河北省保定市曲阳县2024-2025学年八年级上学期11月期中考试英语试卷(含答案)

这是一份河北省保定市曲阳县2024-2025学年八年级上学期11月期中考试英语试卷(含答案)，共16页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，补全对话，情景问答，完形填空，短文填空题，写作题等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、阅读理解
Lily is a cllege student. It's her first time t Bading, s her friend Jenny gives her a map f the city. She is at the bus stp nw.
1．Wh is Jenny?
A. Lily's mther.B. Lily's classmate.
C. Lily's friend.D. Lily's teacher.
2．Hw can Lily get t the cllege(大学)frm the bus stp?
A. Take the first turning n the right. Then take the next turning n the left and walk alng the street.
B. Walk alng the street and turn left at the secnd crssing, then walk alng the street.
C. Tum right at the first turning. Then turn left at the next turning and walk alng the street.
D. Walk alng the street and take the secnd crssing n the left.
3．What can yu learn frm the map?
A. The restaurant is acrss frm the cinema.
B. There is a hspital near the cllege.
C. There is nt a park near the huse.
D. The shp is next t the bank.
It's September 1st, and we're back t schl. It's gd t see all my teachers and classmates again. They all lk happy.
We are in Grade Eight this year. We are ging t have sme new subjects. My name is Wu Ming. Wei Fang and I are in the same class. I'm nt very gd at Chinese, but Wei Fang says she's ging t help me. I think I can d better than last year.
I like English very much. This year I'm ging t d mre speaking. Zhang Hng als likes English. But he is nt gd at it. He needs sme help. I'm ging t help him.
This term I'm ging t d blackbard newspapers. I like drawing very much. I'm very happy at schl.
4．What grade is Wu Ming in this year?
A. Grade 7. B. Grade 8.C. Grade 9. D. We dn't knw.
5．What isn't Wu Ming gd at?
A. P. E.B. English.C. Chinese.D. Ftball.
6．Wh is better at English, Wu Ming r Zhang Hng?
A. Wu Ming.
B. Zhang Hng.
C. Neither f them are gd at English.
D. Wu Ming is as gd as Zhang Hng.
What's yur dream neighburhd like? What kind f neighburhd d yu want yur children t live in with yu? Nw paint yur dream neighburhd. Take part in the painting cmpetitin and yu'll have a chance t win $1, 000!
Ntice:
①The idea f yur painting must be yur wn
②Write dwn the idea behind yur painting in 100 wrds
Size: All the paintings must be 60 cm wide and 80 cm lng r smaller
Where: Send yur painting t A Picture f My Own Neighburhd, 9F,
N. 168, Swan Rad, Swan City
When: Send yur painting befre Octber 25 Prize: 1st Prize:$1, 000(3 winners)
2nd Prize:$800 (5 winners) 3rd Prize:$600(10 winners) 4th Prize:$400(20 winners)
T learn mre, please visit http:/picturemywnneighburhd. swancity. gy
7．What des the text(文章)ask peple t d?
A. Write a 100-wrd stry.
B. Jin in a painting cmpetitin.
C. Take phts f yur neighburhd.
D. Raise mney fr yur neighhurhd.
8．Which size f the picture wn't be OK?
A. 40 cm wide and 60 cm lng.B. 50 cm wide and 70 cm lng.
C. 60 cm wide and 80 cm lng.D. 80 cm wide and 100 cm lng.
9．Hw much will yu get if yu win the third prize?
A. $1, 000. B. $800.C. $600.D. $400.
10．Hw can yu knw. mre infrmatin?
A. By making a call.B. By sending an email.
C. By ging t the ffice.D. By visiting the website.
My gd friend Carl invited me t his birthday party. He mved t Canada frm Mexic(墨西哥)when he was a baby, but his parents tried t fllw sme f the Mexican traditins. At his party I saw my first pinata(彩罐).
It lked like an animal and was full f candies. Peple put it n the ceiling(天 花板). Carl hit the pifata until it brke. All the candies fell nt the flr, and we had a great time eating candies. Everyne shared. It was fun!
