湖南省名校联考2024-2025学年高二上学期12月大联考英语试卷（Word版附解析）

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本试题卷共10页。时量120分钟。满分150分。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：Hw much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Hw des Emily ften g t wrk?
A. By subway.B. By car.C. On ft.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Emily tk the subway t her ffice tday. When I was walking past the statin, I saw her hurrying ver t the cmpany.
M: Yes, her wrkmate David usually drives her t the ffice, but then he was ut f twn n business.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Hw des the man think f the test?
A. Tugh.B. Easy.C. Interesting.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: D yu think ur maths test was t difficult?
M: Well, I wish I culd just get a passing mark.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Hw much will the wman pay?
A. $30.B. $40.C. $50.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Is this the chair yu advertised?
M: Yeah, it’s ur regular thirty-dllar chair n sale tday fr twenty dllars each.
W: All right, I’ll take tw.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where des the cnversatin prbably take place?
A. In the street.B. In a supermarket.C. In the pst ffice.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Excuse me, hw can I get t the nearest supermarket?
W: It’s n Penny’s Rad. G past the pst ffice and it’s n yur left.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What did Paul d?
A. He tk a test.B. He fixed a TV set.C. He designed a medal.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: I dn’t knw hw yu did it, Paul, but the TV wrks beautifully nw. Yu shuld get a medal fr yur wrk.
M: It wasn’t hard at all. It was much easier than preparing fr the test.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What des Peter usually d n Friday night?
A. Visit his parents.B. G t the cinema.C. Walk alng Bradway.
7. Wh watches musical plays mst ften?
A. Peter.B. Samsara.C. Peter’s parents.
【答案】6. B 7. B
【解析】
【原文】W: S Peter, what d yu ften d n the weekend?
M: I ften g t mvies with friends n Friday night. Hw abut yu, Samara?
W: Well, I lve seeing musical plays n Bradway with my friends. Have yu been t many?
M: Nt really. I saw ne when I mved t Bstn and anther when my parents came t visit, but nt ever since.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8 Why is Andrew leaving early?
A. T enjy the scenery n the way.
B. T buy sme gifts fr his family.
C. T avid getting stuck in traffic.
9. What des Jessica ften d at the railway statin?
A. Read bks.B. Make a t-d list.C. Lk arund the shps:
10. What are the speakers mainly talking abut?
A. What t d next year.B. Where t g fr vacatins.C. Hw t pass the waiting time.
【答案】8. C 9. C 10. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Are yu leaving fr the railway statin nw, Andrew? It’s s early.
M: Just aviding the rush hur. I dn’t want t be late.
W: S yu have t wait fr abut tw hurs. I dn’t think there’s scenery t lk at.
M: Dn’t wrry. I’ll take a bk with me.
W: It’s t nisy t read in the railway statin. I wuld usually lk arund the shps while waiting fr the train.
M: But I’ve already gt all the gifts fr my parents and sisters. I dn’t need t buy anything. If I really can’t fcus n the bk, I may phne up sme friends I haven’t talked t in a while.
W: That’s a nice idea. Anna tld me last time that she ften spent the waiting time writing a t-d-list s that she’d nt miss anything in the days t cme.
M: That’s an awesme idea. I’ll surely d that. Thank yu, Jessica. See yu next year.
W: Bye.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11. Which clr d cats see better than humans?
A. Gray.B. Green.C. Red.
12. Why d cats bring dead birds hme?
A. T eat them in a safe place.
B. T make their wners happy.
C. T shw ff their hunting skills.
13. Hw des the man sund at the end f the cnversatin?
A. Curius.B. Serius.C. Humrus.
【答案】11. A 12. A 13. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Welcme t ur prgramme, Dctr Petersn. Let’s see what questins we’ve gt fr yu tday. Here is ne, can cats see clurs?
M: Srt f. In the wild, many cats hunt at night because their eyes are designed fr lw light. Yur cat can’t see bright clrs such as red and green, but it picks up mre shades f blue, yellw and gray than humans d.
W: And why d cats give dead birds t their wners?
M: When yur cat drps a dead bird at yur feet, she isn’t bringing yu a present. Mst cats just drag fd hme because it’s a safe place t eat. A cat’s mm als brings hme things t her children t help them practise hunting. S a female cat withut children may bring these treats t her wner instead. Yu may nt like them, but at least yu dn’t have t write her a thank yu nte.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14. Wh suggested that Nrman paint fr children’s bks?
A. His wife.B. Elizabeth.C. A publisher.
15. What is Nrman’s stry based n?
A. A painting.B. A wman.C. A bk.
16. Wh is Cliffrd?
A. A little girl.B. The man’s pet.C. A fictinal dg.
17. What was it that shcked Nrman?
A. His unexpected success.B. His effrts made in vain.C. His editr’s disagreement.
【答案】14. A 15. A 16. C 17. A
【解析】
【原文】W: A big dg celebrates a big birthday this year. Cliffrd The Big Red Dg first appeared sixty years ag, alng with Emily Elizabeth, a little girl wh lves him. Tday we have Nrman Bridwell t talk with NBR’s reprter n his dg’s sixtieth birthday. S Nrman, tell us hw it all started.
M: Well, it was 1962 and I was struggling. Nt very successful artist in New Yrk. My wife suggested that I try my hand at painting fr children’s bks. S I did ten paintings and tk them t the publishers. I was turned dwn everywhere except at ne publisher, where a yung wman tld me I wasn’t very gd. S if I want t paint fr a bk, I need t write ne n my wn.
W: S yu did.
