高中英语外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第四册Unit 2 Lessons in life一课一练

这是一份高中英语外研版 (2019)选择性必修 第四册Unit 2 Lessons in life一课一练，共13页。
【教材原句】
While we are living, we tend t get distracted by unimprtant things, such as gathering material pssessins. (教材P15)
【辨析】
两者都可用于表示举例事物或情况，有时可互换，有一定区别。
such as 意思是“例如; 像; 象…这样; 诸如…之类”, 相当于like, 可以用来列举一个事物或情况，这时可以和fr example换用，但更多情况下用于列举两个或两个以上的事物或情况，而且不能放在句首和句尾，such as后也不跟逗号，有时such 和as可以分开。
fr example意思是“例如，比如”，相当于fr instance, 一般列举一个事物或情况，fr和example不能分开，fr example后常接逗号，也可不用逗号；fr example或fr instance可以放句首或句尾。
【例句呈现】
Organizatins such as schls and clubs bind a cmmunity tgether.
诸如学校、俱乐部等机构使社区成为一个整体。
The rate is determined by intrinsic qualities such as the land's slpe.
速度由诸如地面坡度这样的内在因素决定。
Persnal characteristics, such as age and sex are taken int accunt.
个人的特征，如年龄和性别等，都要考虑进去。
Sme huses still lack basic amenities such as bathrms.
有些住宅仍没有像卫生间这样的基本设施。
A business needs insurance against risks such as fire and fld
公司需要上保险以防备火灾、洪灾等风险。
She was invlved in many New Age activities such as yga and healing.
她参加了很多“新时代”活动，如瑜伽和康复法。
Yu have t type in cmmands, such as 'help' and 'print'
你必须输入命令，例如“帮助”或“打印”。
The reprt is incmplete; it des nt include sales in France, fr example.
这份报告不完整，例如在法国的销售情况就没包括进去。
Have they, fr example, demnstrated a cmmitment t demcracy?
例如，他们是否已表现出会致力于民主？
Let us suppse, fr example, that yu are married with tw children.
比方说，我们假设你成家了，还有两个孩子。
Many factrs are imprtant, such as class, gender, age and ethnicity.
许多因素都很重要，如阶级、性别、年龄及民族。
It is pssible t cmbine Cmputer Science with ther subjects, fr example Physics.
将计算机科学与其他学科，如物理学，结合起来是可能的。
There is a similar wrd in many languages, such as in French and in Italian.
许多语言，譬如法语和意大利语，都有相似的词。
There's cnfusin and resentment, and it's almst never expressed ut in the pen. Take this ffice, fr example.
有人迷惘，有人憎恨，可是几乎谁也没有公开表达过。就拿这个办公室的人来说吧。
【考点过关】
根据such as; fr example填空
1. After talking abut the jb in general, we gt dwn t the specifics, ________ the salary.
2. Carmakers use rbts t d unpleasant jbs, ________ painting cars in ht cnditins.
3. There is a real risk f injury in sprts ________ climbing.
4. There are many big cities in Eurpe, ________, Lndn, Paris and Rme.
5. ________, we are t have less clthes, cal and fd even than we have had and less petrl than we expected.
6. I knw many wmen wh have a career and a family Alisn ________.
7. Great men have risen frm pverty—Lincln and Edisn, ________.
8. Many yung peple are taking radi curses in English. There is the by next dr, ________.
9. Sme sprts, _______ mtr racing, can be dangerus.
10. My wife likes scial activities, ______ tennis and glf.
11. Avid unhealthy fds ______ hamburger and chips.
12. The disease attacks such animals _______ cats and dgs.
13. Each situatin is different. ______, a man with a rich wife desn't have t wrk.
14. Yu make t many mistakes—lts f spelling mistakes, ______.
15. One f the side effects may be t change the gegraphical distributin f parasitic diseases _______ malaria.
【参考答案】
1. such as / fr example 2. such as / fr example 3. such as / like 4. fr example 5. Fr example 6. fr example 7. fr example 8. fr example; 9. such as/fr example; 10. such as/like; 11. such as/like; 12. as; 13. Fr example; 14. fr example; 15. such as/fr example
●keep/stay in tuch with…; get in tuch with….; lse tuch with….
