2024北京海淀高二（上）期末英语试卷（教师版）

这是一份2024北京海淀高二（上）期末英语试卷（教师版），共19页。
1.本试卷共8页，共四个部分，53道小题。满分 100分。考试时间90分钟。
2.在试卷和答题纸上准确填写学校名称、班级名称、姓名。
3.答案一律填涂或书写在答题纸上，在试卷上作答无效。
4.在答题纸上， 选择题用2B 铅笔作答， 其余题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。
5.考试结束， 请将本试卷和答题纸一并交回。
第一部分：听力理解(共三节，16分)
第一节(共4小题; 每小题1分，共4分)
听下面4段对话。每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话你将听一遍。
1. Where are the speakers?
A. At a pst ffice. B. At a flwer stre. C. At a rse garden.
2. What will the speakers prbably d next?
A. Play ftball. B. Ask Jim fr help. C. G t a shp nearby.
3. What are the speakers mainly talking abut?
A. Feelings abut learning freign languages.
B. Methds f learning freign languages.
C. Reasns fr learning freign languages.
4. What are they trying t decide?
A. Where t take a vacatin.
B. Whether t g n a hliday.
C. Hw t travel t the Alps in Eurpe.
第二节(共6小题; 每小题1分，共6分)
听下面3段对话。每段对话后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话你将听两遍。
听第5段材料，回答第5至6小题。
5. What truble des the wman have?
A. Cmmunicating with her mm.
B. Understanding her mther.
C. Expressing her feelings.
6. Which suggestin will the wman mst prbably take?
A. Writing a letter. B. Drawing a picture. C. Leaving a message.
听第6段材料，回答第7至8 小题。
7. Why des the girl talk t the by?
A. T invite him t jin her team.
B. T ask him fr cntest details.
C. T encurage him t jin in the cntest.
8. Hw des the by feel abut the cntest?
A. Interested. B. Stressed. C. Cncerned.
听第7段材料，回答第9至 10小题。
9. What makes the man feel wrried abut the use f technlgy?
A. Machines are always right.
B. AI will have harmful purpses.
C. Peple are t dependent n it.
10. Hw shuld peple develp and use technlgy?
A. By raising the awareness f AI.
B. By imprving educatinal skills.
C. By understanding its benefits and risks.
第三节(共4小题; 每小题1.5分，共6分)
听下面一段独白，完成第11至 14 四道小题，每小题仅填写一个词。听独白前，你将有 20秒钟的时间阅读试题，听完后你将有60秒钟的作答时间。这段独白你将听两遍。
第二部分：知识运用(共两节，30分)
第一节(共 10小题; 每小题1.5 分, 共 15分)
阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
On the mrning f my first marathn, I wke up befre my alarm and ate a classic runner’s breakfast. I had slept eight hurs. My unreliable left knee wasn’t bthering me. I was ____1____.
Then my girlfriend, Luisa, kncked n the dr, asking whether I had checked my email. Race fficials sent an email at 5 a. m. annuncing The Twin Cities Marathn in Minneaplis and St. Paul had been ____2____ due t recrd high temperatures.
While I understd why the race rganizers didn’t want t put runners at ____3____, I als knew that I had trained in the baking and humid Washingtn D. C. all summer. If I culd start earlier than planned and finish arund nn, I’d miss the wrst ____4____ f the day.
I went t the starting line and saw many runners despite the cancellatin. I jined a grup f lcal runners wh knew the rute. While running, I was verfilled with ____5____ t still see neighbrs wh gathered utside their huses ____6____ ut bttles f water as they watched runners g by. The runners and supprters made the race feel like a real marathn, during which the shared gal f reaching the finishing line and the affirmatins frm the crwds made me believe I culd run the ____7____ race.
The last ne mile f the rute was dwnhill. By that pint in the race, my legs felt like jelly. But frm the tp f the hill, I culd see dzens f supprters cheering runners hme, which ____8____ me t mve n. When my smart watch finally ticked t “26.2” miles, I called ut “I’m dne” t Luisa, wh had been giving a much needed ____9____ alng the way. I let ut a dry sb and gave Luisa a hug. After mnths f training, the unexpected emtin felt like a ttal release.
My first marathn was canceled, but I ran 26.2 miles _____10_____.
1. A. readyB. stuckC. unfrtunateD. surprised
2. A. put ffB. called ffC. wiped utD. carried ut
3. A. restB. willC. riskD. ease
4. A. jamB. heatC. mdD. drught
5. A. jyB. tensinC. fearD. peace
6. A. pickingB. clearingC. pintingD. handing
7. A. regularB. advancedC. entireD. cmpetitive
8. A. frcedB. expectedC. requiredD. encuraged
9. A. speechB. bstC. slutinD. message
10. A. lateB. snC. anywayD. smewhat
第二节(共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 共15分)
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给出提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
By the time Helen Keller was seven years ld, she still culdn’t speak, read r write and needed t have everything dne fr her. With these severe restrictins t her cmmunicatin, Helen’s behavir was ften ____11____ (bear). Her parents gt a superb teacher ____12____ (recmmend) t them, a wman named Anne Sullivan. Anne, whse technique was simple and straightfrward, put an bject int Helen’s hand and spelt ut the wrd n her ther hand. The precius knwledge Anne ____13____ (teach) Helen gave her hpe and jy. As Helen grasped the key ____14____ language, she discvered mre cmplex wrds and eventually understd them.
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给出提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
The eight-day-lng hliday f 2023 began with the Mid-Autumn Festival n Friday and included the Oct 1 Natinal Day. It was ____15____ peple called the lngest Glden Week. Big cities like Beijing and Shanghai were favred destinatins. Smaller cities, such as Chengdu and Xi’an, were als ppular. In Guangzhu and Shenzhen, extra vernight high speed trains ____16____ (schedule) t cpe with the travel increase during the lng hliday. S far, bth dmestic and verseas travels ____17____ (recver)significantly with dmestic travel accunting fr nearly three quarters f the ttal.
