专题21 阅读理解之议论文- 2025年高考英语二轮热点题型归纳与变式演练（天津专用）

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高考阅读理解选材来源广泛，多源于国外英文图书、报刊、网络媒体，语言地道纯正，具有鲜明的语言文化特点。体裁包括记叙文、说明文、议论文、应用文等，涉及科普、社会、文化、地理、历史、政治、经济、人文、日常生活等领域。命题主要考查细节理解、主旨大意、词义猜测及推理判断。
D篇议论文，除了文章内容的问题外，还涉及考察段落或句子在文中作用。此篇综合考查了学生的篇章结构理解、主旨提炼、信息把握及推理判断能力。难度：偏高
议论文就是说理性的文章，一般由论点、论据和论证过程组成。议论文都要提出论题、观点、提供充分的证据，使用一定的逻辑方法证明观点或得出结论。
作者在开始叙述一个现象，然后对现象进行解释。这类文章的主题是文中最重要的解释或作者所强调的解释，阅读时要注意作者给出的原因，所以又被称为原因—结果(Cause & Effect)型。还有一种比较常见的是问题—答案型，作者在一开始或一段末以问句提出一个问题(相当于一个现象)，然后给出该问题的答案(相当于解释)。针对文中问题给出的主要答案就是这种文章的中心。答题时优先考虑正面答题(直接从文章内容得出答案)，然后从中心、态度或利用解答特征等其他角度对选项进行检验；如果从文章内容中直接无法解决，则从中心和态度方面考虑；次之，从解答特征方面考虑。
考生往往最怕此类体裁。山穷水尽时，记住：首先从整体上把握文章中心和作者所持的态度，靠近中心的就是答案。
题型01 观点态度题
【题型诠释】
按照考试大纲，观点态度题主要考查“理解作者意图、观点或态度”的能力，而作者态度或观点有3种：赞成、反对或中立。
正面态度
psitive 积极的，正面的apprval/ supprtive/ favrable赞成的，支持的cnsent 同意，赞成praising 赞扬的enthusiastic 热心的ptimistic 乐观的appreciative 欣赏的affirmative 赞成的，肯定的
负面态度
negative 消极的，否定的disapprval/ unfavrable 不赞成critical 批判的pessimistic 悲观的irnic/ sneering/ scrnful 轻蔑的ppsed/ hstile 反对的，敌对的indignant 愤怒的suspicius/ skeptical/ dubtful 怀疑的cncerned/ apprehensive/ anxius 担忧的reserved 有保留的，不完全同意的glmy/ depressive 沮丧的，悲剧的questined/ questinable 问题的，疑问的puzzled/ puzzling 困惑的impersnal 无人情味的
客观态度
bjective 客观的a matter f fact 实事求是的
其他
indifferent/ impassive 漠不关心的prejudice/ biased 偏见的unprejudiced/ impartial 不偏见的cmprmising 折中的neutral 中立的ambiguus 模凌两可的partial 偏爱的，偏袒的
【典例】
（23-24高三上·天津·阶段练习）Reprts have emerged recently f cws being fed supplements (补充剂) btained frm palm il (棕榈油) t increase the butterfat cntent f milk. The practice partly respnds t the increasing demand fr butter during the pandemic when the number f milk cws has nt increased accrdingly. Thus, palmitic acid supplements, btained frm imprted palm il are given t cws.
Accrding t Dairy (乳品业的) Farmers f Canada(DFC), it is used in ther cuntries as well t “prvide energy t cws withut undesirable effects”. Experts f DFC guarantee that the milk prducts are safe and that the amunts f supplements used are very small. But based n Canadians’ cncern ver the link between butter and palm il, it appears mre cmplicated. Lts f Canadians have been deliberately trying t avid palm il in diets, nly t realize that palm il is being used in the dairy industry.
Peple are cncerned abut the nutritin questin, fr t much palmitic acid is assciated with heart disease. Besides, palm fats change the taste f milk, which is a headache fr many fd prducers. But thse are nt what disturb me. In fact, palm il has a bad reputatin fr driving defrestatin, particularly in Sutheast Asia, which prduces 85% f the wrld’s palm il supply. The rapid expansin f palm il has destryed habitats fr many wild animals. Fires are set t replace jungles with palm trees, plluting the air, and sme are impssible t put ut.
