中考英语阅读理解热点话题分类训练（中考真题+名校最新模拟题）专题08 垃圾分类同步练习（含答案）

这是一份中考英语阅读理解热点话题分类训练（中考真题+名校最新模拟题）专题08 垃圾分类同步练习（含答案），共19页。试卷主要包含了B．Paragraph 4等内容，欢迎下载使用。
专题08 垃圾分类
（2021·广西梧州·中考真题）
Recycling is a way t take rubbish and turn it int new prducts. It’s helpful t ur envirnment. There are a number f different recycling steps that allw materials t be used mre than nce.
All kinds f materials can be recycled. Sme f the mst cmmn things in use tday include recycling plastic, glass, metals and paper. Things made f these materials include sda cans, plastic milk bxes, newspapers, cmputers and cardbard bxes.
There are a number f advantages fr recycling. These include: Landfills—Recycling materials means less rubbish and saves space in landfills. Resurces—When we use materials again, this means we can take fewer resurces frm the earth. Pllutin—in general, recycling materials can prduce less pllutin, helping t keep ur envirnment clean.
Be sure t recycle everything yu can in yur huse and schl. There is almst a “recycle” rubbish can arund. Be sure t drp yur used aluminum cans and plastic bttles there. At hme, be sure t put paper things like the newspapers, paper bxes, and hmewrk pages int the recycle bx.
Plastics are usually marked with an identificatin cde that shws a recycling symbl and a number frm 1 t 7. This shws that the type f chemicals, r materials, is used in making the plastic. Used paper can be recycled arund seven times.
It is high time we set up a recycle statin in every street, acrss the city and the cuntry, s the cleaners can transprt the rubbish cnveniently. This is the nly way ut fr handling rubbish withut causing danger t the envirnment and ur health. Fr urselves, ur children and ur children’s children, let’s take actin NOW!
1．Frm the first paragraph, we knw that ________.
A．we can make mre mney frm recycling
B．recycling is helpful t ur envirnment
C．recycling is cmmn and ppular
D．there is t much rubbish arund us
2．In paragraph 3, we knw that recycling has many advantages including ________.
A．less rubbishB．mre space
C．less pllutinD．all the abve
3．What kinds f materials are usually marked with an identificatin cde?
A．Paper.B．Plastics.C．Glass.D．Metals.
4．The underlined wrd “handling” in the last paragraph means ________ in Chinese.
A．处理B．生产C．收购D．变卖
5．What des the writer mainly want t tell us?
A．We shuld recycle everything in ur daily life.
B．Many resurces can be saved by recycling.
C．We shuld take actin t recycle rubbish.
D．Recycle statins shuld be set up in the street.
（2022·广东·河源市第二中学一模）
Accrding t the passage, the fish bnes(骨) shuld be thrwn in the ________ bin.
A．redB．blueC．greenD．yellw
7．Frm the passage, we can knw that ________ can be included with the PMD waste.
A．ygurt ptsB．plastic bagsC．drink bxesD．ut-f-date drugs
8．Which f the fllwing is true?
A．All kinds f paper can be recycled.
B．Used batteries shuld be thrwn int the blue bins.
C．There is infrmatin abut recycling n the schl website.
D．Mirrrs and light bulbs can be made int new glass bttles.
9．If yu give yur ld bike t the vlunteers, it will be ________.
A．sld t cllect mney fr the pr kidsB．given away immediately t the pr kids
C．fixed up and given back t yu fr freeD．fixed up and given away t the pr kids
10．The main purpse f this passage is ________.
A．t intrduce waste srting t the studentsB．t lk fr vlunteers fr waste srting
C．t intrduce the Wrld Envirnment DayD．t advertise glass, paper and plastic prducts
（2022·山东·金乡县教学研究室三模）
A new rubbish srting system has been put int use in Beijing. Lcal peple nt nly srt their rubbish, but als put QR cdes（二维码）n it.
“When the rubbish is cllected and the cdes are seen, I will get reward pints t exchange fr small gifts and even sme mney,” a lcal peple said. “It’s really creative and encuraging.”
This smart system has been carried ut in 350 cmmunities in Beijing. The capital f China has jined a list f cities in the cuntry that take actin t supprt rubbish srting. Fr example, Shenzhen and Shanghai have made laws t punish fr nt srting rubbish crrectly.
