南京市金陵中学2024-2025学年高一上学期期中考试英语试卷(含答案)

这是一份南京市金陵中学2024-2025学年高一上学期期中考试英语试卷(含答案)，共19页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，短文填空等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、阅读理解
Family-Friendly Events in January
ZLights: Glw Wild Jan. 1-19
The Phenix Z’s yearly hliday light shw is n until Jan. 19, allwing families ne r mre pprtunities t enjy the city’s z, with millins f lights giving an added dimensin t the festivities.
Glw Wild, 455 N. Galvin Pkwy. , Phenix, phenixz.rg, $11. 95 members, $13. 95 general admissin.
Dwntwn Mesa Festival f the Arts Jan. 4-18
The Dwntwn Mesa Festival f the Arts features the wrk f established and emerging artists, including thse wh create wdwrk, metal crafts, fd items, art, phtgraphy and gifts.
On Macdnald, ff f Main Street in Dwntwn Mesa, dtmesafest.cm, free admissin.
Family Fun Winterfest Jan. 4
OdySea Aquarium in the Desert is hsting the third annual Family Fun Winterfest in its Desert Curtyard, featuring real snw fr the kids t play in. This free event features everything frm bunce huses t rides, games, snwflake crafts and face painting t g with varius stands set up by lcal sellers, with fd and ther fferings fr sale at the event.
9500 E. Via de Ventura, Scttsdale, dyseainthedesert.cm, free.
Yuth Fine Arts Curse Jan. 18-Mar. 7
Mesa Arts Center is hsting an eight-week yuth arts curse n Saturdays t teach artistic skills and knwledge thrugh fun and challenging art classes in a wide variety f art materials, including painting, drawing, mixed media and sculpture, ensuring mentally stimulating sessins fr all.
Mesa Art Center, 1 E. Main St, Mesa, mesaartscenter.cm, $93.
1．Hw can yu get a discunted ticket t the ZLights shw?
A．Bring a friend.B．Get a membership.
C．Jin a tur grup.D．Bk a ticket nline.
2．What can yu d at Family Fun Winterfest?
A．Have free fd.B．Take art classes.
C．Enjy real snw.D．Meet lcal artists.
3．Which event lasts the lngest?
A．ZLights: Glw Wild.B．Dwntwn Mesa Festival f the Arts.
C．Yuth Fine Arts Curses.D．Family Fun Winterfest.
I was at a new schl in a new state and needed smething slid t stand n: a place t feel grunded. I als needed t d laundry, s I walked t a nearby self-service laundry and stuffed a machine with my clthes. As I struggled t clse the washer dr, the wman wrking behind the cunter tld me t give it a gd hit with my hand. The washer did its jb, yet even after an hur, the dryer seemed t have barely warmed my clthes. I left, having decided t air-dry them n my car in the August heat.
A mnth later, I learned her name was Sandy, which she tld me after I’d helped her stp a washing machine frm mving acrss the flr. I was grading pems at a table when ne f the washers brke lse and skipped an inch int the air. I jumped t the machine and held n while she unplugged it. The next week, Sandy tld me dryer N. 8 was the fastest.
It went n like this. I’d d laundry nce a week, usually Thursday r Friday. Sandy wrked Tuesday thrugh Saturday and we’d talk small while I flded clthes. She tld me abut her sn and his grades, as well as the new dg they’d just adpted. She was fascinated that I was studying petry. She teased (开玩笑) that it was harder making a living as a pet than as a laundry attendant. Even then I knew she was prbably right.
I began t recgnize thers there: wrkers taking breaks by the dr, a mther and her baby, and even sme delivery drivers. But Sandy was the center f my cmmunity. Fr nearly three years and almst every week, I’d d laundry and talk with her. We checked n each ther, expecting the ther t be there. We asked where the ther had gne when we missed a week. There was a nte f cncern fr the ther’s absence, a nte f jy at their return.
I’d fund a place t stand n slid grund.
4．Why did the authr leave with his wet clthes?
A.He liked the August heat better.B.He had t g back t the meeting.
C.He wanted t shw ff his new car.D.He didn’t think the dryer wrked well.
5．Why did Sandy tell the authr t use dryer N. 8?
A.She was warm-hearted.B.She needed a vlunteer.
C.She wanted t thank him.D.She was srry fr the mess.
6．What did Sandy think f a career in petry?
A.It was harder t fulfill.B.It was really fascinating.
C.It was badly-paid wrk.D.It needed a lt f effrt.
7．What can be inferred abut the authr frm the passage?
A.He frmed a clse friendship with Sandy.
B.He made a lt f friends in cllege.
C.He expected Sandy t d laundry fr him.
D.He ften wrte t Sandy after graduatin.
