专题14 阅读理解推理判断题- 2025年高考英语二轮热点题型归纳与变式演练（天津专用）

这是一份专题14 阅读理解推理判断题- 2025年高考英语二轮热点题型归纳与变式演练（天津专用），文件包含专题14阅读理解推理判断题原卷版-2025年高考英语二轮热点题型归纳与变式演练天津专用docx、专题14阅读理解推理判断题解析版-2025年高考英语二轮热点题型归纳与变式演练天津专用docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共34页， 欢迎下载使用。

高考阅读理解选材来源广泛，多源于国外英文图书、报刊、网络媒体，语言地道纯正，具有鲜明的语言文化特点。体裁包括记叙文、说明文、议论文、应用文等，涉及科普、社会、文化、地理、历史、政治、经济、人文、日常生活等领域。命题主要考查细节理解、主旨大意、词义猜测及推理判断。
题型01 观点、看法、情感态度
【题型诠释】
通过对事件、景物、话语的深入分析推出作者含蓄、隐晦地表达出的观点或看法，体会作者在字里行间中流露出的情感态度。
①依据文中的褒贬性词汇或语句，尤其是形容词和副词，可推断作者的情感态度；
②依据文章最后的“结论”可推断作者是赞成还是反对。
【典例】
The gvernment spent nearly 30 years cming up with a plan t reintrduce the wlves.The U．S.Fish and Wildlife Service carefully mnitrs and manages the wlf packs in Yellwstne.Tday，the debate cntinues ver hw well the gray wlf is fitting in at Yellwstne.Elk，deer，and cyte ppulatins are dwn，while beavers and red fxes have made a cmeback.The Yellwstne wlf prject has been a valuable experiment t help bilgists decide whether t reintrduce wlves t ther parts f the cuntry as well.
·What is the authr's attitude twards the Yellwstne wlf prject?
A．Dubtful. B．Psitive. C．Disapprving. D．Uncaring.
【答案】B 本题利用“方法技巧②”解题。本段最后一句应是结论，根据句中的“a valuable experiment”可知，作者认为这项工程很有价值，因此他的态度应当是积极肯定的。
题型02 写作意图
【题型诠释】
任何人写文章都有意图或目的，阅读理解题时常会就这一问题进行命题，主要考查学生对英语文本的整体感知或理解的能力，做此类题的关键是要了解文章的体裁和题材，把握文章的主题思想。
文体特点看意图
①故事类：t entertain readers/t tell an experience。
②广告类：t persuade readers/t sell a prduct r a service/t attract readers r visitrs。
③科普类、新闻报道类、文化类或社会生活类：T infrm readers/t reprt/t tell/t describe。
【典例】
The things we learn in maturity seldm invlve infrmatin and skills.We learn t bear with the things we can't change.We learn t avid selfpity.We learn that hwever much we try t please，sme peple are never ging t lve us—an idea that trubles at first but is eventually relaxing.
·What des the authr intend t tell us in the paragraph?
A．A tugh man can tlerate suffering. B．A wise man can live withut selfpity.
C．A man shuld try t satisfy peple arund him. D．A man shuld learn suitable ways t deal with life.
【答案】D 本题利用“方法技巧③”解题，题干中的 intend t tell us也印证了这一点。作者在文中告诉我们要学会忍受我们不能改变的事物，要学会避免自怜，要知道不管我们怎么表现，总有人不喜欢我们等等，由此可知此段的主要意思是告诉我们要用合适的方法对待生活。
题型03 隐含信息、言外之意
【题型诠释】
推理判断题属于高层次阅读理解题。做题时，学生要严格依据作者陈述的细节、事实以及措词、态度和语气，利用已获得的相关知识进行推理判断，从而得出符合逻辑的结论。
①在理解原文表面信息的基础上，推测文章的隐含信息和言外之意。
②推理判断题的答案是对原文某一句话或某几句话所作的同义改写或综合。
③不可直接选取文中的原句，切忌用自己的观点代替作者的本意，也切忌得出片面结论。
【典例】
And unplanned human activities have prved the idea f tpdwn cntrl by tp predatrs t be true.In the cean，we fished fr tp predatrs such as cd n an industrial scale，while n land，we killed ff large predatrs such as wlves.These actins have greatly affected the eclgical balance.
·What cnclusin can be drawn frm the examples in the paragraph?
A．Uncntrlled human activities greatly upset ecsystems.
B．Rapid ecnmic develpment threatens animal habitats.
C．Species f cmmercial value dminate ther species.
D．Industrial activities help keep fd webs stable.
【答案】 A 本题利用“方法技巧②”解题。题干中的examples指的就是本段中的“In the cean，we fished fr tp predatrs such as cd n an industrial scale，while n land，we killed ff large predatrs such as wlves.”，这些例子就是前一句的“unplanned human activities”，与选项A中的Uncntrlled human activities相对应；而最后一句的“ have greatly affected the eclgical balance”也恰好对应了选项A中的“greatly upset ecsystems”。
【高考真题】
（2023·天津·统考高考真题）One freezing mrning last February, I walked thrugh Ontari Place. Trees were frsted sculptures. Large chunks f ice flated in the lake. Then I saw a grup f peple in bathing suits buncing up and dwn in the water. They held hands, shuting and yelling int the sky. They lked and sunded s free.
I’ve always fund cld water thrilling. The shck f it is like pressing a switch. It seems t reset my bdy and sul.
And last winter, I definitely needed a reset. I wke up mst mrnings with a dull, grey feeling as I frced myself ut f bed t start the day. I needed smething t cheer myself up, but I didn’t knw what, until that day.
The ice warrirs (勇士) emerged frm the lake, their skin steaming. Trembling, they were yet laughing and hugging each ther. I called ut: “Yu guys are awesme!” One wman waved back, “Cme and jin us! We’ re here every Mnday mrning.”
The night befre my first dip (游泳), I was excited and nervus. Cld water was ne thing, but this icy lake was a whle ther level. Shuld I back ut? Eventually, I gt up in the dark and drve t the meeting spt.
After sme wild warm up, I charged int the lake alng with thers. We yelled int the sky. Teeth chattering heart rates slwing, fingers and tes ging numb (麻木), we stayed there fr smewhere between tw and five minutes. Knwing it was my first time, peple cheered me n. It felt amazing. I was stupid with cld, but I culdn’t remember the last time I’d felt s happy.
Nw I g dipping almst every day, and I’ve cme t lng fr that mment when the cld becmes a secnd skin and my internal vice ges silent. Apart frm the thrill f thse first heart-stpping dives, which, irnically, saved me frm ging under, what has drawn me is this cmmunity f generus, pen-hearted suls.
