外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 2 Improving yourself教学ppt课件

这是一份外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 2 Improving yourself教学ppt课件，共50页。PPT课件主要包含了switch，switch 短语，motivate，拓展词汇 ，mot词根，occupy，occupy词源解读，occupy vt，access，access to等内容，欢迎下载使用。

开灯、关灯你会表达吗？
开灯 __________________ the light
关灯 __________________ the light
turn n / switch n
turn ff / switch ff
开电视 __________________ the TV关电视 __________________ the TV
turn n / switch n
turn ff / switch ff
词汇科普：早期的电器的开关钮其实是旋转开关 ,多用turn,而现在旋转的已经不多，多用平面开关，多用switch。
switch ■ n [C] 开关；电闸：turn n / ff the light switch  骤变；突变
■ vt & vi 改变；转变 t change frm ne thing t anther：He switched the cnversatin frm ne subject t anther. We’d take the train int the city center, then switch t the tram.
强调“变”，重在change，常和frm，t 搭配
 交换；调换 t exchange ne thing fr anther：We asked them if they wuld switch places with us.
掌握精准的汉语释义可以减少英语学习中的困扰
强调“换”，重在exchange，常和with搭配
switch n 打开（电灯、电视等）(turn n)：I hear that sng whenever I switch n the radi.switch ver 改变；转换：We’ve switched ver t telephne banking.
switch ff 关上（电灯、电视等）(turn ff) ；[非正式用语] 不听；不理睬：Please switch ff the TV when yu g t bed. Thankfully, I’ve learned t switch ff and let it ver my head.
同义异构：turn ff
同义异构：turn n
switch语义网络图
开关switch (基本义)
由开到关，由关到开，状态瞬间发生彻底改变
同义异构：encurage / inspire
mtivate词源解读
mtivate由mtive（动机）+ -ate（使）→ 使有动机，即基本义为“激励”
mtivate vt 使有动力；激发；激励：Researchers have identified several factrs that mtivate peple t get invlved in vluntary wrk. 2015 江苏改While sme peple are mtivated by a need fr success, thers are mtivated by a fear f failure. 2016 江苏► mtivated adj 积极的；主动的：After every run I feel fitter, happier and mre mtivated t keep prgressing. 2011 湖南改
同义异构：encuraged / inspired
mtivatin➊ [U] 积极性；动力 the enthusiasm fr ding sth：These methds can help imprve / increase students’ mtivatin and interest. ➋ [C] 动机；诱因 the need r reasn fr ding sth：Escape can be a strng mtivatin fr travel.
释义的重点是enthusiasm， 为不可数名词，“做事情的兴趣或热情”，即“积极性”
释义的重点是reasn，是可数名词，“做事情的缘由”，即“动机”
B. 根据所给词根和词缀的提示，写出下列句子中画线单词的汉语释义。1. She’s gt sme funny ideas abut hw t mtivate students t study hard. _________2. All ur prjects aim t prmte the develpment f pr and remte cmmunities.（2019 北京） _________ _________
“ccupied”是不能进入，表示“被占用”。 “vacant”表示空的，未被占用的。所以看到“vacant”表示这个地方没有被占用，可以随意进出。
在国外的厕所门外，你有可能会碰到一个特别有趣的词叫做ccupied，不懂的话可能就会闹出笑话啦。
要认识ccupied，首先要认识ccupy。其实，这里ccupy是占用的意思，那ccupied就表示卫生间被占用了，也就是说，现在这个厕所是有人在使用，你无法进去。所以在国外上厕所，看到“ccupied”可千万别进去，太尴尬了！
ccupy词源义：“占有（空间或时间）”，基本义是“占用”。
 占领；占据：During the war, Germany ccupied many cuntries, including France.  占用 / 占去（时间、空间）(take up)：His speech ccupied nly three minutes. The bed seemed t ccupy mst f the rm.  使忙碌：His wrk ccupies him fr the whle day.
 [U] 占领；居住：a cuntry under ccupatin the wildlife in ccupatin f the island  [C] 工作；职业：What d yu imagine will be yur future ccupatin?
ccupied adj
（地方）被占领的；被侵占的 反 unccupied [不用于名词前] 被占用的；有人使用的：Srry, this seat is ccupied.  [不用于名词前] 忙于……的：Yu can imagine hw fully ccupied I became, raising fur bys under the age f 8! 2011 天津be ccupied with (ding) sth / (in) ding sth:I have been s ccupied with wrk that I haven’t had time fr scial activities. He’s fully ccupied lking after three small children.