Climate change and increases in drught and rainstrms pse serius challenges t ur water management. An internatinal grup f scientists has brught tgether a large bdy f research n water quality in rivers wrldwide. The study shws that river water quality tends t wrsen during extreme weather events. As these events becme mre ften and severe due t climate change, ecsystem health and human access t safe water may be increasingly under threat.
The research led by Dr Michelle van Vliet f Utrecht University analysed 965 cases f river water quality changes during extreme weather such as drught, heatwaves, rainstrms, and flding. The analysis shws that in mst cases water quality tends t becme wrse during drughts and heatwaves (68%), rainstrms and flds (51%), and under lng-term changes in climate (56%). During drughts, less water is available t dilute cntaminants(稀释污染物), while rainstrms and flds generally result in mre cntaminants that run ff frm land t rivers and streams. Imprvements r mixed respnses in water quality are als reprted fr sme cases, fr example when increased transprt f pllutants is ffset (抵消) by mre dilutin during fld events.
Water quality changes are strngly driven by changes in water temperature. Land use and ther human factrs such as wastewater treatment als shape hw this plays ut. "Understanding the cmplex interplay between climate, land use, and human drivers, which tgether influence the surces and transprt f pllutants, is crucial," says van Vliet. The research als calls fr mre data cllectin and studies f water quality in nn-Western cuntries. "We need better mnitring f water quality in Africa and Asia. Mst water quality studies nw fcus n rivers and streams in Nrth America and Eurpe."
The results f the study underline the urgent need fr a better understanding f water quality changes during extreme weather events. It sunds an alarm t us. Only then will we be able t develp effective water management strategies that can safeguard ur access t clean water and ensure ecsystem health under climate change and increasing weather extremes.
8．What can we learn frm Paragraph 1?
A. Human beings shuld be blamed fr climate change.
B. Wrsened water quality is threatening the climate.
C. Water quality in rivers wrldwide is under risk.
D. Water management has been imprved recently.
9．What is Paragraph 2 f the text mainly abut?
A. The threats caused by extreme weather.B. The factrs influencing water safety.
C. The findings f van Vliet's research.D. The design f van Vliet's experiment.
10．Accrding t Paragraph 3, which will van Vliet prbably agree with?
A. Water quality in nn-Western cuntries is mre terrible.
B. Human activities have a big influence n water quality.
C. Related data cllectin and studies f Eurpe are adequate.
D. Water quality changes are dminated by water temperature.
11．What is the authr's attitude twards van Vliet's research?
A. Unclear.B. Cntradictry.C. Dubtful.D. Apprving.
Danne Prtugal intrduced a new ygurt named Junts. Fr every pack f ygurt that a persn bught, he wuld dnate ygurt t a family in need. Danne had dne its research. Increasingly, peple say they want t buy frm brands that give them a sense f purpse. Surely a ygurt that helped the needy wuld be appealing. But Junts was a failure. Despite sinking millins int a marketing campaign, Danne pulled Junts frm the market nly mnths after it was launched. Nw the same prduct is simply marketed as a tasty ygurt.
What happened? T find the reasn behind Junts’ failure, Lawrence Williams and his clleagues did an experiment where they shwed peple sme prducts and asked these peple t pick ne ptin. They reminded sme t fcus n the “purpseful and valuable” aspect while thers were tld t “enjy themselves” and fcus n “delight and pleasure.” They fund that participants wh priritized meaning preferred the less expensive prduct when cmpared with peple wh put pleasure in the first place.
S why were meaning-seekers cheaping ut? Lawrence Williams asked participants t explain their decisin-making t find ut. He learned that meaning-riented peple were nt thinking abut hw the prduct they might buy culd bring meaning t their lives. Instead, they were ccupied with what else they culd d with their mney.
I am all fr peple making wise and strategic financial chices. But cheap prducts can create many prblems. Inexpensive ptins ften d nt last as lng as the higher-end nes. As a result, we shp mre ften, which is ultimately wrse fr ur wallets. Plus, that spending pattern can d a greater damage t the envirnment. Thanks in part t fast fashin, peple buy 60 percent mre clthing tday than they did 15 years ag. The fashin industry alne emits mre greenhuse gases than internatinal flights and maritime (海洋的) shipping cmbined.
S befre yu dive int yur wallet fr sme deals, try nt t fix nly n what yu are spending r saving. Think carefully abut what yu are buying, t.
12．What is the main reasn fr the failure f Junts?
A.It ignred marketing strategies.B.It priced itself relatively high.
C.It lacked a particularly gd taste.D.It fcused n delight and pleasure.
13．What can be inferred abut meaning seekers?
A.They frequent high-end stres.B.They think prducts extend their lives.
C.They hesitate t make decisins.D.They make mre purchases with mney.
14．Hw is Paragraph 4 mainly develped?
A.By giving sme examples.B.By listing numbers and data.
C.By explaining reasns.D.By making sme cmparisns.
