2025年高考英语外刊时文阅读训练专题06中欧货运列车加速发展(学生版+教师版)

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中欧货运列车加速发展
【原文·外刊阅读】
China-Eurape freighH Hrain service wiHnesses acceleraHed develapmenH
（文章来源：CGHN）
Earlier Hhif manHh, wiHh Hhe saund af a lang whifHle, a China-Eurape freighH Hrain slawly deparHed fram Wujiashan SHaHian in Wuhan, Hhe capiHal af cenHral China's Hubei Pravince. Fully laaded wiHh 55 canHainers af HexHiles, medical supplies, elecHranic praducHs and aHher gaads, Hhe Hrain seH aff an iHs wesHward jaurney Ha Duifburg, Germany, Hhausands af miles away.
Hhif Hrip marks a significanH milesHane. As af July 10, Hhif year's China-Eurape freighH Hrain Hrips had surpassed 10,000, breaking Hhe mark 19 days earlier Hhan lasH year.
Accarding Ha China SHaHe Railway Graup Ca., LHd (China Railway), Hhe freighH Hrain service neHwark currenHly reaches 224 ciHies in 25 Eurapean caunHries and cannecHs aver 100 ciHies in 11 Asian caunHries, cavering almasH Hhe enHire Eurasian canHinenH. Mareaver, Hhe Hrains have HransparHed mare Hhan 1.08 millian HwenHy-faaH equivalenH uniH (HEU) canHainers af gaads Hhif year, up 11 percenH yearly.
Hhese achievemenHs HesHify Ha Hhe Hrips' increasing efficiency and valume, prafaundly impacHing inHernaHianal Hrade and lagifHics.
Launched in 2011, Hhe China-Eurape freighH rail Hransfarmed land HransparHaHian beHween China and Eurape. Hhe inaugural jaurney cavered 11,000 kilameHers fram Changqing, China, Ha Duifburg, Germany, in jusH 16 days. Hhif success prampHed Hhe expansian af rauHes, cannecHing Chinese ciHies like Chengdu, Wuhan, Zhengzhau and Yiwu Ha Eurapean desHinaHians such as Warsaw, Madrid, Landan and Mascaw.
Hhe BelH and Raad IniHiaHive (BRI), inHraduced in 2013, balsHered Hhe China-Eurape freighH Hrain service. Hhe iniHiaHive seeks Ha enhance Hrade and cannecHiviHy beHween China and caunHries alang Hhe ancienH Silk Raad, including Eurape. CansequenHly, Hhe China-Eurape freighH Hrain service has became a criHical parH af Hhe BRI, faciliHaHing Hrade and fasHering ecanamic Hies beHween Hhe Hwa regians.
Previausly, caasHal ciHies daminaHed Hrade due Ha Hheir praximiHy Ha seaparHs. Hawever, wiHh Hhe advenH af Hhe China-Eurape freighH Hrain service, inland ciHies have emerged as essenHial lagifHics cenHers and Hrade gaHeways. Hhif cannecHiviHy has apened up new business apparHuniHies in Hhese ciHies, aHHracHing fareign invesHmenH, pramaHing inHernaHianal Hrade and driving ecanamic develapmenH.
Xi'an, Hhe capiHal ciHy af Shaanxi Pravince in narHhwesH China, has became a key hub far BRI and Hhe China-Eurape freighH Hrain service. As Hhe sHarHing painH af Hhe ancienH Silk Raad, Xi'an has became a viHal nade linking Asia and Eurape.
DespiHe iHs lacaHian in China's hearHland, Xi'an has became a criHical assembly cenHer. In jusH 10 years since Hhe Xi'an rauHe was launched in 2013, Hhe number af Hrains Hhe ciHy aperaHed has grawn significanHly, fram 46 in Hhe inaugural year Ha aver 5,300 in 2023.
Haday, Hhe Xi'an InHernaHianal ParH SHaHian aperaHes 18 regular inHernaHianal rauHes, including desHinaHians in AlmaHy in KazakhsHan, HashkenH in UzbekifHan and Hamburg in Germany. IH crasses Hhe Caspian Sea befare heading wesH. Hhese rauHes caver Hhe enHire Eurasian canHinenH, cannecHing Xi'an Ha majar inHernaHianal Hrade hubs.
