高中英语外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 5 Revealing nature课后作业题

这是一份高中英语外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 5 Revealing nature课后作业题，共12页。
【教材原句】
The first scientists t examine a preserved platypus bdy judged it a fake in the late 18th century. (教材P49)
【辨析】
两者都有“检查”的意思，但各有侧重。
examine 意思是“检查，审查，检验；考试，测验；仔细观察”等，重在过程，常指检查身体，对知识或技能考试，测验，对协议，稿件和方案的审查，也可指仔细观察/查看。
check 意思是“检查；核对”，强调对已知的事物或成品从数量、质量或完损情况上进行核对和检查，对结果的进一步核实和校验。常指核对已有的数据，材料，单子，或者检查机械类的东西是否完好，是否有故障等。check 即可作名词也可作动词，词义也较多，这里我们只讲做动词且表示“检查，核对”时的用法。
温馨提示：
check with sb. + 从句 向某人核实某事
check in at + 地点 在旅馆，机场等入住、登记等
check ut f + 地点 结账离开某地
【例句呈现】
Check the cntainer fr cracks r leaks.
检验容器是否有裂缝或者漏的地方。
Check the il and water befre setting ff.
出发前应查看一下油和水。
Check yur wrk befre handing it in.
交作业以前先检查一遍。
Cars are checked as they cme ff the prductin line.
汽车下了生产线立即进行校验。
It shuld have been a simple matter t check.
检查核对本来应该是件简单的事情。
Check the terms f the plicy befre yu sign.
仔细阅读保险单的条款后再签字。
The dctr examined her but culd find nthing wrng.
医生给她作了检查，但没发现什么问题。
The students will be examined in all subjects at the end f term.
期末时学生须参加所有学科的考试。
Leaving aside the cst f the scheme, let us examine its benefits.
方案的费用暂且不理，咱们来审查方案的好处。
It is necessary t examine hw the prpsals can be carried ut.
有必要调查一下怎样才能实施这些方案。
We examine the wrding in detail befre deciding n the final text.
我们彻底仔细地检查了措词后才最终定稿。
He pulled the car ver, turned n the interir light, examined the map.
他把车开到路边，打开车内的照明灯查看地图。
【考点过关】
根据check, examine的适当形式填空
1. The schl _______ the students in all subjects last week.
2. We always ________ peple’s addresses as a matter f curse.
3. The insects ________ under magnificatin yesterday.
4. _______ the list f n the side f the package.
5. The agreement _______ minutely already.
6. ________ yur car befre yu drive t make sure that yur lights are wrking.
7. Can my child be medically _______ every year?
8. Yu’d better _______ with Jane what time she’s expecting us tnight.
9. He trained his camera n nature ________ single leaves.
10. It is strngly recmmended that the machines shuld _______ every year.
11. _______ that all windws and drs have been made as secure as pssible.
12. _______ the painful area carefully in an effrt t lcalize the mst tender pint.
【参考答案】
1. examined; 2. check; 3. were examined; 4. Check; 5. has been examined; 6. Check; 7. examined; 8. check; 9. t examine; 10. be checked; 11. Check; 12. Examine
●living；alive；live
【教材原句】
The jurney gave him the chance t study varius living things in their natural envirnments. (教材P51)
【辨析】
三者都有表示“活着的”的意思，但用法有区别：
living 意思是“活着的，健在的, 逼真的，有生命的，活生生的”，可用作表语或定语，可用于人或物。如果在句中位置合适，有时可与alive换用。但living强调“健在，尚在人间”，“当代的”。作“活生生的”讲时，用living；作名词时，意思是“生活，生计”，常构成以下结构：make a living = earn a living; make ne’s living = earn ne’s living 谋生。
alive 意思是“活着的” ，与dead 相对，强调生死界限，可作表语和宾语补足语，作定语时只能作后置定语放在被修饰的名词后面。用于说明人或动植物。
live 意思是“活的；现场直播的”，只作前置定语，主要用于动物、植物，不用于人。
【例句呈现】
The children made their living in the muntain by digging sme wild vegetables.