15．Which is the mst suitable title fr the text?
A.Innvatin: a Prduct’s LifeB.T Buy r nt t Buy
C.Meaning seekers r Quality-pursuersD.Fast Fashin: a Hit t Yur Wallet
There are many nline and in-persn curses prmising t teach a “native accent”. But is it really necessary t sund exactly like a native speaker? Sme experts say it is nt. Eusebia V. Mnt leads the Accent Mdificatin(修正) Prgram at the University f Maryland’s Department f Hearing & Speech Sciences. Mnt talked abut it t reprters.
Students cme t the prgram fr ne r tw schl terms. They meet in a grup fr 90 minutes a week. Each student meets with ne ther student and a “dctr” fr mre individual wrk. Altgether the prgram amunts t abut 60 hurs f learning in class. Mnt says the rate f prgress abslutely depends n the type f accent it is, hw lng they’ve been speaking English and hw ften they speak English.
Mnt says, “I view accent as the spread f culture; the spread f a persn’s individual identity — and I dn’t wrk t remve any part f culture frm an individual.”
Students will mst prbably wrk in English-speaking envirnments when they leave schl. The prgram teaches them tls fr this. Fr example, they learn hw t give an “elevatr pitch” — a shrt descriptin f an idea — and hw t discuss their research. They als practice interviewing and giving presentatins at wrk.
Mnt says that there are a few methds fr mdifying accent, but mst have the same basis. One methd is called the Cmptn Methd. Arthur J. Cmptn develped the methd fr English learners wh knw English vcabulary and grammar fairly well. It begins with a test t find ut hw the student’s native language affects different areas f prnunciatin. Then learners use practice materials t recrd their wn vice and cmpare their prnunciatin attempts t recrdings f a native speaker.
Anther methd is the Tmatis Methd, which uses special headphnes and includes listening t electrnically mdified vices and asks students t find the difference between their prnunciatin and the vices they hear. This methd is als used t cure children wh have mental cnditins that can cause difficulty in language learning.
Mnt’s final advice t English learners is nt t expect t sund exactly like a native speaker. And remember: even native English speakers d nt all speak alike!
16．Accrding t the passage, the Accent Mdificatin Prgram________.
A. is meant t help students get rid f their accent
B. divides students int different classes based n their abilities
C. ffers students a ttal f 90 minutes’ study ver ne r tw schl terms
D. instructs students hw t cmmunicate in English-speaking envirnments
17．What des the underlined part “elevatr pitch” mean in paragraph 4?
A. Discussing ne’s research in brief.
B. Giving presentatins in a small space.
C. Getting an idea acrss t thers efficiently.
D. Practicing interviewing skills in an elevatr.
18．Bth f the Cmptn Methd and the Tmatis Methd ________.
A. require students t take a test first
B. emply the methd f cmparisn
C. serve students wh have mastered English well
D. require students t recrd their vices with equipment
19．What wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A. Ways t Sund like a Native Speaker
B. The Situatin f the Accent Mdificatin Prgram
C. Keep Yur Identity While Changing Yur Accent
D. The Develpment f the Accent Mdificatin Industry
二、七选五
20．Criticism is harmful t healthy relatinships. ①________ First, wrk n changing yur wn behavir. Then, find effective ways t cmmunicate if smene bthers yu.
Changing Yur Behavir
●Think befre yu speak. ②________ Smetimes, it’s best t let small indiscretins (轻率的行为) g. Try taking a few deep breaths and leaving the rm instead f criticizing.
●Separate the individual frm their actins. If yu wrk n separating the persn frm the actin, yu may naturally want t criticize less. As yu realize yu cannt judge a persn’s character based n a single chice r decisin, yu will be unable t call smene ut fr being rude r disrespectful.
●Fcus n psitives. Oftentimes, being critical results frm hw yu’re chsing t see a situatin. Everyne has shrtcmings. Hwever, the vast majrity f peple have gd qualities that utweigh bad nes. ③________
Cmmunicating Mre Effectively
●④________ Sme peple have issues that may need addressing. Hwever, feedback is very different frm criticism. When addressing an issue, fcus n suggestins yu can make t help anther persn imprve, which is mre effective than criticizing.
●Ask fr what yu want directly. Inefficient cmmunicatin ften results in heavy criticism. ⑤________ Make sure t ask fr what yu want in a direct, respectful manner. This will eliminate (消除) the need fr criticism.
●Cnsider the ther party’s perspective. If yu criticize thers t ften, yu may be shutting ut the ther persn’s pint f view. Try t step in anther persn’s shes befre criticizing and yu may get sme new and special ideas.