M: Oh, the wman pinted t a painting I had dne. A little girl with the big red dg and she said maybe that’s the stry. And I went hme and ver that weekend I wrte the stry Cliffrd the Big Red Dg and I was shcked. It was accepted fr publicatin, because I never wrte anything befre.
W: I see hw wnderful.
M: Yes, it was. My wife was als in shck when she did realize it wasn’t a dream, but it was just luck.
W: But that luck turned int ninety Cliffrd bks.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
18. What is the talk mainly abut?
A. Lcal events.B. Disease cntrl.C. Gvernment services.
19. What is prhibited at present in Oxtn?
A. Watering gardens.B. Washing cars.C. Smking utdrs.
20. What des the speaker say abut the fire?
A. It destryed a building.B. It caused serius injuries.C. It was quickly put ut.
【答案】18. A 19. B 20. C
【解析】
【原文】M: This is Radi Oxtn. It’s ten ’clck and here is the lcal news. The ht, dry weather is still causing prblems. It hasn’t rained fr six weeks and water is in shrt supply. The plice have asked the lcal peple nt t water their gardens mre than nce a week. During the emergency perid, washing cars is cmpletely banned.
The temperature at 2 p.m. yesterday was a recrd 32 degrees. Hspitals have reprted a large number f cases caused by the extreme heat. Old peple and babies are mst at risk. Unfrtunately the weather frecast says the ht, dry weather will cntinue fr three r fur mre days. Wh says it always rains in England? There has been a small fire at Oxtn General Hspital. Mre than twenty patients were mved away frm part f the building as firemen went fr the fire.
The fire was nt serius. The firemen stpped it in a cuple f minutes and everything nw is back t nrmal. Well, that’s the news at ten ’clck. The next news will be in tw hurs at midday.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
A Hundred Hrses by Sarah Lean
Type: Mystery
Plt:
The wden hrse Nell brings alng during her visit t her aunt and cusins is stlen by a girl named Angel. As Nell finds ut Angel’s true identity, a bnd grws between them and a grup f 99 hrses. Wrd has it that the 100th hrse is magical. But where is it? Nell desn’t knw, but Angel might knw.
Targeted readers:
Kids wh like animals and nature will be sure t find this bk exciting.
Hw t Catch a Bgle by Catherine Jinks
Type: Fantasy
Plt:
Birdie is an rphan (孤儿) wh is gd at trapping mnsters with her singing vice. She is the nly gblin (小妖精) hunter in the wrld. When kids g missing, it’s up t her t figure ut why.
Targeted readers:
Anyne wh is lking fr mnsters will take great pleasure in this bk.
Ophelia and the Marvelus By by Karen Fxlee
Type: Fantasy
Plt:
When Ophelia mves t a strange city where it never stps snwing, she discvers a by lcked away fr 75 years in a museum. She must help the by befre the Snw Queen freezes the wrld. Alng the way, Ophelia learns hw t believe in things she cannt see.
Targeted readers:
Peple wh like fairy tales wuld enjy this bk.
I Even Funnier: A Middle Schl Stry by James Pattersn and Chris Grabenstein
Type: Fictin
Plt:
After a car accident Jamie lses his family, and then he mves in with his aunt, uncle and his cusin Stevie, whse basic aim is t trick Jamie. But Jamie cntinues having a psitive attitude and running after his gals. He was recently hnred with the Funniest Kid Cmic f New Yrk State.
Targeted readers:
This bk wuld be great fr anyne wh is fnd f humrus bks.
21. Which stry might fans f nature like?
A. A Hundred Hrses.B. Hw t Catch a Bgle.
C. Ophelia and the Marvelus By.D. I Even Funnier: A Middle Schl Stry.
22. Wh keeps ging even when life is hard?
A. Nell.B. Ophelia.C. Birdie.D. Jamie.
23. In which clumn f a newspaper can we find such a passage?
A. Culture.B. Business.C. Sprts.D. Literature.
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。这篇文章主要介绍了面向读者的四本书，分别是幻想类，疑案类，与小说类书籍。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据A Hundred Hrses中“Kids wh like animals and nature will be sure t find this bk exciting.(喜欢动物和大自然的孩子一定会发现这本书令人兴奋)”可知，A Hundred Hrses对于喜欢动物和自然的孩子们很有吸引力，故选A。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据I Even Funnier: A Middle Schl Stry中“After a car accident Jamie lses his family, and then he mves in with his aunt, uncle and his cusin Stevie, whse basic aim is t trick Jamie. But Jamie cntinues having a psitive attitude and running after his gals.(在一场车祸之后，杰米失去了他的家人，然后他搬去和他的阿姨，姨父和他的表弟史蒂夫住在一起，他们的基本目的是欺骗杰米。但杰米仍然保持着积极的态度，继续追求他的目标)”可知，Jamie在生活艰难的时候继续前进。故选D。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。根据这篇文章主要介绍了面向读者的四本书，分别是幻想类，疑案类与小说类书籍，推测会出现在文学版块中。故选D。
B
Sara Thmpsn shwed great effrt in getting a degree in teaching, smething that nt many students can d. She was very happy when she finished schl at the State University f New Yrk at Buffal, and she was the first in her big family t get a cllege degree.
Sara grew up with eight ther brthers and sisters n a farm in Buffal, New Yrk. Her dad had a jb that wasn’t n the farm, and her mm tk care f the farm with the kids. Upn graduating frm high schl, Sara went t a schl clse by t learn skills, and she wrked part-time t pay fr her classes because her family didn’t have extra mney fr cllege. After she finished that schl, she kept wrking t help her yunger brthers and sisters pay fr their educatin.