China prduces quite a lt f rubbish every year. Much f the rubbish is buried（填埋）in sil r burned withut being srted. Landfills（填埋场）take up a lt f land and have a risk f plluting the sil and water nearby. And burning rubbish can prduce harmful gases. Thrugh rubbish srting, we can reduce the use f landfills and air pllutin.
What’s mre, rubbish srting saves resurces, which culd bring ecnmic benefits（利益）. Fr example, a tn f waste paper can be reused t make abut 850kg f paper, saving 17 trees and 50 percent f water. Because f their benefits, sme cuntries have develped successful srting systems.
In Australia, every family is prvided with three rubbish bins—the red lid（盖子）bin fr “general waste” like fd and plastic bags, the yellw lid bin fr “recycling” like steel and glass, and the green lid bin fr “green waste” such as grass and leaves. On the streets, the bins are printed with pictures f the things that are allwed inside. It makes recycling quite easy.
11．When using the new rubbish system in Beijing, peple will use ________ .
A．B．C．D．
12．What are the cnsequences（后果）f burying rubbish?
①Plluting sil. ②Plluting water. ③Saving resurces. ④Taking up a lt f land. ⑤Prducing terrible air.
A．①②③B．②③④C．①③⑤D．①②④
13．In Australia, which bin shuld yu put fd left after dinner in?
A．The red lid bin.B．The yellw lid bin.
C．The green lid bin.D．The black lid bin.
14．Which f the fllwing is TRUE accrding t the text?
A．Shenzhen still hasn’t jined t take actin t srt rubbish.
B．Burying rubbish takes up lts f land and prduces pllutin.
C．Rubbish srting culd bring few ecnmic benefits.
D．Australia hasn’t develped ways f srting rubbish crrectly.
（2022·内蒙古·呼伦贝尔市海拉尔区教育研修中心一模）
In which clumn (专栏) f a newspaper can we prbably read this passage?
A．Sprts Reprt.B．Mvie Review.
C．Arund the Wrld.D．Advertisement.
16．What can help peple t srt rubbish prperly in China?
A．An app.B．A rbt.
C．cmputer technlgy.D．Gd habit.
17．In which cuntry d peple have a gd habit abut rubbish srting?
A．China.B．America.C．Canada.D．Japan.
18．Which is Nt True accrding t the passage?
A．A mini app in Alipay can type in the name f the rubbish.
B．A cmpany’s rbt in US can srt ver 60 kinds f rubbish every minute.
C．A cmpany in Canada uses cmputer technlgy t srt rubbish n a mving belt.
D．Japan has been practicing rubbish srting fr lts f years.
19．What is the main idea f the passage?
A．All cuntries have ways f rubbish srting.
B．Hw t srt rubbish.
C．Different ways f srting rubbish in 4 cuntries.
D．Rubbish Srting is quite imprtant and necessary.
（2022·浙江杭州·二模）We all knw that recycling rubbish is very imprtant. But smetimes it is nt s cnvenient when we can’t find a recycling bin anywhere.
Nw a team f middle schl students frm Nrth Dakta, US, has slved that prblem. They turned their idea int reality with their Recycling Bin App (应用程序). This app encurages peple t recycle. It prvides users with a map f lcal recycling centers. And it allws them t save lcatins as favrites. Besides, this app als reminds users t recycle.
The grup f nine sixth-graders is frm STEM Center Middle Schl. They came up with the idea as part f a schl prject fr the Verizn Innvative App Challenge. Their schl prvides prfessinal app training. It gave 10 teams Samsung tablets as prizes.
The cntest aims t develp interest in science, technlgy, engineering and math. In this cntest, students present an app design that culd slve a prblem in their schl r cmmunity. The nine students came up with the idea fr Recycling Bin when they saw a need fr mre recycling in their cmmunity.
“We thught that this wuld really help a lt f peple,” Jaden Hilkemann, 12, tld Time Fr Kids.
They kept their design simple s that anyne culd use it. Nw the free Recycling Bin App has been put int use in the app stre.
