中考英语阅读理解热点话题分类训练（中考真题+名校最新模拟题）专题25 居住环境同步练习（含答案）

这是一份中考英语阅读理解热点话题分类训练（中考真题+名校最新模拟题）专题25 居住环境同步练习（含答案），共13页。
（2022·四川四川·中考真题）Tw students frm the same schl are talking abut their ideas abut the future.
*Gemma Lyns, 15
Jb: I’m nt interested in ging t university when I leave high schl, but I’m nt ging t wrk in an ffice r a shp. I’ll get a jb utdrs if I can. I like wrking with plants, s I’ll prbably lk fr a jb as a gardener.
Hme: One day I’ll get a huse f my wn. I enjy my life in this small English twn.
*Nick Sandersn, 16
Jb: I think I’ll study science at university. Fr me, it’s mre interesting than histry, languages and everything. I’d like t get a jb that helps the envirnment. There’s a lt f cmpetitin fr jbs like that, but I think I can make it.
Hme: I’ll prbably share a huse with ther students at university. After that, I’m nt sure where I’ll live, maybe here in the UK, r maybe in ther cuntries, such as Japan and Canada. China will be my tp chice if I can wrk and live abrad.
1．What is Gemma interested in?
A．Shpping.B．Ding business.
C．Playing utdrs.D．Planting trees and flwers.
2．What des the underlined sentence “I can make it” mean?
A．I’ll stp.B．I’ll study.C．I’ll succeed.D．I’ll wrk.
3．Where des Nick live nw?
A．In the UK.B．In China.C．In Canada.D．In Japan.
（2022·天津·中考真题）Peple in the ffice usually sit fr mst f the day when they wrk. But this is bad fr a persn’s health. When peple sit fr t lng every day, they dn’t mve very much. S it is easy t start getting fat. Sitting t lng is als bad fr their wrk because it makes them want t sleep. When this happens, peple may make mre mistakes in their wrk r spend mre time finishing their wrk. Cmpanies need wrkers t be healthy, s hw d they fix the prblem?
Sme cmpanies have different types f desks t help their wrkers. The first type f desk is the standing desk. The desk can be taller when a persn wants t stand. It can als be shrter when the persn wants t sit. Anther type f desk is the walking desk. This desk is made s that a persn can wrk while walking at the same time.
Wrkers in the cmpanies like the different types f desks very much. They think these desks are quite useful.
4．When peple in the ffice wrk, they usually ________.
A．sitB．mveC．runD．sing
5．What des the wrd “fix” mean in Paragraph 1?
A．Cause.B．Slve.C．Bring.D．Discuss.
6．Hw many types f desks are mentined in Paragraph 2?
A．2.B．3.C．4.D．5.
7．What d the wrkers think f the different types f desks?
A．They are cheap.B．They are traditinal.C．They are useful.D．They are expensive.
8．The purpse f the passage is t ________.
A．tell us the reasns fr sittingB．shw the advantages f standing
C．intrduce desks that help peple wrk betterD．cmpare cmpanies that prvide different jbs
（2022·河北·模拟预测）Imagine having everything yu need—hspitals, stres, parks—just a few steps frm hme. This is the idea behind the 15-minute city. Here, peple can get all the services they need within 15 minutes frm hme. This scial mdel is being develped in cities arund the wrld, frm Paris t Mscw. It culd make peple healthier and build strnger relatinships with neighbrs.
Carls Mren is a strng supprter f the 15-minute city. He was encuraged by the need t fight against climate (气候) change. In a 15-minute city, car travel is nt the best chice. Peple shuld build mre ft rads and bike rads. Walking r biking acrss the city is f great use in cutting dwn CO2 emissins (排放).
Anne Hidalg plans t develp 15-minute cmmunities thrughut France. That means the number f parking space will be reduced t 60000 by 2024 and mre bike rads will be created n every street f the city.
This type f design des mre than gd t the planet. Je Zehnder is the planner f the city Mscw. He is develping”15-minute neighbrhds”. Having stres clse t hmes makes peple able t eat healthier fd and live a better life, “ Zehnder says.
Syra Madad is als a key persn behind the 15-minute-city plan. He wants t make these places inclusive (包容的). As a neighbrhd becmes mre cnvenient, husing csts may increase. Madad suggests trying creating mre kinds f huses, s that peple f different grups can have a chance t live there.
9．What’s the best way t g utside in a 15-minute city?
A．By bus.B．By car.C．By taxi.D．On ft.
10．What des the underlined wrd “reduced” mean?
A．Cut dwnB．Put nC．Cut ffD．Put up
11．Hw can we make peple f different grups have a chance t live in the 15-minute city?