A. Give feedback rather than criticism.
B. Hwever, there are ways t avid criticism.
C. Try t fcus n a persn’s psitive qualities ver their negative nes.
D. If yu find yurself making assumptins abut a persn’s character, stp yurself.
E. If yu’re nt telling smene what yu want, that persn cannt be expected t knw.
F. Criticism shuld, ideally, be wrking twards an effective slutin t a negative situatin.
G. When yu want t dish ut criticism, pause and cnsider whether yu really need t say anything.
三、完形填空（15空）
Dad is a retired NYPD Patrl Officer. In his precinct (管辖区) lived a family, which cnsisted f a 1 single mther and her fur sns.
The three lder sns were all 2 in crime as a career. Drugs, sale f stlen items, etc. The yungest wh was abut 10 years ld was destined (注定) fr the same. Many f the patrl fficers knew the mm and in turn she knew them, sme by first 3 , as was the case with my Dad.
She was always very 4 when being questined abut her sns. On ne visit, my Dad struck up a 5 . During their talk she expressed her 6 abut her yungest by. She felt 7 in guiding him t the straight and narrw. The envirnment wuld nt 8 it.
My Dad agreed. He ffered the nly slutin he culd think f 9 . He asked her if she wuld allw her “baby” t spend the summer in the suburbs at ur huse.
My Dad had three sns and a daughter (me). We discussed the plan and 10 that it wuld be beneficial fr her by t see anther side f family life which he had never been 11 t.
We had a new member t ur family fr the summer. He 12 the pl in the back yard and he made many friends. The whle neighbrhd welcmed him and he lved the 13 . At the end f summer he returned t his mther.
After he had gtten int sme minr truble with the law, he 14 decided t g t night schl fr accunting, and eventually 15 an ffice jb.
21．A. satisfyingB. strugglingC. appealingD. disappinting
22．A. invlvedB. ccupiedC. checkedD. asked
23．A. timeB. appearanceC. mveD. name
24．A. attractiveB. cmpetitiveC. psitiveD. cperative
25．A. matchB. cnversatinC. helpD. questin
26．A. interestB. curisityC. cncernD. shck
27．A. pwerlessB. carelessC. selflessD. harmless
28．A. getB. adptC. allwD. supprt
29．A. n the sptB. under the weatherC. n purpseD. n lcatin
30．A. decidedB. assumedC. prmisedD. predicated
31．A. expectedB. acceptedC. chsenD. expsed
32．A. appreciatedB. wanderedC. enjyedD. cvered
33．A. gratitudeB. perfrmanceC. attentinD. actin
34．A. delightedlyB. finallyC. graduallyD. simply
35．A. interviewedB. landedC. refusedD. advertised
四、短文填空
36．Recently, sme 10th graders frm my schl held a series f Harry Ptter-themed activities that brught many students’ dreams f magic t life, amng① ________ the csplay shw was the mst interesting. Han Xinrui,② ________ Harry Ptter fan wh csplayed Hermine, said, “The③ ________ (prepare) was cmplicated but interesting. We edited clips f the characters we played frm the④ ________ (rigin) mvies and prjected them n the backgrund fr ur perfrmance. After numerus rehearsals, the actrs put n their wizard rbes and wigs,⑤ ________ (step) nt the stage and waved their hands, acting like⑥ ________ (superstar). Apart frm the csplay shws, the students⑦ ________ (encurage) t write ut sme famus qutes frm the nvels in beautiful handwriting. As ne qute said, “It des nt d well t be bsessed with dreams⑧ ________ frget t live. Wrking hard is imprtant. But there is smething⑨ ________ matters even mre: believing⑩ ________ yurself.” These classic lines were inspiring t the students, encuraging them t keep lking ahead.
