以我们不得不生火来保持温暖。考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，我们生火的目的是为了保持温暖，此处to do动词不定式用来表示目的。故选B。2．Linda ________ a diary every day when she was a student. And now she asks her daughter to do the same.A．keeps B．kept C．is keeping D．keep【答案】B【详解】句意：琳达学生时代每天都写日记，现在她要求女儿也这样做。考查时态。根据“when she was a student”可知，时态是一般过去时，此处表示过去经常发生的事情，故用keep的过去式kept。故选B。【写作佳句】（2023·湖北黄石·统考中考真题）Young Chinese people should keep the motherland at heart, aim high, and have their feet firmly on the ground.中国青年要胸怀祖国，志存高远，脚踏实地。考点5 be sure about/of 确信,对……有把握后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式，表示对客观事物有肯定的认识和判断，主语必须是人。I am really sure about it. 对于这件事我确实有把握。I think I can win the match. I am sure of/about it. 我认为我能赢这场比赛。我对此有把握。【知识拓展】 【经典练】1．Daniel is sure ________ out the secret. You can be sure ________ that.A．about finding; about B．that he’ll find; for C．of finding; of D．to find; of【答案】D【详解】句意：丹尼尔一定会发现这个秘密的。你尽管放心。be sure to do对做某事有把握；be sure of对某事有把握，后跟名词或代词。故选D。【写作佳句】Make sure that you come here earlier tomorrow, or you’ll be in trouble.明天确保早点来，否则你就会有麻烦的。考点6 make sure 确保，查明常用于祈使句中，后面常接that（可省略）引导的宾语从句（从句不使用将来时）或of＋名词（词组）/代词，意为＂确保＂。Make sure (that) you lock the door when you leave. 当你离开时确保锁上门。They scored another goal and made sure of the victory. 他们又进了一个球，这就赢定了。【知识拓展】【经典练】1．When you ________ the office, you’d better ________ that all the lights are turned off.A．leave; make sure B．leave; to make sure C．will leave; make sure    D．will leave; to make sure【答案】A【详解】句意：当你离开办公室时，你最好确保关掉所有的灯。考查动词时态。when引导的时间状语从句，时态是主将从现，故when后的从句是一般现在时，排除C和D选项；had better是情态动词，其后是动词原形。故选A。【写作佳句】It is important to make sure all the waste is properly and safely dealt with.确保所有的废弃物都得到妥善和安全的处理是很重要的。考点7 college n. 学院；大学；高等专科学校go to college/university上大学 If you want to go to college, you must work hard. 要是你想上大学，就得好好学习。【易混辨析】 college / university【经典练】1．―I heard your son will go to ________ college to learn art after leaving high school.―He has already been ________ art student now.A．/; the B．the; the C．the; an D．/; an【答案】D【详解】句意：——我听说你儿子高中毕业后要上大学学习艺术。——他现在已经是一个艺术生了。考查冠词辨析。/是零冠词；the是定冠词，表特指；an是不定冠词，修饰单数名词表泛指，用于以元音音素开头的单词前面；a是不定冠词，修饰单数名词表泛指，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前面。分析句子可知，go to college“上大学”是固定短语，前空不用冠词；第二空是泛指一名艺术生，且art以元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词an修饰。故选D。【写作佳句】（2021·江苏泰州·统考中考真题）It's reported that, in general , people with college education can make more money than those without.据报道，一般来说，受过大学教育的人比没有受过大学教育的人能赚更多的钱。 考点8 take8. We’re going to take singing lessons. take singing lessons上视唱课。take ... lessons 意为＂上……课＂。take后接动词的-ing形式。take ... lessons相当于have... lessons。I’m taking French lessons. 我在上法语课。【经典练】1．The new park is big and beautiful. Many people often ________ a walk there after supper.A．took B．will take C．were taking D．take【答案】D【详解】句意：这个新的公园又大又漂亮。许多人经常晚饭后在这里散步。考查一般现在时。took动词过去式，用于一般过去时；will take用于一般将来时；were taking用于过去进行时；take动词原形，用于一般现在时。根据“often”可知是一般现在时，且主语many people是复数人称，故动词要用动词原形，故选D。【写作佳句】（2023·辽宁抚顺·统考中考真题）The girl takes her dog for a walk along the river every evening.这个女孩每天晚上带着她的狗沿着河边散步。考点9. education n. 教育education为不可数名词，没有复数形式。但当有形容词修饰时，其前可用不定冠词。a good education 良好的教育I had twelve years of education. 我受过12年的教育。【知识拓展】 【经典练】1．The Battle at Lake Changjin is ________ educational movie. Many people love it.A．the B．a C．an D．/【答案】C【详解】句意：《长津湖战役》是一部有教育意义的电影。许多人喜欢它。考查冠词。the定冠词，表示特指；a不定冠词，表示泛指一个；an 不定冠词，表示泛指一个，用于元音音素开头的单词前。分析句子可知，横线上表示泛指一个，由于educational是元音音素开头，所以是冠词an。故选C。2．—Did you see the moving movie called The Battle at Lake Chang Jin? —Certainly. It is ________ movie I’ve ever seen.A．more educational B．the most educational C．the least educational【答案】B【详解】句意：——你看过《长津湖》这部感人的电影吗？——当然。这是我看过的最有教育意义的电影。考查最高级。定语从句“I’ve ever seen”修饰名词movie，比较范围大于三，空处用最高级。the most educational最有教育意义的；the least educational最没有教育意义的。根据“the moving movie called The Battle at Lake Chang Jin”可知，这部电影是最有教育意义的。故选B。