广东省深圳市福田区西交利物浦大学基础教育集团外国语高级中学2024-2025学年高三上学期二模英语试卷

这是一份广东省深圳市福田区西交利物浦大学基础教育集团外国语高级中学2024-2025学年高三上学期二模英语试卷，共22页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，完形填空，语法填空，书信写作，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。

一、阅读理解
REGISTRATION OPENS FOR STUDENT ROBOTICS 2024
We’re excited t annunce that registratin fr the 2024 seasn f Student Rbtics is nw pen! Based in the UK, Student Rbtics challenges teams f 16 t 19 year-lds t design, build and prgram fully autnmus rbts t cmpete in ur annual cmpetitin. Teams will have just three mnths t engineer their creatins. As well as supplying teams with a kit, which they can use as a framewrk fr their rbt, we mentr (指导) the teams ver this perid. Thanks t the genersity f ur spnsrs, we prvide all f this t ur teams at n cst.
The cmpetitin cycle will start with a live streamed Kickstart event n ur YuTube Channel. During the event, the game and the structure f the cmpetitin will be annunced and kits handed ut t teams.
The cmpetitin year will culminate (达到高潮) in an in-persn cmpetitin frm September 30 t Octber 1, 2024, which will see the rbts cmpete thrugh a league stage and a seeded knckut. As usual the prizes will recgnise nt nly the teams which cme tp in the knckuts, but als thse wh are excellent in ther ways.
Details f the game and prizes will be revealed at Kickstart. Details f the Kickstart and cmpetitin events will be published when they are available. We expect t cnfirm places twards the end f August, 2024.
If yu wuld like a chance t cmpete in Student Rbtics 2024, please fill in the entry frm with the required infrmatin. The deadline f the registratin is May 30, 2024. Places are limited, s please click here and sign up sn t avid disappintment.
We lk frward t seeing yur teams!
1．What shuld participants d in Student Rbtics?
A．Prepare a kit themselves.B．Design a rbt n the spt.
C．Wrk as a team.D．Pay fr the framewrk.
2．Hw lng will the rbts cmpetitin last in 2024?
A．Tw days.B．Tw weeks.C．One mnth.D．Three days.
3．Where des the passage cme frm?
A．A brchure.B．A magazine.C．A newspaper.D．A website.
Sanding n the shre f a lake, I can’t help but marvel at the tens r hundreds f thusands f small rcks that surrund my bts. They were all created frm hard surfaces, their edges sftening ver time.
And I wnder, can we learn frm a pile f rcks?
Even the tallest muntains have wrn dwn; nne are as tall as they were 1,000 years ag. And much like a rck. I’ve fund my attitude has sftened and my desire t better understand thers has expanded with each trip arund the sun.
Once I t was a sharp rck cvered in pinty edges. Tday, after decades f the waters f life cursing ver me, my edges are sfter and mre understanding. I’m less likely t judge and mre interested in learning hw we can exist tgether.
But I’m nt a rck. I’m a human-being filled with all the drama built int my DNA．
Tw years ag, while traveling in the Pacific Nrthwest, I watched a restaurant wner ask a guy t leave fr nt falling in line with the rules. Nt frceful and net rude. On the dr read a sign: “Please wear a mask befre entering ur restaurant. We dn’t like it either, but let’s all d what we can.” But the guy tried t argue abut the nte.
I sat watching. understanding bth sides. I’ve been this guy befre, using my yuthful edges t chip away at the wrld. What I lst, hwever, was the ability t grw by lking thrugh thers’ eyes, and thus the pssibility f finding cntent and success.
Yu can fit mre runded rcks in a jar than thse with sharp edges. The frmer lk fr ways t adjust and make rm fr thers; the latter never give an inch t accmmdate thers. Time, like the waters rlling against nce sharp stnes, changes us by washing away ur resistance t seeing the wrld frm anther’s pint f view.
I placed a runded stne int my pcket. Mther Nature is hlding class again.
4．What des the authr cmpare the rcks t?
A．Peple with varied persnalities.
B．DNA unique t each persn.
C．Challenges that we cme acrss.
D．Our abilities that grws with time.
5．What caused the argument in the restaurant?
A．Lack f clarity in the sign.
B．The wner’s inapprpriate attitude.
C．Demanding restaurant requests.
D．The guy’s failing t bey the rules.
6．Which best describes the authr’s attitude tward the wrld when he was yung?
A．Respectful.B．Aggressive.C．Ambiguus.D．Tlerant.
7．What des the authr try t cnvey thrugh this text?
A．We shuld adjust urselves t new cnditins.
B．Be brave when in the face f difficulties in life.
C．It’s necessary t bey the rules in public spaces.
D．Being pen and understanding brings satisfactin.
In surveys ver the past cuple f years, Gallup researchers have fund nly abut a third f U. S. wrkers feel engaged with their jbs. It’s a cncern fr cmpanies and the ecnmy. Frtunately, researchers have identified a simple slutin: Recgnize yur emplyees’ achievements.
