人教版 (2019)Unit 4 Natural disasters完美版课件ppt

这是一份人教版 (2019)Unit 4 Natural disasters完美版课件ppt，共32页。PPT课件主要包含了单元语法精析，that　，which　，whose　，wears　，as　，　　　　 ，　　 ，　　 等内容，欢迎下载使用。
Sectin Ⅱ　Discvering Useful Structures
语法点拨一、定语从句的概述在复合句中对名词、代词、名词性短语、句子进行修饰、限定的从句叫定语从句。被定语从句修饰的成分叫先行词。引导定语从句的关系词有两种：关系代词和关系副词。常见的关系代词包括that, which, wh(宾格为whm，所有格为whse)等，关系副词包括where, when, why等。关系代词和关系副词有三个作用：①引导从句；②指代先行词；③在定语从句中作成分。
关系代词引导的定语从句
The peple whm yu met n the campus yesterday are frm England.你昨天在大学校园里见到的那些人来自英国。He is reading a bk which is written by Lu Xun.他正在读一本鲁迅写的书。
二、关系代词的用法1．关系代词有wh, whm, whse, which, that等。它们的具体使用情况如下表所示：
2．在定语从句中，使用关系代词时我们应该考虑两点：一是先行词是“人”还是“物”；二是关系代词在定语从句中充当什么成分。He is a man wh/that means what he says.他是一个说话算话的人。(先行词指人，关系代词wh/that引导定语从句，并在从句中作主语)
Is there anyne in yur class whse father is a teacher?你们班有谁的父亲是老师？(先行词指人，关系代词whse引导定语从句，并在定语从句中作定语)T be frank, I dn’t like the mvie (which/that) yu recmmended t me yesterday.坦率地讲，我不喜欢你昨天推荐给我的那部影片。(先行词指物，关系代词which/that引导定语从句，并在从句中作宾语，可省略)
关系代词在从句中作主语时，根据先行词的单复数确定从句谓语动词的单复数。He is the nly ne f the students wh knws French in ur class.他是我们班里唯一懂法语的学生。(the nly ne为先行词)He is ne f the students wh knw French in ur class.他是我们班里懂法语的学生之一。(students为先行词)
whse还是which关系代词在定语从句中作定语时，无论指人还是指物，都要用whse，而不能用which。That’s the new machine whse parts are t small t be seen.那是一台零件小到看不见的新机器。Have yu seen the film Titanic, whse leading actr is wrld－famus?你看过《泰坦尼克号》这部电影吗？它的男主角是世界著名的。
关系词，引定从，它们的用法各不同。that可作主宾表，指人指物它都行。which专来指物用，主语、宾语它也能。wh和whm来指人，whm仅作宾语用。whse一词作定语，指人指物都管用。
用定语从句合并句子①I live next dr t a cuple.Their children ften make a lt f nise.__________________________________________________________②The man is frm Peking University.I talked abut the man at the meeting._______________________________________________________________________
I live next dr t a cuple whse children ften make a lt f nise.　The man (wh/whm/that) I talked abut at the meeting is frm Peking University.　
③The by is sitting n the chair.The by is my brther._______________________________________________④The city is near the sea.The city is very beautiful._______________________________________________
The by wh/that is sitting n the chair is my brther.　The city which/that is near the sea is very beautiful.　
