初中外研版（2024）Unit 1 I have some photos that I took in Australia last year.一课一练

这是一份初中外研版（2024）Unit 1 I have some photos that I took in Australia last year.一课一练，共17页。
知识精讲
My teacher asked us t chse a cuntry we want t visit...
我的老师让我们选择一个我们想旅游的的国家……（教材第80页，3)
ask sb.(nt)t d sth.“叫某人（不）做某事” t是动词不定式符号，后面跟动词原形。
Wuld yu please ask her t g t the cinema? 请让她去电影院好吗？
Please ask Simn nt t play drum. 请告诉西蒙不要打架子鼓了。
【拓展】ask sb fr sth “向某人要某物”
ask fr 请求，索要
Yu have grwn up. Dn’t ask yur parents fr mney.
你已经成年了。不要再向父母要钱了。
Many students ask fr advice abut hw t imprve their English.
许多学生寻求如何提高英语的建议。
Accrding t the lcal peple, it's a special and magical place.
根据当地人所说，它是一个特殊而神奇的地方。（教材第80页，3）
accrding t 根据；按照；据…所说，这里的t是介词，其后可接名词、代词或从句。
There will be raining this afternn accrding t the weather reprt.
根据天气预报，下午会下雨。
It’s like a huge sailing bat with water n three sides.
它（悉尼歌剧院）像一艘巨大的帆船，三面环水。（教材第80页，3）
with water n three sides 直译为“在三面有水”
with复合结构：with + 宾语 + 宾补，主要作状语，表示伴随、原因、方式等。
其中的宾补可以是名词、形容词、副词、分词、介词短语等。
教材里的这句话是with复合结构(with water n three sides),做伴随状语，with后面宾语(water)的补足语(n three sides)是介词短语。
Dn’t speak with yur muth full f fd. 不要满嘴食物地说话。（with+宾语+形容词）
He was sleeping with all his clthes n. 他没脱衣服就睡着了。（with+宾语+ 副词）
He fell asleep with the light burning. 他没熄灯就睡着了。（with+宾语+现在分词）
He sat n the chair with his eyes clsed. 他闭目坐在椅子上。（with +宾语+ 过去分词）
They're sheep farmers.他们是牧羊农民。（教材第 80页，3)
sheep（可数名词）羊；绵羊
其单复数形式相同。英语中单复数形式相同的名词还有deer（鹿），fish（鱼）Chinese（中国人），Japanese（日本人）等。
There are many sheep n the farm. 农场里有许多羊。
5. They wear special hats that keep the flies away.他们戴着使苍蝇远离的特殊帽子。（教材第80页,3)
（1) keep [及物动词]使保持（某种状态）
常用结构“keep+宾语+宾语补足语（形容词、副词、现在分词等）”。
Keep yur face clean.保持脸干净。
I shuldn't have kept yu waiting s lng time. 我不应该让你等那么久。
(2)keep sb/sth.away （使）避开；（使）不靠近
Yu'd better keep the child away frm the animal. 你最好让孩子远离动物。
【拓展】 keep away frm “远离”，也可换成stay away frm
D yu think we teenagers shuld keep away frm the Internet?
你认为我们青少年应该远离网络吗？
The scissrs that they're hlding are used t cut the wl ff the sheep.
他们拿着的剪刀是用来剪羊毛的。（教材第80页，3）
cut sth.ff sth.把某物从某物上剪掉
Wuld yu please cut the fat ff the prk? 请把这块猪肉上面的肥肉切掉好么？
【拓展】cut ff切断 cut dwn砍倒 cut in插话 cut up 切碎
【拓展】be used t d sth ，be used t ding sth和used t d sth
be used t d“被用来做某事”
Wd is ften used t make furniture.木头常常被用来制作家具.
be used t ding“习惯于做某事”,t是介词，所以后面动词用现在分词。
She is nt used t eating Western fd.她不习惯吃西餐.
