2025届江苏省淮安高三上学期一模英语试卷及讲评及知识清单

这是一份2025届江苏省淮安高三上学期一模英语试卷及讲评及知识清单，共11页。试卷主要包含了未知等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、未知
Fur Science Research Cmpetitins fr High Schlers
Participating in a science research cmpetitin as a high schler can allw yu t explre ne f yur passins, making yu a mre cmpetitive candidate during the cllege admissins prcess. Here are fur science research cmpetitins designed fr high schlers. Breakthrugh Junir Challenge
The Breakthrugh Junir Challenge tasks students with creating a shrt tw-minute vide in which they explain a cmplex scientific cncept and demnstrate hw it wrks in practice.
Awards include a $250, 000 cllege schlarship, and a $50, 000 award t a teacher f the winner's chsing. Eye n the Future Teen Vide Cntest
Participants are tasked with creating a vide between 30 secnds and three minutes lng, either n their wn r in teams f up t three members.
Winners receive a paid trip t the Natinal Institute f Health in Bethesda, Maryland. Regenern Internatinal Science and Engineering Fair
This cmpetitin is the wrld's largest internatinal pre-cllege STEM cmpetitin. Students shwcase independent research and cmpete acrss 22 categries fr awards ranging frm $500 t $75, 000.
This is nt a grup-based cmpetitin—individual students sigh up fr lcal schl science fairs befre advancing t upper-level cmpetitins. American Academy f Neurlgy Neurscience Research Prize
This cmpetitin challenges students t investigate prblems regarding the brain r nervus system. It is nly pen t individual students—grup prjects are excluded.
Winners receive a mnetary prize and the chance t present their prjects at the AAN Annual Meeting.
1．What is the aim f the cmpetitins?
A．T fuel the passin fr scientific research.B．T ensure admissin t the dream cllege.
C．T train t be a candidate fr ideal clleges.D．T select utstanding talents frm high schl.
2．What d the first tw cmpetitins have in cmmn?
A．Winners will receive a paid trip.B．Creatin f a vide is a must.
C．The participants need t pull tgether.D．The winner's teacher is als presented an award.
3．Which cmpetitin might enable participants t becme a dctr?
A．Breakthrugh Junir Challenge
B．Eye n the Future Teen Vide Cntest
C．Regenern Internatinal Science and Engineering Fair
D．American Academy f Neurlgy Neurscience Research Prize
Heman Bekele has been named TIME's Kid f the Year fr 2024. The 15-year-ld has cme up with an idea fr a sap that culd help treat skin cancer, and he is already wrking with scientists t test his idea.
Heman's family came t the US frm Ethipia when he was fur. Heman remembers seeing peple there wrking utside in the sun withut prtecting their skin. Frm his parents, he learned abut the dangers f cancer, and hw imprtant it is fr peple t prtect their skin frm the sun. Skin cancer can ften be cured, but the treatment is extremely expensive.
Heman was always curius, and experimented as a yungster by mixing different liquids tgether. When he was mre than 7 years ld, he read abut a medicine called “imiquimd” that can help fight skin cancer. Heman thught that a gd way t deliver the medicine might be thrugh a simple bar f sap. Then he thught abut creating a sap that cntained the medicine inside super tiny “nanparticles”. These culd stick t the skin and deliver the imiquimd after the sap had washed ff.
Last year, when he was 14, Heman created a vide explaining his idea, and used it t enter the 3M Yung Scientist Challenge. He wund up winning the cntest, which came with a $25, 000 prize. Perhaps mre imprtantly, the 3M Yung Scientist Challenge pairs students with lder, mre experienced “mentr” scientists wh can guide them. Heman is nw wrking with Vit Rebecca, a scientist at Jhns Hpkins University. He and Dr. Rebecca are running tests t see if the sap helps the mice with skin cancer.
Heman knws that it will take a lng time and a lt f effrt t develp his sap. He needs t test it cmpletely and get it apprved. He encurages ther yung peple t think f ways they can cntribute. “Just keep inventing, ” Heman says. “Keep thinking f new ways t imprve ur wrld and keep making it a better place. ”
4．What led t Heman's idea fr a sap?
A．The pursuit f cmprehensive medical knwledge.
B．The pity fr the endangered skin cancer patients.
C．The wrds and deeds frm his caring and lving parents.
D．The scene f peple wrking utside withut skin prtectin.