Acrss a number f industries, emplyees having high-quality recgnitin n the jb were 45% less likely t have left that jb between 2022 and 2024. “Imagine hw demralizing it wuld be if yu’re ding things at wrk that nbdy sees and yu feel like nbdy cares abut,’’ says Martin, senir directr at Wrkhuman, which tracked the career paths f mre than 3,400 wrkers ver tw years.
When it cmes t recgnitin, peple feel less lnely when their cntributins are praised, which in turn keeps them frm seeking wrk elsewhere. The survey asked respndents if they felt stressed the previus day. Thse wh said they felt recgnized n the jb reprted lwer levels f stress than thse wh said they were nt.
Anther finding emerging frm the surveys is that high-quality feedback can fuel prfessinal develpment. That was Andy Hernandez’s experience. He was wrking in car financing in Greenville, trying t figure ut hw t get ahead, when he decided t learn Excel t use it at wrk. He began pitching ideas using his newly acquired skills. Managers liked what he was ding and tld him as much. “It mtivates me t knw that all this extra stuff I’m ding gets recgnized; it’s als helping me shw that I’m ready fr the next step,” he says. He rse thrugh the ranks, eventually becming a team leader. He says he lked fr pprtunities t shw appreciatin fr his team.
There are generatinal differences when it cmes t the desire fr feedback, Gallup fund in 2024. Yunger wrkers, wh feel less attached t their wrkplaces than their parents, have a higher expectatin f appreciatin. Frtunately fr them, cmpany leaders are als increasingly recgnizing the imprtance f praise in the wrkplace. In 2024, Wrkhuman fund 42% f senir leaders reprting their rganizatins value emplyee recgnitin, up frm 28% in 2022.
8．What did Gallup researchers reveal abut U. S.wrkers?
A．They give psitive wrk feedback.
B．They desire high incme fr their wrk.
C．They feel less devted t their wrk.
D．They’re cncerned abut U. S. ecnmy.
9．What des the underlined wrd “demralizing” in paragraph 2 mean?
A．Discuraging.B．Inspiring.C．Misleading.D．Entertaining.
10．What benefit did learning Excel bring t Andy?
A．It made him judge his team in a psitive way.B．He welcmed each suggestin bjectively.
C．It enabled him t be put in charge f a firm.D．He was recgnized and mtivated t g n.
11．What did Gallup find abut generatinal differences?
A．Yung leaders are less likely t praise their wrkers.
B．Yung wrkers have high expectatins t be recgnized.
C．Senir leaders care little abut wrkplace recgnitin.
D．Senir wrkers enjy a rise in recgnitin f their wrk.
Whether playing tricks r hlding funerals in the wild, crws have surprised the public with their unexpected capabilities. But their “intelligence” knws n bunds. A new study published in Current Bilgy revealed fr the first time that crws can use statistical lgic t slve prblems.
Crws have a large brain fr their size and a particularly nticeable frebrain, assciated with statistical and analytical reasning in humans. “In ur lab, crws have shwn cmplicated numerical cmpetence and careful cnsideratin during decisin-making,” said Dr. Melissa Jhnstn, a fellw at the University f Tübingen. In her recent wrk, Jhnstn and her team pushed these abilities t a new extreme, testing statistical reasning.
In the experiment, tw crws were first trained t peck (啄) at varius images n tuchscreens t earn fd treats; and gradually they had t chse between tw f these images, each crrespnding t a different reward prbability. “Crws were tasked with learning rather abstract quantities and then applying that cmbinatin f infrmatin in a reward maximizing way,” Jhnstn detailed. Over 10 days f training and 5,000 trials, the tw crws managed t pick the higher prbability f reward, shwing their ability t use statistical inference. T researchers’ much surprise, even after a mnth withut training, the crws still perfrm well every time.
Statistical reasning invlves using limited infrmatin abut a situatin t draw cnclusins and make decisins. Peple unknwingly use such cgnitive ability every day. When we select cafes fr scial meetups, ur brains autmatically weigh cllected statistics frm past bservatins and favr the ne mre capable f meeting needs. Similarly, crws remembered and analyzed the cnnectins between the images and the reward prbabilities t make themselves get the mst treats pssible.
Crws nce symblized misfrtune and death, causing them disliked even killed by peple. Actually, they are amng the few animals t adapt t urbanizatin successfully due t underestimated intelligence. “I think these studies d help change public views and imprve ur relatinship with these lvely animals,” Jhnstn stated.
12．What makes crws’ intelligence pssible?
A．Their limitless abilities f tricks.
B．Their scial leaning in the wild.
C．Their physical structure f brains.
D．Their training received in the lab.
13．Which f the fllwing best describes the research prcess in paragraph 3?
A．Instruct, task, and retest.
B．Train, perfrm, and recrd.
C．Assume, prve, and reflect.
D．Prepare, teach, and examine.
14．Hw des the authr explain statistical inference in paragraph 4?
A．By sharing a persnal experience.
B．By quting a previus study.
C．By making a detailed cmparisn.
D．By using a cmmn example.