【写作佳句】Art education is highly valued in the 21st century. It teaches children to be creative, discover and enjoy beauty.在21世纪，艺术教育受到高度重视。它教导孩子们要有创造力，发现和享受美。考点10. medicine n. 药；医学medicine为不可数名词。吃药的＂吃＂可用take。A person who wants to become a doctor has to study medicine. 一个想当医生的人得学习医学。I want some medicine for cold. 我想要一些治疗感冒的药。【知识拓展】 【易混辨析】 medicine / pill【经典练】1．The doctor checked the man and gave him some ________.A．luck B．pain C．information D．medicine【答案】D【详解】句意：医生检查了那个人，给他了些药。考查名词辨析。luck运气；pain疼痛；information信息；medicine药。根据“The doctor checked the man”可知，此处指医生给病人检查完后开药。故选D。【写作佳句】— I wish some medicine of magic could help me remember everything in class.——我希望一些魔法药物可以帮助我记住课堂上的一切。考点11. send v. 邮寄；发送 send sb sth/send sth to sb 把某物寄送给某人 send sb to do sth 派某人去做某事Please send me some pictures of Beijing. 请寄给我几张北京的图片。I’ll send you a book. =I’ll send a book to you. 我将寄给你一本书。She sent me to pick up her son last week. 她上周派我去接她儿子。【知识拓展】 【经典练】1．—_________ did you tell Mary what happened to you?—By ________ an e­mail.A．How; send B．How; sending C．What; send D．What; sending【答案】B【详解】句意：——你怎样告诉玛丽你发生了什么的？ ——通过发电子邮件。考查特殊疑问句和动名词用法。How怎样，提问方式；What什么，提问名词。根据回答“By...an e­mail.”可知，此处提问的是方式，第一空用how；介词by后跟动名词作宾语，第二空用sending，故选B。【写作佳句】If your friend sends you a message to borrow money, you’d better call him directly first to make sure.如果你的朋友发信息向你借钱，你最好直接打电话给他确认一下。考点12. make the soccer team 成为足球队的一员（1）make the soccer team“成为足球队的一员”Would you like to make the soccer team? 你想成为足球队的一员吗？注意：make a soccer team “组建一支足球队”（2）team 名词，意为“队；组”，指在某个队或是某个队的队员，其前可用介词in/on。The twin brothers are in/on the same basketball team. 这对双胞胎兄弟是统一篮球队的成员。【知识拓展】【经典练】1．— Next term I’m going to make the soccer team.  — ________.A．Sounds like a good plan B．No way C．You’re welcome【答案】A【详解】句意：——下学期我要组建足球队。——听起来是个好计划。考查情景交际用语。Sounds like a good plan听起来是个好计划；No way没门儿；You’re welcome不用谢。根据上文是在表明自己的计划，可知此处要发表肯定的看法，故选A。【写作佳句】I like music very much and next year I am going to play an instrument.我非常喜欢音乐，明年我打算弹奏乐器。考点13 soundSound interesting. 听起来很有趣。sound此处用作连系动词，意为“听起来好像”，后常接形容词作表语。常见搭配sound like表示“听起来像”。The music sounds very beautiful. 音乐听起来很优美。【知识拓展】sound还可作名词，表示“声音”。I fell asleep listening to the sound of the wind. 听着风声我睡着了。【经典练】1．—You shouldn’t argue with your friend. You’d better help each other, instead. —________. Thanks for your advice.A．Sounds great B．With pleasure C．It doesn’t matter D．That’s all right【答案】A【详解】句意：——你不应该和你的朋友争论。相反，你们最好互相帮助。——听起来不错。谢谢你的建议。考查情景交际。Sounds great听起来不错；With pleasure愿意效劳；It doesn’t matter没关系；That’s all right不必客气。根据“You shouldn’t argue with your friend. You’d better help each other, instead.”可知对方是提出建议，所以回答“Sounds great”符合情景，故选A。【写作佳句】（2021·黑龙江鸡西·统考中考真题）In the past people didn’t know that light travels faster than sound.过去人们不知道光比声音传播得快。考点14 be able to＂能够＂3. Were you able to keep them? be able to表示＂能够＂，相当于 can，常用来表示 can不能表达的将来时或完成时的情况，可用于各种时态。He will be able to finish reading the book next week. 他下周将能读完这本书。【易混辨析】【经典练】1．What do you think these robots ________ in the future?A．will can B．will be able to do C．were able to do D．could【答案】B【详解】句意：你对未来的机器人有什么看法？考查动词时态和动词辨析。can能够；be able to能够；could能够。根据“in the future”可知时态为一般将来时“will+动词原形”，can和could不能放在will后面，故选B。【写作佳句】Maybe we will be able to live on another planet with the development of space technology.—也许随着太空技术的发展，我们将能够生活在另一个星球上。考点15. promise n. 承诺；诺言　 v. 许诺； 承诺；保证 make a promise/promises 允诺 keep a /one’s promise 遵守诺言，信守承诺 break a /one’s promise违背诺言 promise to do sth答应做某事 promise sbto do sth答应某人做某事 promise sb sth答应某人某事If you make a promise, you should keep it. 如果你许诺了，你就要遵守你的诺言。My teacher promised to help us. 我老师答应要帮助我们。You must promise me to be early tomorrow morning. 你必须答应我明天早上早点。【经典练】1．（You must promise ________ others before I tell you.A．to tell B．telling C．not to tell D．not telling【答案】C【详解】句意：你必须答应在我告诉你之前不告诉别人。考查非谓语动词。promise (not) to do sth“承诺（不）做某事”，是固定短语。根据“others before I tell you.”可知应该是承诺不告诉别人，故选C。【写作佳句】Tom made a(n) promise to his mother that he would never play computer games at night.