Nw, Sara is married and has three kids. She decided t g back t schl t get a better jb and t help her family better, while ding smething she really likes: teaching. She chse the prgram at the State University f New Yrk at Buffal because it was clse t her hme. She culd drive t her classes and be back hme in the evening t take care f her kids. Sara’s family helped her a lt while she was studying: her husband wrked extra jbs t pay fr things, and her mm, wh was 65, smetimes lked after the kids.
Even thugh it was hard, she did well in schl and graduated with gd grades. Sara had t give up sme things t reach her gal, like spending time with her kids and attending imprtant family events. “There were nights when it was very hard t chse between being with my kids and studying fr tests r writing papers,” she says. But her kids learned a lt frm seeing their mm get her degree. Sara is the first in her family t graduate frm cllege, and she is a great example fr her family — she shws that yu can d anything if yu wrk hard.
24. What did Sara d after high schl?
A. She wrked with her dad.B. She funded her wn educatin.
C. She managed the farm alne.D. She taught her brthers and sisters.
25. Why did Sara chse the Buffal prgram?
A. T save mney fr her family.B. T learn frm tp teachers.
C. T find a high-paying jb.D. T care fr her kids easily.
26. What did Sara give up fr her studies?
A. Her health.B. Her scial life.C. Her family time.D. Her career chances.
27. What’s the lessn we can learn frm Sara’s stry?
A. Effrt brings rewards.B. Time equals mney.
C. Lve vercmes all.D. Schling is key t success.
【答案】24. B 25. D 26. C 27. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Sara Thmpsn通过自身努力获得教学学位，成为家族中第一个大学毕业生，并为了家庭和孩子选择就近上学，最终成功毕业且给家人树立了榜样的故事。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Upn graduating frm high schl, Sara went t a schl clse by t learn skills, and she wrked part-time t pay fr her classes because her family didn’t have extra mney fr cllege.(高中毕业后，Sara去附近的一所学校学习技能，她兼职支付学费，因为她的家庭没有多余的钱供她上大学)”可知，Sara高中毕业后自己支付学费。故选B项。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“She chse the prgram at the State University f New Yrk at Buffal because it was clse t her hme. She culd drive t her classes and be back hme in the evening t take care f her kids.(她选择了纽约州立大学布法罗分校的课程，因为它离她家很近。她可以开车去上课，晚上回家照顾孩子)”可知，Sara选择布法罗项目是为了方便照顾孩子。故选D项。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Sara had t give up sme things t reach her gal, like spending time with her kids and attending imprtant family events.(Sara为了达成目标不得不放弃一些东西，比如和孩子相处以及参加重要的家庭活动)”可知，Sara为了学习放弃的是和家人相处的时间。故选C项。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“But her kids learned a lt frm seeing their mm get her degree. Sara is the first in her family t graduate frm cllege, and she is a great example fr her family — she shws that yu can d anything if yu wrk hard.(但她的孩子们从看到妈妈获得学位中学到了很多。Sara是家族中第一个大学毕业生，她是家人的好榜样——她表明，如果你努力，你可以做任何事)”可推知，从Sara的故事中我们可以学到努力就会带来回报。故选A项。
C
In the past few years, mst states have made it against the rules fr peple t type messages n their phnes while driving. They have als run many public campaigns t try t get peple t stp using their phnes when they are behind the wheel.
But the prblem seems t be getting wrse. Peple in the United States are still typing messages, using scial media, and taking pictures while driving. The number f car accidents, which had been ging dwn fr years, is nw ging up dramatically.
This is partly because peple are driving mre, but Mark Rsekind, the persn in charge f the Natinal Highway Traffic Safety Administratin, said that driving while nt paying attentin was “nly increasing, unfrtunately”.
An idea frm lawmakers in New Yrk is t give plice fficers a new device called the Textalyzer. It wuld wrk like this: An fficer arriving at the scene f a crash culd ask fr the phnes f the drivers and use the Textalyzer t check in the perating system fr recent activity. The technlgy culd determine whether a driver had just texted, emailed r dne anything else that is nt allwed under New Yrk’s hands-free driving laws.
“We need smething n the bks that can change peple’s behavir,” said Félix W. Ortiz, wh pushed fr the state’s 2001 ban n hand-held devices by drivers. “If the Textalyzer bill becmes law,” he added, “peple are ging t be mre afraid t put their hands n the smartphne.”