15．What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A．Fd Prize Cmpetitin: Crws Chsing Rewards
B．Urban Bird Survival Strategies: Living with Peple
C．Beynd Tricks: Surprise f Crws’ Statistical Reasning
D．Animal Behavir Study: Training Crws in Experiments
Have yu ever wken up at midnight with upsetting thughts? Maybe yu argued with yur partner. Perhaps yu are wrrying abut an interview. These are cmmn in ur life. But they can make it hard t see reality as it is. 16 And thus we may lse sleep and have truble cncentrating. The fllwing methds are helpful.
17 This methd has the benefit f revealing the temprary nature f yur thughts. It can als help t make it easier t let them g. There are many mindfulness practices that might help with this. Fr example, a simple breath meditatin may d the trick. Thughts can still cme int yur head as yu practice this.
Try t mve preferably utside. Physical exercise can be helpful. 18 Walking in the wds can reduce ruminatin (沉思) mre than walking alng a rad fr the same amunt f time. If we g ut walking, it may help t keep ur attentin n ur surrundings and prevent trubling thughts frm crpping up.
Stp feeding the fire and redirect yur attentin. If we’re ruminating ver things, we may need t fcus n better things. We can take a break frm scial media and practice gratitude fr the gd in ur lives. We can als take actin with like-minded peple. 19
Talk t a trusted persn r maybe a therapist. We can turn t thers fr help. Whether they d it with humr r by ffering wisdm, smetimes getting an utsider’s perspective can help us a lt. 20 If we dn’t have such kind f peple, seeing a therapist might be ur best ptin.
A．Push away ur negative thughts.
B．Learn t practice mindful awareness.
C．Being utside in nature is ne f the best ways.
D．They will keep us lcked int negative thinking patterns.
E．We need t give urselves sme space and nt assume the wrst.
F．These can help reduce ur wrry while pinting us in a right directin.
G．We shuld try t find the right persn wh can listen well and ffer empathy.
二、完形填空
Fr her 68th birthday in 2019, Rsa Sait decided t give herself an unusual gift — she decided t becme a mdel. Over the past years, she had been 21 by phtgraphers n the streets, each telling her t cnsider mdeling. She initially 22 the idea because n ne ever had cmmented n her appearance. But ver time, smething began t change inside her. “Being sptted made me realize I culd still achieve smething just fr 23 at this stage f my life,” she recalled. 24 , she decided t embrace the pprtunity.
Her first casting didn’t land her a jb, but the 25 fueled her excitement. “I was used t facing challenges my whle life. I was 26 t keep ging,” Sait said. At just 22, she had learned 27 when she cared fr her sick mther. Later, she raised her three children alne after the lss f her husband. She embraced whatever life 28 her.
At 69, Sait’s effrts 29 when she gt her first mdelling jb fr a Brazilian csmetics brand. “As the ldest persn there, I walked int the phtgraphy studi feeling s 30 ,” she recalled. “But sn,I relaxed. I gt s much 31 frm the yunger mdels. I realize my presence was shwing them that yu can grw lder withut 32 ,” she says.
Nw 73, Sait has psed fr many fashin brands. She’s 33 t have a new start after her 70s. “I still have plenty f dreams fr the future, because the real 34 f maturity is t take a leap int the unknwn,” she says. “It’s never t late t 35 yurself. I gain strength, curage and cnfidence frm every experience where I face fear.”
21．A．cngratulatedB．examinedC．appintedD．apprached
22．A．put frwardB．tried utC．nted dwnD．brushed ff
23．A．my familyB．myselfC．my cmmunityD．my fellws
24．A．TemprarilyB．AccidentallyC．EventuallyD．Permanently
25．A．rejectinB．prejudiceC．dilemmaD．trick
26．A．preparedB．allwedC．frcedD．persuaded
27．A．tughnessB．faithfulnessC．tleranceD．cnfidence
28．A．prmisedB．awardedC．brughtD．ignred
29．A．disappearedB．cntinuedC．paid ffD．std ut
30．A．naturalB．frightenedC．delightedD．nervus
31．A．inspiratinB．envyC．admiratinD．instructin
32．A．fearB．painC．dubtD．regret
33．A．hesitantB．prudC．impatientD．lucky
34．A．advantageB．burdenC．fearD．beauty
35．A．questinB．reshapeC．limitD．teach
三、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Putian wd carving, ne f the fur well-knwn 36 (categry) f the art f Chinese wd carving, riginated in the Tang and Sng Dynasties. 37 (serve) as a natinal intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) item in China, it is a traditinal flk carving technique f sutheast China’s Fujian Prvince.
Zheng Chunhui, Lin Jianjun and Chen Yushu are three 38 (exceptin) representatives f wd carving masters. Zheng is a prvincial-level inheritr (继承人) f the wd carving art, 39 nt nly excels in traditinal wd carving technique, 40 expresses his lve fr his family and natin thrugh his wrks. T prmte the art, Zheng pened a unique wd carving gallery, which is the 41 (ne) in Putian run by an individual and free t the public. The delicately made wd carving wrks by Lin 42 (shine) at a BRICS summit (峰会) several years ag, and meanwhile, the Chinese-style antique furniture pieces that are made by Chen 43 (shw) at many internatinal exhibitins ver the past few years.