物“占用”面积、空间等
占用 / 占去 （时间、空间）
（地方）被占领的；被侵占的
1. 您能告诉我去地铁站怎么走吗？Culd yu tell me the way t the subway statin? 2. 咱们在超市入口见吧。Let’s meet at the entrance t the supermarket.
1. The father nly _______________________________（能见 / 让见）his sn at weekends.
have pr / n access t
refused access t
has access t / is allwed access t
access 翻译很灵活，其含义中包含了某种动作
2. Mdern vehicles ______________________（去……提供方面）ther places.3. Peple living in the muntain areas ______________________（很难用上 / 用不上）health care services. 4. The jurnalist was ______________________（不让见）the White Huse / the President.
prvide easy access t
 使用 / 接近……的权利或机会 the pprtunity r right t use sth r t see sb / sth：Each rm cmes with its wn bathrm and Internet access. Acrss the wrld, 1.1 billin peple have n access t clean drinking water.This site gives yu instant access t a wide range finfrmatin n studying and living in the UK. 2008 广东One reasn fr her preference fr city life is that she can have easy access t places like shps and restaurants. 2010 上海
 通道；入口 a way f reaching r entering a place：wheelchair access 2020 全国Fallen rcks cut ff the nly access t the village.The plice gained access thrugh a brken windw.
access n [U]
注: access ≠ way，access作为名词，其含义中包含了某种动作。
 [正式用语] 到达；进入；使用：The rad is clsed but can be accessed by emergency vehicles. 访问；获取（计算机数据）：access the Internet We need a better way t access infrmatin. 2015 安徽
accessible adj 易进入的；易得到的；易使用的：Each flr has wheelchair accessible tilets. 2014 北京 易懂的：This magazine makes cmplex ideas attractive and accessible t children. 2017 北京改（人）易接近的；平易近人的
翻译句子1.万物靠太阳生长。____________________________________________2. 与其求人,不如求己。____________________________________________
All living things depend n / upn the sun fr their grwth.
It wuld be better t depend n urselves than n thers.
rely n / upn
rely virely n / upn 依靠 t depend n sb / sth：Yu shuldn’t always rely just n the Internet fr yur research. 2015 湖南rely n / upn … t d sth:These days, we rely heavily n cmputers t rganize ur wrk.  信任 t trust r have faith in sb / sth：rely n / upn … t d sth:I can rely n David t keep my secret.
特蕾莎修女（嬷嬷）（Mther Teresa f Calcutta，1910－1997），是世界著名的天主教慈善工作者，因其一生致力于消除贫困，于1979年获得诺贝尔和平奖（the Nbel Peace Prize）。她在接受诺贝尔和平奖时说道：“你能为促进世界和平做些什么呢? 回家爱你的家人吧。”
prmte vt 促进；推动 t help sth t happen r develp (encurage)：prmte internatinal cperatin All ur prjects aim t prmte the develpment f pr and remte cmmunities. 2019 北京 We must prmte riginality, inspire creativity and encurage innvatin. Gd listening can shw respect, prmte understanding,and imprve interpersnal relatinship. 2008 江苏书面表达改
prmte = pr- (frward 向前) + -mt- (mve 移动) + -e。词源义是“向前移动，向前发展”。
前缀为pr-的词: prgress
词根mt的同根词: mtivate
 [常用于被动语态] 晋升：He has been prmted t general manager. While waiting fr the pprtunity t get prmted, Henry did his best t perfrm his duty. 2014 安徽 促销；推广：What is the advertisement prmting?
prmtin n [C] & [U] 晋升；促销；[U] 促进：get a prmtin
向前发展prmte（基本义）
这里的item指的是“新闻”“报道”的意思，平时我们在阅读英语原版文章的时候，这两个国外的网站，也可以供我们选择！读书破万卷，下笔如有神！原版的文章读的多了，自然写出的文章也会非常的地道！
item R3 n [C]（表格、目录、数据等的）项目；细目：We have many items t discuss in ur meeting tday. 一件商品 / 物品：Can I pay fr each item separately?  一条 / 一则（新闻）：What is the first news item mainly abut?
