中考英语阅读理解热点话题分类训练（中考真题+名校最新模拟题）专题06 航空航天同步练习（含答案）

这是一份中考英语阅读理解热点话题分类训练（中考真题+名校最新模拟题）专题06 航空航天同步练习（含答案），共21页。
（2022·广西河池·中考真题）On Dec. 9, three Chinese astrnauts gave a science lecture 400 kilmeters abve Earth! Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu wh are wrking abard the Tiangng space statin, shwed ur students a glimpse f their life there. They als did sme fun science experiments. Let’s take a lk at sme f them.
Use it r lse it
The human bdy grws with the pull f Earth’s gravity（重力）. But in space, ur bnes and muscles（肌肉） dn’t need t supprt ur bdy’s weight. This will cause bne and muscle lss. It’s reprted that astrnauts can lse up t 20% f their muscles after just a cuple f weeks. That is dangerus fr astrnauts because they will be t weak t wrk.
Astrnauts have different ways t prevent this. During the lecture, Zhai intrduced a special unifrm Ye was wearing. It’s called a “penguin suit”. There are many elastic bands（弹力带） inside the suit. Wearing it, astrnauts use their muscles t stretch（拉伸） the bands. This keeps their muscles strng. Wang als shwed students hw she walked n a treadmill（跑步机） and rde a bicycle. Astrnauts exercise with these tls every day t prevent muscle lss.
Space water is different
Water in space acts differently frm water n Earth in ther ways. Fr example, water will nt flw（流动） dwnward if yu try t pur it int a cup. That’s why astrnauts usually drink water thrugh straws（吸管） in sealed（密封的）bags. If astrnauts cry, the tears will stay n their eyeballs instead f falling dwn. They have t wipe（擦拭） them away！
During anther experiment, Wang made a water film（膜）. Then she added mre water drps nt the film t make it a water ball. This can never happen n Earth.
1．The astrnauts gave a ________ lecture 400 kilmeters abve Earth n Dec. 9.
A．scienceB．ChineseC．histryD．gegraphy
2．The astrnauts might becme weak in the space because ________.
A．their bdies will stp grwing
B．they have t wrk fr lng hurs
C．they might lse sme f their muscles
D．their muscles have t supprt mre weight
3．Zhai shwed ________ t the students during the lecture.
A．Earth’s gravityB．a “penguin suit”C．a treadmillD．a bicycle
4．Which is NOT TRUE abut water in space?
A．If astrnauts cry, the tears will stay n their eyeballs.
B．If astrnauts pur the water int a cup, it will flw dwnward.
C．If astrnauts add mre water drps nt the film, it will becme a water ball.
D．The astrnauts usually drink water thrugh straws in sealed bags.
5．The wrd “_________” can best describe the lecture in space.
A．BringB．CarelessC．DangerusD．Eye-pening
（2022·山东菏泽·中考真题）
What des the underlined phrase “fastest ice” refer t?
A．An AI rbt.B．The Ice Ribbn.C．A camera.
7．What can we knw abut the Shenzhu-13?
A．It stayed in space fr abut ne year.
B．It carried fur Chinese astrnauts in space.
C．It safely landed back n Earth n April 16, 2022.
8．What is the purpse f setting up the weather statin n Qmlangma?
A．T study the effects f climate changes there.
B．T reach the tp f Qmlangma mre easily.
C．T get the exact height f Qmlangma.
（2022·四川雅安·中考真题）Sharing the Lng Jurney
The six-mnth stay fr Chinese astrnauts in the Tiangng space statin has just ended. Befre they returned t the earth, they faced ne last test—returning hme safely. What had they dne befre they left the statin?
T g hme after a lng jurney, yu have t pack up. Besides their persnal things, astrnauts als need t bring hme experimental data and samples (资料和样品) fr further research n Earth.
The three astrnauts als needed t clean “the huse”. They must cllect leftver fd and the waste. The waste was put int the rbital mdule (轨道舱). It burned up as it enters Earth’satmsphere (大气层).
The astrnauts must als put equipment (设备) back in place. They needed t make sure that things like gym equipment are fixed t the walls fr safety.
Astrnauts experience micrgravity (微重力) fr lng perids f time. This affects their bdies. The three astrnauts did physical exercises t keep strng. Experts made exercise plans fr each f them t land safely.
Tiangng space statin will be cmpleted befre the end f this year. Other astrnauts will be sent there fr further tasks.
9．Hw lng did the three Chinese astrnauts stay in the space statin?