汤姆向他妈妈许下承诺，他不会在晚上玩电脑游戏。考点16. at the beginning of “在……开始”beginning在此作名词，意为“开头，开端”。At the beginning of this term, I found it hard to learn math. 这学期初，我发现学习数学很难。You can find this sentence at the beginning of this article. 你会在文章开头找到这个句子。【知识拓展】【经典练】1．When we make resolutions ______ the year, we hope we are going to improve our lives.A．at the end of B．at the beginning of C．in the beginning【答案】B【详解】句意：当我们在年初下决心的时候，我们希望我们将会改善我们的生活。考查介词短语。at the end of在……结束时；at the beginning of在……的开始；in the beginning起初。根据“When we make resolutions … the year, we hope we are going to improve our lives.”可知，希望我们将会改善我们的生活，说明此处指的是年初，at the beginning of the year意为“年初”，故选B。【写作佳句】When we make resolutions at the beginning of the year, we hope that we are going to make our lives better.当我们在年初下定决心时，我们希望我们将使我们的生活更好。考点17. improve v. 改进；改善improve此处用作及物动词，意为＂改进；改善＂，还可用作不及物动词。I want to improve my English. 我想要提高我的英语（水平）。 The weather is beginning to improve. 天气开始好转了。【注意】【知识拓展】【经典练】1．（2022秋·辽宁抚顺·八年级统考期中）________ your English, you must practice reading it every day.A．Improve B．Improving C．To improving D．To improve【答案】D【详解】句意：为了提高你的英语，你必须每天练习阅读。考查非谓语。空处表示目的，此处应用不定式作目的状语，故选D。【写作佳句】Doing sports is one of the best ways to improve your physical health.运动是改善身体健康的最好方法之一。考点18.have to do with关于；与……有关系7. Many resolutions have to do with self-improvement. have to do with关于；与……有关系。这个句型表示与某事、某人有牵连，有关系，有瓜葛。What does this have to do with me? 这跟我有什么关系？I had nothing to do with the murder. I was at home all night. 我跟那谋杀一点关系都没有。我整晚都在家。【知识拓展】【经典练】1．There are many kinds of resolutions. Some ________ physical health. Others are about self-improvement.A．is about B．has to do with C．are up to D．have to do with【答案】D【详解】句意：新年决心有很多种。有些与身体健康有关。还有一些是关于自我提升的。考查动词短语辨析。some指代上文的resolutions（决心），是复数人称，动词不可用单数形式，可排除is和has。be up to…的责任，have to do with与…有关，都是固定短语；根据下文Others are about self-improvement.可知have to do with符合语境，故选D。【写作佳句】Resolutions usually have to do with better planning, but sometimes they may be too difficult to keep.决心通常与更好的计划有关，但有时它们可能太难坚持。考点19.take up＂学着做；开始做；从事＂8. …they are going to take up a hobby like… take up指＂学着做；开始做；从事＂。后面可接名词或动名词。 He had studied Japanese for a year and a half before he took up English. 他开始学习英语之前已经学一年半日语了。He took up football when he was 6 years old. 他六岁时就开始学踢足球了。The young girl wants to take up teaching English to little kids. 这个年轻的姑娘想开始从事幼儿英语教学。【知识拓展】　【经典练】1．（2022秋·湖北黄冈·八年级统考期末）—Are you going to ________ a new hobby next year?—Yes, I think volleyball is good for me!A．put up B．make up C．get up D．take up【答案】D【详解】句意：——明年你打算培养一个新爱好吗？——是的，我认为排球对我有好处！考查动词短语。put up张贴；make up编造；get up起床；take up开始从事。根据“a new hobby”可知是培养新爱好，take up a new hobby“培养一种新的爱好”。故选D。【写作佳句】In order to make my life more colorful, I plan to take up a new hobby like painting or growing flowers when I am free.为了让我的生活更加丰富多彩，我计划在空闲时养成一个新的爱好，比如画画或种花。考点20.too…to…是＂太……以致不能……＂9. Sometimes the resolutions may be too difficult to keep. too…to…是＂太……以致不能……＂，to是不定式符号，后接动词原形，该句式虽没有否定词not/no，但表达否定意义，若逻辑主语是动作的执行者，则需用 for 引出。English is too difficult for me to read. 对我来说英语太难了。【知识拓展】　【经典练】1．（2022秋·辽宁丹东·八年级统考期末）—Come on, Lily! We are getting to the mountain soon!—But I’m ________ tired ________ walk any more.A．so; that B．so; to C．too; to D．such; that【答案】C【详解】句意：——加油，莉莉！我们很快就要到山上了！——但是我太累了，走不动了。考查短语辨析。so...that如此……以至于……；so...to没有此结构；too…to太……而不能……；such...that如此……以至于……。根据“walk any more”可知，讲述太累了而走不动，故选C。【写作佳句】（2022·江苏宿迁·统考中考真题）Jack always gives his friends help when they need it, because he “ A friend in need is a friend ”.杰克总是在朋友需要的时候给他们帮助，因为他“患难见真情”。考点21. discuss v. 讨论，商量。discuss sth. with sb. 和某人讨论某事We discussed our plans for the new term. 我们讨论了我们的新学期计划。You needn’t discuss this matter with me. 你不必和我讨论这件事。注意：discuss一般不直接跟动词不定式作宾语，但可跟“疑问词+动词不定式”结构或疑问词引导的从句They are discussing how to do it.他们在讨论怎么做这件事。【经典练】1．（2023·福建龙岩·八年级统考期末）—Where was Tom at that moment?—He ________ a math problem with his teacher on the internet.A．discussed B．was discussing C．will discuss【答案】B【详解】句意：——汤姆当时在哪里？