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给出提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
In tday’s wrld, everyne wants t becme successful. Mst f us have the initial mtivatin t start smething, but ___18___ (accmplish) that task smetimes turns ut t be bring and hence we lse hpe f achieving it in the middle f the jurney. Cnsistency, hwever, is generally believed t be the main driver leading t the ultimate success, ____19____ means staying fcused and dedicating neself t the gal. It is the ability ____20____ (remain) cmmitted t a task r habit withut wandering frm it. S, we can say that cnsistency is the critical element f success.
第三部分：阅读理解(共28分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。(共14小题; 每小题2分, 共28分)
A
Cnflict exists in all relatinships. By cnflict, we specifically mean verbal disagreements and arguments. Peple disagree smetimes, and that isn’t necessarily a bad thing — yu have the right t have a different pinin frm yur partner(s). What’s imprtant is that yu cmmunicate effectively and in a health y way that allws yu t understand each ther better and make yur relatinship strnger.
The Lve Is Respect Yuth Cuncil is an rganizatin created in 2020 as a way t directly engage with yuth aged 12-17 t address the issues f relatinships, including maintaining safety when scializing nline, dealing with peer pressure at schl and imprving relatinships with parents. Here are sme tips t help reslve cnflicts in a healthy way.
●Find the real issue
Arguments tend t happen when yur wants r needs aren’t being met. Try t get t the real issue behind yur argument. It’s pssible that yu r yur partner are feeling insecure r yu aren’t being treated respectfully, and are expressing thse feelings thrugh arguments ver unrelated things. Learn t talk abut the real issue, s yu can avid cnstant fighting that may keep yu away frm the heart f the prblem.
● Cmprmise when pssible
Cmprmise is a majr part f cnflict reslutin and any successful relatinship, but it can be hard t actually achieve. Take turns making decisins abut things like what t eat fr dinner, r find a middle grund that allws yu bth t feel satisfied with the utcme.
●Cnsider it all
If the issue yu’re arguing ver changes hw yu feel abut each ther r frces yu t cmprmise yur beliefs r mrals, it’s imprtant that yu stress yur psitin. If nt, cnsider yur partner’s views n the issue, why they’re upset, and if cmprmise is apprpriate. Try t cntextualize yur arguments t give each ther rm t express yur feelings.
Hpe these tips are helpful. If yu need mre infrmatin, click here
21. T find the real issue, yu shuld .
A. have pen cnversatinsB. avid arguments
C. seek fr cmmn grundD. sacrifice yur interests
22. When dealing with cnflict, yu may .
A. break dwn the issue int small parts
B. argue ver the issue with yur partner
C. change hw yu feel abut each ther
D. put yurself in thers’ shes t examine the issue
23. Yu can get help frm the rganizatin .
A. when unsure f the safety f a specific website
B. when curius abut hw t imprve math grade
C. when arguing with classmates ver a grup prject
D. when struggling hard t stp scial media addictin
B
Adm Appiah, is nt yur typical High Schl Junir. He has taken his vlunteerism t a whle new level by starting a nnprfit charity rganizatin called Ball4Gd.
Amazingly, this innvative rganizatin was a result f Adm’s 7th grade schl assignment. At age 12, his histry teacher, Mrs. Kelsea Turner, at Spartanburg Day Schl, had challenged her students t dedicate 20% f their class time t a service prject. She suggested that they research a cmmunity need and then wrk independently n finding a slutin. Adm was inspired.
Adm had great passin fr playing sprts as a sccer and basketball player. S, he naturally thught f cmbining sprts and cmmunity supprt int an athletics-riented service prject. His idea was t invite athletes, leaders and celebrities t play ball games t raise mney fr lcal charities.
Ball4Gd held its first Celebrity Basketball Game in 2017. He used dnatins received n his 13th birthday as seed mney fr the event. It was a huge success and raised ver $70,000 fr 13 lcal charities.
Then, Adm’s idea has transfrmed int a mvement that is helping cmmunities thrugh varius ways such as celebrity sprt events, charity drives and fundraising. It dnates raised funds t varius causes affecting children, such as autism, hmelessness, abuse and cancer.
If all these accmplishments abut Ball4Gd were nt enugh, the teen has als authred three mtivatinal children’s bks t inspire students t change the wrld and bunce back frm failures. Dnatins frm bk sales have supprted several charitable causes. In additin, he wn a Natinal Award (Glria Barrn fr Yung Heres, 2019) that cmes with a $10,000 prize fr his public service effrts. Having multiple prjects has nt slwed Adm dwn, as he is currently hsting his wn shw called Kids Changing the Wrld n TV.
“I try t have kids invlved in every step f the way, s they can figure ut hw things wrk in the business and philanthrpist wrld,” Adm said. He wants peple t knw that success starts with believing in yurself. His gal is t expand Ball4Gd’s reach. He believes that by encuraging thers t get invlved, he’s multiplying the impact f Ball4Gd.
24. What inspired Adm Appiah t start Ball4Gd?
A. Passin fr sprts and supprt frm a cmmunity.
B. A schl assignment given by his histry teacher.
C. His experiences f being a sccer and basketball player.
D. Athletes, leaders and celebrities he invited t play games.
25. Accrding t the passage, we can learn that Ball4Gd .
A. aims t prmte cmmunity sprts
B. held its first activity with Adm’s wn savings
C. helps cmmunities simply thrugh celebrity sprt events
D. uses raised mney t help children in varius difficulties
26. Which f the fllwing can best describe Adm Appiah?
A. Kind and humrus.B. Generus and patient.
C. Innvative and inspiring.D. Hardwrking and reliable.
C
Climate change influences hw rganisms live and functin in their envirnment. Investigating hw rganisms adapt is essential fr accurately predicting their survival, and tracking genmic(基因组的) changes helps researchers determine the lasting effects f the changing envirnment. Cpepds, a dminant castal species, are particularly useful fr studying genetic changes in respnse t shifting marine envirnments. By studying cpepds, researchers can get an idea f hw the cean fd chain might react t changes in the Earth’s climate.