A．Six mnths.B．Seven mnths.C．Eleven mnths.D．One year.
10．What did they bring back t Earth?
A．Waste.B．Equipment.
C．Leftver fd.D．Experimental data and samples.
11．What did they d with the waste?
A．They threw it away.B．They fixed it t the wall.
C．They put it int the rbital mdule.D．They brught it back t the earth.
12．What des the underlined wrd “them” in Paragraph S refer t?
A．Experts.B．Astrnauts.C．Exercises.D．Experiments.
13．What is the writer’s purpse f writing the passage?
A．T intrduce Tiangng space statin.
B．T intrduce astrnauts’ physical exercises.
C．T tell the imprtance f the astrnauts’ wrk.
D．T tell the returning f the Chinese astrnauts frm space.
（2022·贵州毕节·中考真题）China has fur satellite launch bases（卫星发射基地）. They are Jiuquan in Gansu, Xichang in Sichuan, Taiyuan in Shanxi and Wenchang in Hainan.
Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center which was funded（建立）in 1958 is ne f the fur famus satellite launch bases in China. The center has created eight prud firsts fr China’s space industry. On April 21, 1970, China’s first man-made earth satellite was raised there. The Lng March 2F rcket carrying the Shenzhu XII manned spacecraft blasted ff（发射）frm Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in June, 2021.
Xichang Satellite Launch Center, als knwn as Xichang Satellite City, was funded in 1970. After 37 years f develpment, the center has thusands f sets f excellent equipment（设备）. It is knwn as the “Oriental Hustn（东方休斯顿）”.
Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center was funded in 1967. The center has launched China’s first weather satellite “Fengyun-1”, making nine firsts in the histry f China’s satellite launches.
Wenchang Space Launch Center（funded in 2009）is nw the furth satellite launch center f China. Because it is nly 19 degrees away frm the equatr（赤道）, mre rcket lads（负载）are pssible, making it the center f China’s space develpment in the future.
14．Hw many satellite launch bases are there in China accrding t the passage?
A．There are three.B．There are fur.C．There are five.D．There are six.
15．What des the underlined wrds “manned spacecraft” mean in Chinese?
A．载人飞船B．宇宙空间站C．航空航天器D．人造地球卫星
16．Which center is knwn as the “Oriental Hustn”?
A．Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center.B．Xichang Satellite Launch Center.
C．Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center.D．Wenchang Space Launch Center.
17．Chse the rder f the fundatin（成立）time f the fur centers accrding t the fllwing:
①Jiuquan ②Xichang ③Taiyuan ④Wenchang
A．①②③④B．③①④②C．③④②①D．①③②④
18．Which f the fllwing is NOT right?
A．The center f Taiyuan has made nine firsts since 1967.
B．The Shenzhu XII manned spacecraft blasted ff in June, 2021.
C．The center f Jiuquan has created eight prud firsts since 1968.
D．The center f Wenchang will be the center f China’s space develpment.
（2022·浙江杭州·中考真题）Can anyne be an astrnaut?
Of curse nt. Yu dn’t have t have a science degree but mst astrnauts d. Mst f them are pilts t. Life in a spaceship is hard s yu must have a healthy bdy and mind. Yu need t be easy-ging, patient, and helpful t spend s much time in a small space with ther peple.
What’s the training like?
Peple have t train fr a year t learn hw t stay healthy and safe. They practise space walking and living in zer gravity(重力). They train in difficult cnditins t learn hw t slve prblems and t wrk in a team. Everyday tasks like eating, washing and sleeping can be difficult n a spaceship. There is n running water s yu have t wash with wet tissues: it’s hard t enjy the dry fd that astrnauts have t eat. And t sleep yu must cver yur eyes because the sun rises every 90 minutes n the Internatinal Space Statin. Yu als have t tie yurself t smething s yu dn’t fly away!
What health prblems d astrnauts have?
Life in zer gravity causes changes t ur bdies. Bnes and muscles(肌肉) becme thin and weak s yu must d a lt f exercise in space t stay fit and t help the heart mve bld arund yur bdy. Astrnauts ften get backache because yu grw in space— up t 8 centimeters! It’s als cmmn t have headaches and t feel sick, especially at the beginning. Yu must have vitamins t take the place f fresh fruit and vegetables. But yu dn’t have t put n sun cream because space suits can prtect yur skin (皮肤).
Are yu still interested?
19．What is a must fr an astrnaut?
A．A science degree.B．A pilt’s license.