Despite the harmful effects palm il may bring abut, palm il is fund in rughly 50% f the prducts sld in supermarkets. It is cheap t prduce and stays slid at rm temperature, making it perfect fr baked and packaged fds. It has a high cking temperature and smke pint, prviding ạ smth muthfeel. It’s als added t make-up, cleaning prducts, chclate, fuels, and mre.
Sme rganizatins are making effrts t clean up the palm il industry thrugh varius practices. Big brands are frmally warned when their palm il suppliers engage in illegal expansin, which in turn has driven them t take actin, even if their actin seems inadequate currently. There’s hpe n the hrizn, but the palm il industry is still ne I wn’t give supprt t.
30．What is the authr’s attitude twards sme rganizatins and big brands’ actin?
A．Indifferent.B．Critical.C．Favrable.D．Objective.
题型02 中心主旨题
【题型诠释】
中心主旨题一般是在问文章的中心思想是什么、文章在讨论什么或取什么样的标题最好，题干中经常出现的标志词有：main idea、mainly talk abut/discuss、the best title/subject 等。
①小心首段陷阱，尤其是文章第一段只有一句话、有问句或出现转折的情况；
②关注各段首尾句，把各段首尾句串联起来读大概就能明白文章的行文脉络，同时也要注意转折的情况；
③关注文章中出现频率高的词或句子，也就是中心词/句，注意文章对词或句子的同义改写；
④关注文章中间单句成段的情况。主旨题的正确选项与文章主旨是全面匹配的。换句话说，正确答案里应该包含所有的中心词/句，而错误选项/干扰项往往只包含部分，或者包含范围已经大于文章范围，信息是片面的。
除此之外，也不要觉得某个选项里的关键词好像跟主旨词长得像就选它，有可能是出题人故意用形近词埋下的坑，形近词比如像这样：statistical, statisticians, statistics…… 还是要看选项跟文章主旨是否相符。
【典例】
（23-24高三上·天津和平·期末）Teenagers are self-cntradictry. That’s a mild and bjective way f saying smething that parents ften express with cnsiderably strnger language. But the-self-cntradictin scientific and persnal. In adlescence, helpless and dependent children wh have relied n grwn-ups fr just abut everything becme independent peple wh can take care f themselves and help each ther. At the same time, nce cheerful-and bedient children becme rebellius teenage risk-takers.
A new study published in the jurnal Child Develpment, by Eveline Crne f the University f Leiden and clleagues, suggests that the psitive and negative sides f teenagers g hand in hand. The study is part f a new wave f thinking abut adlescence. Fr a lng time, scientists and plicy makers cncentrated n the idea that teenagers were a prblem that needed t be slved. The new wrk emphasizes that adlescence is a time f pprtunity as well as risk.
The researchers studied “prscial”(亲社会)and rebellius traits in mre than 200 children and yung adults, ranging frm 11 t 28 years ld. The participants filled ut questinnaires abut hw ften they did things that were selfless and psitive, like sacrificing their wn interests t help a friend, r rebellius and negative, like getting drunk r staying ut late.
Other studies have shwn that rebellius behavir increases as yu becme a teenager and then fades away as yu grw lder. But the new study shws that, interestingly, the same is true fr prscial behavir. Teenagers were mre likely than yunger children r adults t reprt that they did things like unselfishly help a friend.
Mst significantly, there was a psitive crrelatin between prsciality and rebelliusness. The teenagers wh were mre rebellius were als mre likely t help thers. The gd and bad sides f adlescence seem t develp tgether. Is there sme cmmn factr that underlies these apparently cntradictry develpments? One idea is that teenage behavir is related t what researchers call “reward sensitivity.” Decisin-making always invlves balancing rewards and risks, benefits and csts. “Reward sensitivity” measures hw much reward it takes t utweigh risk.
Teenagers are particularly sensitive t scial rewards—winning the game, impressing a new friend, getting that by t ntice yu. Reward sensitivity, like prscial behavir and risk-taking, seems t g up in adlescence and then dwn again as we age. Smehw, when yu hit 30, the chance that smething exciting and new will happen at that party just desn’t seem t utweigh the effrt f getting up ff the cuch.
20．What is the text mainly abut?
A．Why teenagers are risk-sensitive.
B．Hw teenagers develp prsciality.
C．Why teenagers are self-cntradictry.
D．Hw teenagers becme independent.
