人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第二册Unit 1 Science and Scientists优秀同步训练题

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基础巩固
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.Mr. Jhnsn,what’s yur (think) n the questin put frward at the meeting?
2.In the 1960s, a German scientist made a remarkable (find) when bserving hneybees.
3. (initial), the cmputer system wrked well, but then we met sme challenges.
4.It is reprted that the huse price in sme cities has decreased 10% in the past several years.
5.As a matter f fact, yu shuldn’t blame thers yur failure.
Ⅱ.根据语境翻译短语、判断加黑单词的词性和词义
1.I subscribe t the view that children benefit frm being independent.
翻译
2. As a sprts fan, I subscribed t several sprts channels n TV last year.
翻译
3.Three prisners were sharing ne small cell 3 metres by 2 metres.
词性 词义
4.As yet, they have n slid/cncrete evidence, s they have t release the suspect.
词性 词义 ;词性 词义 ;词性 词义
Ⅲ.单句语法专练
1.This is my father has taught me—t always face difficulties and hpe fr the best.
2.The best mment fr the ftball star was he scred the winning gal.
3.By bat is the nly way t get here, which is we arrived.
4.The number f snakes had declined. He realized that it was there weren’t enugh trees t prtect them frm the heat.
5.Chinese New Year is an imprtant celebratin. This is decrating
rms with plants, fruits and flwers carries special significance.
6.Making a full-length clay(黏土) figure wuld nt exhaust my strength—and that is I intend t d! (2020天津)
7.My first impressin f the rganizatin was it was nt ging t make enugh f a difference with the plans I had in mind.(2021北京)
Ⅳ.结合本单元语法点完成句子
1.然而,问题是这是不是发展中国家最需要的东西。
Hwever, this is what the develping cuntries need mst.
2.她看上去好像对此一无所知。其实不然。
She appeared she nthing abut it. In fact that was nt the case.
3.我的建议是,如果你想上你理想的大学,你应该从现在开始努力学习。
My advice is that frm nw n if yu want t g t yur ideal university.
能力提升
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2021河北石家庄二中月考)
The histry f micrbilgy begins with a Dutch clth maker named Antni van Leeuwenhek, a man f n frmal scientific educatin. In the late 1600s, Leeuwenhek, inspired by the magnifying lenses(放大的镜片) he used t examine clth, built sme f the first micrscpes. He develped a technique t imprve the quality f tiny, runded lenses, sme f which culd magnify an bject up t 270 times. After remving sme plaque(牙斑) frm between his teeth and examining it under a lens, Leeuwenhek fund tiny twisting creatures, which he called “animalcules”.
His bservatins, which he reprted t the Ryal Sciety f Lndn, are amng the first descriptins f micrbes. Leeuwenhek discvered an entire universe invisible t the human eye. He fund different micrbes in samples f pnd water, rain water, and human bld. He gave the first descriptin f red bld cells, bserved plant tissue, examined muscle, and investigated the life cycle f insects.
Nearly tw hundred years later, Leeuwenhek’s discvery f micrbes helped French chemist and bilgist Luis Pasteur t develp his “thery f disease”. This cncept suggested that disease riginates frm germs attacking and weakening the bdy. Pasteur’s thery later helped dctrs t fight infectius diseases including anthrax, diphtheria, pli, smallpx, tetanus, and typhid. All these breakthrughs were the result f Leeuwenhek’s riginal wrk. Leeuwenhek did nt fresee this legacy.
In a 1716 letter, Leeuwenhek described his cntributin t science this way:“My wrk, which I’ve dne fr a lng time, was nt pursued in rder t gain the praise I nw enjy. It was chiefly frm a strng desire fr knwledge, which I ntice resides in me mre than in mst ther men. And therefre, whenever I fund ut anything remarkable, I have thught it my duty t put dwn my discvery n paper, s that the scientific cmmunity might be infrmed theref.”
1.Which f the fllwing best describes Leeuwenhek?
A.A trained researcher with an interest in micrbilgy.
B.A curius amateur(业余爱好者) wh made pineer studies f micrbes.
C.A talented scientist interested in finding a cure fr disease.
D.A bred clth maker wh accidentally made a majr discvery.
2.What des the underlined phrase “this legacy” in Paragraph 3 refer t?
A.The discvery f micrbes.
B.Pasteur’s thery f disease.
C.Leeuwenhek’s cntributin.
D.The rigin f the tiny rganism.
