【学业水平测试】专题16 完形填空（知识梳理+考点精讲精练+实战训练）-2025年高中英语学业水平合格性考试总复习（全国通用）.zip

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1. 熟悉文化常识、形成语言意识和思维品质
2. 掌握答题技巧，明确答题步骤
3. 熟悉语篇结构，根据句内层次、句组层次和语篇层次答题
（一）逻辑关系的多层面体现
重要性贯穿始终：逻辑关系在完形填空中起着核心支撑作用，无论是理解文章的行文脉络，还是精准判断各个空格处应填的词汇，都离不开对逻辑关系的准确把握，它是顺利解答完形填空的关键所在。
不同层面的关联：逻辑关系体现在多个层面，包括句中、句间以及段间，各层面相互影响、协同作用，共同构建起文章完整的语义逻辑网络。准确识别这些不同层面的逻辑关系，能够帮助我们从微观到宏观全方位地理解文章，进而提高答题的准确性。
（二）各层面逻辑关系要点
句中逻辑关系：
关键线索词作用：句子内部常常通过一些特定的线索词来展现逻辑关系，像 “and” 这类并列连词等，它们是我们分析句内逻辑、推断空格选项的重要依据。
逻辑对应分析：要善于观察句子各成分之间的逻辑对应情况，例如在涉及并列关系时，并列部分对应的修饰词等往往存在一定逻辑关联，通过分析这种关联，能筛选出符合逻辑的正确选项，就如在有关维生素成分的例句中，根据并列成分与修饰词的对应关系确定答案。
句间逻辑关系：
借助关系词体现：句子与句子之间的逻辑关系通常会通过如转折、让步、递进、因果等明确的逻辑关系词来呈现，这使得逻辑关系较为直观可辨，我们需要敏锐捕捉这些词来把握句间逻辑走向。
语义转折与对比：像在描述不同对待工人方式的例句中，通过前后句语义的对比，能清晰判断出是转折关系，进而依据这种关系选择合适的逻辑衔接词来体现文意变化，帮助理解上下文和确定答案。
段间逻辑关系：
段落衔接的逻辑重点：段落之间的衔接处往往蕴含着重要的逻辑关系，尤其要关注在新段落开头体现出的与上一段落的逻辑联系，这对于整体把握文章的结构和发展脉络至关重要。
转折关系的常见体现：很多时候，段间会呈现出如转折这样的逻辑关系，通过对前后段核心语义的对比分析，能发现逻辑意义上的相反情况，以此来确定体现这种逻辑关系的相应词汇，如在阐述对某一进程看法的例句中，依据两段语义相反确定转折关系词。
（三）解题对逻辑关系的运用
识别与判断：答题时要首先学会精准识别不同位置、不同形式呈现的逻辑关系，培养对逻辑关联词、语义逻辑变化的敏感度，这是利用逻辑关系解题的基础前提。
依据逻辑推理答案：一旦确定了逻辑关系，就要顺着这种逻辑线索，结合文章语境、已知信息等进行合理的推理分析，从选项中找出最能契合相应逻辑关系、使文章语义连贯顺畅的答案，让逻辑关系成为我们攻克完形填空难题的有力武器。
（一）常见逻辑关系及示例
1. 因果关系：
关联词：如 because, s, as a result 等；也存在隐性因果关系情况。
示例：2019 年全国卷 1 中，因每年很多人尝试攀登乞力马扎罗山，所以他们带来大量垃圾，破坏了地方美景，相应题目依据此因果联系作答。2017 年北京卷里，根据男人无家可归且饥饿的原因，推出看到男人从垃圾桶捡食物吃的结果。
2. 条件关系：
关联词：常见的有 if, unless, n cnditin that 等。
示例：2014 年江西卷里，“如果我能让你和父亲感觉好一点儿” 与 “Brett 能过来吗” 构成条件与结果关系，用 if 引导。2016 年北京卷中，由 “如果疾病袭击镇子” 这一条件，推知 “孩子们会很无助” 的结果。
3. 让步关系：
关联词：介词类如 despite，in spite f, regardless f 等；连词类有 thugh，althugh，as，while，even if, even thugh 等。
示例：2016 年天津卷中，根据主句 “一个人拥有的最大财富是内心”，可推知空格所在句 “虽然技巧和天赋能带来巨大成功” 的意思，用 Althugh 引导。2013 年重庆卷里，依据 thugh 体现的让步关系，从 “尽管她尽力让孩子们集中注意力” 推出雷声吸引了孩子们注意力这一情况。
4. 转折关系：
关联词：常见的有 hwever, but, n the cntrary 等。
示例：2016 年全国 Ⅱ 卷中，“我被命名为最有价值的运动员” 与 “我常做恶梦被责备” 是转折关系，用 but 连接。2016 年北京卷里，“韦尔奇医生迫切需要药品” 与 “最近的药品供应站距离远” 为转折关系，选 Hwever。
5. 对比关系：
关联词：常见的有 while, whereas, nt….. but, instead 等。
示例：2017 年新课标 Ⅰ 卷中，“安静不是不令人愉快的” 和 “如果有口语交流，会让我们学的手语更少” 形成对比关系，用 Instead 连接。2012 年全国 Ⅰ 卷里，“北欧人不喜欢身体接触” 与 “拉丁美洲人身体接触较多” 构成对比关系，用 n the ther hand 体现。
6. 并列关系：
表现形式：通过并列连词 and 或 nt nly…but als 等连接，可为同近义并列或反义并列。
示例：2017 年新课标 Ⅱ 卷中，根据并列连词 and 以及前句中的 fun，结合后句的 saddest，判断两分句为反义并列，从而选出答案。2016 年天津卷里，依据 “and praise their accmplishments” 可推知与之并列的是为某人鼓劲加油的表达，进而确定选项。
7. 递进关系：
关联词：常见的有 even, besides, what’s mre 等。
示例：2015 年全国 II 卷中，“她们表现得很有进攻性” 与 “还进了一球” 是递进关系，用 even 体现。2014 年湖南卷里，“熨烫衣服说明我还有某种强项” 与 “通过熨烫衣服学会解决最难问题的方法” 是递进关系，选 Besides。
