专题05 动词时态语态（现在时）（课件）-2025年高考英语一轮复习知识清单（全国通用）

这是一份专题05 动词时态语态（现在时）（课件）-2025年高考英语一轮复习知识清单（全国通用），共47页。PPT课件主要包含了快问快答，PART01，考点细目，PART02，考点清单，PART03，分类通关，PART04等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Q1：判断动词时态语态有哪些小窍门？A1：最可靠法是掌握每种时态的使用场合和标志性词汇、短语，做到有的放矢。Q2：如何确定动词的语态？A2：一方面，需要注意根据语境确定是否应用被动语态，另一方面需要抓住关键性标志，如介词by引起动作的发出者。Q3：如何确定各种从句的时态？A3：如果是状语从句，需要考虑“主将从现”；如果是宾语从句要考虑主从句时态照应；有时像suggest, recmmend从句还应考虑虚拟语气用法。Q4：应用文写作遇到动词时态怎么把握？A4：书信类应用文要结合其内容来确定具体时态乃至语态。如邀请信和通知要使用一般将来时；感谢信和道歉信要使用一般过去时；人物介绍和地点介绍要使用一般现在时。Q5：如何才能学好动词时态语态？A5：一是努力掌握基本知识框架，二是加强训练和背诵，积少成多，学以致用。
一、动词时态语态用法快问快答
二、动词时态语态用法考点细目
三、动词时态语态知识清单
（一）一般现在时六种典型用法
【即时训练】在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。1. The sun __________(rise) in the east and __________(set) in the west.2. Peer pressure can happen when we____________ (influence) t d smething. 3. If it __________(rain) tmrrw, we will nt g uting.4. Lk at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight 4026__________(take)ff at 18:20.5. Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten yur seat belts. The plane_________ (take) ff. 6. I wnder when Mr Brwn _________ (arrive). When he __________(arrive), I’ll tell him the news at nce. 7. The picture ___________(shw) us hw they dnated mney t the children in pr areas last year.8. (2017天津卷) Nwadays, cycling, alng with jgging and swimming, ____________ (regard) as ne f the best all-rund frms f exercise.9. (2018全国I)While running regularly can’t make yu live frever, the review says it ________ (be) mre effective at lengthening life than walking, cycling r swimming.10. (2019全国I) Of the nineteen recgnized plar bear subppulatins, three are declining, six ______ (be) stable, ne is increasing, and nine lack enugh data.
【答案与解析】1. rises; sets。句意：太阳东升西落。该句是客观事实，应用一般现在时。故答案是rises; sets。。2. are influenced。这里介绍客观事实，应用一般现在时；结合语境又是被动语态。故答案是are influenced。3. rains。在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，常用一般现在时代替将来时，即“主将从现”。故填rains。4. takes。表示飞机、火车、轮船（“飞火轮”）时刻表且有明确时间状语应用一般现在时。故答案是takes。5. is taking。本句虽然涉及到飞机航班，但是没有具体时间，应用现在进行时表示将来的动作。故答案是is taking。
【答案与解析】6. will arrive; arrives。第一句when从句是宾语从句，结合语境应用一般将来时；第二句when从句是时间状语从句，因此应考虑使用“主将从现”。故答案是will arrive; arrives。7. shws。历史简介、小说、电影介绍和幻灯片、图片的说明常用一般现在时。故答案是shws。8. is regarded。句中有标志性副词Nwadays；同时结合语境应用被动语态；还应考虑主语与alng with短语与前边主语一致。故答案是is regarded。9. are。联系前后句推断这里应用一般现在时，主语是复数概念。故填are。10. is。结合语境这里表示规律性内容，应用一般现在时。故答案是is。
（二）现在进行时四种典型用法
【即时训练】在空白处填括号内单词的正确形式。1. Be quiet! The baby ________________(sleep).2. Lk! The man ________________(questin) by the plice. 3. Wuld yu please keep silent? The weather reprt _________________ (bradcast) and I want t listen.4. I dn't really wrk here; I ___________(help) ut until the new secretary arrives.5. They are living with their parents fr the mment because their wn huse ____________ (rebuild). 6. (2018天津) My washing machine ___________(repair) this week, s I have t wash my clthes by hand.7. Fd supplies in the fld-stricken area _________(run) ut. We must act immediately befre there’s left.8. Because the shp__________(clse) dwn, all the T-shirts are sld at half price. 9. She always ________(get) up at six in the mrning. 10. He ______________(always learn) things frm his classmates. N wnder that he cmes first in the mid-term examinatin.