这些孩子在大山里靠挖野菜卫生。
Physilgy is the study f hw living things wrk.
生理学是研究生物功能的学科。
They’re wrking against time t try and get peple ut f the rubble alive.
他们正在争分夺秒工作，设法把人们从瓦砾中活着救出来。
What chance is there f anybdy being fund alive?
找到生还者的希望有多大？
The pr child lks mre dead than alive.
这孩子看上去半死不活的，真可怜。
Dctrs kept the baby alive fr six weeks.
医生使婴儿活了六周
If it weren’t fr yu, I wuldn’t be alive tday.
如果不是你，我今天不会还活着。
We saw a real live rattlesnake!
我们看见了一条活生生的响尾蛇！
It was the first interview I’d dne in frnt f a live audience.
那是我首次在观众面前做现场采访。
Live cverage f the Wrld Cup is ging n nw.
世界杯赛的实况转播正在进行。
They fund sme live animals in the frest.
他们在森林里发现了大量活着的动物。
In the hspital the number f live births is abut 99%.
这家医院活产婴儿的数量占99%。
【考点过关】
用alive, living和live填空。
1. He was the greatest ________ nvelist in England.
2. The wilderness is a ________ museum f natural histry.
3. Bth plants and animals are ________ things.
4. My first English teacher is still ________.
5. English is a _______ language.
6. He is the greatest scientist _______.
7. Are yur grandparents still _______?
8. In the car accident the mther was killed, but her tw-year-ld sn was fund _______.
9. He bught sme _________ fish.
10. Only a few ________ trees were left after the fire.
11. There is little hpe that they will be fund ________.
12. We dn’t knw whether he’s ________ r dead.
13. There is still a remte chance that they will find her _______.
14. She’s _______ —her heart is still beating.
15. The ld man made a ________ by selling newspaper.
【参考答案】
1. living; 2. living; 3. living; 4. alive/living; 5. living; 6. alive; 7. alive/living; 8. alive; 9. live; 10. live; 11. alive; 12. alive/living; 13. alive; 14. alive/living; 15. living
●appear; seem
【教材原句】
At that time, peple believed that all species had appeared n Earth at the same time, and had nt changed since. (教材P51)
It seemed their beaks had evlved accrding t what fd was available n that particular island. (教材P51)
【辨析】
两者都有“看起来（好像、似乎…）”的意思，一般可以换用，但在个别殊结构用上的用法上有一定的区别。
appear强调自身表现出, 流露出；appear 指外表给人的印象,可能是真象也可能是假象，不确定性更大一些，常用于以下结构或词组中：
= 1 \* GB3 ① appear + n/adj. 似乎/好像…..
= 2 \* GB3 ② appear t be/t d sth. 好像是/做某事
= 3 \* GB3 ③ it appears that从句 好像….
= 4 \* GB3 ④ what appears t be…看起来像….的东西
= 5 \* GB3 ⑤ there appears t be…. 似乎/好像有……
= 6 \* GB3 ⑥ appear ut f nwhere 突然冒出来
= 7 \* GB3 ⑦ appear vernight 一夜之间出现（反义：disappear vernight）
seem 侧重指根据某种迹象作出的推断,也不一定是事实，常用于以下机构中：
= 1 \* GB3 ① seem + n/adj. 似乎/好像….
= 2 \* GB3 ② seem t be/t d sth. 好像是/做某事
= 3 \* GB3 ③ it seems that从句 好像….
= 4 \* GB3 ④ seem like…..看起来像….
= 5 \* GB3 ⑤ it seems as if/thugh…..看起来好像…….
= 6 \* GB3 ⑥ there seem t be….好像有…..
温馨提示：
= 1 \* GB3 ①在seem like…. 和 it seems as if/thugh…..结构中，一般不能换成appear
= 2 \* GB3 ②appear 表示“出现”时，不可与seem 换用
【例句呈现】
One day a stranger appeared n my drstep.