——他在网上和老师讨论一道数学题。考查时态。根据“ at that moment”可知此处用过去进行时，表“过去某个时间点发生的动作”。故选B。【写作佳句】When you have problems in your study or life, you can discuss them with your teacher.当你在学习或生活中有问题时，你可以和你的老师讨论。考点22. own adj. & pron. 自己的（1）own作形容词时，意为＂自己的＂，一般放在物主代词之后，用以强调＂某人自己的＂。Every dance has its own rhythm. 每个舞蹈都有它自己的节奏。I saw it with my own eyes. 我亲眼看见的。I decided to have my own shop. 我决定开一家我自己的店。（2）own作代词时，意为＂自己；亲身＂，常用于下列短语中： = 1 \* GB3 ①of one’s own意为＂属于某人自己的＂，of前常为名词或不定代词。We have no house of our own. 我们没有自己的房子。He has nothing of his own now. 他现在一无所有。 = 2 \* GB3 ②on one’s own意为＂独自，单独；独立地＂，在句中作状语。He didn’t get any help and had to complete the work on his own. 他没有得到任何帮助，不得不独自完成 这项工作。 = 3 \* GB3 ③with one’s own意为＂用某人自己的＂，own后接名词。Remember to do everything with your own ideas. 记得用你自己的想法去做每一件事。【知识拓展】【经典练】1．The girl has a bedroom ________.A．on her own B．in her own C．of her own【答案】C【详解】句意：这个女孩有一间自己的卧室。考查介词短语。on one’s own“独自一人”；of one’s own“属于自己的”。根据“The girl has a bedroom”可知是指属于自己的房间，故选C。【写作佳句】We are sure that you can do it on your own.我们相信你能靠自己做到。一．语法精讲——be going to 的用法be going to的用法＂be going to+动词原形＂用来表示近期或事先考虑过的将要发生的动作以及已有迹象表明必将发生某事，意为＂打算，就要＂。 be的形式应随主语的人称和单复数而变化。（一）be going to结构的用法1. be going to结构多用来表示主观上打算在将来某个时候做某事。表示说话人打算、准备、计划、安排要做的事，一般是经过预先考虑并做好准备的，所表达的行动通常被认为很可能付诸实施，常与一些表示将来的时间状语连用。 We’re going to pick apples next Wednesday. 我们下周三打算去摘苹果。 Is your sister going to have a swim tomorrow? 你姐姐明天要去游泳吗？ Peter is going to be a policeman when he grows up. 彼得长大了打算当警察。 2. be going to结构用来表示根据主观判断肯定将会发生的事。表示说话人根据目前客观迹象预测某件事情极有可能发生，是说话人确信如此，是指即将发生或肯定要发生的事情。在be sure、be afraid、believe、think 之后都可以这样用。 Look at the heavy clouds! It’s going to rain. 看那乌云！天要下雨了。 He’s very ill. I’m afraid he’s going to die. 他病得厉害。我恐怕他将要死了。 The rain has stopped. The sun is going to come out. 雨停了。太阳就要出来了。 3. be going to结构用来表示决心、肯定等。Lily is going to have her long hair cut. 莉莉要把她的长发剪掉。 But it’s going to be a very tiring year for me. 但是对我来说，这肯定是非常累人的一年。4. be going to结构也可用来表示即将发生的事。 The plane is going to take off in ten minutes. 飞机将在十分钟后起飞。5. be going to结构后面也能接be动词原形。What time is the game going to be? 比赛将在什么时候开始？ 6.there be句型的一般将来时的肯定结构为：There is going to be+名词+其他成分.，意思是＂将要有……＂。 There is going to be a class meeting this week. 这周将有一次班会。7. be going to结构后面习惯上不跟go、come等表位移的动词，一般用该动词的进行时形式表示将来。 We’re going there again next Sunday. 下周日我们要再去那里。 （二）be going to结构的各种句式1. 肯定句：主语 ＋ be going to ＋ 动词原形 ＋ 其他. 如：I am going to play computer games next Sunday.下周日我打算玩电脑游戏。2. 否定句：主语 ＋ be ＋ not ＋ going to ＋ 动词原形 ＋ 其他. 如：He isn’t going to see a film with us tonight.今晚他不打算和我们一起去看电影。3. 一般疑问句：Be ＋ 主语 ＋ going to ＋ 动词原形 ＋ 其他?肯定回答：Yes, 主语 ＋be.否定回答：No, 主语 ＋ be ＋ not.如：—Are you going to watch talk shows after dinner? 晚饭后你们打算看访谈节目吗？—Yes, we are. / No, we aren’t. 是的，我们打算看。/ 不，我们不打算看。4. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 ＋ be ＋ 主语 ＋ going to ＋ 动词原形 ＋ 其他？如：How are you going to learn English? 你打算怎样学习英语？【巧学妙记】【注意】There be going to be...结构中，靠近there的be随主语变化，而后面的be是动词原形，不变化。There is going to be an English film this evening. 今晚将有一场英文电影。（三）be going to 常用的时间状语be going to 表达的是未发生的动作，因此常与一些表示将来的时间状语连用。例如：tomorrow，this evening，next month，in three weeks等。有时也可与when，before，after，until 等引导的时间状语从句连用。What is he going to do after he plays football? 他踢完足球以后打算做什么？（四）be going to结构和will的比较 一般will可以和be going to互换。be going to多表示打算、意图。We are going to/will meet in the park at 5 pm. 我们下午5点将在公园相见。 【注意】以下情况多用will 而不用be going to。1. 侧重于说话人相信或希望要发生的事，可指遥远的将来。I believe he will become a famous actor. 我相信他会成为一名著名的演员。 2. 陈述自然规律，表示单纯的将来事实。This year she is 17 and next year she’ll be 18. 今年她17岁，明年就18岁了。 3. 带有主观意愿的色彩。 If you like, I will do it for you. 如果你喜欢我会为你做那件事的。 4. 征询对方意见，或表示客气、邀请或命令。Will he smoke here? 他可以在这儿吸烟吗？5. 在条件和时间状语从句中，如果从句中的谓语动词用一般现在时，那么主句中就用一般将来时。 I will chat with you as soon as I am on the Internet. 我一上网就和你聊天。写作主题：计划与愿望 一、话题分析与本单元话题相关的书面表达一般是谈论未来的打算。能用be going to，want to，hope to，expect to，be ready to，plan to谈论未来生活的计划与愿望，内容包括未来想要从事的职业或梦想及怎样实现梦想。