C．A healthy bdy and mind.D．A weak character.
20．What must yu d t prepare fr a space trip?
A．Experience zer gravity.B．Wash with running water.
C．Practise lng walks.D．Sleep with yur eyes pen.
21．Why d astrnauts have t exercise in space?
A．T make their bnes and muscles thinner.
B．T help the heart wrk well and keep fit.
C．T avid backache and grw much taller.
D．T stp their skins frm getting sunburned.
22．What is the text maily abut?
A．What we need t knw t becme an astrnaut.
B．Why yung peple are interested in space trips?
C．What prblems astrnauts must slve in space.
D．Why we need t train hard befre a space trip.
（2022·湖北湖北·中考真题）Online classes in space gt lts f attentin amng Chinese students. The “classrm” in space statin is abut 400 kilmeters away frm the earth. The space classes make the yung be prud f ur cuntry. As a special “teacher”, Wang Yaping is regarded as “the mst beautiful astrnaut”.
Wang Yaping was brn in a small village in Shandng in 1980. She studied hard all thse years. She was gd at all subjects, especially sprts. Luckily, in 1997, she was accepted by the Air Frce, Changchun Flight Academy.
Wang’s space dream started in 2003, when China sent its first astrnaut Yang Liwei int space. She tld herself, “China nw has a male astrnaut. When will there be a female ne?” At that time, Wang was a pilt in the Chinese army. After having safe flights fr 1,600 hurs during nine years in the training center, Wang was a strng candidate (候选人) t becme an astrnaut in 2010. In 2013, Wang realized her space dream. She was sent t space by Shenzhu-10. She jined the team f Shenzhu-13 in 2021 and flew int the space fr the secnd time.
Hwever, it is difficult t be an astrnaut. She has t experience a lt f pain that mst peple can’t stand and keep training all the time. Wang Yaping tld Xinhua, “The space envirnment wn’t change because yu are a wman.” She pushed herself hard, getting the same training as men, including the pull-ups and barbells (杠铃). That finally made her dream cme true.
“Yu are n the way t success as lng as yu stick t yur dreams.” Wang Yaping said. She set a gd example t the yung. Millins f students are encuraged and inspired by the mst beautiful astrnaut.
23．Hw far is the space statin frm the earth?
A．Abut 2,400 kilmeters.B．Abut 1,800 kilmeters.
C．Abut 400 kilmeters.D．Abut 600 kilmeters.
24．When was Wang Yaping brn?
A．In 1979.B．In 1980.C．In 1997.D．In 2013.
25．Which f the fllwing is TRUE accrding t the passage?
A．Wang did well in all subjects except sprts.
B．Wang tk part in Shenzhu-10 tasks in 2003.
C．Wang flew int the space fr the secnd time in 2021.
D．Wang’s training was different frm men astrnauts’.
26．What made Wang Yaping achieve her dream?
A．Beautiful lk.B．Strng spirit.C．Nice family.D．Gd luck.
27．What’s the best title f this passage?
A．The Mst Beautiful AstrnautB．The Special Space Classes
C．The Intrductin t ScienceD．The Life in Space Statin
（2022·甘肃平凉·中考真题）
Life in Outer Space
Chinese taiknauts Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu carried ut the Shenzhu-13 spaceflight missin (任务) that started n Oct. 15, 2021. This missin lasts 6 mnths, which was als a natinal recrd. Zhai is the cmmander (指令长) wh perfrmed China’s first spacewalk in the Shenzhu-7 missin in 2008. Wang, wh was in the Shenzhu-10 missin in 2013, is the first Chinese wman astrnaut t visit China’s space statin. Ye is a new cmer t space.
The tri had carried ut tw spacewalks and cmpleted mre than 20 scientific tasks. Besides their tasks, they had als given tw live lectures frm the space statin, shwing the students their living and wrking areas at the Tianhe cre mdule and several scientific experiments under zer-gravity cnditins and answering real-time questins frm students.
The tri als became the first Chinese t spend the natin’s mst imprtant festival — the Chinese Lunar New Year — in uter space.
They returned t Earth n April 16, 2022 and made Shenzhu-13 missin a great success.
阅读以上新闻稿，根据其内容回答其后各个小题。
28．Hw lng was the missin that was carried ut by the taiknauts?
A．13 mnths.B．10 mnths.C．7 mnths.D．6 mnths.
29．What des the underlined “ tri ” prbably mean?
A．A grup f tw.B．A grup f three.C．A grup f fur.D．A grup f five.