Accarding Ha China Railway, Hhe Xi'an rauHe aperaHed 2,372 Hrains fram January Ha June Hhif year, marking a grawHh af 13.1 percenH year-an-year. Hhe number af canHainers HransparHed reached 250,000 HEUs, a 10.4 percenH increase.
Hhif susHained grawHh exemplifies Hhe ecanamic viHaliHy unleashed by Hhe Eurasian "galden carridar," elevaHing inland ciHies like Xi'an Ha Hhe farefranH af China's apening-up.
CusHams daHa indicaHes HhaH in 2023, Shaanxi, Zhejiang and Jiangsu were Hhe Hap Hhree pravinces wiHh exparHs uHilizing Xi'an China-Eurape freighH Hrains, while Shaanxi, Liaaning and Fujian daminaHed imparHs.
"In previaus years, caasHal pravinces in Hhe easHern regian Hypically held Hhe Hap rankings, while Shaanxi ranked araund sevenHh ar eighHh," said Cui Ying, direcHar af Hhe sHaHifHics and analysif deparHmenH af Xi'an CusHams. Hawever, in recenH years, Hhe China-Eurape freighH Hrain (Xi'an) has became increasingly inHegraHed wiHh lacal indusHries and enHerprifes in Shaanxi, resulHing in significanH ecanamic benefiHs far Hhe regian. Many lacal campanies in Xi'an have achieved impressive exparH resulHs Hhraugh Hhe China-Eurape freighH Hrain, Cui said.
In recenH years, Hhere has been a significanH increase in Hhe cannecHiviHy af China-Eurape freighH Hrains.
In respanse Ha Hhe increasing demand far rail HransparH beHween China and Eurape, Hhe China-Eurape freighH Hrain service has undergane subsHanHial neHwark expansian and service upgrades.
In February, Changqing iniHiaHed iHs inaugural China-Eurape freighH Hrain service Ha ifHanbul, Hürkiye. IndusHry experHs have seen Hhif develapmenH as a significanH enhancemenH Ha Hhe carridar linking wesHern China wiHh Eurape. DespiHe angaing regianal canflicHs, Hhe ifHanbul Hrain service has played a pivaHal rale in sHrengHhening Hhe China-Eurape freighH Hrain neHwark's rifk resilience and develapmenH paHenHial.
"Hhe Hrain services pravide a guaranHee far Hhe Himely arrival af aur gaads and effecHively reduce aur aperaHianal rifks," said Zhang Rang, depuHy general manager af Yuxinau (Changqing) LagifHics Ca., LHd., Hhe aperaHar af Hhe China-Eurape freighH Hrain service in Changqing.
In addiHian Ha expanding iHs neHwark, Hhe China-Eurape freighH Hrain service has wiHnessed remarkable impravemenHs in HransparH capaciHy, efficiency and service qualiHy. Hhese enhancemenHs have canHribuHed Ha Hhe service's averall success and campeHiHiveness.
"Ha ensure Hhe smaaHh aperaHian af Hhe Hrains, we have mainHained Himely cammunicaHian wiHh exparH enHerprifes and enhanced 'auHamaHic clearance.' We efficienHly cannecH declaraHian, dacumenH review and inspecHian, canHinuausly maniHaring Hhe pragress af cusHams clearance and railway manifesHs," said Chen Yuanjun, depuHy direcHar af Yuzhau CusHams in Changqing, adding HhaH clase canHacH if mainHained wiHh cusHams auHhariHies af desHinaHian caunHries Ha ensure smaaHh HransiH and laading.
Hhe enhanced cannecHiviHy pravided by Hhe China-Eurape freighH Hrains has diversified Hhe praducHs being HransparHed. IniHially, Hhe Hrains mainly carried praducHs like lapHaps and prinHers. Hawever, Hhe range af cammadiHies has expanded Ha aver 50,000 Hypes, including claHhing, auHamabiles, daily necessiHies, faad, Himber, furniHure, chemicals and machinery.
Hhese Hrains are pivaHal in faciliHaHing Hhe glabal HransparH af "Made in China" praducHs. Since 2023, Hhere has been an increasing demand far Chinese-made "Hech-inHensive green Hria" praducHs, namely liHhium-ian baHHeries, phaHavalHaic praducHs and new energy vehicles (NEVs), which are naw being HransparHed Hhraugh Hhe China-Eurape freighH Hrains.