used t d sth “过去常常做某事”，这里的t是不定式，后接动词原形。
I used t play ftball when I was a teenager. 在我青少年时期，我常常踢足球。
I hated the ants that were all ver the place. 我讨厌遍地的蚂蚁。（教材第80页，3）
hate [及物动词]憎恨；讨厌后跟名词、代词、动词不定式或动词-ing形式。
I hate t eat meat.我讨厌吃肉。
注意： hate 不用于进行时态，且其后可接动词不定式，也可接动名词作宾语，含义基本相同。
【辨析】hate t d sth和 hate ding sth “不喜欢/讨厌做某事”
hate t d sth 侧重动作，暂时性的讨厌。
hate ding sth 侧重状态，真的很讨厌。
Simn hates being late fr schl.西蒙讨厌上学迟到。
I like swimming, but I hate t swim nw. 我喜欢游泳，但是现在不喜欢去游泳。
T be hnest, I really hate _______ in public.
smke B. smked C. t smke D. smking
I had t brush them ff my clthes, especially my trusers!
我不得不把它们从衣服上刷掉，尤其是我的裤子！（教材第80页，3）
brush① [动词]（用刷子）刷
brush sth.ff sth.把某物从某物上刷掉
Wendy brushes her teeth every day by herself. 温迪每天自己刷牙。
She brushed the ants ff her cat. 她把蚂蚁从衣服上刷下去了。
②[可数名词] “刷子”其复数形式为brushes。
I need brushes t brush the wall. 我需要刷子刷墙。
同步练习
题组A 基础过关练
根据所给中文写出英文单词，使句意完整。
My mther bught a pair f (剪刀).
The big bx is full f (羊毛).
Mrn received a (帽子) as her birthday gift frm Dad.
The Shanghai Twer is very high. Its _________(高度) is 632 metres.
Harry Ptter’s _________(神奇的) wrld is returning. Are yu excited?
连词成句。
well, is, feeling, he
___________________________________________ ?
is, yur, smking, health, fr, bad
___________________________________________ .
this, much, is, hw, watch
___________________________________________ ?
he, me, helped, my, with, maths
___________________________________________ .
peple, are, what, they, kind
___________________________________________ !
单项选择。
____ Eurpean friend gave me _____ useful bk.
A. An; anB. An; aC. A; anD. A; a
The Great Barrier Reef lies__________the nrtheast cast f Australia．
A. nB. inC. atD. ff
Tm keeps a __________in rder t recrd peple，things and what he has thught．
A. technlgy B. plicy C. spirit D. diary
______ the weather reprt it will rain tmrrw.
A. Accrding tB. Thanks tC. As frD. Instead f
There are many ants n yur trusers; please ______.
A. cut them ffB. brush them ffC. cut ff themD. brush ff them
Yunnan is really beautiful, ________ I like t live here.
A. thatˈs whereB. thatˈs hw
C. thatˈs whyD. thatˈs because
As students, we shuld read mre bks ______ are helpful in imprving ur study. In this way can we learn wisely.
A. whatB. whC. thatD. where
I didn't accept his help ______ I wanted t try it myself.
A. becauseB. thughC. untilD. unless
-Excuse me， hw lng will it take me t get t the pst ffice？
-Well， it depends n______．
A. hw yu will g thereB. why yu will g there
C. where yu will gD. hw will yu g there
-Wuld yu mind helping me tidy up the bedrm？
-_____．Let me help yu.
A. Yes, OKB. Of curse nt
C. Srry, I willD. Certainly, please.
题组B 能力提升练
完型填空
Li Dng is a farmer. He has a very big (21) . On the farm, he grws ranges, grapes and bananas. Many peple cme t (22) his farm. He is a successful yung man and becmes very famus.
In 2003, he went back t his hme twn (23) he finished middle schl. “What wrk can I d?” he said t himself. Then he had an idea. “Iˈm interested (24) farming. I can grw fruits!” He began t watch many (25) n TV abut grwing fruits. He als read a lt f bks abut it. Then he went t (26) n Mr Wangˈs farm fr tw years. He learnt a lt there.