“I was s excited when it went up n the app stre,” Seralyn Blake, 12, said. “A lt f my family members dwnladed (下载) the app. It was pretty cl.”
20．What culd the Recycling Bin App prvide us?
A．A recycling bin.B．A recycling bike.
C．A recycling center.D．A map f lcal recycling centers.
21．Why did the nine six-graders want t design the app?
A．Because their teachers asked them t d s.
B．Because they saw the need fr mre recycling in their cmmunity.
C．Because they wanted t get successful.
D．Because they wanted t get the mney frm the schl.
22．What did the peple think f their app?
A．They thught it was expensive.B．They thught it was difficult t use.
C．They didn’t like it.D．They liked it and dwnladed it t use.
23．What is the best title f the passage?
A．Students’ App Can Help RecyclingB．Students’App Wn a Prize
C．Schl Prfessinal App TrainingD．A Recycling Bin App fr Schl
（2022·福建三明·二模）
A new rubbish srting system has been put int use in Beijing. Lcal peple nt nly srt their rubbish, but als put QR cdes（二维码）n it.
“When the rubbish is cllected and the cdes are seen, I will get reward pints t exchange fr small gifts and even sme mney,” a lcal peple said. “It’s really creative and encuraging.”
This smart system has been carried ut in 350 cmmunities in Beijing. The capital f China has jined a list f cities in the cuntry that take actin t supprt rubbish srting. Fr example, Shenzhen and Shanghai have made laws t punish fr nt srting rubbish crrectly.
China prduces quite a lt f rubbish every year. Much f the rubbish is buried（填埋）in sil r burned withut being srted. Landfills（填埋场）take up a lt f land and have a risk f plluting the sil and water nearby. And burning rubbish can prduce harmful gases. Thrugh rubbish srting, we can reduce the use f landfills and air pllutin.
What’s mre, rubbish siling saves resurces, which culd bring ecnmic benefits（利益）. Fr example, a tn f waste paper can be reused t make abut 850kg f paper, saving 17 trees and 50 percent f water. Because f their benefits, sme cuntries have develped successful srting systems.
In Australia, every family is prvided with three rubbish bins—the red lid（盖子）bin fr “general waste” like fd and plastic bags, the yellw lid bin fr “recycling” like steel and glass, and the green lid bin fr “green waste” such as grass and leaves. On the streets, the bins are printed with pictures f the things that are allwed inside. It makes recycling quite easy.
24．When using the new rubbish system in Beijing, peple will use ________.
A．B．C．D．
25．What are the cnsequences （后果）f burying rubbish?
①Plluting sil. ②Plluting water. ③Saving resurces.
④Taking up a lt f land.⑤Prducing terrible air.
A．①②③B．②③④C．①③⑤D．①②④
26．Which paragraph discusses the ecnmic benefits f rubbish srting?
A．Paragraph 3.B．Paragraph 4.C．Paragraph 5.D．Paragraph 6.
27．In Australia, which bin shuld yu put fd left after dinner in?
A．The red lid bin.B．The yellw lid bin.
C．The green lid bin.D．The black lid bin.
28．Which f the fllwing is TRUE accrding t the text?
A．Shenzhen still hasn’t jined t take actin t srt rubbish.
B．Burying rubbish takes up lts f land and prduces pllutin.
C．Rubbish srting culd bring few ecnmic benefits.
D．Australia hasn’t made laws t punish nt srting rubbish crrectly.
（2022·山东济南·二模）Shanghai intrduced a new garbage-srting plicy (垃圾分类政策) n July 1, 2019. Peple there need t put different kinds f garbage int different bins. Other cities in China will d the same sn.
Garbage srting is a big prblem because there is t much garbage these days. It is bad fr ur envirnment. In fact, we can make use f sme garbage again. But first, we need t srt it.
Fr example, if yu put an ld battery (电池) int the “harmful waste” bin, peple can use it t make new batteries. But if yu dn’t, the battery will end up smewhere else. Then, it will pllute the envirnment.
Garbage srting and recycling arund the wrld
Germany: There are big machines in supermarkets. Yu can put bttles in the machines and get mney back.
Japan: A truck playing music cmes t peple’s drs t pick up their garbage. There are eight r mre kinds f garbage. If yu srt any f them wrng, yu will get a ntice n yur dr.