We laughed tgether, ften, but frm the stries we’ve shared abut urselves, I knw I’m nt the nly ne wh faces life’s challenges. Hlding hands in the freezing lake, we lked ut fr each ther last winter and will d s thrugh this ne.
It wn’t fix everything in ur lives—but fr sme reasn, it helps. At the end f each sessin I return hme feeling strnger, lighter, mre able t carry n. As anther winter sets in, I’m mre than ready t embrace the cld again.
1．When the authr saw the peple in the lake, her feeling can be best described as __________
A．nervusB．amazed
C．frightenedD．calm
【答案】1．B
【导语】本文是记叙文。这篇文章讲述了作者在冰冷的湖中潜泳的经历，并且分享了参与这个活动的人们所带来的快乐和支持。通过这个经历，作者能够重新调整和振作起来，带着更强大的力量面对生活中的挑战。
1．推理判断题。根据第一段“Then I saw a grup f peple in bathing suits buncing up and dwn in the water. They held hands, shuting and yelling int the sky. They lked and sunded s free. (然后我看到一群穿着泳衣的人在水里跳上跳下。他们手牵着手，对着天空大喊大叫。他们看起来很自由，听起来也很自由。)”以及第二段“I’ve always fund cld water thrilling. The shck f it is like pressing a switch. It seems t reset my bdy and sul. (我一直觉得冰冷的水让人兴奋。它的冲击感就像按下一个按钮。似乎它能够重新调整我的身体和灵魂)”和第四段“The ice warrirs (勇士) emerged frm the lake, their skin steaming. Trembling, they were yet laughing and hugging each ther. I called ut: “Yu guys are awesme!” (冰勇士们从湖中冒出来，浑身冒着热气。他们颤抖着，但仍然笑着，互相拥抱着。我喊道：“你们太棒了!”)”可知，冷水让作者兴奋，她看到湖中的人，觉得他们太棒了，所以感觉是惊讶的。故选B项。
（2023·天津·统考高考真题）I lked thrugh the windw f the charming little vilin shp, and my heart began t race.
I'd been ut t dinner that evening. Since it wasn't dark yet after the meal, I decided t walk hme frm the restaurant. I had traveled that way befre, yet I had never nticed that ld little shp. But that night I felt drawn t the vilin shp the mment I came acrss it.
I wiped the dirt frm the windw t get a better lk inside. Several vilins hung frm the dark walls, quietly waiting t be chsen. As my eyes rested n them, I felt as thugh I were lking thrugh a windw int my wn past.
My childhd was all abut the pursuits I had attempted, mst f which had been chsen by Mm. She was like, “Jin the swim team, Tara. Yur sister is a gd swimmer;surely yu will be, t. ”What she refused t acknwledge, hwever, was that I was visibly afraid f water.
Every Saturday I begged Mm nt t make me g t the swim meet, but had little chance f success. That said, with a bang f the starting gun, I wuld dive int the cld water with all my strength and swim t the ther side f the pl as fast as I culd, nly t find that the ther swimmers slid past me. I wuld have given it up if I had nt heard my father's encuraging shuts t cheer me n. When at last my hand wuld grab the edge f the pl, he wuld always be there with a warm, dry twel, telling me hw prud he was f my desperate effrts.
Then came a turning pint in my life the day ur schl rchestra( 管弦乐队)visited my class, and gave a demnstratin. The drums annyed me. The flutes(笛子)bred me. But the vilin…ah, the vilin. It made the sweetest sund I'd ever heard!My heart was dancing alng with its flwing tune. Fr the first time in my life, I went s wild with jy.
Tightly hlding the permissin slip frm the rchestra directr, I ran all the way hme after schl, and shakily handed it t my parents with a fear that they might dismiss my desire. They didn't. Mm was thrilled t see me finally excited abut smething, and Dad winked(眨眼示意)at me while eagerly signing the slip.
I began practicing the vilin with great passin, and rse quickly in ability. Befre lng I had wn the first seat in the cmmunity rchestra …
7．What Dad did fr Tara during the swimming cmpetitin implies that he is ________.
A．mindless and bad-tempered
B．caring and supprtive
C．strict and demanding
D．tlerant and sympathetic
【答案】 7．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者路过橱窗时，看到一把迷人的小提琴深受吸引。在游泳比赛屡次落后的情形下，我观看了学校管弦乐队举办的演奏会。在得到父母的许可下，我充满激情地练习小提琴最终成为了社区管弦乐团的首席。
7．推理判断题。由文章第五段最后两句“I wuld have given it up if I had nt heard my father's encuraging shuts t cheer me n. When at last my hand wuld grab the edge f the pl, he wuld always be there with a warm, dry twel, telling me hw prud he was f my desperate effrts.”(如果我没有听到父亲鼓励我加油的呼喊声，我早就放弃了。当我的手终于抓住泳池边时，他总是拿着一条温暖、干燥的毛巾在那里，告诉我他为我拼命的努力感到多么自豪。)由此可以推断爸爸是关心和支持作者的。故选B项。
（2022·天津·高考真题）I’m an 18-year-ld pre-medical student, tall and gd-lking, with tw shrt stry bks and quite a number f essays t my credit. Why am I singing such praises f myself? Just t explain that the attainment f self-pride cmes frm a great deal f self-lve, and t attain it, ne must first learn t accept neself as ne is. That was where my struggle began.
Brn and raised in Africa，I had always taken my African rigin as burden. My self-dislike was further fueled when my family had t relcate t Nrway, where I attended a high schl. Cmpared t all the white girls arund me, with their glden hair and delicate lips, I ,a black girl, had curly hair and full, red lips. My nse ften had a thin sheet f sweat n it, whatever the weather was. I just wanted t bury myself in my shell crying “I’m s different!”
What als cntributed t my self-dislike was my ccasinal stuttering (口吃), which had weakened my self-cnfidence. It always std between me and any fine pprtunity. I’d taken it as an excuse t avid any public speaking sessins, and unknwingly let it rule ver me.
Frtunately, as I grew lder, there came a turning pint. One day a white girl caught my eye n the schl bus when she suddenly turned back. T my astnishment, she had a thin sheet f sweat n her nse t, and it was in Nvember! “Ww,” I whispered t myself, “this isn’t a genetic(遗传的) disrder after all. It’s perfectly nrmal.” Days later, my life tk an-ther twist(转折). Searching the internet fr stuttering cures, I accidentally learned that such famus peple as Isaac Newtn and Winstn Churchill als stuttered. I was greatly relieved and then an idea suddenly hit me—if I’m smart, I shuldn’t allw my stuttering t stand between me and my success.
Anther bst t my self-cnfidence came days later as I was watching the news abut Oprah Winfrey, the famus talk shw hst and writer—she’s black t! Whenever I think f her stry and my frmer dislike f my clr, I’m practically filled with shame.