8. 解释关系：
解释方式：可通过某些动词（如 mean, be 和 suggest 等）、符号（破折号，冒号和括号等）或者关联词（如 fr example/instance, namely 等）来进行解释说明。
示例：2017 年北京卷中，由 fr example 可知前后句为解释关系，后句提到获奖，所以前句 51 空应表示 “奖励” 相关意思。2016 年北京卷里，空后的句子对前面 “是旅途中最危险的一部分” 进行了解释说明。
9. 顺序关系：
关联词：常见的有 t begin with, first f all, first (ly), secnd (ly), then, next, in the end, finally, last but nt least 等；顺序关系有时存在于上下段或上下文之间。
示例：2017 年新课标 Ⅱ 卷中，根据 “在本学年结束之前，我给孩子们一份特别礼物” 的语境，依据顺序关系确定选项。2016 江苏卷里，由信号词 then 体现的顺序关系，结合语境推出最后微笑着说话的情况，确定答案。
10. 时间关系：
引导词：常由 when, while, after, befre, as sn as 等引导时间状语从句。
示例：2016 年北京卷中，根据从句意 “当他把药给下一位赶狗拉雪橇的人的时候，Shannn 的脸因极度寒冷而冻得发黑”，判定用 When 引导，体现时间关系。2017 年江苏卷里，根据前后句语境，判断是学音乐的学生要比规定到校时间早到校练习，用 befre 引导。
（二）解题原则
1. 语义优先于语法原则：文章开头一般介绍短文相关内容，单纯语法题很少。答题不能只按语法规则选答案，要先理解文章大意，再结合语言结构判断空格选项，因几乎每个选项都可能符合语法规则。
2. 词内选项句内找原则：近义词或词组辨析是考试热点，若四个选项词义相近，需根据上下文语境选择；若词义相差悬殊，上文或下文通常有答题提示，有时需读完全文才能回答首个空格。
3. 四遍法原则：
第一遍：跳过空格通读全文，了解体裁、大意，同时填出一眼能看出答案的题目。
第二遍：关键步骤，逐个推敲空格，按先易后难原则，不确定的先跳过。
第三遍：通篇考虑，填好上下文联系强、涉及段与段逻辑关系的较难空格。
第四遍：检查，再通读全文，从整体把握文章意思，修正不合适的选项。
（三）答题妙招
1. 跳读首尾句进行预测：高考完形填空首、尾句通常不挖空，通过跳读可判断体裁、猜想文章内容。首句常交代关键信息、点明主题，尾句多是主题总结，对理解全文有重要启示作用。
2. 利用语法分析解题：部分题目考查语法项目，可运用平时所学词汇知识，分析单词（组）使用范围、动词及物不及物情况，借助句子结构、句式特点等衡量选项，排除干扰项。
3. 利用固定搭配解题：考查词汇知识体现在习惯用法和同义词、近义词辨析两方面。要掌握习惯用法，同时提升词汇量、词语搭配及辨析能力，尤其要能在特定语境灵活运用，根据固定搭配确定答案。
4. 利用固定句型解题：掌握一些固定句型有助于确定题目答案，熟悉如 “It wasn’t lng befre…” 这类常用句型的用法和含义，结合语境准确答题。
5. 利用复现信息解题：语篇存在原词复现、同义词和反义词复现、上义词和下义词复现、概括词复现和代词复现等情况，以及词汇和结构同现现象，可利用这些寻找解题信息。
6. 利用跳读法解题：先确定相对简单的空格答案，再逐个突破其他较难空格，跳过不易得出答案的题目，避免按题号顺序依次答题。
7. 巧用排除法解题：不能直接确定答案时，可结合排除法与词汇、语法分析，缩小选择范围，排除不符合题意的选项，提高答题正确率。
8. 利用逻辑关系解题：
句中逻辑关系：通过句子内部的逻辑线索词，如并列、对应等关系来推断选项，使选项逻辑意义与文中线索相符。
句间逻辑关系：借助转折、让步、递进、因果等逻辑关系词体现的句与句之间的逻辑联系，或者从篇章层面把握逻辑关系来解题。
段间逻辑关系：关注段落之间衔接体现的逻辑关系，通常在第二段首句等位置体现与前段的逻辑关联来确定答案。
9. 巧用背景常识解题：当文章信息不足时，结合头脑中的文化背景和生活常识答题，依据主题猜测细节，从重复出现词语中体会文章氛围，简化答题过程。
10. 利用对比结构解题：对比结构将对立事物或同一事物不同方面并列对比，利用这种关系，根据已知对比部分推断出设空处的答案。
11. 利用平行结构解题：平行结构形式整齐、内容关联、语法一致，根据其句式相似及意义关联或对比的特点，确定与平行部分对应的答案选项。
12. 利用暗示和对应解题：做题要有全局观念，注重前后句意思联系，难选之处前后多有暗示，多为后面暗示前面，依据这种暗示与对应关系合理推理判断答案。
13. 根据文章的感情色彩解题：通读时寻找反映语境褒贬性的标志性词汇或句子，它们对选择体现相同感情色彩的选项起引导作用，依据文章用词的感情倾向确定答案。
14. 综合利用各种线索解题：从文章字里行间寻找书写和形态变化线索、词汇线索、句法线索、社会文化线索等，利用这些线索猜测、判断，准确答题。
（四）练习方法和提高途径
培养良好阅读习惯：
以意群、语义为单位阅读，避免逐词逐句认读。
借助视觉扫读，摒弃手指唇动或无声心读方式。
阅读时一气呵成，减少频繁回读。
直接理解原文，不要逐词逐句心译。
利用上下文和构词法猜测生词、推测句意，不频繁查词典。
逐步扩大视距，进行纵式快速阅读，而非横式赏析细读。
例题精练，举一反三
因果关系
Every year abut 40000 peple attempt t climb Kilimanjar, the highest muntain in Africa. They __41 with them lts f waste. The 42 might damage the beauty f the place.
