福建省三明市五县联合质检2023_2024学年高二英语上学期期中试题含解析

这是一份福建省三明市五县联合质检2023_2024学年高二英语上学期期中试题含解析，共23页。试卷主要包含了5 分，满分 7， B等内容，欢迎下载使用。
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What time is it nw?
A.7:30.B.8:50. C.9:00.
2. Hw many cakes will the wman pay fr?
A.2. B.4. C.6.
3. What is the wman ding?
A. Offering advice. B. Asking fr help. C. Expressing thanks.
4. What will the wman take?
A. Hamburgers. B. Ht dgs. C. Fruit salad.
5. Where is the man?
A. At an airprt. B. At a train statin. C. At a travel agency.
第二节(共 15 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。
6. Hw did Xia save mney?
A. By buying n clthes.
B. By sharing fd with friends.
C. By buying secnd-hand huses.
7. When did Xia buy her first huse?
A. At the age f 18. B. At the age f 27. C. At the age f 33.
听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 10 题。
8. Hw lng has the wman wrked n the farm?
A. Abut fur years. B. Abut five years. C. Abut eight years.
9. Wh assists the wman with the farm wrk?
A. Her friends. B. Her relatives. C. The lcal farmers.
10. What des the man ffer t d?
A. Find mre helpers. B. Pick apples himself. C. Lend the wman his rbts.
听第 8 段材料，回答第 11 至 13 题。
11 What des the man want t d?
A. Start weight training.
B. Jin a basketball team.
C. Play basketball with his friends.
12. What is the relatinship between the speakers?
A. Husband and wife. B. Dctr and patient. C. Instructr and player.
13. What des the wman suggest the man ding?
A. Cutting back n fd. B. Having a physical check. C. Finding a fitness instructr.
听第 9 段材料，回答第 14 至 16 题。
14. What des the man think f jazz?
A. Unppular. B. Nisy. C. Difficult.
15. What instrument des the man like best?
A. The pian. B. The drums. C. The bass.
16 What will the man engage in this weekend?
A. A music shw. B. A jazz class. C. Band practice.
听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。
17. Why has the lake becme famus in recent years?
A. It’s intrduced in bks.
B. A sprts game is held there.
C. A singer sings a sng abut it.
18. Where did the jurney start?
A. On the eastern shre. B. On the frzen surface. C. Frm abve the lake.
19. What attracts runners t the lake?
A. The wide space. B. The beautiful landscape. C. The cld weather.
20. What des the speaker mainly talk abut?
A. Extreme weather in Siberia.
B The best time t visit Lake Baikal.
C. The lneliest marathn in the wrld.
第二部分阅读理解(共 2 节)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
1.Travel
Hi! I’m a medical student and wrk in Lndn n Sundays. I need a lift. I start wrk at 7:30 and I mustn’t be late, but I haven’t gt transprt. I 'm happy t share the cst f petrl. I like rck music and cmputer games. Text r phne 07777531245 anytime.Elena
2.Cntacts
Are yu self-cnfident? D yu like meeting new peple?I want t g t Australia in the summer and wrk there, then visit sme ther cuntries. I like playing basketball and I enjy dancing. D yu want t cme with me?Email AdrianAB@nunet.cm.
3.Accmmdatin
I’m a first-year art student and want t share a flat r huse in the city center. I can pay up t $300 a mnth. I like shpping and ging ut. I dn’t enjy living in the student hstel. If yu share my lifestyle and have sme space at yur place, phne Carla:07879345621
4.Cntacts
Des anyne have friends in Prtugal r Brazil? I’m a mdern languages student and I want t have an e-mail penfriend wh speaks Prtuguese. I like swimming and pp music. I’m nt a serius persn.I like t party with my friends.Write t Henry.happyft@nunet.cm.
5.Accmmdatin
I’ve gt a small huse near the campus and I want t share it with ne ther persn. Yu must be tidy. I like playing chess and listening t classical music. I’m a final-year physics student. Cme and see the rm n Saturday mrning. Maggie,142 Bennett rad(behind the Science Faculty building).
1. Why did Elena pst n Students Space?
A. T find smene wh has the same interests.
B. T share sme infrmatin abut music.
C. T lk fr a part-time weekend jb.
D. T ask smene t give her a lift.
2. What shuld yu d if yu want t travel abrad with a new friend?
ACall 07777531245B. Call 07879345621
C. Email AdrianAB23@nunet.cmD. EmailHenry.happyft@nenet.cm
3. What d Carla and Maggie have in cmmn?
A. They are free t meet peple n Saturday.
B. They have the same purpse fr psting.
C. They share the same hbbies.
D. They are final-year students.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要是五位学生在学生空间的发帖。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据1.Travel中的“I need a lift. I start wrk at 7:30 and I mustn’t be late, but I haven’t gt transprt. I 'm happy t share the cst f petrl.(我需要搭车。我7:30开始工作，我不能迟到，但是我没有交通工具。)”可知，埃琳娜会在学生空间发帖是想找人让她搭便车。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据2.Cntacts中的“I want t g t Australia in the summer and wrk there, then visit sme ther cuntries. (我想在夏天去澳大利亚，在那里工作，然后参观一些其他国家。)”可知，如果你想和一个新朋友出国旅游，你应该发电子邮件给AdrianAB@nunet.cm。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据3.Accmmdatin中的“I’m a first-year art student and want t share a flat r huse in the city center. (我是一名艺术专业的大一学生，想在市中心合租公寓或房子。)”和5.Accmmdatin中的“I’ve gt a small huse near the campus and I want t share it with ne ther persn.(我在学校附近有一间小房子，我想和另一个人合住。)”可知，卡罗拉和麦琪共同之处都是找人合租房子，所以其发帖目的相同。故选B。
B
Gerge Shull was brn in 1874 n a farm in Clark Cunty, Ohi, and his knwledge f plants and hybrids came at an early age. Being needed n the farm, Shull received his early frmal educatin ff and n. Hwever, it was supplemented (增补) by intense hme study s that by 1892, he was teaching public schl, and later attending Antich Cllege.