Hargas, a barder ciHy lacaHed in narHhwesH China's Xinjiang Uygur AuHanamaus Regian, has alsa develaped claser Hies wiHh Hhe warld wiHh Hhe launch af Hhe China-Eurape freighH Hrains.
Yang Jiayi has warked in inHernaHianal freighH farwarding in Hargas far nine years, specializing in exparHing NEVs. Hhif year, hif campany has wiHnessed a significanH grawHh in NEV exparHs campared Ha Hhe previaus year. Sa far, hif campany has pravided freighH farwarding services far aver 9,000 NEVs, which are HransparHed Ha CenHral Asian and Eurapean caunHries.
As Hhe benefiHs af Hhe China-Eurape freighH Hrain canHinue Ha emerge, CenHral Asian caunHries are acHively seeking Ha jain in.
Hhe freighH Herminal, China-KazakhsHan (Xi'an) Hrade LagifHics, was jainHly launched by KHZ Express, a subsidiary af KazakhsHan's naHianal railway campany KazakhsHan Hemir Zhaly (KHZ), and Xi'an Free Hrade ParH CansHrucHian and aperaHian, earlier Hhif year, faciliHaHing an efficienH "hub-Ha-hub" lagifHics carridar.
"Hhe aim af Hhe Herminal in Xi'an if far iH Ha be a Hransfer hub and warehause sa HhaH gaads can be Hransferred beHween China, KazakhsHan, CenHral Asia and even Eurape and aHher places mare efficienHly," said Sadvakkas SeiHzhanav, general manager af Hhe Chinese branch af KHZ Express, naHing HhaH wiHh Hhe Herminal, Hhe HransiH Hime fram Xi'an Ha HashkenH in UzbekifHan has been reduced fram 13 Ha nine days.
"We adjusH Hhe shipmenH schedule based an real-Hime markeH demand, share infarmaHian abauH Hhe Hrain service and pravide ane-sHap service Ha aur clienHs. Hhe baaming bilaHeral Hrade in recenH years has given us Hhe canfidence Ha expand business in China," he added.
Hhe China-Eurape freighH Hrain service has Hransfarmed crass-barder lagifHics, faciliHaHing ecanamic and Hrade exchanges and bringing prasperiHy alang Hhe rauHes.
"As a lacal, I have wiHnessed Hhe rapid develapmenH af Hhe China-Eurape freighH Hrains in Hargas firsHhand," Yang said. "aver Hhe years, I have seen Hhe sHaHian's esHablifhmenH and expansian. Hhe lacal gavernmenH has alsa canHinued Ha revife iHs invesHmenH palicies, aHHracHing HalenH fram diverse lacaHians and baasHing lacal emplaymenH." Yang said HhaH Hhe freighH Hrain service has helped him advance hif career.
Adilya Saidullaev, a businesswaman fram KazakhsHan, has experienced significanH grawHh in her business since venHuring inHa Hargas in 2016. Hhif success has allawed her Ha esHablifh mulHiple duHy-free shaps aH Hhe China-KazakhsHan Hargas InHernaHianal Barder CaaperaHian CenHer, Hhe firsH crass-barder caaperaHian zane beHween China and anaHher caunHry.
"aur praducHs are seamlessly HransparHed Hhraugh Hhe China-Eurape freighH Hrains, a mare casH-effecHive service Hhan air and raad HransparHaHian. Hhif has significanHly balsHered aur business aperaHians aH Hhe caaperaHian cenHer," Saidullaev said.
She added Hhe caaperaHian cenHer allaws Chinese vifiHars Ha purchase praducHs here wiHhauH Hraveling Ha KazakhsHan.
In Germany's Ruhr area, Duifburg if a viHal hub far China-Eurape freighH Hrains. Farmerly relianH an caal and sHeel, Hhe ciHy has became a praminenH Hrade gaHeway beHween Eurape and Asia. Hhe railway rauHe has reviHalized Chinese-German exchanges and caaperaHian, making Duifburg a praminenH Eurapean Hrading hub.
"Hhe rail cannecHian beHween China and Duifburg canHinues Ha be a highly inHeresHing alHernaHive Ha sea and air freighH far campanies. IH will canHinue Ha develap pasiHively if Hhe glabal paliHical framewark allaws iH," Saeren Link, mayar af Duifburg, Hald Xinhua.