【答案与解析】1. is sleeping。句意：安静点！婴儿在睡觉呢！结合语境应用现在进行时。故答案是is sleeping。2. is being questined。本句有关键性单词Lk!。因此后面应用现在进行时；同时结合语境应用被动语态。故答案是is being questined。3. is being bradcast/bradcasted。结合前一句“Wuld yu please keep silent?”，得知天气预报正在被播送；故应用现在进行时的被动语态。故答案是is being bradcast/bradcasted。4. am helping。句意：我不是真的在这里工作；在新秘书到来之前，我一直在帮忙。这里表示现阶段的情况，应用一般现在时。故答案是am helping。5. is being rebuilt。结合语境这里表示一个现阶段正在进行的动作“房屋被重建”，且正在进行，故答案是is being rebuilt。
【答案与解析】6. is being repaired。结合语境这里表示一个现阶段正在进行的动作“房屋被维修”，且正在进行，故答案是is being repaired。7. are running。g, cme, leave, take, run等瞬间动词的现在进行时可以表示将来发生的动作。故答案是are running。8. is clsing。g, cme, leave, take, run等瞬间动词的现在进行时可以表示将来发生的动作。该句意为：因为这个商店快要倒闭了，所有的T恤衫半价销售。故答案是is clsing。9. gets。always表示频度，常与现在完成时连用。故填gets。10. is always learning。本句现在进行时与always连用表示赞扬。故答案是is always learning。
（三）现在完成时四种典型用法
【即时训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1. S far mre than ne friend ____________ (invite) t my birthday party t be held tmrrw. 2. (2014全国)The reprts went missing in 2012 and nbdy ________ (see) them since.3. (2018北京) China’s high-speed railways ___________ (grw) frm 9,000 t 25,000 kilmeters in the past few years.4. (2019江苏) The musician alng with his band members ___________(give) ten perfrmances in the last three mnths.5. (2019全国II) I dn't see any reasn t give up wrk. I lve cming here and seeing my family and all the friends I ___________ (make) ver the years.6. (2018全国II) Diets have changed in China — and s t has its tp crp. Since 2011, the cuntry ________ (grw) mre crn than rice.7. This is the first time that he __________(cmpete) against a tennis champin.8. It was the secnd time he ____________ (make) the same mistake.9. Zhng Nanshan is the mst distinguished dctr in China that ___________(recgnize) internatinally. 10. It is the mst instructive lecture that I ___________ (attend) since I came t this schl.
【答案与解析】1. has been invited。s far常与现在完成时连用；mre than ne接单数名词，谓语也用单数；语境暗示被动语态。故答案是has been invited。2. has seen。句末since是解答本题关键，since, ever since等常与现在完成时连用。故答案是has seen。3. have grwn。in the past few years常与现在完成时连用。故答案是have grwn。4. has given。in the last three mnths暗示用现在完成时；alng with是介词短语，谓语应与前边主语The musician保持一致一致，单数意义。故答案是has given。5. have made。ver the years暗示现在完成时。故答案是have made。
【答案与解析】6. has grwn。Since 2011应与现在完成时连用，单数。故答案是has grwn。7. has cmpeted。在It/This is the first/secnd/third…time+ that…从句中，从句常用现在完成时。故答案是has cmpeted。8. had made。在It/This was the first/secnd/third…time+ that…从句中，从句常用过去完成时。故答案是had made。9. has been recgnized。在It/This is the best/wrst… + 名词+定语从句中，从句常用现在完成时；同时语境暗示被动语态。故答案是has been recgnized。10. have attended。在It/This is the best/wrst… + 名词+定语从句中，从句常用现在完成时；since从句也是暗示。故答案是have attended。
（四）现在完成进行时典型用法
【即时训练一】在空白处填括号内单词的正确形式。1. Her phne ____________ (ring) fr ten minutes. Why desn't she answer it?2. I ____________ (lk) fr my dg fr days and still haven't fund him. 3. (2015陕西) Mary____________ (wrk) really hard n his bk and thinks he’ll have finished it by Friday.4. (2016北京)—Excuse me, which mvie are yu waiting fr?—The new Star Wars. We __________(wait)here fr mre than tw hurs.
