初中英语外研版（2024）九年级上册Unit 3 Language in use学案设计

这是一份初中英语外研版（2024）九年级上册Unit 3 Language in use学案设计，共20页。
知识精讲
上一模块，我们详细学习了被动语态的概念、用法、主被动转换法以及一般现在时的被动语态的结构变化。
本模块，我们继续接着讲一般过去时的被动语态。
被动语态的基本结构“主语+be+及物动词的过去分词”，时态和人称数的变化体现在助动词be上。
所以，一般过去时的被动语态中，只要把be动词变成过去式was/were, was/were的选择看主语的单复数。
故，一般过去时被动语态的基本结构是：主语+was/were+及物动词的过去分词+（by+动作执行者）+其他。
一般过去时的被动语态的结构变化：
(这里我们用dne表示及物动词的过去分词)
The picture was drawn by Simn yesterday.这幅画是Simn昨天画的。
The picture was nt drawn by Simn yesterday. 这幅画不是Simn昨天画的。
Was the picture drawn by Simn yesterday? 这幅画是Simn昨天画的吗？
What was drawn by Simn yesterday? Simn昨天画了什么？（昨天什么被Simn画了？）
带有复合宾语的主动语态变为被动语态
带有复合宾语(宾语+宾语补足语)的主动语态变为被动语态时,只把宾语变为被动语态的主语, 然后把动词变成be+dne的形式就可以了，而原来的宾语补足语不变。此类结构常见的有：advise sb t d sth; allw sb t d sth.; encurage sb. t d sth.; ask sb. t d sth.; tell sb. t d sth. teach sb. t d sth.; warn sb. t d sth.等等。
The sprts schl encuraged Liu Xiang t train fr the high jump. 体校鼓励刘翔训练跳高。
Liu Xiang was encuraged (by the sprts schl) t train fr the high jump. 刘翔被（体校）鼓励训练跳高。
【注意】这样的句子往往不提动作的执行者， 因为被动语态最大的特点就是强调动作的承受者。
同步练习
语法专练-一般过去时的被动语态
（50道语法单项选择题）
题组A 基础过关练
Hunger Games ________ by Suzanne Cllins in 2008.
A. wrteB. writesC. is writtenD. was written
Thanks t the gvernment, several new primary schls ________ in my hmetwn last year.
A. buildB. builtC. are builtD. were built
A new hspital ________in the village by the gvernment last year.
A. buildsB. builtC. is builtD. was built
The bridge by the farmers themselves in 2010.What a challenging task!
A. builtB. was buildingC. was builtD. will build
—Hw many cakes can I have, Mum?
—Nne, dear. They ______ fr yur father.
A. prepareB. preparedC. have preparedD. were prepared
A new schl ______ last term.
A. fundB. was fundedC. will fundD. have fund
Jerry __________ t stay at hme just nw.
A. tellsB. tldC. is tldD. was tld
Gina went t the dctr’s yesterday and she ________ t take medicine n time.
A. tldB. is tldC. was tldD. has tld
These cups ____in Jingdezhen 100 years ag.
A. make B. made C. are made D. were made
A new factry t deal with water pllutin last mnth.
A. builtB. buildsC. was builtD. is built
—Perfect phts! Gd skills!
—Thank yu. They______ by my Huawei mbile phne.
A. tkB. were takenC. will be takenD. are taking
Last year, a new ld peple's hme_______in ur cmmunity.
A. builds B. built C. is built D. was built
The China-Russia crss-river railway bridge _______ n August 17th,2021.
A. finishedB. is finishedC. was finishedD. was finishing
A new airprt ______ in the suth f ur city last year. It is very cnvenient t g there.
A. builtB. will buildC. was builtD. will be built
Jack ______ because he drve withut a driver's license.
A. punishesB. punishedC. will punishedD. was punished
Jenny is a respnsible persn, s she ______ as the vlunteer leader in ur cmmunity a few days ag.
A. chsesB. chseC. is chsenD. was chsen
Many flwers ________ alng the streets during the last APEC meeting.
A. plantB. will plantC. are plantedD. were planted
We have saved much time and mney since the new machines ______ t ur factry.
A. are brughtB. were brughtC. have brughtD. brught
—The washing machine _______ yesterday. It wrks nw.
—Thank yu.
A. repairedB. will repairC. has repairedD. was repaired
—Can yu tell me whm the bk _______?
​​​​​​​—Srry, I dn’t knw.
A. was writtenB. was written byC. is writtenD. has written by
These gifts ______ by children in their last summer hlidays.