一天，一个陌生人出现在我家门前。
She tried hard t appear/seem (t be) calm at the interview.
面试时她努力让自己显得镇静。
There’s evidence that peple wh have a purpse in life appear/seem t d better.
有证据显示有生活目标的人似乎表现得更加出色。
It seemed like a gd idea.
这主意好像不错。
The thery withut practice seems/appears t be the cars withut mtrs.
没有实践的理论就像没有引擎的汽车。
It seems as if they didn’t care abut Henry’s feelings at all.
他们似乎毫不在乎亨利的感受。
It seemed/appeared that he was lying.
他似乎在撒谎。
Everyne in the picture seems/appears t have put n sme weight, dn’t they?
照片中每个人好像胖了，是不是？
He desn’t seem/appear t be happy.
他看起来不高兴。
She seemed/appeared t have caught a cld.
她好像感冒了。
【考点过关】
用appear, seem的适当形式填空
He _______ t have traveled a lt.
He ________ t be very tired nw.
He ________ t be a gentleman – he was wearing a suit, nt like a thief at all.
It _______ as if he didn’t lve her at all at that time.
It _________ t me that wrking experience is mre imprtant than a degree.
It ________ that he had a taste fr music.
There ________ t be sme disagreement between his wrds and actins at present.
It _______ like rain nw.
【参考答案】
1. seems/appears; 2. seems/appears; 3. appeared/seemed; 4. seemed; 5. seems/
appears; 6. appeared/seemed; 7. seems/appears; 8. seems
●adapt, adpt
【教材原句】
Maybe animals evlved as they adapted t their changing envirnments? (教材P51)
【辨析】
两者词形相似，但意义和用法完全不同。
adapt 修改，改装；改编，改写（使适应新用途或新情况）, 常构成以下结构：
adapt sth. fr sth. 改编/改装/修改使用于……
adapt neself t sth. 使某人适应….
adapt sth. frm sth. 从….改编某物, 被动结构为: sth. be adapted frm….
adapt t…. 适应…..
adpt 采纳，采用，采取；接受，批准；收养, 领养
【例句呈现】
We have had t adapt quickly t the new system.
我们不得不迅速适应新制度。
Three f her nvels have been adapted fr televisin.
她的长篇小说中有三部已改编成电视节目。
Mst f these tls have been specially adapted fr use by disabled peple.
这些工具多数已经过特别改装，供残疾人使用。
They have had t adapt themselves t a war ecnmy.
他们不得不适应战时经济。
The wrld will be different, and we will have t be prepared t adapt t the change
世界会变得不同，我们必须做好准备以适应其变化。
Shelves were built t adapt the library fr use as an ffice.
为将图书馆改作办公室而做了一些架子。
Many crprate methds have been adpted by American managers in imitatin f Japanese practice.
美国的管理人员效仿日本人的做法，采用了很多经营公司的方法。
She was a wnderful mther t bth her natural and adpted children.
她对亲生的和领养的孩子一样好。
The cmpany has adpted a firm plicy n shplifting.
那家公司对店内行窃采取了严厉的措施。
If yu want t imprve yur situatin yu must adpt a psitive mental attitude.