Tracking a cpepd’s evlving genme in the wild, hwever, can be time-cnsuming and labrius. T circumvent this challenge, Pespeni and her team used an evlve-and-resequence apprach in the lab. They expsed a cpepd ppulatin t three stressrs—water warming, acidificatin via high CO₂ levels, and cmbinatins f the tw cean warming and acidificatin (OWA) cnditins in the labratry, and tracked their adaptatins t these cnditins ver 25generatins. Previusly, they tracked reprductive fitness traits such as egg-hatching success under these cnditins. They fund that the fitness f the ppulatin expsed t OWA cnditins initially decreased, but then adapted t the stressrs ver several generatins.
In the current study, the researchers sequenced the genmes f animals in each experimental grup at generatin 0 and 25 t quantify hw allele (等位基因) frequencies changed in respnse t experimental selective pressures. The researchers fund adaptive alleles related t develpment were unique t the multiple stressr experiment, prviding a pssible explanatin fr the bserved selectin f hatching success.
“We shwed that the warming alne was a much strng er selective pressure than CO₂. But when yu cmbine them, yu get a unique synergy. S, it’s nt just ne plus ne equals tw; it’s ne plus ne equals smething ttally different,” said Pespeni. Whereas previus studies bserved the effects f single stressrs n evlving rganisms, Pespeni’s study demnstrated that multiple stressrs result in a unique respnse t selectin in a nn-additive manner. This is imprtant because human-induced envirnmental changes are multifaceted(多方面的), and additinal stressrs are still needed t further mimic natural envirnmental changes, and this study reveals the cmplexity f the genmic adaptive respnse.
Accrding t Mrgan Kelly, a prfessr wh was nt invlved in the study, the insights presented by the researchers in this study call int questin the previus single stressr studies and will influence future experimental design. “There’s this big questin f the rle that evlutinary change will play in respnse t climate change, and the way the researchers integrate genmic infrmatin is the best f its kind in the wrld f marine experimental evlutin,” said Kelly.
Accrding t Pespeni, there is reasn t maintain hpe in the face f climate change because her wrk revealed that the cpepds eventually fully regained their ability t reprduce fllwing the cmbined envirnmental changes.
27. What can we learn abut Pespeni’s previus and current studies?
A. The previus study tried new ways t quantify the respnse f cpepds.
B. The current study may explain the success f hatching in the previus ne.
C. The previus study reveals the cmplexity f the genmic adaptive respnse.
D. The current study sequenced cpepds’ genes f 25 generatins in each grup.
28. T imprve their future research, researchers shuld .
A. study hw ther species adapt t glbal warming
B. include additinal stressrs in their experiments
C. track a cpepd’s evlving genme in the wild
D. cmpare Pespeni’s study with previus nes
29. What makes the current study particularly significant?
A. It integrates genmic infrmatin in the research.
B. It shws mst species can easily adapt t climate changes.
C. It cnfirms the effectiveness f previus single stressr studies.
D. It demnstrates multiple stressrs prduce an additive respnse.
30. Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the passage?
A. Scientists Edit Genmes t Help Cpepds Survive
B. Research Remves Peple’s Wrries abut Climate Change
C. Cmbining Climate Stressrs Leads t Unique Genmic Changes
D. The Evlve-and-resequence Apprach Helps Fight Climate Change
D
There has been much discussin f the cncept f quiet quitting — meaning, essentially, ding the bare minimum at wrk. And perhaps that’s nt surprising: When yu’re exhausted and verwhelmed, it feels like smething needs t be given up — and fr many, that seems t be the pursuit f excellence at wrk. But is taking yur ft ff the gas the answer?
As a writer fcused n time management, I’ve cme t realize that the ppsite f burnut isn’t ding nthing, r even scaling back. As cunterintuitive as it seems, adding energizing activities t yur schedule just might make life feel mre duble.
That’s what I fund when I ran a time-satisfactin study with mre than 140 busy peple. At the beginning f my prject, they spke f feeling wrn ut. “Life feels very chatic with s many different balls in the air,” ne persn tld me.“ My wrk t-d list is never-ending,” anther said.
Over the curse f nine weeks, sme time-management strategies were intrduced. Instead f subtractive changes, participants incrprated regular physical activity and made rm fr small adventures. And when it came t leisure activities, I asked them t put “effrtful befre effrtless”. Fr example, even smething as simple as reading a nvel is better than binge-watching a TV shw. I als intrduced them t the principle f taking “ne night fr yu”— cmmitting t ding smething yu enjy, apart frm wrk and family. As with quiet quitting, this might smetimes mean leaving wrk a little earlier than usual, but the pint is nt t d less; the idea is that jining a chir, a sftball team r anything else with expected attendance pushes yu t figure ut the lgistics, arrange the child care if necessary and g — even if life seems t busy t think abut such a thing.
Over the curse f nine weeks, participants’ satisfactin with hw they spent their time verall rse 16 percent frm the beginning f the prject t the end. When asked abut hw they spent their leisure time “yesterday” after nine weeks, participants reprted that their satisfactin rse 20 percent. They even reprted making mre prgress n their prfessinal gals — pretty much the ppsite f quiet quitting — as their increased energy and engagement spilled ver int all areas f life.