【教材原句】
I guess that’s ne f the lessns f the bk—always keep in tuch with the gd peple yu meet as yu g thrugh life. (教材P15)
Mrrie’s reflectins n lve and friendship made me think abut my life and all the gd friends that I’ve lst tuch with alng the way. (教材P15)
【辨析】
两者都有“与人联系”的意思，但用法有区别。
keep in tuch with…. 意思是“与某人保持联系”，强调原来已经有联系，而且这种联系没有间断，可以与表示时间段的时间状语联系。
get in tuch with…. 意思是“与…..取得联系”，反义词组是lse tuch with….，强调瞬间动作，一般不与表示时间段的时间状语连用。
温馨提示：句子中不出现具体时间状语时，两者可根据具体语境互换。
lse tuch with….意思是“与….失去联系”，不能和时间段连用。
【例句呈现】
I'm definitely ging t get in tuch with these peple.
我肯定会跟这些人取得联系。
I want t explre and get in tuch with my inner self
我想认真探寻、了解内心的自我。
I tried t get in tuch with yu last night, but I think yu were ut.
我昨晚想要和你联系，但好像你不在家里。
I will get in tuch with slicitrs abut this.
我会就此事与律师联系。
Yu might get in tuch with him.
你不妨同他联系一下。
I shall get in tuch with him tmrrw.
我明天和他接头。
Dn't frget t keep in tuch with yur teachers and classmates after yu graduate.
毕业后别忘了和你的老师和同学保持联系。
He needed t keep in tuch with her at all times.
他需要随时和她保持联系。
It is imprtant t keep in tuch with the latest research.
及时掌握最新研究情况很重要。
Keep in tuch with me.
随时跟我保持联系。
Wuld allw us t keep in tuch with ne anther,
将会使我们与他人联系
Yu can keep in tuch with yur friends n matter where and when.
通过手机，你可以随时随地与朋友保持联系。
【考点过关】
用get in tuch with…和keep in tuch with…的适当形式填空。
1. Everyne is suppsed ________ their feelings.
2. We must ________ each ther all the time.
3. We have lst tuch with Tm, s we are nw sending Cmrade Zhang alng _______ him.
4. Fr a lng time, it's the way they _________ their friends.
5. When yu get t New Yrk, yu might ________ a friend f mine first.
6. D yu still _______ yur parents regularly fr these years?
7. He prmised t _______ us as sn as he returned frm Eurpe.
8. We like the fact that ur staff _______ each ther all the time, thrugh persnal phne calls and emails.
9. Frtunately, I managed ________ Mary and sent her a pht.
10. I still _______ with my teachers, and this Chinese New Year I visited Mr. Dan.
11. If yu are interested in vlunteering, then _______ us at nce.
12. I'm definitely ging ________ these peple.
13. I ________ the cmpany's custmer service fr many years.
14. I think that yu shuld ________ yur relatives.
【参考答案】
1. t get in tuch with/t keep in tuch with; 2. keep in tuch with; 3. t get in tuch with; 4. keep in tuch with; 5. get in tuch with; 6. keep in tuch with; 7. get in tuch with; 8. keep in tuch with; 9. t get in tuch with; 10. keep in tuch; 11. get in tuch with; 12. t get in tuch with/t keep in tuch with; 13. have been keeping in tuch with; 14. get in tuch with/keep in tuch with
●主语 + used t d; 主语 + be/get used t ding sth.; 主语 + be used t d sth.
【教材原句】
Mst f the characters in his stries are animals, the qualities f which Aesp used t reflect human traits and wisdm. (教材P17)
【辨析】
主语 + used t d sth. 表示“过去常常”，说明过去经常发生的动作或存在的状态，但现在已经不那样做或已经不存在了。其中的t是不定式符号,后面要接动词原形。它只有过去式一种形式,可以用于所有人称。
主语 + be/get used t sth./ding sth. 表示“习惯于做某事”，t是介词，后面接名词、代词或动名词，be是系动词,可以用于过去、现在、将来的多种时态, 还可以用get, becme等词来代替。
主语 + be used t d sth. =主语 + be used fr ding sth. 表示“被用来做某事”，是use sth. t d sth. 和use sth. fr ding sth.的被动结构。
温馨提示：
= 1 \* GB3 ①used t d sth. 的疑问式为Did … use t …? 或Used … t …? 构成；否定式为didn’t use t d sth. 或 usedn’t t d sth.