In 1901, he graduated frm Antich and went t the University f Chicag t d graduate wrk. With his knwledge f btany (植物学) and experience with farming practices, Shull passed a Civil Service exam, and was appinted as a btanical assistant at the U.S. Natinal Herbarium. He als wrked at the U. S. Bureau f Plant Industry as a btanical expert examining the plants and animals f Chesapeake Bay and Currituck Sund. The data he cllected during this time was t cmprise his Ph.D. thesis (论文). And in 1904 he was appinted t be in charge f plant wrk at the Statin fr Experimental Evlutin.
He began wrking n crn in 1905. Fllwing Gregr Mendel’s example, Shull btained pure-bred ( 纯种的) lines f crn thrugh self-pllinatin. The pure-bred lines were less healthy and prductive, but when he crssed the pure-bred lines, the hybrid yields were better than any f the parents r thse pllinated in the pen fields. He immediately recgnized the ptential fr using this strategy t imprve crp yields.
In 1915, Shull accepted a prfessrship at Princetn University. With his encuragement, Princetn University Press began the publicatin f a new jurnal, Genetics. Shull was the managing editr fr ten years. Genetics is still ne f the tp internatinal science jurnals.
Shull retired in 1942. He and his wife spent mst f their later years with their children and grandchildren.
4. What d we knw abut Shull befre graduating frm Antich?
A. He had begun his wrk n crn.B. He had examined the plants f Chesapeake Bay.
C. He had passed a Civil Service exam.D. He had had sme experience f teaching.
5. What is the right chrnlgical (按时间先后的) rder f the fllwing facts abut Shull?
① Shull was brn in 1874 n a farm in Clark Cunty, Ohi.
② Shull was appinted as a btanical assistant at the U.S. Natinal Herbarium
③ Shull tk charge f plant wrk at the Statin fr Experimental Evlutin.
④ Shull graduated frm Antich cllege in 1901.
⑤ Shull btained pure-bred ( 纯种的) lines f crn thrugh self-pllinatin.
⑥ Shull accepted a prfessrship at Princetn University
A. ④②③①B. ①②⑥⑤C. ④②③⑤D. ①③⑥⑤
6. What was s special abut Shull’s methd f crn breeding?
A. It was first published in Genetics.B. It cmpletely relied n self-pllinatin.
C. It was mainly widely accepted in Ohi.D. It fcused n crssing pure-bred lines.
7. What type f writing is this text?
A. A bigraphy.B. A nvel.C. A bk review.D. A news reprt.
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. D 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要简述了Gerge Shull的一生事迹以及他所取得的成就。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据首段中的“Hwever, it was supplemented (增补) by intense hme study s that by 1892, he was teaching public schl, and later attending Antich Cllege.(然而，他又通过认真的家庭学习加以补充，到1892年，他在公立学校教书，后来进入安提阿学院。)”可知，Shull在他去Antich上大学之前，他曾经在一所公立学校任教，由此可知，他在Antich大学毕业前应该有一些教学经验。故选D项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据首段中的“Gerge Shull was brn in 1874 n a farm in Clark Cunty, Ohi, and his knwledge f plants and hybrids came at an early age.(乔治·舒尔于1874年出生在俄亥俄州克拉克县的一个农场里，他很早就了解了植物和杂交种。)”可知，序号①（Shull出生在俄亥俄州克拉克县的一个农场里）应排在第一位，根据第二段中的“In 1901, he graduated frm Antich and went t the University f Chicag t d graduate wrk.(1901年，他从安提阿大学毕业，去芝加哥大学做研究生工作)”可知，序号④（Shull于1901年在Antich大学毕业）应排在第二位；根据第二段中的“With his knwledge f btany (植物学) and experience with farming practices, Shull passed a Civil Service exam, and was appinted as a btanical assistant at the U.S. Natinal Herbarium.(凭借植物学知识和农业实践经验，他通过了公务员考试，并被任命为美国国家植物标本室的植物学助理。)”可知，序号②（Shull被任命为美国国家植物标本室的植物学助理）应在大学毕业之后，所以排在第三位；根据第二段中的“And in 1904 he was appinted t be in charge f plant wrk at the Statin fr Experimental Evlutin.(1904年，他被任命负责实验进化站的工厂工作。)”可知，序号③（Shull被任命负责实验进化站的工厂工作）是在1904年，应排在第四位；根据第三段中的“He began wrking n crn in 1905. Fllwing Gregr Mendel’s example, Shull btained pure-bred ( 纯种的) lines f crn thrugh self-pllinatin.(他于1905年开始研究玉米。以孟德尔为例，他通过自花授粉获得了纯种玉米。)”可知，序号⑤（Shull通过自花授粉获得纯种玉米）是在1905年以后，应排在第五位；根据倒数第二段中的“In 1915, Shull accepted a prfessrship at Princetn University.(1915年，沙尔接受了普林斯顿大学的教授职位。)”可知，序号⑥（Shull在1915年获得了普林斯顿大学的教授职位）应排在第六位，综合以上信息，与该顺序一致的选项为C项。故选C项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The pure-bred lines were less healthy and prductive, but when he crssed the pure-bred lines, the hybrid yields were better than any f the parents r thse pllinated in the pen fields.(纯种系的健康和产量较低，但当他杂交纯种系时，杂种产量比任何亲本或在露天地里授粉的品种都好。)”可知，杂交纯种品种的产量比任何亲本或在露天地里授粉的品种都好，由此可知，Shull的玉米育种方法的特殊之处在于专注杂交纯种品种。故选D项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据首段中的“Gerge Shull was brn in 1874 n a farm in Clark Cunty, Ohi, and his knwledge f plants and hybrids came at an early age.(乔治·舒尔于1874年出生在俄亥俄州克拉克县的一个农场里，他很早就了解了植物和杂交种。)”可知，本文在首段介绍了Gerge Shull的出生时间和地点，根据尾段中的“Shull retired in 1942. He and his wife spent mst f their later years with their children and grandchildren.(1942年，沙尔退休。他和他的妻子晚年的大部分时间都是和他们的孩子和孙子一起度过的。)”可知，在文章最后介绍得了Gerge Shull的晚年情况，结合文章中间对Shull的工作和学习经历的介绍可知，本文应属于一篇传记体的文章，介绍了Gerge Shull一生的事迹以及所取得的成就。故选A项。