Carl's birthday party gt me thinking abut hw kids in ther places celebrate birthdays. Did yu knw that in Vietnam(越南), every kid's birthday is n the same day? Kids d nt celebrate n the days they were brn. All the kids celebrate their birthdays n New Year's Day. Parents give kids red envelpes(信封)with lucky mney in them. What a great way t celebrate birthdays!
In Suth Africa, kids d nt celebrate every birthday. Hwever, n their 21st birthday, their parents make a key. It can be made f paper r wd. Parents give the birthday child this key. It is a sign frm the parents that the child can nw unlck the dr t their future life.
In Japan, children get new clthes n their birthdays. In Denmark(丹麦), a flag flies utside the windw f a huse where a child is having a birthday. When the child is asleep, parents put presents all arund the child's bed.
11．What was in the pinata n Carl's birthday?
A. Candies.B. Clthes.C. Lucky mney. D. An animal.
12．Where dn't kids celebrate their birthdays n their dates f birth?
A. In Mexic. B. In Japan. C. In Suth Africa. D. In Vietnam.
13．What des the underlined wrd "unlck" mean in Chinese?
A. 锁住B. 打开C. 更换D. 安装
14．What is happening when we see a flag utside the windw f a huse in Denmark?
A. The child in the huse is asleep.
B. A child is having a birthday party.
C. There is a birthday child in the huse.
D. A child is inviting friends t his huse。
15．What is the best title fr this text?
A. Different Birthday Presents
B. What Carl Did n His Birthday
C. What Kids Want n Their Birthdays
D. Birthday Celebratins arund the Wrld
Michelle Bartman is a teacher in the U. S. She likes histry best and has a master's degree(硕士学位)in it. She nce wanted t be a histry teacher.
But there were enugh histry teachers in her schl. S she tk the jb as a special educatin teacher and taught English.
Michelle didn't d well in her teaching at first. She taught 10th-grade students English. Her students learned many interesting things such as gegraphy, arts and science. She didn't knw hw t make her English lessns interesting
Michelle wanted t make a change. She thught that she didn't have much experience in teaching English, but she knew histry well. S, she wanted t tell her students the histrical backgrunds(历史背景)f sme lessns. This culd help them learn mre abut their lessns and the wrld they live in.
At first, sme students were nt sure abut her teaching. They said this was an English class, nt a histry class. But later, many students fund her classes very interesting. They learned abut the histry behind their lessns fr the first time. They were surprised at what they learned. After a year, the students learned a lt.
Nw, Michelle's lessns are ppular with the students. She is happy. But she desn't want t stp there. Next, she wants t get a master's degree in English s she can help her students learn mre.
16．What is Michelle's favurite subject?
A. Arts.B. Histry.C. Science.D. Gegraphy
17．What was Michelle's prblem at first?
A. She didn't like the jb.
B. The students didn't like her.
C. The students weren't interested in English.
D. She didn't knw hw t make her lessns interesting.
18．What d we knw abut Michelle's new lessns?
A. They were a little difficult.
B. Her students learned a lt frm them.
C. Her students lved them frm the start,
D. She gt the idea fr them frm her students.
19．What des Michelle want t d next?
A. T help ther teachers.
B. T be a histry teacher.
C. T start a new lessn in her schl.
D. T get a master's degree in English.
20．What can we learn frm Michelle's stry?
A. Think befre yu speak.
B. Be happy with what yu have.
C. Always try new things and learn new things.
D. When yu help thers, yu're helping yurself.
Everyne has his r her dream schl life. My dream schl life is perfect and clurful. First f all, the schl is very big and beautiful with a lt f trees and flwers. The air is fresh and the grund is clean. Secndly, it is imprtant fr me t have a big library which has many bks. We can g int the library t read bks r lk up sme infrmatin at any time. I hpe the teachers are fair (公平的)and knwledgeable. And the classmates are clever and friendly. We can get n well with each ther. Then I hpe the schl has many subjects such as English, maths, Chinese, histry, cmputer studies, science, P. E. and art. Besides, I hpe we can learn French. I guess if will be very interesting.
I hpe we can get up earlier and g t bed later s that we can have mre time t study r take part in sme activities.
Finally, I hpe t imprve all my abilities(能力)in such a schl. I believe I will becme successful(成功的)in the end.
