湖北部分名校2024-2025学年高二上学期期中联考英语试卷（Word版附解析）

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考试时间：2024年11月13日上午8:00-10:00 试卷满分：150分
注意事项：
1. 答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2. 选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3. 非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Which club will the man jin?
A. The hiking club. B. The bicycle club. C. The rck climbing club.
2. When will the crew return t the landing site?
A. In fur mnths. B. In six mnths. C. In ten mnths.
3. Hw will the man g t the airprt tmrrw?
A. By bus. B. By car. C. By taxi.
4. What is the relatinship between the speakers?
A. Neighbrs. B. Family members. C. Dctr and patient.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking abut?
A. A theme park. B. A cartn. C. A city.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟，听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where are the speakers?
A. In an ffice. B. In a restaurant. C. In a furniture shp.
7. Hw des Alicia sund at the end f the cnversatin?
A. Excited. B. Nervus. C. Grateful.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8 What is Mrs. Hayley ding?
A. Taking a trip. B. Meeting a client. C. Dealing with an emergency.
9. What des the wman suggest David d?
A. Write dwn sme infrmatin.
B. Cntact Mrs. Hayley later.
C. Send a dcument.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What seasn is nt included frm the yearly pass?
A. Spring. B. Summer. C. Fall.
11. What is the price fr a ne-year unlimited pass?
A. $100. B. $110. C. $150.
12. What is the wman ging t d first?
A Make payment. B. Check her car’s cnditin. C. Fill ut a frm.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Where is Matthew nw?
A. In a big city. B. In a muntain village. C. In a castal twn.
14. Why des Matthew cme t China again?
A. Fr fun. B. Fr study. C. Fr business.
15. What des the wman ask Matthew t d?
A. Bring her a present. B. Make sticky rice tea cake. C. Take care f his grandmther.
16. What made Matthew exhausted?
A. Picking tea leaves. B. Catching a chicken. C. Digging fr bamb shts.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Wh is the speaker prbably talking t?
A. Cmpany emplyees. B. Twn’s residents. C. Gvernment fficials.
18. Why was this site t be chsen fr husing?
A. Tw large secndary schls are clse by.
B. The surrundings are beautiful.
C. The lcatin is cnvenient.
19. Hw far is this site frm the hspital?
A. A 15-minute drive. B. A 20-minute drive. C. A 45-minute drive.
20. What will the speaker d next?
A. Shw a map. B. Ask sme questins. C. G t a supermarket.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
East Africa is ne f the best places t enjy incredible hikes. Its saring hills and muntains with accessible summits and snaking frest trails have made it the hme f hiking experiences t suit mst time-frames and fitness levels.
Munt Meru
As Tanzania’s secnd highest muntain, Munt Meru is ften used by muntaineers fr an adaptatin training befre trying t cnquer Kilimanjar. Climbing Munt Meru passes thrugh many different vegetatin (植被) znes. The dry frest f the lwer regin gives way t a dense muntain rainfrest, which then turns int bush. The trail als passes thrugh the habitats f a number f wild animals including buffales, babns and giraffes.
Munt Kenya
At 5,199 meters abve sea level, Munt Kenya is an ancient extinct vlcan. Munt Kenya has three peaks — Batian, Nelin and Lenana, amng which nly Lenana can be reached by average trekkers (徒步者) and the ther tw nly fr technical climbers. Munt Kenya is als regarded as a hly muntain by all the cmmunities living arund it. They use the muntain fr traditinal rituals based n the belief that their traditinal gd Ngai and his wife Mumbi live n the peak f the muntain.
Munt Kilimanjar
Munt Kilimanjar reaches 5,895 meters abve sea level. It can be climbed at any time f the year but there is usually a lt mre rain during April, May and Nvember. At the lwer levels, yu will pass thrugh cultivated farmlands rising thrugh trpical rainfrest nt alpine meadws and finally the barren landscape leading t the snw and ice capped summit. The lwer levels als ffer the chance t view a wide variety f animals, birds and fauna in their natural habitat.
Usambara Muntain Range
Fr hikers wh d nt want t underg the difficulties f climbing challenging peaks like Kilimanjar r Kenya, Tanzania’s Usambara Muntain Range ffers a great alternative. Unlike the hikes that require permits and the cmpany f park rangers, it is casual, and easily accessible. At 2,440 meters, Usambara Muntain is hme t ver 3,000 plant species and ver 600 tree species.
1. Why d muntaineers climb Munt Meru first befre they d Kilimanjar?
A. T view a wide variety f animals.B. T admire different vegetatin znes.
C. T get used t the situatin f Kilimanjar.D. T avid the hardship f climbing Kilimanjar.
2. What d we knw abut Munt Kenya?
A. It is an active vlcan.
B. It is easier t climb cmpared with Kilimanjar.
C. It is sacred in the eyes f residents living arund it.
D. Its three peaks can be accessible t inexperienced trekkers.
3. What is special abut Usambara Muntain Range?
A. It is hard t get access t.
B. It is hme t unique plant species.
C. It can be climbed at any time f the year.
D. It desn’t need park rangers t accmpany the climbers.
【答案】1. C 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四座非洲的名山以及各自的特色。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“As Tanzania’s secnd highest muntain, Munt Meru is ften used by muntaineers fr an adaptatin training befre trying t cnquer Kilimanjar.(作为坦桑尼亚的第二高峰，梅鲁山经常被登山者用来进行适应训练，然后再试图征服乞力马扎罗山)”可知，登山者先爬梅鲁山，再爬乞力马扎罗山是为了适应乞力马扎罗山的情况。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Munt Kenya is als regarded as a hly muntain by all the cmmunities living arund it.(肯尼亚山也被居住在它周围的所有社区视为圣山)”可知，肯尼亚山在周围居民眼中是神圣的。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Unlike the hikes that require permits and the cmpany f park rangers, it is casual, and easily accessible.(与需要许可证和公园护林员陪伴的徒步旅行不同，它很随意，很容易到达)”可知，乌桑巴拉山脉不需要公园管理员陪同登山者。故选D。
B
When a clleague sent Jhn McFall a jb advertisement fr wuld-be astrnauts, his reactin was swift. All he had in his head was that it wuld be awesme t g t space. Hwever, ding s wuld invlve breaking thrugh a glass ceiling — ne that has held firm fr mre than six decades f space explratin.