28. What is the best descriptin f the prhibitin n drivers’ texting in the US?
A. Demanding.B. Unsuccessful.C. Irregular.D. Unreasnable.
29. What can the Textalyzer help the plice find ut?
A. The driving speed.B. The driving destinatin.
C. Drivers n the phne.D. Drivers’ arrival time.
30. What des the underlined wrd “smething” in the last paragraph refer t?
A. Advice.B. Laws.C. Instructins.D. Knwledge.
31. What is Félix W. Ortiz’s attitude tward the Textalyzer?
A. Apprving. B. Indifferent. C. Dubtful. D. Unclear.
【答案】28. B 29. C 30. B 31. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了美国各州禁止司机开车时使用手机发短信的规定以及这一规定并未取得显著成效，同时介绍了纽约立法者提出的使用Textalyzer设备来检测司机开车时是否使用手机的新想法。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“In the past few years, mst states have made it against the rules fr peple t type messages n their phnes while driving.(在过去的几年里，大多数州都规定司机开车时用手机发短信是违法的)”和第二段中“But the prblem seems t be getting wrse. Peple in the United States are still typing messages, using scial media, and taking pictures while driving.(但这个问题似乎越来越严重。在美国，人们仍然在开车时打字、使用社交媒体和拍照)”可知，尽管美国大多数州都禁止司机开车时使用手机发短信，但这一问题并未得到解决，反而似乎越来越严重，由此可推断出，对美国禁止司机发短信的最好描述是“不成功的”。故选B项。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“An idea frm lawmakers in New Yrk is t give plice fficers a new device called the Textalyzer. It wuld wrk like this: An fficer arriving at the scene f a crash culd ask fr the phnes f the drivers and use the Textalyzer t check in the perating system fr recent activity. The technlgy culd determine whether a driver had just texted, emailed r dne anything else that is nt allwed under New Yrk’s hands-free driving laws. (纽约立法者的一个想法是给警察一种叫做Textalyzer的新设备。它的工作原理是这样的：到达事故现场的警察可以要求司机交出手机，并使用Textalyzer检查操作系统中的最近活动。这项技术可以确定司机是否刚刚发过短信、电子邮件或做过纽约免提驾驶法律不允许的其他任何事情)”可知，Textalyzer可以帮助警察检查司机的手机，确定司机是否在开车时进行了不允许的活动，如发短信或电子邮件等，由此可知，Textalyzer可以帮助警察找出“开车时使用手机的司机”。故选C项。
【30题详解】
词句猜测题。根据最后一段中“‘We need smething n the bks that can change peple’s behavir,’ said Félix W. Ortiz, wh pushed fr the state’s 2001 ban n hand-held devices by drivers. (我们需要一些书面上的东西来改变人们的行为，”Félix W. Ortiz说，他推动了该州2001年禁止司机使用手持设备的规定)”和“‘If the Textalyzer bill becmes law,’ he added, ‘peple are ging t be mre afraid t put their hands n the smartphne.’ (“如果Textalyzer法案成为法律，”他补充说，“人们将更害怕把手机拿在手里。”)”可知，Félix W. Ortiz提到需要一些书面上的内容来改变人们开车时使用手机的行为，并举例说如果Textalyzer法案成为法律，人们就会更害怕使用手机，由此可推断出，他所说的“smething”指的是能够约束人们行为的“法律”。故选B项。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中Félix W. Ortiz的话“‘If the Textalyzer bill becmes law,’ he added, ‘peple are ging t be mre afraid t put their hands n the smartphne.’ (“如果Textalyzer法案成为法律，”他补充说，“人们将更害怕把手机拿在手里。”)”可知，Félix W. Ortiz认为如果Textalyzer法案成为法律，人们就会更害怕使用手机。由此可推断出，他对Textalyzer持“支持”的态度。故选A项。
D
The advantages f physical activity are widely recgnized, and there’s an additinal benefit t add t the extensive list. Studies have uncvered that middle-aged wmen wh maintain a high level f physical fitness may reduce their risk f develping dementia (失智症) by nearly 90 percent in their later years. Mrever, if they d develp dementia, it is likely t ccur a decade later cmpared t less active wmen.
Dr. Helena Hrder frm the University f Gthenburg in Sweden, wh led the research, said, “These findings are exciting because it’s pssible that making peple’s cardivascular (心血管的) system fitter in middle age culd delay r even stp them frm getting dementia.”
In the research, 191 wmen with an average age f 50 did a bicycle exercise test until they were very tired t find ut their peak cardivascular capacity. The average peak wrklad was 103 watts. Out f these, 40 wmen qualified as highly fit, achieving a capacity f 120 watts r mre. Meanwhile, 92 wmen were categrized as mderately fit, and 59 were cnsidered t have a lw level f fitness, with a peak wrklad f 80 watts r less, r their tests were stpped due t health issues.
These wmen were later mnitred fr dementia six times in the next frty years. During this time, 44 wmen gt dementia. Only 5% f the highly fit wmen gt dementia, while 25% f the medium-fit wmen and 32% f the lw-fit wmen gt it.
“Nevertheless, this study des nt establish a causal relatinship between cardivascular fitness and dementia; it nly indicates a crrelatin,” Hrder nted. “Further research is necessary t determine if imprved fitness culd psitively influence the risk f dementia and t identify the mst critical perid in ne’s life fr maintaining a high fitness level.” She als acknwledged the study’s limitatins, including a small sample size and the fact that all participants were frm Sweden, which may limit the generalizability f the findings.