= 2 \* GB3 ② there used t be… 表示“过去有….”
【例句呈现】
This pwerful drug is used t tranquilize patients underging surgery.
这种强效药剂被用来麻醉手术病人。
The test is used t diagnse a variety f diseases.
此项化验可用于诊断多种疾病。
They used t buy ten kils f beef in ne lump.
他们过去常买10公斤重的整块牛肉。
The ld-timers used t recall hw ht 1886 was.
老人们常常回想起1886年的酷热。
I used t watch TV, but nw I dn’t like it.
我过去常常看电视,但现在不喜欢了。
He didn’t use / used nt t g hme by bus.
他过去不常坐公共汽车回家。
-- Did yu use t be a teacher? / Used yu t be a teacher? 你过去是老师吗?
-- Yes, I did. 是的。
There used t be an ld temple behind my huse, didn’t there?
过去我家房子后面有一个古寺，是吗？
He is used t air travel.
他习惯坐飞机旅行。
She is nt used t eating Chinese fd.
她不习惯吃中餐。
Yu’ll sn be/get/becme used t ur way f living.
你不久就会习惯我们的生活方式的。
Wd is ften used t make desks and chairs.
木材常常被用来制作桌椅。
Cal can be used t keep warm.
煤可以用来取暖。
I am used t getting up early.
我习惯早起。
【考点过关】
根据“主语 + used t d; 主语 + be/get used t ding sth.; 主语 + be used t d sth. ”用法填空
1. My cusin is used t ________ (study) with his new friends in Australia.
2. I never used t ___________ (eat) cakes, but I eat a lt nw.
3. My mther is used t ________ (get) up early t ck breakfast fr us.
4. I used t ___________ (g) swimming n Saturdays.
5. Jim has lived in Australia fr tw years. He is used t _________ (drive) n the left.
6. Didn’t she use t ____________ (live) in Germany?
7. Yu’ll sn get used t ___________ (live) in the cuntry.
8. I’m nt used t _____________ (treat) like this.
9. My parents used t ________ (get) up at 7, but nw they get up at 6 and ck breakfast fr me.
10. Knives are used fr _________ (cut) things.
【参考答案】
1. studying; 2. eat; 3. getting; 4. g; 5. driving; 6. live; 7. living; 8. being treated; 9. get; 10. cutting
●widely；wide (副词)
【教材原句】
Maeterlinck wrte many plays, but The Blue Bird was the mst ppular and has been widely translated and adapted all ver the wrld Perfrmed in 1921 in Shanghai by Chinese students, it was the first freign play staged in China. (教材P20)
【辨析】
widely 副词，表示“广泛地，普遍地，相差甚远地”，强调程度，无法测量出实际宽度。
wide 做副词时表示“宽，宽地”，强调实际的具体的宽，可以测量出具体数值。wide awake 完全醒着；far and wide到处，四面八方，都是习惯短语。
【例句呈现】
The champinship is still wide pen.
谁将获得冠军还难以预料。
The flwers spread their fragrance far and wide.
花儿的芳香散发到四面八方。
Open yur muth wide, s that I may see clearly what's wrng with yur teeth.
把嘴张大些,以便我能看清楚你的牙齿有什么毛病。
The dr was wide pen.
门敞开着。
He was standing with his feet wide apart.
他站在那儿，两脚分开的距离很大。
He has traveled widely.
他曾在广泛地区旅行。
The mst widely distributed is the Hui peple.
分布最广的是回族。
Gas is nw widely used fr cking and heating.
现在普遍用煤气烧饭和取暖。
That the attempt t save her had failed sn became widely knwn.
想救她而未救成，此事不久已尽人皆知。
The cnversatin ranged widely.