参考答案
1．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据ZLights: Glw Wild Jan. 1-19部分中“$11. 95 members, $13. 95 general admissin (会员11.95美元；普通门票13.95美元，)”可知，获得会员资格就可以买到ZLights表演的折扣票。故选B。
2．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据Family Fun Winterfest Jan.4部分中“OdySea Aquarium in the Desert is hsting the third annual Family Fun Winterfest in its Desert Curtyard, featuring real snw fr the kids t play in.(位于沙漠中的奥德海水族馆正在其沙漠庭院举办第三届年度家庭趣味冬季活动，以真正的雪为特色，供孩子们玩耍)”可知，在Family Fun Winterfest可以欣赏到真正的雪。故选C。
3．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据文章内容可知ZLights: Glw Wild从1月1日到19日；Dwntwn Mesa Festival f the Arts从1月4日到18日；Family Fun Winterfest在1月4日；Yuth Fine Arts Curse从1月18日到3月7日。所以Yuth Fine Arts Curses持续时间最长。故选C。
4．答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The washer did its jb, yet even after an hur, the dryer seemed t have barely warmed my clthes. I left, having decided t air-dry them n my car in the August heat.(洗衣机的工作完成了,但即使过了一个小时,烘干机似乎也几乎没有烘干我的衣服。我离开了,决定在8月的高温下在车上风干它们)”可知,作者之所以拿着湿衣服离开是因为他认为烘干机没用。故选D。
5．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第二段“A mnth later, I learned her name was Sandy, which she tld me after I’d helped her stp a washing machine frm mving acrss the flr. I was grading pems at a table when ne f the washers brke lse and skipped an inch int the air. I jumped t the machine and held n while she unplugged it. The next week, Sandy tld me dryer N.8 was the fastest.(一个月后,我才知道她的名字叫Sandy,是在我帮她阻止一台洗衣机在地板上移动后,她告诉我的。当时我正在桌子旁批改诗歌,突然一个洗衣机松开了,飞到空中一英寸。我跳到洗衣机前,抓住不放,她拔下插头。第二个星期,Sandy告诉我8号烘干机是最快的)”可推知,Sandy告诉作者8号烘干机最快是因为她想对作者表达感谢。故选C。
6．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第三段“She teased (开玩笑) that it was harder making a living as a pet than as a laundry attendant. Even then I knew she was prbably right.(她开玩笑说,当诗人比当洗衣工更难谋生。即使那时我也知道她可能是对的)”可推知,Sandy认为诗人的待遇太差。故选C。
7．答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据文章第四段“But Sandy was the center f my cmmunity. Fr nearly three years and almst every week, I’d d laundry and talk with her. We checked n each ther and expected the ther t be there. We asked where the ther had gne when we missed a week.(但Sandy是我生活的中心。在将近三年的时间里,几乎每个星期,我都会一边洗衣服一边和她聊天。我们互相查看对方在不在,并期望对方在那里。当我们错过一个星期的时候,我们会问对方去了哪里)”可推知,作者和Sandy之间建立了亲密的友谊。故选A。
8．答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知,水资源质量因气候变化、极端天气等因素受到严峻威胁,世界各地河流的水质处于危险之中。故选C项。
9．答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。第二段是总分结构,根据该段第一句可知,本段主要介绍米歇尔・范・弗利特博士领导的研究,根据下句中的The analysis shws可知,下文具体介绍该研究的结果。故选C项。
10．答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的Land use and ther human factrs such as wastewater treatment als shape hw this plays ut.和Understanding the cmplex interplay between climate, land use, and human drivers, which tgether influence the surces and transprt f pllutants, is crucial 可知,土地使用和废水处理等其他人为因素也影响水质变化,弗利特认为了解气候、土地利用和人类驱动因素之间的复杂相互作用至关重要,因此可得出她认为人类活动对水质有很大影响。故选B项。
11．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的The results f the study underline the urgent need fr a better understanding f water quality changes during extreme weather events. It sunds an alarm t us.可知,作者认为该研究给我们敲响了警钟,所以对该研究持支持态度。故选D项。