Putian city is hme 44 ver 2,600 wd carving cmpanies, and the wd carving wrks 45 (create) there were sld t mre than 20 cuntries and regins arund the wrld last year.
四、书信写作
46．假如你是李华，在你校举办的“用英语讲好中国故事”(Chinese Stries Retld in English)演讲比赛中，你获得了一等奖。你的英国笔友Tm发来邮件向你表示祝贺并想了解你讲的故事，请你给他写一封回信，内容包括：
1. 感谢关注;
2. 故事概况;
3. 参加活动的感受。
注意：1. 词数80左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Tm,
I hpe this email finds yu well.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Lking frward t hearing frm yu sn!
Yurs,
Li Hua
五、书面表达
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段， 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Gerge had his eye n a scring recrd. He tk a deep breath as he std in the drway,lking in at the basketball curt. The gym was ld and small, but it held a lng histry. Maybe tday I’ll make histry, Gerge thught.
His basketball league was celebrating. Tday’s champinship game marked its 50th anniversary (周年) since the league’s first champinship.
Gerge lked ver the brchure fr the anniversary. It listed the winners f each champinship game and the tp scrers. He stpped suddenly when he read the name f the tp screr frm a game 30 years befre. He quickly went thrugh the rest f the list. “Lk!” he said t his teammate David,shwing him the brchure.“Yu see wh has the all-time recrd? My dad! He never tld me that.”
“24 pints,” David said. “That’s awesme!”
Gerge’s best recrd was 19 pints. He was the Badgers’ tp screr. “It seems that my dad never shwed ff smething like that,”Gerge said.
When his parents arrived, Gerge brught the brchure ver t them. His dad laughed. “I didn’t miss a sht in that game. But lk at the scre. I wuld have traded every sht fr a win,”he said with regret. Gerge hadn’t nticed that his dad’s team had lst the game just by ne pint.“That was a great grup f teammates,”his dad added.“Yu have great teammates in the Badgers, t.”
As Gerge warmed up, he was still digesting his father’s wrds. “This will be a struggle every secnd,”the cach emphasized befre they gt n curt t play.“I want t see tugh defense, sharp passing, and, abve all, smart play as a team.”
Gerge was cnfident he culd lead the Badgers t victry, just as he did in their previus games against the Lins. And he played really hard. As the game neared its end, Gerge had already scred 23 pints. Anther basket wuld break his father’s scring recrd.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为 150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Hwever, his team was nw ne pint behind the Lins.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
With n defenders arund, David turned and sht at the basket.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1．C 2．A 3．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍学生机器人2024赛季的报名现已开放。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段首句“Based in the UK, Student Rbtics challenges teams f 16 t 19 year-lds t design, build and prgram fully autnmus rbts t cmpete in ur annual cmpetitin. (总部设在英国的学生机器人挑战16至19岁的团队设计，制造和编程全自动机器人参加我们的年度比赛。)”可知，Student Rbtics竞赛参与者要团队合作。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段的“The cmpetitin year will culminate(达到高潮) in an in-persn cmpetitin frm September 30 t Octber 1, 2024, which will see the rbts cmpete thrugh a league stage and a seeded knckut.(比赛年的高潮是在2024年9月30日至10月1日举行的现场比赛，届时机器人将参加联赛阶段和种子淘汰赛。)”可知，2024机器人大赛持续两天。故选A。
3．推理判断题。根据第二段的“The cmpetitin cycle will start with a live streamed Kickstart event n ur YuTube Channel.(比赛周期将从我们YuTube频道上的直播Kickstart活动开始。)”及倒数第二段“Places are limited, s please click here and sign up sn t avid disappintment.(名额有限，请点击这里报名，以免失望。)”可知，这篇文章来自网站。故选D。
4．A 5．D 6．B 7．D
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章，主要叙述并议论了人如同岩石一般不断磨平棱角，学会理解体谅他人的过程。