谈话内容十分广泛。
Prices vary widely frm shp t shp.
各家商店价格悬殊很大。
Sciety is made up f peple f widely differing abilities.
社会是由能力迥异的人组成的。
In bed he lay wide awake.
他睡意全无地躺在床
【考点过关】
用wide和widely填空。
1. We must publicize the meeting ________.
2. The river runs ______
3. The schl is _______ admired fr its excellent teaching.
4. He pened the windw _______.
5. He is _______ acknwledged as the best player in the wrld.
6. I want t travel far and ________.
7. Garlic is ________ used in Chinese flk medicine.
8. His name has spread far and ________ and becme mre and mre celebrated with the passing f time.
9. The idea is nw ________ accepted.
10. Thse ld peple lay in bed _______ awake all night lng.
【参考答案】
1. widely; 2. wide; 3. widely; 4. wide; 5. widely; 6. wide; 7. widely; 8. wide; 9. widely; 10. wide
●adapt, adpt
【教材原句】
Maeterlinck wrte many plays, but The Blue Bird was the mst ppular and has been widely translated and adapted all ver the wrld Perfrmed in 1921 in Shanghai by Chinese students, it was the first freign play staged in China. (教材P20)
【辨析】
两者词形相似，但意义和用法完全不同。
adapt 修改，改装；改编，改写（使适应新用途或新情况）, 常构成以下结构：
adapt sth. fr sth. 改编/改装/修改使用于……
adapt neself t sth. 使某人适应….
adapt sth. frm sth. 从….改编某物, 被动结构为: sth. be adapted frm….
adapt t…. 适应…..
adpt 采纳，采用，采取；接受，批准；收养, 领养
【例句呈现】
We have had t adapt quickly t the new system.
我们不得不迅速适应新制度。
Three f her nvels have been adapted fr televisin.
她的长篇小说中有三部已改编成电视节目。
Mst f these tls have been specially adapted fr use by disabled peple.
这些工具多数已经过特别改装，供残疾人使用。
They have had t adapt themselves t a war ecnmy.
他们不得不适应战时经济。
The wrld will be different, and we will have t be prepared t adapt t the change
世界会变得不同，我们必须做好准备以适应其变化。
Shelves were built t adapt the library fr use as an ffice.
为将图书馆改作办公室而做了一些架子。
Many crprate methds have been adpted by American managers in imitatin f Japanese practice.
美国的管理人员效仿日本人的做法，采用了很多经营公司的方法。
She was a wnderful mther t bth her natural and adpted children.
她对亲生的和领养的孩子一样好。
The cmpany has adpted a firm plicy n shplifting.
那家公司对店内行窃采取了严厉的措施。
If yu want t imprve yur situatin yu must adpt a psitive mental attitude.
如果你打算改变自己的境遇，就必须树立一种积极的心态。
【考点过关】
用adapt和adpt的适当形式填空
1. Pupils shuld be helped t ________ a psitive apprach t the envirnment.
2. Recently, the film _______ frm a play f the same title.
3. She prduced a TV series abut _______ children.
4. S far, he _______ the play fr the screen.
5. She was frced t have her baby _______.
6. Mary has tried t _______ t lcal custms.
7. All three teams _______ different appraches t the prblem yesterday.
8. It is thrugh ur nervus system that we _______ urselves t ur envirnment.
9. Obviusly, a mre bjective methd f descriptin must _______.
10. Althugh these vegetables _______ well t ur temperate climate, they tend t crp prly.
【参考答案】
1. adpt; 2. has been adapted; 3. adpted; 4. has adapted; 5. adpted; 6. adapt; 7. adpted; 8. adapt; 9. be adpted; 10. adapt
●be cmpsed f….= be cmprised f….= be made up f….= cnsist f…;be made f….; be made frm….;
【教材原句】
Despite its widespread recgnitin, my first impressin was that Tuesdays with Mrrie is just made up f a cllectin f ver-emtinal thughts and messages, many f which are repeated. (教材P15)
The Blue Bird is a typical full-length play, which means it has several acts and each act is cmpsed f several scenes. (教材P22)
【辨析】
be cmpsed f….= be cmprised f….= be made up f….= cnsist f…意思是“由….组成/构成”，表示由若干部分组成。
be made f…. 意思是“由….做成”，一般所成之物可以看出原材料。
be made frm… 意思是“由….制成”，所成之物一般看不出原材料。
【例句呈现】
It may be cmpsed f multiple persn recrds frm different surce systems.