A．By pening mre stres clse t hmes.B．By building mre neighbrhds.
C．By increasing the husing csts.D．By creating mre kinds f huses.
12．What’s the structure (结构) f this passage?
A．B．C．D．
13．What is the best title fr this passage?
A．The Opinins f the 15-minute CityB．The Reasn Why Peple Like the 15-minute City
C．The Time f Building a 15-minute CityD．The Way Peple Build the 15-minute City
（2022·四川雅安·一模）Everyne needs help smetimes. Peple depend n each ther. That’s why cmmunities have special peple ready t lend a helping hand t anyne wh needs it.
Fr example, what wuld we d withut a cmmunity fire statin? If a hme catches fire, it might be burned up and peple get hurt…r wrse. We’re s lucky t have firemen(消防员) t cme t save peple and put ut the fire. Unluckily, Jacksn’s huse caught fire last week. If the fire statin hadn’t cme s fast, the Jacksns might have lst everything.
And what abut ur lcal plice wh prtect ur families, ur hmes and valuable things? The plice help s many families in ur daily life, especially saving peple and pets, prtecting ur huses and ther things after the heavy rains.
Think abut all the ther wrkers we have in this cmmunity. Sme f them cllect waste and rubbish and keep ur cmmunity sanitary. Living in a clean cmmunity is cmfrtable. Sme f them put up and repair traffic signs and fix hles in the streets t keep ur cmmunity in rder! Yu can’t imagine what a cmmunity will be like withut the teachers in ur schl and the dctrs, and nurses in ur cmmunity hspitals.
Think again abut what we eat every day; think again abut what we wear every day. We can’t prduce them, but we use them all the time. We get a lt frm all these wrkers wh keep ur cmmunity running. We need these peple in the cmmunity. We depend n each ther. Let’s supprt each ther and help each ther. Only in this way can we make ur cmmunity a better place.
14．What happened t the Jacksn’s family last week?
A．Their pets were lst.B．Their huse caught fire.
C．Their car was badly burnt.D．Their valuable things were stlen.
15．Wh ffers help t families after the heavy rains accrding t the passage?
A．Firemen.B．Dctrs.C．Rad wrkers.D．Lcal plice.
16．What des the underlined wrd “sanitary” mean in Paragraph 4?
A．干净的B．安全的C．安静的D．繁忙的
17．What the writer want t tell us accrding t the passage?
A．T make us laugh.
B．T knw hw t becme a teacher.
C．T teach us what t d when a fire breaks ut.
D．T advise us t supprt each ther and help each ther.
18．What is the best title fr the passage?
A．Firemen Put ut FireB．Wrkers D Imprtant Jbs
C．Neighbrs Depend n Each OtherD．Plicemen Save Peple’s Lives
（2022·宁夏·银川英才学校一模） Everyne needs help smetimes. Peple depend n ne anther. That’s why cmmunities have special peple ready t lend a helping hand t anyne wh needs it.
Fr example, what wuld we d withut a cmmunity fire statin? If a hme catches fire, as the Jacksn place did last week, it might be burned dwn and peple get hurt… r wrse. We’re s lucky t have firemen t cme t save peple and put ut the fire, safely. If the fire statin hadn’t cme s fast, the Jacksns might have lst everything.
And what abut ur lcal plice wh prtect ur families, ur hmes and valuable things? The plice have helped s many families this past year, especially saving peple and pets and prtecting ur huses and ther things after the heavy rains.
Think abut all the ther service wrkers we have in this cmmunity. We have peple wh cllect waste and rubbish and keep ur cmmunity sanitary. We have rad wrkers wh put up and repair traffic signs and fix hles the streets t prtect nt just us, but ur cars! And where wuld the cmmunity be withut the teachers in ur schl and the dctrs, and nurses in ur cmmunity hspitals?
Think again abut what we eat every day, think again abut what we wear every day. We cannt prduce them, but we use them all the time. We get a lt frm all these tireless wrkers wh keep ur cmmunity running. We need these peple in the cmmunity. We depend n each ther. Let’s supprt each ther and help each ther. Only in this way can we make ur cmmunity a better place.
19．What happened t the Jacksns last week?
A．Their pets were lst.B．Their car was badly burnt.
C．Their huse caught fire.D．Their valuable things were stlen.
20．Whffered help t families after the heavy rains?
A．Firemen.B．Dctrs.C．Rad wrkers.D．Lcal plice.
21．What des the underlined wrd “ sanitary” mean ?
A．clean.B．safe.C．quiet.D．busy.
22．Which questin culd best help us find ut the writer’s purpse?
A．Did the writer make us laugh?