Indnesia: Peple can take buses fr free if they give plastic bttles t bus statins. An hur-lng bus ride csts three large bttles.
Fur kinds f garbage in Shanghai
Recyclable garbage includes paper, bks, plastic items, and glass bttles. Harmful garbage includes lamps, batteries, and ther things with harmful chemicals. Wet garbage usually cmes frm the kitchen, such as fd and vegetables. Dry garbage is anything yu cannt put int the ther three bins such as pens and twels.
29．What can we learn frm Paragraph 1?
A．Many cuntries take Shanghai’s garbage-srting plicy.
B．Many ther cities in China have garbage-srting plicies.
C．Shanghai is the first city in China t make a garbage-srting plicy.
D．China is the first cuntry in the wrld t make a garbage-srting plicy.
30．The writer gives the “battery” example t tell us ________.
A．the imprtance f garbage srtingB．hw t srt ur garbage
C．what harmful waste isD．the difficulty f garbage srting
31．If yu ________, yu can take a free bus ride in Indnesia.
A．put bttles in a machineB．put garbage int different bins
C．get a ntice n the drD．take plastic bttles t the statin
32．Which bin shuld “newspapers” g t?
A．B．C．D．
33．Which is the best title fr the passage?
A．Srt Garbage, Save the EarthB．Less Garbage, Cleaner Envirnment
C．Clean Shanghai, Beautiful ChinaD．Different Cuntries, Different Plicies
（2022·云南红河·一模）When yu g n the street, in the neighbrhd and almst everywhere, yu can always see fur bins f different clrs. It’s what China is carrying ut (实施) — waste srting (分类).
At present, waste in ur life can mainly be divided int fur kinds: recyclable waste, kitchen waste, harmful waste and ther waste. Different kinds f waste shuld be put int different bins. Recyclable waste must be thrwn int the blue bin. Kitchen waste shuld be cllected in the green bin. Harmful waste shuld be in the red ne and the grey ne is fr ther waste.
D yu knw what recyclable waste means? It’s the material that can be recycled r reused, including paper, plastics, glass, metals and s n. The kitchen waste includes vegetable leaves, peel, bne and thers. Harmful waste is bad fr peple’s health and the envirnment. It needs t be carefully dealt with. Sme may be buried and sme may be burned.
There are many advantages f waste srting. It helps t turn the waste int useful things. Chinese peple, ld and yung, are learning envirnmental prtectin. Students in schls ften take part in envirnmental prjects. Actually, it’s nt difficult fr us t d this simple thing but ur actins can make a great difference t the city. S take actin nw. Each f us shuld play a part in saving the envirnment.
34．There are mainly ________ kinds f waste in ur life.
A．3B．4C．5D．6
35．Vegetable leaves shuld be put int the ________ bin.
A．redB．blueC．greenD．grey
36．Which f the fllwing desn’t belng t recyclable waste?
A．Paper.B．Glass.C．Metal.D．Peel.
37．Yu can read the passage in ________.
A．a science bkB．a stry bkC．a guide bkD．a travel diary
38．What’s the best title f the passage?
A．Waste SrtingB．Different Kinds f Waste
C．Recyclable MaterialsD．Ways t Save the Envirnment
（2022·浙江绍兴·一模）
Rubbish classificatin(分类)has swept China and becme a new fashin nwadays. Different cities are carrying ut different ways t imprve the living envirnment. What has been dne in Ningb? Let’s g and have a lk.
If anyne in Ningb desn’t put rubbish int trash bins prperly, he may be fined up t ________.
A．￥200B．￥500C．￥2,000D．￥5,000
40．It can be learnt frm the passage that Dabashu Recycle ________.
A．is a big recycling cmpany in Ningb
B．was put int use in Ningb in February, 2019
C．ffers peple gifts if they classify waste crrectly
D．teaches students hw t put waste int the right trash bin
41．The text mainly shws Ningb’s effrts in ________.
A．using new technlgyB．cutting dwn fd waste
C．imprving the envirnmentD．develping science educatin
（2022·安徽·一模）Shanghai is the first city t carry ut strict regulatins (规章) n garbage srting and recycling n July 1, 2019. Shanghai requires its residents (居民) t srt garbage int fur categries (类别), namely recyclable, harmful, dry and wet waste. If peple fail t srt their garbage prperly, they can be fined up t 200 yuan.
