外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 5 Revealing nature课后复习题

这是一份外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第一册Unit 5 Revealing nature课后复习题，共7页。
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2019江苏南京期末调研）
When I was in the third grade，we had a hunt at schl. We gathered up chalk，pencils，stnes，and s n, rapidly filling ur checklists. It was a very clse race. I was ut f breath when I reached the clver（三叶草）patch in search f the last，mst hard-t-find item：a fur-leaf clver.
I was pretty sure that I was ging t win. I have always been able t find fur-leaf clvers. I just saw them.
I spent my childhd cllecting and pressing fur-leaf clvers int bks at my mther’s huse. I started with big clth and leather-bund bks. When I ran ut f rmantically bund vlumes, I began t put my treasures int anything I culd find： fictin paperbacks and ckbks. The same is true in my huse tday. Shake a bk, and a papery treasure just might fall int yur hand.
A few years ag, in Nva Sctia, my husband and I pulled ff the rad fr a picnic. The grund was thick with clver. Sme shts had fur, five, even six leaves. I lined them up n the picnic table t admire as my husband, never yet having fund ne fur-leaf clver, lked n in awe. T me, it was simple. The differences in their shapes ppped ut, breaking the pretty pattern f the cnventinal clver with their three perfect leaves.
Tw summers back, while waiting fr an airprt shuttle in Munich，I fund a tiny fur-leaf clver in a traffic circle and put it int my passprt. On the way hme, my husband and I were upgraded t business class. Friends attributed ur gd luck t the clver. I think, it’s mre likely that we were upgraded because a kind custmer service fficer tk pity n us.
Peple disagree abut whether the luck lies in the finding r in the pssessin f a fur-leaf clver. Sme believe that the luck is lst if the fur-leaf clver is even shwn t smebdy else，while thers think the luck dubles if it is given away. I believe that psitivity is increased by sharing. I feel lucky t find the clvers s ften, but I dn’t think they influence my life any mre than it des t share anything a little special—that mmentary clseness between yu and a friend r a stranger, as yu all lean in t wnder at a rare find.
1. Why can the authr ntice fur-leaf clvers s easily?
A. She always has gd luck.
B. She has a special gift fr plants.
C. She practiced a lt in her childhd.
D. She can tell the pattern differences.
2. Hw des the authr deal with her fur-leaf clvers?
A. She ften gives them away.
B. She leaves them everywhere.
C. She treats them with special lve.
D. She admires them with her husband.
3. Hw des the authr understand luck and clvers?
A. The clseness brught by clvers really cunts.
B. Clvers will influence ne’s gd luck a lt.
C. Gdluck means finding r wning a clver.
D. Gdluck may duble if yu give clvers away.
4. Whatmay be the best title fr the passage?
A. Hunting clvers
B. Sharing clvers
C. Nt just fr luck
D. Just fr luck
B
(2020湖南湘潭模拟）
A dragnfly barely an inch and a half lng appears t be the animal wrld’s mst prductive lng distance traveler—flying thusands f miles ver ceans as it migrates frm cntinent t cntinent— accrding t a newly published research.
Bilgists wh led the study say the evidence is in the genes. They fund that ppulatins f this dragnfly, called Pantala flavescens, in Texas, eastern Canada, Japan, Krea, India, and Suth America, have genes s similar that there is nly ne likely explanatin. Apparently—smehw—these insects are traveling distances that are extrardinarily lng fr their small size, breeding (繁殖)with each ther, and creating a cmmn wrldwide gene pl.
But hw d insects frm different cntinents manage t meet and hk up? Ware says it appears t be the way their bdies have evlved. “These dragnflies have adaptatins such as increased surface areas n their wings that enable them t use the wind t carry them.”
Dragnflies，in fact，have already been bserved crssing the Indian Ocean frm Asia t Africa. “They are fllwing the weather,” says Daniel Trast, wh analyzed the DNA samples in Ware’s lab. “They’re ging frm India where it’s the dry seasn t Africa where it’s the wet seasn, and apparently they d it nce a year.”
Wetness is a must fr Pantala t reprduce，and that, says Ware, is why these insects wuld be driven t even attempt such a dangerus trip，which she calls a “kind f suicide.” The species depends n it. While many will die n the rute，as lng as enugh make it, the species survives.
Fr the mment, the details f this extrardinary insect travel are a best educated guess. Much mre wrk is needed t bring many lse ends tgether. Ware and Trast hpe that scientists can wrk n pltting thse rutes.
5. Whatprves Pantala flavescens are the wrld’s lngest-distance flyers?
A. Scientists have tracked the dragnfly acrss the wrld.
B. Thereare many Pantala flavescens in varius cntinents.
C. The same dragnfly was fund bth in Asia and America.
D. Pantala flavescens in different cntinents have similar genes.
6. Whathelps Pantala flavescens fly ver s lng distance?
A. Theirspecial bdy shape.
B. Theirability t use wind.
C. Their small and light bdys.
D. Theirlarge and strng wings.
7. Whatis necessary fr Pantala flavescens t reprduce?
A. Damp weather.
B. Enugh sunshine.
C. Dry envirnment.
D. Warm nests.
8. What des the underlined wrd “it” in Paragraph 5 refer t?
A. The weather.
B. The insect.
C. The wind.
D. The trip.
Ⅱ.语法填空
(2019湖南部分学校高一质检）
With seasnal temperatures breaking recrds almst every year，tree species 1 (expect) t adapt t the changes by slwly shifting their ppulatin centers nrthward. But 2 recent survey shws the trend twards westward mvement is even 3( strng ) than expected—in sme cases, species have shifted their ranges t west by as much as 73 percent.