After lsing his right leg at the age f 19 in a mtrcycle accident, McFall went n t becme a Paralympic athlete, winning brnze in Beijing, and later becming a surgen. In 2022, the Eurpean Space Agency (ESA) annunced that he wuld jin them in seeking t push the bundaries f space explratin after a demanding selectin prcess. Three years after sptting the jb psting by ESA, McFall is nw n track t becme the wrld’s first astrnaut with a disability.
There’s n guarantee that McFall will g int space. Instead the agency has been putting him thrugh the requirements f a six-mnth missin t the Internatinal Space Statin. The tests are aimed at explring questins such as hw McFall wuld mve and stabilize himself in micrgravity and hw cnditins in space wuld affect his prsthesis (假肢). S far, all signs have suggested that space flight is feasible fr McFall, giving hpe that he — r smene with a similar disability — culd eventually train fr an upcming missin.
Since starting with the ESA, he has sught t gently push pack against the widely used title f parastrnaut. “I’m nt a parasurgen; I’m a surgen. I’m nt a paraded; I’m a dad,” he said, describing it as a “slippery slpe” t add “para” in frnt f anything dne by smene with a physical disability.
McFall is hping t challenge peple’s perceptin f what an astrnaut lks like. He said, “My jb is t make sure that peple have a well-runded and infrmed definitin f disability and what being disabled means.”
4. Why des ging t space invlve breaking thrugh a glass ceiling?
A. Because McFall feels it awful t g t space.
B. Because McFall has t pass a glass breaking test.
C. Because there has been n disabled astrnaut t date.
D. Because the bundaries f space explratin are easy t push.
5. What have the signs indicated s far?
A. The tests are unfair and inhuman.B. McFall will definitely g t space.
C. MeFall’s hpe fr the future is lst.D. Space flight is wrkable fr MacFall.
6. What des McFall want t d accrding t the last tw paragraphs?
A. Jin hands with thse disabled.
B. Push peple t slip ver n a slpe.
C. Deepen peple’s understanding f disability.
D. Prtest strngly against the use f “parastrnaut”.
7. Which f the fllwing can best describe Jhn McFall?
A. Generus and strict.B. Curageus and inspiring.
C. Ambitius and talented.D. Warm-hearted and utging.
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。讲述了Jhn McFall在成为残疾人的情况下取得了非凡成就，包括在残奥会获奖及成为外科医生，并通过ESA的选拔有望成为首位残疾宇航员。此外，文章还传达了McFall希望改变公众对残疾人和残疾宇航员看法的信息。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Hwever, ding s wuld invlve breaking thrugh a glass ceiling — ne that has held firm fr mre than six decades f space explratin.(然而，这样做将需要打破一个玻璃天花板——一个在太空探索的六十多年里一直存在的天花板。)”和第二段第一句McFall的情况的描述“After lsing his right leg at the age f 19 in a mtrcycle accident, McFall went n t becme a Paralympic athlete, winning brnze in Beijing, and later becming a surgen.(19岁时，在一次摩托车事故中失去右腿后，McFall成为了一名残奥会运动员，在北京获得了铜牌，后来成为了一名外科医生。)”可知，太空探索领域还没有残疾宇航员，所以McFall如果成为宇航员，将打破这一现状。因此，去太空要突破玻璃天花板的原因是到目前为止还没有残疾宇航员。故选C项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“S far, all signs have suggested that space flight is feasible fr McFall, giving hpe that he — r smene with a similar disability — culd eventually train fr an upcming missin.(到目前为止，所有的迹象都表明，太空飞行对McFall来说是可行的，这给了他希望，即他或一个有类似残疾的人最终可以为即将到来的任务进行训练。)”可知，目前所有的迹象都表明太空飞行对McFall来说是可行的。故选D项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后两段内容“Since starting with the ESA, he has sught t gently push pack against the widely used title f parastrnaut. ‘I’m nt a parasurgen; I’m a surgen. I’m nt a paraded; I’m a dad,’ he said, describing it as a ‘slippery slpe’ t add ‘para’ in frnt f anything dne by smene with a physical disability. McFall is hping t challenge peple’s perceptin f what an astrnaut lks like. He said, ‘My jb is t make sure that peple have a well-runded and infrmed definitin f disability and what being disabled means.’(自加入欧洲航天局以来，他一直试图温和地抵制‘残奥会宇航员’这一广泛使用的头衔。‘我不是残奥会外科医生，我是外科医生。我不是残奥会爸爸，我是爸爸，’他说，把‘残奥’加在有身体残疾的人所做的任何事情前面，是一个‘危险的滑坡’。McFall希望挑战人们对宇航员形象的看法。他说：‘我的工作是确保人们对残疾和残疾意味着什么有一个全面和正确的认识。’)”可知，McFall想要加深人们对残疾和残疾人能力的理解，而不仅仅是在这些称谓上做文章。故选C项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“After lsing his right leg at the age f 19 in a mtrcycle accident, McFall went n t becme a Paralympic athlete, winning brnze in Beijing, and later becming a surgen.(19岁时，在一次摩托车事故中失去右腿后，McFall成为了一名残奥会运动员，在北京获得了铜牌，后来成为了一名外科医生。)”和第三段中的“S far, all signs have suggested that space flight is feasible fr McFall, giving hpe that he — r smene with a similar disability — culd eventually train fr an upcming missin.(到目前为止，所有的迹象都表明，太空飞行对McFall来说是可行的，这给了他希望，即他或一个有类似残疾的人最终可以为即将到来的任务进行训练。)”以及最后两段McFall想要加深人们对残疾的理解可知，Jhn McFall在失去右腿后仍然努力奋斗，成为了残奥会运动员和外科医生，并有可能成为世界上第一个残疾宇航员，他的经历是勇敢和鼓舞人心的。故选B项。
C
Nne f us like t think we’d walk n by when smene needed ur help. But smetimes we behave in ways we wuldn’t expect when encuntering a situatin we are unsure abut. Research frm the British Heart Fundatin has suggested that a third f peple wuld nt perfrm first aid if they saw smene cllapse n the street, with sme even admitting they wuldn’t call an ambulance. This can smetimes mean that n ne helps when smene desperately needs it. Hwever, a lt f tragic events urge us t take immediate actin.