4．细节理解题。从文章第三段“Even the tallest muntains have wrn dwn; nne are as tall as they were 1,000 years ag. And much like a rck. I’ve fund my attitude has sftened and my desire t better understand thers has expanded with each trip arund the sun. (即使是最高的山也已磨损；没有一座像一千年前那么高。和这些岩石很像，我发现我的态度软化了，而随着每一次的旅行，我也更渴望能去更好地了解他人) ”可知，作者把岩石比成有着各自性格的人。故选A项。
5．细节理解题。文章第六段讲到“Tw years ag, while traveling in the Pacific Nrthwest, I watched a restaurant wner ask a guy t leave fr nt falling in line with the rules. Nt frceful and net rude. On the dr read a sign: “Please wear a mask befre entering ur restaurant. We dn’t like it either, but let’s all d what we can.” But the guy tried t argue abut the nte. (两年前，在太平洋西北地区旅行时，我看到一个餐馆老板要求一个不遵守规定的人离开。他的态度既不强硬，也不粗鲁。门上写着：“请戴上口罩进入我们的餐厅。我们也不喜欢这样，但让我们一起尽己所能。”但那家伙试图就这条规定进行争吵。)”，从中可知，这次餐馆的争吵原因是这个人未能遵守规则。故选D项。
6．推理判断题。从文章第四段“Once I t was a sharp rck cvered in pinty edges. (我也曾是一块边缘锐利的尖石）”可知，作者年轻时是有棱有角的性格，态度比较激进好斗。故选B项。
7．推理判断题。从文章倒数第二段“Yu can fit mre runded rcks in a jar than thse with sharp edges. The frmer lk fr ways t adjust and make rm fr thers; the latter never give an inch t accmmdate thers. Time, like the waters rlling against nce sharp stnes, changes us by washing away ur resistance t seeing the wrld frm anther’s pint f view. (圆的石头比棱角分明的石头更容易装进罐子里。前者想办法调整自己，为他人腾出空间；后者从不让步迁就别人。时间就像水流冲刷着尖锐的石头，冲走我们对从别人的角度看世界的抗拒，从而改变了我们）”可知，作者通过本文传达的应是“开放和理解的态度将使我们获得满意”。故选D项。
8．C 9．A 10．D 11．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。新的研究表明，年轻一代的员工更希望得到公司对他们的工作成就的认可。
8．推理判断题。由文章第一段“In surveys ver the past cuple f years, Gallup researchers have fund nly abut a third f U. S. wrkers feel engaged with their jbs. It’s a cncern fr cmpanies and the ecnmy.(在过去几年的调查中，盖洛普的研究人员发现，只有大约三分之一的美国员工对自己的工作感到投入。这是公司和经济的担忧。)”可知，大多数美国工人觉得自己对工作不够投入。故选C项。
9．词句猜测题。由第二段“Imagine hw demralizing it wuld be if yu’re ding things at wrk that nbdy sees and yu feel like nbdy cares abut,(想象一下，如果你在工作中做的事情没有人看到，你觉得没有人关心，那将是多么 ，)”可猜测，如果自己在工作中做的事情没有人看见，而且感觉其他人都不在意自己的工作成果，这样的感觉是让人很“气馁的”，所以猜测demralizing表“气馁的，沮丧的”意思。故选A项。
10．推理判断题。由第四段“It mtivates me t knw that all this extra stuff I’m ding gets recgnized; it’s als helping me shw that I, m ready fr the next step,(这激励我知道，我所做的所有这些额外的事情都得到了认可；这也帮助我表明，我已经为下一步做好了准备，)”以及上文可知，安迪自学办公软件Excel，并利用自己新学到的技能提出一些新想法，他因此得到老板的赏识，这些赏识让他充满前进的动力。故选D项。
11．细节理解题。由文章最后一段“Yunger wrkers, wh feel less attached t their wrkplaces than their parents, have a higher expectatin f appreciatin.(与父母相比，年轻员工对工作场所的依恋程度较低，他们对欣赏的期望更高。)”可知，年轻一代的员工不如父辈依恋当前的工作岗位，他们更期待得到公司的认可。故选B项。
12．C 13．A 14．D 15．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了乌鸦的高级智力，特别是它们在实验中展示的统计推理能力。
12．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Crws have a large brain fr their size and a particularly nticeable frebrain, assciated with statistical and analytical reasning in humans. (就其体型而言，乌鸦的大脑很大，前脑特别明显，与人类的统计和分析推理有关。)”可知，乌鸦的大脑结构，特别是前脑，使得它们具备统计和分析推理的能力。故选C。
13．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“In the experiment, tw crws were first trained t peck (啄) at varius images n tuchscreens t earn fd treats; and gradually they had t chse between tw f these images, each crrespnding t a different reward prbability. “Crws were tasked with learning rather abstract quantities and then applying that cmbinatin f infrmatin in a reward maximizing way,” Jhnstn detailed. Over 10 days f training and 5,000 trials, the tw crws managed t pick the higher prbability f reward, shwing their ability t use statistical inference. T researchers’ much surprise, even after a mnth withut training, the crws still perfrm well every time. (在实验中，首先训练两只乌鸦啄触摸屏上的各种图像，以获得食物；渐渐地，他们不得不在这两幅图像中做出选择，每幅图像都对应着不同的奖励概率。约翰斯顿详细介绍说：“乌鸦的任务是学习相当抽象的量，然后以奖励最大化的方式应用这些信息组合。”。经过10天的训练和5000次试验，两只乌鸦设法选择了更高的奖励概率，显示了它们使用统计推断的能力。令研究人员惊讶的是，即使在一个月没有训练的情况下，乌鸦每次都表现得很好。)”可推知，在实验中，研究人员首先指导乌鸦识别触摸屏上的图像，然后布置任务，让乌鸦在不同的图像之间做出选择，然后重新测试，发现即使一个月没有训练，乌鸦仍然能够表现得很好。故选A。