41.A. keep B．mix C．cnnect D．Bring
42.A. stries B．buildings C．crwds D．reprters
They saw a man_____36_____ut f a garbage can. She asked her mther why he did that and her mther said that the man was hmeless and hungry.
A. jumping B．eating C．crying D．waving
条件关系
“I can help, Mum！” James said. “44 I can make yu and Dad feel better, can Brett cme ver? Please？”
A. As B．If C．Since D．Befre
The children f Nme wuld be 37 if it (a deadly infectius disease mainly affecting children) struck the twn. Dr. Welch needed medicine as sn as pssible t stp ther kids frm getting sick.
A. harmless B．helpless C．fearless D．careless
条件关系
Lking arund, he cntinued, “Cathy has inspired us with her will and enthusiasm. 33 skills and talents bring great success, the mst valuable asset (财富) ne can hld is the heart.”
A. Althugh B．Since C．Once D．Because
Hard thugh she tried t make the kids 40， the thunder wn the battle fr their attentin.
40．A. cncentrate B.change C．hide D．sit
转折关系
We went 10—1 and I was named mst valuable player, 48 I ften had crazy dreams in which I was t blame fr Miller’s accident.
A. and B．then C．but D．thus
Dr. Welch needed medicine as sn as pssible t stp ther kids frm getting sick. 38, the clsest supply was ver 1, 000 miles away, in Anchrage.
A. Mrever B．Therefre C．Otherwise D．Hwever
The lessns they learned may nt be 40 what they wuld have gtten in schl，but are certainly mre persnal and meaningful，because they had t wrk them ut n their wn.
40．A. harmful t B．mixed with C．different frm D．applied t
对比关系
The prfessr was deaf and any talking was prhibited. I sn realized that the silence was nt unpleasant.58, if there had been any talking, it wuld have caused us t learn less.
A. Lastly B．Thus C．Instead D．Hwever
Nrthern Eurpeans usually d nt like having bdily cntact (接触) even with friends, certainly nt with strangers. Peple frm Latin American cuntries，45, tuch each ther quite a lt.
A. in ther wrds B．n the ther hand C．in a similar way D．By all means
并列关系
Freddy was an average student, but nt an average persn. He had the rare balance f fun and cmpassin（同情）. He wuld laugh the ludest ver fun and be the saddest ver anyne’s_____46_____.
A. misfrtune B．disbelief C．dishnesty D．mistake
Then came the final awards ceremny at the end f the year. Cathy didn’t expect any award but was still there t 30 her friends and praise their accmplishments.
A. cheer n B．cmpete with C．respnd t D．run after
递进关系
They had begun t integrate (融合) the kinds f play and teamwrk they had seen the day befre int their game. They played aggressively and 36 scred a gal.
B.still C.seldm D.again
Whatever failures I suffer in my life, an irned shirt tells me I am gd at smething. 46, thrugh irning I've learned the methd fr slving even the mst trublesme prblems.
A. Instead B．Besides C．Otherwise D．Hwever
解释关系
In the mre than five years since Hannah began her activities, she has received a lt f 51. Fr example, she received the 2007 BRICK Award recgnizing the effrts f yung peple t change the wrld.
A. praises B．invitatins C．replies D．appintments
On January 31, a musher named Seppala had t crss a frzen bdy f water called Nrtn Sund. It was the mst_____48_____ part f the jurney. Nrtn Sund was cvered with ice, which culd smetimes break up withut warning. If that happened, Seppala might fall int the icy water belw.
A. shameful B．bring C．dangerus D．flish
顺序关系
In 1973, I was teaching elementary schl. Each day, 27 kids entered “The Thinking Labratry.”… Befre the schl year_____47_____, I gave the kids a special gift, …
A. changed B．apprached C．returned D．ended
A
（2024高一下·甘肃兰州·学业考试）Respnsibility is the gd character f human race. Hwever, in this wrld, few peple have self-esteem, self-cnfidence, enterprising, cmpassin, perseverance, filial piety and kindness.
The faucet (旋塞) has many uses: t prvide water 1 the peple. 2 , sme peple will turn n the faucet and are unwilling t turn it ff.
In the schl, there are many classmates littering. This is a bad behavir. Littering garbage back t pllute the envirnment, making the campus unclean.
It is 3 that there is a yung man studying in the United States 4 has gd grades in schl and is als very smart and capable. After graduatin, he thught he culd find a gd jb with his knwledge and ability. Hwever, he went t many cmpanies and 5 rejected. When he asked 6 he was rejected, the reply he gt was: Althugh yu are very talented, yu escaped the ticket 3 times. My cmpany is 7 have talents and gd quality such as integrity (正直). This is als a 8 .
D what yu can d by yurself. The tasks assigned (分配) t yu by the teacher 9 be dne t the best f yur ability.