30．Which paragraph tells us what the taiknauts had mainly dne in this missin in space?
A．Paragraph 1.B．Paragraph 2.C．Paragraph 3.D．Paragraph 4.
31．What wuld be the mst suitable t replace ________ in the picture?
A．Cmmander Zhai held a pair f cuplets and wished the Chinese peple gd health.
B．Wang, with a red balln in hand, wished children acrss the cuntry healthy grwth.
C．Ye held a sticker with the Chinese character “ fu, ” and wished the Chinese peple a happy Lunar New Year.
D．The taiknauts have put up red lanterns, Chinese knts and paper-cut craft t celebrate the Chinese New Year.
32．Which f the fllwing is NOT true?
A．All the three taiknauts had been t the space befre.B．Zhai Zhigang is a cmmander.
C．The tri gave tw live lectures frm the space statin.D．They returned t earth in mid-April.
（2022·浙江金华·中考真题）Many peple may wnder what the three Chinese astrnauts’ life was like when wrking in space. In fact, they did many f the things as we d n Earth.
They brush their teeth, wash their hair and g t the bathrm. Hwever, because f the micrgravity（失重）envirnment, they take care f themselves in different ways. They wash their hair by using the nrinse shamp t get it clean because there are n real shwers in the spaceship.
Astrnauts eat three meals a day: breakfast, lunch and dinner. But hw much they eat depends n the astrnauts. A small wman astrnaut ften needs nly abut 1,900 calries（卡路里）a day, while a large man requires abut 3,200 calries. S there are many kinds f fds ready, such as fruits, nuts, chicken, beef and seafd. They can als drink cffee, tea and range juice.
Astrnauts can have much fun, t. They lk ut f the windw, enjying the wnderful sunsets and sunrises which happen every 45 minutes. Very ften, they play with their fd r even jkes n their wrkmates. Believe it r nt, astrnauts can even spend weekends, when they can watch mvies, play music, read bks and talk t their families.
After a lng day at wrk, ________. Just like n Earth, an astrnaut ges t bed at a certain time, then wakes up and prepares fr wrk again. But there are a few differences. Astrnauts have t sleep in sleeping bags in special cabins（柜子）. Generally, astrnauts are planned t have eight hurs f sleep. Like n Earth, they may wake up in the middle f their sleep t use the tilet. And astrnauts als have dreams.
As fr Wang Yaping, she had anther experience—preparing fr lessns fr the Chinese students far dwn n Earth.
33．The passage mainly talks abut ________.
A．hw astrnauts wrk in spaceB．what it is like inside a spaceship
C．what kind f peple can be astrnautsD．astrnauts’ daily life in the spaceship
34．Frm the passage we can learn that astrnauts ________.
A．have t take shwers every tw daysB．are nt allwed t play jkes in space
C．can have many kinds f fds fr their mealsD．seldm have dreams when they sleep in space
35．Which f the fllwing can be put in the ________ in Paragraph 5?
A．it is time t make a phne callB．reading is what an astrnaut needs
C．listening t music sunds like a gd ideaD．nthing is better than a gd night’s sleep
36．What was Wang Yaping’s special experience in space?
A．Making different kinds f fds.B．Taking care f the ther astrnauts.
C．Writing a reprt abut space travel.D．Giving a lessn t students n Earth.
（2022·福建·福州华伦中学三模）British peple are lking fr up t 15 trees that were flwn arund the Mn as seeds（种子）51 years ag. Abut 500 seeds were taken int space by astrnauts n the Apll 14 Mn missin（任务）, and later planted acrss the US and ther cuntries. It is thught that sme culd nw be fully grwn trees in the UK, but there are n recrds abut the prject.
The Mn Tree prject was the idea f Apll 14 astrnaut Stuart Rsa. When the head f the US Frest Service learned this, he called Rsa with the idea f carrying hundreds f seeds alng n his missin, t study hw they wuld be influenced by cnditins in space.
Studies f Mn Trees in the US have fund n great difference between them and thers whse seeds never left Earth. Als, trees grwn frm the seeds f Mn Trees als seem t be unchanged. Earlier last year, US space agency NASA marked Apll 14’s 50th anniversary（周年纪念）by publishing infrmatin n the lcatins f the US Mn Trees. The anniversary als wanted t find ut if rumrs（传言）f Mn Trees in the UK are true r nt. The Ryal Astrnmical Sciety is wrking with the UK Space Agency t slve the riddle. It is believed that sme f the seeds did make it t the UK, but wrking ut where they are is difficult.