C
A new study shws that the husehld cnsumers (家庭消费者) are fcusing mre n reducing their energy csts by using technlgically advanced hme appliances. The lighting cntrl held the largest share in the smart hme market in 2016. The increase in the adptin (采用) rate f intelligent lighting cntrls by husehlds wrldwide has fuelled the grwth f the smart hme market. These have the ability t reduce electricity cnsumptin because they adjust (调节) the artificial light accrding t the surrundings.
Fur years ag, I was in a discussin abut Nest Thermstat (恒温器), sharing my view that if a huse is built prperly, it desn't need a smart thermstat. It prbably wuldn't d much gd there because with careful placement f high-quality windws, yu seldm need t heat r cl it at all. Since then, ther studies have shwn that in a leaky ld huse, smart thermstats can be very effective and save energy.
But is smart lighting saving energy? A smart lighting system might turn ff r adjust the brightness f a bulb (灯泡), but an LED bulb already uses very little electricity, say 7 watts per bulb. But when yu make it smart, it is always cnnected, cnsuming a bit f pwer t talk t the cntrller r bridge; ne guy with a meter tested it at 0.4 watts per hur, r 9.6 watts in a day. It means that if yu have a pile f smart bulbs and devices, yu are cnsuming a fair bit f electricity.
Except fr smart thermstats in leaky huses, nne in the smart market saves energy. Asking Siri, vice cntrl n any f Apple devices, t turn ff the lights is fun, but we wuld be better ff in terms f energy and exercise if we gt up and reached fr a light switch. Rather than saving energy, the smart hme is wasting it.
8. What des the underlined wrd “fuelled” in paragraph 1 prbably mean?
A. Cntrlled.
B. Prmted.
C. Predicted.
D. Detected.
9. What des the authr think f smart thermstats?
A. They are well-designed.
B. They are energy-efficient.
C. They are nt very useful.
D. They are nt always autmatic.
10. What des paragraph 3 mainly want t tell us?
A. LED bulbs are very bright.
B. LED bulbs are f little value.
C. Smart lighting has develped quickly.
D. Smart lighting des little t save electricity.
11. What des the authr advise us t d in the last paragraph?
A. T use Siri fr fun.
B. T imprve smart lighting.
C. T give up smart thermstats cmpletely.
D. T turn t the traditinal way f turning ff lights.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. D 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是议论文。作者探讨了智能家居系统的弊端，他认为其造成了能源浪费。
【详解】1. 词义猜测题。根据画线单词上文“A new study shws that the husehld cnsumers (家庭消费者) are fcusing mre n reducing their energy csts by using technlgically advanced hme appliances. The lighting cntrl held the largest share in the smart hme market in 2016. (一项新的研究表明，家庭消费者更加关注通过使用技术先进的家用电器来降低他们的能源成本。2016年，照明控制在智能家居市场中占据了最大的份额。)”和画线单词所在句子“The increase in the adptin (采用) rate f intelligent lighting cntrls by husehlds wrldwide has fuelled the grwth f the smart hme market. (全世界家庭采用智能照明控制的比例增加，推动了智能家居市场的增长。)”可知，人们越来越多地使用智能家居设备，而智能光控设备在2016年就占有了最大的市场份额，由此可推断，智能光控设备使用率的上涨很有可能“促进了”智能家居市场的发展。所以画线单词fuelled意为“促进”，故选B。
2. 推理判断题。由第二段中的“It prbably wuldn't d much gd there because with careful placement f high‑quality windws, yu seldm need t heat r cl it at all (它可能不会有太多的好处，因为仔细安置高质量的窗户，你很少需要加热或冷却它在所有。)”可知，智能恒温器在建造质量好的房屋里的作用并不大，因为窗户设计得好，根本不需要给房屋制冷或供热。由此可知，作者认为智能恒温器并非任何时候都需要。故选C。
3. 推理判断题。由第三段中的“when yu make it smart, it is always cnnected, cnsuming a bit f pwer t talk t the cntrller r bridge; ne guy with a meter tested it at 0.4 watts per hur, r 9.6 watts in a day (当你使它智能化时，它总是连接在一起，与控制器或电桥通话需要消耗一点电力：一个拿着电表的人测试它的电量为每小时0.4瓦特，或者说一天9.6瓦特。)”可知，LED灯泡虽然省电，但其控制开关因一直连着电源仍然会耗电。由此可知，智能光控系统根本不省电。故选D。
4. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Asking Siri, vice cntrl n any f Apple devices, t turn ff the lights is fun, but we wuld be better ff in terms f energy and exercise if we gt up and reached fr a light switch. (要求Siri，任何苹果设备上的语音控制，关掉电灯是很有趣的，但是如果我们站起来伸手去拿电灯开关，我们在能量和运动方面会更好。)”可知，作者建议人们自己起身去关灯，而非依赖智能光控系统，一则省电，二则还可以锻炼。故选D。
D
Bigger bumblebees (大黄蜂) spend time learning the lcatins f the mst nectar-rich (花蜜多的) flwers, s they can easily find them again, new research finds. Smaller bees, n the ther hand, aren’t quite as chsy in their flwer selectin.