finance 由 finis（结束）+ -ance（表示名词：性质，状况）构成。指终结债务、解决争端，引申词义“资金” “金融”。
finance R1■ n [U] 财政；金融 the management f mney：the Minister f Financepersnal finance I think it’s a gd idea t study finance nwadays. 资金；［复数］财务状况：raise finance frgvernment / persnal finances■ vt 提供资金给；为……筹措资金 (fund)：Wh finances this rganizatin?
financial R3 adj 财政的；金融的：financial transactins / assistance / advisersglbal financial crisisfinancial assistance Hng Kng is an internatinal financial centre. ► financially adv 财政上；金融上
在漫威电影中，钢铁侠是非常厉害的核心人物。而钢铁侠之所以是钢铁侠，是因为他的装备以及制造装备的能力。那么在英语中装备就是equipment，它的动词形式就是我们今天要学习的重点单词equip。
equip vt 装备；配备 t supply sb / sth with what is needed (fr a particular purpse)：a prly / well equipped hspital They cannt affrd t equip their army prperly.
equip sb / sth with sth:The bys equipped themselves with fd, tents and sleeping bags fr their jurney. The flrs f all campus buildings are equipped with fire alarm systems. 2018 天津改 Equipped with new scientific farming methds, they have been able t use less farmland t prduce mre.
（体力、智力上）使有准备；使有资格 t prepare sb fr an activity r task by giving them the infrmatin and skills： ① equip sb with sth:We equip students with the skills they will need nce they leave cllege. ② equip sb fr sth:A gd educatin shuld equip yu fr life. ③ equip sb t d sth:Sme lessns shuld help equip children t deal with the grwing demands f scial media. 2018 江苏改
【词汇拓展】equipment n [U] 装备；设备；器械；装置：There are a lt f pieces f equipment in the gym.
equip的两层释义间是由具象的“装备”衍生到抽象的“装备”，这种抽象的释义本质上是一种比喻义，这种词义演变方式叫作隐喻(metaphr)。隐喻是以“相似”(likeness)和“联想”(assciatin)为基础的，任何两个事物只要存在着外在的、内在的、空间的相似性(similarity)，都能够产生隐喻性语义。例如：由于梳齿的形状像牙齿，所以通过联想可以用teeth这个词来指梳子的齿：the teeth f a cmb(梳齿)。 另外，隐喻是词义产生的一种重要的途径。建立隐喻概念有助于培养学生的英语思维，也是学习英语词汇的必要工具之一。
necessity R2 n [U] 必要（性）；需要：We were discussing the necessity f emplying mre staff. We tk the cuntry rad ut f necessity. 2013 天津 [C] 必需品；必要之物：Fr many Americans the autmbile is a necessity.
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1. The film is mre f ___________ fantasy than a hrrr（恐怖）stry.2. Life is nt a prblem t be slved, but ___________ reality t be experienced.3. Air-cnditining is ___________ abslute necessity in this climate.5. One f my unfrgettable ___________ (memry) f my schl in Xinjiang is that f lunches we brught frm ur hmes.（2011 全国）
不可数的抽象名词可用来表示可数的人或物，即“抽象名词具体化”。此时，名词的数和词义都发生变化。表示抽象的概念时，前面不用不定冠词；表示具体的一个人或一件事时，前面通常用不定冠词。
写出下列句子中画线词的汉语释义。1. Is there an irn available? I want t irn my shirts. ___________2. Dad is hammering a metal with a hammer. ___________3. I messaged Peter n WeChat yesterday, but I haven’t received his message yet. ___________4. I bught sme nails and planned t nail the sign saying “N Littering” t a tree. ___________5. Teachers chart each student’s prgress thrugh the year in a chart. ___________6. Wait! The medicine bttle is labelled “Cautin”. Please read the instructins n the label. ___________
给……发送（电子）信息
英语中有一类表示工具的名词可转化为动词，常表示具有该名词的活动特点或性质特征的动作。
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1. She culd switch easily frm French t English. ________ 2. Accrding t the air traffic rules, yu shuld switch ff yur mbile phne befre barding. ________ 3. The switch in the bathrm is brken and we need a new ne fr the light. ________ 4. This kind f bat cmes with electric pump. And all yu have t d is just switch it n. ________ 5. Tm said he wuld switch with me n Saturday. ________ 6. Can I switch ver t the mvie channel? ________
一、在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。1. Rle identity as a vlunteer is mst likely t mtivate vlunteers ____________ (cntinue) their wrk.（2015 江苏改）2.  I became ne f the tp students in my class, which greatly increased my cnfidence and gt me ____________ (mtivate).（2012 湖北）3. The mvies tuched yu because their creatins were ____________ (mtivate) by inspiratin, nt desperatin.（2011 天津改）4. I discver that having strng ____________ (mtivate) is ne f the biggest factrs in reaching gals.（2015 湖南改）