Since the regulatin tk effect, the amunt f ttal daily waste in Shanghai has been reduced by an average f 15, 500 tns, drpping 26 percent frm the end f 2018, while the average daily weight f recyclables hits 4, 500 tns, five times higher than the end f 2018, accrding t the Shanghai Landscaping and City Appearance Administrative Bureau.
The city als rebuilt 21, 000 waste-srting statins and mre than 40, 000 waste bins have been dated (更新). The city’s waste cllectin and transprtatin system is cmplete, accrding t the bureau.
“Prper waste srting prtects the envirnment and saves natural resurces,” said Deng Jianping, directr f the bureau. “Led by the central gvernment, Shanghai is making effrts t develp lng-term slutins t garbage management.”
Hwever, there have als been sme prblems. Sme peple cmplained that it is difficult t deal with wet garbage, as they are asked t remve wet garbage frm its bag when dumping (倾倒).
Accrding t the srting rules, the wet garbage must g in the wet waste bin and the bag must g in the dry waste bin. This separatin is necessary, as it ensures that the wet garbage will decmpse (分解) prperly and becme useful rganic (有机的) waste, the bureau said.
Plastic bags can affect this prcess. Sme peple in Shanghai are instead using paper bags that can bidegrade (生物降解) r plastic cntainers that can be washed and reused, accrding t Xinhua.
42．What shuld ne peple must d if he/she fails t srt their garbage prperly?
A．Pay fr tw hundred yuan.B．Study the regulatins.
C．Wrk fr the residents.D．Nthing t d.
43．Hw many waste-srting statins are rebuilt in Shanghai?
A．15, 500B．40, 000C．61, 000D．21, 000
44．What can we knw frm this article?
A．What Shanghai d fr their residents.
B．The reasn f the garbage-srting regulatin and sme achievements.
C．Hw Shanghai srts their garbage.
D．Hw t prtect ur envirnment.
It’s nt WASTE until it is WASTED!
With the Wrld Envirnment Day cming, ur schl is nw requiring every student t frm a habit f srting the waste. Here in ur schlyard we lay fur different clrs f rubbish bins fr different kinds f rubbish. The red is fr harmful waste; the blue is fr waste that can be recycled; the green is fr kitchen waste; the yellw is fr ther waste.
The fllwings are sme instructins fr yu.
Glass: Empty bttles withut caps can be recycled t make new glass bttles.
Warning: Mirrrs and light bulbs must nt be included in the glass waste.
Paper: Newspapers, magazines, bxes must be clean enugh t be recycled.
Warning: Paper tissues and wallpaper are nt recyclable as paper and shuld be kept separately.
PMD waste: Packaging made f Plastic r Metal and drink bxes are used t make new packaging.
Warning: Plastic pts (e.g. ygurt pts), plastic bags must nt be included in the PMD waste.
Harmful waste: ut-f-date drugs, used batteries(电池), paint and il …
Besides, if yu dn’t need yur ld bikes at all, ur schl vlunteers will cllect them. We’re ging t fix them up and then give them away t kids wh dn’t have enugh mney fr a bike.
T find ut mre abut recycling, yu can visit ur schl website.
Cuntries
Rubbish Srting (分类)
China
Sme peple might find it hard t tell which piece f rubbish ges in which bin. A mini app (应用软件) in Alipay (支付宝) can help. Type in the name f the rubbish and the app will give yu an answer right away.
The US
A cmpany’s rbt knws the rubbish smartly and quickly. It can srt fd bxes and drink bttles by scanning their lgs (图标). The rbt can srt 60 different kinds f rubbish per minute.
Canada
A cmpany uses cmputer technlgy t srt rubbish n a mving belt (皮带). The mre srting it des, the better it will perfrm, as it learns frm its wrk.
Japan
Rubbish srting has been practiced fr many years and Japanese peple have a gd habit f rubbish srting. Japanese peple cnsider it a shame when they make wrng srting.