When yu see a very 10 persn, yu will 11 think abut his miserable life r cntinue t weave him in the future. This is yur kind 12 . If yu get a failing test paper, yu will definitely push all the respnsibilities t the teacher. It’s nt right 13 this time. It’s 14 yu dn’t study hard t fail the exam.
Classmates, let’s 15 actin! Let us reinvigrate (使再振作) and change ur bad ailments, nt t litter and s n. Then, we can becme a mdern little citizen with a sense f respnsibility.
1．A．tB．withC．frD．frm
2．A．ButB．HweverC．AndD．While
3．A．saidB．sayC．speakD．spken
4．A．whereB．thatC．whileD．wh
5．A．wasB．isC．wereD．are
6．A．hwB．whatC．whyD．that
7．A．frB．withC．tD．frm
8．A．blameB．respnsibilityC．dutyD．nus
9．A．mayB．shuldC．canD．must
10．A．miserableB．pityC．richD．nasty
11．A．decidelyB．ruefulC．cmmiserativeD．definitely
12．A．cmpassinB．cncernC．slicitudeD．feeling
13．A．nB．inC．atD．fr
14．A．thatB．becaueC．whyD．were
15．A．putB．takeC．inD．up
B
（2024高一下·广东佛山·学业考试）I was sixty-eight years ld and retired when ur church (教堂) jined a prisn service grup. We went n a tur f the wmen prisn (监狱). The metal drs gave me a sense f 16 . I knew I culdn’t stand being lcked behind thse drs, 17 as a vlunteer wh knew she was getting ut.
Then Marg, a yung but experienced vlunteer in the prisn, 18 me t be her partner. She felt she culd 19 the wmen by speaking t their needs. Her psitive attitude slwly built my 20 , and I accepted her invitatin.
Later, Marg and I scheduled ur first visit. 21 , when we arrived at the prisn, the wmen 22 t cme ut as they were watching TV. And when I arrived the next week fr the secnd visit, I was tld Marg culdn’t 23 ! Hw was I suppsed t deal with them when she was absent? Waiting alne 24 , I almst jumped at the sund f the dr unlcking. One by ne, the wmen in range entered the rm. I saw daughters, mthers, and grandmthers. They had all nce made bad decisins but they wanted t 25 . Suddenly, I felt n fear and culdn’t wait t share 26 wrds with these wmen. Befre I knew it, ur meeting had ended and the wmen were 27 me.
Fifteen years have passed nw and I 28 t g weekly t the prisn. The greatest 29 is t hear them say “thanks, Granny Bev,” as they fllw the guard back t their rms, and I g thrugh the 30 drs that nce brught me fear.
16．A．curisityB．fearC．surpriseD．sadness
17．A．rarelyB．especiallyC．evenD．just
18．A．invitedB．frcedC．allwedD．hired
19．A．cntrlB．influenceC．cheatD．judge
20．A．capacityB．patienceC．cnfidenceD．reputatin
21．A．MreverB．TherefreC．OtherwiseD．Hwever
22．A．plannedB．refusedC．managedD．ffered
23．A．stayB．speakC．cmeD．walk
24．A．nervuslyB．excitedlyC．expectantlyD．angrily
25．A．surviveB．escapeC．relaxD．change
26．A．encuragingB．interestingC．pliteD．tugh
27．A．cngratulatingB．askingC．thankingD．bserving
28．A．stpB．struggleC．frgetD．cntinue
29．A．satisfactinB．interestC．disappintmentD．wish
30．A．hiddenB．sameC．mentalD．wden
C
（2023高一下·吉林·学业考试）A yung wman in her 20s was sitting n the train, next t her mther. They bth lked tired but excited.
The yung wman was lking 31 frm the train’s windws. Suddenly, she shuted “Mm, lk, the trees are behind us!” Her vice was s 32 that everyne n the train heard.
Mm smiled. But a yung cuple sitting nearby 33 the yung wman’s childish behavir (行为) with pity. “ 34 yung wman. There must be smething wrng with her mind.” They thught.
A while later, the yung wman 35 again. And the mther seemed very happy with the yung wman’s wrds.
36 the cuple culdn’t help asking the ld wman, “Srry if we ffend (冒犯) yu. But why dn’t yu take yur daughter t a gd dctr? ”
The ld wman smiled and said, “Actually, we have just cme frm the 37 ”
“Then yu shuld g t a better ne. Because it seems that yur daughter’s situatin hasn’t 38 ,” said ne f them. They felt s bad fr the ld wman.
“N, in fact I’m very happy with the treatment (治疗) ,” said the mther. “My daughter was 39 frm birth. Tday, she is seeing the wrld fr the first time. ”
Every single persn has a stry. Dn’t judge (评判) peple 40 yu truly knw them. The truth might surprise yu.
31．A．inB．dwnC．utD．away
32．A．ludB．lwC．gentleD．sft
33．A．arrived atB．lked atC．shuted atD．aimed at
34．A．HappyB．SmartC．CleverD．Pr
35．A．saidB．askedC．shutedD．sang
36．A．LuckilyB．FinallyC．SadlyD．Prbably
37．A．schlB．factryC．hspitalD．stre
38．A．imprvedB．happenedC．startedD．kept
39．A．healthyB．deafC．weakD．blind
40．A．sinceB．befreC．afterD．fr
D
（2023高一上·广东佛山·学业考试）Imunek narrwly avided a disaster last year. At that time, Imunek already had a 1 year ld and was eight mnths pregnant with her secnd kid. She was still wrking her jb as a bus driver fr lcal 41 .