Tday, I’ve grwn t accept what I am with pride; it simply gives me feeling f uniqueness. The idea f self-lve has taken n a whle new meaning fr me: there’s always smething fantastic abut us, and what we need t d is learn t appreciate it.
11．What affected the authr’s adjustment t her schl life in Nrway？
A．Her appearance
B．Scial discriminatin.
C．Her changing emtins.
D．The climate in Nrway.
13．Hw did the authr feel n nticing the similarity between her and the girl n the bus?
A．Blessed and prud.
B．Cnfused and afraid.
C．Amazed and relieved.
D．Shcked and ashamed.
【答案】11．A 13．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述的是作者在非洲长大的经历，在成长的过程中作者意识到一个人要获得自尊就要首先学会接受自己本来的面目。
11．推理判断题。根据文中第二段“Cmpared t all the white girls arund me, with their glden hair and delicate lips, I ,a black girl, had curly hair and full, red lips. My nse ften had a thin sheet f sweat n it, whatever the weather was. I just wanted t bury myself in my shell crying “I’m s different!”(与我周围所有有着金色头发和精致嘴唇的白人女孩相比，我，一个黑人女孩，有着卷曲的头发和饱满的红唇。无论天气如何，我的鼻子上经常有一层薄薄的汗水。我只想把自己埋在壳里哭着“我太不一样了！”)”可知，作者的外表与其他的孩子不同，这使得作者不容易适应学校的生活。故选A项。
13．推理判断题。文中第四段提到“T my astnishment, she had a thin sheet f sweat n her nse t, and it was in Nvember!(令我惊讶的是，她的鼻子上也有薄薄的汗水，而且是在十一月！)”可知，作者见到小女孩儿感到很惊讶，根据句子中““Ww,” I whispered t myself, “this isn’t a genetic(遗传的) disrder after all. It’s perfectly nrmal.”(“哇，”我低声对自己说，“这毕竟不是遗传疾病。这很正常。”)”可知，作者此刻感到很放松。故选C项。
（2021·天津·高考真题）When peple ask me hw I started writing, I find myself describing an urgent need that I felt t wrk with language. Having said that, I did nt knw fr a lng time what I was lking fr. It was nt until I fllwed this feeling t its surce that I discvered I had a passin fr writing. With sme encuragement frm my clleagues, I had ne f my pems published. This bit f success, hwever, was the pint where my prblem began.
Back in 1978, I had t travel between three different campuses in the mrning, teaching freshman cmpsitin. Afternns I spent taking my daughter t her ballet and hrse-riding lessns. I cmpsed my lectures n the way, and that was all the thinking time I had. When I returned hme, there was nt enugh f me left fr writing after a full wrking day.
As a way ut, I decided t get up tw hurs befre my usual time. My alarm was set fr 5:00 A．M. The first day I shut it ff because I had placed it within arm's reach. The secnd day I set tw clcks, ne n my night table, and ne ut in the hallway. I had t jump ut f bed and run t silence it befre my family was awken. This was when my mrning writing began.
Since that first mrning in 1978, I have been fllwing the habit t this day, nt making r accepting many excuses fr nt writing. I wrte my pems in this manner fr nearly ten years befre my first bk was published. When I decided t write a nvel, I divided my tw hurs: the first fr petry, the secnd fr fictin. Well r badly, I wrte at least tw pages a day. This is hw my nvel, The Line f the Sun. was finished. If I had waited t have the time, I wuld still be waiting t write my nvel.
What I gt ut f getting up in the dark t wrk is the feeling that I am in cntrl. Fr many peple, the initial sense f urgency t create easily dies away because it requires making the tugh decisin: taking the time t create, stealing it frm yurself if ifs the nly way.
19．Hw did the authr manage t finish her nvel?
A．By sticking t writing every mrning.
B．By writing when her mind was mst active.
C．By drawing inspiratins frm classic nvels.
D．By reducing her teaching hurs at schl.
20．What can we learn frm the authr's success in her writing career?
A．It is never t late t change yur jb.
B．Imaginative ideas die away if nt taken in time.
C．A tight schedule is n excuse fr lack f actin.
D．Daily life prvides ideas fr creative writing.
【答案】 19．A 20．C
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是作者喜爱写作并制定计划一直坚持下来。
19．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Since that first mrning in 1978, I have been fllwing the habit t this day, nt making r accepting many excuses fr nt writing.”从1978年的第一个早晨开始，我一直遵循这个习惯，直到今天，不为不写作找任何借口。可知，作者能够写小说的原因是坚持每天早上写作。故选A项。
20．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“What I gt ut f getting up in the dark t wrk is the feeling that I am in cntrl.”我从摸黑起床工作中得到的是一种掌控一切的感觉。以及文章第四段“Since that first mrning in 1978, I have been fllwing the habit t this day, nt making r accepting many excuses fr nt writing.”从1978年的第一个早晨开始，我一直遵循这个习惯，直到今天，不为不写作找任何借口。可知，紧凑的日程并不是不采取行动的借口。故选C项。
（2020·天津·高考真题）“They tell me that yu’d like t make a statue(塑像) f me-is that crrect, Miss Vinnie Ream?”
The deep, gentle vice helped calm the nervus girl. Asking a favr f the President f the United States was n casual matter, especially fr a seventeen-year-ld girl.
“Yes, sir,” she replied, her dark eyes meeting his. “I wuldn’t have du ask yu, but my teacher, Mr. Mills, says I am ready. I plan t make it in an admirable manner. “
President Lincln smiled. “Painters, sculptrs-they’ve all tried t make the best f this rdinary face, but I’m afraid there’s nt much hpe. What did yu have in mind, Miss Ream? A bust(半身像)?”
Befre Vinnie culd say yes, the President hurried n, a shade f aplgy in his vice.
“Of curse-I shuldn’t have asked. A full-length pse wuld be much t big a prject fr a yung wman yur size. “
Vinnie’s face turned red. She realized she lked like a child, with her tiny figure. “Small des nt mean weak, sir,” she defended herself. “I was brn in the cuntry f Wiscnsin. I’ve driven teams f hrses and carried water. Making a full-length clay(粘土) figure wuld nt exhaust my strength-and that is what I intend t d!”
The President’s eyes, brightened at her shw f spirit. “Srry, madam, I have underestimated yu as I didn’t knw yur backgrund.”
But his smile faded as he rubbed his beard with bny fingers, in thught. “Miss Ream,” he sighed, “I’d like t let yu d it, but as yu knw, we are in the middle f a war. Hw culd I pssibly take the time t pse fr a sculpture nw? I hardly have a minute t myself.”
Vinnie glanced arund and nted the size f his ffice. “I wrk quickly,” she said. Her vice was sft but cnfident as she pinted t the crner near the windws. “If I were t bring my clay here and wrk fr three hurs every afternn, I culd cmplete mst f the prject while yu are at yur desk.”