A new law abut rubbish classificatin was passed in February, 2019. Accrding t the law, rubbish must be classified int recyclables, kitchen waste, harmful waste and ther waste. If a persn fails t put rubbish int trash bins prperly and refuses t crrect the mistake, he will be fined up t 200 yuan. Fr cmpanies, the fine can g up t 2,000-5,000yuan.
High technlgies are used t deal with rubbish classificatin. Dabashu Recycle, a smart rubbish classificatin machine, will prvide its users with nice gifts r mney thrugh an App after they put the waste int the right trash bin. It greatly encurages peple t learn t save waste fr better use and get int a gd habit f rubbish classificatin.
Many schls give lessns n rubbish classificatin and ffer students chances t put what they have learnt int practice by vlunteering. Theme activities like”Clean Yur Plate” are als carried ut t cut dwn n fd waste in schls. Besides, students are asked t write dwn their thughts and suggestins abut rubbish classificatin fr the gvernment.
参考答案：
1．B
2．D
3．B
4．A
5．C
【分析】
文章介绍了回收垃圾、重复利用的好处，都有利于环境的保护，对于我们以及我们的子孙后代都是非常有利的，并呼吁建立完善的回收机制，让资源得以保证，让环境得到净化。
1．
段落大意题。根据“Recycling is a way t take rubbish and turn it int new prducts. It’s helpful t ur envirnment. There are a number f different recycling steps that allw materials t be used mre than nce.”可知，本段主要说明回收对环境是有帮助的，故选B。
2．
细节理解题。根据“There are a number f advantages fr recycling. These include: Landfills—Recycling materials means less rubbish and saves space in landfills. Resurces—When we use materials again, this means we can take fewer resurces frm the earth. Pllutin—in general, recycling materials can prduce less pllutin, helping t keep ur envirnment clean.”可知，回收可以减少垃圾并节省空间，可以产生较少的污染，故选D。
3．
细节理解题。根据“Plastics are usually marked with an identificatin cde that shws a recycling symbl and a number frm 1 t 7.”可知，塑料通常标有一个标识码，故选B。
4．
词义猜测题。根据“This is the nly way ut fr handling rubbish withut causing danger t the envirnment and ur health.”可知，这是处理垃圾的唯一方法，不会对环境和我们的健康造成危险。所以单词“handling”指的是“处理”，故选A。
5．
主旨大意题。根据“Fr urselves, ur children and ur children’s children, let’s take actin NOW!”以及整个文章的理解可知，主要通过介绍垃圾回收的好处呼吁人们应该采取行动回收垃圾。故选C。
6．C
7．C
8．C
9．D
10．A
【导语】
本文主要介绍了垃圾分类的一些信息。
6．推理判断题。根据“the green is fr kitchen waste”可知鱼骨是厨房垃圾，应放入绿色垃圾桶，故选C。
7．细节理解题。根据“PMD waste: Packaging made f Plastic r Metal and drink bxes are used t make new packaging.”（PMD废物：用塑料或金属制成的包装和饮料盒用于制作新包装。）可知饮料盒属于PMD废物。故选C。
8．细节理解题。根据“T find ut mre abut recycling, yu can visit ur schl website.”可知学校网站上有关于回收利用的信息。故选C。
9．细节理解题。根据“Besides, if yu dn’t need yur ld bikes at all, ur schl vlunteers will cllect them. We’re ging t fix them up and then give them away t kids wh dn’t have enugh mney fr a bike.”可知如果你把你的旧自行车给志愿者，它将被修理好并送给贫穷的孩子们。故选D。