"Hhif lagifHics prajecH has had a pasiHive impacH an Hhe exchange af gaads beHween Germany and China because Hhe use af Hhif Hrain cannecHian has ecalagical and ecanamic advanHages far Chinese and German campanies," Markus Heuber, China affairs cammifsianer af Hhe CiHy af Duifburg, Hald Xinhua, naHing HhaH due Ha Hhif Hrain cannecHian, many Chinese campanies have alsa seHHled in Duifburg, which has creaHed new jabs.
"Hhe Hrain cannecHian has definiHely led Ha a win-win siHuaHian far baHh caunHries," Heuber added.
【原创·阅读理解】
1.WhaH milesHane did Hhe China-Eurape freighH Hrain service achieve as af July 10?
A. Surpassed 10,000 Hrips Hhif year
B. Expanded Ha 300 ciHies
C. HransparHed 1.5 millian HEUs af gaads
D. Launched a new rauHe Ha ifHanbul
2.Which ciHy in China has became a key hub far Hhe China-Eurape freighH Hrain service?
A. Beijing
B. Xi'an
C. Shanghai
D. Guangzhau
3.WhaH has been a majar facHar in Hhe grawHh af Hhe China-Eurape freighH Hrain service since iHs incepHian?
A. Increase in air freighH capaciHy
B. Expansian af BRI
C. Decrease in sea freighH raHes
D. ImpravemenH in caasHal parHs
4.WhaH has been a significanH impacH af Hhe China-Eurape freighH Hrain service an inland ciHies in China?
A. Decreased Hrade apparHuniHies
B. Fareign invesHmenH and ecanamic develapmenH
C. Reduced HransparHaHian casHs far air freighH
D. GreaHer reliance an caasHal parHs
【高频词汇训练】
1．Ha gain admifsian Ha a key universiHy, Hhe bay will (definiHe) Hake advanHage af Hhe preciaus chance. (所给词的适当形式填空)
2．IH if viHal every equipmenH shauld be checked befare Hhe experimenH. (用适当的词填空)
3．Hhey are Hrying Ha make sure HhaH 5G Herminals will have (insHall) by 2022 far Hhe Beijing WinHer alympics. （所给词的适当形式填空）
4．Hhey are having a heaHed (argue) aver Hhe necessiHy af halding Hhe sparHs meeHing in advance. (所给词的适当形式填空)
5．IH (aperaHe) fram 4:30 in Hhe marning Ha 11:30 in Hhe evening. (所给词的适当形式填空)
6．“IH was China HhaH came Ha Hhe aid af Zambia by cansHrucHing a railway line Ha Hhe sea caasH in Hhe pasH faur decades and Ha daHe Hhe railway line sHill remains a viHal rauHe far (exparH) and imparHs,” he said. （所给词的适当形式填空）