The day was fairly 42 until a strange smell began t fill the 43 . “I had the driver windw dwn and thught the 44 was cming frm anther car at first, but then smke 45 cming thrugh my heater, s I 46 ,” Imunek recalled.
She 47 t use her radi phne t discuss the prblem, but it didn’t take lng fr her t 48 that she didn’t have time fr a 49 . Instead, she gathered the 37 kids she 50 , ranging frm primary t high schl, and gt them ff the bus as quickly and 51 as pssible. Fifteen t thirty secnds after the 52 child gt ff the bus, the bus was n fire.
Althugh Imunek breathed in a gd amunt f smke, she and her baby were fund t be 53 , as were all the children n her bus. T express their 54 , all f the children’s parents wrte thank yu ntes fr the 55 bus driver.
41．A．wrkersB．travelersC．studentsD．villagers
42．A．tughB．challengingC．cmfrtableD．natural
43．A．busB．carC．streetD．wrld
44．A．smellB．smkeC．fireD．nise
45．A．stppedB．startedC．cntinuedD．tried
46．A．gt ffB．went awayC．pulled verD．std up
47．A．affrdedB．agreedC．prmisedD．wanted
48．A．decideB．hpeC．imagineD．recrd
49．A．chanceB．lessnC．cnversatinD．task
50．A．chseB．taughtC．knewD．carried
51．A．plitelyB．calmlyC．activelyD．easily
52．A．lastB．firstC．nlyD．slw
53．A．healthyB．weakC．attractiveD．helpless
54．A．supprtB．thanksC．understandingD．wrries
55．A．gd-lkingB．easy-gingC．fast-talkingD．quick-thinking
E
（22-23高一下·江西抚州·期中）Sme years ag, I was invited t give a keynte speech at a high-level meeting. It was a great chance fr me. I was 56 when I heard the news. 57 , since I gave a keynte speech fr the first time, I 58 I wuldn’t perfrm well as expected.
When I sat in the back waiting fr my 59 , I felt nervus abut hw peple wuld see me. I fixed my mind ttally n “me”. I felt very uncmfrtable. While lking thrugh websites nline, I read an interview with a famus psychlgist 60 . He spke abut the pleasure f wishing thers well and a wave f 61 swept ver me. I recgnized that the kindest thing I culd d fr myself was t 62 cncentrating ttally n “me” and instead try t be 63 t thers. S I stayed fcused n what culd be useful t ther peple rather than hw I was 64 . Surprisingly, my speech received great 65 . I understand that t get admiratin, stp 66 it, t take care f yurself, yu need t take care f thers first. This 67 wrks fr many peple. It’s als 68 that yu need t be kind t yurself because if yur sense f being happy 69 , yu’re mre likely t be patient, supprtive, frgiving, and lving.
Nwadays, it seems as if peple are 70 in a vast web since each persn desn’t live alne. N matter hw gd r bad it is, what yu d t thers certainly cmes back t yurself.
56．A．psitiveB．disappintedC．excitedD．sad
57．A．OtherwiseB．BesidesC．TherefreD．Hwever
58．A．fearedB．expectedC．decidedD．prmised
59．A．chanceB．turnC．dreamD．chice
60．A．in exchangeB．n purpseC．by accidentD．fr nthing
61．A．regretB．warmthC．prideD．relaxatin
62．A．practiseB．stpC．imagineD．cnsider
63．A．pliteB．blindC．helpfulD．knwn
64．A．cming acrssB．giving upC．figuring utD．putting dwn
65．A．praiseB．benefitC．guidanceD．challenge
66．A．changingB．makingC．imprvingD．finding
67．A．habitB．ruleC．resultD．stry
68．A．trueB．easyC．surprisingD．interesting
69．A．strugglesB．changesC．mattersD．increases
70．A．trappedB．cntrlledC．cnnectedD．arranged
F
（2024高二下·福建·学业考试）My elder brther, Kevin, was always unkind t me. Sharing a bedrm with him was nt 71 .
When I was seven, my 72 tk us t the swimming pl ne day. I just learned hw t 73 then, but Kevin culd swim like a fish. My parents reminded Kevin t 74 me befre we swam ff. Kevin was unwilling t lk after me, 75 he swam far away.
I paddled (蹬水) in the water by myself. Smehw I 76 the line and mved int the grwn- ups’ pl. The water became much 77 and my feet culdn’t tuch the bttm. I was frightened and tried t call fr help but 78 kept cming thrugh my muth and nse. Drwning (溺水) was such a 79 experience!
Suddenly, smene saved me frm the water and 80 me up. It was my brther Kevin! Hearing the 81 , my parents rushed t us. They were s cncerned abut me that they cmpletely ignred Kevin. N ne even 82 hw he was feeling.
Kevin felt wrnged and suddenly began t cry, saying that my parents 83 lved me mre than him. I finally understd why Kevin was s difficult. I felt 84 t have made him feel less imprtant. We hugged him clse, saying that we 85 him as much. Frm that day n, I have always gt alng well with my brther.
71．A．surprisingB．enjyableC．difficult
72．A．friendsB．teachersC．parents
73．A．swimB．ckC．dance
74．A．lk up tB．watch ut frC．keep away frm
75．A．butB．ifC．s
76．A．crssedB．tiedC．cut
77．A．warmerB．cleanerC．deeper
78．A．airB．waterC．rubbish
79．A．terribleB．bringC．wnderful
80．A．beatB．blewC．brught
81．A．niseB．sngC．cheer
82．A．explainedB．askedC．dubted
83．A．neverB．seldmC．always
84．A．calmB．srryC．excited
85．A．lvedB．servedC．pushed
G
（2024高二下·湖南·学业考试）On 17 March, 476 students and 36 teachers at Falmnt Primary Schl escaped an earthquake that hit the cuntry at 2:27 p.m.