【高考真题】
（2022·天津·高考真题）Ralph Emersn nce said that the purpse f life is nt t be happy, but t be useful, t be lving, t make sme difference in he wrld. While we appreciate such wrds f wisdm, we rarely try t fllw them in ur lives.
Mst peple prefer t live a gd life themselves, ignring their respnsibilities fr the wrld. This narrw perceptin f a gd life may prvide shrt-term benefits, but is sure t lead t lng-term harm and suffering. A gd life based n cmfrt and luxury may eventually lead t mre pain be-cause we spil ur health and even ur character, principles, ideals, and relatinships.
What then, is the secret f a gd life? A gd life is a prcess, nt a state f being : a directin, nt a destinatin. We have t earn a gd life by first serving thers withut any expectatin in return because their happiness is the very surce f ur wn happiness. Mre imprtantly, we must knw urselves inside ut. Only when we examine urselves deeply can we discver ur abilities and recgnize ur limitatins, and then wrk accrdingly t create a better wrld.
The first requirement fr a gd life is having a lving heart. When we d certain right things merely as a duty, we find ur jb s tiresme that we’ll sn burn ut. Hwever, when we d that same jb ut f lve, we nt nly enjy what we d, but als d it with an effrtless feeling.
Hwever, lve alne is insufficient t lead a gd life. Lve smetimes blinds us t the reality. Cnsequently, ur gd intentins may nt lead t gd results. T achieve desired utcme, thse wh want t d gd t thers als need t equip themselves with accurate wrld knwledge. False knwledge is mre dangerus than ignrance. If lve is the engine f a car knwledge is the steering wheel(方向盘). If the engine lacks pwer, the car can’t mve; if the driver lses cntrl f the steering, a rad accident prbably ccurs. Only with lve in heart and the right knwledge in mind can we lead a gd life.
With lve and knwledge, we g all ut t create a better wrld by ding gd t thers. When we see the impact f ur gd wrk n the wrld we give meaning t ur life and earn lasting jy and happiness.
1．What effect des the narrw perceptin f a gd life have n us?
A．Making us simple-mindedB．Making us shrt-sighted.
C．Leading us nt a busy rad.D．Keeping us frm cmfrt and luxury.
2．Accrding t the authr, hw can ne gain true happiness?
A．Thrugh maintaining gd health.
B．By ging thrugh pain and suffering.
C．By recgnizing ne’s abilities and limitatins.
D．Thrugh ffering help much needed by thers.
3．Accrding t Paragraph 4, ding certain right things with a lving heart makes ne________.
A．less selfishB．less annying
C．mre mtivatedD．mre respnsible
4．In what case may gd intentins fail t lead t desired results?
A．When we have wrng knwledge f the wrld.
B．When ur lve fr the wrld is insufficient.
C．When we are insensitive t dangers in life.
D．When we stay blind t the reality.
5．Accrding t Paragraph 5, life can be made truly gd when ________.
A．inspired by lve and guided by knwledge
B．directed by lve and pushed by knwledge
C．purified by lve and enriched by knwledge
D．prmted by lve and defined by knwledge
（2021·天津·高考真题）There is smething t be said fr being a generalist, even if yu are a specialist. Knwing a little abut a lt f things that interest yu can add t the richness f a whle, well-lived life.
Sciety pushes us t specialize, t becme experts. This requires cmmitment t a particular ccupatin, branch f study r research. The drawback t being specialists is we ften cme t knw mre and mre abut less and less. There is a great deal f pressure t master ne's field. Yu may pursue training, degrees, r increasing levels f respnsibility at wrk. Then yu discver the pressure f having t keep up.
Sme peple seem willing t wrk arund the clck in their narrw specialty. But such cmmitment can als weaken a sense f freedm. These specialists culd wrk at the ffice until ten each night, then lk back and realize they wuld have lved t have gne hme and enjyed the sweetness f their family and friends, r traveled t exciting places, meeting interesting peple. Mastering ne thing t the exclusin （排 除）f thers can hld back yur true spirit.
Generalists, n the ther hand, knw a lt abut a wide range f subjects and view the whle with all its cnnectins. They are peple f ability, talent, and enthusiasm wh can bring their brad perspective （视角）int specific fields f expertise （专长）.The dctr wh is als a pet and philspher is a superir dctr, ne wh can give s much mre t his patients than just gd medical skills.