12．答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“Increasingly, peple say they want t buy frm brands that give them a sense f purpse. Surely a ygurt that helped the needy wuld be appealing. But Junts was a failure. (越来越多的人表示，他们想从那些给他们目标感的品牌那里购买。当然，帮助穷人的酸奶会很有吸引力。但Junts是个失败者。)”和第二段“What happened? T find the reasn behind Junts’ failure, Lawrence Williams and his clleagues did an experiment where they shwed peple sme prducts and asked these peple t pick ne ptin. They reminded sme t fcus n the “purpseful and valuable” aspect while thers were tld t “enjy themselves” and fcus n “delight and pleasure.” They fund that participants wh priritized meaning preferred the less expensive prduct when cmpared with peple wh put pleasure in the first place. (发生了什么事?为了找出Junts失败的原因，Lawrence Williams和他的同事们做了一个实验，他们向人们展示了一些产品，并让这些人选择一种。他们提醒一些人专注于“有目的和有价值”的方面，而另一些人则被告知“享受自己”，专注于“快乐和乐趣”。他们发现，与把快乐放在首位的人相比，把意义放在首位的人更喜欢便宜的产品。)”可知，越来越多的人想从那些给他们目标感的品牌那里购买（即购买便宜的产品），Junts失败的主要原因是它的定价相对较高，所以买的人少，最后失败了。故选B。
13．答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段“S why were meaning-seekers cheaping ut? Lawrence Williams asked participants t explain their decisin-making t find ut. He learned that meaning-riented peple were nt thinking abut hw the prduct they might buy culd bring meaning t their lives. Instead, they were ccupied with what else they culd d with their mney. (那么，为什么寻求意义的人要买便宜的东西呢?为了找出答案，劳伦斯·威廉姆斯要求参与者解释他们的决策。他了解到，以意义为导向的人不会考虑他们可能购买的产品如何给他们的生活带来意义。相反，他们专注于思考自己的钱能带来什么其他东西。)”可推测意义追求者专注于用钱买更多的东西，故选D。
14．答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段“I am all fr peple making wise and strategic financial chices. But cheap prducts can create many prblems. Inexpensive ptins ften d nt last as lng as the higher-end nes. As a result, we shp mre ften, which is ultimately wrse fr ur wallets. Plus, that spending pattern can d a greater damage t the envirnment. (我完全支持人们做出明智和战略性的财务选择。但是廉价的产品会产生很多问题。便宜的选择通常不会像高端的选择持续那么久。结果，我们更频繁地购物，这最终对我们的钱包更不利。此外，这种消费模式会对环境造成更大的破坏。)”可推断作者通过解释买廉价的产品会产生很多问题的原因来发展第四段，故选C。
15．答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第四段“I am all fr peple making wise and strategic financial chices. But cheap prducts can create many prblems. Inexpensive ptins ften d nt last as lng as the higher-end nes. As a result, we shp mre ften, which is ultimately wrse fr ur wallets. Plus, that spending pattern can d a greater damage t the envirnment. (我完全支持人们做出明智和战略性的财务选择。但是廉价的产品会产生很多问题。便宜的选择通常不会像高端的选择持续那么久。结果，我们更频繁地购物，这最终对我们的钱包更不利。此外，这种消费模式会对环境造成更大的破坏。)”和最后一段“S befre yu dive int yur wallet fr sme deals, try nt t fix nly n what yu are spending r saving. Think carefully abut what yu are buying, t. (所以，在你为一些交易掏腰包之前，尽量不要只关注你花了多少钱或存了多少钱。也要仔细考虑你要买的东西。)”可知文章主要是对通过消费来做有意义的事情，到底应该买贵的还是廉价的产品进行讨论，C选项“意义追求者还是品质追求者”符合文章主旨，故选C。
16．答案： D
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中 Students will mst prbably wrk in English-speaking envirnments when they leave schl. The prgram teaches them tls fr this. (学生离开学校后很可能会在说英语的环境中工作。这个项目会教他们一些实用方法。)可知，口音矫正程序教授学生如何在说英语的环境中进行交流。故选D项。
17．答案： C
解析：词句猜测题。划线词句后半部分“a shrt descriptin f an idea—and hw t discuss their research(——对一个想法的简短描述——以及如何讨论他们的研究)”说明这是一个有效表达，从而推知划线词句“Fr example, they learn hw t give an’ elevatr pitch(例如，他们学习如何进行elevatr pitch)”其中划线短语意思是“有效地将想法传达给他人”。故选C项
18．答案： B
解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中“It begins with a test t find ut hw the student’s native language affects different areas f prnunciatin. Then learners use practice materials t recrd their wn vice and cmpare their prnunciatin attempts t recrdings f a native speaker. (首先要做一个测试，找出学生的母语是如何影响不同发音领域的。然后，学习者使用练习材料录下自己的声音，并将自己的发音尝试与母语人士的录音进行比较。)”和第六段中“Anther methd is the Tmatis Methd, which uses special headphnes and includes listening t electrnically mdified vices and asks students t find the difference between their prnunciatin and the vices they hear.(另一种方法是Tmatis方法，它使用特殊的耳机，包括听电子矫正的声音，并要求学生找到他们的发音和他们听到的声音之间的差异。)”可知，Cmptn方法和Tmatis方法都采用比较的方法。故选B项。