The survey shws that rughly three quarters f the 86 tree species 4(survey) have shifted their ppulatin centers westward 5 1980.
Obviusly, trees aren’t uprting 6(them) and mving elsewhere. The survey prvides insights int general ppulatin trends as yung trees cntinue t take rt in westward land，while sme f the lder 7 (plant) f the species in the eastern areas are slwly dying ut. In this way, the center f a species range can gradually shift ver time.
Thugh scientists aren’t sure 8 is causing this change, the publishers f the study think that it’s cnnected t rainfall. Rainfall ttals acrss the United States have changed, 9 (cause) areas such as the Sutheast t experience significantly less rain annually, while the Great Plains is getting far mre than its histrical average. Fr this reasn, mst trees are mving tward the 10 (increasing) watery plains.
1. __________ 2. _________ 3. __________ 4. __________ 5. __________
6. __________ 7. __________ 8. __________ 9. __________ 10. __________
参考答案：
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
A
语篇解读:文章属于记叙文。作者从小到大一直喜欢收集四叶草，并能够比别人更容易地找出四叶草。有些人认为，如果四叶草被展示给别人看，运气就会丧失；而另一些人则认为，如果将四叶草送给别人，运气就会加倍。作者相信分享会增加积极性，找到四叶草并和别人分享的那种亲密感才是重要的。
1. D 细节理解题。由第四段中Tme，it was simple. The differences in their shapes ppped ut，breaking the pretty pattern f the cnventinal clver with their three perfect leaves可知，它们形状的差异会突显出来，打破了传统三叶草美丽的形状。所以作者能辨别三叶草和四叶草的形状的区别。
2. C 推理判断题。由第三段可以看出作者非常乐于收集四叶草；第五段中介绍了作者在机场看见一片小的四叶草也会夹在护照里；在作者眼中，四叶草是她的“treasure”并乐于向丈夫、朋友分享。由此可以判断出作者对四叶草有着特别的爱。
3. A 细节理解题。由最后一段中I dn’t think they influence my life any mre than it des t share anything a little special that mmentary clseness between yu and a friend r a stranger，as yu all lean in t wnder at a rare find.判断出作者认为四叶草带来的亲密感才是重要的。
4. C 主旨大意题。作者通过自己的经历，旨在表达并不只是四叶草能带来幸运，找到四叶草并和别人分享的那种亲密才是最重要的。故C选项“不只是运气”为短文的最佳标题。
B
语篇解读:文章属于说明文，介绍了一种长途飞行的蜻蜓Pantala flavescens。这种蜻蜓冒险长途飞行的原因是它的繁殖需要湿润的气候。
5. D 推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，领导这项研究的生物学家说基因就是证据。Pantala flavescens蜻蜓在不同的洲有可能留有后代，才会有相似的基因。反过来，在不同的洲有共同的基因，证明了它们曾飞到过那儿，也就证明了这种蜻蜓是长途飞行者。
6. B 推理判断题。根据第三段中的 These dragnflies have adaptatins such as increased surface areas n their wings that enable them t use the wind t carry them. 可知这些蜻蜓适应性强，比如翅膀上表面积的增加，使它们能够利用风来飞行。故B项（运用风飞行的能力）正确。
7. A 细节理解题。根据第五段首句中的 Wetness is a must fr Pantala t reprduce可知这种蜻蜓的繁殖必须要湿润的气候。
8. D 推理判断题。根据第五段内容可知，对于这种昆虫来说，这种危险的旅行是自杀式行为。虽然许多昆虫会死在途中，但这种物种依靠这种旅行生存下来。从后面一句Whle many will die n the rute，as lng as enugh make it，the species survives. 可知，it指的是上文的危险旅行。
Ⅱ. 语法填空
语篇解读：本文属于说明文，主要讲述由于季节性气温的变化，树种也在向北转移来适应这些变化。科学家们不确定是什么导致了这一变化，已出版的研究认为它与降雨有关。
1. are expected 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。根据后文可知此处应用一般现在时。tree species与 expect之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，又因主语表示复数。故填 are expected。
2. a 考查冠词。分析句子可知，此处表示泛指，故填a。
3. strnger 考查形容词比较级。根据than可知，要用形容词比较级作表语。
4. surveyed 考查非谓语动词。句意：这项调查显示，自1980年以来，86个被调查的树种中大约有四分之三的树种已经将它们的种群中心向西转移了。分析句子可知，本句中的tree species与 survey之间为被动关系，所以要用过去分词surveyed作后置定语。
5. since 考查介词。从句中用了现在完成时，根据设空处后面的1980可知，此处应填 since。
6. themselves 考查反身代词。句意：很明显，树木不会把它们自己（themselves）连根拔起然后移动到别的地方。分析语境可知，此处表示树木把它们自己（themselves）连根拔起。
7. plants 考查名词。根据 sme f the lder可知，应该用复数形式。
8. what 考查名词性从句。句意：尽管科学家们不确定是什么造成了这种变化，但这项研究的出版者认为这与降雨有关本句中sure后的宾语从句中缺少主语，故用what引导宾语从句。
9. causing 考查非谓语动词。句意：美国各地的降雨总量发生了变化，导致东南部等地区每年降水量显著减少……。由此可判断，前面的降雨量的变化，自然而然地导致了东南部等地总降水量的减少，故要用动词的ing形式作状语。
10. increasingly 考查副词。此处修饰形容词要用副词形式，而increasing是形容词，因此要用其副词形式 increasingly。