A. madeB. were madeC. makeD. are made
Since a new rad ______ tw years ag, this village has develped very fast.
A. buildsB. builtC. is builtD. was built
Twenty thusand bks ______ last week. Yu can buy them in the bkstre nw.
A. printB. printedC. is printedD. were printed
—Oh, the rm is t dirty, Tny!
—Srry, Mm. It ________ yesterday. I frgt t d it.
A. wasn't cleanedB. isn't cleanedC. was cleanedD. didn't clean
Nanjing held the 2nd Yuth Olympic Games in 2014. D yu knw where the 1st YOG ________?
A. will hldB. will be heldC. heldD. was held
—This car lks ld.
—Lk at the sign. It says the car ______ in 1975.
A. makesB. madeC. is madeD. was made
A mnkey escaped frm the z last mnth. But several days later, it ______.
A. catchesB. caughtC. is caughtD. was caught
—Did yu and yur sister g t Miss Brwn's party yesterday?
—N, neither f us ______.
A. invitedB. is invitedC. was invited D. invites
Gina went t the dctr's yesterday and she ______ t take medicine n time.
A. tldB. is tldC. was tldD. has tld
The mbile phne has influenced peple's life a lt since it ______.
A. inventsB. inventedC. has inventedD. was invented
题组B 能力提升练
A lt f trees __________ in the park last year.
A. plantB. are plantedC. were plantedD. will plant
Gina went t the dctr's yesterday and she ______ abut the imprtance f gd living habits nce mre.
A. tldB. is tldC. was tldD. has tld
The high-speed railway ​ in this city last year. It is easier fr peple t travel nw.
A. will buildB. will be builtC. was builtD. built
In ancient Thailand, white elephants ______ t be a gift frm the gds.
A. thinksB. thughtC. are thughtD. were thught
The mnkey was seen ______ ff the tree.
A. jumpB. jumpsC. jumpedD. t jump
The glass ________. It ________ by little Tm this mrning.
A. brke; is brkenB. is brken; was brken
C. was brken; brkeD. has been brken; brken
When ______ the Peple's Republic f China ______?
A. was; fundB. was; fundedC. did; fundD. des; fund
—Lk, what an ld palace! It lks s great!
—Yeah, it____________nearly 800 years ag.
A. was buildingB. is builtC. has builtD. was built
This sng _________ten years ag, but many peple still like it nw.
A. writesB. is writtenC. wrteD. was written
Amy, as well as her brthers, ________ a warm welcme when returning t the village last week.
A. is givenB. are givenC. was givenD. were given
The bird ________ fly away yesterday.
A. is letB. was lettingC. let tD. was let t
At last, the pr wman _______ that the cmpany culdn't affrd _______ her wrk.
A. tld, paying frB. was tld, paying
C. tld, t payD. was tld, t pay fr
Oh, my Gd! I'm afraid my key t the ffice ________ at hme.
A. frgtB. was frgttenC. was leftD. left
—Mm，where is my mdel plane？
—Oh，it____ t Jenny yesterday．
A. is lentB. lendsC. was lentD. lent
Mr. Smith created a new game. Sn all his students rules t play it.
A. teachB. taughtC. are taughtD. were taught
Over $ 30,000 ______ fr a children's hspital by a British girl several mnths ag.
A. is raisedB. was raisedC. raisedD. has been raised
—Why did Jenny lk s happy this mrning?
—She ______ fr writing an excellent English stry.
A. praisedB. will praiseC. was praisedD. will be praised
I have a new bike．It _____ t me as a birthday gift by my father．
A. givesB. gaveC. was givingD. was given
—A latest newspaper.
—Srry, it ________ ut. It _________ well.
A. sells; is sldB. is sld; sellsC. was sld; sellsD. sells; was sld
- Eric, yu didn't g t the cncert last night. What's up？
- Srry, I t attend my friend's birthday party.
A. invitedB. am invitedC. inviteD. was invited肯定句
主语+ was/were + dne +（by+动作执行者）+其他.
否定句
主语+ was/were + nt + dne +（by+动作执行者）+其他.