32. What additinal benefit is linked t high physical fitness in middle-aged wmen?
A. Imprved heart rate cntrl.B. Reduced dementia risk.
C. Superir athletic perfrmance.D. Absence f dementia risk.
33. Why did the researchers ask the wmen t d the bicycle exercise?
A. T change their exercise habits.B. T figure ut their highest heart rate.
C. T judge their cardivascular capacity.D. T detect their hidden health prblems.
34. What can we knw abut Dr. Hrder’s study?
A. Cllecting data tk a lng time.B. Sme participants left the study.
C. The results were quite satisfactry.D. It aimed t cure dementia effectively.
35. Which is the best title fr the passage?
A. Middle-Aged Wmen Need Mre ExerciseB. Mre Wmen Exercise t Avid Dementia
C. Biking Betters Wmen’s Cardivascular SystemD. Fit Wmen Are Less Likely t Have Dementia
【答案】32. B 33. C 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了研究发现中年女性保持高水平的身体锻炼可能会显著降低晚年患痴呆症的风险。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Studies have uncvered that middle-aged wmen wh maintain a high level f physical fitness may reduce their risk f develping dementia (失智症) by nearly 90 percent in their later years.(研究发现，保持高水平身体健康的中年女性在晚年患痴呆症的风险可能会降低近90%)”可知，中年妇女身体素质高可以降低痴呆风险。故选B。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“In the research, 191 wmen with an average age f 50 did a bicycle exercise test until they were very tired t find ut their peak cardivascular capacity.(在这项研究中，191名平均年龄为50岁的女性进行了一项自行车运动测试，直到她们非常疲劳，以找出她们的心血管能力峰值)”可知，研究人员要求这些女性做自行车锻炼是为了判断她们的心血管容量。故选C。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“These wmen were later mnitred fr dementia six times in the next frty years.(在接下来的40年里，这些女性被监测了6次是否患有痴呆症)”可知，研究收集数据花了很长时间。故选A。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Studies have uncvered that middle-aged wmen wh maintain a high level f physical fitness may reduce their risk f develping dementia (失智症) by nearly 90 percent in their later years. Mrever, if they d develp dementia, it is likely t ccur a decade later cmpared t less active wmen.(研究发现，保持高水平身体健康的中年女性在晚年患痴呆症的风险可能会降低近90%。此外，如果她们真的患上痴呆症，与不太活跃的女性相比，她们的发病时间可能要晚10年)”可知，文章主要讲述了研究发现中年女性保持高水平的身体锻炼可能会显著降低晚年患痴呆症的风险。由此可知，D选项“健康的女性患痴呆症的可能性更小”适合作本文最佳标题。故选D。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Making yurself interesting at a gathering is nt a hard jb, as is suggested by Jessica Hagy, writer f “Hw t Be Interesting”.
____36____, if yu are in a new place r visiting smene’s hme fr the first time. The main thing is t cme with a curius mind and try new things, like new fds and talking t new peple.
Almst everyne likes t talk abut his/ her wn lives. If yu start a cnversatin with a questin like “What is yur jb?”, it’s very likely t create an awkward silence. ____37____, it might lead t stries like “I came here in my ld car” r “I met funny peple n the bus.” This way, the cnversatin can g in many directins.
____38____ ? If yu can’t take away their drink, maybe yu can find a way t take away their chance t talk a lt. If yu are the ne hsting, yu culd ask them t help yu in the kitchen and mve them t a different place. ____39____.
And what abut when there’s n talking at a gathering? When there’s a quiet mment, the best way t get peple talking again is by saying smething nice abut the hst. ____40____. It is advisable t say, “This fd is really gd, and I want t knw hw yu made it.”
Thus, being interesting at a gathering is nt that difficult.
A. The first step is t g explring
B. If yu ask “Hw did yu cme here?”
C. Hw d yu knw the persn wh invited us
D. Be ready t talk t peple yu knw quite well
E. What abut thse wh drink t much r talk t much
F. He r she is the persn wh is feeling that awkwardness the mst
G. Or change the subject t smething they dn’t have much t say abut
【答案】36. A 37. B 38. E 39. G 40. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了如何在聚会上让自己变得有趣。
【36题详解】
根据后文“if yu are in a new place r visiting smene’s hme fr the first time. The main thing is t cme with a curius mind and try new things, like new fds and talking t new peple.(如果你是在一个新的地方或第一次拜访别人的家。最重要的是要有一个好奇的头脑，尝试新事物，比如新的食物，和新的人交谈)”可知，本段为第一个建议，且后文主要建议去拜访别人的家，即建议外出探索新事物。故A选项“第一步是去探索”符合语境，故选A。
【37题详解】
根据后文“it might lead t stries like “I came here in my ld car” r “I met funny peple n the bus.”(它可能会导致诸如“我开着我的旧车来这里”或“我在公共汽车上遇到了有趣的人”这样的故事)”可知，后文主要列举了关于如何来的问题是回答，即本句与乘坐交通工具有关。故B选项“如果你问‘Hw did yu cme here?’”符合语境，故选B。
【38题详解】
根据后文“If yu can’t take away their drink, maybe yu can find a way t take away their chance t talk a lt. If yu are the ne hsting, yu culd ask them t help yu in the kitchen and mve them t a different place.(如果你不能拿走他们的酒，也许你可以想办法拿走他们多说话的机会。如果你是主人，你可以让他们在厨房帮你，把他们移动到另一个地方)”可知，后文提到拿走对方的酒或者多说话的机会，即本句与遇到喝酒太多、说话太多的人有关。故E选项“那些喝得太多或话太多的人怎么办”符合语境，故选E。
【39题详解】
根据上文“If yu can’t take away their drink, maybe yu can find a way t take away their chance t talk a lt. If yu are the ne hsting, yu culd ask them t help yu in the kitchen and mve them t a different place.(如果你不能拿走他们的酒，也许你可以想办法拿走他们多说话的机会。如果你是主人，你可以让他们在厨房帮你，把他们移动到另一个地方)”可知，介绍了如何转移那些说太多话的人注意力的方法，下文没有给出内容，但是结合上下文语境，本空需要补充一个继续转移其注意力的方法，故G选项“或者把话题转移到他们没什么可说的事情上”符合语境，故选G。
【40题详解】
根据上文“And what abut when there’s n talking at a gathering? When there’s a quiet mment, the best way t get peple talking again is by saying smething nice abut the hst.(如果聚会上没人说话怎么办？在安静的时候，让人们重新说话的最好方法就是说一些主人的好话)”以及后文“It is advisable t say, “This fd is really gd, and I want t knw hw yu made it.”(你可以这样说：“这食物真的很好吃，我想知道你是怎么做的。”)”可知，上文描述了让聚会继续下去的一个方法，后文建议是在夸赞主人的食物好吃。由此可知，当聚会陷入安静时，主人应该会感到很尴尬，故F选项“他或她是最感到尴尬的人”符合语境，故选F。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One day, Bridget Willis rlled int a restaurant in a wheelchair. When she apprached the dr, the waiter Alex ____41____ her and led her t a table. During their cnversatin, Alex learned that the ld lady came here fr a special ____42____. Hwever, t Alex’s surprise, all she ____43____ were just tw apples, an item that was nt listed n the ____44____. Nevertheless, Alex went ut f his way t ____45____ her request.