21．The writer can _______ r lk up sme infrmatin in his dream library.
22．The writer hpes the teachers are ___________.
23．Why des the writer hpe t get up earlier and g t bed later?
24．What des the writer hpe t imprve in such a schl?
25．What des the writer's dream schl lk like?
二、补全对话，情景问答
26．A:Excuse me, sir ?
B:Yes ?
A:Is there a bank near here ?
B: ①____________. It's n Guangming Street.
A: ②____________ ?
B:Walk alng the street and turn left at the secnd crssing. Walk dwn and yu'll see the bank n yur left.
A:Thanks a lt.
B:Nt at all. Are yu new here?
A: ③_________ . S I knw nthing abut the city.
B:Then I think yu need a map.
A: ④________________?
B:Yu can buy ne in the grcery stre.
A: ⑤____________ ?
B:The grcery stre is n the ppsite f the street.
A:OK. I will g and buy ne. Thank yu very much.
B:Yu're welcme.
三、完形填空
Mrs. Ga is my maths teacher. She is 1 sunshine t me in my middle schl life. Mrs. Ga is a hard-wrking teacher. Each time I walk int her ffice, I always see her 2 n the cmputer. Mrs. Ga is busy, 3 she is always patient with her students. She takes time t explain(解释)answers 4 when we meet difficult prblems.
One day, I asked her, “ 5 d yu keep yur patience with us all the time? ”She 6 and answered, "When yu have 7 with yur studies and cme t 8 help, I am happy that yu are active. "She encurages us t ask questins and discuss the answers with each ther.
Mrs. Ga is als happy t give us 9 ideas f learning. T help us get gd 10 in the exams, she asks us t take 11 ntes. After all(毕竟), it is quite difficult t remember 12 in a shrt time. When I learn this, I can write 13 pints dwn in class.
With such a 14 persnality (个性) , Mrs. Ga is s ppular with students. What's mre(而且), she als 15 her ideas with ther teachers t make all f them better.
We all learn much frm her mtt(座右铭):"There is n best, nly better. "
27．A. frB. likeC. withD. abut
28．A. playingB. discussingC. wrkingD. exercising
29．A. sB. ifC. butD. because
30．A. ludlyB. clearlyC. quietlyD. quickly
31．A. HwB. WhatC. WhenD. Wh
32．A. criedB. shutedC. wrriedD. laughed
33．A. prblemsB. activitiesC. differencesD. cmpetitins
34．A. agree withB. try nC. ask frD. grw up
35．A. prB. difficultC. strangeD. useful
36．A. giftsB. gradesC. plansD. examples
37．A. quickB. slwC. lngD. deep
38．A. nthingB. anythingC. everythingD. smething
39．A. cmpleteB. imprtantC. allD. fllwing
40．A. lazyB. strictC. nervusD. patient
41．A. sharesB. chatsC. cughsD. csts
四、短文填空题
42．Betty is a gd girl. She is frm ①_______ (English). She and her parents live in a ②_______(suth)city. This is her secnd year at middle schl. She studies hard and never ③_______(miss)class. She has many interests, such ④_______ playing the pian and painting. And she wants t be a painter when she ⑤_______ (grw)up (长大). She als likes gegraphy, and she wuld like t visit the famus muntains and rivers in the future. But physics was a headache fr her. ⑥_______(luck), the physics teacher Mr. Wang is really patient with her, and teaches her again and again. After a ⑦_______ (year) hard wrk, she is much ⑧_______ (gd)at physics nw. But she is nt healthy these days. She has ⑨______ (be)sick fr 2 weeks. Her parents and teachers are wrried. They decide t have a gd ⑩______ (discuss)abut hw t deal with the prblem. Can yu give them sme suggestins?
五、写作题
43．在即将举行的中学生国际文化交流活动中, 你将代表学校介绍中国的传统节日-中秋节。请根据以下导图提示, 用英语写一篇发言稿。
注意：词数80左右(开头和结尾已给出, 不计入总词数)。
Dear friends.
Tday I'd like t intrduce the Mid-Autumn Festival t yu.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That's all. Thanks fr listening.