14．推理判断题。根据文章第四段的“When we select cafes fr scial meetups, ur brains autmatically weigh cllected statistics frm past bservatins and favr the ne mre capable f meeting needs. (当我们为社交聚会选择咖啡馆时，我们的大脑会自动权衡从过去的观察中收集到的统计数据，并倾向于更能满足需求的咖啡馆。)”可推知，作者通过一个常见的例子来解释统计推理。故选D。
15．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“Whether playing tricks r hlding funerals in the wild, crws have surprised the public with their unexpected capabilities. But their “intelligence” knws n bunds. A new study published in Current Bilgy revealed fr the first time that crws can use statistical lgic t slve prblems. (无论是恶作剧还是在野外举行葬礼，乌鸦都以其意想不到的能力让公众感到惊讶。但他们的“智慧”是无限的。发表在《当代生物学》上的一项新研究首次揭示，乌鸦可以使用统计逻辑来解决问题。)”可知，文章主要介绍了乌鸦不仅能在野外玩把戏，还能通过统计推理解决问题，这超出了人们对它们智力的预期。故选C。
16．D 17．B 18．C 19．F 20．G
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了解决半夜胡思乱想的一些方法。
16．根据上文的“But they can make it hard t see reality as it is.(但它们会让人很难看清现实)”和下文的“And thus we may lse sleep and have truble cncentrating.(因此，我们可能会失眠，难以集中注意力)”可知，空格处的内容应与“半夜胡思乱想带来的影响”有关。比较选项可知，D项“它们会让我们陷入消极的思维模式”符合。故选D。
17．根据下文“There are many mindfulness practices that might help with this.(有许多正念练习可能有助于解决这个问题)”可知，本段主要讲的是正念练习(mindfulness practices) 给人们带来的益处。因此空格处的内容应与此方面的内容有关。比较选项可知，B项“学会练习正念意识”符合。故选B。
18．根据小标题“Try t mve preferably utside.(最好到外面去)”和下文的“Walking in the wds can reduce ruminatin (沉思) mre than walking alng a rad fr the same amunt f time.(在树林里散步比在路上走同样长的时间更能减少沉思)”可知，空格处的内容应与“人们要经常到户外进行体育锻炼”有关。比较选项可知，C项“置身大自然是最好的方式之一”符合。故选C。
19．根据小标题“Stp feeding the fire and redirect yur attentin.(别再火上浇油了，转移你的注意力)”和上文的“We can take a break frm scial media and practice gratitude fr the gd in ur lives. We can als take actin with like-minded peple.(我们可以暂时离开社交媒体，对生活中的美好事物心存感激。我们也可以和志同道合的人一起采取行动)”可知，空格处的内容应与“我们采取的措施带来的益处”有关。比较选项可知，F项“这些可以帮助我们减少忧虑，同时为我们指明正确的方向”符合，选项中的“These”指的是上文提到的措施。故选F。
20．根据小标题“Talk t a trusted persn r maybe a therapist.(和你信任的人或者心理医生谈谈)”和上文的“Whether they d it with humr r by ffering wisdm, smetimes getting an utsider’s perspective can help us a lt.(无论他们是用幽默还是智慧来表达，有时候从局外人的角度来看会对我们有很大帮助)”和下文的“If we dn’t have such kind f peple, seeing a therapist might be ur best ptin.(如果我们没有这样的人，看心理医生可能是我们最好的选择)”可知，空格处的内容应与“通过与信任的人交流来解决问题”有关。比较选项可知，G项“我们应该试着找到一个合适的人，他能很好地倾听并提供同理心”符合。故选G。
21．D 22．D 23．B 24．C 25．A 26．A 27．A 28．C 29．C 30．D 31．C 32．A 33．B 34．D 35．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Rsa Sait在68岁时决定成为一名模特，虽历经挑战，但凭借坚韧不拔的精神最终获得成功的故事。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：多年来，她在街上被摄影师接近，每个人都告诉她考虑做模特。A. cngratulated祝贺；B. examined检查；C. appinted任命；D. apprached接近。根据下文“each telling her t cnsider mdeling.”可知，摄影师接近Sait让她考虑做模特。故选D。
22．考查动词短语辨析。句意：她最初拒绝了这个想法，因为从来没有人评论过她的外貌。A. put frward提出；B. tried ut试验；C. nted dwn记下；D. brushed ff拒绝。根据下文“But ver time, smething began t change inside her.”和“ 4 , she decided t embrace the pprtunity.”可知，她最初拒绝了做模特的想法。故选D。
23．考查代词和名词短语词义辨析。句意：“被注意到让我意识到，在我人生的这个阶段，我仍然可以为自己取得一些成就，”她回忆道。A. my family我的家人；B. myself我自己；C. my cmmunity我的社区；D. my fellws我的同事。根据上文“Being sptted made me realize I culd still achieve smething”可知，她意识到她可以为自己实现一些事情。故选B。