如果你打算改变自己的境遇，就必须树立一种积极的心态。
【考点过关】
用adapt和adpt的适当形式填空
1. Pupils shuld be helped t ________ a psitive apprach t the envirnment.
2. Recently, the film _______ frm a play f the same title.
3. She prduced a TV series abut _______ children.
4. S far, he _______ the play fr the screen.
5. She was frced t have her baby _______.
6. Mary has tried t _______ t lcal custms.
7. All three teams _______ different appraches t the prblem yesterday.
8. It is thrugh ur nervus system that we _______ urselves t ur envirnment.
9. Obviusly, a mre bjective methd f descriptin must _______.
10. Althugh these vegetables _______ well t ur temperate climate, they tend t crp prly.
【参考答案】
1. adpt; 2. has been adapted; 3. adpted; 4. has adapted; 5. adpted; 6. adapt; 7. adpted; 8. adapt; 9. be adpted; 10. adapt
●suspect; dubt
【教材原句】
Darwin suspected that the finches had evlved frm a cmmn ancestr, which had arrived n the islands a lng time befre. (教材P51)
【辨析】
两者都有“怀疑”的意思，但是用法有一定区别。
= 1 \* GB3 ①两者后面接名词、代词或名词性词组时可通用。
= 2 \* GB3 ②两者后面接 that 从句，意思就截然不同。 这时，dubt如果用肯定结构，表示“不相信，怀疑不是那样”，如果用否定结构，则表示“不怀疑，确信”； 而suspect 表示“怀疑，怀疑其有”。
= 3 \* GB3 ③ dubt 后面可以接 whether/if 引导的从句，而suspect不可以。
= 4 \* GB3 ④ 两者构成的短语不同。dubt常构成：dubt f sth 疑惑某事；suspect 常构成以下两个结构：suspect sb./sth. t be…怀疑某人或某物是….； suspect sb f （ding） sth. 怀疑某人某事/做某事。
= 5 \* GB3 ⑤dubt作名词，表示“疑惑”，常构成结构：there is n/little dubt that….毫无疑问…
= 6 \* GB3 ⑥ suspect 作名词是“犯罪嫌疑人”的意思。
【例句呈现】
I dubt/suspect the truth f her statement.
我对她那番话的真实性表示怀疑。
He says he can cure me, but I still dubt/suspect him.
他说他能治好我的病，但我仍对他不放心。
I dubt that he has stlen my watch.
我不相信他偷了我的手表。
I suspect that he has stlen my watch.
我怀疑 / 猜想他偷了我的手表。
I dubt that she is the criminal.
我不相信她是罪犯。
I suspect that she is the criminal.
我怀疑她是罪犯。
The dctr suspected that he was ill with flu.
医生怀疑/认为他得了流感。
I dn’t dubt that he is right.
我确信他是对的。
I didn’t dubt that he wuld cme.
我当时相信他会来的。
Why did she dubt that they were cheats？
她为什么怀疑他们是骗子？
I dubt whether/if he’ll cme.
我不敢肯定他来不来。
It’s raining hard. I dubt whether it will be fine tmrrw.
雨下得很大，我不敢说明天会晴。
She never dubted f his success.
她从不怀疑他的成功。
I suspected him t be the spy.