B．Did the writer want us t d smething?
C．Did the writer tell us abut hw t becme a teacher?
D．Did the writer teach us what t d when a fire breaks ut?
（2022·广东·南山实验教育麒麟中学模拟预测）Smetimes, we remember ur childhd neighbrhd even better than ur childhd hmes. Fr bth children and adults, neighbrhds are places t play, learn, and make memries.
In the majrity f US suburbs, almst everyne knws each ther n the blck. Cming hme tgether n the bus is usually just the beginning f neighbring children spending time tgether. Whether it’s playing sccer r chasing each ther arund n bikes, kids ften take advantage f the daylight t get sme fresh air utside. When it’s ht, children can jump in a pl tgether. And when it’s cld, they can have a snw ball fight with ne anther. Adults als take advantage f living in a cmmunity by befriending their neighbrs. Neighbrs are ften the nes t babysit r dg-sit fr each ther. If smene hlds a party, neighbrs might lend sme space fr guests t park their cars in. Having kind and caring neighbrs can make a wrld f difference in hw a persn views their hme. T sme peple, a hme may nt be just the huse they live in, but als the cmmunity they’re a part f.
Besides frm helping each ther ut, neighbrs ften get tgether fr blck parties. Blck parties are usually held in the summer, when the sun stays ut late. Kids can play games, and adults bring delicius treats and scialize. There are even sme times when lcal firefighters will bring their fire trucks t the party.
Neighbrhds, just like hmes, cme in all different shapes and sizes. Sme neighbrhds may cntain ver 100 peple, while thers may nly have a few peple. But whatever the size, neighbrhds can be a pwerful and memrable part f ur lives, filled with neighbrs we'll always remember.
23．What can we knw frm the first tw paragraphs?
A．N Neighbrhd, n childhd.
B．Neighbrhd matters much t Americans.
C．Neighbrs are mre imprtant than relatives.
D．Hmes are less valuable when staying with friends.
24．Hw wuld the authr prbably describe the relatinship between neighbrs in US suburbs?
A．Serius.B．Friendly.C．Trubled.D．Cld.
25．What can we learn abut blck parties?
A．They’re held regularly thrughut the year.
B．They are mainly held t welcme new neighbrs.
C．Fire trucks are always brught t the parties.
D．They’re gd places t have fun.
26．What des the underlined wrd “scialize” in the passage mean?
A．Build a sciety.
B．Spend time tgether.
C．Hang ut.
D．Enjy being tgether.
27．The authr wrte this article mainly t _________.
A．intrduce the daily life f US children
B．cmpare cmmunities in the US and China
C．explain why neighbrhds can be imprtant t Americans
D．share the gd memries f her childhd neighbrhd
（2022·重庆市育才中学一模）Mst f us spend all day at schl r wrk. After a lng and busy day, all we want t d is t return t a cmfrtable hme. Smart technlgy can turn any hme int a nicer place t live in.
Smart hmes have been arund fr sme time. A cmpany called Pic Electrnics invented a type f technlgy called X10 in 1975. As the earliest smart hme technlgy, it allws husehld devices（设备）, such as lights and alarms, t cmmunicate with each ther by using radi waves.
Of curse, 5G netwrk cnnectivity has made smart hmes much mre sphisticated（复杂的）than X10. Perhaps the mst widespread smart hme technlgy is the vice—activated（声控的）assistant. Ggle Hme and Amazn’s Alexa allw users t cmmunicate with almst any device, in their hmes simply by speaking a few wrds. This is especially cnvenient fr children and peple with disabilities, as they can help finish tasks that wuld nrmally be t difficult.
Cmmn husehld devices can becme“smart”as well. Fr example, smart fridges can create dinner recipes（食谱）based n the vegetables that are being kept inside, accrding t Hw Stuff Wrks.
But it’s nt just abut cnvenience. Smart hmes are als gd fr the envirnment. By regularly checking yur energy use and autmatically（自动地）turning ff lights and ther devices that yu’re nt using, smart hmes can lwer much electricity yu use. Using less energy means that we use fewer natural resurces（自然资源）, which is gd fr the envirnment.
28．The earliest smart hme technlgy is________.
A．X10B．Ggle HmeC．AlexaD．5G netwrk
29．A smart fridge can________.
A．tell yu hw t ck
B．place an nline rder
C．help yu keep things fresh
D．create a dinner with the vegetables
30．The underlined wrd “they” in Paragraph 3 refers t________.
A．smart hmes and technlgyB．Ggle Hme and Amazn’s Alexa
C．children and peple with disabilitiesD．Cmmn husehld devices
31．The best title fr this passage is “________”.
