山东省淄博市2023-2024学年高二(上)期末英语试卷(解析版)

这是一份山东省淄博市2023-2024学年高二(上)期末英语试卷(解析版)，共23页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7， B等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Hw will the wman g t the party?
A. By car. B. By bus. C. By bike.
2. When will the speakers prbably get t the z?
A. Arund 7:00. B. Arund 8:00. C. Arund 9:00.
3. What des the man want t d?
A. See a mvie. B. G t sleep. C. Have a drink.
4. Hw much shuld the wman pay fr exchanging $3000?
A. $10. B. $15. C. $30.
5. What is the man’s prblem?
A. He has lst his car. B. He is unable t park. C. He is lcked ut f his car.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What are the speakers talking abut?
A. Where t put things in the huse.
B. When t mve t a new huse.
C. Hw t decrate the huse.
7. What will the man give his parents?
A. A clck B. A bkcase. C. A wden chair.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What did the wman d this mrning?
A. She watered the plants. B. She packed her suitcase. C. She cleaned her huse.
9. Why des the wman call the man?
A. T give advice. B. T ask fr help. C. T make an appintment.
10. Why will the man make a trip next week?
A. Fr vacatin. B. Fr study. C. Fr wrk.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What day is the wman’s busiest day f the week?
A. Mnday. B. Tuesday. C. Wednesday.
12. What des the wman like t d when listening t the lectures?
A. Recrd the lectures. B. Take ntes. C. Read bks.
13. What des the man think f skimming a bk?
A. Imprtant. B. Time-saving. C. Difficult.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. Which class has n place nw?
A. Ballet. B. Yga. C. Swimming.
15. When will the wman g t fitness classes if she jins?
A. On Wednesdays. B. On Fridays. C. On Sundays.
16. Why des the man advise the wman t register nline?
A. The cmputer desn’t wrk. B. The price is lwer. C. It’s cnvenient.
17. Hw will the wman pay?
A. By credit card. B. By phne. C. In cash.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What did the speaker study at university?
A. Cmputing. B. Cartn design. C. Art.
19. What is the speaker ding nw t imprve her wrk?
A. Cllecting stries. B. Learning acting. C. Ding a writing curse.
20. Hw lng des it take the speaker’s cmpany t make a full-length film?
A. Eight mnths. B. Sixteen mnths. C. Tw years.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Registratin fr ur winter nline cntest training classes is pen! We ffer 3 curses fr cmbined levels 1-2, 3-4, 5-6 and 7-8.
Curse Streams
Cntest Curses are designed t cver cntest questins and prblem slving strategies that students may cme acrss. Instructin will fcus n the fundamentals f prblem slving in fun and age-apprpriate ways, as well as imprving their skills in quickly judging hw t slve a prblem by recgnizing its type.
Enrichment Curses are designed fr students wh are cmfrtable in math cncepts at their grade level and are lking fr greater challenges and new ways t stimulate their interest in math.
Cding Curses fcus n explring the relatinship amng math, algrithms (算法), and cding. Building n math knwledge, slving math puzzles, and learning key prgramming cncepts, students cde tgether t slve challenges and mini prjects.
Prgram Fees and Financial Supprt
The regular fee is $17 and includes a free 60-minute training class if registered by February 25. The late fee is $25 frm February 26 t the registratin deadline n March 3rd. If yu are unable t pay fr the full prgram because yu have been financially affected, please apply fr a schlarship.
Discunts and Refund Plicy
There will be discunts fr grup registratins ($2 discunt per student fr 20 participants, $3 discunt fr 30, $4 fr 40). There will be n refunds/credits f cntest fees under any circumstances.