一般疑问句
Was/Were +主语 + dne +（by+动作执行者）+其他？
特殊疑问句
特殊疑问词+was/were +主语+dne +（by+动作执行者）+其他？
Mdule 8 Sprts life
Unit 3 语法专项-一般过去时的被动语态
知识精讲
上一模块，我们详细学习了被动语态的概念、用法、主被动转换法以及一般现在时的被动语态的结构变化。
本模块，我们继续接着讲一般过去时的被动语态。
被动语态的基本结构“主语+be+及物动词的过去分词”，时态和人称数的变化体现在助动词be上。
所以，一般过去时的被动语态中，只要把be动词变成过去式was/were, was/were的选择看主语的单复数。
故，一般过去时被动语态的基本结构是：主语+was/were+及物动词的过去分词+（by+动作执行者）+其他。
一般过去时的被动语态的结构变化：
(这里我们用dne表示及物动词的过去分词)
The picture was drawn by Simn yesterday.这幅画是Simn昨天画的。
The picture was nt drawn by Simn yesterday. 这幅画不是Simn昨天画的。
Was the picture drawn by Simn yesterday? 这幅画是Simn昨天画的吗？
What was drawn by Simn yesterday? Simn昨天画了什么？（昨天什么被Simn画了？）
带有复合宾语的主动语态变为被动语态
带有复合宾语(宾语+宾语补足语)的主动语态变为被动语态时,只把宾语变为被动语态的主语, 然后把动词变成be+dne的形式就可以了，而原来的宾语补足语不变。此类结构常见的有：advise sb t d sth; allw sb t d sth.; encurage sb. t d sth.; ask sb. t d sth.; tell sb. t d sth. teach sb. t d sth.; warn sb. t d sth.等等。
The sprts schl encuraged Liu Xiang t train fr the high jump. 体校鼓励刘翔训练跳高。
Liu Xiang was encuraged (by the sprts schl) t train fr the high jump. 刘翔被（体校）鼓励训练跳高。
【注意】这样的句子往往不提动作的执行者， 因为被动语态最大的特点就是强调动作的承受者。
同步练习
语法专练-一般过去时的被动语态
（50道语法单项选择题）
题组A 基础过关练
(2022·北京市市辖区·同步练习)Hunger Games ________ by Suzanne Cllins in 2008.
A. wrteB. writesC. is writtenD. was written
【答案】D
【解析】句意：《饥饿游戏》是Suzanne Cllins于2008年写的。​​​​​​​Hunger Games是动作write的承受者，应用被动语态。又由句中的时间状语in 2008可知本句应用一般过去时的被动语态。
(2021·四川省自贡市·期末考试)Thanks t the gvernment, several new primary schls ________ in my hmetwn last year.
A. buildB. builtC. are builtD. were built
【答案】D
【解析】句意：多亏了政府，去年我家乡建成了一些新的小学。主语several new primary schls是动词build的承受者，结合last year用一般过去时的被动语态was/were+过去分词，主语several new primary schls，故were，故选D。
(2022·北京市市辖区·期中考试)A new hspital ________in the village by the gvernment last year.
A. buildsB. builtC. is builtD. was built
【答案】D
【解析】build建造，第三人称单数形式是builds；过去式或过去分词是built；一般现在时被动语态是is built；一般过去时被动语态是was built。根据句中的last year可知时态是一般过去时，因此可先排除A和C。"医院"和"建造"之间是被动关系，用被动语态，因此本题正确答案是D。 故选：D。
(2022·安徽省·模拟题)The bridge by the farmers themselves in 2010.What a challenging task!
A. builtB. was buildingC. was builtD. will build
【答案】C
【解析】A.一般过去时；B.过去进行时；C.一般过去时的被动语态；D.一般将来时。时间状语"in 2010"为过去的时间，排除D；主语the bridge和动词build之间构成被动关系，应该用一般过去时的被动语态。
故选：C。
(2020·全国·期末考试)—Hw many cakes can I have, Mum?
—Nne, dear. They ______ fr yur father.
A. prepareB. preparedC. have preparedD. were prepared
【答案】D
【解析】句意：——妈妈，我可以吃几块蛋糕？——亲爱的，你一块也没有。它们是为你父亲准备的。此句主语They和谓语动词prepare之间为被动关系，并且蛋糕已经准备好，故用一般过去时的被动语态，由“was/were+动词的过去分词”构成；主语是第三人称复数，故be用were。故选D。
(2022·北京市市辖区·模拟题)A new schl___last term.
A. fundB. was fundedC. will fundD. have fund
【答案】B
【解析】fund译为"成立"，也可译为"找到"，是find的过去式，过去分词；结合主语A new schl可知考查"成立"之意；主语A new schl和动词fund之间是被动关系；根据时间状语last term可知，此题语态为一般过去时的被动语态，其构成是：was/were+过去分词，排除ACD。故选：B。
(2022·天津市·期中考试)Jerry __________ t stay at hme just nw.