The President seemed t cnsider her idea seriusly. He gt up and shk Vinnie’s hand warmly, “I’ve heard that yu are a talented yung wman, and I have fund yu charming and intelligent as well. I cannt make my decisin immediately, but yu will hear frm me sn.”
The very next day, Vinnie received an invitatin frm the President.
22．Hw did President Lincln first respnd t Vinnie’s request?
A．Pleased.
B．Thrilled.
C．Regretful.
D．Dubtful.
24．Vinnie wanted t chse the crner near the windws t ______.
A．achieve effects f natural lighting
B．keep all her tls within easy reach
C．bserve the President at a right angle
D．avid disturbing the president’s wrk
25．What message des the stry cnvey?
A．A strng-willed sul can reach his gal.
B．Experience helps t prmte excellence.
C．Ups and dwns make ne strng.
D．Devtin requires enthusiasm.
【答案】 22．D 24．D 25．A
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要记叙了Vinnie Ream向林肯总统提出给他做一个全身雕像的请求，一开始林肯总统对此表示怀疑，在Vinnie的不断努力争取后，最终第二天Vinnie收到了林肯总统的邀请。
22．推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Of curse- I shuldn't have asked. A full-length pse wuld be much t big a prject fr a yung wman yur size.”可知，当然-我不应该问的。对于你这种身材的年轻女性来说，全身雕像太大了。由此可推知，林肯总统首先对Vinnie的请求表示怀疑。故选D。
24．推理判断题。根据倒数第四段中的“Miss Ream,” he sighed, “I'd like t let yu d it, but as yu knw, we are in the middle f a war. Hw culd I pssibly take the time t pse fr a sculpture nw? I hardly have a minute t myself. “可知，总统提到自己没有时间摆姿势来让Vinnie做雕像。根据倒数第三段中的“Vinnie glanced arund and nted the size f his ffice. “I wrk quickly,” she said. Her vice was sft but cnfident as she pinted t the crner near the windws. “If I were t bring my clay here and wrk fr three hurs every afternn, I culd cmplete mst f the prject while yu are at yur desk.”可知，Vinnie环顾四周，注意到了他办公室的大小。“我干得很快，”她说。她指着靠近窗户的那个角落，声音柔和而自信。“如果我把我的粘土带到这里来，每天下午工作三个小时，我就可以在你办公的时候完成大部分的项目。”由此可推知，上文中总统提到自己没有时间摆姿势来让Vinnie做雕像，于是Vinnie想选择靠近窗户的角落，是为了避免干扰总统的工作。故选D。
25．推理判断题。根据文章主要记叙了Vinnie Ream向林肯总统提出给他做一个全身雕像的请求，一开始林肯总统对此表示怀疑，在Vinnie的不断努力争取后，最终第二天Vinnie收到了林肯总统的邀请。由此可推知，这个故事表达了意志坚强的人能达到目标的思想。故选A。
（2020·天津·高考真题）One f the mst stressful days f Susan McFrederick’s life was watching her sn get wheeled away fr surgery hurs after he was brn in 2011.
But after the peratin, Susan burst int tears fr a different reasn: acrss the cut n their newbrn sns back was a sweet winter scene, hand-drawn n his bandages（绷带）.
“There were rlling hills f snw, a pine tree and a snwman with a hat and brm, she recalled. It was extremely tuching and cmfrting t knw that smebdy had taken the time t d that fr my family. It was a mment I'll never frget.”
Susan sn learned the artist was her sns surgen, Rbert Parry, wh discvered anther way t use his hands in the mid-1980 s during his internship（实习期）at children's medical center. where he saw ne f his clleagues cut ut heart and shark shapes t decrate children’s bandages.
“My first reactin was, 'What is he ding? Hey, that’s kind f neat,’ ” Parry recalled. “I especially liked the reactins f the parents and the patients when they saw his artwrk. The smiles tk everyne's attentin frm the surgery. Then I decided t fllw suit.”
Parry quickly graduated frm his early hearts and sharks, and started t surprise families with drawings that captured yung patients' persnalities. Frm Snpy t Spider-Man and bears t butterflies, there isn’t much he hasn’t drawn. Mst kids want superheres sprts team lgs r princesses, while babies ften receive scenes with flwers trees and sea creatures During the last 30 years, Parry estimates he has left examples f his handiwrk ver the stitches（伤口缝线） f mre than 10, 000 children.
“During a time f stress fr families, it's nice t be able t help them smile and laugh," Parry said. This is smething psitive that I can d fr them, which is what I like mst abut it.”
Fr Parry, the reward is knwing he hpefully made a difference in a child’s life, and except fr his drawings n bandages, they can g n and live their lives and never knw I was in it.” he said.
He's nt ready t retire, but he's fund a new hbby t keep his hands skillful in the years t cme.
“I've taken up knitting（编织）,” Parry said. “Hats, sweaters, glves---I enjy it all. But mstly, I enjy giving everything away.”
26．Susan burst int tears after her baby's peratin because she was__________.
A．mvedB．amused
C．stressedD．heartbrken
28．Parry's artwrks during the last 30 years shw that he__________.
A．devted himself mre t art than t medicine.
B．knew mre abut his patients than their parents.
C．tk int cnsideratin the tastes f individual patients.
D．created a large number f wrks beynd his expectatins.
29．What des Parry expect t achieve with his artwrks?
A．T get a reward frm the artistic circle.
B．T win the admiratin f his clleagues.
C．T make a difference in his dull medical career.
D．T lift the spirits f his patients and their parents.
30．What can we learn abut Parry frm the last tw paragraphs f the passage?
A．He is eager t shw thers his new skills.
B．He enjys trying new ways t help thers.
C．He is lking frward t life after retirement.
D．He is mre interested in knitting than drawing.