1. What is the fcus f Cntest Curses?
A. Decding math puzzles.B. Imprving math levels.
C. Recgnizing strategy types.D. Instructing basics and skills.
2. Hw much shuld 20 students pay fr registratin n February 24?
A. $300.B. $340.C. $460.D. $500.
3. What can we knw abut the prgram?
A. The curses are designed at the same level.
B. A grup f 10 students will get n discunts.
C. Refunds will be received fr cancellatin.
D. Any participant can apply fr a schlarship.
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. B
【语篇解读】本文体裁为应用文。文章是关于冬季在线竞赛培训课程的招生启事。内容涵盖了课程介绍（包括竞赛课程、丰富课程、编程课程）、项目费用及财政支持信息（包括常规费用、逾期费用、奖学金申请）、折扣与退款政策等细节。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据Curse Streams部分“Cntest Curses are designed t cver cntest questins and prblem slving strategies that students may cme acrss. Instructin will fcus n the fundamentals f prblem slving in fun and age-apprpriate ways, as well as imprving their skills in quickly judging hw t slve a prblem by recgnizing its type. (竞赛课程旨在涵盖学生可能遇到的竞赛问题和解决问题的策略。教学将侧重于以有趣和适合年龄的方式解决问题的基本原理，以及提高他们通过识别问题的类型来快速判断如何解决问题的技能。)”可知，竞赛课程的重点是教授解题基础和技巧，以及通过识别问题类型来快速判断如何解决问题的技能。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Prgram Fees and Financial Supprt部分中的“The regular fee is $17 and includes a free 60-minute training class if registered by February 25. (常规费用为17美元，如果在2月25日之前注册，包括免费的60分钟培训课程。)”和Discunts and Refund Plicy部分“There will be discunts fr grup registratins ($2 discunt per student fr 20 participants,$3 discunt fr 30, $4 fr 40). (团体报名有折扣（20人每人2美元折扣，30人每人3美元折扣，40人每人4美元折扣）。)”可知，20名学生在2月24日注册可以享受每人减免2美元的优惠，即每人支付15美元。所以，20名学生的总费用为15*20=$300。故选A。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据Discunts and Refund Plicy部分中的“There will be discunts fr grup registratins ($2 discunt per student fr 20 participants,$3 discunt fr 30, $4 fr 40). There will be n refunds/credits f cntest fees under any circumstances.(团体报名有折扣（20人每人2美元折扣，30人每人3美元折扣，40人每人4美元折扣）。在任何情况下，比赛费用将不予退还/抵扣。)”可知，只有达到20名及以上参与者的团体才能享受折扣，10名学生组成的团体不符合折扣条件，故不会得到折扣，选项B正确，选项C错误。根据Curse Streams部分中的“Enrichment Curses are designed fr students wh are cmfrtable in math cncepts at their grade level and are lking fr greater challenges and new ways t stimulate their interest in math. (强化课程是为那些在他们的年级水平上对数学概念感到舒适的学生而设计的，他们正在寻找更大的挑战和新的方法来激发他们的数学兴趣。)”可知，课程是针对不同级别设计的，选项A错误。根据Prgram Fees and Financial Supprt部分中的“ If yu are unable t pay fr the full prgram because yu have been financially affected, please apply fr a schlarship. (如果你因为经济上受到影响而无法支付全部费用，请申请奖学金。)”可知，并非任何参与者都能申请，选项D错误。故选B。
B
This stamp belngs t a lng-running series f pstage stamps issued by the US. At first glance, Rachel Carsn seems a slight figure amng these giants. Physically, perhaps, she was — but she has turned ut t be ne f the mst influential.
As a child, Carsn was fascinated by bks and animals. Her first bk, Under the Sea Wind, was published in 1941, but sld prly. Her secnd bk, The Sea Arund Us, was published in 1951, which was a success. A greater success was t fllw. The early 1950s were a time when technlgy was unquestined. Man wuld irn ut all the incnveniences f nature, and create an ever mre cnvenient ne fr human wrld. One f the tls with which this wuld be achieved was DDT. Swiss chemist Paul Muller had wn the 1948 Nbel Prize fr discvering its capacity fr killing insects, and the chemical was ging t rt ut nt just diseases related t insects like malaria (疟疾), but agricultural and husehld pests.
But what abut birds that ate the dying insects? Or the lasting effects f DDT in the atmsphere, nce it had dne its wrk? Vices were als being raised that DDT and ther pesticides culd cause cancer in humans. The mre Carsn explred these side-effects, the mre cnvinced she became f their danger. She decided t write her next bk abut that, and, beynd it , the threat f ther verused chemicals.
Silent Spring — the title symblizes a terrifying, birdless future — was published in 1962. It was the first bk t bring awareness f what we nw regard as eclgical issues t the general public and “Bk f the Mnth” in Octber that year. Scientists gave it favurable reviews. Chemical cmpanies did nt, attacking nt just her arguments but her persnality. She was accused f assisting the spread f malaria by supprting n pest cntrl f any kind. By 1970, even President Nixn had cme rund t her pint f view, setting up the US Envirnmental. Prtectin Agency.
4. What d the underlined wrds “irn ut” in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Give ut.B. Put ut.C. Take away.D. Clear away.
5. What is paragraph 3 mainly abut?
A. The inspiratin f writing her bk.B. The side-effects f DDT.
C. The results f eating dying insects.D. The advantages f DDT.
6. What can we learn abut the bk Silent Spring?
A. It gained wide supprt initially.B. It brught Carsn amunts f prfits.
C. It arused public awareness n eclgy.D. It received vilent attack frm scientists.
7. What might be a suitable title fr the text?
A. The Bk f the MnthB. The Pwer f Wrds
C. An Influential BigraphyD. A Fantastic Stamp
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. C 7. B
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了Rachel Carsn如何通过她的书籍和言论对环境问题产生了深远的影响，特别是她的《寂静的春天》一书对公众生态意识的觉醒起到了重要作用。
【4题详解】
词句猜测题。根据下文“create an ever mre cnvenient ne fr human wrld. (为人类世界创造一个更加便利的环境。)”可知，人类将消除自然界的一切不便。由此可知，irn ut意为“消除”。故选D。
【5题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“But what abut birds that ate the dying insects? Or the lasting effects f DDT in the atmsphere, nce it had dne its wrk? Vices were als being raised that DDT and ther pesticides culd cause cancer in humans. The mre Carsn explred these side-effects, the mre cnvinced she became f their danger. She decided t write her next bk abut that, and, beynd it, the threat f ther verused chemicals. (但是那些吃垂死昆虫的鸟类呢?或者DDT在大气中的持久影响，一旦它完成了它的工作？滴滴涕和其他杀虫剂可能导致人类癌症的声音也越来越高。卡森对这些副作用研究得越多，她就越确信它们的危险。她决定写她的下一本书，除此之外，还有其他过度使用化学品的威胁。)”可知，第三段主要讲述了她写这本书的灵感。故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“It was the first bk t bring awareness f what we nw regard as eclgical issues t the general public and “Bk f the Mnth” in Octber that year. (这是第一本让公众意识到我们现在所说的生态问题的书，也是当年10月的“月度图书”。)”可知，《寂静的春天》唤起了公众的生态意识。故选C。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了Rachel Carsn如何通过她的书籍和言论对环境问题产生了深远的影响，特别是她的《寂静的春天》一书对公众生态意识的觉醒起到了重要作用。因此，最符合文章主旨的标题是B项：“The Pwer f Wrds”（文字的力量）。故选B。
C
One f the great diagnstic (诊断的) tls created in the last 30 years is the cmputed tmgraphy (CT) scanner, which has been bettered ver the years, with mbile capabilities.