A. tellsB. tldC. is tldD. was tld
【答案】D
【解析】​句意：Jerry刚刚被告知要待在家中。Just nw 刚刚，表示发生在过去。排除选项A，C。tell sb. t d sth.让某人做某事。被动语态为sb. be tld t d sth.根据题意，句子为一般过去时态，所以系动词为was，故选D。
(2020·四川省巴中市·历年真题)Gina went t the dctr’s yesterday and she ________ t take medicine n time.
A. tldB. is tldC. was tldD. has tld
【答案】C
【解析】句意：吉娜昨天去看了医生，被告知要按时吃药。考查动词的时态和语态。根据“yesterday”可知句子讲述的是过去的动作，主语“she”与动词“告诉”之间是被动关系，用一般过去时态的被动形式was tld。故选C。
(2022·北京市市辖区·模拟题)These cups____in Jingdezhen 100 years ag.
A. make B. made C. are made D. were made
【答案】D
【解析】根据语境，这些杯子是100年前在景德镇制造的。题干主语these cups和其谓语make之间是被动关系，且题干时间状语100 years ag表明谓语动作发生在过去，因此设空处应用一般过去时态的被动语态，即were made符合语境。故选：D。
(2022·北京市市辖区·模拟题)A new factry t deal with water pllutin last mnth.
A. builtB. buildsC. was builtD. is built
【答案】C
【解析】build建设。选项A是过去式；选项B是第三人称单数形式；选项C是一般过去时被动语态；选项D是一般现在时被动语态。根据last mnth可知句子时态是一般过去时；根据字面意思可知句子语态是被动语态，因此本题正确答案是C。 故选：C。上个月建了一个新工厂用来处理水污染。解答本题需根据信息词确定时态和语态，再根据所给选项的不同形式选取正确答案。
(2022·湖北省黄冈市·模拟题)—Perfect phts! Gd skills!
—Thank yu. They______ by my Huawei mbile phne.
A. tkB. were takenC. will be takenD. are taking
【答案】B
【解析】根据Perfect phts! Gd skills! 可知拍照片发生在过去，主语they指phts,是动词take的承受者，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，其构成是：was/were+过去分词。故选：B。解答此类试题时，务必根据题目的要求，在准确理解句子意思的前提下，结合时态和语态准确作答。
(2022·重庆市·历年真题)Last year, a new ld peple's hme_______in ur cmmunity.
A. builds B. built C. is built D. was built
【答案】D
【解析】builds动词第三人称单数形式；built过去式和过去分词；is built一般现在时的被动语态；was built一般过去时的被动语态。根据时间状语Last year,可知句子时态用一般过去时；主语a new ld peple's hme和谓语动词build之间是被动关系，因此应用被动语态；一般过去时的被动语态结构为was/were+动词的过去分词，因此D选项符合题意。
(2022·吉林省长春市·模拟题)The China-Russia crss-river railway bridge _______ n August 17th,2021.
A. finishedB. is finishedC. was finishedD. was finishing
【答案】C
【解析】根据语境，题干主语railway bridge（铁路桥）和其谓语finish（完成）之间是被动关系，且题干关键信息n August 17th,2021表明动作发生在过去，因此设空处应用一般过去时态的被动语态，即was finished符合语境。故选：C。
(2022·北京市市辖区·模拟题)A new airprt______in the suth f ur city last year. It is very cnvenient t g there.
A. builtB. will buildC. was builtD. will be built
【答案】C
【解析】根据语境，题干主语airprt和其谓语build之间是被动关系，且题干关键信息last year表明动作发生在过去，因此设空处应用一般过去时态的被动语态，即was built符合语境。 故选：C。
(2022·全国·同步练习)Jack ______ because he drve withut a driver's license.
A. punishesB. punishedC. will punishedD. was punished
【答案】D
【解析】句意：Jack被罚了，因为他无照驾驶。A.一般现在时；B.一般过去时；C.表达错误；D.一般过去时的被动语态。根据从句中的drve可知主句也用对应的过去时；主句的主语Jack和谓语动词punish之间形成被动关系，故主句用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为Jack为第三人称单数，所以由“was+动词的过去分词”构成。故选D。
(2022·北京市市辖区·模拟题)Jenny is a respnsible persn, s she ______ as the vlunteer leader in ur cmmunity a few days ag.
A. chsesB. chseC. is chsenD. was chsen
【答案】D
【解析】根据时间状语a few days ag"前几天"，可确定句子时态为一般过去时态；主语she和动词chse是被动关系，故句子的语态为一般过去时态的被动语态，其结构是：was/were+过去分词。故选：D。
(2022·北京市市辖区·同步练习)Many flwers ________ alng the streets during the last APEC meeting.