Nw, experts in ther plant and tree-related rganizatins, including Kew Gardens, haven’t been able t find any recrds, and until they are unearthed, it seems that the lcatins f the UK Mn Trees will remain a mystery.
37．What’s the purpse f the Mn Tree prject?
A．T mark Apll 14’s 50th anniversary.
B．T grw plants in space and study them.
C．T slve the mystery f the plants grwn in the UK.
D．T plant seeds frm Apll 14 acrss the US and ther cuntries.
38．What time did the Mn Tree prject begin?
A．In 1969.B．In 1970.C．In 1971.D．In 1972.
39．The underlined wrd “riddle” refers t（指） “_________”.
A．studies f Mn TreesB．studies f Earth Trees
C．the lcatins f the US Mn TreesD．the lcatins f the UK Mn Trees
40．What is the right rder f the fllwing events?
a. Peple are nt sure abut the lcatins f the trees in the UK.
b. NASA published infrmatin abut the US Mn Trees.
c. Rsa was asked t take seeds alng n his missin.
d. Rsa came up with the Mn Tree prject idea.
e. The seeds were planted in the US and ther cuntries.
A．c-d-e-b-aB．e-d-c-b-aC．d-c-e-b-aD．a-d-c-e-b
41．What wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A．Apll 14 Mn MissinB．The Missing UK Mn Trees
C．500 Seeds Taken Int SpaceD．Apll 14 Astrnaut Stuart Rsa
（2022·福建泉州·二模）April 24th, 2022 is the seventh Space Day f China. Mre than tw hundred space activities will be held at the Space Day f China, said an fficial frm the China Natinal Space Administratin (中国国家航天局). The 2022 Space Day f China aims t encurage the public t learn scientific knwledge, create new ideas and carry frward the scientific spirit.
Xi called fr giving full play t the advantages f the new system f pling natinal resurces and strengths, imprving independent inventins, strengthening (加强) ttal planning and wrking harder t help the creative develpment f China’s space science, space technlgies and space applicatins (应用). He als stressed leading internatinal cperatin (合作) and making better cntributins t humanity’s well-being.
In the same mnth, three Chinese astrnauts f the Shenzhu-13 manned spaceship have cmpleted their six-mnth space statin missin and returned t the earth safely. Zhai Zhigang and his crewmates spent 183 days in an rbit (轨道) abut 400 kilmeters abve the earth after their Shenzhu-13 spacecraft was launched n Octber 16th by a Lng March 2F carrier rcket frm the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in nrthwest China’s Gbi Desert. The crew set a recrd fr China’s lngest spaceflight.
During their space jurney, the astrnauts carried ut tw spacewalks that ttaled mre than 12 hurs. The crew members als gave tw science lectures fr Chinese students. Wang Yaping tk part in the first spacewalk n Nvember 7th, becming the first female Chinese spacewalker.
We are all lking frward t the future six space tasks, including that the Shenzhu-14 crew will have three astrnauts and they will take ff frm the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in nrthwestern China in June t Tiangng and wrk there fr six mnths.
42．Space Day f China started in ________.
A．2016B．2017C．2018D．2019
43．The underlined wrd “stressed” in Paragraph 2 means ________ in Chinese.
A．重复B．强调C．推荐D．背诵
44．Paragraph 3 is mainly abut ________.
A．three astrnauts carried ut tw spacewalks
B．the crew members gave tw science lectures
C．Shenzhu-13 spacecraft was launched n Octber 16th
D．Three astrnauts successfully cmpleted their space statin missin
45．What is the same pint between Shenzhu-13 and Shenzhu-14?
A．They have the same astrnauts.
B．They start ut in the same mnth.
C．They take ff frm the same launch center.
D．They stay in the space statin fr nearly 240 days.
46．What’s the best title f the text?
A．Jiuquan Satellite Launch CenterB．Our Cuntry’s Great Space Industry
C．Shenzhu-14 and Its Three AstrnautsD．The Future Six Space Tasks in Our Cuntry
The Beijing Winter Olympic Games were held frm February 4 t 20, 2022 in three cmpetitin areas—dwntwn Beijing, its nrthwest Yanqing and Zhangjiaku in Hebei Prvince. High-tech things are everywhere, frm the AI rbts in the Olympic village, the referee system camera（裁判系统摄像机）t the building f the 12,000-square-meter grund f Ice Ribbn（冰丝带）. The Ice Ribbn was als called the “fastest ice” by the players t help them achieve their best perfrmances.