【答案】26．A 28．C 29．D 30．B
【分析】本文是记叙文。讲述了Rbert Parry通过手绘装饰儿童绷带的方法，在家庭面临压力的时候，帮助病人和他们的父母微笑和大笑来鼓舞他们的故事。
26．推理判断题。根据第二段But after the peratin, Susan burst int tears fr a different reasn acrss the cut n their newbrn sn's back was a sweet winter scene hand-drawn n his bandages ( 但手术后，苏珊因另一个原因哭了起来，在他们刚出生的儿子的背上，伤口上是一个甜蜜的冬天场景，手绘在他的绷带上)和第三段It was extremely tuching and cmfrting t knw that smebdy had taken the time t d that fr my family.(知道有人花了时间为我的家人做这件事，我感到非常感动和安慰。)可知手术后, Susan却因为另一个原因哭了起来,因为她刚出生的儿子背上的伤口上，是一幅在绷带上手绘的温馨的冬季景象。由此判断出，她被医生的爱心感动, 故选A。
28．推理判断题。根据第六段Parry quickly graduated frm his early hearts and sharks, and started t surprise families with drawings that captured yung patients' persnalities.和Mst kids want superheres sprts team lgs r princesses, while babies ften receive scenes with flwers trees and sea creatures.可知Parry用绘画捕捉年轻病人的个性，给家人带来惊喜。大多数孩子想要超级英雄运动队的标志或公主，,而婴儿经常收到鲜花、树木和海洋生物的场景。由此推知 Parry 在过去30年的艺术作品考虑到了个别病人的口味。故选C。
29．推理判断题。根据第五段I especially liked the reactins f the parents and the patients when they saw his artwrk. The smiles tk everyne's attentin frm the surgery. Then I decided t fllw suit.和第七段" During a time f stress fr families, it's nice t be able t help them smile and laugh, "Parry said. "This is smething psitive that I can d fr them, which is what I like mst abut it.可知 Rbert Parry决定这样做，他喜欢病人和父母看到他的作品时的反应，因为笑容能把大家的注意力从手术上转移开。在家庭面临压力的时候，能够帮助他们微笑和大笑是很好的。由此判断出，Parry希望做积极的事情来鼓舞病人和他们的父母。故选D。
30．推理判断题。根据最后两段中he's fund a new hbby t keep his hands skillful和 I enjy giving everything away.可知Parry发现了新的爱好来保持他的手熟练，并把编织的所有东西送人。由此判断出,他喜欢尝试新方法来帮助别人。故选B。
（2018·天津·统考高考真题）With a satisfied smile, Keisha finished the last sentence f her English essay abut ne f her heres, Rsa Parks, an imprtant figure in the Civil Rights Mvement.
“Keisha,” her mther shuted frm dwnstairs. “It’s almst 4:15.”
“Dn’t wrry. I wn’t be late. ” Keisha pulled dwn a strybk frm her bkshelf， as she always read t the nursing hme’s residents. And n an impulse（一时心血来潮）, she added her English ntebk as well.
As Keisha came running in the dr, the manager tld her, “We have a new resident this week, Mrs. Ruby Watsn. She’s still adjusting t her new surrundings. Yu’ll find her in Rm 28. And by the way, Keisha, gd luck.”
Keisha walked dwn the hallway at a quick pace. As she entered Rm 28, she met tw sharp brwn eyes staring at her dubtfully.
“I’m Keisha Jacksn, a vlunteer,” Keisha explained. “I cme here t help pass the time with residents, r read t them, r, . . .” Keisha started stammering（结巴）as Mrs.
Watsn cntinued t stare at her.
“I didn’t request anyne t keep me cmpany,” Mrs. Watsn interrupted. “I’m alne mst f the time, and that’s hw I prefer it.”
“I brught alng sme funny stries,” Keisha said hesitantly.
“I’m nt in the md fr funny stries,” Mrs. Watsn replied angrily. “What else d yu have?”
Nervusly, Keisha pened her ntebk t her essay. She read the title alud, “Rsa
Parks: A Wman f Curage and Cnvictin（信念）.” She glanced at Mrs. Watsn t see hw she might react, but t her surprise, Mrs. Watsn’s face relaxed and her eyes shne.
“Read t me abut Rsa,” Mrs. Watsn said.
Keisha read hw Rsa Parks’ refusal t give up her seat t a white passenger n a bus in 1955 inspired the prtest that became a turning pint in the struggle fr civil rights.
“I walked with Rsa Parks and Dr. Martin Luther King,” Mrs. Watsn said with pride. “That was the greatest mment f my life because…” She paused.
“Because… yu were a wman f curage and cnvictin t.”
Sitting up straighter, Mrs. Watsn said, “Yes, I was and I still am. Thank yu fr reminding me, Keisha. Next Thursday, I will tell yu my stry.”
32．Why did the manager wish Keisha gd luck befre she visited Mrs. Watsn?
A．Mrs. Watsn culd be difficult.B．Mrs. Watsn was in pr health.
C．Keisha was feeling nervus.D．Keisha was a shy persn.
33．Mrs. Watsn’s eyes (Para. 10) suggested that she was ______.
A．amusedB．puzzled
C．annyedD．interested
35．Readers may find this stry inspiring because ______.
A．a girl enjys learning abut her heresB．a girl helps smene feel appreciated
C．a wman vercmes hardship by herselfD．a wman gathers the curage fr life
【答案】 32．A 33．D 35．B
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。短文讲述了Keisha 与Mrs. Watsn 之间的故事。
32．推理判断题。由第三段“She’s still adjusting t her new surrundings.”她还在适应新环境。以及第九段“I didn’t request anyne t keep me cmpany,” Mrs. Watsn interrupted. “I’m alne mst f the time, and that’s hw I prefer it.”我没有要求任何人陪我，” Mrs. Watsn打断了她的话。“我大部分时间都是一个人，这就是我喜欢的方式。由此判断出为什么经理在Keisha拜访Mrs. Watsn之前祝她好运是因为 Mrs. Watsn 可能很难相处。故选A项。
33．推理判断题。由第十段“She glanced at Mrs. Watsn t see hw she might react, but t her surprise, Mrs. Watsn’s face relaxed and her eyes shne. Read t me abut Rsa,” Mrs. Watsn said.”她瞥了Mrs. Watsn一眼，想看看她会有什么反应，但出乎意料的是，Mrs. Watsn的脸放松了，眼睛闪闪发光。“给我讲讲罗莎，” Mrs. Watsn说。由此判断出Mrs. Watsn的眼睛表明她很感兴趣。故选D项。
35．推理判断题。由第三段“She’s still adjusting t her new surrundings.”她还在适应新环境。以及第九段“I didn’t request anyne t keep me cmpany,” Mrs. Watsn interrupted. “I’m alne mst f the time, and that’s hw I prefer it.”我没有要求任何人陪我，”Mrs. Watsn打断了她的话。“我大部分时间都是一个人，这就是我喜欢的方式。可知，Mrs. Watsn 是个很难相处的人，再由第十二段“I walked with Rsa Parks and Dr. Martin Luther King,” Mrs. Watsn said with pride. “That was the greatest mment f my life because…” She paused.”可知，我和罗莎·帕克斯和马丁·路德·金博士一起散步”Mrs. Watsn骄傲地说。“那是我一生中最伟大的时刻因为”她停顿了一会。可知，Keisha的文章这唤起了Mrs. Watsn为争取公民权利而斗争的自豪感。所以判断出读者可能会觉得这个故事很鼓舞人心，是因为一个女孩能帮助别人感到被重视。故选B项。
（2019·天津·高考真题）An unpleasant smell flated int my nse as the bwl f fried stinky tfu（臭豆腐） settled nt my grandmther’s dinner table. I immediately sat back. The smell ruined my appetite, and I pushed the dish away.