A. plantB. will plantC. are plantedD. were planted
【答案】D
【解析】句意：在去年的APEC会议期间，街道两旁种了许多花。句中的Many flwers是动作plant的承受者，应用被动语态。又由句中的during the last APEC meeting可知本句应用一般过去时，故选D。
(2022·天津市·单元测试)We have saved much time and mney since the new machines ______ t ur factry.
A. are brughtB. were brughtC. have brughtD. brught
【答案】B
【解析】句意：自从新机器运到我们工厂以来，我们节省了很多时间和金钱。根据主句的现在完成时，及句中since可知，since引导的状语从句用一般过去时；结合句意，主语是machines和动词bring是逻辑上的被动关系，所以此句用被动语态，故选B。
(2020·江苏省无锡市·单元测试)—The washing machine _______ yesterday. It wrks nw.
—Thank yu.
A. repairedB. will repairC. has repairedD. was repaired
【答案】D
【解析】句意：——洗衣机昨天修好了。现在工作。——谢谢你。根据时间状语yesterday可知，本句为一般过去时，句中The washing-machine和repair是被动关系，所以此处需要一般过去时的被动结构（was/were+动词过去分词），主语The washing-machine是单数，be动词用was，故选D。
(2020·江苏省无锡市·单元测试)—Can yu tell me whm the bk _______?
​​​​​​​—Srry, I dn’t knw.
A. was writtenB. was written byC. is writtenD. has written by
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——你能告诉我这本书是谁写的吗？——对不起，我不知道。whm the bk ______是whm引导的宾语从句，从句中主语bk与动词write是动宾关系，因此要使用被动语态，而这本书是在过去写的，因此使用一般过去时的被动语态was/were+dne, bk是单数，用was written；因此处表达“由谁写的”，需用was written by。故选B。
(2021·河北省·历年真题)These gifts ______ by children in their last summer hlidays.
A. madeB. were madeC. makeD. are made
【答案】B
【解析】句意：这些礼物是孩子们在上个暑假里做的。根据last summer hlidays可知，应用一般过去时；主语These gifts和谓语动词make之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态；一般过去时的被动语态结构为was/were+动词的过去分词，故选B。
(2022·北京市·模拟题)Since a new rad ______ tw years ag, this village has develped very fast.
A. buildsB. builtC. is builtD. was built
【答案】D
【解析】句意：自从两年前修了一条新马路，这个村子已经发展的非常快了。本题考查时态和语态。builds一般现在时的主动语态；built一般过去时的主动语态；is built一般现在时的被动语态；was built一般过去时的被动语态。根据tw years ag可知，此处用一般过去时，主语a new rad与谓语build之间是被动关系，故选D。
(2021·北京市市辖区·模拟题)Twenty thusand bks ______ last week. Yu can buy them in the bkstre nw.
A. printB. printedC. is printedD. were printed
【答案】D
【解析】句意：上周印了两万本书。现在你可以在书店买它们。根据"last week"可知，此处用一般过去时，主语bks与谓语动词print（印刷）之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时被动结构，且主语是复数形式，谓语用复数形式，即were printed。故选D。
(2019·湖北省黄冈市·月考试卷)—Oh, the rm is t dirty, Tny!
—Srry, Mm. It ________ yesterday. I frgt t d it.
A. wasn't cleanedB. isn't cleanedC. was cleanedD. didn't clean
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——哦，托尼，房间太脏了！——对不起，妈妈。昨天没打扫房间，我忘记了。It指代的是the rm“这个房间”，这个房间被打扫，要用被动语态be dne；根据时间状语yesterday昨天，是过去的时间，要用一般过去时态，故谓语动词要用过去式。根据语境，是指昨天没有打扫房间，应用否定形式，故选A。
(2020·期中考试)Nanjing held the 2nd Yuth Olympic Games in 2014. D yu knw where the 1st YOG ________?
A. will hldB. will be heldC. heldD. was held
【答案】D
【解析】考察一般过去时的被动语态，句意：第二届青年奥运会将在2014年8月16日在南京举行。你知道第一届在哪儿举行的吗？根据句意用一般过去时，且“青年奥运会”与“举行”之间是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是第三人称单数，故用：was dne。根据句意可知，故选D。
(2021·全国·单元测试)—This car lks ld.
—Lk at the sign. It says the car ______ in 1975.