在写作过程中，学生应做到以下几点：1.能描述自己的梦想或目标，并介绍为实现这一梦想或目标而制定的计划；2.叙述要有条理，先叙述未来的计划和打算，再叙述打算采取的行动，在谈论行动时要分清主次且按先后顺序进行；3.恰当使用be going to结构。二、词汇积累1. cook 厨师　　　　2. engineer 工程师 3. violinist 小提琴手4. pianist 钢琴家 5. pilot 飞行员 6. computer programmer 计算机程序设计员;编程人员7. take up 开始从事；占用 8. grow up 成熟；长大9. make sure 确保;查明10. be sure about 确信;对……有把握11. be able to 能够做某事12. have to do with 关于；与……有关系13. make the soccer team 组建足球队14. get lots of exercise 多进行体育锻炼15. practice basketball every day　每天练习打篮球 16. eat healthier food吃更健康的食物17. learn education/medicine/computer science学习教/医药/电脑科学 18. be good at writing stories 擅长写故事19. take singing / acting lessons 上唱歌/表演课 20. learn another foreign language 学习另一种外语，学习第二外语三、句型积累1. I am going to be a writer, because I like reading storybooks. 我要成为一名作家，因为我喜欢读故事书。2. I’m going to exercise more and eat less junk food. 我打算多多锻炼并少吃垃圾食品。3. It’s not easy to become a doctor, so I make a plan for it.4. I will limit the time I spend watching TV to one hour per day. 我打算限制我看电视的时间至每天一小时。5. I plan to get more exercise to improve my physical health.6. To get into the best medical school, I need to get good grades. 为了进入最好的医科大学，我需要取得好成绩。7. I am going to try my best to make my dream come true.8. I want to he an engineer. 我想当一名工程师。9. I’m going to practice basketball every day. 我打算每天练习篮球10. I’m going to keep on writing stories. 我打算坚持写故事。11. Many resolutions have to do with self-improvement. 许多决心和自身提高有关系。 典例赏析：根据汉语提示及要求，以“My dream job”为题用英语写一篇短文。提示： 1. 你想成为一名记者；2. 你打算给报纸、杂志写文章；3. 高中毕业后想去北京上大学；4. 想在一家电台工作并环游世界。要求： 1. 条理清楚，语句通顺，语法正确，书写规范；2. 提示内容全部体现在文章中；3. 不少于80词。My dream job_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________My dream jobWhen I grow up，I m going lo be a journalist Next year，I'm going to write articles for magazines and newspapers. I’m going to a university in Beijing after senior school. Maybe I’m going to find a part-time job and save some money. Next，I’m going to work for a TV station as a journalist. Then I’m going to travel all over the world.【解析】这是一篇给材料作文。要求以“My dream job”为题用英语写一篇短文。根据所给出的材料内容可知，文章时态用一般现在时，人称主要用第一称。首先认真审题，看清题目中的要求和要点；然后根据提示内容，列出写作要点及每个要点中可能要用到的表达；然后紧扣要点，动笔写作。在写作时，注意连句成篇，保持文章的连贯性，要层次清楚，要点分明，中心突出。同时要注意语言的表述应该符合语法的结构，造句应该符合英语的表达习惯；尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，最好不要写太长的复合句；尽量选取简单的易拼写的单词，确保正确率；词汇、句式要丰富多样，可以为文章增色添彩。最后要细心复核检查，确保正确无误。Unit 6 I’m going to study computer science.重点短语grow up成长；长大 ； grow into... 长成 every day每天 be sure about对……有把握 make sure确信；务必 send…to…把……送到…… be able to do sth.能够做某事 the meaning of……的意思 different kinds of不同种类的 write down写下；记下 have to do with关于；与……有关系 take up开始做；学着做 hardly ever几乎不；很少 too…to…太……而不能……/太……以至于不能 a weekly plan 一个周计划 in common 共同；共有at the beginning of… 在…开始时 at the end of … 在…结束时/的终点take medicine 吃药19.physical health 身体健康20.New Year’s resolutions 新年的决心二、用法1.cook n.厨师【拓展】(1)cooker n.厨具(2)cook sb.sth.＝cook sth. for sb.给某人做饭(3)do some cooking 做饭2.driver是以动词drive加词尾-r构成的指人的名词。英语中还有很多指人的名词是以动词加词尾-er构成的，常见的有：worker, teacher, singer, player等等。以动词加词尾-or构成的常见名词有：actor, author, visitor, sailor, inventor等等。3.（1）keep on doing sth.继续做某事（表示动作反复，间歇）（2）keep sb.(sth.)doing sth.让某人(物)不断做某事（持续）4.sure adj.确信的；其主要用法如下：(1)be sure + about /of +名词、代词或动名词，意为“确信；对……有把握”。(2)be sure +动词不定式，意为“务必做某事；一定做某事”。(3)be sure +宾语从句，意为“肯定；确信”。(4)make sure +that宾语从句或动词不定式，意为“确保；查明”。5. try one’s best 相当于do one’s best意为“尽力”。6. Not everyone knows what they want to be.不是每个人都知道他们想要做什么。 英语中all, both, every, everyone等词与not, no连用时，表示的是部分否定，而非全部否定。如:Not everyone in our class likes football.我们班不是每个同学都喜欢足球。7.college与 university的区别两者均有“学院，大学”之意。college 多指大学内的学院，分科学院或科目较少的高等学校；university 主要指综合性大学，一般由多个学院组成，如: Beijing University。当泛指大学时通常用college表示。8.education (1)用作名词，意为“教育”。 如:school education学校教育(2)形容词形式为educational。如:an educational film一部很有教育意义的电影9.medicine (1) medicine是名词， 意为“药；医学”。 如:take some medicine 吃药(2)形容词形式为medical，意为“医学的,医疗的”,如:medical team医疗队10.send (1)send是动词，意为“邮寄；发送”，其过去式为sent，常用于短语send sb.sth.= send sth. to sb. 