One f the mst famus examples f this is the tragic case f Kitty Genvese wh was fatally stabbed (刺、捅) in Kew Gardens, New Yrk, in 1964. Fllw-up investigatins cncluded that several peple saw r heard what was happening, but did nthing t intervene. This has been termed the “bystander effect”—a well-knwn psychlgical phenmenn that individuals are less likely t ffer help t smene when ther peple are present. The mre peple there are, the less likely they are t help.
There are varius factrs cntributing t this effect — peple think that thers will get invlved r intervene. Afterwards peple ften say they did nt feel qualified r senir r imprtant enugh t be the ne t intervene. It is als partly dwn t “pluralistic ignrance” — since everyne is nt reacting t the emergency, they dn’t need t either; it’s nt serius because n ne else is ding anything.
Self-awareness is the best antidte t it. When encuntering an emergency, think t yurself hw yu wuld behave if yu were n yur wn. Ignre everyne else and hw they are behaving and g with yur instinct (直觉) —if yu’d call an ambulance, d it. If yu’d run fr help, d it. If that’s hw yu wuld have behaved when yu were n yur wn then that’s prbably the right curse f actin.
8. Accrding t the first paragraph, what wuld sme peple d when smene needs help?
A. T behave in prper ways.B. T rush t give a hand.
C. T give immediate first aid.D. T hesitate t intervene.
9. Which f the fllwing statements abut “bystander effect” is crrect?
A. It is a rare psychlgical phenmenn.
B. Peple are unwilling t help fr lack f qualificatin.
C. Smene will step in when mre peple are gathering.
D. It results frm “pluralistic ignrance” t sme degree.
10. What des the underlined wrd “antidte” in the last paragraph mean?
A. Devtin.B. Intrductin.C. Slutin.D. Resistance.
11. What is the best title fr the text?
A. Dn’t Be a BystanderB. Stay away frm Emergencies
C. Raise Awareness f First AidD. Dn’t Intervene in “Bystander Effect”
【答案】8. D 9. D 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章开篇提出人们在面对他人需要帮助时存在的一些不作为现象这一问题，接着通过Kitty Genvese的事例引入“旁观者效应”这一概念并对其进行分析阐述，包括产生该效应的多种因素，最后提出自我意识是应对“旁观者效应”的解决办法。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“But smetimes we behave in ways we wuldn’t expect when encuntering a situatin we are unsure abut. Research frm the British Heart Fundatin has suggested that a third f peple wuld nt perfrm first aid if they saw smene cllapse n the street, with sme even admitting they wuldn’t call an ambulance. (但有时，当我们遇到不确定的情况时，我们的行为方式会出乎我们的意料。英国心脏基金会的研究表明，如果看到有人在街上晕倒，三分之一的人不会进行急救，有些人甚至承认他们不会叫救护车。)”可知，有些人在他人需要帮助时会表现出犹豫，不确定是否要采取帮助行动，比如进行急救或叫救护车等，即，有些人会犹豫是否干预。故选D项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“There are varius factrs cntributing t this effect — peple think that thers will get invlved r intervene. Afterwards peple ften say they did nt feel qualified r senir r imprtant enugh t be the ne t intervene. It is als partly dwn t “pluralistic ignrance” — since everyne is nt reacting t the emergency, they dn’t need t either; it’s nt serius because n ne else is ding anything. (造成这种效应有多种因素——人们认为其他人会介入或干预。之后人们常说他们觉得自己不够格、不够资深或不够重要，不足以成为介入的那个人。这在一定程度上也归因于“多元无知”——既然每个人都对紧急情况没有反应，他们也觉得自己没必要反应；因为其他人都没做什么，所以就觉得情况不严重。)”可知，多个因素导致了旁观者效应，其中包括“多元无知”，即因所有人不反应所以认为不严重，故选D项。
【10题详解】
词句猜题题。根据最后一段“Self-awareness is the best antidte t it. When encuntering an emergency, think t yurself hw yu wuld behave if yu were n yur wn. Ignre everyne else and hw they are behaving and g with yur instinct (直觉) —if yu’d call an ambulance, d it. If yu’d run fr help, d it. If that’s hw yu wuld have behaved when yu were n yur wn then that’s prbably the right curse f actin. (自我意识是应对它的最佳……。当遇到紧急情况时，想想如果你独自面对会怎么做。忽略其他人以及他们的行为，听从你的直觉—— 如果你会叫救护车，那就叫。如果你会跑去求助，那就去。如果这是你独自面对时会采取的行为方式，那么这可能就是正确的行动方案。)”可知，自我意识是应对“旁观者效应”的最佳解决方案，段落阐述了通过自我意识按照自己本能行动的具体做法，由此可推断antidte在这里是指应对、解决“旁观者效应”的办法，故选C项。
11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段中“This has been termed the “bystander effect”—a well-knwn psychlgical phenmenn that individuals are less likely t ffer help t smene when ther peple are present. The mre peple there are, the less likely they are t help. (这被称为“旁观者效应”——一种众所周知的心理现象，当其他人在场时，个人不太可能向某人提供帮助。人越多，他们提供帮助的可能性就越小。)”及最后一段中“If yu’d run fr help, d it. If that’s hw yu wuld have behaved when yu were n yur wn then that’s prbably the right curse f actin. (如果你愿意寻求帮助，那就去做吧。如果这就是你独自一人时的行为方式，那么这可能是正确的做法。)”可知，文章主要围绕“旁观者效应”展开，讲述了人们在他人需要帮助时由于该效应而不施救的现象及原因，最后又提出通过自我意识避免成为旁观者的解决办法，整体都是在强调不要在他人有需要时只做旁观者，而要采取行动去帮助，A项“.Dn’t Be a Bystander (不要成为旁观者)”最能概括全文，故选A项。
D
Heat impacts n fd prductin nw regularly present themselves.