A. makesB. madeC. is madeD. was made
【答案】D
【解析】句意：——这辆汽车看上去很旧。——看那个标志，上面写着这辆车是1975年制造的。the car作从句主语，与动词make之间是被动关系，结合时间状语in 1975可知，要用一般过去时的被动语态。故选D。
(2022·北京市·模拟题)A mnkey escaped frm the z last mnth. But several days later, it ______.
A. catchesB. caughtC. is caughtD. was caught
【答案】D
【解析】句意：一只猴子上个月从动物园里逃了出来。但几天后，它被抓住了。根据前一句可知，此处应用一般过去时；主语it指代mnkey，和谓语动词catch之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态；一般过去时的被动语态结构为was/were+动词的过去分词，故选D。
(2022·海南省海口市·模拟题)—Did yu and yur sister g t Miss Brwn's party yesterday?
—N, neither f us ______.
A. invitedB. is invitedC. was invited D. invites
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——你和你的姐姐昨天去参加布朗小姐的派对了吗？——没有，我们两个都没有被邀请。invited邀请，一般过去时主动语态；is invited被邀请，一般现在时态被动语态；was invited被邀请，一般过去时态的被动语态。根据语境可知，是发生在昨天的事情，因此应用一般过去时，主语neither f us与谓语动词invite是被动关系，即我们两个都没有被邀请。因此用一般过去时态的被动语态。故选C。
(2020·四川省巴中市·历年真题)Gina went t the dctr's yesterday and she ______ t take medicine n time.
A. tldB. is tldC. was tldD. has tld
【答案】C
【解析】句意：吉娜昨天去看医生，医生告诉她要按时吃药。根据Gina went t the dctr's yesterday可知，时态是一般过去时；主语she与动词tell之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，需用被动语态。一般过去时的被动语态结构为“was/were+动词的过去分词“，主语是she，be动词用was，tell的过去分词为tld。故选C。
30. (2022·辽宁省鞍山市·模拟题)The mbile phne has influenced peple's life a lt since it ______.
A. inventsB. inventedC. has inventedD. was invented
【答案】D
【解析】​句意：手机自被发明以来，已经很大地影响了人们的生活。主句是现在完成时，后面的since后接过去的时间，且手机被发明是发生在过去的事情，需用一般过去时；mbile phne和invent之间是被动关系，需用被动语态，表示被发明。A.invents一般现在时；B.invented一般过去时；C.has invented现在完成时；D.was invented一般过去时的被动语态。故选D。
题组B 能力提升练
31. (2022·北京市县·模拟题)A lt f trees__________in the park last year.
A. plantB. are plantedC. were plantedD. will plant
【答案】C
【解析】根据语境，题干主语a lt f trees（很多树）和其谓语plant（种植）之间是被动关系，且题干关键信息last year（去年）表明动作发生在过去，因此设空处应用一般过去时态的被动语态，即were planted符合语境。 故选：C。
32. (2021·广东省·历年真题)Gina went t the dctr's yesterday and she ______ abut the imprtance f gd living habits nce mre.
A. tldB. is tldC. was tldD. has tld
【答案】C
【解析】句意：Gina昨天去看医生了，她又一次被告知良好生活习惯的重要性。主语she和谓语tell是被动关系，再根据句意及yesterday可知，要用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为：was/were+dne，主语she是第三人称单数，此处故用was tld。故选C。
(2020·山东省青岛市·期末考试)The high-speed railway ​ in this city last year. It is easier fr peple t travel nw.
A. will buildB. will be builtC. was builtD. built
【答案】C
【解析】句意：这个城市去年修建了高铁。现在人们旅行更容易了。the high-speed railway是动词build动作的承受者，故用被动语态；又根据题干中last year可知用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为was/were+动词的过去分词，主语是第三人称单数，be动词用was。故选C。
(2022·辽宁省沈阳市·期末考试)In ancient Thailand, white elephants ______ t be a gift frm the gds.
A. thinksB. thughtC. are thughtD. were thught
【答案】D
【解析】句意：在古代泰国，白象被认为是神的礼物。根据In ancient Thailand可知，此处应用一般过去时；主语white elephants和谓语动词think之间是动宾关系，表示“被认为”，故用被动语态；一般过去时的被动语态结构为was/were+动词的过去分词。故选D。
(2021·全国·月考试卷)The mnkey was seen ______ ff the tree.
A. jumpB. jumpsC. jumpedD. t jump
【答案】D
【解析】句意：人们看到猴子从一棵大树上跳了下来。see sb. d sth.看见某人做某事，变成被动语态时，需要加上t，为sb. be seen t d sth.某人被看到做某事。故选D。
(2022·河南省·同步练习)The glass ________. It ________ by little Tm this mrning.