三、关系代词that与which的用法辨析1．关系代词用that而不用which的情况(1)当先行词是all, much, anything, nthing, everything，little, nne等不定代词时或先行词被all，much，any，n，every，sme，little等不定代词修饰时She tld me everything that she knew.她把她所知道的一切都告诉了我。
(2)先行词既有人又有物时I can remember well the persns and sme pictures that I saw in the rm.我能清楚地记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。(3)先行词为序数词或被序数词修饰时The first place that they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill.在桂林他们参观的第一个地方是象鼻山。
(4)先行词为形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时This is the best film that I have ever seen.这是我看过的最好的电影。(5)先行词为the last, the nly, the very, the same等或被这些词修饰时Mr. Smith is the nly freigner that he knws.史密斯先生是他唯一认识的外国人。This is the very rm that I slept in that evening.这正是我那天晚上睡觉的房间。
the 与the 的区别一般情况下，the 指的是与先行词同类的事物/人，而the 与先行词指的是同一个事物/人。This is the same pen as I bught yesterday.这和我昨天买的那支钢笔一样。(同一类，表相似)This is the same pen that I brrwed frm Mr Li.这就是我从李老师那里借的钢笔。(同一物，表同一)
(6)主句是以wh或which开头的特殊疑问句时Which is the true stry that he tld us?他给我们讲的哪一个故事是真实的？
2．关系代词用which而不用that的情况(1)先行词为that时—What’s that which is under the desk?桌子底下的那个东西是什么？—It’s a ftball.那是一个足球。
(2)关系代词前有介词时This is the rm in which he lives.这是他住的房间。(3)引导非限制性定语从句时Tm came back, which made us happy.汤姆回来了，这使我们很高兴。
强调句与定语从句的区别It was the student that/wh asked the silly questin.就是这个学生问了这么一个愚蠢的问题。(强调句)He was the student wh asked the silly questin.他就是那个问了愚蠢问题的学生。(定语从句)
选词填空(that/which)①Finally, the thief handed everything ________ he had stlen t the plice.②Have yu any bks ________ are wrth reading?③This is the best film ________ I have ever seen.④I’m ging t talk abut the cuntries and peple ________ I have visited.⑤Bamb is hllw, _________ makes it very light.
专项练习Ⅰ．单句语法填空1．The ld twn has narrw streets and small huses _____________ are built clse t each ther.2．She has a gift fr creating an atmsphere fr her students _____________ allws them t cmmunicate freely with each ther.3．The prize will g t the writer _________ stry shws the mst imaginatin.4．I’ve becme gd friends with several f the students in my schl _______________ I met in the English speech cntest last year.
that/which　
which/that　
wh/whm/that　
5．—D yu have anything t say fr yurselves?—Yes, there’s ne pint _____________ we must insist n.6．I refuse t accept the blame fr smething ________ was smene else’s fault.7．Jack is the mst intelligent man _______________ I’ve ever met.8．As a child, Jack studied in a village schl, _________ is named after his grandfather.9．Barbara is easy t recgnize as she’s the nly ne f the wmen wh _________ (wear) evening dress.10．I have the same magazine ______ yu bught just nw.
that/wh/whm　
Ⅱ．完成句子1．This is the magazine __________________________.这就是我最喜欢的那本杂志。2．The girl ____________________ is ne f my classmates.正在唱歌的女孩是我的一个同学。3．We’re talking abut the pian and the pianist _______________ ___________.我们正在讨论昨晚见到的钢琴和钢琴家。
(that/which) I like best　
wh/that is singing　
(that) we saw 　
last night 　
4．Everything ____________________ has been dne.应当做的事情已经做了。5．This afternn we’ll g t see the pht shw _____________ __________________.今天下午我们要去看你们参观过的照片展。6．I’ll tell yu _______________________________.我要告诉你他上周告诉我的一切。7．That tree ___________________________ lks very beautiful.那棵开着淡红色的花的树看起来很漂亮。
that shuld be dne　
(that/which) 　
yu have visited 　
all (that) he tld me last week　
whse flwers are light red　
8．The girl ______________________________________ is Tm’s sister.他们正在谈论的女孩是汤姆的妹妹。9．Can yu lend me the bk _________________________________?你能借给我你昨天买的那本书吗？10．Is this the factry _______________________ the ther day?这是你那天参观过的那家工厂吗？
(wh/whm/that) they are talking abut　
(that/which) yu bught yesterday　
that/which yu visited　
Ⅲ．使用定语从句简要介绍你的家人和你。1．我父亲在本市非常著名的一家医院工作。(　which/that　)2．我的母亲就在我上学的那所学校教数学。(　that　)3．她喜欢看著名演员主演的电视剧。(　whse　)4．我是一个热爱篮球的男孩。(　wh　)5．我有几个经常一起打篮球的好朋友。(　whm　)
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参考范文：My father wrks in a hspital which is very famus in ur city. My mther teaches maths in the schl that I study in. She likes watching TV plays whse leading actrs are famus. I am a by wh likes playing basketball. I have several gd friends whm I ften play basketball with.