“It’s suppsed t stink. Just give it a try!” my grandmther said.
Hlding my breath, I unwillingly tk a bite. T my surprise, the tfu beneath the fried skin was warm, sft, and muthwatering. Since then, whenever I visited my grandmther’s huse, I wuld rush t the kitchen fr the stinky tfu with excitement. Thus, stinky tfu became mre than a husehld traditin. It became my favrite dish.
Alng with the stinky tfu, I wuld meet my Uncle Chan n every visit. As an immature by, I never understd my uncle’s cnditin f Dwn syndrme（唐氏综合征）.
He was an unfriendly and terrible creature in my eyes. He cnstantly walked arund the huse, talking t himself. Whenever he was within view, I wuld run away in fear.
Hwever, ne day, my view f my uncle suddenly changed. I was just getting ut f my bed when I heard sft steps appraching. It was my uncle. My muscles frze. He slwly sat next t me and tuched my face gently, as a mther wuld strke （抚摸）a baby.
A wide smile emerged frm his blank expressin. Hw beautiful his smile was! I culd nt help but smile back. My fear disappeared gradually, and my muscles relaxed. Fr the first time, I culd see sftness and warmth in his eyes.
My uncle very much resembles stinky tfu. Stinky tfu smells unpleasant n the utside, yet feels warm and sft in the inside. Like stinky tfu, my uncle’s Dwn syndrme made me keep my distance at first. Yet, I learned that deep inside, he is harmless and has a lving nature.
Sme peple tend t lk dwn upn disabled peple and regard them as unfit fr a regular life. As I was able t see thrugh the uter surface f the tfu, these peple are unable t see thrugh the surface f prejudice（偏见）. As a result, they judge the disabled with ne glance.
The utside and inside f the stinky tfu exist as tw extremely different wrlds. Perhaps that is what makes it such a tasty dish. Nt nly is it delicius, stinky tfu ffers a valuable lessn: never judge peple at first glance, fr true beauty cmes frm the inside.
39．The cmparisn between stinky tfu and the authr’s uncle serves t _.
A．highlight the nature f Uncle Chan
B．analyze the family relatinship
C．describe a childhd memry
D．intrduce a traditinal Chinese fd
【答案】 39．A
【分析】本文为记叙文。作者通过吃臭豆腐及对患有唐氏综合征的叔叔的再认识，得出了“不要以貌取人，心里美才是真的美”的人生哲理。
39．推理判断题。根据第八段中的My uncle very much resembles stinky tfu.（我叔叔很像臭豆腐）及Like stinky tfu, my uncle’s Dwn syndrme made me keep my distance at first. Yet, I learned that deep inside, he is harmless and has a lving nature.（就像臭豆腐一样，一开始我叔叔的唐氏综合征让我和他保持距离。然而，我了解到，在内心深处，他是无害的，有爱的天性）可推知，作者用臭豆腐衬托了叔叔的内心本质。故A选项正确。
（2017·天津·高考真题）Debra Avery has been a hrse lver since she was a little girl in San Dieg. Her family culdn't affrd a hrse f its wn, s Debra brrwed rides at the lcal hrse-riding center, gaining the cnfidence nly fund atp a hrse. Years later, Debra remembered thse early days, and the lessns she learned with the hrses at the riding center, and wanted t help ther yung wmen get the benefits f cnnecting with hrses. "I always wanted t run a hrse prgram fr girls like me," says Debra. "I wanted t help them gain the curage t be arund a hrse and t care fr a hrse."
One day at the Ls Angeles Hrse-riding Center, as Debra rde beside fellw rider Judith Hpkins, she mentined an inheritance (遗产) frm her father-in-law and her desire t use it t serve disadvantaged girls. Judith had the same dream—and a name fr the rganizatin.
They funded Taking the Reins (TTR) in 1998. The rganizatin serves mre than 400 yung wmen per year in after-schl, weekend, and summer prgrams that feature hrse riding and care, gardening and even cmpetitive hrse shwing. Mst participants live belw the pverty line and ften have nt had reliable husing fr mre than six mnths at a time. Few have previus hrse experience.
TTR uses farm and ranch experiences t teach respnsibility, leadership, teamwrk, and self-cnfidence. Directr Dr. Jane Haven says, "A large number f ur girls are smewhat autistic (孤独症的). I can't cunt hw many f them have fund their first scial friends thanks t sharing this hbby and activity. Hrses bring them ut in such a wnderful way."
Jane als sees members f TTR prgram excel in schl—100 percent f yung wmen invlved fr fur years r mre have graduated frm high schl. Ninety-nine percent f thse participants have gne n t attend fur-year clleges.
Debra sees a mre bvius impact—after a few weeks in the TTR prgram, the yung wmen sit a little higher in their saddles (马鞍). "There's just smething abut sitting up n the back f a hrse that gives them a bst f cnfidence."
41．Debra's early life was greatly influenced by ________.
A．her familyB．hrse riding
C．schl lessnsD．her fellw rider
44．In what way has TTR changed its members' life?
A．They have been given financial aid.
B．They have achieved academic excellence.
C．They have grwn int prfessinal hrse riders.
D．They have been prvided with reliable husing.
【答案】41．B 44．B
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Debra Avery喜欢骑马，之后她和朋友Judith成立了TTR这个组织，目的是帮助孤独的女孩，使她们变得有责任心、领导力、团队合作精神和自信。
41．推理判断题。根据第一段“Debra Avery has been a hrse lver since she was a little girl in San Dieg. Her family culdn't affrd a hrse f its wn, s Debra brrwed rides at the lcal hrse-riding center, gaining the cnfidence nly fund atp a hrse.（在San Dieg，当Debra Avery是一个小女孩时，就是一个爱马爱好者。因为她的家买不起一匹马，所以Debra从当地的骑马中心借马。她就是在马上获得的自信。）”可知，Debra Avery早期的生活极大地被骑马影响，故选B项。
44．推理判断题。根据第五段“Jane als sees members f TTR prgram excel in schl—100 percent f yung wmen invlved fr fur years r mre have graduated frm high schl. Ninety-nine percent f thse participants have gne n t attend fur-year clleges.（简也看到TTR项目的成员在学校很出色。参加了4年或以上的年轻女性百分之百从高中毕业。百分之九十的参与者继续读大学。）”可知，参与者在学校表现很好。由此推知，TTR项目通过让参与者在学术方面取得卓越成就来改变她们的生活，故选B项。
【最新模拟】
（2024·天津·一模）Pja Rai was a yung architecture student in 2014 when she went with a friend t give fd t a lcal rphanage. She was surprised at what she saw.