【答案与解析】1. has been ringing。句意：她的电话响了十分钟了，她为什么不接呢？现在完成进行时表示一个近期内时断时续、重复发生的动作，强调持续性，不间断性。故答案是has been ringing。2. have been lking。句意：数天来我一直在找我的狗，可还没找到。现在完成进行时表示一个近期内时断时续、重复发生的动作，强调持续性，不间断性。故答案是have been lking。3. has been wrking。现在完成进行时表示一个近期内时断时续、重复发生的动作，强调持续性，不间断性。故答案是has been wrking。4. have been waiting。现在完成进行时表示一个近期内时断时续、重复发生的动作，常和fr，since引导的时间状语连用。故答案是have been waiting。
（五）现在完成进行时典型用法
【即时训练二】在空白处填括号内单词的正确形式。1. (2016江苏) Dashan, wh_________(learn) crsstalk, the Chinese cmedic traditin, fr decades, wants t mix it up with the Western stand-up traditin.2. I think Ana________(finish) her packing since she started getting things ready early this mrning. 3. (2020天津)—Yu are a great swimmer.—Thanks. It’s because I __________(practice) a lt these days.4. S far the lcal gvernment ________ (adpt)new plicies which aim t reduce air pllutin and they’ve prved effective. 5. In the past decades, mdern technlgies__________ (apply) t agriculture widely in China. 6. Excuse me, Marcia, a reprter frm Vanity Fair __________ (phne) all day. Culd yu speak t her nw?
【答案与解析】1. has been learning。现在完成进行时表示一个近期内时断时续、重复发生的动作，强调持续性、未完成性。故答案是has been learning。2. has finished。考查时态。分析句子可知，“Ana　　　(finish) her packing since she started getting things ready early this mrning.”是宾语从句，提示词在句中作谓语动词，与主语Ana之间是主动关系；结合主句“I think”和从句“since she started getting things ready early this mrning”中时态可知，Ana一大早就开始准备，“我”认为她现在已经收拾完毕，强调现在的结果，应用现在完成时；主语Ana是单数名词，谓语动词也用单数形式。故填has finished。3. have been practising。现在完成进行时表示一个近期内时断时续、重复发生的动作，强调持续性、未完成性。故答案是have been practising。4. has adpted。根据时间状语S far可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语是名词单数gvernment，助动词用has。故填has adpted。5. has been phning。解析：考查时态。句意：对不起，玛西娅，《名利场》的记者一整天都在给你打电话。你现在能和她说话吗？结合语境可知，此处指动作从过去持续到现在，而且还有可能继续下去，应用现在完成进行时，主语是a reprter，助动词用has。6. have been applied。句意：在过去的几十年里，现代技术在中国被广泛应用于农业。根据时间状语In the past decades，句子为现在完成时，动词apply与主语mdern technlgies之间为动宾关系，应用被动语态。主语为复数，助动词应用have。故填have been applied。
【即时训练】在空白处填括号内单词的正确形式。1. (2024新高考I卷) Further, the Silk Rute Garden arund the greenhuse _________ (walk) visitrs thrugh a jurney influenced by the ancient Silk Rad, by which silk as well as many plant species came t Britain fr the first time. 2. (2024浙江1月卷) Over the last tw years, sme supermarkets (start) selling chicken r salad in packs designed with tw halves cntaining separate prtins (份).3. (2022全国甲卷) In the last five years, Ca ___________ (walk) thrugh 34 cuntries in six cntinents, and in 2016, he reached the tp f Kilimanjar, Africa’s highest (high) muntain. 4. (2022新高考I卷) After a three-year pilt perid, the GPNP will be fficially set up next year. The GPNP ___________ (design)t reflect the guiding principle f “prtecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)f natural ecsystems, preserving bilgical (2022浙江1月卷) But Cbb and thers ____________ (be) nw questining that idea pushing cnferences t prvide mre chances t participate remtely, and changing their persnal behavir t d their part in dealing with the climate change crisis.