After drinking frm a flwer, bumblebees decide if it’s wrth visiting again. If the flwer is rich in nectar, bumblebees will perfrm what are knwn as learning flights t study the lcatin arund the flwers. They will slwly fly arund the flwer, and then fly away frm it, lking back at its lcatin. They will remember the flwer and the views all arund it. On their next trip, the bees match what they see with the views they have already memrized. This takes them back t the flwer’s lcatin.
Fr the study, researchers set up an experiment in a greenhuse where they culd watch bees visit artificial flwers cntaining varying cncentratins (不同浓度) f sugar slutins. The flwers had sugar slutins ranging frm 10% t 50% sugar. When the cncentratin was greater, the larger bees spent mre time circling the flwers and making learning flights. When the cncentratin was smaller, the length f time the bees spent lking at the flwer and flying arund it drpped.
Smaller bees spent the same amunt f effrt learning where the flwers were, n matter whether the cncentratin f sugar was lw r high.
The difference likely shws the different rles f the bees in their clnies (群体), the researchers said.
“Large bumblebees are able t carry larger lads (负载) and explre further frm the nest than smaller nes. Smaller nes with a smaller flight range and carrying capacity cannt affrd t be as picky and s accept a wider range f flwers,” the researchers said in the study. “Smaller bees ften take n mre tasks inside the nest, nly ging ut t search fr fd when fd supplies are running lw.”
12. What is paragraph 2 mainly abut?
A. Hw bumblebees tell ne flwer frm anther.
B. Hw bumblebees make flights amng flwers.
C. Hw bumblebees remember the lcatins f flwers.
D. Hw bumblebees tell thers where sweet flwers are.
13. What did researchers find ut in their experiment?
A. Bees dislike the flwers in the greenhuse.
B. The bigger flwers are, the mre bees there are.
C. Smaller bees are mre likely t frget a flwer’s lcatin.
D. The sweeter a flwer is, the lnger time bigger bees spend arund it.
14. What can be inferred frm the last paragraph?
A. Smaller bees are better at building nests.
B. Bees’ duties might depend n their sizes.
C. Bees f different sizes have different tastes.
D. There’re mre large bees than small nes in a nest.
15. In which part f a newspaper may this text appear?
A. Nature.B. Technlgy.C. Style.D. Opinin.
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了研究发现，大黄蜂会花时间记忆最有采蜜价值的花朵位置，而小蜜蜂则不会，这种不同可能显示了蜜蜂在群体中的不同分工。
【12题详解】
段落大意题。根据第二段“After drinking frm a flwer, bumblebees decide if it’s wrth visiting again. If the flwer is rich in nectar, bumblebees will perfrm what are knwn as learning flights t study the lcatin arund the flwers. They will slwly fly arund the flwer, and then fly away frm it, lking back at its lcatin. They will remember the flwer and the views all arund it. On their next trip, the bees match what they see with the views they have already memrized. This takes them back t the flwer’s lcatin.(在喝了一朵花之后，大黄蜂会决定这朵花是否值得再次造访。如果花朵富含花蜜，大黄蜂会进行所谓的学习飞行来研究花朵周围的位置。它们会慢慢地绕着花飞，然后飞离它，回头看它的位置。它们会记住这朵花和周围的景色。在下一次旅行中，蜜蜂会将它们所看到的与它们已经记住的景色相匹配。这会把它们带回花的位置。)”可知，本段主要讲述了大黄蜂记住一朵花的位置的方式。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“When the cncentratin was greater, the larger bees spent mre time circling the flwers and making learning flights.(当浓度更高时，体型较大的蜜蜂会花更多的时间在花朵周围盘旋和学习飞行。)”可知，花朵越甜，大体型的蜜蜂在花朵周围的时间就越长。故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“‘Large bumblebees are able t carry larger lads(负载) and explre further frm the nest than smaller nes. Smaller nes with a smaller flight range and carrying capacity cannt affrd t be as picky and s accept a wider range f flwers,’ the researchers said in the study. ‘Smaller bees ften take n mre tasks inside the nest, nly ging ut t search fr fd when fd supplies are running lw.’(研究人员在研究中表示：‘与体型较小的蜜蜂相比，体型大的大黄蜂能够携带更大的负载，并在离巢穴更远的地方探索。飞行范围和携带容量较小的小蜜蜂不能如此挑剔，因此才会接受更大范围的花朵。较小的蜜蜂通常在巢内承担更多的任务，只有在食物供应不足时才会外出寻找食物。’)”可知，体型大的大黄蜂能够携带更多的花蜜，而且能够探索更远的地方，而体型小的蜜蜂则不具备这种优势，它们主要在蜂巢内工作，由此可推测出，不同体型的蜜蜂有不同的职责。故选B。
【15题详解】
文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文主要围绕bumblebees(大黄蜂)和smaller bees(小蜜蜂)的习性展开，讲述了大黄蜂会花时间记忆值得采的花朵位置，而小蜜蜂则不会，这主要是和其分工不同有关，由此可推测出，这属于自然科学，最有可能出自报纸的“自然”栏目。故选A。
第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Why D Dgs Rll In The Grass?
