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外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第四册Unit 4 Everyday economics优秀当堂检测题
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I 单词拼写:
Lcal businesses have prvided _______ (财政的) supprt fr pverty relief.
【答案】 financial
He rejected an bjective understanding f clr, in favr f a mre _______ (主观的) understanding.
【答案】subjective
This remarkable technlgy prvides far greater clarity than _______ (常规的) x-rays.
【答案】cnventinal
Nt nly was ur defect rate lwer, but the architecture and design were_______ (质量上乘的) .
【答案】superir
He's als a teaching assistant fr a _______ (大一新生) urban-studies class.
【答案】freshman
Yur intake f alchl shuld nt _______ (超过) tw units per day.
【答案】exceed
In sme years, the impact can be _______ (温和的) while in ther years it can be quite severe.
【答案】 mild
The decisin was based n emtin rather than _______ (理性的) thught.
【答案】ratinal
It was a time filled with difficulties and _______ (懊恼).
【答案】frustratin
As fr my viewpint, cllege graduates shuld seek a jb and _______ (积累) sme experience.
【答案】accumulate
II 单句语法填空:
We usually study in a bright rm the dr f __________ faces suth.
【答案】which
【解析】关系代词which引导定语从句修饰先行词 a bright rm.
Tm has the gd qualities f kindness and hnesty, _______ is what his parents expect.
【答案】which
【解析】关系代词which 引导非限制性定语从句,并且指代整个主句的内容。
___________ was ften the case, she frgt t bring her file t the meeting.
【答案】As
【解析】关系词as引导非限制性定语从句,指代后面整个主句的意义。As引导的定语从句本身表示说话人的看法或者评论,有“正如这”的意思。As was ften the case,
I wuld like the same shirt __________ my friend bught the ther day.
【答案】as
【解析】关系代词as 引导定语从句,在从句中作宾语;在本语境中构成 “the as...”相对固定的结构。
This is ne f the mst interesting tales ____________ I have ever read.
【答案】that
【解析】关系代词that引导定语从句修饰先行词tales,本语境中先行词有最高级修饰,故只能使用关系代词that不可用which.
Credit, r the ffering f mney lans fr repayment, ___________ (exist) since the Brnze Age.
【答案】has existed
【解析】根据时间状语since the Brnze Age判断谓语该使用现在完成时态,本句的主语采用同位语结构,正真主语为credit,故采用第三人称单数。
Lenders relied upn their subjective judgement when deciding __________ r nt a brrwed was creditwrthy.
【答案】whether
【解析】whether r nt意为“是否”,引导从句充当动词decide的宾语。
Make sure that it desn’t interfere with yur studies, and pay any tax as __________ (require) by law.
【答案】required
【解析】过去分词作状语,本语境中相当于状语从句as is required by law,意为“按照法律所要求...”
Here are sme tips fr sme cllege students ___________ (stay) aflat.
【答案】t stay
【解析】不定式短语作后置定语修饰名词 tips.
Always make payments n time, _________ yur credit scre will be affected.
【答案】r
【解析】根据句意“请准时付款,否则你的信任积分将受到影响”,并列连词r 意为“否则”,表示前后构成转折关系。
III. 语篇填空
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Gd Deal is a lcal mvement in sme cuntries, which wrks t help farmers and wrkers in less develped areas t receive ___1____ better deal fr their prduce. Gd Deal prducts may be a little mre expensive ____2___ regular prducts, but up t ne-third f the sale price will ___3___ ( give) back t the prducers. This is mre than ____4____ they culd get under the cnventinal trading system.
The mvement has prven ppular amng yung peple, and they want t help ___5___ (prducer) get the payment they deserve. They have n prblem ____6____ (spend) a bit mre n Gd Deal prducts, ____7____ (believe) that their purchasing f these prducts will help in imprving lcal ____8____(peple) welfare.
____9____, sme peple are less ptimistic, and argue that it discriminates ___10____ prducers n part f the Gd Deal mvement.
【答案】材料主要源于本课时教材内容,考点设置突出基础知识,重在能力应用。
IV 阅读理解:
A shcking 53.6 millin tns f electrnic waste were discarded (丢弃) last year, a new UN-backed reprt has revealed. The reprt shws that e-waste is up 21%frm five years ag. This isn't surprising, cnsidering hw many mre peple are adpting new technlgy and updating devices regularly t have the latest versins, but the reprt als shws that natinal cllectin and recycling strategies are nwhere clse t matching cnsumptin rates.
E-waste cntains materials including cpper (铜), irn, gld and silver, which the reprt gives a cnservative value f $ 57 billin. But mst are thrwn away r burned rather than being cllected fr recycling. Precius metals in waste are estimated t be wrth $ 14 billin, but nly $4 billin-wrth is recvered at the mment.
While the number f cuntries with natinal e-waste plicies has grwn frm 61 t 78 since 2014, there is little encuragement t bey and a mere 17% f cllected items are recycled. If recycling des ccur, it's ften under dangerus cnditins, such as burning circuit bards t recver cpper, which "releases highly pisnus metals" and harms the health f wrkers.
The reprt fund that Asia has the highest amunts f waste verall, prducing 24.9 millin metric tns (MMT), fllwed by Eurpe at 12 MMT, Africa at 2.9 MMT, and Oceania at 0.7 MMT.
But whse respnsibility is it? Are gvernments in charge f setting up cllectin and recycling pints, r shuld cmpanies be respnsible fr recycling the gds they prduce? It ges bth ways. Cmpanies d need t be held accuntable by gvernment regulatins and have incentives t design prducts that are easily repaired. At the same time, gvernments need t make it easy fr citizens t access cllectin pints and deal with their brken electrnics in a cnvenient way. Otherwise, they may turn t the easiest ptin-the landfill.