10．推理判断题。根据“With the Wrld Envirnment Day cming, ur schl is nw requiring every student t frm a habit f srting the waste. ”可推知作者写这篇文章是为了向学生介绍垃圾分类，故选A。
11．D
12．D
13．A
14．B
【导语】
本文是一篇新闻报道。文章简要介绍了北京新近投放使用的智能垃圾分类系统，并对垃圾处理方式这一问题进行说明，最后也介绍了澳大利亚的垃圾箱使用情况。
11．
细节理解题。根据第一段“Lcal peple nt nly srt their rubbish, but als put QR cdes（二维码）n it.”可知当地人不仅把他们的垃圾进行分类，还把二维码帖在上面。故选D。
12．
细节理解题。根据第四段“Landfills（填埋场）take up a lt f land and have a risk f plluting the sil and water nearby.”可知垃圾填埋场占用了大量的土地面积，对附近的土壤和水域也有污染的危险。故选D。
13．
推理判断题。根据最后一段“the red lid（盖子）bin fr “general waste” like fd and plastic bags”可知在澳大利亚，装像食物和塑料袋这类“一般垃圾”的垃圾箱是红色盖子的，说明要扔厨余垃圾应该扔在红色盖子的垃圾箱里。故选A。
14．
细节理解题。根据第四段“Landfills（填埋场）take up a lt f land and have a risk f plluting the sil and water nearby.”可知垃圾填埋场占用了大量的土地面积，对附近的土壤和水域也有污染的危险。故选B。
15．C
16．A
17．D
18．B
19．C
【导语】
本文介绍4个国家垃圾分类的方式。
15．
推理判断题。根据“Cuntries”一栏以及整篇内容介绍，可知这里是不同国家高科技垃圾分类的方式。因此最有可能在报纸的“世界各地”专栏看到这篇文章，故选C。
16．
细节理解题。根据“Sme peple might find it hard t tell which piece f rubbish ges in which bin. A mini app (应用软件) in Alipay (支付宝) can help.”可知，在中国，一个应用软件可以帮助中国人正确分类垃圾。故选A。
17．
细节理解题。根据“Rubbish srting has been practiced fr many years and Japanese peple have a gd habit f rubbish srting.”可知，在日本，人们养成了垃圾分类的好习惯。故选D。
18．
细节理解题。根据“The rbt can srt 60 different kinds f rubbish per minute.”可知，这个机器人每分钟可以分类60种不同的垃圾，而不是60多种垃圾，B项表示有误，故选B。
19．
主旨大意题。根据“Cuntries”和“Rubbish Srting (分类)”可知，本文主要介绍了4个国家垃圾分类的方式。故选C。
20．D
21．B
22．D
23．A
【导语】
本文主要介绍了一款由美国学生设计的帮助回收利用的应用程序。
20．细节理解题。根据第二段中“It prvides users with a map f lcal recycling centers.”可知这款应用程序为用户提供当地回收中心的地图。故选D。
21．细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“The nine students came up with the idea fr Recycling Bin when they saw a need fr mre recycling in their cmmunity.”可知当这九名学生看到他们的社区需要更多的回收利用时，他们就想设计出一款应用程序来解决这个问题。故选B。
22．判断推理题。根据最后一段Seralyn Blake的话“I was s excited when it went up n the app stre…A lt f my family members dwnladed (下载) the app. It was pretty cl.”可推断出这款应用程序受到用户们的喜欢，都纷纷下载使用。故选D。
23．最佳标题题。结合全文内容可知本文主要介绍了一款由美国学生设计的帮助回收利用的应用程序，因此选项A“学生的应用程序可以帮助回收”可作为本文标题。故选A。
24．D
25．D
26．C
27．A
28．B
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界各地的垃圾分类。
24．
细节理解题。根据“A new rubbish srting system has been put int use in Beijing. Lcal peple nt nly srt their rubbish, but als put QR cdes n it.”可知，北京居民使用二维码丢垃圾，故选D。
25．
细节理解题。根据“Landfills take up a lt f land and have a risk f plluting the sil and water nearby. And burning rubbish can prduce harmful gases.”可知，垃圾填埋场占用大量土地，并有污染附近土壤和水的风险，燃烧垃圾会产生有害气体。故选D。
26．
段落大意题。根据第五段“What’s mre, rubbish siling saves resurces, which culd bring ecnmic benefits.”可知，第五段在讨论垃圾分类的经济效益，故选C。
27．
推理判断题。根据“In Australia, every family is prvided with three rubbish bins—the red lid bin fr “general waste” like fd and plastic bags”可知，在澳大利亚，红盖子的垃圾桶可以丢食物、塑料袋这类垃圾。故选A。