四、动词时态语态分类通关
（一）单句填空（高考真题）
【答案与解析】1. walks。考查时态和主谓一致。句意：此外，围绕温室的丝绸之路花园带领游客走过一段受古丝绸之路影响的旅程。walk sb. thrugh，意为“带领某人穿过……”，空处为本句谓语动词，根据上文可知，本句时态为一般现在时，主语the Silk Rute Garden为单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填walks。2. have started。句意：在过去的两年里，一些超市开始销售鸡肉或沙拉包装，设计成两半，拆分成两份。根据“Over the last tw years”可知，此处应用现在完成时。动词start意为“开始”。故填have started。3. has walked。句意：在过去的五年中，曹操穿越了六大洲的34个国家，2016年，他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。根据时间状语in the last five years可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语Ca为第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has walked。4. is designed。句意：GPNP旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性，保护生物多样性，保护生态缓冲区，为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。设空处在句中作谓语，和句子的主语The GPNP之间为被动关系；叙述客观事实，应用一般现在时。故设空处应为一般现在时的被动语态，主语单数，谓语单数形式。故填is designed。5. are。考查时态和主谓一致。句意：但是现在Cbb和其他人正在质疑那个想法，推动会议提供更多远程参加的机会以及为了尽自己的能力来应对气候变化危机，他们正在改变他们的个人行为。根据句意可知，此处也应使用现在进行时，主语为复数，故填are。
【即时训练】在空白处填括号内单词的正确形式。6. (2022浙江1月卷) On a website called N Fly Climate Sci, fr example, rughly 200 academics - many f them climate scientists ____________ (prmise) t fly as little as pssible since the effrt started tw years ag. 7. (2021北京卷) As it ____________ (cnnect) things, yur brain turns them int a stry, and yu get a dream. 8. (2021北京卷) There ____________ (be) a dramatic rise in the number f extreme weather events ver the past 20 years, caused largely by rising glbal temperatures, accrding t a new reprt frm the United Natins.9. (2021天津卷) Currently, abut 35,000 wrks ____________(display) in ver 300 rms in the Luvre, and it wuld take a lifetime t see everything.10. (2020天津卷) The number f medical schls reached 18 in the early 1990s and ________(remain) arund that level since.
【答案与解析】6. has been。 句意：根据联合国的一份新报告, 过去20年里, 极端天气事件的数量急剧增加, 这在很大程度上是由全球气温上升造成的。根据时间状语ver the past 20 years可知, 此处使用现在完成时, a dramatic rise是单数感念, 助动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填has been。 7. cnnects。句意：当它连接事物时, 你的大脑将它们变成一个故事, 然后你就得到了一个梦。由主句谓语动词turns可知, 空处从句的谓语动词需用一般现在时态, 主语是第三人称单数it, 所以空处谓语动词需用单数。故填cnnects。 8. has been。句意：根据联合国的一份新报告，过去20年里，极端天气事件的数量急剧增加，这在很大程度上是由全球气温上升造成的。根据时间状语ver the past 20 years可知，此处使用现在完成时，a dramatic rise是单数感念，助动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填has been。8. are being displayed。目前，大约有35000件作品陈列在卢浮宫的300多个展室里，要看完所有的展品恐怕要花一辈子的时间。根据上文“Currently(目前)”可知，应该用现在进行时；display与主语wrks之间为被动关系，所以用现在进行时的被动。故填are being displayed。10. has remained。句意:20世纪90年代初，医学院的数量达到了18所，此后一直保持在这个水平。ever since“从那以后”作时间状语，句子用现在完成时态。主语为the number f medical schls，the number f表示“……的数目”，中心词是number，所以是单数，作主语时，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填has remained。
【即时训练】下列各句均有一处错误，请指出并纠正。1. His first nvel received gd reviews since it came ut last mnth.2. Despite the previus runds f talks, n agreement has reached s far by the tw sides.3. Unless extra mney fund, the theatre will clse.4. Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables r high quality il are using fr cking.5. Large quantities f mney have spent in searching fr a cure fr this terrible disease s far.