它可能会包含来自不同源系统的多人记录。
Each grup shuld be cmpsed f at least ten members.
这个团队应该组成一个三人团队。
Sme cmpsite applicatins may be cmpsed f several pages.
某些复合应用程序可能由一些页面组成。
Facial perceptin can be cmpsed f face analysis and synthesis.
人脸感知可由分析与合成人脸两部分构成。
In sme cnditins the new manufacture system can be cmpsed f many atm enterprises.
它可以同其它原子企业在一定的外界条件下构成一种新的生产体系结构。
In an assembly, services can be cmpsed f ther services.
在装配中，服务可由其他服务组装而成。
Services can be cmpsed f ther services.
服务可由其它的服务来组成。
Navy must be cmpsed f surface ship unit and submarine unit.
海军一定是由水面舰艇部队和潜艇部队组成。
The traffic accident crime subjective element shall nly be cmpsed f fault.
The develpment will cnsist f 66 dwellings and a number f ffices.
新建楼区将由66栋住房和一些办公用房组成。
The divisin will cnsist f tw tank cmpanies and ne infantry cmpany
这个师的组成部队将包括两个坦克连和一个步兵连。
The lungs cnsist f millins f tiny air sacs.
肺由数百万个小气囊组成。
A healthy diet shuld cnsist f whlefd.
健康饮食应由全天然食物构成。
All bdies cnsist f mlecules and mlecules cnsist f atms.
一切物质都由分子组成，而分子由原子组成。
Mst f them cnsist f nly ne cell.
他们中大部分是单细胞生物。
In shrt, the building wuld cnsist f tw flrs.
简而言之，办公楼将由两层构成。
The pipes shuld be made f plastic.
这些管子应该是用塑料制作的。
These huses are made f bricks.
这些房屋是砖造的。
The wine is made frm grapes.
酒是用葡萄酿的。
Butter is made frm milk.
奶油是用牛奶做的。
The fruit can be made int jam.
这种水果可以制成果酱。
Her bestseller 'Peachtree Rad' is sn t be made int a televisin mini-series.
她的畅销小说《桃树路》不久将被拍成一部电视系列短剧。
The new R& D centre will be made up f bth new and existing staff.
这家新研发中心所需的人手将来自新招募的员工和现有员工。
Plat cnjectured each f these elements t be made up f a certain Platnic slid.
柏拉图推测每一种元素都是由某些理想立方体组成。
As with the first tw seasns, the third will mst likely be cmprised f 10 parts, which will bring its verall cunt t 30.
和前两季一样，第三季很可能由10集组成，总集数将达到30集。
While it was believed that they were a single species, recent research indicates that they may, in fact, be cmprised f several different species f Orca.
此前一直认为虎鲸只有一种，但最近的调查显示虎鲸种类繁多。
【考点过关】
根据be made f….; be made frm….; be made up f….; be cmprised f….用法填空
1. These pellets （可燃球）will be made _______ varius metals and elements s that they give ff different clrs.
2. The taps appeared t be made _______ slid gld.
3. They used t be made _________ pigskin.
4. But thse piles f metals in the warehuses(仓库) are waiting t be made _____ pipes.
5. Hydratin is an essential part f maintaining beautiful skin, and cucumbers happen t be made up ______ abut 96 percent water-mre than mst slid fds, including watermeln.
6. Then it will be made ______ strawberry-flavred, chclate-cated fudge(草莓牛奶巧克力夹心软糖).
7. These studies may be cmprised ______ either basic animal r human research r bth.
8. The full text is suppsed t be cmprised ______ five parts in detailed elabratin.
【参考答案】
1. frm; 2. f; 3. f; 4. int; 5. f; 6. int; 7. f; 8. f