5．What can we learn abut Heman frm paragraph 3?
A．He was brainy and valued hands-n experience.
B．He was full f energy and liked ding experiments.
C．He was curageus and chse t test new drugs.
D．He was in pr health and tk medicine regularly.
6．What des paragraph 4 mainly talk abut?
A．The effrt Heman made.B．The challenges Heman faced.
C．The benefits Heman's vide brught t him.D．The guidance Heman gt frm sme scientists.
7．What can we infer frm the last paragraph?
A．The sap will sn cme nt the market.B．The sap leaves smething t be desired.
C．Tday's yung peple are lacking in creativity.D．It's yung peple's duty t imprve ur wrld.
Fr years, scientists have believed that the nly way xygen culd be created in the cean was thrugh phtsynthesis. Huge amunts f xygen get prduced in the sunlight f the upper cean, but scientists expected that n the dark cean bttm, xygen levels wuld drp as animals used the water's xygen fr energy.
But in 2013, Andrew Sweetman, a scientist wh studies the cean flr, began t ntice smething strange. When he measured the xygen in the water abve the cean flr, he fund that the levels f xygen were rising. That didn't make sense. There's n light n the cean flr, s phtsynthesis can't happen there. Dr. Sweetman thught his equipment wasn't wrking. But he was wrng. In 2021, he used a different methd t measure the xygen levels. The new measurements als shwed xygen levels rising. That's when he realized smething unusual was ging n. Smehw, xygen was being created n the dark cean flr.
Many cmpanies are interested in mining the sea bttm, where there are many small rck-like bjects called “plymetallic ndules (多金属结核) ”. These ndules may be respnsible fr creating the “dark xygen”. T learn mre abut hw the xygen was being created, Dr. Sweetman cllected samples f the ndules and tk them back t the labratry t study.
At first, they thught that tiny living things called micrbes (微生物) might be creating xygen. Then they thught that the ndules might be releasing xygen smehw. But neither idea was right. Finally, Dr. Sweetman began t wnder if the ndules were smehw acting like batteries, and prducing electricity. The idea made sense. Wrking with scientists at Nrthwestern University, Dr. Sweetman discvered that the ndules prduce a small amunt f electricity. When the ndules are clse tgether, they create enugh electricity t prduce xygen.
The discvery raises mre cncerns abut deep-sea mining. These ndules are exactly what many mining cmpanies are hping t cllect. Dr. Sweetman wrries that deep-sea mining culd destry the ndules, which is imprtant t the way the deep sea wrks.
8．What d the underlined wrds “thrugh phtsynthesis” in paragraph 1 mean?
A．By using sunlight t create xygen.B．By decmpsing water int xygen.
C．By using the flw f cean currents.D．By reflecting sunlight f the upper cean.
9．What d we knw abut plymetallic ndules?
A．They are in charge f creating xygen.B．They are respnsible fr releasing xygen.
C．They are batteries generating electricity.D．They are related t electricity prductin.
10．What des the authr imply in the last paragraph?
A．The ndules are invaluable and unending.B．We shuld be cautius abut seabed mining.
C．The new discvery means ruining the ndules.D．We are ignrant f the way the deep sea wrks.
11．Which wuld be the best title fr the text?
A．The cean flr hlds secret fr us t explre
B．Life must have begun frm deep underwater
C．Scientists find “dark xygen” n the sea flr
D．Cmpanies shuld think twice befre starting mining
The belief that failure leads t success may be bth inaccurate and damaging t sciety, accrding t research published by the American Psychlgical Assciatin.
Researchers cnducted 11 experiments with mre than 1, 800 participants acrss many dmains and cmpared natinal statistics t the participants’ respnses. In ne experiment, participants vastly verestimated the percentage f ptential nurses, lawyers and teachers wh pass licensing exams after previusly failing them. “Peple expect success t fllw failure much mre ften than it actually des, ” said lead researcher Lauren Winkler, PhD, an assistant prfessr f management and rganizatins at Nrthwestern University. “Peple usually assume that past behavir predicts future behavir, s it's surprising that we ften believe the ppsite when it cmes t succeeding after failure. ”
In sme experiments, participants wrngly assumed that peple pay attentin t their mistakes and learn frm them. In ne field test, nurses verestimated hw much their clleagues wuld learn frm a past errr. The research was published nline in the Jurnal f Experimental Psychlgy: General. “Peple ften cnfuse what is with what ught t be, ” Winkler said. “Peple ught t pay attentin and learn frm failure, but ften they dn't as failure makes them sad. ”
While telling peple they will succeed after failure may make them feel better, that mindset can have damaging real-wrld cnsequences. In ne experiment, participants assumed that heart patients wuld embrace healthier lifestyles when many f them dn't. “Sme peple believe that prblems will self-crrect after failure, s they are less mtivated t help thse in need, ” Winkler said. “Why wuld we invest time r mney t help struggling ppulatins if we believe that they will right themselves? ”
Winkler suggested that crrecting ur misguided beliefs abut failure culd lead t mre public mney being spent mre wisely when it cmes t helping thse in need.