If yur dg is anything like mine, she lves rlling arund in a patch f grass any chance she gets.And it always cracks me up t watch my dg, Nala, have the time f her life.___16___Is she cling ff? Is she just super happy?What culd it be? Here are sme f the mst cmmn explanatins behind this behavir.
___17___It’s imprtant t remember hw incredibly pwerful yur dg’s nse is. They are picking up n hundreds f subtle scents that we can’t even cmprehend!Smetimes they want t enjy a scent(气味) they’ve fund in the grass and will rll arund in it t d just that.
She’s cling ff___18___It might even be a little wet frm a sprinkler-the perfect place fr yur dg t cl ff in.
She’s cvering up her wn scent. There’s anther smelly reasn why yur pup may be rlling arund in that patch f grass. Sme experts hld the view that dgs may rll in grass t cver their wn scent.___19___
She’s scratching an itch. It’s gd t rule ut any allergies and make sure yur dg isn’t rlling a tn t scratch a cnstantly itchy(发痒的) back r side， but therwise， it’s prbably nrmal that she＇s having a gd time.
___20___I’m nt sure abut yu, but nw I’m even thinking abut jining mine next time.
A. She’s having fun.
BShe’s enjying a smell.
C. But I’ve always wndered why she actually des it.
D. If it’s a particularly ht day, that grass may lk extra appealing t yur dg.
E. It is nt uncmmn t see dgs rlling in the grass arund particular times f year.
F. In ther wrds， they want t smell like the envirnment s they dn＇t scare ff prey (猎物).
G. If yu ntice yur dg rlling arund in the grass, it’s prbably just her having the best time ever.
【答案】16. C 17. B 18. D 19. F 20. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了小狗在草地上打滚的原因。
【16题详解】
根据“Is she cling ff? Is she just super happy?What culd it be?(她在降温吗？她只是超级开心吗？这可能是什么？)”可知，空后提出了一些问题，说明空处为提出这些问题的原因，就是作者一直在想为什么小狗要在草地上打滚。C项“但我一直想知道她为什么这么做。”符合语境。故选C。
【17题详解】
根据“It’s imprtant t remember hw incredibly pwerful yur dg’s nse is. They are picking up n hundreds f subtle scents that we can’t even cmprehend! Smetimes they want t enjy a scent(气味) they’ve fund in the grass and will rll arund in it t d just that.(记住你的狗的鼻子有多么强大是很重要的。它们能捕捉到数百种我们甚法理解的微妙气味！有时，他们想享受在草地上发现的气味，并会在其中打滚，以达到这一目的)”可知，本段介绍他们在草地上打滚的原因之一是因为他们喜欢草地上发出的气味。B项“她喜欢闻一闻”适合作本段的主旨大意句。B项中的“enjying a smell”和下文中的“enjy a scent(气味)”相呼应。故选B。
【18题详解】
根据“She’s cling ff(她正在降温)”以及“It might even be a little wet frm a sprinkler-the perfect place fr yur dg t cl ff in.(洒水车甚至会让它有点湿，这是你的狗降温的理想场所)”可知，本段主要介绍小狗早草地上打滚的原因是因为天气热的时候，草地比较凉快。D项“如果天气特别热，那草可能会对你的狗特别有吸引力”符合语境。E项中的“ a particularly ht day”是前文中“ cling ff”的原因。故选D。
【19题详解】
根据“Sme experts hld the view that dgs may rll in grass t cver their wn scent.(一些专家认为，狗可能会在草地上打滚，以掩盖自己的气味)”可知，空处需要进一步说明为什么小狗需要在草地上打滚来掩盖自己气味的这一事实。F项“换言之，它们想闻到环境的味道，这样就不会吓跑猎物”符合语境。故选F。
【20题详解】
根据“I’m nt sure abut yu, but nw I’m even thinking abut jining mine next time.(我对你不太确定，但现在我甚至在考虑下次也加入)”可知，本处总结狗狗在草地上玩的时候应该是她最开心的时光。G 项“如果你注意到你的狗在草地上打滚，那可能只是她有史以来最好的时光”符合语境。故选G。
第三部分语言运用(共 3 节，满分 30 分)
第一节完形填空(共 15 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 15 分
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
Armed with my camera and a face mask, I entered the COVID-19 quarantine ward (隔离病区) after having my temperature checked.
A quick lk in any directin in the ward shwed nurses ____21____ ging arund attending t patients, wh were separated frm me by a partitin (隔板) with clear glass windws I culd ____22____ . Fr my wn ____23____ , I was nt allwed t pen the dr leading t the rm where the patients were. I std in the lng passage, fcusing my camera t ____24____ the nurses and patients beynd the partitin. The patients seemed t be in gd ____25____ . Sme f them waved at me and gave me the “thumbs up (跷拇指)” sign thrugh the ____26____ windw.