We each have the same 168 hurs every week. But time is als all abut the stries we tell urselves. When life is full f have-t-ds, with nly brief perids f dwntime in between, we can feel beaten dwn by respnsibilities. The key is t incrprate energizing activities int ur lives s that ur inner narrative can be changed, making life feel less like a chre.
31. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. Peple wh quit quietly feel the need t pursue excellence.
B. Scaling back can help energize thse exhausted frm wrk.
C. Leisure events that require actin are mre recmmended.
D. Ging hme earlier fr a rest can effectively refresh peple.
32. What des the underlined wrd “subtractive” prbably mean?
A. Reductive.B. Extensive.C. Enrmus.D. Gradual.
33. What is Paragraph 4 abut?
A. Intrductin f the backgrund.B. Interventin in the experiment.
C. Principles f new strategies.D. Suggestins based n the findings.
34. What is the purpse f writing the passage?
A. T intrduce a finding in a psychlgical study.
B. T cmpare different time-management strategies.
C. T analyze the causes and effects f quiet quitting.
D. T argue fr a new way t live a mre fulfilling life.
第四部分：书面表达(共两节，26分)
第一节(共4小题;第49、50题各2分,第51题3分,第52题4分,共11分)
阅读下面的短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
We’ve all seen the little kids—lsing temper in the ty stre, screaming in restaurants and generally making a scene in public. Fr their parents, giving in t a kid’s mnstrus behavir helps t end the mess and gain sme peace and quiet, and this is where verindulgence begins.
Accrding t Kathy Webb, a psychtherapist in Brunswick, verindulgence is the result f parents’ beliefs. A lt f verindulging parents believe their children shuld be happy all the time, which is the reasn why the parents try t avid cnflict at all csts. They als hld that verindulgence equals lve, but experts insist that being verly permissive and indulgent is nt a healthy kind f lve.
Overindulgence can create a myriad f wrng attitudes and behavirs in children. When verindulged, children develp unrealistic expectatins which d nt serve them as they grw. Healthy parenting, Webb said, means giving children uncnditinal lve, quality time, healthy discipline and respect fr what is apprpriate. “Healthy parents prmte gd values and use everyday life experiences t teach their children,” she said.
Many parents dn’t intentinally verindulge, but fail t fllw thrugh n cnsequences. “Cnsequences help children develp their wn self-guidance skills,” Webb said. “Withut cnsequences, children never learn t discipline themselves.”
But parents wh have verindulged shuldn’t just thrw up their hands and walk away frm the situatin, feeling like failures. There are steps that can be taken t turn family life arund. “All is nt lst,” Webb said. “Yu just have t take it step by step.” Identifying prblems and what can be dne t crrect them are the first steps. This is where parents might want t invest in sme cunseling r parent caching and refer t sme parenting bks.
Such parents shuld als manage t regain prper parental pwer. In sme families, verindulging parents are acting like peers, nt parents. Cnsistency is als imprtant—children ften imitate the behavir they see frm their parents. “Say what yu mean and mean what yu say,” Webb said. It seems that all it takes is ne raised eyebrw and a very stern lk t stp the misbehaviur. But Webb believes what really grunded her children is their inclusin in the family’s life, nt just the fun stuff like vacatins and utings. They shuld als be taught t clean huse, ck, and d laundry.
35. What d verindulgent parents believe?
_______________________________________________________________
36. What is healthy parenting accrding t Webb?
_______________________________________________________________
37. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
T relieve verindulgence, parents can take certain steps such as acting like kids’ peers and ensuring cnsistency.
_______________________________________________________________
38. Share ne parenting methd that benefits yur grwth and explain why.(In abut 40 wrds)
_______________________________________________________________
第二节(15分)
39. 假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。近期，你校学生会组织了一场辩论赛，主题为“中学生是否可以借助网络资源完成作业”。你的英国笔友Jim从学校网站看到了相关信息，对此很感兴趣，来信询问辩论赛的开展情况。请你用英文给他回复邮件，内容包括：
1.正反双方的观点及理由；
2.你的看法。
注意: 1.词数 100 左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
Hw’s everything ging?
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
What’s yur idea abut the tpic? Lk frward t yur reply.