Being ____46____ by her unusual behavir, Alex decided t reprt the matter t the bss, Jack Hlt. He came t the dining area, and was ____47____ when he saw the wman sitting there, biting an apple.
“It can’t be…” Jack whispered as ____48____ flded back… Bridget was the bus driver wh used t take him t schl when he was ten. They develped a great ____49____. Jack always brught her apples frm his hme, and they shared the apples during the few minutes they were alne n the bus. Hwever, everything _____50_____ ne day.
That day Bridget _____51_____ the bus after she tld the kids t stay in the bus as she thught smething was wrng with the frnt wheel. But Jack insisted n being in _____52_____ with Bridget. While _____53_____ the bus’s wheels n the radside tgether, they heard the screech (刺耳的声音) f tires. Nticing a car mving fast twards them, Bridget _____54_____ pushed Jack away. Unfrtunately, the crash _____55_____ t Bridget being struck by the car.
With tears in their eyes, bth were happy t see each ther after a lng separatin.
41. A. watchedB. helpedC. leftD. ignred
42. A. interviewB. tipC. reasnD. psitin
43. A. rderedB. grabbedC. bughtD. ffered
44. A. guaranteeB. menuC. brchureD. instructin
45. A. cpyB. repeatC. makeD. satisfy
46. A. amazedB. annyedC. puzzledD. delighted
47. A. shckedB. amusedC. inspiredD. embarrassed
48. A. regretsB. memriesC. happinessD. srrw
49. A. cnnectinB. understandingC. disagreementD. strategy
50. A. lstB. imprvedC. happenedD. changed
51. A. waited frB. bardedC. gt ffD. drve
52. A. harmnyB. cmpetitinC. agreementD. cmpany
53. A. defendingB. transfrmingC. strikingD. examining
54. A. seriuslyB. cnstantlyC. quicklyD. casually
55. A. ledB. pintedC. addedD. related
【答案】41. B 42. C 43. A 44. B 45. D 46. C 47. A 48. B 49. A 50. D 51. C 52. D 53. D 54. C 55. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述坐着轮椅的Bridget Willis来到一家餐厅点了菜单上没有的两个苹果，餐厅老板出来查看时发现她就是以前因救自己而遭遇车祸的公交车司机的故事。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她走近门口时，服务员Alex帮助她，把她领到一张桌子旁。A. watched观看；B. helped帮助；C. left离开；D. ignred忽视。根据上文“Bridget Willis rlled int a restaurant in a wheelchair(Bridget Willis坐着轮椅来到一家餐厅)”和空后“led her t a table”可知，Alex帮助行动不便的Bridget。故选B。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他们的谈话中，Alex得知老太太来这里有一个特殊的原因。A. interview采访，面试；B. tip小费，建议；C. reasn原因；D. psitin位置。根据最后一段“With tears in their eyes, bth were happy t see each ther after a lng separatin.(两人眼中都含着泪水，久别重逢，两人都很高兴)”可知，Bridge来这里是为了和故人重逢，故此处指“老太太是为了一个特别的原因来到这里”。故选C。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，令Alex惊讶的是，她只点了两个苹果，这是菜单上没有列出的东西。A. rdered点（酒菜等）；B. grabbed抓住；C. bught购买；D. ffered提供。根据上文“Bridget Willis rlled int a restaurant”和空后的“tw apples”可知，此处指在餐厅点餐。故选A。
【44题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. guarantee保证；B. menu菜单；C. brchure手册；D. instructin用法说明。根据语境以及“tw apples”可知，此处指苹果是菜单上没有的东西。故选B。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，Alex还是尽力满足了她的要求。A. cpy复制；B. repeat重复；C. make制作；D. satisfy满足。“Nevertheless”表示转折，结合下文“the wman sitting there, biting an apple”提到Bridget在吃苹果可知，此处指虽然苹果不在菜单上，但是Alex尽力满足她的要求。故选D。
【46题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Alex对她不寻常的行为感到困惑，他决定把这件事报告给老板Jack Hlt。A. amazed吃惊的；B. annyed恼怒的；C. puzzled困惑的；D. delighted高兴的。根据“her unusual behavir”可知，Alex对她不寻常的行为感到困惑。故选C。
【47题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他来到用餐区，当他看到那个女人坐在那里咬着一个苹果时，他惊呆了。A. shcked震惊的；B. amused好笑的，逗乐的；C. inspired受到鼓舞的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。根据“It can’t be...”可知，Jack觉得大为震惊。故选A。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“不可能……”Jack小声说，回忆如潮水般涌上心头……A. regrets遗憾；B. memries回忆；C. happiness快乐；D. srrw悲伤。根据下文“when he was ten”可知，Jack回忆过去的事情。故选B。
【49题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们建立了很好的联系。A. cnnectin联系；B. understanding理解；C. disagreement分歧；D. strategy策略。根据“Jack always brught her apples frm his hme, and they shared the apples during the few minutes they were alne n the bus.(Jack总是从家里给她带苹果来，他们在公共汽车上单独相处的几分钟里一起分享苹果)”可知，两人建立了很好的联系。故选A。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，有一天一切都变了。A. lst失去；B. imprved提高；C. happened发生；D. changed改变。下文“Unfrtunately, the crash ____15____ t Bridget being struck by the car.”提到Bridget被车撞到，故此处指事情发生了变化。故选D。
【51题详解】
考查动词（短语）辨析。句意：那天，Bridget告诉孩子们待在车上，因为她认为前轮出了问题，于是她下了车。A. waited fr等待；B. barded上船（或飞机、汽车、公共汽车等）；C. gt ff下车；D. drve开车。根据“she thught smething was wrng with the frnt wheel”以及“While ____13____ the bus’s wheels n the radside”可知，Bridget认为前轮出了问题，她应是下车检查。故选C。