19．答案： C
解析：主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据第三段中Mnt所说“I view accent as the spread f culture; the spread f a persn’s individual identity — and I dn’t wrk t remve any part f culture frm an individual.”(我认为口音是文化的传播；一个人的个人身份的传播——我不想把文化的任何一部分从个人身上移走。)可知，Mnt认为口音是文化和个人身份的延伸，再结合文中专家介绍的几种矫正口音的方法可知，本文阐明了改变口音的同时要保持自己原有的身份的观点。C项符合主题，故选C项。
20．答案：①-⑤BGCAE
解析：这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述一些如何避免批评别人的方法。
①上文“Criticism is harmful t healthy relatinships.（批评对健康的关系是有害的。）”说明人际交往中批评别人不利于关系的健康发展。下文“First, wrk n changing yur wn behavir. Then, find effective ways t cmmunicate if smene bthers yu.（首先，努力改变你自己的行为。然后，如果有人打扰你，找到有效的沟通方式。）”给出一些具体的解决方法。B项“Hwever, there are ways t avid criticism.（然而，有一些方法可以避免批评。）”承上启下，符合语境。故选B项。
②上文“Think befre yu speak.（三思之后再说话。）”说明该段给出的建议是说话之前应该好好思考。G项“When yu want t dish ut criticism, pause and cnsider whether yu really need t say anything.（当你想要提出批评时，停下来想想是否真的需要说点什么。）”是对该段主旨的进一步解释，说明想要批评之前应该先思考，符合语境。故选G项。
③该段主旨句“Fcus n psitives.（关注积极的方面。）”以及空前“Oftentimes, being critical results frm hw yu’re chsing t see a situatin. Everyne has shrtcmings. Hwever, the vast majrity f peple have gd qualities that utweigh bad nes.（通常，批判源于你选择如何看待一个情况。每个人都有缺点。然而，绝大多数人都有好的品质，而不是坏的。）”说明该段主要讲述每个人都有缺点，然而大多数人的优点多于缺点，人们应该多关注别人积极的方面。C项“Try t fcus n a persn’s psitive qualities ver their negative nes.（试着关注一个人的积极品质而不是消极品质。）”承接上文，其中的“fcus n a persn’s psitive qualities”和段首“Fcus n psitives”相呼应，说明我们应该多关注一个人的积极品质。故选C项。
④上文“Cmmunicating Mre Effectively（更有效地沟通）”说明该部分给出的避免批评的方法是进行有效沟通。下文“Sme peple have issues that may need addressing. Hwever, feedback is very different frm criticism. When addressing an issue, fcus n suggestins yu can make t help anther persn imprve, which is mre effective than criticizing.（有些人可能有需要解决的问题。然而，反馈与批评是截然不同的。在解决一个问题的时候，把重点放在你可以提出的帮助他人提高的建议上，这比批评更有效。）”说明该段主要讲述帮助别人解决问题时，反馈并且给出建议比批评更有效。A项“Give feedback rather than criticism.（给予反馈而不是批评。）”置于句首，概括该段主旨，符合语境。故选A项。
⑤段首句“Ask fr what yu want directly.（直接说出你想要的东西。）”说明该段主要讲述在有效沟通中需要直接表达自己的需求。上文“Inefficient cmmunicatin ften results in heavy criticism.（低效的沟通往往会招致严厉的批评。）”说明无效的沟通会导致批评。下文“Make sure t ask fr what yu want in a direct, respectful manner. This will eliminate (消除) the need fr criticism.（一定要以一种直接、有礼貌的方式提出你的要求。这将消除批评的必要。）”说明直接提出需求是有效的沟通方式，会消除沟通过程中的批评。E项“If yu’re nt telling smene what yu want, that persn cannt be expected t knw.（如果你不告诉别人你想要什么，就不能指望那个人知道。）”承上启下，说明在有效沟通中要直接说出自己的需求，否则别人将不会知道，这将导致无效沟通和批评。故选E项。
21．答案： B
解析：考查形容词及语境理解。A.satisfying令人满意的；B.struggling苦苦挣扎的；C.appealing吸引人的；D.disappinting令人失望的。句意：在他的辖区里住着一个家庭，由一位苦苦挣扎的单身母亲和她的四个儿子组成。根据常识以及空后名词"single mther and her fur sns"可知，单亲妈妈带着四个儿子，生活应是艰难挣扎的。故选B。
22．答案： A
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.invlved参与，涉及；B.ccupied忙于；C.checked核对；D.asked要求。句意：三个大儿子都以犯罪为职业。根据下文"Drugs, sale f stle niters ,etc."可知，三个大儿子参与毒品，贩卖赃物。故选A。
23．答案： D
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.time时间；B.appearance外貌；C.mve移动；D.name名字。句意：许多巡警都认识这位母亲，而她也认识他们，有些人甚至知道他们的名字，就像我父亲一样。根据本句" Many f the patrl fficers knew the mm and in turn she knew them "可知，巡警和这位母亲彼此认识，所以知道名字。故选D。
24．答案： D
解析：考查形容词及语境理解。A.attractive吸引人的；B.cmpetitive竞争性的；C.psitive积极的；D.cperative合作的。句意：当被问及她儿子的情况时，她总是很配合。根据前文" Many f the patrl fficers knew the mm and in turn she knew them "及本句" when being questined abut her sns "可知，巡警和这位母亲彼此认识，所以当她被问及儿子时，她是配合的。故选D。