Astrnauts Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu were ut f the return capsule（返回舱）f the Shenzhu-13 spaceship at the Dngfeng landing site in Nrth China’s Inner Mnglia n Saturday mrning, April 16, 2022. The three astrnauts were all in gd physical cnditin. They cmpleted six-mnth space tasks, including tw spacewalks and tw science lectures. During their time in space, they made many achievements fr China’s space prgram.
Chinese researchers reached the tp f Qmlangma n Wednesday, May 4, 2022. They set up the wrld’s highest weather statin at a height f 8,800 meters t study the effects f climate（气候）changes n the envirnment f the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau（青藏高原）. The statin allwed Chinese scientists t directly cllect infrmatin fr the first time frm the tp f the wrld’s highest muntain, which is 8,848.86 meters high.
参考答案：
1．A
2．C
3．B
4．B
5．D
【导语】
本文是一篇记叙文。短文讲述了12月9日，中国的三位航天员在“天宫”空间站给地球上的学生们上的一节大开眼界的科学课。
1．
细节理解题。根据“On Dec.9, three Chinese astrnauts gave a science lecture 400 kilmeters abve Earth!”可知在12月9日，中国的三位航天员在地球上方400公里的地方上了一堂科学课。故选A。
2．
细节理解题。根据“It’s reprted that astrnauts can lse up t 20% f their muscles after just a cuple f weeks. That is dangerus fr astrnauts because they will be t weak t wrk.”可知据报道，航天员可以在几个星期内就失去他们身上20%的肌肉。这对航天员来说是非常危险的，因为他们会变得虚弱而无法工作。故选C。
3．
细节理解题。根据“During the lecture, Zhai intrduced a special unifrm Ye was wearing. It’s called a “penguin suit”.”可知在讲座中，翟志刚向大家介绍了叶光富身上正穿着的一种特殊的服装，叫做“企鹅服”。故选B。
4．
推理判断题。根据“Fr example, water will nt flw（流动） dwnward if yu try t pur it int a cup.”可知如果你尝试把水倒进一个杯子里，水是不会往下流动的。选项B“如果航天员把水倒进一个杯子里，水是会往下流的。”表述错误。故选B。
5．
推理判断题。根据“This can never happen n Earth”可知在空间站所做的科学实验，在地球上是从来不可能发生的，说明这些实验让人“大开眼界”，可用eye-pening来形容。故选D。
6．B
7．C
8．A
【导语】
本文是一篇新闻报道。介绍了一些时事要闻，主要包括北京冬奥会、神州3名航天员成功返航和中国在珠穆朗玛峰建立气象站。
6．
词句猜测题。根据“The Ice Ribbn was als called the “fastest ice” by the players t help them achieve their best perfrmances.”可知冰丝带也被运动员们称为“最快的冰”，以帮助他们获得最佳表现。由此可知fastest ice指的是“The Ice Ribbn”。故选B。
7．细节理解题。根据“Astrnauts Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu were ut f the return capsule（返回舱）f the Shenzhu-13 spaceship at the Dngfeng landing site in Nrth China’s Inner Mnglia n Saturday mrning, April 16, 2022.”可知在2022年4月16日，星期六上午，翟志刚、王亚平和叶光富在中国北部内蒙古的东风着陆场，从神舟13号飞船的返回舱中出来，由此可知神舟13号于2022年4月16日安全降落回地球。故选C。
8．
细节理解题。根据“They set up the wrld’s highest weather statin at a height f 8,800 meters t study the effects f climate（气候） changes n the envirnment f the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau（青藏高原）.”可知他们在8800米的高度建立了世界上最高的气象站，以研究气候变化对青藏高原环境的影响。故选A。
9．A
10．D
11．C
12．B
13．D
【导语】
本文主要介绍了宇航员从太空安全返回地球的一系列准备活动。
9．
细节理解题。根据“The six-mnth stay fr Chinese astrnauts in the Tiangng space statin has just ended”可知，在太空待了6个月，故选A。
10．
细节理解题。根据“Besides their persnal things, astrnauts als need t bring hme experimental data and samples (资料和样品) fr further research n Earth”可知，除了个人物品，宇航员还需要把实验数据和样本带回家，以便在地球上进行进一步的研究，故选D。
11．
细节理解题。根据“The waste was put int the rbital mdule”可知，废物被送入轨道舱，故选C。
12．