Alice Brwn, head teacher at Falmnt Primary Schl, was 86 when the flr began t shake. Her students’ 87 was quick and crrect — they mved under their desks, head first and 88 the legs f the desks. At the same time, Miss Brwn 89 pened the classrm dr, in case it became damaged during the shaking and culd nt pen. There were lud crashes f glass breaking and things falling t the grund, but the students remained still and 90 calmly and quietly.
The mment the shaking stpped, Ming Brwn sensed it was the best time fr the class t 91 . She signalled t her students t exit the 92 in an rderly line cvering their heads with their hands. Within ne minute and twenty secnds, the whle classes went dwn the stairs and 93 t the playgrund. Sn students frm ther classes arrived t. After a rll call cnfirmed that all were safe and sund, they 94 , laughing, crying and hugging each ther.
“We practise earthquake safety, prcedures twice a year,” said Miss Brwn, “s the kids were 95 enugh t prtect themselves during the earthquake.”
86．A．teachingB．playingC．ckingD．exercising
87．A．preparatinB．reactinC．cmmunicatinD．explanatin
88．A．held n tB．caught sight fC．tk apartD．put aside
89．A．suddenlyB．quicklyC．carelesslyD．secretly
90．A．stdB．sleptC．waitedD．mved
91．A．studyB．perfrmC．questinD．escape
92．A．libraryB．gymC．hallD．classrm
93．A．rushedB．walkedC．wanderedD．flded
94．A．sighedB．struggledC．relaxedD．hesitated
95．A．energeticB．curiusC．calmD．patient
H
（2024高二上·广东·学业考试）It was a sunny day. Kate was jumping rpe in frnt f her huse. She had all the time in the wrld t 96 her jumping. The jump rpe was 97 t her. It was a birthday 98 frm her grandma, wh spent several nights 99 making it perfect. As Kate was jumping, a teenage by 100 t her frm acrss the rad. “Give me that,” he shuted and 101 the jump rpe frm Kate’s hands and ran away. 102 and angry, Kate ran after the by, hping t get it back. “What a 103 by,” thught Kate. She ran all the way t a park and finally 104 the by. There, she saw a yunger child 105 in the pnd(池塘). The by threw an end f the jump rpe t the child and pulled the child nt the bank. Kate walked up t them and asked if they needed any 106 . “All gd. Thank yu,” said the by. Handing the jump rpe back t Kate, he 107 , “I’m srry if I frightened yu just nw, but I was in a 108 . The rpe was a big help. ”
Back hme, Kate tld her grandma that the rpe had helped 109 a child in the park. She smiled 110 as she thught f the part her jump rpe had played.
96．A．shwB．enjyC．recrdD．prepare
97．A．shrtB．strngC．specialD．strange
98．A．giftB．cardC．cakeD．party
99．A．freelyB．quicklyC．anxiuslyD．tirelessly
100．A．rdeB．drveC．jumpedD．rushed
101．A．stleB．tkC．receivedD．brrwed
102．A．TiredB．TuchedC．ShckedD．Excited
103．A．lnelyB．helplessC．carelessD．hrrible
104．A．caught up withB．argued withC．shuted atD．gt away frm
105．A．swimmingB．strugglingC．playingD．rwing
106．A．helpB．timeC．mneyD．advice
107．A．warnedB．shutedC．rderedD．aplgized
108．A．wayB．messC．hurryD．minute
109．A．saveB．findC．leadD．train
110．A．bravelyB．prudlyC．curiuslyD．nervusly
I
（2024高二下·湖北·学业考试）I was driving my daughter t the nearest airprt. It was a 3-hur 111 , s after drpping her ff at the 112 , my sns and I stpped at a McDnalds t have lunch. After finding a table, I went up t rder ur 113 . Mst f the wrkers there were teenagers. Wrking at the cash register (收银台), 114 , was an elder lady. Each persn that 115 t give their rder was given a huge smile and a few kind wrds. It 116 my heart t see hw she made peple happy in with her gd cheer. When it was my 117 t rder, I smiled back and tld her that she had the sweetest smile I’d 118 seen. She laughed, patted me n the hand and 119 , “N extra charge, sweetie!”
When I was 120 hme I culd still feel her 121 in my heart and see her smile in my mind. And I culd feel my wn face smiling t. When we drve back t pick up my 122 a few days later, we stpped at the McDnalds again. I 123 the lady with the sweet smile but she was nwhere t be seen. Maybe she wasn’t 124 that day r maybe she had mved n t bless thers with her smile smewhere else. Either way I wished her well. Remembering ur 125 meeting always brings a smile back t my face.
111．A．tripB．speechC．activity
112．A．statinB．airprtC．shw
113．A．prductsB．drinksC．fd
114．A．insteadB．hweverC．thus
115．A．came upB．lked upC．brke up
116．A．warmedB．hurtC．trubled
117．A．birthdayB．turnC．check
118．A．neverB．everC．seldm
119．A．mailedB．recitedC．said
120．A．walkingB．runningC．driving
121．A．kindnessB．attentinC．weight
122．A．assistantB．daughterC．niece
123．A．picked upB．lked frC．chatted with
124．A．wrkingB．wrryingC．lying
125．A．dailyB．secretC．brief
J
（2024高二下·湖北·学业考试）I was verweight mst f my life. Everything I really knew abut myself was 126 n my size. It was really a 127 experience being a fat wman. Hwever, everything changed after my drastic (极端的) weight 128 five years ag.