【52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是Jack坚持要和Bridget在一起。A. harmny和谐；B. cmpetitin竞争；C. agreement同意；D. cmpany陪伴。下文“While ____13____ the bus’s wheels n the radside tgether”和“Bridget ____14____ pushed Jack away”提到他们一起在路边，发生车祸时Bridget推开了Jack，说明Jack坚持要陪Bridget一起下车。故选D。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他们一起在路边检查公共汽车的轮子时，他们听到了轮胎的刺耳声。A. defending防御；B. transfrming转变；C. striking撞击；D. examining检查。根据上文“she thught smething was wrng with the frnt wheel”可知，Bridget认为前轮有问题，应是在路边检查车轮。故选D。
【54题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：Bridget注意到一辆汽车正快速向他们驶来，她赶紧推开Bridget。A. seriusly严重地；B. cnstantly不断地；C. quickly快速地；D. casually随意地。根据“Nticing a car mving fast twards them”可知，一辆汽车快速驶来，Bridget应快速推开Jack。故选C。
【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，这次撞车导致Bridget被困住。A. led导致；B. pinted指向；C. added增加；D. related联系。上文提到Bridget坐轮椅，故此处指“这次撞车导致Bridget被困住”。故选A。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Li Bai’s lve f reading and travelling frm an early age cntributed t his rmantic style. By reading bks f all kinds frm legends t histrical stries, he familiarized ____56____ (he) with classical Chinese culture, and mre imprtantly, he acquired the ____57____ (wise) f previus generatins. Even the mst uninfrmed reader wuld nt fail ____58____ (impress) by the pet’s rich imaginatin. The mn and stars in the sky, the natural landscape and the ____59____ (figure) in legends all becme a vehicle fr his imaginatin. Equally impressive is Li Bai’s free expressin f strng feelings, ____60____ breathes vitality int the lifeless bjects he describes, and which distinguishes him ____61____ ther landscape pets. These features are inseparable frm Li Bai’s wide use f exaggeratin, metaphr and ther artistic techniques.
With his extrardinary imaginatin, free expressin f strng feelings and mastery f language, Li Bai is ____62____ (wide) recgnized as the greatest rmantic pet after Qu Yuan. Generatins f pets, bth in China ____63____ abrad, we a debt t his inspiratinal pems. One such pet is Ezra Pund, a 20th-century American pet. He ____64____ (fascinate) by Li Bai’s pems and translated sme f them in his 1915 petry cllectin _____65_____ (entitle) Cathay. Tday Li Bai’s petry cntinues t be enjyed by cuntless readers arund the wrld.
【答案】56. himself
57. wisdm 58. t be impressed
59. figures
60. which 61. frm
62. widely 63. and
64. was fascinated
65. entitled
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了李白的浪漫主义风格形成的原因以及影响力。
【56题详解】
考查代词。句意：通过阅读各种各样的书籍，从传说到历史故事，他熟悉了中国古典文化，更重要的是，他获得了前人的智慧。短语familiarize neself with表示“熟悉……”，空处作宾语，与主语表示一个人，用反身代词。故填himself。
【57题详解】
考查名词。句意：通过阅读各种各样的书籍，从传说到历史故事，他熟悉了中国古典文化，更重要的是，他获得了前人的智慧。作动词的宾语用名词wisdm，故填wisdm。
【58题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：即使是最无知的读者也会被这位诗人丰富的想象力所打动。此处为短语fail t d sth.，reader且impress与构成被动关系，故用t be dne形式。故填t be impressed。
【59题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：天上的月亮和星星，自然景观和传说中的人物都成为他想象的载体。此处表示泛指，应用复数形式。故填figures。
【60题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：同样令人印象深刻的是李白对强烈感情的自由表达，使他所描绘的无生命的物体充满活力，这是他与其他风景诗人的区别。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰上文句子，从句缺少主语，故填which。
【61题详解】
考查介词。句意：同样令人印象深刻的是李白对强烈感情的自由表达，使他所描绘的无生命的物体充满活力，这是他与其他风景诗人的区别。短语distinguish…frm…表示“将……与……进行区别”。故填frm。
【62题详解】
考查副词。句意：李白以其非凡的想象力，自由表达强烈的情感和对语言的掌握，被公认为是继屈原之后最伟大的浪漫主义诗人。修饰动词recgnize应用副词widely，故填widely。
【63题详解】
考查连词。句意：他的鼓舞人心的诗歌，深受国内外一代又一代诗人的喜爱。此处前后文为并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。
【64题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：他被李白的诗迷住了，并在1915年的诗集《华夏集》中翻译了其中的一些诗。主语He与谓语构成被动关系，根据后文in his 1915可知为一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填was fascinated。
【65题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他被李白的诗迷住了，并在1915年的诗集《华夏集》中翻译了其中的一些诗。此处cllectin与entitle构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填entitled。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
66. 你校正在组织英语作文比赛，请以“中国中学生近视问题”为主题，写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1．近视问题现状；
2．分析主要原因；
3．提出有效策略
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】范文
The Issue f Mypia Amng Chinese Middle Schl Students
Currently, the issue f mypia, r nearsightedness, amng Chinese middle schl students is alarming. A significant prtin f students nw wear glasses, reflecting a rising trend in visin prblems.