Yurs,
Li Hua
参考答案
第一部分：听力理解(共三节，16分)
听力答案：1-5 BCAAA 6-10 BCACC 11. basic 12. prfessrs 13. elders 14. Fllw
第一节(共4小题; 每小题1分，共4分)
第二部分：知识运用(共两节，30分)
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. A 6. D 7. C 8. D 9. B 10. C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者参加的马拉松比赛由于高温被取消了，但是他还是坚持跑完比赛的故事。
【1题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我准备好了。A. ready准备好的；B. stuck卡住的；C. unfrtunate不幸的；D. surprised惊讶的。根据前文“On the mrning f my first marathn, I wke up befre my alarm and ate a classic runner’s breakfast. I had slept eight hurs. My unreliable left knee wasn’t bthering me.”可知，作者第一次参加马拉松比赛的早晨，吃了一顿经典的跑步者早餐。已经睡了8个小时，并且左膝没有毛病，说明作者已经为马拉松比赛做好了准备。故选A项。
【2题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：比赛官员在凌晨5点发送了一封电子邮件，宣布由于创纪录的高温，明尼阿波利斯和圣保罗的双子城马拉松赛已经取消。A. put ff推迟；B. called ff取消；C. wiped ut消灭；D. carried ut执行。根据后文“I went t the starting line and saw many runners despite the cancellatin.”可知，明尼阿波利斯和圣保罗的双子城马拉松赛已经取消。故选B项。
【3题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然我能理解为什么比赛组织者不想让参赛者冒险，但我也知道我整个夏天都在炎热潮湿的华盛顿训练。A. rest休息；B. will意愿；C. risk风险；D. ease舒适。根据前文“The Twin Cities Marathn in Minneaplis and St. Paul had been ____2____ due t recrd high temperatures.”可知，由于创纪录的高温，明尼阿波利斯和圣保罗的双子城马拉松赛已经取消，说明比赛组织者不想让参赛者冒险。故选C项。
【4题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我能比计划早一点出发，在中午左右结束，我就会错过一天中最炎热的时候。A. jam堵塞；B. heat炎热；C. md情绪；D. drught干旱。根据前文“recrd high temperatures”可知，作者想要早一点出发是因为他想要错过一天中最炎热的时候。故选B项。
【5题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在跑步的时候，看到邻居们聚集在房子外面，一边看着跑步者经过，一边分发瓶装水，我的内心充满了喜悦。A. jy喜悦；B. tensin紧张；C. fear恐惧；D. peace和平。根据后文“see neighbrs wh gathered utside their huses ____6____ ut bttles f water as they watched runners g by.”可知，作者看到邻居们聚集在房子外面，一边看着跑步者经过，一边分发瓶装水，说明他看见邻居们的行为心里感到喜悦。故选A项。
【6题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在跑步的时候，看到邻居们聚集在房子外面，一边看着跑步者经过，一边分发瓶装水，我的内心充满了喜悦。A. picking捡起；B. clearing清理；C. pinting指出；D. handing分发。根据后文“bttles f water”并结合常识可知，聚集在房子外面，一边看着跑步者经过，一边分发瓶装水。故选D项。
【7题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：参赛者和支持者让比赛感觉像是一场真正的马拉松比赛，在比赛中，到达终点线的共同目标和人群的肯定让我相信我可以跑完全程。A. regular规律的；B. advanced先进的；C. entire全部的；D. cmpetitive竞争的。根据后文“When my smart watch finally ticked t “26.2” miles, I called ut “I’m dne” t Luisa”可知，作者完成了全部的比赛，说明之前他相信自己可以跑完全程。故选C项。
【8题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但从山顶上，我可以看到数十名支持者为跑步者加油，这鼓励了我继续前进。A. frced强迫；B. expected期盼；C. required要求；D. encuraged鼓励。根据前文“I culd see dzens f supprters cheering runners hme”可知，作者可以看到数十名支持者为跑步者加油，他也因此受到了鼓励。故选D项。
【9题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我的智能手表终于走到“26.2”英里时，我对路易莎喊道:“我跑完了”，她一直在给我非常需要的推动。A. speech演讲；B. bst推动；C. slutin解决方法；D. message信息。根据后文“I let ut a dry sb and gave Luisa a hug.”可知，作者抽泣了一声，给了路易莎一个拥抱，推断出路易莎一直在给作者非常需要的推动。故选B项。
【10题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我的第一次马拉松比赛取消了，但无论如何我还是跑了26.2英里。A. late晚地；B. sn不久；C. anyway不管怎样；D. smewhat稍微。根据前文“When my smart watch finally ticked t “26.2” miles, I called ut “I’m dne” t Luisa”可知，不管怎样作者克服了炎热等困难完成了比赛。故选C项。
第二节(共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 共15分)
【答案】11. unbearable
12. recmmended
13. taught##had taught
14. t
【导语】本文是记叙文。主要讲述了海伦·凯勒在安妮的帮助下学习的故事。
【11题详解】
考查形容词。句意：由于这些对她交流的严格限制，海伦的行为经常是不可忍受的。was后接形容词作表语，unbearable“不可忍受的”符合句意。故填unbearable。
【12题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：她的父母找了推荐给他们的一位优秀的老师，名叫安妮·沙利文的女士。分析句子可知，recmmend作定语，修饰teacher，二者之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填recmmended。
【13题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：安妮教给海伦的宝贵知识给了她希望和快乐。分析句子可知，“Anne ____3____ (teach) Helen”是定语从句，修饰knwledge，根据语境描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时，或者表示先于gave动作，表示“过去的过去”，用过去完成时，故填taught/had taught。
【14题详解】
考查介词。句意：随着海伦掌握了语言的关键，她发现了更复杂的单词，并最终理解了它们。key t…“……的关键”是固定用法。故填t。
【答案】15. what
16. were scheduled
17. have recvered
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。描述了2023年中秋节与国庆节相连形成的被称为“最长黄金周”的情况。
【15题详解】
考查名词性从句。句意：它是人们所说的最长的黄金周。分析句子结构，这是一个包含表语从句的复合句，因空白处在表语从句中作宾语表示内容，使用连接代词what连接表语从句，故填what。
【16题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：在广州和深圳，为了应对长假期间出行的增加，安排了额外的通宵高铁列车。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作谓语，且与主语之间为被动关系，使用被动语态，根据时间状语The eight-day-lng hliday f 2023可知句子表示的是过去发生的动作，谓语动词使用一般过去时的被动语态，又因主语high speed trains为复数，故填were scheduled。
【17题详解】
考查时态。句意：到目前为止，国内和海外旅行都大幅复苏，国内旅行占总数的近四分之三。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作谓语，根据时间状语S far可知句子表示的是过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，谓语动词使用现在完成时，故填have recvered。
【答案】18. accmplishing##t accmplish
19. which 20. t remain
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在当今世界，每个人都想成功。我们大多数人都有开始某事的最初动机，但有时完成任务会变得无聊，因此我们在旅程中失去了实现它的希望。然而，一致性通常被认为是导致最终成功的主要驱动力，这意味着保持专注并为目标奉献自己。