Things are cnnected. Let yur expertise in ne field fuel yur passins in all related areas. Sme f yur interests may nt appear t be cnnected but, nce yu explre their depths, yu discver that they are. My editr Tni, wh is als a writer, has edited several histry bks. She has decided t study Chinese histry. Fascinated by the structural beauty f the Frbidden City as a painter, she is equally interested t learn mre abut Chinese philsphy. "I dn't knw where it will lead, but I'm excited I'm n this pursuit."
These expansins int new wrlds help us by giving us new perspectives. We begin t see the intercnnectedness f ne thing t anther in all aspects f ur life, f urselves and the universe. Develp brad, general knwledge and experience. The universe is all yurs t explre and enjy.
6．T becme a specialist, ne may have t_____.
A．narrw his range f knwledge
B．avid respnsibilities at wrk
C．knw mre abut the sciety
D．braden his perspective n life
7．The specialists mentined in Paragraph 3 tend t______.
A．treasure their freedm
B．travel arund the wrld
C．spend mst time wrking
D．enjy meeting funny peple
8．Accrding t the authr, a superir dctr is ne wh_____.
A．is fully aware f his talent and ability
B．is a pure specialist in medicine
C．shuld lve petry and philsphy
D．brings knwledge f ther fields t wrk
9．What des the authr intend t shw with the example f Tni?
A．Passin alne des nt ensure a persn's success.
B．In-depth explratin makes discveries pssible.
C．Everyne has a chance t succeed in their pursuit.
D．Seemingly unrelated interests are in a way cnnected.
10．What culd be the best title fr the passage?
A．Be Mre a Generalist Than a Specialist
B．Specialist r Generalist: Hard t Decide
C．Turn a Generalist int a Specialist
D．Ways t Becme a Generalist
（2020·天津·高考真题）After years f bserving human nature, I have decided that tw qualities make the difference between men f great achievement and men f average perfrmance curisity and discntent. I have never knwn an utstanding man wh lacked either. And I have never knwn an average man wh had bth. The tw belng tgether.
Tgether, these deep human urges (驱策力) cunt fr much mre that ambitin. Galile was nt merely ambitius when he drpped bjects f varying weights frm the Leaning Twer at Pisa and timed their fall t the grund. Like Galile, all the great names in histry were curius and asked in discntent, “Why? Why? Why?”
Frtunately, curisity and discntent dn’t have t be learned. We are brn with them and need nly recapture them.
“The great man,” said Mencius (孟子), “is he wh des nt lse his child’s heart.” Yet mst f us d lse it. We stp asking questins. We stp challenging custm. We just fllw the crwd. And the crwd desires restful average. It encurages us t ccupy ur wn little crner, t avid flish leaps int the dark, t be satisfied.
Mst f us meet new peple, and new ideas, with hesitatin. But nce having met and liked them, we think hw terrible it wuld have been, had we missed the chance. We will prbably have t frce urselves t waken ur curisity and discntent and keep them awake.
Hw shuld yu start? Mdestly, s as nt t becme discuraged. I think f ne friend wh culdn’t arrange flwers t satisfy herself. She was curius abut hw the experts did it. Hw she is ne f the experts, writing bks n flwer arrangement.
One way t begin is t answer yur wn excuses. Yu haven’t any special ability? Mst peple dn’t; there are nly a few geniuses. Yu haven’t any time? That’s gd, because it’s always the peple with n time wh get things dne. Harriet Stwe, mther f six, wrte parts fUncle Tm’s Cabinwhile cking. Yu’re t ld? Remember that Thmas Cstain was 57 when he published his first nvel, and that Grandma Mses shwed her first pictures when she was 78.
Hwever yu start, remember there is n better time t start than right nw, fr yu’ll never be mre alive than yu are at this mment.
11．In writing Paragraph 1, the authr aims t ________.
A．prpse a definitin
B．make a cmparisn
C．reach a cnclusin
D．present an argument
12．What des the example f Galile tell us?
A．Trial and errr leads t the finding f truth.
B．Scientists tend t be curius and ambitius.
C．Creativity results frm challenging authrity.
D．Greatness cmes frm a lasting desire t explre.
13．What can yu d t recapture curisity and discntent?
A．Observe the unknwn arund yu.
B．Develp a questining mind.
C．Lead a life f adventure.
D．Fllw the fashin.