A. brke; is brkenB. is brken; was brken
C. was brken; brkeD. has been brken; brken
【答案】B
【解析】句意：玻璃杯碎了。今天早上小汤姆把它弄坏了。考查被动语态及时态。根据语境可知，第一空表示当下玻璃杯碎掉的状态，故应用“is +形容词”的系表结构。第二空根据“by little Tm”提示，此处应用被动语态，且时间状语为“this mrning”，表示发生过的事应用一般过去时，故第二空应用一般过去时的被动语态，故选B。
(2022·河南省·同步练习)When ______ the Peple's Republic f China ______?
A. was; fundB. was; fundedC. did; fundD. des; fund
【答案】B
【解析】句意：中华人民共和国是什么时候成立的？考查动词辨析、被动语态。find“发现”的过去式/过去分词为fund; fund“创建”，动词，其过去式/过去分词为funded；根据语境可知此处指“中华人民共和国何时成立”，用一般过去时被动语态，其谓语动词构成为“was/were+过去分词”，所以排除A、C和D；故选B。
(2021·广西壮族自治区南宁市·单元测试)—Lk, what an ld palace! It lks s great!
—Yeah, it____________nearly 800 years ag.
A. was buildingB. is builtC. has builtD. was built
【答案】D
【解析】句意：——看，多么古老的宫殿啊！它看起来太棒了！——是的，它是800年前建造的。A.过去进行时；B.一般现在时的被动语态；C.现在完成时；D.一般过去时的被动语态。根据nearly 800 years ag可知，句子用一般过去时，主语it（指代palace）和谓语build之间是被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为was/were+动词的过去分词。
(2022·北京市市辖区·模拟题)This sng _________ten years ag, but many peple still like it nw.
A. writesB. is writtenC. wrteD. was written
【答案】D
【解析】句子的主语This sng和动词write之间是被动关系，结合时间状语ten years ag可知，此题语态为一般过去时态的被动语态，其构成是：was/were+过去分词。write的过去分词是written。 故选：D。这首歌是十年前写的，但现在还有很多人喜欢它。考查时态和语态，根据时间状语判断时态，根据主谓之间的主被动关系判断语态。
Amy, as well as her brthers, ________ a warm welcme when returning t the village last week.
A. is givenB. are givenC. was givenD. were given
【答案】C
【解析】as well as 连接的两个主语，需要遵循"就远原则"。即谓语动词由Amy决定，因此排除B、D。而was given可推测时态为一般过去时。因此排除A。 故选C。上周，艾米和她的兄弟们回到村里时受到了热烈的欢。本题需要结合句意及提示，分清所需要填写句子的结构或时态，从而确定答案。
(2020·江苏省无锡市·同步练习)The bird ________ fly away yesterday.
A. is letB. was lettingC. let tD. was let t
【答案】D
【解析】考查被动语态。句意：昨天那只鸟被放飞了。根据时间状语yesterday，用一般过去式，主语The bird与谓语动词fly之间是被动关系，故用一般过去式的被动语态，即主语+were/was+过去分词，主语为The bird单数，谓语用was。故选D。
(2020·江苏省盐城市·单元测试)At last, the pr wman _______ that the cmpany culdn't affrd _______ her wrk.
A. tld, paying frB. was tld, paying
C. tld, t payD. was tld, t pay fr
【答案】D
【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态及动词不定式和固定搭配。句意：最后，那个可怜的女人被告知公司付不起她的工资。主句中的主语“the pr wman”和谓语动词“tell”之间形成被动关系，并且根据句中的“culdn't”可知主句用一般过去时的被动语态，由“was/were+动词的过去分词”构成，主语是可数名词单数，故be用was；pay付款，后面跟付款的对象需要带上介词fr，pay fr...为付款，是固定搭配，culdn't affrd t d sth.不能负担得起做某事，是固定搭配。故选D。
(2020·江苏省无锡市·单元测试)Oh, my Gd! I'm afraid my key t the ffice ________ at hme.