Kids were playing with anything they culd get their hands n. One grup was rlling arund a brken metal pipe. Tw bys were trying t play badmintn, using ld shes as rackets. “Play shuldn’t just be part f a rich kid’s lifestyle. All kids have a right t enjy their childhds.” Rai says.
Over the next few weeks, she talked with friends abut cllecting mney fr a playgrund. And that’s when she thught f ld tires. Arund 100 millin tires are thrwn away in India every year. Culd they reuse them as playgrund materials and help the envirnment, t?
That idea became a reality in 2015, using ld tires—all cleaned, carefully lked ver t make sure they are safe t use, and painted in bright clrs. The fllwing year, she created Anthill Creatins, which has built 275 playgrunds acrss India—celebrating the pwer f play in public spaces rphanages, and schls.
“Our wrk always begins with talks with kids abut what they want frm this space.” says Rai. Smetimes it can take a few hurs, r a few visits, until children are ready t pen up. She als draws n her experience as an architect. “I fund that spaces are pwerful in shaping peple’s behavir.” she says.
Mst f the play spaces Rai designs feature large tire sculptures f cars, buildings, r animals, paired with mre classic elements f swings and jungle gyms.
In ne girl’s schl in Bengaluru, the children wanted their play space t be shaped int a bxing ring, with tires dubling up as punching bags. “Their teacher was unsure abut it.” Rai remembers. “But the girls said they didn’t want peple t see them as weak. They wanted t practice self-defense and grw strnger.” In December 2019, this playgrund became a reality.
4．What can we learn abut the girls frm the last paragraph?
A．They needed t build their cnfidence.
B．They wanted t win their teachers’ trust.
C．They finally had their dream playgrund.
D．They ften helped with cllecting ld tires.
5．Which f the fllwing can best describe Rai?
A．Talented and hard-wrking.B．Creative and kind-hearted.
C．Realistic and lnely.D．Pr but caring.
【答案】 4．C 5．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述年轻建筑系学生Pja Rai如何被一次去孤儿院的经历所启发，进而创建了一个利用废旧轮胎为孩子们建造游乐场的项目。
4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“In ne girl’s schl in Bengaluru, the children wanted their play space t be shaped int a bxing ring, with tires dubling up as punching bags. “Their teacher was unsure abut it.” Rai remembers. “But the girls said they didn’t want peple t see them as weak. They wanted t practice self-defense and grw strnger.” In December 2019, this playgrund became a reality. (在班加罗尔的一所女子学校里，孩子们想把他们的游乐空间改造成一个拳击场，让轮胎充当沙袋的角色。“他们的老师对此表示不确定。”Rai回忆道，“但这些女孩们表示，她们不希望自己被人视为弱者。她们想要练习自卫，想要变得更强。”2019年12月，这个游乐场终于成为了现实)”可知，女孩们终于有了梦想中的游乐场。故选C项。
5．推理判断题。根据第二段中““Play shuldn’t just be part f a rich kid’s lifestyle. All kids have a right t enjy their childhds.” Rai says. (“玩耍不应该只是富二代生活方式的一部分。所有的孩子都有享受童年的权利。”Rai说)”可知，Rai看到孩子们缺少游戏设备后，想要帮助他们，所以是善良的；根据第三段中“Over the next few weeks, she talked with friends abut cllecting mney fr a playgrund. And that’s when she thught f ld tires. (在接下来的几个星期里，她和朋友们谈论募款建游乐场的事。这时她想到了旧轮胎)”以及第四段“That idea became a reality in 2015, using ld tires—all cleaned, carefully lked ver t make sure they are safe t use, and painted in bright clrs. The fllwing year, she created Anthill Creatins, which has built 275 playgrunds acrss India —celebrating the pwer f play in public spaces rphanages, and schls. (2015年，这一想法得以实现，他们使用废旧轮胎——全部清洗干净，仔细检查以确保使用安全，并涂上鲜艳的颜色。第二年，她创办了Anthill Creatins，该公司在印度各地建造了275个游乐场，以庆祝在公共场所、孤儿院和学校中游玩的力量)”可知，Rai用轮胎来设计游戏空间，她是有创造力的。故选B项。
（2024·天津河北·一模）On a cl autumn evening, while wandering thrugh the streets f the ld twn, my attentin was captured by a charming bkstre lcated between twering buildings. The warm light thrugh its windws drew me clser, and withut realizing it, I std at its entrance, peering thrugh the glass.
Earlier that day, after enjying a pleasant lunch with friends, I had decided t explre the city n ft. Despite passing thrugh this part f twn numerus times, I had never sptted the charming bkstre. Hwever, n this particular evening, smething abut it seemed irresistibly inviting.
Gently brushing away the fallen leaves frm the windw frame, I tk a clser lk inside. Rws f shelves filled with bks f varius sizes and clrs stretched acrss the small and friendly interir, each vlume whispering tales f adventure and wisdm. As my eyes mved ver the titles, a wave f fnd memries washed ver me, transprting me back t my childhd.
Grwing up, my wrld was dminated by sprts and utdr activities, ften at my father’s insistence. He wuld say, “Yu need t play ftball, Alex. It builds character.” Yet deep dwn, I always felt ut f place n the ftball field, my mind wandering t distant lands and heric tales.
Every Sunday, after an exhausting ftball match, I wuld secretly g t my rm and lse myself in bks. The characters became my friends, and their jurneys prvided my escape. I still vividly recall the verwhelming jy I experienced when I first read abut the adventures f a yung wizard. His bravery and determinatin deeply tuched me.
One day, ur schl librarian nticed my passin fr reading and suggested I jin the bk club. Hesitant and unsure f my father’s reactin, I tk the club flyer (宣传单) hme, my heart racing with a mix f fear and hpe. T my surprise, he was supprtive, his typically serius expressin sftening as he signed the permissin slip.
Jining the bk club marked a turning pint. I discvered a cmmunity where I truly belnged, and my passin fr reading was embraced and nurtured. I began t craft my wn stries, each ne reflecting my dreams and desires.
As I std there, lst in these thughts, the dr f bkstre pened, inviting me in. Stepping inside felt like cming hme, a place where dreams and reality met. It was a reminder f hw bks had shaped my life, guiding me thrugh the challenges f childhd and inspiring me t find my true passin.
11．What was the authr’s first impressin f the bkstre n the autumn evening?
A．It appeared t be clsed and deserted.B．It seemed disappinting and dark.
C．It was incredibly welcme.D．It lked mdern and busy.
13．The father’s act f signing the club flyer implies that he is ________.
A．strict and demandingB．mindless and annying
C．cnsiderate and apprvingD．prtective and understanding
14．What effect did jining the bk club have n the authr?
A．It islated him frm scial life.B．It made him give up n sprts entirely.
C．It shaped the authr’s persnal grwth.D．It changed the authr’s view n reading.