词义猜测题。根据“Astrnauts experience micrgravity (微重力) fr lng perids f time”及“Experts made exercise plans fr each f them t land safely”可知，因为宇航员长时间经历微重力，所以专家们为他们每个人制定了安全着陆的训练计划，所以they指代astrnauts，故选B。
13．
主旨大意题。根据“Befre they returned t the earth, they faced ne last test—returning hme safely. What had they dne befre they left the statin”可知，本文主要介绍了宇航员从太空安全返回地球的一系列准备活动，故选D。
14．B
15．A
16．B
17．D
18．C
【导语】
本文主要介绍了中国的四个卫星发射基地。
14．
细节理解题。根据“China has fur satellite launch bases”可知，中国有四个卫星发射基地，故选B。
15．
词义猜测题。根据“The Lng March 2F rcket carrying the Shenzhu XII manned spacecraft blasted ff（发射）frm Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in June, 2021”及常识可知，长征2F火箭搭载神舟十二号载人飞船在酒泉卫星发射中心升空，所以manned spacecraft表示“载人飞船”，故选A。
16．
细节理解题。根据“Xichang Satellite Launch Center, als knwn as Xichang Satellite City…It is knwn as the ‘Oriental Hustn（东方休斯顿）’.”可知，西昌卫星发射中心被称为“东方休斯顿”，故选B。
17．
细节理解题。根据“Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center which was funded（建立）in 1958”，“Xichang Satellite Launch Center, als knwn as Xichang Satellite City, was funded in 1970”，“Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center was funded in 1967”，“Wenchang Space Launch Center（funded in 2009）”可知，建立时间的排序为：酒泉①—太原③—西昌②—文昌④，故选D。
18．
推理判断题。根据“Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center which was funded（建立）in 1958 is ne f the fur famus satellite launch bases in China. The center has created eight prud firsts fr China’s space industry”可知，酒泉卫星发射中心从1958年开始为中国航天工业创造了八个令人自豪的第一，而不是1968年，C表述错误，故选C。
19．C
20．A
21．B
22．A
【导语】
本文主要讲述了要成为一名宇航员我们需要知道什么。
19．细节理解题。根据“Life in a spaceship is hard s yu must have a healthy bdy and mind.”可知，在宇宙飞船里的生活是艰苦的，所以你必须有一个健康的身体和思想；故选C。
20．细节理解题。根据“They practise space walking and living in zer gravity. ”可知，必须练习太空行走和零重力生活；故选A。
21．细节理解题。根据“Life in zer gravity causes changes t ur bdies. Bnes and muscles bec thin and weak s yu must d a lt f exercise in space t stay fit and t help the heart mve bld arund yur bdy.”可知，零重力环境下的生活使我们的身体发生变化，必须通过练习来保持健康和心脏运行正常；故选B。
22．主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，主要讲述了要成为一名宇航员我们需要知道什么；故选A。
23．C
24．B
25．C
26．B
27．A
【导语】
本文主要介绍了中国最美宇航员——王亚平。
23．
细节理解题。根据“The “classrm” in space statin is abut 400 kilmeters away frm the earth”可知空间站距离地球约400公里。故选C。
24．
细节理解题。根据“Wang Yaping was brn in a small village in Shandng in 1980”可知她出生在1980年。故选B。
25．
细节理解题。根据“She jined the team f Shenzhu-13 in 2021 and flew int the space fr the secnd time”可知2021年加入神舟十三号团队，第二次飞入太空。故选C。
26．
推理判断题。根据“She pushed herself hard, getting the same training as men, including the pull-ups and barbells (杠铃). That finally made her dream cme true”可知经过她不断的努力和训练，她的梦想实现了，所以是她的坚强让她实现了梦想。故选B。
27．
最佳标题题。根据“Wang Yaping is regarded as “the mst beautiful astrnaut”.”以及全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了中国最美宇航员——王亚平。故选A。
28．D
29．B
30．B
31．C
32．A
【导语】
本文介绍三位宇航员的太空生活。
28．
细节理解题。根据“This missin lasts 6 mnths”可知，任务持续6个月，故选D。
29．
词句猜测题。分析“The tri had carried ut tw spacewalks and cmpleted mre than 20 scientific tasks.”和前段介绍可知，此处指三位宇航员，所以tri的意思是“三人组”。故选B。
30．
段落大意题。根据第二段内容可知，本段主要介绍三位宇航员在太空做了什么任务，故选B。
31．
细节理解题。根据图片提示可知，是叶光富拿着福字，故选C。
32．
推理判断题。根据“Ye is a new cmer t space.”可知，叶光富是第一次上太空，故选A。
33．D
34．C