A CT scanner is a system that cmbines a series f X-ray images frm different angles arund the bdy and then uses a cmputer t create crss-sectinal images. The results f the scan are ready within 15 t 30 minutes, enabling dctrs t review and interpret the scan as sn as it is cmpleted.
It is imprtant t nte that fixed CT scanners are massive machines weighing up t 4, 000 kilgrams that rely n high-vltage capacities and cling machinery. Hwever, there are sme situatins where fixed CT scanners are just t heavy t be used efficiently. This is where Mbile CT scanning units fit in: they bring the hspital t the patients. Mbile CT scanners are CT scanning systems n wheels meant t be mved easily frm rm t rm.
Over the years, the CT scanners technlgy imprved and prvided higher quality multi-functinal imaging, while helping the transprt t the patients pint f care. When cmpared t fixed CT scanners, mbile CT’s were fund t have very psitive utcmes including: reductin in time f receiving diagnstic services; helping the patients’ recvery; reductin in ttal length f stay at the hspital; higher accuracy in patient management; as well as increased access and respnse t the patients’ needs.
The pssibility f risky events while transprting critically ill patients fr CT imaging is as high as 71%. A key pint is the mbile CT’s ability t perfrm imaging and t treat a patient withut repsitining and by reducing the patients’ mvements, which helps prvide mre accurate diagnsis.
8. What is stated in paragraph 2?
A. The ways f scanning bnes.B. The definitin f an X-ray image.
C. The preparatin time f a scanner.D. The wrking principle f a CT scanner.
9. In paragraph 3, the authr mentined “they bring the hspital t the patients” t shw ______.
A. mre hspitals are neededB. less peple g t hspitals
C. CT scans are mre cnvenientD. scanning demands are increasing
10. What is the authr’s attitude twards the mbile CT scanners?
A. Objective.B. Supprtive.C. Indifferent.D. Unclear.
11. What can we infer frm the last tw paragraphs?
A. Staying in hspitals is becming unnecessary.
B. Patients shuldn’t be mved befre having CT scans.
C. Mbile CT scans can reduce negative incidents greatly.
D. Dctrs shuld pay mre attentin t managing patients.
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. B 11. C
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍并强调移动CT仪的重要性和优势。
【8题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“A CT scanner is a system that cmbines a series f X-ray images frm different angles arund the bdy and then uses a cmputer t create crss-sectinal images. The results f the scan are ready within 15 t 30 minutes, enabling dctrs t review and interpret the scan as sn as it is cmpleted.(CT扫描仪是一种系统，它将身体周围不同角度的一系列x射线图像组合在一起，然后使用计算机创建横截面图像。扫描结果在15到30分钟内准备好，使医生能够在扫描完成后立即检查和解释扫描结果。)”可知，第二段CT扫描仪的工作原理。故选D。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Hwever, there are sme situatins where fixed CT scanners are just t heavy t be used efficiently. This is where Mbile CT scanning units fit in: they bring the hspital t the patients. Mbile CT scanners are CT scanning systems n wheels meant t be mved easily frm rm t rm.(然而，在某些情况下，固定CT扫描仪太重而无法有效使用。这就是移动CT扫描设备的用武之地：它们把医院带到病人身边。移动CT扫描仪是一种装有轮子的CT扫描系统，可以很容易地从一个房间移动到另一个房间。)”可知，在第3段中，作者提到“他们把医院带到病人面前”，以表明CT扫描更方便。故选C。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“When cmpared t fixed CT scanners, mbile CT’s were fund t have very psitive utcmes including: reductin in time f receiving diagnstic services; helping the patients’ recvery; reductin in ttal length f stay at the hspital; higher accuracy in patient management; as well as increased access and respnse t the patients’ needs.( 与固定CT扫描仪相比，发现移动CT具有非常积极的结果，包括：减少接受诊断服务的时间；帮助患者康复；缩短住院总时间；提高患者管理的准确性；以及增加对患者需求的获取和响应。)”可知，作者在介绍移动CT扫描仪时，提到了它的多个优点，如减少患者接收诊断服务的时间、帮助患者恢复、提高患者管理的准确性等，这显示出作者对于移动CT扫描仪的支持态度。故选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“When cmpared t fixed CT scanners, mbile CT’s were fund t have very psitive utcmes including: reductin in time f receiving diagnstic services; helping the patients’ recvery; reductin in ttal length f stay at the hspital; higher accuracy in patient management; as well as increased access and respnse t the patients’ needs.( 与固定CT扫描仪相比，发现移动CT具有非常积极的结果，包括：减少接受诊断服务的时间；帮助患者康复；缩短住院总时间；提高患者管理的准确性；以及增加对患者需求的获取和响应。)”和文章最后一段“The pssibility f risky events while transprting critically ill patients fr CT imaging is as high as 71%. A key pint is the mbile CT’s ability t perfrm imaging and t treat a patient withut repsitining and by reducing the patients’ mvements, which helps prvide mre accurate diagnsis.(运送危重病人进行CT成像时发生危险事件的可能性高达71%。移动CT的一个关键点在于其成像和治疗病人的能力，无需重新定位和减少病人的运动，这有助于提供更准确的诊断。)”可推知，移动CT扫描可以大大减少负面事件。故选C。
D
When we g abut ur daily rutines, mst f us are unaware that beneath ur feet lies an utstandingly different cmmunity f plants, animals and micrbes that makes up ur sils. Sils are mre than just “dirt” — they’re a majr supply f glbal bidiversity, supprting agriculture and fd security, cntrlling greenhuse gas emissins (排放) and prmting plant, animal and human health. Withut them ur wrld wuldn’t be the same.