【18题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：我们大多数人都有开始某事的最初动机，但有时完成任务会变得无聊，因此我们在旅程中失去了实现它的希望。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，accmplish和逻辑主语Mst f us为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式，此处也可以用动词不定式作目的状语。故填accmplishing/t accmplish。
【19题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：然而，一致性通常被认为是导致最终成功的主要驱动力，这意味着保持专注并为目标奉献自己。分析句子可知，此处为关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面整句话在从句中作主语成分。故填which。
【20题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：它是一种保持对一项任务或习惯的承诺而不偏离它的能力。分析句子可知，此处为动词不定式t d作后置定语修饰ability，ability t d“做……的能力”为惯用表达。故填t remain。
第三部分：阅读理解(共28分)
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. C
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是以健康的方式解决冲突的方法。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Find the real issue部分中的“Learn t talk abut the real issue, s yu can avid cnstant fighting that may keep yu away frm the heart f the prblem.(学会谈论真正的问题，这样你就可以避免不断的争吵，这可能会让你远离问题的核心。)”可知，学会谈论真正的问题，可以避免不断的争吵，由此可知，为找到真正的问题，应该有公开的对话。故选A项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Cnsider it all部分中的“If nt, cnsider yur partner’s views n the issue, why they’re upset, and if cmprmise is apprpriate. Try t cntextualize yur arguments t give each ther rm t express yur feelings.(如果不是，考虑一下你的搭档对这个问题的看法，为什么他们不高兴，如果妥协是合适的。试着把你们的争论放在背景中，给对方空间来表达自己的感受。)”可知，如果争论的问题没有改变对彼此的感觉，也没有迫使你在信仰或道德上妥协，应该考虑一下合搭档对这个问题的看法，由此可知，在处理冲突时，站在对方的立场审视一下问题。故选D项。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The Lve Is Respect Yuth Cuncil is an rganizatin created in 2020 as a way t directly engage with yuth aged 12-17 t address the issues f relatinships, including maintaining safety when scializing nline, dealing with peer pressure at schl and imprving relatinships with parents.( The Lve Is Respect Yuth Cuncil是一个成立于2020年的组织，旨在直接与12-17岁的青少年接触，解决人际关系问题，包括在网上社交时保持安全，应对学校的同伴压力，以及改善与父母的关系。)”可知，The Lve Is Respect Yuth Cuncil组织旨在解决包括在网上社交时保持安全，应对学校的同伴压力，以及改善与父母的关系的人际关系问题，由此可知，当与同学就小组项目发生争执时可以寻找组织帮忙。故选C项。
【答案】24. B 25. D 26. C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Adm Appiah创办非盈利组织Ball4Gd帮助儿童以及他的成就。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“At age 12, his histry teacher, Mrs. Kelsea Turner, at Spartanburg Day Schl, had challenged her students t dedicate 20% f their class time t a service prject. She suggested that they research a cmmunity need and then wrk independently n finding a slutin. Adm was inspired.(12岁时，他在斯帕坦堡走读学校(Spartanburg Day Schl)的历史老师凯尔西·特纳(Kelsea Turner)要求学生们拿出20%的上课时间来做一个服务项目。她建议他们先研究一下社区的需求，然后各自独立地寻找解决方案。Adm受到了启发)”可知，Adm创办了非盈利组织Ball4Gd是受到了历史老师布置的作业的启发。故选B。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Then, Adm’s idea has transfrmed int a mvement that is helping cmmunities thrugh varius ways such as celebrity sprt events, charity drives and fundraising. It dnates raised funds t varius causes affecting children, such as autism, hmelessness, abuse and cancer.(然后，Adm的想法变成了一场运动，通过各种方式帮助社区，比如名人体育赛事、慈善活动和筹款。它将筹集到的资金捐赠给影响儿童的各种事业，如自闭症、无家可归、虐待和癌症)”可知，Ball4Gd使用捐款帮助处于各种困难中的孩子们。故选D。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容“If all these accmplishments abut Ball4Gd were nt enugh, the teen has als authred three mtivatinal children’s bks t inspire students t change the wrld and bunce back frm failures. Dnatins frm bk sales have supprted several charitable causes. In additin, he wn a Natinal Award (Glria Barrn fr Yung Heres, 2019) that cmes with a $10,000 prize fr his public service effrts. Having multiple prjects has nt slwed Adm dwn, as he is currently hsting his wn shw called Kids Changing the Wrld n TV. (如果这些关于Ball4Gd的成就还不够，这位青少年还写了三本励志儿童书籍，激励学生们改变世界，从失败中振作起来。图书销售所得的捐款支持了几项慈善事业。此外，他还获得了国家奖(格洛丽亚·巴伦青年英雄奖，2019年)，并因他的公共服务努力获得了1万美元的奖金。拥有多个项目并没有放慢Adm的脚步，因为他目前正在主持自己的电视节目《孩子们改变世界》)”以及倒数第一段的“He wants peple t knw that success starts with believing in yurself. His gal is t expand Ball4Gd’s reach. He believes that by encuraging thers t get invlved, he’s multiplying the impact f Ball4Gd.(他想让人们知道，成功始于相信自己。他的目标是扩大Ball4Gd的覆盖范围。他认为，通过鼓励其他人参与进来，他正在扩大Ball4Gd的影响力)”可推知，Adm是一个很有创新且鼓舞人心的人。故选C。
【答案】27. B 28. B 29. A 30. C
【导语】本文是说明文。本文主要讲述研究生物基因组应对压力源的变化可以预测环境变化。