A．5G Netwrk Changes The Wrld
B．Smart Technlgy Makes Life Cnvenient
C．Smart Hmes—A Nicer Way f Living
D．Smart Hmes Make Peple Cmfrtable
参考答案：
1．D 2．C 3．A
【导语】本文是两位学生从工作和居住两方面探讨了对于未来的想法。
1．细节理解题。根据“I like wrking with plants”可知，他喜欢和植物打交道，会对种植树木和花草感兴趣，故选D。
2．句意猜测题。根据“There’s a lt f cmpetitin fr jbs like that, but I think I can make it”可知，工作竞争很激烈，但他认为自己能成功，故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据“After that, I’m nt sure where I’ll live, maybe here in the UK”可知，他现在住在英国，故选A。
4．A 5．B 6．A 7．C 8．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍一些公司使用不同类型的办公桌来帮助他们的员工。
4．细节理解题。根据“Peple in the ffice usually sit fr mst f the day when they wrk.”可知，办公室里的人通常在工作的时候大部分时间都坐着。故选A。
5．词义猜测题。根据“Cmpanies need wrkers t be healthy, s hw d they fix the prblem?”可知，公司需要解决问题，此处fix的意思是“解决”，故选B。
6．细节理解题。根据“The first type f desk...”可知，提到了两种类型的办公桌，故选A。
7．细节理解题。根据“They think these desks are quite useful.”可知，员工们认为这些办公桌很有用，故选C。
8．主旨大意题。根据“Sme cmpanies have different types f desks t help their wrkers.”可知，本文介绍一些公司使用不同类型的办公桌来帮助他们的员工，故选C。
9．D 10．A 11．D 12．C 13．A
【导语】本文介绍了“15分钟社区”的理念，详细地介绍了它的好处。
9．细节理解题。根据“Peple shuld build mre ft rads and bike rads.”以及结合选项可知，在一个15分钟的社区出行最好的方式是步行。故选D。
10．词句猜测题。根据“That means the number f parking space will be reduced t 60000 by 2024 and mre bike rads will be created n every street f the city.”（这意味着到2024年，停车位数量将减少到60000个，城市的每条街道都将修建更多的自行车道）可知，reduce表示“减少”。故选A。
11．细节理解题。根据“Madad suggests trying creating mre kinds f huses, s that peple f different grups can have a chance t live there.”可知，通过建造更多种类的房子可以让不同群体的人有机会生活在15分钟社区。故选D。
12．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，本文第一段总体介绍了“15分钟社区”的理念，第二、三、四、五段从各个方面具体介绍了15分钟社区的优势。故选项C符合题意。故选C。
13．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了“15分钟社区”的理念，详细地介绍了它的好处。因此选项A“15分钟社区的观点”适合作为本文的标题。故选A。
14．B 15．D 16．A 17．D 18．C
【导语】本文讲述了每个人都有需要帮助的时候，人们总是彼此依赖，并举例说明了社区中一些特殊的人群对于人们的帮助。
14．细节理解题。根据“If a hme catches fire, it might be burned up and peple get hurt”可知，杰克逊上周家里着火了。故选B。
15．细节理解题。根据“The plice have helped s many families this past year, especially saving peple and pets and prtecting ur huses and ther things after the heavy rains”可知，大雨后警察给人们提供帮助。故选D。
16．词句猜测题。根据“We have peple wh cllect waste and rubbish”可知，收集废品和垃圾的人会让社区变得干净，所以划线词“sanitary”表示“干净的”。故选A。
17．细节理解题。根据“Everyne needs help smetimes. Peple depend n ne anther. That's why cmmunities have special peple ready t lend a helping hand t anyne wh needs it”可知，作者通过本文主要向告诉我们，每个人都需要别人的帮助，人们也是彼此依赖的。这也是为什么社区总有一些特殊的人群随时准备向其他人伸出援手。D选项“建议我们互相支持，互相帮助。建议我们互相支持，互相帮助。”符合。故选D。
18．最佳标题题。根据“Let’s supprt each ther and help each ther. Only in this way can we make ur cmmunity a better place.”以及全文可知，本文讲述了每个人都有需要帮助的时候，人们总是彼此依赖。C选项“邻居互相依赖”为本文最佳标题。故选C。
19．C 20．D 21．A 22．B
【导语】本文讲述了社区有一些特殊的人群随时准备向其他人伸出援手，是因为每个人都有需要帮助的时候，并举例说明了对应的故事。
19．细节理解题。根据“If a hme catches n fire, as the Jacksn place did last week, it might be burned dwn and peple get hurt”（如果一个房子着火了，就像杰克逊上周那样，那可能被烧毁并且人会受伤），可知，杰克逊上周家里着火了。故选C。