“We have been wrried abut this fr years, saying the issue was ging t get wrse —nw it is,” says Zituni Ould-Dada, deputy directr in the Office f Climate Change, Bidiversity and Envirnment at the UN Fd and Agriculture Organizatin (FAO). “Crps need a nrm (常态); any changes r disturbance t cycles will lead t negative impacts. Sme crps simply wn’t grw in certain areas any mre. Drught affects the quality f the sil, the minerals, and the prductivity f the plant.”
Research shws that yields f sme crps, such as maize and wheat in many lwer-latitude regins, have already been affected by climate change. Hwever, yields f maize, wheat and sugar beet in higher latitudes have been affected psitively in recent decades. “Sme crps are mre tlerant f heat but, ver time, if these temperatures becme the nrm, and are fllwed by extremely high heat n ccasin, all crps eventually get affected.” Ould-Dada warns.
Heat impacts are nt nly limited t fd prductin. Smaller yields and changing grwing znes culd lead t greater use f fertilisers and water, and the further lss f bidiversity. Dmestic animals are just as vulnerable (易受……伤害的) t heat stress, with knck-n impacts n cattle raised fr meat and dairy animals. Meanwhile, fisheries and aquaculture (水产养殖业) face issues arund warmer waters and acidificatin.
“A heating wrld,” says Ould-Dada, “is frcing us t rethink hw we prduce fd, prcess it and stre it.” The key message, argues Ould-Dada, is fr farmers t exchange best practice and diversify: if ne crp falls t heat, anther may grw. Besides, Farmers culd be creative, fr example, by installing slar panels in fields; plants benefit frm shade and the panels generate electricity and gather rainwater. “Fd prductin itself will cause the emissin f CO. We have t d this in a way that benefits nature, the livelihds f farmers and lcal cmmunities,” adds Ould-Dada.
12. What effect des heat have n fd prductin accrding t the passage?
A. The verall yields f fd have nt been affected.
B. The utput f certain crps in lwer latitudes has increased.
C. Sme crps are nt likely t adapt t certain areas any mre.
D. Sme crps mre tlerant f heat wn’t get affected ver time.
13. What is the main idea f the furth paragraph?
A. Further heat impacts.B. Heat impacts n fd prductin.
C The lss f bidiversity.D. Issues n fisheries and aquaculture.
14. What is the key t cping with heat impacts n fd prductin?
A. Creating new plant species.B. Prcessing and string fd.
C. Installing slar panels in fields.D. Sharing methds and varying crps.
15. What can be inferred frm Ould-Dada’s wrds in the last paragraph?
A. Farmers need t put thery int practice in time.
B. We had better take envirnment-friendly measures.
C. A heating wrld is pushing us t prduce healthy fd.
D. Fd prductin is merely t blame fr climate change.
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了全球变暖对农业生产的影响及应对策略。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第二段中“Crps need a nrm (常态); any changes r disturbance t cycles will lead t negative impacts. Sme crps simply wn’t grw in certain areas any mre. Drught affects the quality f the sil, the minerals, and the prductivity f the plant. (作物需要有一个常态；任何变化或周期的干扰都会导致负面影响。有些作物在某些地区根本无法再生长。干旱会影响土壤质量、矿物质和植物生产力。)”可知，由于高温，某些作物已无法再适应某些地区的生长条件。故选C。
【13题详解】
主旨大意题。由文章第四段“Heat impacts are nt nly limited t fd prductin. Smaller yields and changing grwing znes culd lead t greater use f fertilisers and water, and the further lss f bidiversity. Dmestic animals are just as vulnerable (易受……伤害的) t heat stress, with knck-n impacts n cattle raised fr meat and dairy animals. Meanwhile, fisheries and aquaculture (水产养殖业) face issues arund warmer waters and acidificatin. (热效应不仅限于粮食生产。产量减少和种植区的变化可能导致肥料和水的更多使用，以及生物多样性的进一步丧失。家畜同样容易受到热应激的影响，这对饲养用于肉类和奶制品的牲畜产生连锁反应。与此同时，渔业和水产养殖业也面临着水温升高和酸化的问题。)”可知，本段主要讲述热效应对除粮食生产外其他方面的广泛影响，即热效应的进一步的影响。故选A。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。由文章最后一段中“The key message, argues Ould-Dada, is fr farmers t exchange best practice and diversify: if ne crp falls t heat, anther may grw. (Ould-Dada认为，关键信息是农民应该分享最佳实践并多样化种植：如果一种作物因热而受损，另一种作物可能还能生长。)”可知，应对热效应的关键在于农民之间分享方法和多样化种植。故选D。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。由文章最后一段中“Besides, Farmers culd be creative, fr example, by installing slar panels in fields; plants benefit frm shade and the panels generate electricity and gather rainwater. “Fd prductin itself will cause the emissin f CO. We have t d this in a way that benefits nature, the livelihds f farmers and lcal cmmunities,” adds Ould-Dada. (此外，农民可以更具创造性，例如在田地里安装太阳能板；植物可以从阴凉中受益，而太阳能板可以发电并收集雨水。“食品生产本身会导致二氧化碳排放。我们必须以一种有利于自然、农民生计和当地社区的方式来实现这一点，”Ould-Dada补充道。)”可知，从Ould-Dada最后一段的话中可以推断出我们最好采取环保措施。故选B。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
We watch ur salt and fat intake t prtect ur hearts. We exercise and take calcium t prtect ur bnes. We use sunscreen t prtect ur skin. But what can we d t prtect ur eyes? ____16____
Wear safety glasses
Yu dn’t have t be a cnstructin r factry wrker t need prtective eyewear. ____17____ It’s estimated that up t 90 percent f sprt-related eye injuries are preventable with prper eye prtectin. Experts recmmend sprt r safety glasses with plycarbnate lenses, which is a type f plastic that will nt easily break.