35．D
36．D
【导语】
本文主要介绍了太空中的生活是什么样的。
33．主旨大意题。根据“Many peple may wnder what the three Chinese astrnauts’ life was like when wrking in space”以及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了太空中的生活是什么样的。故选D。
34．细节理解题。根据“S there are many kinds f fds ready”可知宇航员有很多种类的食物可以吃。故选C。
35．推理判断题。根据“After a lng day at like n Earth, an astrnaut ges t bed at a certain time”可知在一天的工作之后，宇航员会去睡觉，选项D“没有什么比睡个好觉更好的了”放空格处更合适。故选D。
36．细节理解题。根据“she had anther experience—preparing fr lessns fr the Chinese students far dwn n Earth”可知王亚平的特殊经历是为远在地球上的中国学生备课。故选D。
37．B
38．C
39．D
40．C
41．B
【导语】
本文讲述月球树项目的实行以及英国月球树的消失的谜团。
37．细节理解题。根据第二段“When the head f the US Frest Service learned this, he called Rsa with the idea f carrying hundreds f seeds alng n his missin, t study hw they wuld be influenced by cnditins in space”可知，月球树项目是为了在太空种植树然后研究它们。故选B。
38．推理判断题。根据第一段“British peple are lking fr up t 15 trees that were flwn arund the Mn as seeds 51 years ag”可知51年之前这个项目开始的，可推断时间是在1971年。故选C。
39．词义猜测题。根据“British peple are lking fr up t 15 trees that were flwn arund the Mn as seeds”及“if rumrs f Mn Trees in the UK are true r nt”可知“riddle”指的是英国月球树的位置，C选项“the lcatins f the UK Mn Trees”符合。故选D。
40．推理判断题。根据“The Mn Tree prject was the idea f Apll 14 astrnaut Stuart Rsa”可知，鲁撒想出了月球树项目。根据“he called Rsa with the idea f carrying hundreds f seeds alng n his missin”可知，鲁撒被要求在执行任务的时候带着种子。根据“Abut 500 seeds were taken int space by astrnauts n the Apll 14 Mn missin, and later planted acrss the US and ther cuntries”可知，种子被美国和其他的国家种植。根据“NASA marked Apll 14’s 50th anniversary by publishing infrmatin n the lcatins f the US Mn Trees”可知，美国宇航局发布了关于美国月球树的信息。根据“British peple are lking fr up t 15 trees that were flwn arund the Mn”可知，人们不是很确定英国的树的位置。正确顺序是d-c-e-b-a。故选C。
41．标题概括题。根据“it seems that the lcatins f the UK Mn Trees will remain a mystery”可知，文章主要讲述的是英国月球树的消失的谜团，可归纳为“The Missing UK Mn Trees”。故选B。
42．A
43．B
44．D
45．C
46．B
【导语】
本文主要在讲述中国航空的发展。
42．
推理判断题，根据“April 24th, 2022 is the seventh Space Day f China.” 2022年4月24日是中国第七个航天日，可知应该是2016年开始的，故选A。
43．
词句猜测题，根据“giving full play t the advantages f the new system f pling natinal resurces and strengths …”这里提到要发挥集思广益、提高自主发明水平。“ He als stressed leading internatinal cperatin and making better cntributins t humanity’s well-being.”又提到要引领国际合作。可知应该是提高自主发明水平的同时，强调要引领国际合作，故选B。
44．
细节理解题，根据“In the same mnth, three Chinese astrnauts f the Shenzhu-13 manned spaceship have cmpleted their six-mnth space statin missin and returned t the earth safely.”神舟十三号载人飞船的三名中国宇航员完成了为期六个月的空间站任务，安全返回地球，可知三名宇航员成功地完成了他们的空间站任务，故选D。
45．
细节理解题，根据“Shenzhu-13 spacecraft was launched n Octber 16th by a Lng March 2F carrier rcket frm the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in nrthwest China’s Gbi Desert.”和“the Shenzhu-14 crew will have three astrnauts and they will take ff frm the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center”，可知它们从酒泉发射中心起飞，故选C。
46．
最佳标题，根据第一段“April 24th, 2022 is the seventh Space Day f China. Mre than tw hundred space activities will be held at the Space Day f China, … create new ideas and carry frward the scientific spirit.”可知本文主要在讲述中国航空的发展，故选B。