In 2005, he started his wn fruit farm. (27) , Li Dngˈs farm was small. But nw, his farm is much (28) His fruits are very gd. He sends them t many (29) in China, such as Shanghai, Beijing and Guangzhu. He als grws vegetables and raises chickens n his farm. His family eats very (30) fd. He has a very happy family.
A. farmB. parkC. schlD. shp
A. lkB. takeC. visitD. ntice
A. sinceB. afterC. thughD. s
A. inB. nC. atD. fr
A. gamesB. cncertsC. prgrammesD. plays
A. seeB. playC. eatD. wrk
A. At lastB. At that timeC. At this mmentD. At nce
A. bigB. biggerC. the biggestD. biggest
A. villagesB. schlsC. citiesD. farms
A. healthyB. easyC. terribleD. unhealthy
五、首字母填空
Henry was a kind, gd by. His father was dead, and his mther was very pr. He had a little sister abut 2 years ld. He wanted t help his mther because she culd nt a (31) earn(挣) enugh mney t buy fd fr his little family.
One day a man gave him a dllar fr r (32) the pcketbk which he had lst. Henry culd have kept the pcketbk because n ne saw him when he fund it. But his mther had taught him t be h (33) , and never t keep what did nt belng t him. S he gave the pcketbk back t the man.
With the dllar he bught a bx, three b (34) and sme she plish(鞋油). He then went t the c (35) f the street, and said t everyne whse bts did nt lk n (36) , “Plish yur bts, please?”
He was s p (37) that gentlemen sn began t ntice him, and t let him plish their bts.
The first day he c (38) ver 50 cents, which he gave t his mther t buy fd with. When he gave her the mney, she cried with jy and said, “Yu are a d (39) , gd by, Henry. I didn’t knw hw I culd earn enugh t buy bread, but nw I think we can m (40) t get alng quite well.”
Henry wrked after schl every day. He earned almst enugh t supprt his mther and his little sister.
Mdule 10 Australia
Unit 1 I have sme phts that I tk in Australia last year.
知识精讲
My teacher asked us t chse a cuntry we want t visit...
我的老师让我们选择一个我们想旅游的的国家……（教材第80页，3)
ask sb.(nt)t d sth.“叫某人（不）做某事” t是动词不定式符号，后面跟动词原形。
Wuld yu please ask her t g t the cinema? 请让她去电影院好吗？
Please ask Simn nt t play drum. 请告诉西蒙不要打架子鼓了。
【拓展】ask sb fr sth “向某人要某物”
ask fr 请求，索要
Yu have grwn up. Dn’t ask yur parents fr mney.
你已经成年了。不要再向父母要钱了。
Many students ask fr advice abut hw t imprve their English.
许多学生寻求如何提高英语的建议。
Accrding t the lcal peple, it's a special and magical place.
根据当地人所说，它是一个特殊而神奇的地方。（教材第80页，3）
accrding t 根据；按照；据…所说，这里的t是介词，其后可接名词、代词或从句。
There will be raining this afternn accrding t the weather reprt.
根据天气预报，下午会下雨。
It’s like a huge sailing bat with water n three sides.
它（悉尼歌剧院）像一艘巨大的帆船，三面环水。（教材第80页，3）
with water n three sides 直译为“在三面有水”
with复合结构：with + 宾语 + 宾补，主要作状语，表示伴随、原因、方式等。
其中的宾补可以是名词、形容词、副词、分词、介词短语等。
教材里的这句话是with复合结构(with water n three sides),做伴随状语，with后面宾语(water)的补足语(n three sides)是介词短语。
Dn’t speak with yur muth full f fd. 不要满嘴食物地说话。（with+宾语+形容词）
He was sleeping with all his clthes n. 他没脱衣服就睡着了。（with+宾语+ 副词）
He fell asleep with the light burning. 他没熄灯就睡着了。（with+宾语+现在分词）
He sat n the chair with his eyes clsed. 他闭目坐在椅子上。（with +宾语+ 过去分词）
They're sheep farmers.他们是牧羊农民。（教材第 80页，3)
sheep（可数名词）羊；绵羊
其单复数形式相同。英语中单复数形式相同的名词还有deer（鹿），fish（鱼）Chinese（中国人），Japanese（日本人）等。
There are many sheep n the farm. 农场里有许多羊。
5. They wear special hats that keep the flies away.他们戴着使苍蝇远离的特殊帽子。（教材第80页,3)
（1) keep [及物动词]使保持（某种状态）
常用结构“keep+宾语+宾语补足语（形容词、副词、现在分词等）”。
Keep yur face clean.保持脸干净。
I shuldn't have kept yu waiting s lng time. 我不应该让你等那么久。
(2)keep sb/sth.away （使）避开；（使）不靠近
Yu'd better keep the child away frm the animal. 你最好让孩子远离动物。
【拓展】 keep away frm “远离”，也可换成stay away frm
D yu think we teenagers shuld keep away frm the Internet?