A. frgtB. was frgttenC. was leftD. left
【答案】C
【解析】句意：天啊。恐怕我办公室的钥匙被我落在家里了。考查一般过去时的被动语态。leave遗留，常用leave sth.+地点状语“把某物落在某地”；frget忘记，表示“忘记某物”时，不接表示地点的词语。由at hme可知，此处用leave，排除AB；再由主语my key是动作“遗留”的承受者，句子陈述过去的事情，故用一般过去时的被动语态was/were+dne，my key是第三人称单数主语，助动词用was，leave的过去分词是left，故选C。
(2022·全国·同步练习)—Mm，where is my mdel plane？
—Oh，it____ t Jenny yesterday．
A. is lentB. lendsC. was lentD. lent
【答案】C
【解析】答案：C 解析：因为主语是物bk，是动词lend的承受者，所以不能用主动语态，应当用被动语态，被动语态的基本结构：主语+be+过去分词（+by+动作的发出者），因为后面有一个yesterday，可知应当用一般过去时态的被动语态，其基本结构为：主语+was/were+过去分词（+by+动作的发出者）C。was lent 一般过去时态的被动语态，正确。故选C。
(2022·江西省·历年真题)Mr.Smith created a new game. Sn all his students rules t play it.
A. teachB. taughtC. are taughtD. were taught
【答案】D
【解析】all his students是句子的主语，和动词teach之间是被动关系，结合关键词created第一句时态为一般过去时态，故第二句时态也为一般过去时态。此题语态为一般过去时态的被动语态，其构成是：was/were+过去分词。 故选：D。史密斯先生创造了一个新游戏。很快他所有的学生都学会了玩这个游戏的规则。
根据时间状语和语境判断时态，根据主语和动词之间的主被动关系判断语态。
(2022·全国·同步练习)Over $ 30,000 ______ fr a children's hspital by a British girl several mnths ag.
A. is raisedB. was raisedC. raisedD. has been raised
【答案】B
【解析】句意：几个月前，一个英国女孩为一家儿童医院筹集了3万多美元。raise筹集，动词，根据$ 30,000与raise可知是构成被动关系，根据several mnths ag可知是一般过去时，即一般过去时的被动语态，结构为was/were+过去分词，Over $ 30,000可知：3万多美元，不可数名词，be动词用was，raise的过去分词为raised，故选B。
(2022·江西省·模拟题)—Why did Jenny lk s happy this mrning?
—She ______ fr writing an excellent English stry.
A. praisedB. will praiseC. was praisedD. will be praised
【答案】C
【解析】句意：——为什么珍妮今天上午看起来那么开心？——她因写了一篇出色的英语故事而受到表扬。She是句子的主语，和动词praise之间是被动关系，结合时间状语this mrning“今天上午”可知，此题语态为一般过去时态的被动语态，其构成是：was/were+过去分词。故选C。
48. (2021·山东省济南市·模拟题)I have a new bike．It _____ t me as a birthday gift by my father．
A. givesB. gaveC. was givingD. was given
【答案】D
【解析】考查时态和语态辨析。句意：我有一辆新自行车。它是我父亲送给我的生日礼物。give sth t sb，把某物给某人，固定短语；It指代前文的新自行车，它被父亲作为生日礼物送给我，用被动语态；送礼物是过去的事情，用一般过去时被动语态，结构为was/were+动词的过去分词，主语是It， be动词用was，give的过去分词为given。故选D。
49.—A latest newspaper.
—Srry, it ________ ut. It _________ well.
A. sells; is sldB. is sld; sellsC. was sld; sellsD. sells; was sld
【答案】C
【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态、一般现在时和主谓一致。句意：——最新的报纸。——抱歉，它卖完了。它很畅销。it指代报纸，和谓语动词sell是逻辑上的被动关系，sell ut售完，根据句意“它卖完了”可知，此处是一般过去时的被动语态；当sell well，表示“销路好”，用主动表示被动。故选C。
50. - Eric, yu didn't g t the cncert last night. What's up？
- Srry, I t attend my friend's birthday party.
A. invitedB. am invitedC. inviteD. was invited
【答案】D
【解析】根据语境，--埃里克，你昨晚没去听音乐会。有什么事吗？--对不起，我被邀请参加我朋友的生日聚会。根据时间状语和语境判断时态，根据主语和动词之间的主被动关系判断语态。可知是昨晚被邀请的，动作发生在过去，时态用一般过去时；主语I是动作invite的承受者，因此应用被动语态；一般过去时的被动语态结构为was/were+动词的过去分词，因此D选项符合题意。故选：D。
肯定句
主语+ was/were + dne +（by+动作执行者）+其他.
否定句
主语+ was/were + nt + dne +（by+动作执行者）+其他.
一般疑问句
Was/Were +主语 + dne +（by+动作执行者）+其他？
特殊疑问句
特殊疑问词+was/were +主语+dne +（by+动作执行者）+其他？