如:Who sent Bill the tie?=Who sent the tie to Bill?谁送比尔这条领带的？(2)与send有相同用法的常见动词还有give, pass, lend, offer等等，但是动词buy, get, make,cook等常与介词for连用。即：buy sb.sth.= buy sth. for sb. （3）send sb. to sp. 派遣某人到某地 send sb to do sth. 派某人做某事send up 发射；使上升 send away 开除；赶走send for 派（人）去请 send a letter/ message 邮寄信，发送消息11.resolution (1)作不可数名词，意为“坚决；决心；果断”。如:He showed great resolution to us.他向我们展示了他巨大的决心。（2）作可数名词，意为“决议；决定；决心要做的事”。 如:His father often makes a resolution to stop smoking.他爸爸经常下决心戒烟。12.make the soccer team组建足球队（1）make 在此处用作动词，意为“组织”。指建一支球队时，make可以用start替换，可以说成start the soccer team。（2）make后面还常接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，make sb.do sth.意为“使某人做某事”。（3）make 后面还可接形容词作宾语补足语，常用于make sb./sth.+adj. 如:make me happy使我高兴13.foreign（1）作形容词，意为“外国的”。 如:his foreign friends他的外国朋友（2）其名词形式是foreigner，意为“外国人”。 如:a foreigner from Europe来自欧洲的外国朋友14. sound like“听起来像”，后接名词或代词。【拓展】(1)sound v.听起来，后接形容词作表语。(2)sound n.声音，指自然界的声音。15.辨析can与be able to （1）can为情态动词，无人称和数的变化，过去式为could。当表示请求、允许及猜测时，只能用can，当表示现在或过去的能力时，can/ could和be able to可通用。(2)be able to do sth. 有人称、时态和数的变化。16. promise (1)n.承诺；诺言1)make a promise to sb.＝make promises to sb.向某人许诺2)keep/break one’s promise 保守/打破诺言（2）v.许诺；承诺1)promise sb.sth.＝ promise sth.to sb.答应某人某事……2)promise sb.to do sth.答应某人做某事3)promise to do sth. 答应做某事3)promise +that宾语从句 许诺(答应)……17.improve (1)用作动词，意为“改进；改善”。如:improve my spoken English提高我的英语口语(2)名词形式为improvement。self-improvement 自我改进，自我提高；18.write down write down是“动词+副词”构成的动副型短语，名词宾语位于write down之间或后面皆可，代词宾语必须置于write down之间。如:write down your name=write your name down写下你的名字write it down写下它19.（1）have to do with关于；与……有关系（2）have nothing to do with 与……没有关系20.own adj.& pron.自己的；本人的【拓展】own v.拥有；占有；owner n.所有者；物主take up 学着做，开始做 ；占用时间或者空间 （1）take up+V-ing/名词；辨析：at the beginning of 与in the beginning （1）at the beginning of ，可以指时间，也可以指位置，指时间（着重于一点），意为“在...之初”，指位置时，意为“在....的起点”。 （2）in the beginning 仅指时间（着重于时间段），意为“起初，在初期”，相当于at first，其后不能接of短语，常做状语。too....to.... 太....而不能 （1）too+adj./adv.+for sb.to+V原；如：The question is too difficult for me to answer.语法一般将来时的用法（一）1.一般将来时的定义一般将来时表示在将来某一个时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态，也可以表示打算好在将来要去做的动作。一般将来时主要有两种表示形式：“will+动词原形”和be going to结构。本单元主要介绍be going to结构。2.be going to结构的基本句型肯定句：主语+am (is,are) +going to do.否定句：主语+ am (is,are) +not +going to do.一般疑问句：Am( is,are)+主语+ going to do？肯定回答：Yes，主语+ am (is,are).否定回答：No，主语+ am (is,are) +not.如：Jim is going to take part in the school trip next Sunday.Jim isn’t going to take part in the school trip next Sunday.Is Jim going to take part in the school trip next Sunday?Yes,he is./No,he isn’t.3.一般将来时的判断(1)句中有表示将来时间的状语时，用一般将来时。这样的时间状语有：①“tomorrow一家” 如：tomorrow morning, at five o’clock tomorrow afternoon②“next一家” 如：next week, at four next Friday afternoon③“this一家” 如：at the end of this month温馨提示：this morning常用于一般过去时。④表示将来的短语或日期。如：soon, from now on, in the future, in a few days’ time, in a moment, in the year 2016。如：The famous singer is going to have a concert next month.那个有名的歌手下个月将举办演唱会。Her parents are going to buy a car at the end of this year.她的父母今年年底将买车。(2)有迹象表明或从句意判断出某一动作或状态是在将来发生或存在的，也用将来时。如：The boys are putting their books and pens in their backpacks. I think they are going to walk home.那些男孩们正在把书和钢笔放进他们的背包里。我想他们将步行回家。Unit6 核心话题计划与愿望 重点词汇1. computer programmer2. cook 3. doctor 4. engineer 5. violinist 6. driver7. pilot 8. pianist9. scientist 10. college 11. education 12. medicine13. university 14. London 15. article 16. send 17. resolution 18. team 19. foreign 20. able 21. promise 22. beginning 23. improve 24. paint 25. weekly 26. schoolwork 27. question 28. meaning 29. discuss 30. own 31. personal32. relationship.etc重点短语 1. grow up 2. be sure about 3. make sure 4. make the soccer team 5. be able to6. at the beginning of 7. write down 8. make a resolution 9. get good grades 10. foreign language 11. take piano lessons 12. have to do with 13. make promises14. take up 15. have something in common 16. too…to… 17. agree with 重点句型1. —What do you want to be when you grow up? 