你认为我们青少年应该远离网络吗？
The scissrs that they're hlding are used t cut the wl ff the sheep.
他们拿着的剪刀是用来剪羊毛的。（教材第80页，3）
cut sth.ff sth.把某物从某物上剪掉
Wuld yu please cut the fat ff the prk? 请把这块猪肉上面的肥肉切掉好么？
【拓展】cut ff切断 cut dwn砍倒 cut in插话 cut up 切碎
【拓展】be used t d sth ，be used t ding sth和used t d sth
be used t d“被用来做某事”
Wd is ften used t make furniture.木头常常被用来制作家具.
be used t ding“习惯于做某事”,t是介词，所以后面动词用现在分词。
She is nt used t eating Western fd.她不习惯吃西餐.
used t d sth “过去常常做某事”，这里的t是不定式，后接动词原形。
I used t play ftball when I was a teenager. 在我青少年时期，我常常踢足球。
I hated the ants that were all ver the place. 我讨厌遍地的蚂蚁。（教材第80页，3）
hate [及物动词]憎恨；讨厌后跟名词、代词、动词不定式或动词-ing形式。
I hate t eat meat.我讨厌吃肉。
注意： hate 不用于进行时态，且其后可接动词不定式，也可接动名词作宾语，含义基本相同。
【辨析】hate t d sth和 hate ding sth “不喜欢/讨厌做某事”
hate t d sth 侧重动作，暂时性的讨厌。
hate ding sth 侧重状态，真的很讨厌。
Simn hates being late fr schl.西蒙讨厌上学迟到。
I like swimming, but I hate t swim nw. 我喜欢游泳，但是现在不喜欢去游泳。
T be hnest, I really hate _______ in public.
smke B. smked C. t smke D. smking
【答案】D
【解析】hate后可接动词不定式，也可接动名词作宾语。hate t d sth 侧重动作，暂时性的讨厌。
hate ding sth 侧重状态，真的很讨厌。根据题意：说实话，我真的很讨厌公共场合吸烟。可知是真讨厌，是一种状态，所以用hate ding。故答案选D。
I had t brush them ff my clthes, especially my trusers!
我不得不把它们从衣服上刷掉，尤其是我的裤子！（教材第80页，3）
brush① [动词]（用刷子）刷
brush sth.ff sth.把某物从某物上刷掉
Wendy brushes her teeth every day by herself. 温迪每天自己刷牙。
She brushed the ants ff her cat. 她把蚂蚁从衣服上刷下去了。
②[可数名词] “刷子”其复数形式为brushes。I need brushes t brush the wall. 我需要刷子刷墙。
同步练习
题组A 基础过关练
根据所给中文写出英文单词，使句意完整。
My mther bught a pair f (剪刀).
The big bx is full f (羊毛).
Mrn received a (帽子) as her birthday gift frm Dad.
The Shanghai Twer is very high. Its _________(高度) is 632 metres.
Harry Ptter’s _________(神奇的) wrld is returning. Are yu excited?