我认为他就是那个间谋。
What made yu suspect her f having taken the mney？
你凭什么怀疑钱是她偷的？
【考点过关】
用suspect和dubt的适当形式填空。
1. There is n ______ that televisin has greatly changed peple’s lives.
2. I think there is very little ______ that will happen.
3. Others _______ whether/if that wuld happen.
4. There is n _______ that cmputers are very useful in technlgy and business.
5. I _______ whether/if he will marry her.
6. There is n _______ that the increase in demand caused the rise in prices.
7. N ne _______ his ability at that time.
8. The plice _______ him f having a part in the jewel rbbery yesterday.
9. N ne directly invlved with the case _______ him nw.
10. The plice have eliminated tw ______ frm their investigatin.
11. A referendum shwed beynd ______ that vters wanted independence.
12. He ________ that the wman staying in the flat abve was using herin, and s she was.
13. The _______ is currently under cntrl f Xiangtan plice.
14. They ________ me f having a hand in the affair last year.
15. I think there is very little _______ that will happen.
【参考答案】
1. dubt; 2. dubt; 3. dubted; 4. dubt; 5. dubt; 6. dubt; 7. suspected; 8. suspected; 9. suspects; 10. suspects; 11. dubt; 12. suspected; 13. suspect; 14. suspected; 15. dubt
●such as; fr example (= fr instance)
【教材原句】
And in sme mdern stries, such as the film Avatar, trees can cmmunicate with animals and peple. (教材P56)
Fr example (= fr instance), sme pine trees can send fd t smaller pine trees t help them grw. (教材P57)
【辨析】
两者都可用于表示举例事物或情况，有时可互换，有一定区别。
such as 意思是“例如; 像; 象…这样; 诸如…之类”, 相当于like, 可以用来列举一个事物或情况，这时可以和fr example换用，但更多情况下用于列举两个或两个以上的事物或情况，而且不能放在句首和句尾，such as后也不跟逗号，有时such 和as可以分开。
fr example意思是“例如，比如”，相当于fr instance, 一般列举一个事物或情况，fr和example不能分开，fr example后常接逗号，也可不用逗号；fr example或fr instance可以放句首或句尾。
【例句呈现】
Organizatins such as schls and clubs bind a cmmunity tgether.
诸如学校、俱乐部等机构使社区成为一个整体。
The rate is determined by intrinsic qualities such as the land’s slpe.
速度由诸如地面坡度这样的内在因素决定。
Persnal characteristics, such as age and sex are taken int accunt.
个人的特征，如年龄和性别等，都要考虑进去。
Sme huses still lack basic amenities such as bathrms.
有些住宅仍没有像卫生间这样的基本设施。
A business needs insurance against risks such as fire and fld
公司需要上保险以防备火灾、洪灾等风险。
She was invlved in many New Age activities such as yga and healing.
她参加了很多“新时代”活动，如瑜伽和康复法。
Yu have t type in cmmands, such as ‘help’ and ‘print’
你必须输入命令，例如“帮助”或“打印”。
The reprt is incmplete; it des nt include sales in France, fr example.
这份报告不完整，例如在法国的销售情况就没包括进去。
Have they, fr example, demnstrated a cmmitment t demcracy?
例如，他们是否已表现出会致力于民主？
Let us suppse, fr example, that yu are married with tw children.
比方说，我们假设你成家了，还有两个孩子。
Many factrs are imprtant, such as class, gender, age and ethnicity.
许多因素都很重要，如阶级、性别、年龄及民族。
It is pssible t cmbine Cmputer Science with ther subjects, fr example Physics.
将计算机科学与其他学科，如物理学，结合起来是可能的。
There is a similar wrd in many languages, such as in French and in Italian.
许多语言，譬如法语和意大利语，都有相似的词。
There’s cnfusin and resentment, and it’s almst never expressed ut in the pen. Take this ffice, fr example.
有人迷惘，有人憎恨，可是几乎谁也没有公开表达过。就拿这个办公室的人来说吧。
【考点过关】
根据dnate, cntribute 的用法及适当形式填空
1. After talking abut the jb in general, we gt dwn t the specifics, ________ the salary.
2. Carmakers use rbts t d unpleasant jbs, ________ painting cars in ht cnditins.
3. There is a real risk f injury in sprts ________ climbing.
4. There are many big cities in Eurpe, ________, Lndn, Paris and Rme.
5. ________, we are t have less clthes, cal and fd even than we have had and less petrl than we expected.
6. I knw many wmen wh have a career and a family Alisn ________.
7. Great men have risen frm pverty—Lincln and Edisn, ________.
8. Many yung peple are taking radi curses in English. There is the by next dr, ________.
9. Sme sprts, _______ mtr racing, can be dangerus.
10. My wife likes scial activities, ______ tennis and glf.
11. Avid unhealthy fds ______ hamburger and chips.
12. The disease attacks such animals _______ cats and dgs.
13. Each situatin is different. ______, a man with a rich wife desn’t have t wrk.
14. Yu make t many mistakes—lts f spelling mistakes, ______.
15. One f the side effects may be t change the gegraphical distributin f parasitic diseases _______ malaria.
【参考答案】
1. such as / fr example 2. such as / fr example 3. such as / like 4. fr example 5. Fr example 6. fr example 7. fr example 8. fr example; 9. such as/fr example; 10. such as/like; 11. such as/like; 12. as; 13. Fr example; 14. fr example; 15. such as/fr example