12．What did participants usually verestimate accrding t paragraph 2?
A．Functins f future behavir.B．Accuracy f their assumptins.
C．Success rates after failures.D．Ptential utcmes f sme careers.
13．Peple dn't tend t learn frm failure as ________.
A．failure is discuragingB．failure is unavidable
C．failure is wrthlessD．failure is misleading
14．What is sme peple's attitude twards helping thse in need in paragraph 4?
A．Supprtive.B．Unfavrable.C．Neutral.D．Indifferent.
15．Why is the research cnducted?
A．T challenge a widely-held belief.B．T clarify a little-knwn cncept.
C．T crrect attitudes twards success.D．T emphasize the secret t success.
What t D When Yu Have N Mtivatin
When yu have n mtivatin t cmplete a task r even start ne, first cnsider the pssible reasns why yu're struggling. 16 Nt every strategy wrks fr everyne—r in every situatin. Perfrm sme behaviral experiments t see which strategies best help yu reach yur gals.
17 When yu think yu're ging t fail, argue all the reasns why yu might succeed. Or when yu think yu can't finish a jb, list all the evidence that shws yu'll be able t cmplete the task. There's a chance that things might wrk ut better than yu expect. And yu might find that develping a mre balanced utlk will help yu feel mre mtivated t try.
Use the 10-minute rule. The 10-minute rule can help yu get started. Give yurself permissin t quit a task after 10 minutes. When yu reach the 10-minute mark, ask yurself if yu want t keep ging r quit. Yu'll likely find that yu have enugh mtivatin t keep ging. Getting started n a task is usually the hardest part. 18
Seek prfessinal help. If yur mtivatin remains lw fr tw r mre weeks, seek prfessinal help. 19 Yur dctr may want t rule ut physical health cnditins that may be affecting yur energy r md. Yur dctr may als refer yu t a mental health prfessinal t determine if yur lack f mtivatin might be related t a mental illness, like depressin.
Everyne struggles with mtivatin issues at ne time r anther. 20 Experiment with strategies that increase yur mtivatin, and ask fr help if yu need it.
A．Argue the ppsite.
B．Act as if yu feel mtivated.
C．Fr example, schedule an appintment with yur physician.
D．If yu're unwilling t g t schl, stay at hme fr sme time.
E．Then, develp a plan t help mtivate yurself t get ging.
F．Once yu get ging, hwever, it's much easier t keep ging.
G．The way yu respnd t yur lack f mtivatin is what matters.
In 2013, Janet's sister, Susan, was diagnsed with terminal pancreatic (胰腺) cancer. A year later, Susan was admitted t a hspital in Brnxville, New Yrk. She had hped t her daughter Ruth's high schl graduatin, but as her cnditin , that hpe disappeared gradually. Janet recalled, “We realized that my sister was prbably nt ging t make it t her graduatin. ”
, the hspital staff and sme friends came up with a special plan: they wuld recreate the graduatin ceremny in the . A week befre the ceremny, dzens f peple in Susan's hspital rm, including family members and Ruth's principal, teachers and fellw students. Ruth wre her cap and gwn and was with her diplma. They then mved t a rm next dr where the staff had prepared snacks and drinks fr a small .
“Just as it wuld be fr the graduatin, ” Janet remembered. “My sister was , and s were the rest f us. ” Althugh Susan passed away a few days later n June 9, 2014, she was able t watch her daughter graduate and her jy f heading t her dream cllege.
the experience, Janet is still struck by the f the wrkers wh cared fr her sister. Ruth later graduated frm Skidmre Cllege in New Yrk and is nw wrking as an emergency medical technician. “I'm frever . They went abve and beynd t make my mther feel special n her big day, ” she said, hping t inspire ther healthcare prviders t make a (n) effrt as well.