【答案】1.scissrs 2.wl 3.hat 4.height 5.magical
【解析】略
连词成句。
well, is, feeling, he
___________________________________________ ?
is, yur, smking, health, fr, bad
___________________________________________ .
this, much, is, hw, watch
___________________________________________ ?
he, me, helped, my, with, maths
___________________________________________ .
peple, are, what, they, kind
___________________________________________ !
【答案】6.Is he feeling well
7. Smking is bad fr yur health
8. Hw much is this watch
9. He helped me with my maths
10. What kind peple they are
【解析】
6.根据句末标点符号？提示可知是现在进行时的一般疑问句，句意：他感觉好吗？故答案为Is he feeling well。
7.根据提示词可知句意：吸烟对你的健康有害。使用一般现在时，be bad fr对……有害，主语是smking，与is连用。故答案为Smking is bad fr yur health.
8.根据提示词可知句意：这块手表多少钱？这是Hw much开头的特殊疑问句，后跟一般疑问句is this watch。故答案为Hw much is this watch。
9.根据提示词可知句意：他帮助我学习数学。help sb. with sth.在某方面帮助某人，使用一般过去时，故答案为He helped me with my maths.
10.根据提示词可知句意：他们多么友好啊！这是一个感叹句，使用what对名词进行感叹，结构为：What+形容词+复数名词+主语+谓语！故答案为What kind peple they are!
单项选择。
____ Eurpean friend gave me _____ useful bk.
A. An ; anB. An ; aC. A ; anD. A ; a
【答案】D
【解析】句意：一个欧洲的朋友给了我一本有用的书。Eurpean和useful虽然以元音字母开头，但是它们的发音却是以辅音开头，因此都要用a。故选D。
(2021·全国·单元测试)The Great Barrier Reef lies__________the nrtheast cast f Australia．
A. nB. inC. atD. ff
【答案】D
【解析】n 在…时候、在…之上"；at "在、以、向、达"；in "在…之内"；ff "离开、脱离"，四者都是方位介词．in 表示方位，含义是"在……之内" ，即一个小地方处在一个大地方的范围（疆域）之内； n 表示方位，含义是"在……端/边"，即一个地方在另一个地方的某一端或某一边，两个地方只是相邻或接壤，却互不管辖； ff表示"离……一些距离或离……不远的海上"，at表示"点"．由题干"大堡礁位于澳大利亚东北不远的海岸上．"可知，空格是空格用ff，所以答案是ff． 故选：D．大堡礁位于澳大利亚东北不远的海岸上．本题考查方位介词的辨析，在熟知所供词的含义基础上，根据句意，从而判断出正确答案．
Tm keeps a__________in rder t recrd peple，things and what he has thught．
A. technlgy B. plicy C. spirit D. diary
【答案】D
【解析】根据各个选项的意思technlgy"技术"；plicy"政策"；spirit"精神"；diary"日记"，根据空格后in rder t recrd peple， things and what he has thught可知他做这件事的目的是记录人、事和他的想法．故推知为记日记，故填入diary． 故选：D．
(2021·全国·单元测试)______ the weather reprt it will rain tmrrw.
A. Accrding tB. Thanks tC. As frD. Instead f
【答案】A
【解析】本题考查介词短语辨析。句意：根据天气预报，明天有雨。accrding t根据；thanks t由于，幸亏；as fr至于；instead f代替。根据句意可知选A。
(2021·全国·单元测试)There are many ants n yur trusers; please ______.
A. cut them ffB. brush them ffC. cut ff themD. brush ff them
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查动词短语辨析。句意：你的裤子上有很多蚂蚁，请把它们拂掉。把……剪掉；把……刷掉/拂去。根据句意，应用“”；当的宾语是代词时要放在两者之间，故选B。
(2021·山东省·单元测试)Yunnan is really beautiful, ________ I like t live here.
A. thatˈs whereB. thatˈs hw
C. thatˈs whyD. thatˈs because
【答案】C
【解析】句意：云南真的很漂亮，那就是我喜欢住在这里的原因。云南很漂亮是我喜欢住在这里的原因，此处用that's why+从句，这是由连接副词why引导的表语从句，表示“那是的原因”，故选C。
(2022·全国·同步练习)As students, we shuld read mre bks ______ are helpful in imprving ur study. In this way can we learn wisely.