你长大后打算干什么？—I want to be a basketball player. 我想当一名篮球运动员。2. —How are you going to do that? 那你打算怎么做呢？—I’m going to practice basketball every day. 我打算每天练习打篮球。3.—Where are you going to work? 你准备去哪里工作？—I’m going to move to Shanghai. 我准备搬到上海。4. Resolutions are promises to yourself. 决心就是对自己的承诺。5. They may help to make you a better person and to make your life easier. 他们将会帮助你使你更完美，使你的生活更容易。语法be going to的用法写作谈论未来的打算come、go、leave、arrive、fly等表示位置转移的动词，常用现在进行时表示将要发生的动作。Miss Yang is coming tonight. 杨老师今晚要来。I’m leaving for Beijing tomorrow. 我明天要去北京。keep on doing表示动作的反复This old man kept on coming to offer us hot water.这位老人不断地给我们送热水。keep doing表示动作或状态的持续He kept standing there for an hour without moving. 他在那儿一动不动地站了一个小时。（1）keep sb（sth） doing sth让某人（物） 不断做某事 The boss kept the workers working all day. 老板让工人们整天不断地工作。（2）keep sb/sthfrom doing sth表示 ＂阻止某人/物做某事＂。 Be careful! Keep the glass from dropping onto the floor. 当心！防止玻璃杯掉到地板上。（1）be sure to do sth.务必做某事；确信做某事。I’m sure to go with you. 我确信和你一起去。（2）be sure＋that 从句，表示＂肯定；确信＂，许多时候可与＂be sure to do sth.＂替换。I’m sure that I can run much faster.＝I’m sure to run much faster.我肯定能跑得快多了。make sure to do sth 务必/确保去做某事make sure of sth 查明某事，弄清某事college指＂学院，大学＂，一般指综合大学内部的学院。它也可指独立的学院。She studies in a college of foreign languages. 她在一所外语学院学习。university意为＂大学＂，通常指由多个学院 (college) 组成的综合性大学。Both their children are at university. 他们的两个孩子都在上大学。educate v. 教育，培养educational adj. 教育的；有教育意义的，作表语或定语。medicine n. 药 → medical adj. 医学的 → medically adv. 医学地固定搭配：take one’s (some/the) medicine吃药 medicine＂药＂，为不可数名词Please remind her to take the medicine on time. 请提醒她按时吃药。university为可数名词，表示＂药丸＂I had three pills for lunch. 午饭时我吃了三个药丸。send for 派人去请 send up 发射 (火箭、卫星、飞船等)send away 开除，送出，解雇 send off 寄出（1）team表示由若干人组成的“队”或“组”，具有集合意义。在句中作主语时，谓语根据情况可用单数（侧重整体）或复数（侧重个体）。I want to know which team is the best.我想知道哪个队最好。Their football team are playing harder. 他们的足球队员正更努力地踢球（2）a team of后跟复数名词，表示“一组/队……”。A team of students did it.一群学生做了这件事。can / be able to(1) can＂能＂，表示过去或现在＂能力所及＂时，与be able to 通用。 He can / is able to speak German. 他会说德语。 I could / was able to run very fast when I was a boy. 我小时候就跑得很快。(2) be able to的过去式还可表示一种＂经过努力做到了＂的意思。而can的过去式则没有这种意义。 He started late, but he was able to catch the train. 他出发晚了，但他还是赶上了火车。(3) can通常只用于过去或现在两种时态，而be able to 则可用于各种时态。 He has not been able to come since he got hurt. 自从受伤以后，他就一直未能前来。(4)在表示猜测时，只能用can，而不能用be able to。 That can’t be your bag. 那不可能是你的书包。（1）at the beginning“起初”。 I disliked this dog at the beginning. 起初我不喜欢狗。（2）from beginning to end“从头到尾”。 I have read this book from beginning to end. 我从头到尾读了这本书。improve相当于make ... better，已包含better之义，再加上个better，即属赘余。我们希望改进我们的工作。误：We hope to improve our work better.正：We hope to improve our work.improve名词形式为improvement self-improvement 自我改进；自我提高have nothing to do with 与……没关系My brother has nothing to do with the fight. 我弟弟和打架没关系。take up还有＂占用时间或空间＂之意。Learning English takes up a lot of my time. 学英语占了我许多时间。That big table takes up too much room. 那张大桌子占的地方太大了。(1) too…to…可转化为复合句 so…that…句型，此时that从句的谓语动词要用否定形式。The problem is too difficult for me to work out.=The problem is so difficult that I can’t work it out.(2) too…to…还可转化为＂not+形容词/副词+enough to do＂，其中形容词/副词是句型too…to…中形容词/副词的反义词。His son is too young to go to school.= His son is not old enough to go to school.（1）own还可作动词，意为＂拥有＂，不用于进行时。Many people own a car now. 现在很多人都有车。（2）owner n. 物主；所有权人；主人He’s the owner of this house. 他是这栋房子的主人。＂be going to＂的用法口诀be going to，表打算、准备、计划将要干。表可能，有必然，通过现象来推断。使用它，要注意，疑问形式be提前。否定句，更简单，not放在be后边。to之后，动原形，be的形式看人称。