参考答案
1．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据“It’s her first time t Bading, s her friend Jenny gives her a map f the city.”可知，Jenny是Lily的朋友。故选C。
2．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据地图可知，Lily在公交车站，沿着街道走，在第二个路口左转，然后再沿着街道走就可以到达大学。故选B。
3．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据地图可知，餐馆在电影院的对面。故选A。
4．答案：B
解析：文中第二句提到"We are in Grade Eight this year."（我们今年上八年级。）因此，吴明今年上八年级。
5．答案：C
解析：文中第四句提到"I'm nt very gd at Chinese."（我语文不太好。）因此，吴明不擅长语文。
6．答案：A
解析：文中第七句提到"Zhang Hng als likes English. But he is nt gd at it."（张红也喜欢英语，但他不擅长。）因此，吴明的英语比张红好。
7．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据“Nw paint yur dream neighburhd. Take part in the painting cmpetitin and yu'll have a chance t win $1,000!”可知，这篇文章是为了让大家去参加一个绘画比赛。故选B。
8．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据“Size: All the paintings must be 60 cm wide and 80 cm lng r smaller(更小的)”可知，所有画作的尺寸必须是60cm宽和80cm长或更小，所以选项D“80 cm宽和100 cm长”是不符合要求的。故选D。
9．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据“Prize:1st Prize: $1,000(3 winners) 2nd Prize: $800(5 winners) 3rd Prize: $600(10 winners) 4th Prize: $400(20 winners)”可知，如果你赢得三等奖的话，你会得到600美元。故选C。
10．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据“T learn mre, please visit: ”可知，若要了解更多的信息，可以登录这个网站。故选D。
11．答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据“It lked like an animal and was full f candies.”可知是糖果，故选A。
12．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据“Did yu knw that in Vietnam (越南), every kid's birthday is n the same day? Kids d nt celebrate n the days they were brn.”可知，越南的孩子不按出生日期庆祝生日，故选D。
13．答案：B
解析：词句猜测题。根据“Parents give the birthday child this key”可知，父母给孩子这把钥匙，是为了让他们打开通往未来生活的大门。所以可以推测“unlck”应该是表示“打开”，故选B。
14．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据“In Denmark(丹麦),a flag flies utside the windw f a huse where a child is having a birthday.”可知，表明这个房子里有一个孩子正在过生日，故选C。
15．答案：D
解析：最佳标题。根据“Carl’s birthday party gt me thinking abut hw kids in ther places celebrate birthdays.”以及通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了世界各地过生日的情况。故选D。
16．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段She likes histry best and has a master's degree （硕士学位）in it.（她最喜欢历史，并获得了历史学硕士学位。）可知，米歇尔最喜欢的科目是历史。故选B。
17．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段She didn't knw hw t make her English lessns interesting.（她不知道如何使她的英语课有趣。）可知，米歇尔最初的问题是不知道如何使她的英语课有趣。故选D。
18．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第五段After a year，the students learned a lt.（一年后，学生们学到了很多东西。）可知，她的学生学到了很多东西。故选B。
19．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段Next，she wants t get a master's degree in English s she can help her students learn mre.（接下来，她想获得英语硕士学位，这样她就可以帮助她的学生学习更多。）可知，她下一步想获得英语硕士学位。故选D。
20．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段She didn't knw hw t make her English lessns interesting.（她不知道如何使她的英语课有趣。）第五段After a year，the students learned a lt.（一年后，学生们学到了很多东西。）和最后一段Next，she wants t get a master's degree in English s she can help her students learn mre.（接下来，她想获得英语硕士学位，这样她就可以帮助她的学生学习更多。）以及全文信息可知，米歇尔总是尝试新的东西并且学习新的东西的品质。故选C
21．答案： read bks
解析：根据“We can g int the library t read bks r lk up sme infrmatin at any time.”可知,可以在图书馆里看书，故填read bks。
22．答案： fair and knwledgeable
解析：根据“I hpe the teachers are fair (公平的) and knwledgeable.”可知，希望老师是公平和知识渊博的，故填fair and knwledgeable。
23．答案： Because the writer wants t have mre time t study r take part in sme activities.