mtivate & mtivated & mtivatin
二、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1. Everything she des is mtivated nly by a desire fr mney. ________________2. A gd teacher is ne wh can mtivate his students. ________________3. Jack is an intelligent pupil, but he lacks mtivatin. ________________4. Her mtivatin fr writing was a desire fr wmen t get the right t higher educatin.（2014 湖北改）________________5. In my pinin, Li Hua is a highly mtivated yung man with well-defined（明确的）gals. ________________
根据所给汉语及提示，用适当的词块完成下列句子。1. Later I went t a café t have lunch, but ___________________________（没有空桌子）.（2014 安徽）2. ___________________________________（她这会儿工作很忙）; she cannt speak t yu. 3. Family phts ____________________________（差不多占了整个 墙面）.4. Prblems at wrk cntinued t _________________________（占据 他的脑海）fr sme time.5. The zne _________________________（被占领的）cntained majr industrial areas. (ccupatin)
all the tables were ccupied
She’s ccupied with wrk at the mment
ccupied almst the entire wall
ccupy his mind
under ccupatin
It was really annying; I culdn’t ________________________（使用语料库）yu had recmmended. (access n)（2016 天津改）2. The village __________________________（很容易去）by public transprt. (access v / accessible)3. Never blck ___________________________（任何紧急出口的通道）. (emergency 紧急情况)（2012 北京改）
get / gain / have access t the data bank
is easily accessed / accessible
access t any emergency exits
根据所给汉语及提示，用适当的词块完成下列句子。
一、根据所给汉语及提示，用适当的词块完成下列句子。1. If ur parents d everything fr us children, we wn’t learn t _______________________（依靠）urselves. （2010 上海）2. He had prved that he culd be _______________________（信赖）in a crisis.二、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1. I think I am the very persn yu can rely ________.（2013 浙江）2. Parents relied n us ________ (d) ur best. We mustn’t let them dwn.
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1. All ur prjects aim t prmte the develpment f pr and remte cmmunities.（2019 北京） ______________2. While waiting fr the chance t get prmted, Henry did his best t d his duty.（2014 安徽改） ______________3. In the Middle Ages, merchants emplyed “twn criers”（街头公告员）t read public messages alud t prmte their gds.（2011全国） ______________二、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1. She wrked hard and was sn ___________ (prmte). 2. The new jb is ___________ prmtin fr him.3. Her prmtin ___________ Sales Manager tk everyne by surprise.
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1. The item f the cntract（合同）still stands nw. __________2. Are there any interesting news items in the paper this mrning? __________3. The plice examined several items f clthing. __________ 4. This is the next item n the agenda（日程）. __________5. The shp-windw was filled with hundreds f items. __________
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1. He is a well-knwn expert in finance.__________2. Unless we can get mre finance, we'll have t clse the stre.__________3. The repairs t the schl will be financed by the educatinal department. __________二、在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。1. This cmpany was in serius ___________ (finance) difficulties. 2. He was freed frm ___________ (finance) dependence n his parents.3. Nw yur cmpany will end up ___________ (financial) in the red.
financially
一、写出下列句子中画线词的汉语释义。___________ 1. They spent a lt f mney equipping the schl with new cmputers. ___________ 2. It is ften said that human beings are naturally equipped t speak.（2009 全国）二、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1. The machine is ___________ (equip) with security cameras and alarms. （2014 上海）2. As far as I am cncerned, educatin is abut learning and the mre yu learn, the mre equipped _________ life yu are.