24．考查副词词义辨析。句意：最终，她决定接受这个机会。A. Temprarily暂时地；B. Accidentally意外地；C. Eventually最终；D. Permanently永久地。根据下文“she decided t embrace the pprtunity”可知，接受这个机会是她最终的决定。故选C。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的第一次试镜并没有让她得到工作，但这次拒绝却激发了她的热情。A. rejectin拒绝；B. prejudice偏见；C. dilemma困境；D. trick诡计；根据上文“didn’t land her a jb”可知，她被拒绝了。故选A。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我准备继续前进，”Sait说。A. prepared准备；B. allwed允许；C. frced强迫；D. persuaded说服。根据上文“I was used t facing challenges my whle life”可知，她一生都习惯了面对挑战，此处说的是她已经准备好继续前进。故选A。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：年仅22岁的她，在照顾生病的母亲时已经学会了坚韧不拔。A. tughness坚韧；B. faithfulness忠诚；C. tlerance宽容；D. cnfidence自信。根据下文“when she cared fr her sick mther. Later, she raised her three children alne after the lss f her husband.”可知，下文提到了照顾自己的母亲以及失去丈夫后独自抚养三个孩子，这需要坚韧的品质，可推理出此处说的是她学会了坚韧。故选A。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她欣然接受生活带给她的一切。A. prmised承诺；B. awarded奖励；C. brught带来；D. ignred忽略。根据上文“when she cared fr her sick mther. Later, she raised her three children alne after the lss f her husband.”可知，这些都是生活带给她的苦难。故选C。
29．考查动词和动词短语辨析。句意：69岁时，Sait的努力得到了回报，她获得了为一家巴西化妆品品牌担任模特的首份工作。A. disappeared消失；B. cntinued继续；C. paid ff得到回报；D. std ut突出。根据下文“when she gt her first mdelling jb fr a Brazilian csmetics brand”可知，她的努力得到了回报。故选C。
30．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“作为那里最老的人，我走进摄影棚时感到非常紧张，”她回忆道。A. natural自然的；B. frightened害怕的；C. delighted高兴的；D. nervus紧张的。根据下文“But sn, I relaxed”可知，下文使用了转折语气，提到了她很快就放松了，可推理出她刚开始感到非常紧张。故选D。
31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我得到了很多年轻模特的钦佩。A. inspiratin灵感；B. envy嫉妒；C. admiratin钦佩；D. instructin指导。根据下文“I realize my presence was shwing them that yu can grw lder withut”可知，她向年轻人展示了好的品质，因此，她从年轻模特那里得到了很多钦佩。故选C。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我意识到我的存在向他们表明，你可以无畏地变老，”她说。A. fear恐惧；B. pain疼痛；C. dubt怀疑；D. regret后悔。根据下文“I gain strength, curage and cnfidence frm every experience where I face fear”可知，每一次她面对恐惧的经历都让她获得力量，勇气和信心，由此可知，此处说的是没有恐惧。故选A。
33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她为自己70多岁后能有一个新的开始而感到自豪。A. hesitant犹豫的；B. prud自豪的；C. impatient不耐烦的；D. lucky幸运的。根据下文“have a new start after her 70s”可知，她为自己能有一个新的开始而感到自豪。故选B。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我仍然对未来充满了梦想，因为成熟的真正魅力在于勇敢地踏入未知，”她说。A. advantage优势；B. burden负担；C. fear恐惧；D. beauty美丽。根据下文“take a leap int the unknwn”可知，她认为成熟的真正美丽是勇敢地跳入未知。故选D。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“重塑自己永远不会太晚。”A. questin质疑；B. reshape重塑；C. limit限制；D. teach教。根据下文“I gain strength, curage and cnfidence frm every experience where I face fear”可知，下文说的是每一次她面对恐惧的经历都让她获得力量，勇气和信心，可推理出此处说的是重塑自己永远不会太晚。故选B。
36．categries 37．Serving 38．exceptinal 39．wh 40．but 41．first 42．shne 43．have been shwn 44．t 45．created
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了莆田木雕以及其代表人物。
36．考查名词。句意：莆田木雕是中国木雕艺术四大知名门类之一，起源于唐宋时期。categry为可数名词，fur修饰可数名词复数形式。故填categries。
37．考查非谓语动词。句意：它是中国国家非物质文化遗产，是中国东南部福建省的一种传统民间雕刻技术。空处需填非谓语动词作状语，it和serve为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词形式，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Serving。
38．考查形容词。句意：郑春辉、林建军、陈玉树是木雕大师的三位杰出代表。修饰名词representatives需用形容词exceptinal，作定语。故填exceptinal。
39．考查定语从句。句意：郑是省级木雕艺术的传承人，他不仅擅长传统的木雕技术，而且通过他的作品表达了他对家庭和民族的爱。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词inheritr，指人，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词wh引导。故填wh。
40．考查连词。句意同上。nt nly…but (als)…为固定搭配，意为“不仅……，而且……”。故填but。
41．考查序数词。句意：为了推广木雕艺术，郑开设了一个独特的木雕画廊，这是莆田第一个由个人经营并免费向公众开放的画廊。定冠词the修饰序数词，空处需填序数词first。故填first。
42．考查动词时态。句意：几年前，林的精致木雕作品在金砖国家峰会上大出风头，与此同时，陈制作的中国风格的古董家具在过去几年里也在许多国际展览上展出。根据时间状语“several years ag”可知，此处使用一般过去时。故填shne。
43．考查动词时态语态。句意同上。根据时间状语“ver the past few years”可知，使用现在完成时，主语the Chinese-style antique furniture pieces和shw为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为复数名词，助动词用have。故填have been shwn。
44．考查介词。句意：莆田市有2600多家木雕企业，去年创作的木雕作品销往世界20多个国家和地区。be hme t为固定搭配，意为“是……的所在地”。故填t。
45．考查非谓语动词。句意同上。空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰the wd carving wrks，create和the wd carving wrks为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式。故填created。
46．Dear Tm,
I hpe this email finds yu well.