Sil is a living resurce. Plants and animals abve and belw grund depend n the cmplex prcesses and interactins taking place in the sil and that enables life n earth. Plants nurture a whle wrld f creatures in the sil, which in turn feeds and prtects the plants.
Fighting lss f sil bidiversity is key t glbal fd security and the achievement f mre than half f the Sustainable Develpment Gals. Sil bidiversity plays a vital rle in the sil ecsystem as sil rganisms (有机体) are respnsible fr nutrient cycling, cntrlling the dynamics (有机质) f sil rganic matter and greenhuse gas emissins, allwing sils t functin prperly. Sil bidiversity plays a central rle in preserving human health thrugh a range f pathways including water purificatin, climate stabilizatin, nutrient and fd security.
T prevent and minimize sil bidiversity lss, farmers and ther land users can adpt sustainable sil management practices. Limiting waste by recycling and reusing will minimize the chances f sil pllutin and therefre prtect sil bidiversity. Gvernments shuld invest in gathering better knwledge abut the imprtance f sil bidiversity and functins, including by regin and land cver type. Everyne can prvide pprtunities t supprt sil bidiversity arund yu by prtecting insects and the surrundings and allwing branches and leaves t rt naturally.
12. What des the underlined wrd “them” in paragraph 1 refer t?
A. The rutines.B. The creatures.
C. The sils.D. The emissins.
13. What rle des sil bidiversity play in the ecsystem?
A. Prviding nutrients t keep the sil healthy.
B. Securing fd supply t feed mre peple.
C. Imprving the human immune system.
D. Stpping greenhuse gas emissins.
14. What can be dne t stp sil bidiversity lss?
A. Purifying water.B. Encuraging recycling.
C. Grading the lands.D. Speeding up rganisms’ rtting.
15. What des the authr suggest readers d?
A. Be invlved in sil prtecting.B. Keep the balance f bidiversity.
C. Make full use f sil resurces.D. Be aware f the existence f sils.
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. B 15. A
【语篇解读】本文属于说明文。文章介绍了土壤的重要性，强调了土壤生物多样性的关键作用，以及保护土壤生物多样性的必要性和方法。文中通过阐述土壤生态系统的功能、土壤对全球食物安全和可持续发展目标的贡献，以及个人和政府可以采取的保护措施，旨在提高公众对土壤保护意识和参与度。
【12题详解】
词句猜测题。由文章第一段“When we g abut ur daily rutines, mst f us are unaware that beneath ur feet lies an utstandingly different cmmunity f plants, animals and micrbes that makes up ur sils. Sils are mre than just “dirt” —they’re a majr supply f glbal bidiversity, supprting agriculture and fd security, cntrlling greenhuse gas emissins (排放) and prmting plant, animal and human health. Withut them ur wrld wuldn’t be the same. (当我们进行日常生活时，我们大多数人都没有意识到，在我们脚下是一个由植物、动物和微生物组成的截然不同的群落，它们构成了我们的土壤。土壤不仅仅是“泥土”——它们是全球生物多样性的主要来源，支持农业和粮食安全，控制温室气体排放，促进植物、动物和人类健康。没有他们，我们的世界就不一样了。)”可知，划线词them前介绍了土壤的重要性，没有土壤，我们的世界就不一样了。them指代的是前文提到的“sils（土壤）”。A. The rutines常规；B. The creatures生物；C. The sils土壤；D. The emissins排放。故选C。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“Sil bidiversity plays a vital rle in the sil ecsystem as sil rganisms (有机体) are respnsible fr nutrient cycling, cntrlling the dynamics (有机质) f sil rganic matter and greenhuse gas emissins, allwing sils t functin prperly. Sil bidiversity plays a central rle in preserving human health thrugh a range f pathways including water purificatin, climate stabilizatin, nutrient and fd security. (土壤生物多样性在土壤生态系统中起着至关重要的作用，因为土壤生物负责养分循环，控制土壤有机质和温室气体排放的动态，使土壤正常运作。土壤生物多样性通过水净化、气候稳定、营养和粮食安全等一系列途径，在维护人类健康方面发挥着核心作用。)”可知，土壤生物多样性在生态系统中起着至关重要的作用，包括营养循环、控制土壤有机质动态和温室气体排放，以及维持土壤正常功能。选项A“Prviding nutrients t keep the sil healthy. (提供养分以保持土壤健康。)”最能概括其作用。故选A。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“Limiting waste by recycling and reusing will minimize the chances f sil pllutin and therefre prtect sil bidiversity. (通过回收和再利用来限制废物将最大限度地减少土壤污染的机会，从而保护土壤生物多样性。)”可知，通过回收再利用，从而保护土壤生物多样性，所以要鼓励回收利用。故选B。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的“Everyne can prvide pprtunities t supprt sil bidiversity arund yu by prtecting insects and the surrundings and allwing branches and leaves t rt naturally. (每个人都可以提供机会，通过保护昆虫和周围环境，让树枝和叶子自然腐烂，来支持你周围的土壤生物多样性。)”可知，作者建议读者参与到保护土壤的行动中来。故选A。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Kindness gives me a bst, mentally and physically, which is nt just beneficial fr the receiver, but als fr the giver.