Take a break frm screens
There’s n scientific evidence that the light frm electrnic screens damages eyes. But staring at a screen can leave eyes tired and may blur (模糊) visin. Experts suggest fllwing the 20-20-20 rule: every 20 minutes take a break and lk at smething abut 20 feet away fr 20 secnds.
One reasn fr eye tiredness during screen use is that peple tend t blink less when staring at cmputer screens, which can lead t dryness. ____18____ If yu still feel yur eyes are dry r getting tired, r yur visin is ccasinally blurred, use eye drps.
____19____
First, the bvius: smking isn’t just bad fr yur lungs, but it can harm eyes and cause dry eyes. It als increases the risk f cataracts and can harm the eye nerve. Besides, try nt t rub yur eyes. Rubbing makes inflammatin (炎症) and leads t infectins. The mre yu rub, the itchier yur eyes will get.
____20____ Nt all eye prblems are nticeable, and all are best treated when fund early. Fr mst peple, unless there are prblems, that means having yur eyes tested every ne t tw years.
A. Get rid f smking
B. Stp sme bad habits
C. Finally, dn’t frget t see an eye specialist fr a checkup regularly.
D. Gardening, hme repairs and sprts can als pse risks t yur eyes.
E. We asked experts what lifestyle steps can be taken t prtect ur visin.
F. One gd way t prevent that is drinking fur r five glasses f water a day.
G. T prtect eyes, wear sunglasses that can blck ut 99 t 100 percent f UVA and UVB light.
【答案】16. E 17. D 18. F 19. B 20. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过列举人们保护心脏、骨骼、皮肤的常见做法引出保护眼睛的话题，随后分别从佩戴安全眼镜、适当远离屏幕休息、摒弃不良习惯以及定期看眼科专家进行检查等几个方面，详细说明了保护眼睛视力可采取的具体生活方式及相关注意事项。
【16题详解】
根据上文“But what can we d t prtect ur eyes? (但是我们能做些什么来保护我们的眼睛呢？)”可知，此处应承接上文并引出下文保护眼睛的具体建议，与E项“We asked experts what lifestyle steps can be taken t prtect ur visin. (我们询问了专家可以采取哪些生活方式措施来保护我们的视力。)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选E项。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Yu dn’t have t be a cnstructin r factry wrker t need prtective eyewear. (你不必是建筑工人或工厂工人才需要防护眼镜。)”及下文“It’s estimated that up t 90 percent f sprt-related eye injuries are preventable with prper eye prtectin. (据估计，高达90%的运动相关眼部损伤可以通过适当的眼睛保护来预防。)”可知，不管是什么职业，都需要防护眼镜，与D项“Gardening, hme repairs and sprts can als pse risks t yur eyes. (园艺、家庭维修和运动也会对你的眼睛构成风险。)”上下文一致，既呼应了上文所说的不局限于特定工种需要护目镜，又引出了运动相关的眼部风险，故选D项。
【18题详解】
根据上文“One reasn fr eye tiredness during screen use is that peple tend t blink less when staring at cmputer screens, which can lead t dryness. (使用屏幕时眼睛疲劳的一个原因是，人们在盯着电脑屏幕时往往眨眼较少，这会导致干燥。)”可知，下文会讲述缓解眼睛干涩的方法，与F项“One gd way t prevent that is drinking fur r five glasses f water a day. (防止这种情况的一个好方法是每天喝四到五杯水。)”上下文一致，提供了缓解眼睛干燥的一种办法，承接了上文关于眼睛干燥的话题，故选F项。
【19题详解】
根据下文“First, the bvius: smking isn’t just bad fr yur lungs, but it can harm eyes and cause dry eyes. It als increases the risk f cataracts and can harm the eye nerve. Besides, try nt t rub yur eyes. Rubbing makes inflammatin (炎症) and leads t infectins. The mre yu rub, the itchier yur eyes will get. (首先，显而易见的是：吸烟不仅对肺部有害，还会伤害眼睛并导致眼睛干涩。它还会增加患白内障的风险，并可能损害眼神经。此外，尽量不要揉眼睛。摩擦会引起炎症并导致感染。揉得越多，眼睛就会越痒。)”可知，此段内容主要讲了吸烟对眼睛有害以及揉眼睛会导致炎症和感染等不良习惯，与B项“Stp sme bad habits (改掉一些坏习惯)”上下文一致，最能概括这段的主要内容，故选B项。
【20题详解】
根据下文“Nt all eye prblems are nticeable, and all are best treated when fund early. (并非所有的眼部问题都很明显，所有问题最好在早期发现时得到治疗。)”可知，要定期检查眼睛，与C项“Finally, dn’t frget t see an eye specialist fr a checkup regularly. (最后，不要忘记定期去看眼科专家进行检查。)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选C项。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
On August 8th, 2023, a big fire brke ut in Lahaina, Hawaii. The fire ____21____ thrugh Lahaina and destryed almst 2,200 huses. It left abut 7,000 peple withut their pssessins and in need f ____22____.