20．细节理解题。根据“The plice have helped s many families this past year, especially saving peple and pets and prtecting ur huses and ther things after the heavy rains”（在过去的这年里，警察帮助了如此多的家庭，特别是在大雨之后拯救了人们，宠物和保护我们的房子及其他的东西），可知，大雨后警察给人们提供帮助。故选D。
21．词句猜测题。clean干净的；safe安全的；quiet安静的；busy忙碌的。根据“We have peple wh cllect waste and rubbish”可知，收集废品和垃圾的人会让社区变得干净，所以sanitary表示“干净的”。故选A。
22．推理判断题。根据“Let’s supprt each ther and help each ther”可推知作者想让我们做些事情，所以B选项“作者想让我们做什么吗？”符合，故选B。
23．B 24．B 25．D 26．B 27．C
【导语】本文是说明文，介绍了美国的社区文化，邻里之间的互相帮助让社区有家的温馨，邻居和社区都成为生活中强大而难忘的一部分。
23．推理判断题。根据前两段内容，尤其是“Fr bth children and adult, neighbrhds are places t play, learn, and make memries.”和“T sme peple, a hme may nt be just the huse they live in, but als the cmmunity they’re a part f.”可知，社区对美国人很重要，故选B，
24．推理判断题。根据二、三两段内容可知，美国人邻里之间的关系是友好的，故选B。
25．细节理解题。根据“Blck parties are usually held in the summer, when the sun stays ut late. Kids can play games, and adults bring delicius treats and scialize. There are even sme times when lcal firefighters will bring their fire trucks t the party.”可知，街区派对通常在夏天举行，那时太阳很晚才出来，孩子们可以玩游戏，成年人可以带着美味的食物和社交，有时甚至会有当地的消防队员带着他们的消防车来参加派对。由此推知，街区派对是玩乐的好地方。故选D。
26．词句猜测题。分析“Kids can play games, and adults bring delicius treats and scialize.”可知，孩子们可以玩游戏，成年人可以带着美味的食物和社交。此处scialize的意思是“社交”，故选B。
27．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍美国的社区文化，解释为什么社区对美国人很重要，故选C。
28．A 29．A 30．B 31．C
【导语】文章主要介绍智能家居能让家庭变得更舒适，同时也对环境友好。
28．细节理解题。根据文中“A cmpany called Pic Electrnics invented a type f technlgy called X10 in 1975. As the earliest smart hme technlgy, it allws husehld devices（设备）, such as lights and alarms, t cmmunicate with each ther by using radi waves. ”（1975年，一家名为Pic Electrnics的公司发明了一种名为X10的技术。作为最早的智能家居技术，它可以让电灯、警报器等家用设备通过无线电波进行通信。）可知最早的智能家居是X10。故选A。
29．推理判断题。根据文中“Fr example, smart fridges can create dinner recipes（食谱）based n the vegetables that are being kept inside, accrding t Hw Stuff Wrks. ”（例如，智能冰箱可以根据里面的蔬菜制作晚餐食谱。）可知智能冰箱能给你食谱——教你做菜。故选A。
30．词义猜测题。根据文中“Ggle Hme and Amazn’s Alexa allw users t cmmunicate with almst any device, in their hmes simply by speaking a few wrds. This is especially cnvenient fr children and peple with disabilities, as they can help finish tasks that wuld nrmally be t difficult. ”（谷歌Hme和亚马逊的Alexa允许用户在家里只需说几句话就可以与几乎任何设备交流。这对儿童和残疾人来说尤其方便，因为他们可以帮助完成通常很难完成的任务。）可知they指的是前面提到的两个应用程序。故选B。
31．标题归纳题。根据文中“Smart technlgy can turn any hme int a nicer place t live in. ”（智能技术可以把任何一个家变成一个更好的居住场所。）及“But it’s nt just abut cnvenience. Smart hmes are als gd fr the envirnment. By regularly checking yur energy use and autmatically（自动地）turning ff lights and ther devices that yu’re nt using, smart hmes can lwer much electricity yu use. Using less energy means that we use fewer natural resurces（自然资源）, which is gd fr the envirnment. ”（但这不仅仅是为了方便。智能家居对环境也有好处。通过定期检查你的能源使用和自动关掉你不使用的灯和其他设备，智能家庭可以减少你的用电量。使用更少的能源意味着我们使用更少的自然资源，这对环境有好处。）可知文章主要介绍智能家居这种新的生活方式能让家庭变得更舒适，同时也对环境有好处。因此C选项“智能家居——一种更好的生活方式”为最佳标题。故选C。