14．What can we learn frm Paragraphs 6 and 7?
A．Gaining success helps yu becme an expert.
B．The genius tends t get things dne creatively.
C．Lack f talent and time is n reasn fr taking n actin.
D．Yu shuld remain mdest when appraching perfectin.
15．What culd be the best title r the passage?
A．Curius Minds Never Feel Cntented
B．Reflectins n Human Nature
C．The Keys t Achievement
D．Never T Late t Learn
（2020·天津·高考真题）Studying a subject that yu feel pintless is never a fun r easy task. If yu're studying histry, asking yurself the questin "why is histry imprtant "is a very gd first step. Histry is an essential part f human civilizatin. Yu will find smething here that will aruse yur interest, r get yu thinking abut the significance f histry.
Histry grunds us in ur rts. Histry is an imprtant and interesting field f study, and learning the histry f ur hme cuntry can give us a deeper, mre meaningful glimpse（一瞥）int ur ancestral pasts, and hw we gt t where we are tday. Many peple feel like they need a sense f cultural belnging, which is smething that studying yur rts and being pen-minded t the evlutin f yur culture can prvide.
Histry enriches ur experience. Reading histry is an amazing experience because it enables us t reflect n the scial and ecnmic life f the peple living lng time ag Accrding t the experts, prblems faced by peple regardless f the past and present are the same. With the infrmatin abut the ancestrs, ne can becme mre experienced in handling challenges f life.
Histry makes us mre empathetic（具有共情能力的）, Studying histry can give us insight （洞察力）int why ur culture des certain things, and hw the past has shaped it int what we knw nw. It als prvides a rather strng fundatin fr empathy acrss cultures. Fear and hate fr thers is usually caused by ignrance （无知）. We're scared f the things that we dn't understand. Histry has the ptential t break dwn thse bundaries by ffering us insight int entire wrlds that wuld therwise be freign t us.
Histry can inspire us t learn mre. what's fantastic abut histry is the way it bradens ur hrizns. It's almst impssible t learn abut ne histrical perid withut having dzens f questins abut related cncepts. Study the 19th century England, and yu might catch a glimpse f Charles Dickens' Oliver Twist. Lk up Charles Dickens, and yu might learn a thing r tw abut realism. Or maybe yu end up switching yur attentin away frm nvels, and discver the histry f rmantic pets in England. It can g anywhere, and there is smething in there fr abslutely anybdy.
The value f histry cannt be underestimated. We dn't have t live in the past, but we can definitely d better by learning frm it and using the lessns learnt t lead mre meaningful lives.
16．The underlined part "where we are tday" in Para. 2 prbably means __________.
A．the turning pint in ur histry
B．the present state f ur natin
C．the lcatin f ur hmeland
D．the ttal area f ur cuntry
17．Accrding t the experts, why is histry useful fr peple t handle challenges f life?
A．The prblems at present are similar t thse in the past.
B．Ancient peple laid ecnmic fundatins fr peple tday.
C．The current challenges f life were predicted by the ancestrs.
D．Peple living lng time ag knew mre abut hw t slve prblems.
18．What can be cncluded frm Para.4?
A．It is difficult t get rid f cultural barriers.
B．Peple are willing t accept freign cultures.
C．Cultural cnflicts in histry are difficult t ignre.
D．Histry helps us imprve ur crss-cultural awareness.
19．With the example in Para.5, the writer intends t shw that______________.
A．Charles Dickens cntributes much t British literature.
B．Oliver Twist can satisfy ur curisity fr rmantic pets.
C．reading nvels is a way t learn abut a histrical perid.
D．studying histry can aruse peple's interest in ther fields.
20．What culd be the best title fr the passage?
A．Hw t Build Cultural Identity
B．Why Studying Histry Matters
C．Knw the Past, Knw the Present
D．Histry: a Way t Braden Hrizns
【最新模拟】
（2024·天津河北·一模）In tday’s digital age, where a vast cean f infrmatin is just a click away, the questin arises: can ne learn t much? Given that n individual can grasp the entirety f human knwledge. Hwever, there exists a phenmenn where excessive learning can lead t inactin, a state f being verwhelmed by t much infrmatin.
Cnsider a scenari where yu’re eager t achieve a particular gal. Yu begin by cnducting extensive research, diving deep int the subject. As yu absrb mre infrmatin, it paradxically (矛盾地) feels like yur understanding diminishes. Each new cncept r strategy reveals further layers, making the gal seem mre cmplex and ut f reach.