解析：根据“I hpe we can get up earlier and g t bed later s that we can have mre time t study r take part in sme activities.”可知，因为作者想有更多的时间来学习或参加一些活动，故填Because the writer wants t have mre time t study r take part in sme activities.
24．答案： The writer hpes t imprve all his / her abilities in such a schl.
解析：根据“Finally, I hpe t imprve all my abilities (能力) in such a schl.”可知，希望在这样的学校里提高各项能力，故填The writer hpes t imprve all his/her abilities in such a schl.
25．答案： The schl is very big and beautiful with a lt f trees and flwers. The air is fresh and the grund is clean. It shuld have a big library. (言之有理即可)
解析：根据“the schl is very big and beautiful with a lt f trees and flwers. The air is fresh and the grund is clean.”及“have a big library”可知，作者的梦想学校又大又漂亮，有许多花和树。空气很清新，操场很干净，有一个大大的图书馆，故填The schl is very big and beautiful with a lt f trees and flwers. The air is fresh and the grund is clean. It shuld have a big library.(言之有理即可)
26．答案：①Yes, there is
②Hw can I get there / reach there
③Yes, I am / I’m new here
④Where can I buy ne / a map
⑤Where is the grcery stre
解析：①A询问附近是否有银行，B回答在光明街，所以空格处应填Yes, there is.
②B告诉A银行的位置，所以空格处应填Hw can I get there?
③B询问A是否是新来的，A回答对城市一无所知，所以空格处应填Yes, I am.
④B建议A买地图，所以空格处应填Where can I get a map?
⑤B告诉A可以去杂货店买地图，所以空格处应填Where is the grcery stre?
27．答案：B
解析：句意:她就像我中学生活中的阳光。fr为了;like像;with和;abut关于。根据“sunshine t me in my middle schl life.”可知老师就像阳光一样。故选B。
28．答案：C
解析：句意:每次我走进她的办公室，我总是看到她在电脑上工作。playing玩;discussing讨论;wrking工作;exercising锻炼。根据“Mrs. Ga is a hard-wrking teacher”可知，她很努力工作，所以总是看到她在电脑上工作。故选C。
29．答案：C
解析：句意:高老师很忙，但她对学生总是很有耐心。s因此;if如果; but但是;because因为。空格前后是转折关系，故选C。
30．答案：B
解析：句意:当我们遇到难题时，她会花时间清楚地讲解答案。ludly大声地;clearly清晰地;quietly安静地;quickly快速地。根据“She takes time t explain (解释) answers ”可知她会清楚地解释答案。故选B。
31．答案：A
解析：句意:你是怎么一直对我们保持耐心的?Hw如何;What什么;When什么时候;Wh谁。根据“d yu keep yur patience with us all the time”可知，询问怎么会一直有耐心。故选A。
32．答案：D
解析：句意:她笑着回答:“当学生们在学习上遇到问题并来寻求帮助时，我很高兴你们有积极性。”cried哭; shuted叫喊;wrried担心;laughed笑。根据“I am happy that yu are active.”可知，高老师说学生问她问题时，她感觉很开心，因此谈到这件令她开心的事情时她应该是笑着说的。故选D。
33．答案：A
解析：句意:当学生们在学习上遇到问题并来寻求帮助时，我很高兴你们有积极性。prblems问题;activities活动;differences差异;cmpetitins比赛。根据“cme t ”可知学生有问题时会向老师寻求帮助。故选A。
34．答案：C
解析：句意:当学生们在学习上遇到问题并来寻求帮助时，我很高兴你们有积极性。agree with同意;try n尝试;ask fr要求;grw up长大。ask fr help“求助”，故选C。
35．答案：D
解析：句意:高老师也很乐意给我们提供有用的学习建议。pr贫穷的; difficult困难的;strange奇怪的;useful有用的。根据“T help us get gd... in the exams...”可知，这些都是有用的建议。故选D。
36．答案：B
解析：句意:为了帮助我们在考试中取得好成绩，她要求我们在课堂上快速地记笔记。gifts礼物;grades成绩;plans计划;examples例子。根据“ get the exams”可知是在考试中取得好成绩。故选B。
37．答案：A