But what caught my ____27____ the mst were the nurses, wh were ____28____ frm head t te in full persnal prtective equipment (PPE). Despite wrking lng hurs, sme f them culd still share a ____29____ with me abut the PPE, which they called a “sauna (桑拿浴) suit”.
Due t the _____30_____ amunt f PPE, these staff must wear their heavy prtective equipment fr fur full hurs, s they are usually wet with sweat by the time they are allwed t _____31_____ . One f the nurses whm I spke t said a clleague f hers _____32_____ a few kilgrams due t the PPE.
The nurses, wh are risking their lives caring fr the _____33_____ , never let the tiredness and ther _____34_____ get in their way.
After spending abut 30 minutes at the ward, I left with great _____35_____ fr these medical wrkers.
21. A. slwlyB. suddenlyC. luckilyD. busily
22. A. get acrssB. search frC. lk thrughD. think abut
23. A. safetyB. recveryC. futureD. schedule
24. A. seekB. inviteC. phtgraphD. attract
25. A. cmpanyB. spiritsC. rderD. psitins
26. A. penB. glassC. dirtyD. picture
27. A. breathB. earC. caseD. attentin
28. A. takenB. frightenedC. decratedD. dressed
29. A. jkeB. dreamC. stryD. message
30. A. greatB. exactC. limitedD. average
31. A. changeB. runC. pullD. break
32. A. cntainedB. lstC. expectedD. added
33. A. prB. sickC. needyD. ld
34. A. chicesB. actinsC. disadvantagesD. difficulties
35. A. satisfactinB. careC. respectD. regret
【答案】21. D 22. C 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. B 27. D 28. D 29. A 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. B 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。讲述了作者在新冠爆发期间到隔离病房的一次经历，看到护士穿着防护服对病人无微不至的照顾后，对医护人员产生了无比敬爱之情。
【21题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：扫一眼，就能看到护士忙碌的身影，跑来跑去照顾病人，他们与我之间隔着一个带有玻璃窗户的隔板，透过隔板我可以清楚地看到他们。A. slwly慢慢地；B. suddenly突然；C. luckily幸运地；D. busily忙碌地。根据空后“ging arund attending t patients”可知，此处指护士跑来跑去，忙碌地照顾着病人，故选D。
【22题详解】
考查动词词组词义辨析。句意同上。A. get acrss使被理解；B. search fr搜寻；C. lk thrugh透过；D. think abut考虑。根据前文的“with clear glass windws”可知，此处指作者可以通过玻璃窗户看，故选C。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了我的安全，我不能打开通往病房的门。A. safety安全；B. recvery恢复；C. future未来；D. schedule时刻表。根据前文“Armed with my camera and a face mask, I entered the COVID-19 quarantine ward (隔离病区) after having my temperature checked.”可知，此处指为了作者不被感染，为了作者的安全，故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我站在长长的走廊上，用我的相机拍摄隔板里的护士和病人。A. seek搜寻；B. invite邀请；C. phtgraph拍摄；D. attract吸引。根据空前“fcusing my camera t”可知，此处指用相机拍摄他们，故选C。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些病人看起来精神不错。A. cmpany陪伴；B. spirits精神；C. rder秩序；D. psitins位置。根据后文“Sme f them waved at me and gave me the “thumbs up (跷拇指)” sign thrugh the ____6____ windw.”可知，此处指那些病人的精神状态还不错，故选B。
【26题详解】
考查名词/形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. pen开着的；B. glass玻璃；C. dirty脏的；D. picture图片。根据前文“wh were separated frm me by a partitin (隔板) with clear glass windws”的提示可知，此处指玻璃窗户，故选B。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是最吸引我的是这些护士，他们从头到脚包裹在防护服里。A. breath呼吸；B. ear耳朵；C. case情况；D. attentin注意力。根据空前“what caught my”可知，此处指最吸引作者注意力的，故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词/形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. taken带着；B. frightened害怕的；C. decrated装饰着的；D. dressed穿着衣服的。根据空后“frm head t te in full persnal prtective equipment (PPE)”可知，此处指护士穿着防护服，故选D。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管工作了很长时间，但他们中的一些仍然能和我开玩笑，说他们把防护服叫做“桑拿蒸浴”。A. jke玩笑；B. dream梦想；C. stry故事；D. message信息。根据后文“which they called a “sauna (桑拿浴) suit”.”可知，此处指护士和作者开玩笑说他们将防护服称作桑拿浴，故选A。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因为防护服的数量有限，所以工作人员必须一次穿满四个小时，这样的话，当他们换防护服时，全身都会被汗水打湿。A. great巨大的；B. exact确切的；C. limited有限的；D. average平均的。根据后文“these staff must wear their heavy prtective equipment fr fur full hurs”可知，此处指防护服的数量是有限的，故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. change换，改变；B. run跑；C. pull拉；D. break打破。根据前文“these staff must wear their heavy prtective equipment fr fur full hurs”可知，此处指当他们换掉防护服时，全是都湿透了，故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：其中一个护士告诉我，她的一个同事因为穿防护服瘦了好几斤。A. cntained包含；B. lst失去；C. expected期盼；D. added增加。根据空后“a few kilgrams due t the PPE”可知，此处指因为防护服而瘦了好几斤，lse weight“体重减轻”。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些护士，冒着生命危险照顾病人，从不会因为疲惫和困难而阻止自己的脚步。A. pr穷的；B. sick生病的；C. needy有需要的；D. ld老的。根据前文“A quick lk in any directin in the ward shwed nurses ____1____ ging arund attending t patients”可知，此处指护士照顾病人，故选B。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. chices选择；B. actins行动；C. disadvantages缺点，不利之处；D. difficulties困难。根据空前“never let the tiredness”可知，此处指其他困难，故选D。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在病房待了30分钟后，我对医疗人员产生了无尽的敬爱之情。A. satisfactin满意；B. care关心；C. respect尊敬；D. regret遗憾。根据前文作者在病房看到护士对病人的照顾，以及他们穿着防护服所带来的不便，但仍然没能阻止自己照顾病人的脚步，因而对医护人员无比尊敬，故选C。
第二节语篇填空(共 6 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 9 分
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
We can learn a lt abut peple’s thughts and pinins by ____36____ (watch) their bdy language. The way t use it can als gives us infrmatin abut ____37____ (they) feelings. Just like ____38____ (speak) language, bdy language varies ____39____ culture t culture. Fr example, ____40____ (make) eye cntact in sme cuntries is a way ____41____ (display) interest. In ther cuntries, by cntrast, eye cntact is nt always apprved f. At the same time, the gestures fr “OK”, “yes”, and “n” have different meanings in different cultures. Hwever, sme gestures seem t have the same meanings everywhere.