That afternn, Kalyn Lepre nearly lst everything including seven surfbards. Lepre surfed almst every day; surfing was a ____23____ f jy and a means t ____24____ mental health. Jud Lau, a lngtime surfer, has been building surfbards fr the last 15 years. He believes lsing a bard is like lsing a part f ne’s ____25____.
Wanting t help the victims, Lau started by cnnecting peple wh wanted t dnate ____26____ bards t thse wh had lst theirs. But many surfers, like Lepre, use custm (定制的) bards designed t ____27____ t their size r the type f waves they ride. S Lau raised apprximately $20,000 t ____28____ the cst f materials fr shaping custm bards t ____29____. Finally he made 40 bards that wuld ____30____ have been sld fr $600 t $1,500 each.
The recipients f Lau’s effrts include Lepre. Lau ____31____ her a high-perfrmance bard ____32____ with a sunset fading frm yellw t range. Lepre cried while receiving the new bard. “Just getting back in the water was ne f the mst ____33____ experiences f my life. Jud ____34____ me back a huge part f my mental health.” says Lepre, ____35____ welling up in her vice.
21. A. wipedB. burntC. litD. swept
22. A. guidanceB. shelterC. apprvalD. schlarship
23. A. wasteB. surceC. varietyD. cmbinatin
24. A. tackleB. assessC. maintainD. suffer
25. A. sulB. pprtunityC. balanceD. battle
26. A. bareB. expensiveC. extraD. cmmn
27. A. adjustB. appealC. leadD. subscribe
28. A. cutB. analyseC. cverD. assist
29. A. give awayB. thrw awayC. wash awayD. put away
30. A. thusB. mreverC. altgetherD. therwise
31. A. sldB. returnedC. madeD. bught
32. A. replacedB. decratedC. rewardedD. flded
33. A. unfamiliarB. significantC. painfulD. peculiar
34. A. paidB. calledC. wrteD. gifted
35. A. emtinB. srrwC. regretD. pressure
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. B 24. C 25. A 26. C 27. A 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. C 32. B 33. B 34. D 35. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述在火灾后，一些冲浪爱好者失去了他们的冲浪板，而Jud Lau这位冲浪板和冲浪爱好者决定通过收集捐赠和亲自制作定制冲浪板来帮助这些受灾者。Jud Lau的善举不仅帮助了这些冲浪者重新获得冲浪板，也给他们带来了心理上的慰藉和恢复。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：大火席卷拉海纳，烧毁了近2200座房屋。A. wiped擦拭；B. burnt燃烧；C. lit点亮；D. swept横扫。根据后文“thrugh Lahaina and destryed almst 2,200 huses”指大火席卷拉海纳，sweep thrugh表示“席卷”。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它使大约7000人失去了他们的财产，需要庇护。A. guidance指导；B. shelter庇护；C. apprval赞成；D. schlarship奖学金。根据上文“It left abut 7,000 peple withut their pssessins and in need f”指大火让很多人失去了房子，需要庇护。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Lepre几乎每天都冲浪；冲浪是快乐的源泉，也是保持心理健康的一种方式。A. waste浪费；B. surce来源；C. variety多样性；D. cmbinatin结合。根据上文“Lepre surfed almst every day”可知，每天都冲浪，说明冲浪是快乐的源泉。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Lepre几乎每天都冲浪；冲浪是快乐的源泉，也是保持心理健康的一种方式。A. tackle处理；B. assess评估；C. maintain维持；D. suffer遭受。根据后文“mental health”以及上文提到冲浪是快乐的源泉，说明可以保持心理健康。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他认为失去一块冲浪板就像失去了灵魂的一部分。A. sul灵魂；B. pprtunity机会；C. balance平衡；D. battle战斗。根据上文“Jud Lau, a lngtime surfer, has been building surfbards fr the last 15 years.(Jud Lau是一名资深冲浪爱好者，过去15年来一直在制作冲浪板)”可知，Lau冲浪了很长时间，他认为失去一块冲浪板就像失去了灵魂的一部分。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：为了帮助受害者，Lau开始将那些想要捐赠额外冲浪板的人与那些失去冲浪板的人联系起来。A. bare赤裸的；B. expensive昂贵的；C. extra额外的；D. cmmn共同的。根据后文“bards t thse wh had lst theirs”可知，能捐赠冲浪板的人会有额外的冲浪板。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是许多冲浪者，像Lepre一样，使用定制的板来适应他们的大小或他们所冲的浪的类型。A. adjust适应；B. appeal吸引；C. lead带领；D. subscribe订阅。根据后文“t their size r the type f waves they ride”指使用定制的板来适应他们的大小或他们所冲的浪的类型。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，Lau筹集了大约2万美元来支付为将要赠送的定制板的成型提供材料的费用。A. cut切割；B. analyse分析；C. cver支付……的费用；D. assist帮助。根据后文“the cst f materials fr shaping custm bards”指筹集资金来支付费用。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：因此，Lau筹集了大约2万美元来支付为将要赠送的定制板的成型提供材料的费用。A. give away赠送；B. thrw away扔掉；C. wash away冲走；D. put away收拾。根据上文“Wanting t help the victims, Lau started by cnnecting peple wh wanted t dnate … bards t thse wh had lst theirs.”可知，制作这些冲浪板是为了赠送别人。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，他做了40块冲浪板，每块本来可以售价600到1500美元。