28．
推理判断题。根据“Landfills take up a lt f land and have a risk f plluting the sil and water nearby. And burning rubbish can prduce harmful gases.”可知，垃圾填埋场占用大量土地，燃烧垃圾会产生有害气体。故选B。
29．C
30．A
31．D
32．B
33．A
【导语】
本文介绍了实施垃圾分类的原因以及世界上其他国家和我国上海的垃圾分类和回收政策。
29．
推理判断题。根据“Shanghai intrduced a new garbage-srting plicy (垃圾分类政策) n July 1, 2019.”和“Other cities in China will d the same sn.”可知，2019年7月1日上海开始实施垃圾分类政策，中国的其他城市不久之后也会这样做。故可推知上海是中国第一个实施垃圾分类政策的城市。故选C。
30．
细节理解题。根据“Fr example, if yu put an ld battery (电池) int the “harmful waste” bin, peple can use it t make new batteries. But if yu dn’t, the battery will end up smewhere else. Then, it will pllute the envirnment.”可知，电池如果被放入有害垃圾分类箱会得到合理的回收利用，如果被扔到其他分类箱会污染环境。由此可知作者举这个例子是为了告诉我们垃圾分类的重要性。故选A。
31．
细节理解题。根据“Peple can take buses fr free if they give plastic bttles t bus statins. An hur-lng bus ride csts three large bttles.”可知，在印度尼西亚，人们如果把塑料瓶交给公交车站，就可以免费乘坐公交车。故选D。
32．
细节理解题。根据“Recyclable garbage includes paper,…”可知，纸类垃圾属于可回收垃圾，报纸属于纸类，故它属于可回收垃圾。故选B。
33．
最佳标题题。本文介绍了实施垃圾分类的原因以及世界上其他国家和我国上海的垃圾分类和回收政策。故A项“垃圾分类，拯救地球”最符合文意，是最佳标题；B、C、D项均未明确提到本文的中心——垃圾分类。故选A。
34．B
35．C
36．D
37．A
38．A
【导语】
本文主要介绍了垃圾分类的相关知识。
34．
细节理解题。根据“At present, waste in ur life can mainly be divided int fur kinds”可知，主要有四种垃圾。故选B。
35．
细节理解题。根据“The kitchen waste includes vegetable leaves, peel, bne and thers.”可知，蔬菜叶是厨余垃圾；再由“Kitchen waste shuld be cllected in the green bin.”可知，应放进绿色垃圾桶。故选C。
36．
细节理解题。根据“D yu knw what recyclable waste means? It’s the material that can be recycled r reused, including paper, plastics, glass, metals and s n.”可知，纸、玻璃、金属属于可回收垃圾，D项不属于。故选D。
37．
推理判断题。本文主要介绍了垃圾分类的相关知识，属于科普知识，由此可推知，可以在科学书上读到这篇文章。故选A。
38．
标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了垃圾分类的相关知识。用“Waste Srting”作为本文标题最合适。故选A。
39．A
40．C
41．C
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。介绍了宁波市为了改善环境所做出的努力，主要介绍了垃圾分类的相关措施，
39．
细节理解题。根据“If a persn fails t put rubbish int trash bins prperly and refuses t crrect the mistake, he will be fined up t 200 yuan.”可知，如果一个人没有在正确地进行垃圾分类，会被罚款200元，故选A。
40．
细节理解题。根据“Dabashu Recycle, a smart rubbish classificatin machine, will prvide its users with nice gifts-r mney thrugh an App after they put the waste int the right trash bin.”可知，搭把手回收会给正确进行垃圾分类的人送礼物或是钱。故选C。
41．
主旨大意题。根据“Different cities are carrying ut different ways t imprve the living envirnment. What has been dne in Ningb? Let’s g and have a lk.”可知，文章是在讲述宁波为了改善环境所做的努力。故选C。
42．A
43．D
44．B
【导语】
本文主要介绍了上海的垃圾分类的规则、原因以及取得的成绩。
42．
细节理解题。根据“If peple fail t srt their garbage prperly, they can be fined up t 200 yuan.”可知如果一个人没有正确地进行垃圾分类，会被处以最高200元的罚款。故选A。
43．
细节理解题。根据“The city als rebuilt 21, 000 waste-srting statins”可知上海重建了21000个垃圾分类站。故选D。
44．
细节理解题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了上海的垃圾分类的规则、原因以及取得的成绩。故选B。