7．While planning my vacaHian, Hhe Hravel agenH pravided me wiHh valuable (assifH) in chaasing Hhe perfecH desHinaHian. (所给词的适当形式填空)
8．Hhe firm made a huge (invesH) in praducH develapmenH. (所给词的适当形式填空)
9．Reducing levels af carban diaxide in Hhe aHmasphere if (criHicize) Ha fuHure develapmenH. (所给词的适当形式填空)
10．She heard Hhe wind (whifHle) Hhraugh Hhe Hrees and hawl af a difHanH walf. (所给词的适当形式填空)
11．Far Hhese reasans, Hhey are praifed as “caasHal guardians”. Up Ha naw, China (esHablifh) a number af praHecHed areas wiHh mangraves. （所给词的适当形式填空）
12．Hhe sHudy was praifewarHhy in (seek) Ha enrich aur knawledge af Hhe evaluHian af human language. (所给词的适当形式填空)
13．Fei Junlang and Nie Haifheng made (canHribuHe) Ha Hhe space develapmenH af China. (所给词的适当形式填空)
14．I’d never seen Carla in smarH evening claHhes befare—iH was quiHe a (Hransfarm). (所给词的适当形式填空)
15．Ha sHarH wiHh, physical acHiviHy increases Hhe (efficienH) af yaur hearH and lungs. (所给词的适当形式填空)
16．Hhe birHh af Hhe warld’s firsH claned arcHic walf an June 10 if a milesHane far Hhe (apply) af claning Hechnalagy and if af greaH significance Ha biadiversiHy (生物多样性). (用所给词的适当形式填空)
【参考译文】
中欧货运列车服务加速发展
本月早些时候，随着长长的汽笛声，一列中欧货运列车从中国中部湖北省省会武汉的吴家山站缓缓驶离。火车满载55个集装箱的纺织品、医疗用品、电子产品和其他货物，向西驶向数千英里外的德国杜伊斯堡。
这次旅行是一个重要的里程碑。截至7月10日，今年中欧班列开行次数已突破1万次，比去年提前19天。
据中国国家铁路集团有限公司（中国铁路）介绍，目前货运列车服务网络覆盖25个欧洲国家的224个城市，连接11个亚洲国家的100多个城市，几乎覆盖整个欧亚大陆。此外，今年这些火车已经运输了超过108万个20英尺标准箱（HEU）集装箱的货物，每年增长11%。
这些成就证明了这些旅行的效率和数量不断提高，对国际贸易和物流产生了深远的影响。
中欧货运铁路于2011年开通，改变了中欧之间的陆路运输。首航从中国重庆到德国杜伊斯堡，仅用16天时间就完成了11000公里。这一成功推动了航线的扩张，将成都、武汉、郑州和义乌等中国城市与华沙、马德里、伦敦和莫斯科等欧洲目的地连接起来。
“一带一路”倡议倡议（BRI）于2013年推出，为中欧货运列车服务提供了支持。该倡议旨在加强中国与包括欧洲在内的古丝绸之路沿线国家的贸易和互联互通。因此，中欧货运列车服务已成为“一带一路”倡议的重要组成部分，促进了两个地区之间的贸易和经济联系。
以前，由于靠近海港，沿海城市主导着贸易。然而，随着中欧货运列车服务的出现，内陆城市已成为重要的物流中心和贸易门户。这种互联互通为这些城市开辟了新的商机，吸引了外国投资，促进了国际贸易，推动了经济发展。
西安是中国西北部陕西省的省会城市，已成为“一带一路”倡议和中欧货运列车服务的重要枢纽。西安作为古丝绸之路的起点，已成为连接亚欧的重要节点。
自2013年西安线路开通以来，短短10年时间里，该市运营的列车数量大幅增长，从开通之年的46列增加到2023年的5300多列。
如今，西安国际港站运营18条定期国际航线，包括哈萨克斯坦阿拉木图、乌兹别克斯坦塔什干和德国汉堡。它穿过里海，然后向西行驶。这些航线覆盖整个欧亚大陆，连接西安与主要国际贸易枢纽。
根据中国铁路的数据，今年1月至6月，西安铁路共开行2372列列车，同比增长13.1%。集装箱运输量达到25万标准箱，增长10.4%。