【27题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“In the current study, the researchers sequenced the genmes f animals in each experimental grup at generatin 0 and 25 t quantify hw allele (等位基因) frequencies changed in respnse t experimental selective pressures. The researchers fund adaptive alleles related t develpment were unique t the multiple stressr experiment, prviding a pssible explanatin fr the bserved selectin f hatching success.(在目前的研究中，研究人员对每个实验组动物在0代和第25代的基因组进行了测序，以量化等位基因频率在实验选择压力下的变化。研究人员发现，与发育相关的适应性等位基因在多重应激源实验中是独一无二的，这为观察到的孵化成功的选择提供了可能的解释。)”可知，目前的研究也许可以解释之前的孵化成功。故选B。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段的“This is imprtant because human-induced envirnmental changes are multifaceted(多方面的), and additinal stressrs are still needed t further mimic natural envirnmental changes, and this study reveals the cmplexity f the genmic adaptive respnse.( 这一点很重要，因为人类引起的环境变化是多方面的，并且还需要额外的压力源来进一步模拟自然环境变化，并且本研究揭示了基因组适应反应的复杂性。)”可知，为了改善未来的研究，研究人员应该在实验中添加额外的压力源。故选B。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的““There’s this big questin f the rle that evlutinary change will play in respnse t climate change, and the way the researchers integrate genmic infrmatin is the best f its kind in the wrld f marine experimental evlutin,” said Kelly.(凯利说:“进化变化在应对气候变化中扮演的角色是一个大问题，研究人员整合基因组信息的方式在海洋实验进化领域是同类中最好的。”)”可知，这项研究之所以如此重要是因为研究人员在研究中整合了基因组信息。故选A。
【30题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段的“Climate change influences hw rganisms live and functin in their envirnment. Investigating hw rganisms adapt is essential fr accurately predicting their survival, and tracking genmic(基因组的) changes helps researchers determine the lasting effects f the changing envirnment.(气候变化影响生物在其环境中的生存和功能。研究生物体如何适应环境对于准确预测它们的生存至关重要，而追踪基因组变化有助于研究人员确定环境变化的持久影响。)”以及下文对于研究的描述可知，本文主要讲述研究生物基因组应对压力源的变化可以预测环境变化，因此推断C项“综合气候压力源导致独特的基因组变化”为最佳标题。故选C。
【答案】31. C 32. A 33. B 34. D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了作者身为作家发现，最好的放松方式是从事一些充满活力的活动。对此作者展开了一项研究，研究发现把充满活力的活动融入到我们的生活中，这样我们的内心故事就会改变，让生活感觉不那么像一件苦差事。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“As cunterintuitive as it seems, adding energizing activities t yur schedule just might make life feel mre duble. (虽然看起来有悖常理，但在你的日程表上增加一些充满活力的活动可能会让你的生活感觉更充实)”可知，更推荐需要行动的休闲活动。故选C。
【32题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“participants incrprated regular physical activity and made rm fr small adventures.”以及上文Instead f表示“而不是”，可知，参与者没有进行减法改变，而是加入了定期的体育活动，并为小型冒险留出了空间。故划线词意思是“减少的”。故选A。
【33题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段“Over the curse f nine weeks, sme time-management strategies were intrduced. Instead f subtractive changes, participants incrprated regular physical activity and made rm fr small adventures. And when it came t leisure activities, I asked them t put “effrtful befre effrtless”. Fr example, even smething as simple as reading a nvel is better than binge-watching a TV shw. I als intrduced them t the principle f taking “ne night fr yu”— cmmitting t ding smething yu enjy, apart frm wrk and family. As with quiet quitting, this might smetimes mean leaving wrk a little earlier than usual, but the pint is nt t d less; the idea is that jining a chir, a sftball team r anything else with expected attendance pushes yu t figure ut the lgistics, arrange the child care if necessary and g — even if life seems t busy t think abut such a thing.(在九个星期的过程中，引入了一些时间管理策略。参与者没有进行减法改变，而是加入了定期的体育活动，并为小型冒险留出了空间。当谈到休闲活动时，我要求他们把“努力放在毫不费力之前”。例如，即使是像读小说这样简单的事情也比刷剧要好。我还向他们介绍了“给自己一个晚上”的原则——承诺做一些自己喜欢的事情，除了工作和家庭。就像安静停止一样，这有时可能意味着比平时早一点下班，但重点不是做得更少；这个想法是，参加合唱团、垒球队或任何其他预期出勤率高的活动，会促使你理清后勤工作，在必要时安排孩子的照顾，然后离开——即使生活似乎太忙了，没有时间考虑这些事情)”可知，第四段主要讲了干预实验。故选B。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“As a writer fcused n time management, I’ve cme t realize that the ppsite f burnut isn’t ding nthing, r even scaling back. As cunterintuitive as it seems, adding energizing activities t yur schedule just might make life feel mre duble.(作为一名专注于时间管理的作家，我已经意识到，倦怠的对立面不是什么都不做，甚至不是缩减规模。虽然看起来有悖常理，但在你的日程表上增加一些充满活力的活动可能会让你的生活感觉更充实)”结合文章主要说明了作者身为作家发现，最好的放松方式是从事一些充满活力的活动。对此作者展开了一项研究，研究发现把充满活力的活动融入到我们的生活中，这样我们的内心故事就会改变，让生活感觉不那么像一件苦差事。由此推知，写这篇文章的目的是论证一种更充实的生活的新方式。故选D。
第四部分：书面表达(共两节，26分)
第一节(共4小题;第49、50题各2分,第51题3分,第52题4分,共11分)
【答案】35. They believe that their children shuld be happy all the time and verindulgence equals lve.
36. Healthy parenting means giving children uncnditinal lve, quality time, healthy discipline and respect fr what is apprpriate.
37. T relieve verindulgence, parents can take certain steps such as acting like kids’ peers and ensuring cnsistency. T relieve verindulgence, parents can take certain steps such as regaining prper parental pwer and ensuring cnsistency
38. My parents adpt psitive reinfrcement by praising me fr cmpleting a task r exhibiting gd manners. Whenever I receive praise and recgnitin fr psitive behavirs, I feel valued and respected, leading t increased self-esteem and cnfidence./My parents give me uncnditinal lve. They always try t create a lving and supprting atmsphere, where I feel emtinally secure and free f stress. Mrever, as such a parenting style allws me t frge clse relatinship with them, I have als enhanced the ability t build psitive relatinships with thers.