解析：句意:为了帮助我们在考试中取得好成绩，她要求我们在课堂上快速地记笔记。quick快速的;slw缓慢的;lng长的;deep深的。根据“take ... ntes”可知，快速地记笔记符合语境。故选A。
38．答案：C
解析：句意:毕竟，在短时间内记住一些东西是相当困难的。nthing没有东西;anything任何东西;everything一切;smething一些东西。根据“it is quite difficult t a shrt time”可知在短时间内记住一些东西是相当困难的，应用smething来表示“一些东西”。故选C。
39．答案：B
解析：句意:当我学会了这个，我可以在课堂上写下重要的点。cmplete完整的;imprtant重要的;all所有的;fllwing之后的。根据“pints dwn in class”可知，记下重要的知识点。故选B。
40．答案：D
解析：句意:高老师有这样耐心的性格，所以很受学生欢迎。lazy懒惰的;strict严格的;nervus紧张的;patient耐心的。根据“she is always patient with her students”可知，是一位很有耐心的老师。故选D。
41．答案：A
解析：句意:而且，她还与其他老师分享自己的想法，让他们都变得更好。shares分享;chats聊天;cughs咳嗽;csts花费。根据“her ideas with ther teachers”可知是和其他老师分享她的想法。故选A。
42．答案：①England②suthern③misses④as⑤grws⑥Luckily⑦year's⑧better⑨been⑩discussin
解析：本文主要介绍了Betty的个人信息以及她遇到的问题。
①句意:她来自英国。be frm+地点，表示“来自某处”，England“英国”，故填England。
②句意:她和她的父母住在一个南方的城市。此空修饰名词city，应填形容词suthern表示“南方的”作定语，故填suthern。
③句意:她学习努力，从不缺课。此句是一般现在时，根据studies可知，此空应填三单，故填misses。
④句意:她有很多兴趣爱好，比如弹钢琴和画画。such as“例如”，固定搭配，故填as。
⑤句意:她长大后想成为一名画家。根据wants可知，此句是一般现在时，根据she可知，动词用三单，故填grws。
⑥句意:幸运的是，物理老师王老师对她很有耐心。此空位于句首，且空格后有逗号隔开，应填副词。根据“But physics was a headache fr her.”及“the physics teacher Mr. Wang is really patient with her”可知，物理对她来说是一件头疼的事，而物理老师对她很有耐心，这是一件幸运的事，故填Luckily。
⑦句意:经过一年的努力，她现在的物理好多了。根据a可知，此空应填单数形式，此空修饰名词，应用名词所有格，故填year’s。
⑧句意:经过一年的努力，她现在的物理好多了。much修饰比较级，gd的比较级是better，故填better。
⑨句意:她病了两个星期了。根据has以及fr 2 weeks可知，此空应填过去分词与has构成现在完成时结构，故填been。
⑩句意:他们决定好好讨论一下如何处理这个问题。根据a可知，此空应填名词的单数形式，discussin“讨论”，单数名词，故填discussin。
43．答案：
Dear friends,
Tday I'd like t intrduce the Mid-Autumn Festival t yu.
The Mid-Autumn Festival falls n August I5 in the lunar calendar. When night falls, Chinese peple sit arund the table with their families and enjy mn cakes and the full mn. In Chinese peple's view, the mn always reminds them f family and hme. As Du Fu nce wrte in his pem, “The mn viewed at hme is brighter. " Children enjy listening t the stry f Chang'e in the mnlight, which adds clur t traditinal Chinese culture. I hpe yu will like this festival.
That's all. Thanks fr listening
解析：[总体分析]
①题材:本文是一篇发言稿;
②时态:时态为“一般现在时”;
③提示:写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏，适当增加细节完整表述内容。
[写作步骤]
第一步，开头已给出，引出本文主题;
第二步，介绍中秋节的时间，庆祝活动，意义等;
第三步，感谢聆听。
[亮点词汇]
①remind sb f sth使某人想起某事
②enjy ding sth喜欢做某事
③listen t听
[高分句型]
①When night falls, Chinese peple sit arund the table with their families and enjy mn cakes and the full mn.(when引导的时间状语从句)
②Children enjy listening t the stry f Chang'e in the mnlight, which adds clur t traditinal Chinese culture.(which引导定语从句)