This situatin is a cmmn trap: the endless pursuit f mre infrmatin. Althugh gaining cmprehensive knwledge is valuable, that is t say there’s nthing wrng with learning a lt, issues arise when this pursuit bstructs practical applicatin. If learning cntinuusly prevents yu frm starting, yu’ll find yurself stuck, unable t achieve yur desired utcmes.
An alternative and mre effective apprach t achieving gals is t strike a balance between learning and ding. Gather essential infrmatin, then transitin int actin swiftly, even if yu feel smewhat unprepared. This is ften the best way t learn, as hands-n experience prvides insights that theretical knwledge alne cannt.
The cmparisn with a baby learning t walk is a gd example here. A baby desn’t learn t walk by sitting and analyzing the prcess. Instead, it learns by attempting t walk, falling, and then understanding frm each fall what wrks and what desn’t. Thrugh repeated effrt, walking is eventually mastered. This methd is applicable t gal achievement t. By engaging in actin, learning frm the utcmes, and adjusting accrdingly, yu gradually mve clser t yur gals.
In summary, while the pursuit f knwledge is valuable, it’s crucial nt t let it becme a barrier t actin. Learning shuld be a stepping stne t ding, nt an end in itself. It’s thrugh the interplay f gathering knwledge and applying it that we can truly prgress twards ur aspiratins. This balanced apprach is key t vercming the paralysis f verlearning and actively mving twards realizing yur ambitins.
1．What prblem des the digital age present in learning?
A．T much infrmatin.B．Learning t inactin.
C．Online distractins.D．Technical issues.
2．What stps peple frm achieving the gal?
A．The distractin caused by unrelated tasks.
B．The inability t find relevant infrmatin.
C．The cnfusin caused by the infrmatin.
D．The desire t learn basic cncept r strategy.
3．Why is practical experience imprtant in the learning prcess?
A．It replaces cntinuus learning.
B．It is irrelevant in gaining knwledge.
C．It hlds back theretical understanding.
D．It ffers a cmprehensive understanding.
4．The example “baby learning t walk” mentined in Paragraph 5 is used t ________.
A．cmpare different learning styles
B．shw the imprtance f making mistakes
C．emphasize the need fr parental guidance
D．explain learning thrugh actin and experience
5．What makes the best title fr the passage?
A．The Paradx f Infrmatin OverladB．The Harmny f Learning and Ding
C．The Pursuit f Balanced KnwledgeD．The Prcess f Learning t Walk
（2024·天津河东·一模）“I can’t live withut my mbile phne!” is what I ften hear peple say as they talk abut hw mbiles have becme an essential part f their lives.
The all s cmmn sight f heads bent, eyes staring at mbile screens and fingers busy tapping away repeats itself acrss majr cities arund the wrld. Whenever there is a mment t spare while n the train, taxi r waiting in a queue, peple busy themselves with their mbile phnes.
Sme peple believe ur unhealthy bsessin with mbile phnes is destrying hw we appreciate the little things in life r miss the mments that matter. The truth is that technlgy verall shuld be seen as a tl t imprve ur lives.
Mbile phnes have certainly had a great influence n ur lives, but I truly believe it’s fr the better.
It’s changed the way we cmmunicate, whether fr wrk r play. We are nw less cnstrained (限制) by time and gegraphical lcatin. With my mbile phne, I can dial int cnference calls while stuck in a traffic jam, r reply t urgent e-mails while n the g. I can send a text message r share phts and vides with friends wh aren’t living in the same cuntry. My phne calendar keeps my life rganized, and even Facebk. Twitter, and instant messaging are nw accessible frm mbile phnes!
The mbile revlutin isn’t just changing the lives f urbanite like myself. I knw f a yung Bangladeshi wman named Shmpa Akhter wh is crazy abut fashin and design. She dreamt abut starting her wn business and she did just that, pening a shp in Kushtia featuring her wn creatins. Dealing with suppliers in different twns was a prblem fr Shmpa-purchase rders had t either be hand delivered r mailed ut t suppliers. Shmpa als fund it tugh publicizing (宣传) her business t ptential custmers utside her twn. But nce she learnt t perate the mbile phne, she was addicted. The 25-year-ld businesswman nw stays in tuch easily with her suppliers. Mbile e-mail is a blessing in her life. Wh wuld have thught that mbility culd bring abut such enrmus change? It shuldn’t really be a surprise thugh.