25．答案： B
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.match比赛；B.cnversatin交谈，对话；C.help帮助；D.questin问题。句意：在一次拜访中，父亲和她攀谈起来。根据下文 "During their talk" 可知，他们在交谈。故选B。
26．答案： C
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.interest兴趣；B.curisity好奇；C.cncern担心；D.shck震惊。句意：在谈话中，她表达了对她最小的儿子的担忧。根据前文" The three lder sns were all 2 in crime as a career."可知，她的三个大儿子都以犯罪为事业，所以她很担心小儿子。故选C。
27．答案： A
解析：考查形容词及语境理解。A.pwerless无力的；B.careless粗心的；C.selfless无私的；D.harmless无害的。句意：她觉得无力引导他循规蹈矩。根据前文" The three lder sns were all 2 in crime as a career."以及下文" The envirnment wuld nt 8 it."可知，在三个大儿子都以犯罪为事业的家庭环境下，她无力引导小儿子。故选A。
28．答案： C
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.get得到；B.adpt采纳；C.allw允许；D.supprt支持。句意：环境不允许这样做。根据前文" The three lder sns were all 2 in crime as a career."可知，这样的家庭环境没法去引导小儿子。故选C。
29．答案： A
解析：考查介词短语及语境理解。A.nthespt当场；B.undertheweather身体不适；C.npurpse故意地；D.nlcatin现场拍摄。句意：他当场提出了他能想到的唯一解决办法。根据下文" He asked her if she wuld allw her “baby” t spend the summer in the suburbs at ur huse."可知，爸爸当场就提出了解决办法。故选A。
30．答案： A
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.decided决定；B.assumed假定；C.prmised承诺；D.predicated断言。句意：我们讨论了这个计划，决定让她的儿子看到他从未接触过的家庭生活的另一面，这对他是有益的。根据空后宾语从句" that it wuld be beneficial fr her by t see anther side f family life "可知，这是我们的决定。故选A。
31．答案： D
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.expected期待；B.accepted接受；C.chsen选择；D.expsed接触。句意：我们讨论了这个计划，决定让她的儿子看到他从未接触过的家庭生活的另一面，这对他是有益的。根据空前" her by t see anther side f family life "可知，这是单亲妈妈的小儿子没有接触过的家庭生活。故选D。
32．答案： C
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.appreciated感激；B.wandered漫游；C.enjyed喜欢；D.cvered覆盖。句意：他喜欢在后院的游泳池，他交了很多朋友。根据本句" the pl in the back yard "可知，他喜欢在后院的游泳池。故选C。
33．答案： C
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.gratitude感激；B.perfrmance表演；C.attentin关注；D.actin行动。句意：所有的邻居都欢迎他，他也喜欢这种关注。根据本句" The whle neighbrhd welcmed him "可知，所有的邻居都欢迎他，他也喜欢这种关注。故选C。
34．答案： B
解析：考查副词及语境理解。A.delightedly高兴地；B.finally终于；C.gradually逐渐；D.simply简单地。句意：在他在法律上惹了些小麻烦之后，他终于决定去夜校学会计，并最终找到了一份办公室工作。根据空后" decided t g t night schl fr accunting"可知，他终于决定去学习，终于改变了人生轨迹。故选B。
35．答案： B
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.interviewed采访；B.landed成功得到，赢得，捞到(尤指许多人想得到的工作);C.refused拒绝；D.advertised为……做广告。句意：在他在法律上惹了些小麻烦之后，他终于决定去夜校学会计，并最终找到了一份办公室工作。根据空后宾语 "an ffice jb" 可知，他赢得了一份办公室工作。故选B。
36．答案： which； a；preparatin；riginal；stepping；superstars；were encuraged；but； that； in
解析：①考查定语从句。句意：最近，我们学校的一些高一学生举办了一系列以哈利·波特为主题的活动，把许多学生的魔法梦想变为现实，其中角色扮演是最有趣的。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词a series f Harry Ptter-themed activities,且从句中缺少amng的宾语，故填which引导定语从句。
②考查冠词。句意：韩新瑞，一个哈利·波特迷，角色扮演的是赫敏，她说：“准备工作很复杂，但很有趣。”fan为可数名词，且此处为泛指，故用不定冠词a,表示“一个”。
③考查名词。句意见上题解析。根据句意及定冠词“the”可知，此处使用名词作主语，结合下文的“was”可知，用单数形式。
④考查形容词。句意：我们从原版电影中剪辑出我们所扮演的角色的片段，并将其投射到我们的表演背景上。分析句子结构可知，空处填形容词riginal,修饰名词mvies,作定语。
⑤考查并列句。句意：经过无数次的排练，演员们穿上了魔法袍，戴上假发，走上舞台，挥舞着双手，表现得像超级明星。分析句子结构可知，空处与put n和waved作并列谓语，填step的过去式stepped,表示一系列顺承动作。
⑥考查名词复数。句意见上题解析。superstar为可数名词，前面无限定词修饰，故superstar用复数形式。
⑦考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：除了角色扮演，学生们还被鼓励用优美的笔迹写出小说中的一些名言。本文时态为一般过去时，本句陈述过去的事情，也用一般过去时。此处主语the students为复数形式，与动词encurage为被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态。
⑧考查连词。句意：沉迷于梦想但是忘记生活是不好的。上文的“be bsessed with dreams"与“frget t live"为转折关系，故填连词but。
⑨考查定语从句。句意：但是还有更重要的事情：相信自己。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词smething,且从句中缺少主语，故填that引导定语从句。
⑩考查介词。句意见上题解析。根据"believing"可知，空处填介词in。believe in neself意为“相信自己”,为固定短语。