Unit6 核心话题计划与愿望 重点词汇1. computer programmer2. cook 3. doctor 4. engineer 5. violinist 6. driver7. pilot 8. pianist9. scientist 10. college 11. education 12. medicine13. university 14. London 15. article 16. send 17. resolution 18. team 19. foreign 20. able 21. promise 22. beginning 23. improve 24. paint 25. weekly 26. schoolwork 27. question 28. meaning 29. discuss 30. own 31. personal32. relationship.etc重点短语 1. grow up 2. be sure about 3. make sure 4. make the soccer team 5. be able to6. at the beginning of 7. write down 8. make a resolution 9. get good grades 10. foreign language 11. take piano lessons 12. have to do with 13. make promises14. take up 15. have something in common 16. too…to… 17. agree with 重点句型1. —What do you want to be when you grow up? 你长大后打算干什么？—I want to be a basketball player. 我想当一名篮球运动员。2. —How are you going to do that? 那你打算怎么做呢？—I’m going to practice basketball every day. 我打算每天练习打篮球。3.—Where are you going to work? 你准备去哪里工作？—I’m going to move to Shanghai. 我准备搬到上海。4. Resolutions are promises to yourself. 决心就是对自己的承诺。5. They may help to make you a better person and to make your life easier. 他们将会帮助你使你更完美，使你的生活更容易。语法be going to的用法写作谈论未来的打算come、go、leave、arrive、fly等表示位置转移的动词，常用现在进行时表示将要发生的动作。Miss Yang is coming tonight. 杨老师今晚要来。I’m leaving for Beijing tomorrow. 我明天要去北京。keep on doing表示动作的反复This old man kept on coming to offer us hot water.这位老人不断地给我们送热水。keep doing表示动作或状态的持续He kept standing there for an hour without moving. 他在那儿一动不动地站了一个小时。（1）keep sb（sth） doing sth让某人（物） 不断做某事 The boss kept the workers working all day. 老板让工人们整天不断地工作。（2）keep sb/sthfrom doing sth表示 ＂阻止某人/物做某事＂。 Be careful! Keep the glass from dropping onto the floor. 当心！防止玻璃杯掉到地板上。（1）be sure to do sth.务必做某事；确信做某事。I’m sure to go with you. 我确信和你一起去。（2）be sure＋that 从句，表示＂肯定；确信＂，许多时候可与＂be sure to do sth.＂替换。I’m sure that I can run much faster.＝I’m sure to run much faster.我肯定能跑得快多了。make sure to do sth 务必/确保去做某事make sure of sth 查明某事，弄清某事college指＂学院，大学＂，一般指综合大学内部的学院。它也可指独立的学院。She studies in a college of foreign languages. 她在一所外语学院学习。university意为＂大学＂，通常指由多个学院 (college) 组成的综合性大学。Both their children are at university. 他们的两个孩子都在上大学。educate v. 教育，培养educational adj. 教育的；有教育意义的，作表语或定语。medicine n. 药 → medical adj. 医学的 → medically adv. 医学地固定搭配：take one’s (some/the) medicine吃药 medicine＂药＂，为不可数名词Please remind her to take the medicine on time. 请提醒她按时吃药。university为可数名词，表示＂药丸＂I had three pills for lunch. 午饭时我吃了三个药丸。send for 派人去请 send up 发射 (火箭、卫星、飞船等)send away 开除，送出，解雇 send off 寄出（1）team表示由若干人组成的“队”或“组”，具有集合意义。在句中作主语时，谓语根据情况可用单数（侧重整体）或复数（侧重个体）。I want to know which team is the best.我想知道哪个队最好。Their football team are playing harder. 他们的足球队员正更努力地踢球（2）a team of后跟复数名词，表示“一组/队……”。A team of students did it.一群学生做了这件事。can / be able to(1) can＂能＂，表示过去或现在＂能力所及＂时，与be able to 通用。 He can / is able to speak German. 他会说德语。 I could / was able to run very fast when I was a boy. 我小时候就跑得很快。(2) be able to的过去式还可表示一种＂经过努力做到了＂的意思。而can的过去式则没有这种意义。 He started late, but he was able to catch the train. 他出发晚了，但他还是赶上了火车。(3) can通常只用于过去或现在两种时态，而be able to 则可用于各种时态。 He has not been able to come since he got hurt. 自从受伤以后，他就一直未能前来。(4)在表示猜测时，只能用can，而不能用be able to。 That can’t be your bag. 那不可能是你的书包。（1）at the beginning“起初”。 I disliked this dog at the beginning. 起初我不喜欢狗。（2）from beginning to end“从头到尾”。 I have read this book from beginning to end. 我从头到尾读了这本书。improve相当于make ... better，已包含better之义，再加上个better，即属赘余。我们希望改进我们的工作。误：We hope to improve our work better.正：We hope to improve our work.improve名词形式为improvement self-improvement 自我改进；自我提高have nothing to do with 与……没关系My brother has nothing to do with the fight. 我弟弟和打架没关系。take up还有＂占用时间或空间＂之意。Learning English takes up a lot of my time. 学英语占了我许多时间。That big table takes up too much room. 那张大桌子占的地方太大了。(1) too…to…可转化为复合句 so…that…句型，此时that从句的谓语动词要用否定形式。The problem is too difficult for me to work out.=The problem is so difficult that I can’t work it out.(2) too…to…还可转化为＂not+形容词/副词+enough to do＂，其中形容词/副词是句型too…to…中形容词/副词的反义词。His son is too young to go to school.= His son is not old enough to go to school.（1）own还可作动词，意为＂拥有＂，不用于进行时。Many people own a car now. 现在很多人都有车。（2）owner n. 物主；所有权人；主人He’s the owner of this house. 他是这栋房子的主人。＂be going to＂的用法口诀be going to，表打算、准备、计划将要干。表可能，有必然，通过现象来推断。使用它，要注意，疑问形式be提前。否定句，更简单，not放在be后边。to之后，动原形，be的形式看人称。