（二）动词时态语态单句改错
【答案】1. received前加 2. has后加been 3. fund前加is 4. using改为used 5. have后加been
【即时训练】下列各句均有一处错误，请指出并纠正。6. I read half f the English nvel, and I’ll try t finish it at the weekend.7. I wnder if it will snw tmrrw. If it snw tmrrw, I will g skiing.8. As we all knw, the Olympic Games held every fur years.9. Yu are always surf the net! Why nt finish yur hmewrk first?10. This is the first time I visited yur hmetwn, s I knw little abut it.
【答案】6. read前加have 7.第二个snw改为snws 8. held前加are 9.surf改为surfing 10.visited前加have
（三）动词时态语态助力应用文写作升格
书面表达升级：根据提示翻译下列各句。1. (2024新高考I卷) 我写信是想和大家分享上周五我在公园上的一节艺术课。(write)1. I’m writing t share with yu an art class I had in a park last Friday.2. (2024全国甲卷) 中国的交通经历了显著的变革，让中国人民有了不同的出行方式。 (underg, give)2. Chinese transprt has undergne remarkable transfrmatins, giving the Chinese peple access t different ways f travelling.
书面表达升级：根据提示翻译下列各句。3. (2024全国甲卷) 简而言之，中国的交通系统正在拥抱创新和生态友好。 (embrace)3. In shrt, China’s transprt system is embracing innvatin and ec-friendliness.4. (2023全国甲卷)目前很多鲁迅的作品还包含在语文课本中，激励我们学生努力追求一个更美好的未来。 (include, inspire)4. Nwadays, many f Lu Xun’s wrks are still included in Chinese textbks, inspiring us students t strive fr a better future.
书面表达升级：根据提示翻译下列各句。5. (2022全国甲卷) 说到海洋，其污染正变得越来越严重。 (becme)5. When it cmes t cean, its pllutin is becming mre and mre serius.6. (2022全国甲卷) 不幸的是，随着经济发展，近些年见证海洋正在被污染。 (see)6. Unfrtunately, as ur ecnmy advances, recent years have seen the ceans being plluted.
书面表达升级：根据提示翻译下列各句。7. (2022新高考I卷) 这是我第一次邀请你参加我们的节目--- Talk and Talk。 (invite)7. This is my first time that I have invited yu t attend ur prgram —Talk and Talk.8. (2022新高考I卷) 如果你本周日有空的话，我和节目全体人员等你到来。 (wait)8. If yu are available n this Sunday, I tgether with the whle Talk and Talk staff am waiting fr yur cming.
书面表达升级：根据提示翻译下列各句。9. (2021全国乙卷)目前，在线学习已经广为认可，在青少年间各位传播，因为其快捷、高效、低廉。 (write)9. Nwadays, nline study has been widely adpted and spread in campus amng teenagers, with its swiftness, efficiency, as well as lw cst.10. (2021新高考I卷) 作为Yuth的粉丝，我建议刊登外国青少年生活的文章会更好。 (recmmend, carry)10. As a fan f Yuth, I recmmend that it will be better if it carries sme articles abut the life f freign teens.