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了布伦瑞克的心理治疗师凯西·韦伯(Kathy Webb)说，过度放纵是父母信念的结果。许多过度溺爱的父母认为他们的孩子应该一直快乐，这就是为什么父母不惜一切代价避免冲突的原因。他们还认为，过度放纵等于爱，但专家坚持认为，过度纵容和放纵不是一种健康的爱。
【35题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第二段中“A lt f verindulging parents believe their children shuld be happy all the time, which is the reasn why the parents try t avid cnflict at all csts. They als hld that verindulgence equals lve, but experts insist that being verly permissive and indulgent is nt a healthy kind f lve.”（许多过度溺爱的父母认为他们的孩子应该一直快乐，这就是为什么父母不惜一切代价避免冲突的原因。他们还认为，过度放纵等于爱，但专家坚持认为，过度纵容和放纵不是一种健康的爱。）可知，过度溺爱的父母相信他们认为他们的孩子应该一直快乐，过度放纵等于爱。故答案为They believe that their children shuld be happy all the time and verindulgence equals lve.
【36题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第三段中“Healthy parenting, Webb said, means giving children uncnditinal lve, quality time, healthy discipline and respect fr what is apprpriate.”（韦布说，健康的养育方式意味着给予孩子无条件的爱、高质量的时间、健康的纪律和适当的尊重。）可知，韦伯认为健康的养育意味着给予孩子无条件的爱、优质的时间、健康的纪律和对适当事物的尊重。故答案为Healthy parenting means giving children uncnditinal lve, quality time, healthy discipline and respect fr what is apprpriate.
【37题详解】
考查细节理解。根据最后一段中“Such parents shuld als manage t regain prper parental pwer. In sme families, verindulging parents are acting like peers, nt parents. Cnsistency is als imprtant—children ften imitate the behavir they see frm their parents.”（这样的父母也应该设法重新获得适当的父母权力。在一些家庭中，过度溺爱的父母表现得像同龄人，而不是父母。一致性也很重要——孩子们经常模仿他们从父母那里看到的行为。）可知，T relieve verindulgence, parents can take certain steps such as acting like kids’ peers and ensuring cnsistency.（为了减轻过度溺爱，父母可以采取一些措施，比如像孩子的同龄人一样行事，并确保孩子的言行一致。）这项陈述中，“比如像孩子的同龄人一样行事”这句话是错误的。正确的做法是：为了减轻过度溺爱，父母可以采取一些措施，比如重新获得适当的父母权力，并确保孩子的一致性。故答案为T relieve verindulgence, parents can take certain steps such as acting like kids’ peers and ensuring cnsistency. T relieve verindulgence, parents can take certain steps such as regaining prper parental pwer and ensuring cnsistency.
【38题详解】
考查主观评价。根据文章大意以及题干的要求“分享一种对你的成长有益的育儿方法，并解释原因”，言之有理即可。参考答案：我的父母通过表扬我完成了一项任务或表现出良好的举止来采取积极的强化措施。每当我因为积极的行为而受到赞扬和认可时，我就会感到被重视和尊重，从而增强自尊和信心。故答案为My parents adpt psitive reinfrcement by praising me fr cmpleting a task r exhibiting gd manners. Whenever I receive praise and recgnitin fr psitive behavirs, I feel valued and respected, leading t increased self-esteem and cnfidence.
第二节(15分)
39. 【答案】Dear Jim,
Hw is everything ging?
Our Student Unin held a debate n whether middle schl students culd d hmewrk with the help f the internet.
Students wh supprt it maintain that many apps can facilitate ur learning. Fr instance, we ften use sme apps t practice English listening and speaking skills, which can ffer us real-time feedbacks. In this way, we can identify ur prblems and quickly make adjustments. Cmpared t asking teachers and classmates, it is mre cnvenient and efficient.
Hwever, every cin has tw sides. Oppnents think the drawbacks f ding hmewrk with the help f the internet utweigh its benefits. Firstly, as nt s many f us are s self-disciplined, few students can resist the temptatin f nline ads r games, which disrupts ur learning. Mrever, easy access t answers t difficult questins nline will fster heavy reliance n the internet and gradually rb us f ur independent thinking ability.
Frm my perspective, teenagers can easily fall victim t nline distractins. We had better keep a distance frm it and refrain frm using it while ding hmewrk.（反对）
In my pinin, we shuld use the internet wisely and be fully aware f its pssible dwnsides.（中立）
As far as I’m cncerned, using the internet t study and wrk has becme the nrm f mdern sciety. The earlier students gain the ability t make full use f it, the better it will be fr ur future develpment.（支持）
What’s yur idea abut the tpic? Lk frward t yur reply.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国笔友Jim回复邮件，介绍学校组织的主题为“中学生是否可以借助网络资源完成作业”的辩论赛。
【详解】1.词汇积累
举行：hld→take place
例如：fr instance→fr example
然而：hwever→nevertheless
此外：mrever→furthermre
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：In this way, we can identify ur prblems and quickly make adjustments.
拓展句：In this way can we identify ur prblems, quickly making adjustments.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Fr instance, we ften use sme apps t practice English listening and speaking skills, which can ffer us real-time feedbacks.（运用了which引导非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】We had better keep a distance frm it and refrain frm using it while ding hmewrk.（运用了状语从句的省略结构）
Different Types f Educatin
Frmal educatin
·Teach _11_ skills as well as mre advanced lessns
·Be prvided by qualified teachers r _12_
Infrmal educatin
·Learn skills r acquire knwledge frm hme,…
·Learn frm the _13_ in ne’s cmmunity
Nn-frmal educatin
·_14_ a timetable and be systemically accmplished
·Be flexible in terms f time and nrmally have n age limit