3.What des the qute frm Leeuwenhek’s letter suggest?
A.He admitted that many f his discveries happened by chance.
B.He cnsidered his wrk t be central t later medical breakthrughs.
C.He was greatly cncerned with imprving peple’s living cnditins.
D.He believed the sharing f knwledge was a key t scientific prgress.
4.What is the crrect rder f the fllwing events?
a.Magnifying lenses were built.
b.The “thery f disease” was put frward.
c.Micrbes were discvered in samples f waters.
d.Leeuwenhek’s first micrscpes were successfully develped.
e.Leeuwenhek explained his thughts upn his wn cntributin.
A.a-d-c-e-b. B.d-a-c-e-b.
C.a-d-c-b-e. D.d-a-e-b-c.
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2022福建三明一中月考,)
There was a science fictin stry telling abut a very gifted scientist. He learned the art f reprducing many cpies f himself after a lt f practice. He did it s 1 that it was impssible t tell the reprductin frm the riginal.
There were sme peple wh were against him and 2 him s much that they wuld rder a killer t kill him, but the scientist didn’t want t die. One day, he 3 that smene was searching fr him. “It must be the killer,” he thught. In rder t remain 4 , he had already reprduced multiple cpies f himself. Then he 5 himself amng these reprductins.
In the lab, the killer was at a 6 t knw which was the real scientist. Then he said, “Sir, I’ve discvered a small 7 in yur wrk.” Hearing this, the scientist immediately 8 and shuted,“It’s 9 ! My wrk is perfect! Where is the fault?” “Right here,” said the killer. Then he 10 the scientist.
The scientist’s whle plan 11 and he lst his 12 because he culdn’t cntrl himself. At the same time, he had a(n) 13 weakness—pride. In fact, patience and mdesty are gd qualities which will help us be calm and act 14 when we have t cmplete difficult tasks. Next time befre making a 15 , be mdest and patient and think twice.
B.slwly
C.perfectly D.cnfidently
B.supprted
C.admired D.warned
B.remembered
C.expected D.imagined
B.special
C.alive D.awake
B.prtected
C.discvered D.reminded
B.time
C.lss D.chance
B.benefit
C.mistake D.surprise
away B.jumped up
C.calmed dwn D.fell dwn
B.unnecessary
C.reasnable D.interesting
B.caught
C.passed D.invited
B.appeared
C.remained D.succeeded
B.wrk
C.memry D.life
B.bvius
C.strange D.similar
B.quickly
C.hnestly D.wisely
B.suggestin
C.decisin D.cmment
Ⅲ. 语法填空(2021河北邢台月考)
When it cmes t U.S. middle schl science and engineering, girls rule.Girls tk the tp five prizes at the 2019 Bradcm MASTERS, a cmpetitin fr middle schl students acrss the cuntry. The winners 1 (annunce) last mnth. The champin was 14-year-ld brilliant Alaina Gassler wh designed 2 system t make driving safer by decreasing the number f blind spts, the areas that drivers cannt see utside their vehicles, 3 lead t abut 840,000 accidents a year natinwide.
Alaina’s system helps drivers see “thrugh” the A-frame pillar (支柱), the part f the vehicle at the frnt that 4 (jin) the tp and frnt windw, which is imprtant fr safety and cannt be remved. Alaina used a camera 5 (help) drivers lk “thrugh” the structure t see what is blcked. The camera sends a vide t a device that shws 6 (image) n the ther side f the pillar. The driver then can see what is 7 the blind spt.
Alaina said she was s 8 (surprise) when she heard her name called as the winner. She received a $25,000 prize fr her 9 (invent) and tld Ppular Mechanics that she wuld make imprvements t her device with the mney. Alaina said she wanted t imprve the picture, 10 (make) it easy t see in any kind f weather, r at any time f a day.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Ⅳ.书面表达(2022湖北黄冈月考)
屠呦呦为社会发展做出了巨大的贡献,你身为一名高中生,要向她学习,立志做一个对社会有用的人。请你就此写一篇演讲稿,要点如下:
1.介绍屠呦呦的主要成就——带领团队发现了青蒿素,获得诺贝尔生理学或医学奖;
2.提倡学生学习她身上优良的精神品质,如坚定、有耐心、不放弃等;
3.号召学生树立远大理想,做一个对社会有用的人。
注意:词数80左右。
参考词汇:青蒿素artemisinin;疟疾malaria