If smene really lves the gift yu’ve chsen fr them, the pleasure f giving can be even strnger than that f receiving. But such feelings dn’t always sit cmfrtably with us. ____16____ Traditinally, it is tied up with beliefs f self sacrifice (牺牲) and putting ther peple’s welfare ahead f yur wn. Indeed. sme researchers argue that a key element is that the persn perfrming the act must give up smething in rder t help smene else. ____17____ If I give up my seat t an lder persn n a crwded tube, she ends up sitting and I standing. I’ve lst ut by my kindness. Similarly, if yu give up several hurs t vlunteer, yu are sacrificing time t help thers. ____18____
Yet when I ffer my seat, r yu vlunteer yur time, we tend t feel a warm glw f self-satisfactin. ____19____ We can act kindly nw, even if it’s at sme cst t us, in the knwledge that at sme pint in the future smene will act in a kind way twards us when we need help. Reciprcity (互惠) has helped humans t wrk tgether, survive fr many thusands f years.
____20____ Rather, it is a shared, tw-way devtin. Only in extreme situatins des kindness invlve the cmplete r near cmplete self sacrifice, such as when peple risk their life t save the lives f thers. And even in these situatins, if the heres survive, they can persnally gain frm their actin thrugh a huge imprvement t their reputatin.
A. This may physically be the case.
B. Kindness isn’t simply an activity.
C. Shuldn’t true kindness be selfless?
D. We can als benefit thrugh interactins.
E. Yu are nt directly benefiting frm yur kindness.
F. This requires effrt and isn’t always fully appreciated.
G. Why nt value the advantages we gain frm ur kindness?
【答案】16. C 17. A 18. E 19. D 20. B
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了善良行为对于施与者和接受者都有益处，提倡在评估善良行为时不仅要考虑牺牲与回报的平衡，还要重视善良行为本身带来的心理和社会效益。
【16题详解】
根据上文的“If smene really lves the gift yu’ve chsen fr them, the pleasure f giving can be even strnger than that f receiving. But such feelings dn’t always sit cmfrtably with us.(如果有人真的喜欢你为他们选择的礼物，那么给予的快乐甚至比接受的快乐更强烈。但这种感觉并不总是让我们感到舒服)”和下文的“Traditinally, it is tied up with beliefs f self sacrifice and putting ther peple’s welfare ahead f yur wn. Indeed. sme researchers argue that a key element is that the persn perfrming the act must give up smething in rder t help sme ne else. (传统上，它与自我牺牲的信念和把别人的利益放在自己的利益之前联系在一起。确实。一些研究人员认为，一个关键因素是，实施行为的人必须放弃一些东西来帮助其他人)”可知，C项(真正的善良不应该是无私的吗？)承接上文，针对人们在付出时会感到吃亏了，从而不舒服提出问题，指出做好事应该不求回报，下文继续进行说明这一点，故选C项。
【17题详解】
根据上文的“Traditinally, it is tied up with beliefs f self sacrifice and putting ther peple’s welfare ahead f yur wn. Indeed. sme researchers argue that a key element is that the persn perfrming the act must give up smething in rder t help sme ne else. (传统上，它与自我牺牲的信念和把别人的利益放在自己的利益之前联系在一起。确实。一些研究人员认为，一个关键因素是，实施善意行为的人必须放弃一些东西来帮助其他人)”和下文的“If I give up my seat t an lder persn n a crwded tube, she ends up sitting and I standing. I’ve lst ut by my kindness. Similarly, if yu give up several hurs t vlunteer, yu are sacrificing time t help thers.(如果我在拥挤的地铁上给一位老人让座，结果是她坐着而我站着。我的好心让我吃亏了。同样，如果你放弃自己几个小时的时间做志愿者，你也牺牲了时间去帮助别人)”可知，A项(这可能是实际情况。)承接上文，肯定了上文的说法，即做好事是需要付出的，下文举了两个实例进行具体说明。故选A项。
【18题详解】
根据上文的“If I give up my seat t an lder persn n a crwded tube, she ends up sitting and I standing. I’ve lst ut by my kindness. Similarly, if yu give up several hurs t vlunteer, yu are sacrificing time t help thers.(如果我在拥挤的地铁上给一位老人让座，结果是她坐着而我站着。我的好心让我吃亏了。同样，如果你放弃自己几个小时的时间做志愿者，你也牺牲了时间去帮助别人)”可知，E项(你并没有直接受益于你的善良。)承接上文，说明了做好事需要付出，却没有得到回报。故选E项。
【19题详解】
根据上文的“Yet when I ffer my seat, r yu vlunteer yur time, we tend t feel a warm glw f self-satisfactin. (然而，当我让座，或者你自愿提供时间时，我们往往会感到一种自我满足的温暖)”和下文的“We can act kindly nw, even if it’s at sme cst t us, in the knwledge that at sme pint in the future smene will act in a kind way twards us when we need help. Reciprcity has helped humans t wrk tgether, survive fr many thusands f years.(我们现在就可以友善地行动，即使要付出一些代价，因为我们知道，在未来的某个时刻，当我们需要帮助的时候，有人会以一种友善的方式对待我们。互惠帮助人类合作，从而生存了几千年)”可知，D项(我们也可以通过互动获益。)承接上文，说明了人们彼此帮助会带来好处，下文指出了好处所在，人们的合作才使得人们人类发展至今。故选D项。