【答案】36. watching
37. their 38. spken
39. frm 40. making
41. t display
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了我们可以通过肢体语言来了解人们的思想和感受，而且不同文化中的肢体语言既有不同之处，也有相同之处。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：我们可以通过观察人们的肢体语言来了解他们的想法和观点。空前有介词by，所以空处应用动名词作宾语。故填watching。
【37题详解】
考查代词。句意：使用它的方式也可以给我们一些关于他们感受的信息。空处应用形容词性物主代词their，作定语修饰feelings。故填their。
【38题详解】
考查形容词。句意：就像口语一样，肢体语言因文化而异。空处应用形容词，作定语修饰language。spken意为“口语的”。spken English意为“英语口语”。故填spken。
【39题详解】
考查介词。句意参考上题。vary 意为“从……到……不同”，为固定搭配。故填frm。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，在一些国家，眼神交流是显示兴趣的一种方式。分析句子结构，is之前是主语，且这里表示一般性的动作，所以有应用动名词。故填making。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意参考上题。a way t d sth.意为“做某事的方式”，不定式作后置定语。故填t display。
第三节(英汉互译：共 4 小题;每小题 1.5 分, 满分 6 分)
42. Fllwing the reindeer were the Sami peple, wh made this territrytheir hme. (英译汉)
【答案】跟随着驯鹿步伐的是萨米人，萨米人把这片土地当作他们的家园。
【解析】
【详解】考查句子结构。分析句子可知，本句是含有wh引导的非限制性定语从句，从句wh made this territry their hme“把这片土地当作他们的家园的人”，修饰先行词 the Sami peple“萨米人”，主句Fllwing the reindeer were the Sami peple“跟随着驯鹿步伐的是萨米人”。故本句可译为：跟随着驯鹿步伐的是萨米人，萨米人把这片土地当作他们的家园。
43. The crucial thing is using bdy language in a way that is apprpriate t the culture yu are in. （英译汉）
【答案】关键是使用肢体语言的方式要适合你所处的文化。
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查固定短语。此处主语The crucial thing表示“关键是……”；bdy language表示“肢体语言”；way后跟that引导的定语从句；从句中be apprpriate t表示“适合……”；the culture yu are in翻译为“你所处的文化”。故翻译为关键是使用肢体语言的方式要适合你所处的文化。
44. 袁隆平给人印象最深的是他不断实现梦想的能力。(what 引导主语从句)(汉译英)
【答案】What impresses peple mst abut Yuan Lngping is his nging ability t fulfill his dreams.
【解析】
【详解】考查动词、名词和主语从句。分析句子可知，这里时态应用一般现在时。表示“袁隆平给人印象最深的是”应用what impresses peple mst abut Yuan Lngping is，其中what impresses peple mst abut Yuan Lngping为主语从句；表示“他不断实现梦想的能力”应用his nging ability t fulfill his dreams，在本句中作表语，其中t fulfill his dreams为不定式，作定语修饰ability。故翻译为What impresses peple mst abut Yuan Lngping is his nging ability t fulfill his dreams.
45. 即使阳光明媚(shine)，也无法分辨(tell)是早上还是晚上。(v-ing 的使用) (汉译英)
【答案】Even thugh the sun is brightly shining, telling whether it is mrning r night is impssible.
【解析】
【详解】考查让步状语从句和动名词。根据句意可知，表示“即使”可以为even thugh引导让步状语从句，位于句首，even的首字母需大写，表示“阳光明媚”可转述为“太阳正在闪闪发光”应使用现在进行时，表示当前所处的状态，应译为the sun is brightly shining，所以让步状语从句译为Even thugh the sun is brightly shining；表示“无法分辨是早上还是晚上”可转述为“分辨是早上还是晚上是不可能的”，结合句意可知，此处描述的为客观事实，所以该句使用一般现在时，表示“分辨”应为tell，表示“是……还是……”应为whether…r…，所以，表示“分辨是早上还是晚上”应为tell whether it is in the mrning r night，结合句意和提示可知，此处应为句子的主语，描述的是经常性的动作，所以使用动名词形式，即telling whether it is mrning r night，表示“不可能的”应为impssible，谓语动词表示“是”应为be，动名词作主语时，谓语动词使用单数形式is，所以主句应译为telling whether it is mrning r night is impssible。故翻译为Even thugh the sun is brightly shining, telling whether it is mrning r night is impssible.