（四）动词时态语态助力读后续写升格
书面表达升级：根据提示翻译下列各句。1. (2024新高考I卷) 这张照片至今仍放在我的桌子上，提醒我要相信他人，并给予善意。 (serve)1. This pht is still n my desk tday, which serves as a reminder f trusting thers and ffering kindness.2. (2023新高考I卷)“我就知道你会赢！我为你感到骄傲。你成功了！”我的老师兴奋地说。 (be)2. “I knew yu’d win! I am prud f yu. Yu made it!” my teacher said excitedly.
书面表达升级：根据提示翻译下列各句。3. (2023新高考I卷)他紧紧地握着我的手说：“祝贺你！你是个好作家，继续写吧。” (be)3. Hlding my hands tightly, he said “Cngratulatins! Yu are a gd writer, s keep writing.”4. (2023新高考I卷) “你做得很好！你得了第一名！”我当场僵住了，感觉不可思议，喜出望外。 (d)4. "Yu've dne a gd jb! Yu tk first place!"I was frzen at the spt, feeling incredible and verjyed.
书面表达升级：根据提示翻译下列各句。5. (2023新高考I卷)我的成功归功于我的社会老师，他是我写作道路上的指路明灯。 (we, beacn)5. I we my success t my scial teacher wh is a beacn in my life n the rad t writing.6. (2022新高考I卷)在权衡了我的话之后，大卫用低沉但坚定的声音说：“我想跑！” (weigh, want)6. After weighing my wrds, David said in a lw but determined vice, “I want t run!”
书面表达升级：根据提示翻译下列各句。7. (2022新高考I卷) “加油！我们为你感到骄傲！”他的同学们热情地喊道。 (be)7. “Cme n! We are prud f yu!” his classmates shuted enthusiastically.8. (2022新高考I卷)我拍了拍他的肩膀，小声说：“大卫，如果你想试试，就去拿吧！我一直在你身边！” (pat, be)8. I patted him n the shulder and whispered: “David, if yu want t try, just g and get it! I’m always here with yu!”
书面表达升级：根据提示翻译下列各句。9.从父亲的话中，我意识到家庭是世界上最重要的。 (realize)9. Frm my father's wrds, I have realized that family matters the mst in the wrld.10. 从那时起，我父亲的话时不时在我耳边响起，指引着我生活的方向。 (sund)10. Since then, my father's wrds have always sunded in my ears frm time t time, guiding my life.
Swing seeds f understanding130名中外大学生游江苏感知科技改变生活
（五）语法填空（外刊原创）
On May 18-19, ver 130 students and teachers frm 19 universities embarked n a tw-day trip t Zhenjiang, a city in Jiangsu. During the tw-day event, they immersed 1 (they) in China's agricultural histry and learned abut its mdern farming techniques.
Fr Anne Lauren Beer, a 22-year-ld UK student at Xi'an Jiatng-Liverpl University in Suzhu, the trip prvided a glimpse int the charm f cntemprary rural China. At a "smart" mushrm planting base, Beer 2 (witness) hw 5G technlgy enables the autmated cntrl f ptimal mushrm-grwing cnditins. The students were als invited 3 (pick) and ck mushrms n-site, savring the flavr when it was at its 4 (fresh). "I'm nt usually a fan f mushrms and smetimes find them unappealing, 5 these nes were s gd. It was hard nt t lve them," Beer said.
As an envirnmental science student, Beer bserved that mdern agriculture in China retains the benefits f traditinal practices while 6 (emphasize) envirnmental cnservatin. At an rganic farm, she saw l 7 lcal farmers had adapted traditins t incrprate 8 (sustain) practices, such as aviding pesticides and ensuring crp health thrugh diverse seeds and technical methds. Angelina Lisvenk, a 20-year-ld Russian student at Jiangsu University, gained new insights 9 Chinese agricultural traditins, and she pinted ut the 10 (significant) f agriculture in bth Russian and Chinese cultures and ecnmies.
【参考答案】1. themselves 2. witnessed 3. t pick 4. freshest 5. but 6. emphasizing 7. hw 8. sustainable 9. int 10. significance