【20题详解】
根据下文的“Rather, it is a shared, tw-way devtin. Only in extreme situatins des kindness invlve the cmplete r near cmplete self sacrifice, such as when peple risk their life t save the lives f thers. And even in these situatins, if the heres survive, they can persnally gain frm their actin thrugh a huge imprvement t their reputatin.(在某种程度上，这是一种共享的、双向的奉献。只有在极端情况下，善良才会包括完全或近乎完全的自我牺牲，比如当人们冒着生命危险去拯救别人的生命时。即使在这些情况下，如果英雄们幸存下来，他们也可以从他们的行动中获得巨大的声誉提升)”可知，B项(善良不仅仅是一项活动。)引出下文对善良的更深入的评价，指出善良带来的好处。故选B项。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In Lulea, a city in nrthern Sweden, the sun nly shines arund three hurs a day in the winter mnths. Peple tend t ____21____ warm at hme and that can be very lnely. T help ____22____ winter lneliness, the lcal gvernment is asking everyne t just say ____23____ t each ther.
Asa Kski, a city fficial, ____24____ the idea. She wants the city t be a friendlier, and less lnely place fr the ____25____.
“We dn’t just want that ur city is ging t grw as a ____26____ itself; we want it t be a pleasant, safe and friendly city as well where there’s ____27____, leisure activities and sprt,” Kski tld The Guardian. She added that being seen and ____28____ by strangers makes yu feel like yu belng. “The research shws that it has a great ____29____ n health and ften an effect n wanting t help each ther,” Kski said.
The new campaign is a simple way t ____30____ lnely peple, but fr a cuntry knwn fr peple being reserved, it is a very big ____31____. T encurage peple t say “hi”, the prpsal is nw being ____32____ n buses, in schls, and even wrkshps. ____33____, mre and mre peple are becming t realize the imprtance f greeting.
These cnnectins make peple feel mre ____34____ and secure in their cmmunities, reduce the prblem f lneliness, and make ____35____ with neighbrs less likely.
21. A. turnB. startC. stayD. becme
22. A. fightB. challengeC. seekD. survive
23. A. yesB. gdbyeC. srryD. hell
24. A. kept up withB. came up withC. caught up withD. put up with
25. A. familiesB. schlarsC. residentsD. gvernrs
26. A. cityB. restaurantC. libraryD. hme
27. A. natureB. knwledgeC. literatureD. culture
28. A. visitedB. greetedC. helpedD. ffended
29. A. decisinB. burdenC. impactD. impressin
30. A. cnnectB. recgnizeC. intrduceD. remember
31. A. tlB. methdC. factD. step
32. A. prvedB. advertisedC. recrdedD. believed
33. A. SimilarlyB. ObviuslyC. GraduallyD. Generally
34. A. acknwledgedB. realizedC. cnfirmedD. abandned
35. A. perfrmanceB. adventureC. failureD. cnflict
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. D 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. D
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了瑞典北部城市Lulea在冬季日照极短的情况下，如何通过政府发起的问候运动来缓解居民孤独感的故事。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们倾向于呆在家里取暖，这可能会非常孤独。A. turn转变；B. start开始；C. stay保持；D. becme成为。根据后文“and that can be very lnely”可知，空处指冬天人们待在家保暖，stay warm 表示“保持温暖”。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了帮助对抗冬季的孤独感，当地政府要求每个人互相问候。A. fight战斗，对抗；B. challenge挑战；C. seek寻找；D. survive生存。根据后文“winter lneliness”可知，空处指对抗孤独感。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了帮助对抗冬季的孤独感，当地政府要求每个人互相问候。A. yes是的；B. gdbye再见；C. srry对不起；D. hell你好。根据后文第四段中“T encurage peple t say “hi””可知，空处指政府鼓励人们相互问候，打招呼。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：市政府官员Asa Kski提出了这个想法。A. kept up with跟上；B. came up with提出；C. caught up with赶上；D. put up with忍受。根据后文“She wants the city t be a friendlier, and less lnely place”可知，空处指Asa Kski提出了这个想法。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她希望这个城市对居民来说是一个更友好、更少孤独的地方。A. families家庭；B. schlars学者；C. residents居民；D. gvernrs统治者。