Having received yur cngratulatins n my winning first prize in the activity, Chinese Stries Retld in English, I’m writing t express my heartfelt thanks fr yur cncern and intrduce the stry —Chinese Silk.
Dating back t the Western Zhu perid, Chinese silk basts a lng histry f ver 3, 000 years. Legend has it that Leizu, the wife f the Yellw Emperr, discvered the silk-making prcess. There was an ancient trade and cmmunicatin rute called “The Silk Rad”, prmting the exchange f ideas and gds between China and ther civilizatins.
The activity has nt nly deepened my understanding f Chinese culture, but als strengthened my curage t speak English. I hpe yu can cme t China t experience ur culture.
Lking frward t hearing frm yu sn!
Yurs,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国笔友Tm回信，讲述自己在“用英语讲好中国故事”比赛中讲的故事。
【详解】1.词汇积累
表达：express→extend
衷心：heartfelt→sincere
活动：activity→event
促进：prmte→imprve
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：There was an ancient trade and cmmunicatin rute called “The Silk Rad”, prmting the exchange f ideas and gds between China and ther civilizatins.
拓展句：There was an ancient trade and cmmunicatin rute called “The Silk Rad”, which prmted the exchange f ideas and gds between China and ther civilizatins.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Having received yur cngratulatins n my winning first prize in the activity, Chinese Stries Retld in English, I’m writing t express my heartfelt thanks fr yur cncern and intrduce the stry —Chinese Silk. (运用了现在分词作状语)
[高分句型2] There was an ancient trade and cmmunicatin rute called “The Silk Rad”, prmting the exchange f ideas and gds between China and ther civilizatins. (运用了过去分词作定语和现在分词作状语)
47．范文
Hwever, his team was nw ne pint behind the Lins. Gerge’s heart raced as he eyed the basketball in his hands. The clck ticked dwn, and every secnd felt like an eternity. He knew he had t make the right decisin. Shuld he sht fr the recrd, r pass the ball t set up a winning play? The crwd rared, their shuts a blur in Gerge’s ears. He lked at his teammates, their faces tense and determined. Remembering his dad’s wrds, Gerge made his chice. He passed the ball t David, wh was in a perfect psitin fr a three-pinter. David didn’t hesitate and the ball swished thrugh the net, tying the game.
With n defenders arund, David turned and sht at the basket. Gerge seized the rebund and tk ff twards the ther end f the curt. His heart punded as he drve twards the basket, feeling the weight f the mment n his shulders. He leaped, the ball leaving his fingertips in a perfect arc. It hit the backbard and bunced ff, rlling slwly twards the rim. Gerge held his breath, watching as it inched its way ver the line. The crwd erupted int cheers as the ball fell thrugh, giving Gerge the recrd-breaking 24th pint. But mre imprtantly, it gave his team the lead. They went n t win the game, and Gerge knew that his father wuld be prud.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了乔治在浏览篮球队周年纪念手册的时候，发现是父亲保持了最佳射手的名称，于是乔治再一次比赛的时候发现再进一个球就会打破他父亲的得分记录。紧要关心，他想起了父亲的话，最终取得了胜利。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“然而，他的球队现在落后狮子队一分”可知，第一段可描写乔治比分落后时的心理活动以及行动。
②由第二段首句内容“在没有防守者的情况下，大卫转身向篮下投篮”可知，第二段可描写乔治打破纪录，也让团队领先，让父亲骄傲。
2.续写线索：比分落后——下定决心——队友合作——投球成功——打破纪录——团队领先——父亲骄傲
3.词汇激活
行为类
①看着：eye/stare at
②冲向：drive twards /rush t
③怦怦跳：pund/ thrb
情绪类
①紧张：tense/nervus
②正确：right/crrect
【点睛】[高分句型1] He passed the ball t David, wh was in a perfect psitin fr a three-pinter. (运用了wh引导非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] His heart punded as he drve twards the basket, feeling the weight f the mment n his shulders. (运用了as引导时间状语从句)
题号
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
答案
C
A
D
A
D
B
D
C
A
D
题号
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
答案
B
C
A
D
C
D
B
C
F
G
题号
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
答案
D
D
B
C
A
A
A
C
C
D
题号
31
32
33
34
35





答案
C
A
B
D
B