I ften tk a lk at myself in a 129 as I passed by in a department stre and questined, “Wh is that girl?” It wasn’t fr a 130 f having mirrrs in my huse and nt lking int the mirrr n a 131 basis. My ld mental prgramming (心理程序) still 132 myself as 300 punds. Even five years after lsing all f the weight, I still 133 myself thinking, “Wh is that girl?” When I’m nt expecting t see myself in a mirrr r phtgraph, it’s a ttal 134 that I lk the way that I d. I’d like t think that this is smething my mind will finally get used t, but after five 135 , it still hasn’t.
I lived in a neighbrhd that had a small 136 , at which the same cashiers (收银员) always seemed t wrk there. The cashiers pretty much always 137 me when I weighed 300 punds. I was never 138 with a “Hell, hw are yu ding tday? Did yu find everything OK?” Even just saying “hi” wuld have been nice. I grew t 139 shpping there. After I tk the weight ff, the cashiers were warmer and kinder t me. These were the same cashiers as befre, 140 they were friendly t the smaller me.
126．A．fedB．putC．centered
127．A．frgettableB．regretfulC．painful
128．A．lssB．riseC．discvery
129．A．rwB．mirrrC．war
130．A．pieceB．seriesC．lack
131．A．hugeB．regularC．tugh
132．A．trublesB．regardsC．stps
133．A．findB．trainC．allw
134．A．shckB．suggestinC．jy
135．A．mnthsB．yearsC．days
136．A．hspitalB．schlC．stre
137．A．prvedB．ignredC．annyed
138．A．greetedB．cmparedC．presented
139．A．dislikeB．addictC．cancel
140．A．sB．andC．but
K
（2024高二下·湖北·学业考试）When Aly Stsz was in kindergarten, she was taller than the rest f her class. During primary schl, her 141 never slwed. When she was in high schl, she began t grw slwly. Years later in 2013, Aly 142 6 feet 9 inches tall.
143 activities like shpping fr clthes and shes can be stressful fr Aly because she struggles t find anything that 144 prperly n her. Mst items that are sld as dresses end up becming shirts fr her, and it’s a 145 if a stre ever has a pair f pants lng enugh fr her legs. But, thrugh all f these struggles, Aly has learned t 146 the bdy she’s been given and t walk with cnfidence.
Lving her height wasn’t always a(n) 147 thing t d. As a yung girl, Aly was 148 fr her height and called “mnster”. This caused a lt f 149 and struggle as she grew up. 150 , she realized that mst peple were 151 ways t stand ut and be different, and here she was brn with her wn unique 152 !
These days Aly is strng and 153 . She fcuses n hlding her head up high. She als made sure t surrund herself with peple wh praise her 154 and beauty.
Watching this interview f Aly is inspiring and 155 .
141．A．speechB．grwthC．pace
142．A．reachedB．cveredC．wn
143．A．KindB．LcalC．Nrmal
144．A．fcusesB．betsC．fits
145．A．wnderB．shameC．sign
146．A．recverB．acceptC．establish
147．A．easyB．rightC．enjyable
148．A．paid backB．laughed atC．turned dwn
149．A．attentinB．painC．excitement
150．A．FinallyB．HweverC．Instead
151．A．giving upB．lking upC．searching fr
152．A．talentB．creativityC．lk
153．A．cnfidentB．fatC．slim
154．A．birthdayB．strengthC．wedding
155．A．encuragingB．surprisingC．wrrying
L
（2024高二下·湖北·学业考试）Nicl and Chase, his 10-year-ld sn, search the streets f Salt Lake City every weekend fr the hmeless t take t lunch. They 156 Prject Empathy (共情) fur years ag t share a meal, 157 their stries and figured ut hw they culd further 158 .
“Just start with a smile, a hell. It really 159 starts with that. If yu d it, yu can make a(n) 160 . A small gesture can have a(n) 161 effect n thers wh are less 162 ,” Nicl said in an interview.
Sme f these 163 meals have turned int strnger cnnectins. Ward, a hmeless, was hused in a flat. He thanked Nicl and Chase fr helping him thrugh the 164 prcess f mving ff the 165 . “It is great t have friends wh make us feel extremely gd and I’m impressed with the pair,” Ward said.
Father and sn’s 166 have develped int a passin prject that highlights faith and cmmunity, which 167 the rle cmmunity members can have in 168 the hmeless. They knw they can’t settle the hmeless prblem 169 . They’re hping empathy will catch n (流行起来).
“My hpe fr the future is t 170 mre cnnectin acrss ur cuntry. We culd and we will succeed if we have ther peple jin in and help the hmeless,” Chase said.
156．A．startedB．brrwedC．bught
157．A．wrte dwnB．listened tC．referred t
158．A．btherB．greetC．help
159．A．justB．evenC．still
160．A．impressinB．cnnectinC．decisin
161．A．smallB．directC．imprtant
162．A．wealthyB．frtunateC．successful
163．A．sharedB．wastedC．saved
164．A．simpleB．usefulC．difficult
165．A．husesB．cinemasC．streets
166．A．pininsB．effrtsC．dreams
167．A．stressesB．explainsC．checks
168．A．dealing withB．calming dwnC．cheering up
169．A．alneB．anywayC．exactly
170．A．makeB．spreadC．value
M
（2024高二下·湖北·学业考试）I have been lucky enugh t be the yungest f three siblings (兄弟姐妹). I’m 171 luckier t call bth f them tw f my best friends. Grwing up, I’ve always been 172 as the baby f the family. As much as I 173 it then, I have learned t lve it.
Every day, at least 20 times a day, siblings make 174 f each ther. When I was yunger, I always tk it t 175 . But grwing up with their 176 , ur siblings have taught me that it’s kay t 177 yurself smetimes. Jkes aren’t always ut t hurt us, smetimes nly t 178 the md.