6．The authr intends t ____by citing a cmmn saying abut mbile phnes at the beginning.
A．attract the readers’ attentin
B．intrduce the tpic
C．stress hw mbile phnes affect ur lives
D．share his wn feelings abut mbile phnes
7．In the first tw paragraphs, the authr wants t shw ____.
A．mbile phnes make peple cmmunicate less
B．mbile phnes make peple’s life mre enjyable
C．peple’s health is greatly affected by mbile phnes
D．peple becme addicted t mbile phnes in daily life
8．What’s the authr’s attitude twards mbile phnes?
A．Dubtful.B．Supprtive.C．Critical.D．Uninterested.
9．Paragraph 5 is mainly abut ____.
A．new functins f mbile phnesB．new changes in Infrmatin Age
C．the advantages f mbile phnesD．the authr’s persnal experiences
10．What d we knw abut Shmpa frm the passage?
A．She perates a fd stre.
B．She is addicted t Internet surfing.
C．Mbile e-mail is still unavailable t her.
D．Her mbile phne helped her business a lt.
（2023·天津滨海新·三模）Have yu ever cme ut f a steamy ht shwer and tried t lk at yur reflectin in the mirrr when it’s cmpletely steamed and fgged up? I ften think that is hw we tend t view ur beauty—thrugh fgged up mirrrs. We are seeing urselves but the picture isn’t exactly clear! The mirrrs have been fgged up thrugh different life experiences and memries as we have grwn up, and nw blend tgether t frm ur wn definitin f ur beauty.
The first mirrr is frmed as a yung child and is ften based n what was said abut us frm ur parents and thse arund us. I remember being tld that I was a cute child, s that when I gt a little lder and was arund six r seven and anther child tried t tell me I was ugly- everything within me rse up against the statement because my self-belief in what my parents had said std strng.
The secnd mirrr is the mirrr f adlescence, thse frmative years when we are pushed int the big wild wrld and ut f the prtectin f hme. As a teenager I went t a barding schl, and I was ne f the nly tw black peple in the entire schl. Children being naturally curius, I felt like I was asked a millin and ne different questins abut bth my hair and skin tne- -and I dn’t think there has ever been a time when I have been mre acutely aware f my appearance, which in turn pened up the dr fr me t questin hw I lked and t thankfully embrace my differences.
The final mirrr cmes frm scially cnstructed ideas f beauty. We are ften faced with numerus images in the media, ppular culture, sciety, peers and scial media, which can create a false ideal f beauty in ur eyes. We tend t cmpare urselves t thse ideals and use it as sme srt f margin (差值) f measurement.
Hwever, real beauty cmes frm within. It is acceptance f yurself, perceived flaws and all. Yu are a masterpiece, a unique blend f genes and life experiences. It’s essential t appreciate yurself like any ther wrk f art r natural wnder, withut judgement. Maybe it’s time t create a furth mirrr, a new mirrr that is wiped clean and is minus the fg f cmparisns, accusatins, judgments and expectatins.
56．What d the fgged-up mirrrs represent accrding t the first paragraph?
A．The difficulties f seeing neself in the mirrr.
B．The varius surces f beauty standards.
C．The unclear perceptins f ne’s beauty.
D．The life experiences and memries.
57．Hw did the authr react when smene called her ugly?
A．She felt embarrassed.
B．She cmpletely denied it.
C．She sught cmfrt frm her parents.
D．She questined what her parents had said.
58．What can we learn abut scial cnstructed ideas f beauty?
A．They push teens ut f hme prtectin.
B．They aruse acute awareness f ne’s appearance.
C．They may mislead peple’s idea f beauty.
D．They are the exact measurement f beauty.
59．What des the authr suggest as a pssible furth mirrr?
A．A mirrr nt affected by external factrs.
B．A mirrr ging against sciety’s expectatins.
C．A mirrr reflecting ne’s childhd experiences.
D．A mirrr shwing the beauty ideals frm scial media.
60．The passage is mainly written t tell us that we shuld________.
A．bring happiness t thse arund us
B．keep ur reslve despite bstacles
C．change urselves t achieve an ideal
D．embrace ur real inner beauty