根据上文“the lcal gvernment is asking everyne”可知，空处指希望城市对所有居民更友好。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们不只是希望我们的城市作为一个城市本身能够发展；我们希望它成为一个宜人、安全、友好的城市，那里有文化、休闲活动和运动。A. city城市；B. restaurant餐馆；C. library图书馆；D. hme家。根据前文“ur city is ging t grw as”及后文“itself”可知，空处指城市本身的发展。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们不只是希望我们的城市作为一个城市本身能够发展；我们希望它成为一个宜人、安全、友好的城市，那里有文化、休闲活动和运动。A. nature自然；B. knwledge知识；C. literature文学；D. culture文化。根据后文“leisure activities and sprt”可知，空处与后文并列列举城市应具备的多种特质，culture符合语境，指城市的文化。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她补充说，被陌生人看见和问候会让你觉得你是属于这里的。A. visited访问；B. greeted问候；C. helped帮助；D. ffended冒犯。根据后文第四段中“T encurage peple t say “hi””可知，空处指被陌生人问候。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Kski说：“研究表明，这对健康有很大的影响，而且常常会影响人们想要互相帮助的愿望。”A. decisin决定；B. burden负担；C. impact影响；D. impressin印象。根据后文“an effect n”可知，空处指研究表明相互问候对健康有很大影响，impact与effect意思相近，have an impact n表示“对……有影响”。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这项新运动是连接孤独人群的一个简单方法，但对于一个以人们保守著称的国家来说，这是一个非常大的步骤。A. cnnect连接；B. recgnize认出；C. intrduce介绍；D. remember记住。根据后文最后一段中“These cnnectins make peple feel”可知，空处指这项倡议旨在连接孤独的人们。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但对于一个以人们保守著称的国家来说，这是一个非常大的步骤。A. tl工具；B. methd方法；C. fact事实；D. step步骤，措施。根据前文“but fr a cuntry knwn fr peple being reserved”可知，空处指对于一个国民性格内敛的国家，这样的倡议是一个大的步骤。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了鼓励人们说“你好”，这项提议现在正在公交车上、学校里，甚至在研讨会上进行宣传。A. prved证明；B. advertised宣传；C. recrded记录；D. believed相信。根据后文“n buses, in schls, and even wrkshps”可知，空处指政府通过各种渠道宣传这一倡议。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：渐渐地，越来越多的人开始意识到问候的重要性。A. Similarly相似地；B. Obviusly明显地；C. Gradually逐渐地；D. Generally通常地。根据后文“mre and mre peple are becming t realize the imprtance f greeting”可知，空处指越来越多人意识到问候的重要性，这种认识是逐渐形成的。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些联系让人们在社区中感到更加被认可和安全，减少了孤独问题，并使与邻居发生冲突的可能性降低。A. acknwledged承认，认可；B. realized实现；C. cnfirmed确认；D. abandned放弃。根据前文“makes yu feel like yu belng”后文“secure in their cmmunities, reduce the prblem f lneliness”可知，空处指人们通过相互问候增加了人们的归属感和安全感，感受到更多的被社会认可的感觉。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些联系让人们在社区中感到更加被认可和安全，减少了孤独问题，并使与邻居发生冲突的可能性降低。A. perfrmance表现；B. adventure冒险；C. failure失败；D. cnflict冲突。根据前文“These cnnectins”及“secure in their cmmunities, reduce the prblem f lneliness”可知，空处指邻里之间的良好关系减少了冲突的可能性。故选D。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
On the castal wetlands by the Yellw Sea in Eastern China, yu’ll ntice a strange-lking Milu deer ____36____ (walk) arund. It has a head shaped like a hrse, giant antlers (角) like a deer, hves (蹄子) like a cw, ____37____ the tail f a dnkey. The fact ____38____ they have nw returned t China is the result f a remarkable century-ld animal prtectin cperatin between tw cuntries.
Studies have fund that the Milu deer were nce cmmn in eastern China, but by the nineteenth century, their numbers ____39____ (drp) sharply. Mst f the Milu deer were raised in the Emperr’s hunting grunds utside Beijing. The Eurpeans ____40____ came t China at the time believed the species t be very rare and many were taken back t Eurpe. When the Emperr’s hunting grunds were destryed by ____41____ heavy flding, the Milu deer were lst, never t be seen in the area again. Luckily, a Duke in Britain gave shelter t 18 f these frtunate Milu deer, where they were well taken care f. During the mid-1980s, the Chinese gvernment hped the species culd ____42____ (restre) in China nce again. In 1986, there were 39 f the Milu deer ____43____ (fly) t China frm Britain t their ancestral hme in Dafeng Cunty in Jiangsu prvince. After tw decades, the Milu deer ppulatin in China has ____44____ (dramatic) increased t ver 5000. Tday, there is n lnger any fears fr their _____45_____ (survive) in their hmeland.