第四部分写作(共 2 节，满分 40 分)
第一节 (满分 15 分)
46. 假定你是李华，近期参加了主题为“Life in the future”的科技展，你的英国好友Tm向你了解情况，请给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：
1.时间地点；2.展览内容；3.观展感受
注意事项：
1.词数80左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Tm,
I’m glad that yu’re interested in my recent visit t the science exhibitin and it’s my pleasure t share my experience with yu.
The exhibitin, featuring varius smart inventins, such as driverless cars and smart-hme devices, gave visitrs a glimpse int the life in the future. Especially impressive was a husehld rbt that culd interact with visitrs in a remarkably cnsiderate manner, which wuld make a perfect cmpanin fr the elder.
I’m pretty cnvinced that many f them will sn find their way int cmmn husehlds. D yu feel like paying a visit with me next time?
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国好友Tm写封信，告诉他近期你参加的主题为“Life in the future”的科技展的相关情况，内容包括：1.时间地点；2.展览内容；3.观展感受。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
高兴的：glad→delighted
各种各样的：varius→varied
尤其：especially→particularly
确信的：cnvinced→certain
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：The exhibitin, featuring varius smart inventins, such as driverless cars and smart-hme devices, gave visitrs a glimpse int the life in the future.
拓展句：The exhibitin, which featured varius smart inventins, such as driverless cars and smart-hme devices, gave visitrs a glimpse int the life in the future.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I’m glad that yu’re interested in my recent visit t the science exhibitin and it’s my pleasure t share my experience with yu. (运用了that引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2] Especially impressive was a husehld rbt that culd interact with visitrs in a remarkably cnsiderate manner, which wuld make a perfect cmpanin fr the elder. (运用了倒装句，that引导的限制性定语从句和which引导的非限制性定语从句)
第二节 (满分 25 分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The Sprts Day was fast cming t the schl. All the children were very excited and were practicing fr the big race. Jim, ne f the fast runners f the schl was cnfident that he wuld win s he was nt ding anything at all. “Yu have t wrk hard t cme first in the race, Jim. Yu are nt practicing at all,” said Jim's mther.
“Mm, yu knw hw fast I am! Then why shuld I waste my time running? Only I will win；n ne else will win!” shuted Jim. “Jim, yu may be right but talent withut hard wrk is nt gd at all. This laziness f yurs will cst yu greatly,” his mther warned him. Jim just laughed and shrugged (耸肩) his shulders. He was s cnfident that wuld win the prize as n ne else in his class was as fast as he was!
Tim, a classmate f Jim was als participating in the running race. He was nt a fast runner. Hwever, he was very devted and practiced till late night and had develped great endurance (耐力) and willpwer (意志) t win the race.
There were a few days left fr the Sprts Day but Jim did nt practice at all. On the ther hand, Tim practiced day and night. The Sprts Day was almst arund the crner but Jim was cnfident that n ne culd beat him and had nt practiced at all. But Tim with his devtin and hard wrk had becme a very fast runner.
At last, the Sprts Day arrived. All the students crwded the grund t cheer their favrites. The signal was given t the participants t begin the race. The cach blew the whistle and everyne began t run twards the finishing line. It was s exciting. Jim and Tim left all the racers far behind. Bth f them were neck t neck.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答案卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1
Suddenly, Jim went ahead f Tim.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2
Jim’s mther came t Tim and praised him fr his hard wrk.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Paragraph 1
Suddenly, Jim went ahead f Tim. The crwd cheered fr him. Sn, it was clear that Jim was ging t beat Tim. But, when they were just a few metres away frm the finishing line, Tim surprisingly picked up speed and ran ahead f Jim and reached the finishing line. Tim surprised everyne with his brilliant perfrmance. He prudly received the prize and the mney.
Paragraph 2
Jim’s mther came t Tim and praised him fr his hard wrk. She said, “Yu deserve it fr yur devtin and effrt!” “Thanks, Ms! ” Tim replied with an pen smile and walked happily with his prize. Jim hung his head in shame. His mther turned t him and said, “Lk, Jim, talent withut hard wrk is simply useless. That by put effrts and gt rewarded fr his hard wrk. Hard wrk is the nly way t success. ” Nw Jim understd the imprtance f hard wrk. This incident brught abut a majr change in his life.
【解析】
【分析】本文以时间发展为线索展开，讲述了一次运动会中，吉姆有天赋但过于自信，不努力练习，相反蒂姆每日每夜都在为比赛做准备，最终蒂姆获得冠军的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“突然，吉姆走到了蒂姆的前面。”可知，第一段可描写比赛境况发生转折，蒂姆超过吉姆。
②由第二段首句内容“吉姆的妈妈来找蒂姆，表扬他努力。”可知，第二段可描写吉姆的妈妈借这次比赛让吉姆深刻明白没有努力的天赋是无用的这个道理。
2.续写线索：吉姆超过蒂姆——蒂姆反超——吉姆妈妈庆祝蒂姆——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.加速：pick up speed/speed up/accelerate
②.产生改变：bring abut a majr change/make a big difference
情绪类
①.表扬：praise/applaud sb fr
②.羞愧：in shame/be ashamed f
【点睛】
[高分句型1]: Sn, it was clear that Jim was ging t beat Tim.这句话运用了主语从句。
[高分句型2]. But, when they were just a few metres away frm the finishing line, Tim surprisingly picked up speed and ran ahead f Jim and reached the finishing line.这句话运用了when引导的时间状语从句。
听力1-5 CBACA 6-10 ABCBC 11-15 BABCB 16- 20 ABACC