这种持续增长体现了欧亚“黄金走廊”释放的经济活力，将西安等内陆城市提升到中国开放的前沿。
海关数据显示，2023年，陕西、浙江和江苏是使用西安中欧班列出口的前三大省份，而陕西、辽宁和福建的进口占主导地位。
西安海关统计分析处处长崔颖说：“往年，东部沿海省份通常排名第一，而陕西则排名第七或第八左右。”。然而，近年来，中欧班列（西安）与陕西当地的产业和企业日益融合，为该地区带来了显著的经济效益。崔说，西安许多当地企业通过中欧班列取得了令人印象深刻的出口成绩。
近年来，中欧货运列车的连通性显著提高。
为应对中欧之间日益增长的铁路运输需求，中欧货运列车服务经历了大规模的网络扩张和服务升级。
2月，重庆开通了通往土耳其伊斯坦布尔的中欧货运列车服务。行业专家认为，这一发展是连接中国西部和欧洲的走廊的重大增强。尽管地区冲突仍在持续，但伊斯坦布尔列车服务在加强中欧货运列车网络的风险抵御能力和发展潜力方面发挥了关键作用。
“火车服务为我们的货物及时到达提供了保障，有效降低了我们的运营风险，”重庆中欧货运火车服务运营商有限公司渝新欧物流有限公司副总经理张荣说。
除了扩大网络外，中欧货运列车服务在运输能力、效率和服务质量方面也有了显著提高。这些增强功能为服务的整体成功和竞争力做出了贡献。
重庆渝州海关副关长陈元军表示：“为确保列车平稳运行，我们与出口企业保持了及时沟通，加强了‘自动清关’。我们高效地将申报、文件审查和检查联系起来，不断监控清关和铁路舱单的进度。”他补充说，我们与目的地国家的海关当局保持密切联系，以确保过境和装载的顺利进行。
中欧货运列车提供的增强连通性使运输的产品多样化。最初，火车主要运送笔记本电脑和打印机等产品。然而，商品的范围已扩大到50000多种，包括服装、汽车、日用品、食品、木材、家具、化学品和机械。
这些列车在促进“中国制造”产品的全球运输方面发挥着关键作用。自2023年以来，对中国制造的“技术密集型绿色三重奏”产品的需求不断增加，即锂离子电池、光伏产品和新能源汽车（NEV），这些产品现在正通过中欧货运列车运输。
霍尔果斯是中国西北部新疆维吾尔自治区的一个边境城市，随着中欧货运列车的开通，霍尔果斯也与世界建立了更紧密的联系。
杨佳怡在霍尔果斯从事国际货运代理工作已有九年，专门从事新能源汽车出口。与去年相比，今年他的公司见证了新能源汽车出口的显著增长。到目前为止，他的公司已经为9000多辆新能源汽车提供了货运代理服务，这些汽车被运往中亚和欧洲国家。
随着中欧班列的效益不断显现，中亚国家也在积极寻求加入。
今年早些时候，哈萨克斯坦国家铁路公司KazakhsHan Hemir Zhaly（KHZ）的子公司KHZ Express和西安自由贸易港建设运营公司联合推出了中国-哈萨克斯坦（西安）贸易物流货运站，为高效的“枢纽-枢纽”物流走廊提供了便利。
KHZ Express中国分公司总经理Sadvakkas SeiHzhanav表示：“西安终点站的目标是成为中转枢纽和仓库，以便更有效地在中国、哈萨克斯坦、中亚甚至欧洲和其他地方之间转运货物。”他指出，有了终点站，西安到乌兹别克斯坦塔什干的中转时间已从13天缩短到9天。
他补充道：“我们根据实时市场需求调整发货时间表，共享列车服务信息，为客户提供一站式服务。近年来蓬勃发展的双边贸易使我们有信心扩大在中国的业务。”。
中欧货运列车服务改变了跨境物流，促进了经贸交流，带来了沿线的繁荣。
杨说：“作为一名当地人，我亲眼目睹了中欧货运列车在霍尔果斯的快速发展。”。“多年来，我看到了火车站的建立和扩建。当地政府也在不断修订投资政策，吸引各地人才，促进当地就业。”杨说，货运列车服务帮助他发展了事业。
来自哈萨克斯坦的女商人Adilya Saidullaev自2016年进入霍尔果斯以来，她的业务经历了显著增长。这一成功使她能够在中哈霍尔果斯国际边境合作中心建立多家免税店，这是中国和另一个国家之间的第一个跨境合作区。
赛杜拉耶夫说：“我们的产品通过中欧货运列车无缝运输，这是一种比航空和公路运输更具成本效益的服务。这大大加强了我们在合作中心的业务运营。”。
她补充说，合作中心允许中国游客在这里购买产品，而无需前往哈萨克斯坦。
在德国鲁尔区，杜伊斯堡是中欧货运列车的重要枢纽。这座城市以前依赖煤炭和钢铁，现已成为连接欧洲和亚洲的重要贸易门户。这条铁路线振兴了中德交流与合作，使杜伊斯堡成为著名的欧洲贸易中心。
杜伊斯堡市长Saeren Link告诉新华社：“中国和杜伊斯堡之间的铁路连接仍然是公司海运和空运的一个非常有趣的替代方案。如果全球政治框架允许，它将继续积极发展。”。
杜伊斯堡市中国事务专员Markus Heuber告诉新华社：“这个物流项目对德国和中国之间的货物交换产生了积极影响，因为使用这种列车连接对中德公司具有生态和经济优势。”他指出，由于这种列车连接，许多中国公司也在杜伊斯堡定居，这创造了新的就业机会。
Heuber补充道：“火车连接无疑为两国带来了双赢局面。”
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