A. whatB. whC. thatD. where
【答案】C
【解析】句意：作为学生，我们应该读更多对提高我们的学习有帮助的书。通过这种方式，我们可以明智地学习。本题考查的定语从句关系词，先行词是bk，是物，关系词在从句中作主语，所以关系词应用that/whic，由此可知，C项符合句意。
(2022·广东省·单元测试)I didn't accept his help ______ I wanted t try it myself.
A. becauseB. thughC. untilD. unless
【答案】A
【解析】句意：我没有接受他的帮助，因为我想自己尝试一下。because因为；thugh虽然；until直到；unless除非。根据句中信息可知“I wanted t try it myself”是“I didn't accept his help”的原因，用because引导。故选A。
(2019·天津市市辖区·期末考试)
-Excuse me， hw lng will it take me t get t the pst ffice？
-Well， it depends n______．
A. hw yu will g thereB. why yu will g there
C. where yu will gD. hw will yu g there
【答案】A
【解析】考查宾语从句．①宾语从句的语序：无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都必须使用陈述语序，可以排除D选项．②why 提问原因；where提问地点；hw提问方式；结合语境可知，"到邮局花费的时间取决于如何去那里"．因此"hw yu will g there"为正确选项．故选：A．
(2020·北京市·其他类型)-Wuld yu mind helping me tidy up the bedrm？
-_____．Let me help yu.
A. Yes, OKB. Of curse nt
C. Srry, I willD. Certainly, please.
【答案】B
【解析】句意：——你介意帮我整理一下卧室吗？——当然不，让我帮你。Yes, OK是的，可以；Of curse nt当然不；Srry, I will对不起，我会；Certainly, please当然，请。根据答语Let me help yu让我帮你，推知对方不介意，故选B。
题组B 能力提升练
完型填空
(2021·全国·同步练习)Li Dng is a farmer. He has a very big (21) . On the farm, he grws ranges, grapes and bananas. Many peple cme t (22) his farm. He is a successful yung man and becmes very famus.
In 2003, he went back t his hme twn (23) he finished middle schl. “What wrk can I d?” he said t himself. Then he had an idea. “I’m interested (24) farming. I can grw fruits!” He began t watch many (25) n TV abut grwing fruits. He als read a lt f bks abut it. Then he went t (26) n Mr Wang’s farm fr tw years. He learnt a lt there.
In 2005, he started his wn fruit farm. (27) , Li Dngˈs farm was small. But nw, his farm is much (28) His fruits are very gd. He sends them t many (29) in China, such as Shanghai, Beijing and Guangzhu. He als grws vegetables and raises chickens n his farm. His family eats very (30) fd. He has a very happy family.
A. farmB. parkC. schlD. shp
A. lkB. takeC. visitD. ntice
A. sinceB. afterC. thughD. s
A. inB. nC. atD. fr
A. gamesB. cncertsC. prgrammesD. plays
A. seeB. playC. eatD. wrk
A. At lastB. At that timeC. At this mmentD. At nce
A. bigB. biggerC. the biggestD. biggest
A. villagesB. schlsC. citiesD. farms
A. healthyB. easyC. terribleD. unhealthy
【答案】
A、C、B、A、C、D、B、B、C、A
【解析】【文章大意】本文主要介绍了一个成功的农民李东（音译）的故事。
21. 根据上一句可知他是一个农民，结合选项及下文可知他有一个大农场。故选A项。
22. 根据语境可知，此处表示许多人来参观他的农场，故选C项。
23. 句意：在2003年，他初中毕业之后返回他的家乡。after表示“在……之后”，符合语境。
24. be interested in为固定搭配，意为“对……感兴趣”。
25. 根据语境及选项可知，此处表示他开始在电视上观看很多有关种植水果的节目，故选C项。
26. 根据下文“He learnt a lt there.”可知，他在王先生的农场里工作了两年。故选D项。
27. at last意为“最后”；at that time意为“在那时”；at this mment意为“此刻”；at nce意为“立刻”。此处表示在那时，李东的农场很小。
28. much修饰形容词的比较级，表示“……得多”。故选B项。
29. 根据“such as Shanghai, Beijing and Guangzhu”可知此处是指许多城市。
30. 根据上文可知，他自己种蔬果并且养鸡，因此他的家人吃非常健康的食物。故选A项。
五、首字母填空
Henry was a kind, gd by. His father was dead, and his mther was very pr. He had a little sister abut 2 years ld. He wanted t help his mther because she culd nt a (31) earn(挣) enugh mney t buy fd fr his little family.