A. thus因此；B. mrever此外；C. altgether总共；D. therwise否则，相反。根据后文“have been sld fr $600 t $1,500 each”可知，冲浪板，每块本来可以售价600到1500美元，therwise表示转折。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Lau给她做了一个高性能的板，上面装饰着夕阳从黄色到橙色的渐变。A. sld出售；B. returned返回；C. made制作；D. bught购买。根据上文“he made 40 bards”可知，此处指制作了冲浪板。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Lau给她做了一个高性能的板，上面装饰着夕阳从黄色到橙色的渐变。A. replaced取代；B. decrated装饰的；C. rewarded奖励；D. flded淹没。后文“with a sunset fading frm yellw t range”是冲浪板上的装饰。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：回到水里是我一生中最重要的经历之一。A. unfamiliar不熟悉的；B. significant重要的；C. painful痛苦的；D. peculiar奇怪的。根据上文“Lepre cried while receiving the new bard.(Lepre在收到新板时哭了)”可知，Lepre喜欢冲浪，收到新的冲浪板哭了，可见回到水里的经历很重要。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“Jud把我的精神健康的很大一部分还给了我，”Lepre说，她的声音里充满了感情。A. paid支付；B. called打电话；C. wrte写；D. gifted赠送。根据上文可知，Lau为这些失去冲浪板的人赠送冲浪板，将精神健康返还给了他们。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“Jud把我的精神健康的很大一部分还给了我，”Lepre说，她的声音里充满了感情。A. emtin情绪；B. srrw悲伤；C. regret后悔；D. pressure压力。根据上文“Lepre cried while receiving the new bard.(Lepre在收到新板时哭了)”可知，Lepre的声音里充满了感情。故选A。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Nwadays many f us chse t escape int nature nw and then. ____36____ (explre) nature allws us t catch sight f rare animals and cme acrss special places f ____37____ (beautiful). Of curse, nne f this wuld be pssible withut prtected nature areas. This is ____38____ natinal parks are s imprtant.
Faced ____39____ the prblems f envirnment pllutin and verdevelpment, sme natinal parks have been established t prtect bth natural features and wildlife. A gd example f this is the Sanjiangyuan Natinal Park, which ____40____ (set) up in the suth f China’s Qinghai Prvince in 2000. The park is at ____41____ very high altitude and cntains the surce f the Yangtze River, Lancang River, and Yellw River. It is als hme t many species f plants and birds, alng with animals like Tibetan antelpes, ____42____ (wlf), snw lepards and fxes. In mst areas f the reserve, develpment is strictly frbidden, and any permitted develpment is ___43___ (clse) mnitred.
Up t nw, the prtectin f natural areas ____44____ (draw) much media attentin, and nw mre and mre peple are supprting the idea f ec-friendly develpment. Tday, peple understand that natinal parks are nt just fr ne generatin;they shuld be prtected fr every generatin _____45_____ (cme).
【答案】36. Explring
37. beauty 38. why
39. with 40. was set
41. a 42. wlves
43. clsely
44. has drawn
45. t cme
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章阐述了探索自然离不开自然保护区，从而引出国家公园的重要性这一话题。
【36题详解】
考查动名词。句意：探索大自然可以让我们看到稀有动物并遇到特别的美丽地方。此处用动名词作主语，表示一般性的行为动作，位于句首，故填Explring。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：探索大自然可以让我们看到稀有动物并遇到特别的美丽地方。空格前是介词f，后面需要接名词作宾语，故填beauty。
【38题详解】
考查表语从句。句意：这就是国家公园如此重要的原因。此处是表语从句，用why引导，在从句中作原因状语，故填why。
【39题详解】
考查介词。句意：面对环境污染和过度开发的问题，一些国家公园已经建立起来，以保护自然景观和野生动物。（be）faced with是固定搭配，意为“面临”，故填with。
【40题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：一个很好的例子是 2000 年在中国青海省南部建立的三江源国家公园。which指代先行词the Sanjiangyuan Natinal Park，它与set up之间是被动关系，且时间是2000年，所以要用一般过去时的被动语态，主谓一致，故填was set。
【41题详解】
考查冠词。句意：公园海拔很高，包含长江、澜沧江和黄河的源头。at a very high altitude是固定短语，意为“在很高的海拔高度”，故填a。
【42题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：它也是许多植物和鸟类的家园，以及藏羚羊、狼、雪豹和狐狸等动物。wlf是可数名词，与前面的Tibetan antelpes以及后面的snw lepards和fxes并列，要用复数形式，故填wlves。
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：在保护区的大部分地区，严禁开发，任何允许的开发都受到密切监控。空处使用副词修饰动词mnitred作状语，故填clsely。
【44题详解】
考查现在完成时。句意：迄今为止，自然区域的保护引起了媒体的广泛关注，现在越来越多的人支持生态友好型开发的理念。Up t nw是现在完成时的标志时间状语，主语是the prtectin f natural areas，是单数概念，所以谓语动词用现在完成时的第三人称单数形式，故填has drawn。
【45题详解】
考查不定式。句意：今天，人们明白国家公园不仅仅是一代人的专利；他们应该为子孙后代的每一代人提供保护。此处用动词不定式作后置定语，修饰every generatin，表示“未来的每一代人”，有将来含义，故填t cme。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 近几年网上出现了大批的网红教师，许多学生纷纷在网上追随学习。针对这一现象，你校英文报开设专栏，邀请广大师生参与讨论：Shuld We Fllw Internet Celebrity Teachers? 请你就此话题投稿。
内容包括：（1）阐述现象；（2）分析利弊；（3）你的观点。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Shuld We Fllw Internet Celebrity Teachers?