1. What can we learn frm the first paragraph?
A.What e-waste refers t. B.Where e-waste is cllected.
C.Why e-waste is increasing rapidly. D.Hw many kinds e-waste includes.
2. What d the statistics in paragraph 2 shw?
A.The functins f plicies. B.The great damage t envirnment.
C.The change f cnsumptin rates. D.The urgency f recvering e-waste.
3. What is the prblem with recycling e-waste at present?
A.It des harm t the wrkers' health. B.It lacks natinal plicy supprt.
C.It hardly makes prfits. D.It takes t much time.
4. Hw shuld the prblem be slved accrding t the passage?
A.New technlgy shuld be used t update ld devices.
B.Gvernments and cmpanies shuld take respnsibilities.
C.Nn-pisnus metals had better be used in e-device.
D.Citizens must play a key rle in recycling e-waste.
【答案】 1--4 CDAB
【解析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了电子垃圾的回收问题。
1. 考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“This isn't surprising, cnsidering hw many mre peple are adpting new technlgy and updating devices regularly t have the latest versins, but the reprt als shws that natinal cllectin and recycling strategies are nwhere clse t matching cnsumptin rates.”这并不奇怪,考虑到有多少人正在采用新技术和定期更新设备以获得最新版本,但报告还显示,国家收集和回收战略远远不能达到与消费率相匹配的水平。可知,越来越多的人使用电子产品,且电子产品的回收策略与消费速率不匹配,这就导致了电子垃圾的数量飞速增长。故选C。
2. 考查推理判断。根据第二段“E-waste cntains materials including cpper(铜), irn, gld and silver, which the reprt gives a cnservative value f $ 57 billin. But mst are thrwn away r burned rather than being cllected fr recycling. Precius metals in waste are estimated t be wrth $ 14 billin, but nly $4 billin-wrth is recvered at the mment.”电子垃圾含有铜、铁、金和银等物质,报告给出的保守价值为570亿美元。但是大多数都被扔掉或者烧掉了,而不是被收集起来再循环利用。废物中的贵金属估计价值140亿美元,但目前只回收了价值40亿美元的贵金属。通过数字对比可知,目前电子垃圾中有用材料的回收利用率还很低,浪费严重。所以第2段的统计数字显示了回收电子垃圾的紧迫性,故选D。
3. 考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“ If recycling des ccur, it's ften under dangerus cnditins, such as burning circuit bards t recver cpper, which "releases highly pisnus metals" and harms the health f wrkers.”如果循环利用真的发生了,这个过程通常是在危险的条件下进行的,比如燃烧电路板回收铜,这会释放出剧毒金属,危害工人的健康。可知,在电子产品的回收过程中会产生有害物质危害工人的健康。选项A与文意一致,故选A。
4. 考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Are gvernments in charge f setting up cllectin and recycling pints, r shuld cmpanies be respnsible fr recycling the gds they prduce? It ges bth ways.”是政府负责设立回收点,还是公司负责回收他们生产的产品?两种方法都要用。可知,政府和公司都应该承担责任,故选B。
V 七选五
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
In the age f the keybard, sme peple seem t think handwriting lessns are n the way ut.
Steve Graham, a literacy prfessr at Vanderbilt University in Nashville, Tennessee, has been hearing abut the death f handwriting fr the past fifteen years. 1 . He said, "If the results f a survey we have published this year are accurate, it is being taught by abut ninety percent f teachers in grades ne t three."
Ninety percent f teachers als say they are required t teach handwriting. 2 .
Prfessr Graham says ne study published this year fund that abut three ut f every fur teachers say they are nt prepared t teach handwriting. 3 . Others teach it fr sixty t seventy minutes a day.
Many adults remember learning that way--by cpying letters ver and ver again. 4 Many experts als think handwriting shuld nt be taught nly with itself.Instead, they say it shuld be used as a way t get students t express ideas. 5 .
Teachers cmmnly reprt that abut a quarter f their students have pr handwriting.Sme peple might think handwriting is nt imprtant anymre because f cmputers and vice recgnitin(识别) prgrams.
A. After all, that is why we write.
B. Nwadays teachers pay mre and mre attentin t their students’ writing.
C. S is it still being taught?
D. But wh cares if peple knw hw t write well?
E. But studies have yet t answer the questin f hw well they are teaching it.
F. Tday’s thinking is that shrt perids f practices are better.
G. He says sme teachers teach handwriting fr ten t fifteen minutes a day.
【答案】1--5 CEGFA
【解析】本文主要介绍了在电脑键盘时代,学校教授书法的现状研究。
1. C 根据下文中的"it is being taught by abut ninety percent f teachers in grades ne t three"可知,空处应表示对是否要教学生书法的疑问,故C项符合语境。
2. E 根据上文中的"If the results f a survey we have published this year are accurate, it is being taught by abut ninety percent f teachers in grades ne t three."及空前一句可知,此处表示对研究结果的进一步分析,故E项符合语境。
3. G 根据下文中的"Others teach it fr sixty t seventy minutes a day."可知,此处表示其他老师教授书法的时间,所以G项符合语境。
4. F 空处与上文的"Many adults remember learning that way --by cpying letters ver and ver again."形成对比,并与下文的"Many experts als think handwriting shuld nt be taught nly with itself."呼应,此处讲述的是学书法的方法的今昔差异,故F项符合语境。
5. A 根据语境可知,空处承接上文的"Instead, they say it shuld be used as a way t get students t express ideas.",此处表示表达想法正是我们练习书法的原因,所以A项符合语境。
1 a
2 than
3 be given
4 what
5 prducers
6 spending
7 believing
8 peple’s
9 Hwever
10 against
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