【答案】36. walking 37. and 38. that 39. had drpped 40. wh/that 41. a 42. be restred 43. flwn 44. dramatically 45. survival
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述麋鹿（Milu deer）在中国东部黄海沿岸湿地的重新引入和繁衍情况，以及这一成就背后所体现的中英两国之间长达一个世纪的动物保护合作。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在中国东部黄海沿岸的湿地上，你会注意到一只长相奇怪的麋鹿走来走去。ntice sb./sth. ding sth.为固定搭配，表示“注意到某人/某物正在做某事”，因此应该使用现在分词walking作为宾语补足语，来描述Milu deer的动作。故填walking。
【37题详解】
考查连词。句意：它有一个像马一样的头，像鹿一样的大角，像牛一样的蹄，和驴一样的尾巴。句子中列举了麋鹿的四个特点，这四个特点是并列关系，因此需要使用并列连词and来连接。故填and。
【38题详解】
考查同位语从句。句意：他们现在回到中国的事实，是两国之间长达一个世纪、令人瞩目的动物保护合作的结果。“________they have nw returned t China”为同位语从句，用来解释说明前面的名词“the fact”，从句不缺成分，且引导词没有含义，需用连接词that。故填that。
【39题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：研究发现，麋鹿曾经在中国东部很常见，但到了19世纪，它们的数量急剧下降。根据时间状语“by the nineteenth century”可知，此处使用过去完成时，表示“过去的过去”。故填had drpped。
【40题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：当时来到中国的欧洲人认为这种物种非常罕见，许多被带回了欧洲。空处引导定语从句，先行词The Eurpeans，指人，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词wh/that引导。故填wh/that。
【41题详解】
考查冠词。句意：当皇帝的猎场被一场大洪水摧毁时，麋鹿消失了，再也没有在这个地区出现过。flding为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且heavy发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
【42题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：在20世纪80年代中期，中国政府希望该物种能够再次在中国恢复。the species和restre为被动关系，需用被动语态，位于情态动词culd后面，使用动词原形。故填be restred。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：1986年，有39只麋鹿从英国空运到中国，回到它们在江苏省大丰县的祖籍地。空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，39 f the Milu deer和fly为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式。故填flwn。
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意：二十年后，中国的麋鹿数量急剧增加到5000多只。修饰动词has increased需用副词dramatically，作状语。故填dramatically。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：今天，人们不再担心他们在祖国的生存。空处需填名词survival，作宾语，表抽象概念，不可数。故填survival。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，上周你校举办了一系列的冬日健身活动，掀起了健身热潮。请你为校报英语专栏写一篇报道。内容包括：
1.活动概况；
2.活动意义。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
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【参考范文】
Last week witnessed a series f winter fitness activities, which sparked enthusiasm fr exercise amng students.
During schl breaks, events like lng-distance racing, rpe skipping, badmintn, and basketball were held separately. Engaged in these activities, students jumped and ran vigrusly in the stadium r n the playgrund, which arused ur passin fr sprts and fstered ur friendship.
These clrful sprts activities greatly imprved ur physical health, academic fcus and enhanced teamwrk spirits, creating a lively and jyful atmsphere fr the winter campus.
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Rani jumped ff the schl bus. Splash! She landed right in the muddy rainwater. It had been a Friday full f disasters. Angry thughts biled inside Rani’s head as she marched hme in the rain. Why did she have t frget her raincat back hme? Why did she have t risk taking the schl bus back hme? Why did her hair have t wave up like a giant cttn candy balln just when she wanted it t behave? Why, why, why, fumed (烦恼) Rani as she turned the backdr key.
“Rani, is that yu?” Mama called frm the family rm.
Suddenly Rani’s cusins, Amit and Sumit, came charging tward her.
“Hw many eggs des Rani have in that nest n her head?” laughed Amit.
“Let me get them ff Rani’s head!” shuted Sumit.
This was really t much. Rani was upset. She fled ut f the dr, dwn the driveway, and back up the rad she’d walked dwn minutes befre. Angry as Ran I was, she knew that she shuld calm dwn. Withut nticing, she walked behind a green curtain f lush (茂盛的) bamb. Tearing thrugh the wild grwth, she made her way dwn a narrw mud path int a clearing. She threw her schlbag n the grund and breathed hard.
Lying n her schlbag, she bitterly remembered the hurs, days, and weeks she had spent trying t sften her hair frm using her grandmther’s special mixture f ccnut t washing it with Sunsilk shamp—but in vain.
Befre lng, the tiring day caught up with Rani, and she fell int sleep.
“Rani! Raa—aani!”
Rani wke up t Mama’s calls. She lifted her head frm her knees. She wandered absently arund the bamb verlking her huse. Rani hugged herself, making n respnse. “I still need time t calm dwn,” she tld herself, “Amit and Sumit shuldn’t have made fun f me.”
Alne in her secret hideut, Rani watched the shadws get lnger and begin t disappear as dusk fell. Suddenly the leaves rustled (沙沙作响).
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Smene was making its way twards her.
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Rani! Here yu are. Mama said relievedly
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【参考范文】
Smene was making its way twards her. Rani frze. A shiver went dwn her spine. She cruched lwer, nt daring t mve a muscle. At that mment, she began t regret nt answering her mther’s call. She wished she was in her wn warm hme. The leaves parted, and a dark frm stepped int the clearing. Rani’s heart leapt with fear. She pened her muth t scream. The next mment Mama was kneeling next t her.
“Rani! Here yu are!” Mama said relievedly. Relief and jy flded thrugh Rani. She flung her arms arund Mama and clung t her. “What are yu ding here?” Mama asked. “Everyne’s been lking all ver the place fr yu. Cme, let’ s g hme.” Rani shk her head. A lne tear slid dwn her cheek. “What’ s wrng, my child?” Mama asked gently. Mre tears streamed dwn her face. “I hate my hair!” Mama sighed and hugged Rani rubbing her back smthly and said, “Yur hair is beautiful. It’s s distinct and striking. Just be yurself.”
听力答案1-5 BCBCC 6-10 AABBC 11-15 CABAB 16-20 ACCBA