This prevalent issue can be attributed mainly t excessive screen time and inadequate utdr activities. Additinally, the lack f expsure t natural light, which is beneficial t eye health, exacerbates the prblem.
T address this cncern, schls and parents shuld encurage mre utdr activities and limit screen time. Regular eye exercises and prper lighting cnditins during study hurs can als be effective measures.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以“中国中学生近视问题”为主题，写一篇短文投稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
解决：address→slve
主要：mainly→mstly
使恶化：exacerbate→aggravate/deterirate
缺乏、不足的：inadequate→deficient
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：A significant prtin f students nw wear glasses, reflecting a rising trend in visin prblems.
拓展句：A significant prtin f students nw wear glasses, which reflects a rising trend in visin prblems.
【点睛】[高分句型1] A significant prtin f students nw wear glasses, reflecting a rising trend in visin prblems. (运用了现在分词作状语)
[高分句型2] Additinally, the lack f expsure t natural light, which is beneficial t eye health, exacerbates the prblem.(运用了which引导非限制性定语从句)
第二节（满分25分）
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A GIFT FOR GRANDPA
Summer vacatin was cming. Andy and his brther Berlin were filled with excitement as they thught f visiting their grandparents again.
The big day came at last. After the happy family gt ready, they set ut fr the grandparents’ eagerly. On the way, the brthers were excitedly talking abut the fun they had with grandparents.
A little blue huse with a tall white chimney finally appeared. Behind the huse was the frest carrying their gd memries with Grandpa. They arrived at the driveway, at the end f which Grandma was waiting fr them jyfully.
Andy and Berlin each gave Grandma a big hug and then swept t the living rm, shuting excitedly “Grandpa, we are back!”
Seeing his grandsns, Grandpa was wild with jy and tried t get up with all his strength frm the chair but in vain. A helpless expressin flashed n his face. Grandma explained that his health was declining rapidly and maybe culdn’t stand up n his wn frever. But Grandpa declared stubbrnly (倔强地), “I can!” Certainly, he was stuck in his byish way. Mum and grandparents were happy t meet again after a lng time. They sat tgether and chatted abut what happened recently.
The brthers were sn bred with adult cnversatin, went ut and wandered int the frest. Tall trees stretched up t the heavens with large branches crssing each ther, while yung nes rse straight like sldiers. Grandpa was nce an intelligent explrer. He culd tell where the birds came frm nly by their calls and sngs. The trees, birds, lizards, lts f bugs… Hw many merry mments they spent with Grandpa in the kingdm!
But nw Grandpa culdn’t get up. This made them wrried. “We’d think ut a way t cheer him up.” Andy said. “Grandpa is a bird lver, and we can catch him a bird.” Berlin suggested. “But he hates birds being caged!” Andy shk his head.
Then a bright idea came t Andy’s mind. “Why nt make a cane (拐杖) ut f a yung tree!”
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Berlin thught it was a gd idea.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Andy and Berlin handed the cane t Grandpa.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Berlin thught it was a gd idea. With the tls fetched frm the backyard, they returned t the frest t search fr an apprpriate yung tree fr a cane. Hardly had they selected ne when they gt started with their BIG PROJECT. Andy, the elder brther, tk n the jb f cutting it dwn, while Berlin, wh was yunger and mre creative, was respnsible fr decratin. Hard as it might seem t them, they never thught abut quitting. After what seemed a lng time, an elegant and tugh cane appeared. Bth f them were mre than satisfied with their wrk and culdn’t wait t rush hme.
Andy and Berlin handed the cane t Grandpa. The instant he saw it he knew what it was all abut. Deeply tuched by the grandsns’ gift, he tk it with great excitement and tapped it n the grund several times. Obviusly, he attempted t stand up with it. With the encuragement f the tw brthers, he struggled t get up, slwly walking twards the frest. A cheerful and jyful expressin, which Andy and Berlin had expected f Grandpa, flashed n his face. It was at that mment that they literally felt all the effrts t make the cane were all wrth it.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述Andy和弟弟Berlin暑假去看望他们的祖父母，爷爷奶奶看到他们欣喜若狂，但是爷爷不能站起来了，这让他们很担心。所以在森林闲逛时，Andy提出给爷爷做一根手杖。
【详解】1. 段落续写
①由第一段首句内容“Berlin认为这是个好主意。”可知，本段可以写兄弟俩如何做手杖。
②由第一段首句内容“Andy和Berlin把手杖递给爷爷。”可知，本段可以写爷爷受到手杖后的反应。
2. 续写线索：兄弟俩找做手杖的工具——他们开始制作——制作完成——送给爷爷——爷爷激动——爷爷努力站起来走向森林——兄弟俩认为努力都值得
3. 词类激活
行为类
①挑选：select/pick up
②放弃：quit/give up
③试图做某事：attempt t d/make an attempt t d
情绪类
①满意：satisfied/cntent
②兴奋：excitement/thrill
【点睛】【高分句型1】Andy, the elder brther, tk n the jb f cutting it dwn, while Berlin, wh was yunger and mre creative, was respnsible fr decratin. (运用了wh引导的非限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】Hard as it might seem t them, they never thught abut quitting. (运用了as引导的让步状语从句的倒装结构)
【高分句型3】It was at that mment that they literally felt all the effrts t make the cane were all wrth it.（运用了强调句型）