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Shuld We Fllw Internet Celebrity Teachers?
Recently, a large number f Internet celebrity teachers have emerged nline, attracting students t fllw and learn frm them. On ne hand, these teachers ften have innvative teaching methds and can prvide diverse learning resurces, making study mre engaging. On the ther hand, the quality f their teachings can vary, ptentially leading t misinfrmatin r distractins. In my pinin, while internet celebrity teachers can be beneficial, students shuld be cautius and discern the quality f cntent. It’s imprtant t balance this with traditinal learning t ensure cmprehensive educatin.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。针对学生在网上追随网红教师学习这一现象，以“Shuld We Fllw Internet Celebrity Teachers?”为题给校英文投稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
出现：emerged→ appear
创新的：innvative→ creative
多样的：diverse→ varius
有益的：beneficial→ prfitable
2.句式拓展
同义句替换
原句：It’s imprtant t balance this with traditinal learning t ensure cmprehensive educatin.
同义句：Making sure t balance this with traditinal learning is essential fr cmprehensive educatin.
【点睛】【高分句型1】On ne hand, these teachers ften have innvative teaching methds and can prvide diverse learning resurces, making study mre engaging. (运用了现在分词作状语)
【高分句型2】In my pinin, while internet celebrity teachers can be beneficial, students shuld be cautius and discern the quality f cntent. (运用了while引导的让步状语从句)
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I pushed my cart arund table after table f hungry custmers. “Char siu ba (叉烧包),” I called ut. It was Saturday mrning and a line f custmers had already frmed ut f the dr. Everyne in the neighbrhd knew that Grandma’s restaurant was the place t g fr the warmest tea and the freshest dim sum.
It wasn’t lng befre I was handing ut the last bamb steamer basket. With my cart empty, I tk my break at the tiny table in the alley (小巷) behind the restaurant and was free t enjy sme f Grandma’s cking myself. “I bet n ne can resist the sweet scent f Grandma’s Char siu ba!” But just as I was abut t take my first bite, I nticed smething dd. Our rubbish bins had been kncked ver! Rubbish and half-eaten dim sum littered the grund.
Swallwing my ba, I quickly picked up the mess and headed back int the restaurant t help with the rest f the rush. I frgt all abut the mystery f the kncked-ver bins until I tk ut the rubbish. The garbage bins had tipped ver again!
Culd it have been the wind? As I cleaned up fr a secnd time, I lked at the darkening sky. A strm was heading my way, but the tree branches were barely mving. Determined t avid cleaning up a third time, I fund three heavy rcks and placed them n tp f the bins.
KABOOM! I awke with a surprise early the next mrning. That must be the strm, I thught as I sat up and lked ut f my windw, hping t catch a glimpse f lightning. But instead, I sptted the rubbish bins—kncked ver yet again!
注意：
1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
“Why des this keep happening?” I cmplained when I nticed tw yellw eyes staring at me.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
With the rain picking up, the hungry kitty was t scared t cme ut f the rubbish bin.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】“Why des this keep happening?” I cmplained when I nticed tw yellw eyes staring at me. Emerging frm the rubbish bin was a little gray cat. It was clear nw wh was respnsible fr the mess. The cat pawed at a piece f ba, clearly t hungry t care abut anything else. I had t help. I cllected sme leftver ba and apprached the cat slwly s as nt t scare it away. Just as I gt clse, the clatter f thunder struck, and the cat dashed back int the bin fr cver.
With the rain picking up, the hungry kitty was t scared t cme ut f the rubbish bin. I rushed back inside the restaurant and returned with a small bwl f milk and sme fresh char siu ba. Placing them near the bin, I waited patiently. The tempting scent eventually lured the cat ut, and it began t eat eagerly. Watching it, I smiled and decided we culd have a new friend jining the warm, inviting bustle f Grandma’s place.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，主要讲述了作者周六在奶奶经营的人气餐厅帮忙，发现餐厅外垃圾桶屡次被打翻的神秘事件。作者先是营业间隙看到垃圾桶被打翻，收拾后再次发现其被打翻，作者用石头压住垃圾桶，第二天清晨却发现垃圾桶又一次被弄翻的经历。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“‘为什么这种情况一直发生？’当我注意到两只黄色的眼睛盯着我时，我抱怨道。”可知，第一段可描写从垃圾桶旁出来一直小猫，这只小猫抓着一块包子，看起来很饿，作者给他收集了一些剩下的包子，但是当作者靠近时，小猫被雷声吓跑了。
②由第二段首句内容“随着雨的加剧，这只饥饿的小猫吓得不敢从垃圾桶里出来。”可知，第二段可描写作者跑回餐厅，带着牛奶喝新鲜的叉烧包，放在垃圾桶旁，最终小猫被气味吸引，急切地吃着东西，作者决定将它作为朋友加入奶奶的餐厅。
2.续写线索：黄色眼睛——小猫——包子——收集——靠近——雷声——回到餐厅——食物——吸引——急切——决定
3.词汇激活
行为类
①出现：emerging /appearing /shwing up /cming ut
②收集：cllected /gathered /assembled /picked up
③等待：waited /awaited /expected
情绪类
①害怕的：scare /afraid /frightened /terrified
②耐心的：patiently /patiently /with patience /frbearingly
【点睛】[高分句型1] It was clear nw wh was respnsible fr the mess. (运用了wh引导的主语从句)
[高分句型2] Placing them near the bin, I waited patiently. (运用了现分词作状语)