Frm the minute we are able t talk, my siblings always give each ther a hard time. It culd be making fun f each ther fr ur 179 f clthes r music. Anything that can pssibly made fun has been made fun f by us. It’s all fun and 180 until smene ther than my siblings give me a hard time. When that happens, my siblings dn’t 181 t cut in and say smething t prtect me.
N matter what happens thrughut my life, my siblings will 182 me thrugh it all. Whether it was that time I “ 183 ” drew n the wall with marker and they cvered fr me, r my cllege 184 , they have given us the knwledge t make the right chice.
My siblings are best friends 185 in my life thrugh sme dd reasn but, fr the mst part, I lve them.
171．A．seldmB．tC．even
172．A．knwnB．seenC．qualified
173．A．pickedB．attemptedC．hated
174．A．funB．useC．sense
175．A．hmeB．limitC．heart
176．A．senseB．influenceC．praise
177．A．fcus nB．laugh atC．dress up
178．A．lightenB．tightenC．deepen
179．A．chicesB．chancesC．effrts
180．A．mannersB．gamesC．lessns
181．A．determineB．planC．hesitate
182．A．supprtB．cmfrtC．encurage
183．A．accidentallyB．eventuallyC．frequently
184．A．attentinB．inventinC．decisin
185．A．abandningB．appearingC．ging
N
（2024高二下·湖北·学业考试）I am still n hliday here in beautiful Iceland. I have 186 sme acts f kindness such as smiling at peple r 187 sme small talk.
Yesterday, I went a step further. I went int the lcal church and sat fr abut an hur 188 every single persn that I am grateful fr-even the nes wh have 189 me a hard time ver the years. Bad experiences are 190 t.
It was hard t cncentrate as it was rather 191 due t maintenance(维修)wrk. I fund myself thinking abut peple I have knwn, 192 ver the years, the nes that especially made a lasting 193 n me and tried t visualise(使形象化, 想象)their 194 in my mind’s eye. Wished them all the very best as I did s.
I als thught f ur beautiful planet and 195 expressed my gratitude fr the stars, the sun, the mn, the water and s n because withut 196 we are nthing.
Then at the end, I made a persnal wish and I nticed that everything was suddenly peaceful all arund me and the 197 was, shining thrugh the windw just acrss frm me.
And a few 198 things were t be bserved which made me smile. I then 199 a candle and wished fr 200 in every single persn and peace in ur wrld and went n my way.
186．A．heardB．changedC．practiced
187．A．makingB．readingC．saying
188．A．referring tB．thinking abutC．depending n
189．A．passedB．shwnC．given
190．A．studentsB．teachersC．athletes
191．A．nisyB．quietC．lw
192．A．beatB．encunteredC．vercame
193．A．impressinB．painC．pity
194．A．nsesB．fingersC．faces
195．A．silentlyB．cldlyC．suddenly
196．A．muntainB．riverC．nature
197．A．rainB．windC．sun
198．A．uglyB．lvelyC．deadly
199．A．fixedB．litC．sld
200．A．peaceB．trubleC．difficulty
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（2024高二下·湖北·学业考试）Jennifer, 56, frm Trnt, Canada, has wrked in Hubei fr 12 years. T quickly 201 , she gave herself a Chinese name Zhang Nifeng.
In 2007, Jennifer was 202 by an educatinal institutin (教育机构) in Trnt t 203 n English teaching in Wuhan. Despite nt knwing abut Wuhan befre, Jennifer 204 its vast areas and cnvenient transprtatin.
In 2015, she 205 t the Wudang Muntain and was 206 by its beautiful scenery, deciding t wrk there. Tw years later, she was 207 t teach at N. 2 Middle Schl in Shiyan where the Wudang Muntain is lcated. “I was very 208 as sn as I knew the destinatin,” she intrduced.
Jennifer fund the students enthusiastic, and she had many 209 experiences with them. There was a(n) 210 when they invited her fr an uting, as she thught they said “snake” when they actually meant “snack”.
The 211 and culture f Shiyan has arused (激起) her great 212 . She ften ges t the Shiyan Museum t knw the relevant infrmatin and 213 Hubei t friends in Canada. “I hpe t establish a 214 cnnecting Hubei t the wrld via English, s that mre peple can get 215 t Shiyan and Hubei,” she said.
201．A．meetB．adaptC．behave
202．A．sentB．shwnC．called
203．A．actB．liveC．wrk
204．A．gt rid fB．fell in lve withC．caught up with
205．A．rushedB．walkedC．tured
206．A．cnfusedB．attractedC．supprted
207．A．chsenB．refusedC．helped
208．A．upsetB．busyC．happy
209．A．funnyB．frighteningC．sad
210．A．excitementB．misunderstandingC．impressin
211．A．histryB．scienceC．develpment
212．A．cnfidenceB．angerC．interest
213．A．intrducesB．givesC．leads
214．A．baseB．traditinC．bridge
215．A．readyB．clseC．used
目录
TOC \ "1-2" \h \u \l "_Tc180577055" 明晰学考要求 PAGEREF _Tc180577055 \h 1
\l "_Tc180577056" 基础知识梳理 PAGEREF _Tc180577056 \h 1
\l "_Tc180577057" 考点精讲讲练2
\l "_Tc180577058" 考点一：常见逻辑关系及示例2
\l "_Tc180577059" 考点二：解题原则4
\l "_Tc180577060" 考点三：答题妙招5
\l "_Tc180577061" 考点四：练习方法和提高途径6
\l "_Tc180577063" 实战能力训练9