15．What message des the authr’s stry cnvey
A．Meeting expectatins.B．Pursuing ne’s passins.
C．Explring with excitement.D．Priritizing physical activities.
【答案】11．C 13．C 14．C 15．B
【导语】本文是记叙文。短文讲述了作者在一个秋天的傍晚，无意中发现了一家迷人的书店，并被其吸引。作者回忆起童年时因为父亲的坚持而参与体育活动，但内心更向往书本中的冒险和智慧。在学校图书管理员的鼓励下，作者加入了读书俱乐部，找到了归属感，并开始创作自己的故事。最后，作者走进书店，感受到如同回家一般的温暖，意识到书籍如何塑造了自己的生活，帮助自己找到真正的热情。
11．推理判断题，根据第一段“On a cl autumn evening, while wandering thrugh the streets f the ld twn, my attentin was captured by a charming bkstre lcated between twering buildings. The warm light thrugh its windws drew me clser, and withut realizing it, I std at its entrance, peering thrugh the glass.(在一个凉爽的秋夜，我漫步在老城区的街道上，一家坐落在高楼大厦之间的迷人书店吸引了我的注意力。从窗户透进来的温暖的光线把我拉近，我不知不觉地站在门口，透过玻璃向内窥视。)”可知，秋天的晚上，作者对书店的第一印象是它非常受欢迎。故选C。
13．推理判断题，根据倒数第三段的“Hesitant and unsure f my father’s reactin, I tk the club flyer (宣传单) hme, my heart racing with a mix f fear and hpe. T my surprise, he was supprtive, his typically serius expressin sftening as he signed the permissin slip.(我犹豫着，不确定父亲的反应，把俱乐部的传单拿回家，我的心在恐惧和希望的混合中加速跳动。令我惊讶的是，他是支持我的，他那一贯严肃的表情在签了同意书后变得温和了。)” 可知，父亲在俱乐部传单上签名的行为暗示他是体谅人的，并给予了作者支持。故选C。
14．推理判断题，根据倒数第二段“Jining the bk club marked a turning pint. I discvered a cmmunity where I truly belnged, and my passin fr reading was embraced and nurtured. I began t craft my wn stries, each ne reflecting my dreams and desires.(加入读书俱乐部标志着一个转折点。我发现了一个真正属于我的社区，我对阅读的热情得到了接纳和培养。我开始构思自己的故事，每个故事都反映了我的梦想和愿望。) ”可知，加入读书俱乐部对作者塑造了作者的个人成长。故选C。
15．推理判断题，根据最后一段“It was a reminder f hw bks had shaped my life, guiding me thrugh the challenges f childhd and inspiring me t find my true passin.(它提醒我，书籍如何塑造了我的生活，指导我度过童年的挑战，激励我找到自己真正的激情。)”可知，作者的故事传达的信息是要追求自己热爱的东西。故选B。
（2024·天津·一模）Online classes began t be ppularized just a few decades ag. They are advertised as a way fr adults t finish their educatin and students t learn the material at their wn pace—it is far mre suitable fr peple with busy schedules.
But after being enrlled in an nline curse last fall semester, I came t realize nline classes were merely a means t fulfil curse requirements.
First f all, students lack the desire t learn, and they simply cmplete their assignments t receive credit fr a passing grade rather than genuinely engage with the curse material.
As nline curses tend t have mre than 100 students, mst f the assignments are shrt and simple. They are nt designed fr students t interact with the material in depth but designed t be graded casily t accmmdate such a large number f students.
Perhaps the biggest disadvantage f taking an nline class is the absence f face-t-face interactin between the teacher and their students. Live sessins are infrequent and are ften scheduled during the middle f the day when students have t attend ther classes r wrk. The ffice hurs f the prfessr may als be during incnvenient times fr many students as well. Mst interactin with the prfessr has t be thrugh email which is ften impersnal. It is nearly impssible fr students t build a relatinship with their prfessr.
There is als little interactin amngst students. It can be harder fr students t create study grups and frm relatinships with their peers.
Online classes als require either a cmputer r laptp and a reliable internet cnnectin. Nt all students have access t these types f resurces, whether it is fr financial r ther reasns, and sme students can be put at a disadvantage.
Offering nline classes certainly helps students wh wuld therwise nt be able t attend classrm sessins. Hwever, they fail t prvide a genuine educatin with an emphasis n cnvenience rather than critical thinking. We need restructured nline classes in which students can have a learning experience that will actually prvide quality educatin.
1．What des the authr say abut students enrlled in nline classes?
A．They can access curse materials easily.
B．They are unmtivated t learn.
C．They can learn at their wn pace.
D．They rarely fulfil the curse requirements.
4．What prblem may arise if classes g nline?
A．Mre students may find it easy t be absent frm them.
B．Teachers will wrry abut pr internet cnnectins.
C．Sme students may have difficulty attending them.
D．Schls with limited resurces will be at a disadvantage.
5．What des the authr think cnsists f a key part f genuine educatin?
A．Acquisitin f useful knwledge.B．Training f real-life skills n campus.
C．Develpment f students’ persnalities.D．Cultivatin f analytical thinking ability.
【答案】1．B 4．C 5．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍的是尽管网课早在几十年前以及开始普及，但是作者认为网课只是满足课程需求的一种手段。
1．推理判断题。根据第三段“First f all, students lack the desire t learn, and they simply cmplete their assignments t receive credit fr a passing grade rather than genuinely engage with the curse material.(首先，学生缺乏学习欲望，他们只是完成作业以获得学分，而不是真正参与课程材料。)”可知，学生上网课只是为了修学分，并没有真正地进行课程学习，缺乏学习的欲望，即学生没有学习的动力。故选B项。
4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Online classes als require either a cmputer r laptp and a reliable Internet cnnectin. Nt all students have access t these types f resurces, whether it is fr financial r ther reasns, and sme students can be put at a disadvantage.(在线课程还需要一台电脑或笔记本电脑以及可靠的互联网连接。并非所有学生都能获得这些类型的资源，无论是出于经济原因还是其他原因，有些学生可能会处于不利地位。)”可知，上网课需要的硬件条件可能有些学生无法满足，由此可推断有些学生就无法上网课。故选C项。
5．推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句“Hwever, they fail t prvide a genuine educatin with an emphasis n cnvenience rather than critical thinking.(然而，他们没有提供真正的教育，一味强调便捷而不是批判性思维。)”可知，作者认为在线课程一味地强调便捷而忽视了批判性思维的培养，也就不能提供真正的教育，故批判性思维的培养应是真正的教育的关键。故选D项。




推理判断题

1.观点、看法、情感态度
2.写作意图和目的
3.逻辑推断题
4.隐含信息、言外之意
5.细节推断题
6.因果推断题
7.预测推断类