21．A．planB．cmpleteC．attendD．annunce
22．A．wrsenedB．changedC．imprvedD．prgressed
23．A．In additinB．In turnC．In generalD．In respnse
24．A．wardB．parkC．churchD．classrm
25．A．privateB．simpleC．actualD．distant
26．A．partedB．gatheredC．arrivedD．wandered
27．A．equippedB．presentedC．recgnizedD．rewarded
28．A．mtivatinB．intrductinC．relaxatinD．receptin
29．A．typicalB．infrmalC．similarD．small
30．A．amusedB．wrriedC．excitedD．relaxed
31．A．imagineB．experienceC．cnveyD．win
32．A．Fcusing nB．Insisting nC．Cmmenting nD．Reflecting n
33．A．thughtfulnessB．mindfulnessC．jyfulnessD．playfulness
34．A．surprisedB．hpefulC．fascinatedD．grateful
35．A．hardB．extraC．cnstantD．cmmn
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Water-Splashing Festival in Suthwest China's Yunnan Prvince, 36 traditinal celebratin, has gained widespread attentin after vides f participants jyfully splashing water at each ther went viral n scial media.
Lasting fr three r fur days, the Water-Splashing Festival 37 (hld) during the sixth mnth f the Dai calendar, and it usually falls in mid-April f the Gregrian calendar. The Water-Splashing Festival, 38 is als knwn as the Festival fr Bathing the Buddha, is a festival t send ff the ld and greet the new. It is ne f the first events 39 (becme) a natinal intangible cultural heritage in China.
It is generally divided int “civil splashing” and “martial splashing, ” with the frmer using branches dipped in water fr mre cntrlled splashing, while the latter invlves unlimited splashing, bringing laughter and jy t everyne. Peple use 40 (vary) cntainers t hld water, flding the streets and alleys, chasing and playing with each ther, splashing water at anyne they meet.
41 night falling, the sund f drums and music fills the villages, and peple enjy themselves singing and dancing. Thrughut the festival, in additin t traditinal entertainment 42 (activity) such as dragn bat races, releasing sky lanterns, water splashing, and thrwing bags, there are als new nes such as releasing ballns and park carnivals.
During this festival, peple express their 43 (gd) wishes and jy thrugh water splashing and interactive games, enhancing friendship and understanding. The 44 (integrate) f this traditinal festival with turism is wrth 45 (prmte) t further advance the develpment f cultural turism.
46．假定你是李华，上周末你们班到阳光生态农场开展研学活动，请你给校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：
1. 活动目的；
2. 活动过程；
3. 你的感想。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A Study Tur t the Sunshine Ec-Farm
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47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Christmas time at the bkstre was always busy. It was exciting but tiring, unfrtunately rbbing me f the jy f the seasn. The custmers we fund mst challenging were thse buying fr thers—frustrated and unsure, ften leading t sharp cmments during this busy time.
One year, I encuntered a man in the kids' sectin wh seemed cmpletely at a lss. He lked abut thirty-five, hlding a piece f paper and a small bag frm anther stre, which cntained just candy. Tired and panicked, he appeared t have barely begun his shpping just days befre Christmas.
I apprached him, asking if I culd help. When he turned t me, he lked like he was n the edge f tears. He didn't reply, just stared, s I gently tuched his shulder. “Are yu kay? ” I asked.
“Srry, ” he said, taking a deep breath. “I need presents fr my nieces, my nephew, my brther-in-law, and my parents. ” He paused, struggling t cntinue. “I dn't knw what they like, but they all like t read. I just want t make sure there's smething t pen. ”
He turned back t the shelves. I culd tell he wasn't seeing anything. I wanted t give him a hand and asked him hw ld his nieces and nephew were. He handed me the list: twin nieces aged eight and a six-year-ld nephew. As I asked abut their interests, I nticed his bdy shaking. “My sister just died, ” he said, struggling t hld it tgether. “Cancer. She always did Christmas, yu knw? ”
At that mment, I realized that nt nly did he need gifts, he needed supprt as well. I have always kept a gift card at Christmas. Smetimes, a staff member really needed a few secnds t calm dwn after a really bad mment with a difficult custmer. A cup f cffee upstairs wuld d the trick.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I gave him the gift card and asked him t enjy a cup f cffee there by himself.
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When he saw thse bks, he was mved t tears.
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