One day a man gave him a dllar fr r (32) the pcketbk which he had lst. Henry culd have kept the pcketbk because n ne saw him when he fund it. But his mther had taught him t be h (33) , and never t keep what did nt belng t him. S he gave the pcketbk back t the man.
With the dllar he bught a bx, three b (34) and sme she plish(鞋油). He then went t the c (35) f the street, and said t everyne whse bts did nt lk n (36) , “Plish yur bts, please?”
He was s p (37) that gentlemen sn began t ntice him, and t let him plish their bts.
The first day he c (38) ver 50 cents, which he gave t his mther t buy fd with. When he gave her the mney, she cried with jy and said, “Yu are a d (39) , gd by, Henry. I didn’t knw hw I culd earn enugh t buy bread, but nw I think we can m (40) t get alng quite well.”
Henry wrked after schl every day. He earned almst enugh t supprt his mther and his little sister.
【答案】【小题31】always【小题32】returning【小题33】hnest【小题34】brushes【小题35】crner
【小题36】nice【小题37】plite【小题38】cllected【小题39】dear【小题40】manage
【解析】31. 句意：他想帮助他的母亲，因为她不能总是挣到足够的钱为他的小家庭买食物。分析句子结构可知，此句不缺任何成分，此空应填副词作状语。根据“He wanted t help his mther ”可知，他想帮助妈妈是因为妈妈总是无法赚取足够的钱，always“总是”，频度副词，故填always。
32. 句意：一天，一个人给了他一美元作为归还他丢失的钱包的报酬。根据“S he gave the pcketbk back t the man”可知，他把别人丢失的钱包还给了对方，对方以一美元作为报酬，return“归还”，介词fr后接动名词，故填returning。
33. 句意：但是他的妈妈教过他要诚实。be后接形容词作表语，根据“ never t keep what did nt belng t him”可知，妈妈告诉他要诚实，hnest“诚实的”，故填hnest。
34. 句意：他用那一美元买了一个盒子、三个刷子和一些鞋油。根据“Plish yur bts, please”可知，他买的这些工具是为了给别人刷鞋油，结合所给首字母，brush“刷子”，three后接复数名词，故填brushes。
35. 句意：然后他走到街道的拐角处。根据常识，通常都是在街道拐角处设置给别人刷鞋油的摊位，crner“角落”，故填crner。
36. 句意：对每一个鞋子不好看的人说。根据“Plish yur bts”可知，是询问那些鞋子看起来不美观的人，是否需要刷鞋服务，lk是系动词，后接形容词nice“漂亮的”作表语，故填nice。
37. 句意：他很礼貌，男士们很快就注意到了他，并让他给他们擦鞋。根据“gentlemen sn began t ntice him, and t let him plish their bts”可知，他的礼貌举止让别人很快注意到了他，plite“礼貌的”，故填plite。
38. 句意：第一天，他挣了50多美分，拿去给妈妈买吃的。根据“which he gave t his mther t buy fd with”可知，他通过刷鞋挣了50多美分，cllect“收集”，描述过去发生的事情，句子用一般过去时，故填cllected。
39. 句意：Henry，你是个可爱的好孩子。此空缺少形容词修饰名词“by”，根据“gd by”可知，此空也应是一个褒义词，结合首字母，dear“可爱的”符合，故填dear。
40. 句意：但现在我想我们可以好好活着了。根据“He earned almst enugh t supprt his mther and his little sister.”可知，他挣到的钱几乎可以养得起他妈妈和妹妹，因此全家因为亨利挣的钱可以过得更好。manage t d sth.“设法做某事”，情态动词can后接动词原形，故填manage。