安徽省五市2023-2024学年高二（上）期末联考英语试卷（解析版）

这是一份安徽省五市2023-2024学年高二（上）期末联考英语试卷（解析版），共22页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7，5分，满分37， Wh is Marei?等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What is under the by’s pillw?
A．The gegraphy bk. B．The physics bk. C．The histry bk.
2．Where des this cnversatin prbably take place?
A．At hme. B．In a bar. C．In an ffice.
3．What instrument des Harry need t practise mre?
A．The guitar. B．The pian. C．The vilin.
4．What will the man d first?
A．G swimming. B．Get his bks. C．Play tennis.
5．Why did the wman g t twn?
A．T learn abut e-payment.
B．T buy bks.
C．T draw sme mney.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．Where is the festival Burning Man held?
A．In a trading center. B．In the desert. C．In the wds.
7．What can peple d inside Burning Man?
A．Use cash. B．Trade stuff. C．Burn papers.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8．What des the man say abut King Team?
A．They wn the match. B．They lst by ne gal. C．They played very well.
9．When did Mike leave the match?
A．Ten minutes after it began.
B．Twenty minutes after it began.
C．Twenty minutes befre it ended.
10．Wh did the man g with?
A．His sister. B．His brther. C．His father.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11．What are the speakers talking abut?
A．A place. B．A hliday. C．A dinner.
12．What did the man buy in Chinatwn?
A．Sme lanterns. B．Sme firewrks. C．An upside-dwn “Fu”.
13．What des the wman think f the man’s New Year’s Eve?
A．Amusing. B．Relaxing. C．Tiring.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14．What will the man d this Sunday?
A．Prepare a gift. B．Attend a party. C．G muntain climbing.
15．What kind f bk des the man’s sister like?
A．Detective nvels. B．Painting bks. C．Rmantic stries.
16．What present will the man give his sister?
A．A ty. B．A dress. C．A ticket t a cncert.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．What is the relatinship between the tw artists?
A．Strangers. B．Clleagues. C．Schlmates.
18．Which directin des Xia Han’s studi face?
A．Suth. B．West. C．East.
19．What are He Ting’s paintings mainly abut?
A．Landscapes. B．Animals. C．Peple and life.
20．What is He Ting’s attitude twards the future f traditinal Chinese painting?
A．Wrried. B．Psitive. C．Dubtful.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
4 Mdern Rbts That Will Shape Our Future
There was nce a time when rbts were limited t science-fictin mvies and nvels. Nw we have a wide variety f rbts, available fr ur service. Here are 4 examples.
Valkyrie
NASA’s “superher” rbt is 6 feet 2 inches in height and was riginally designed fr use n the Internatinal Space Statin. Valkyrie is able t walk by itself, pick up bjects and use tls. NASA hpes that ne day, it can help humans in danger znes and disaster-stricken areas. The rbt is basically a she-bt since it was built with female characteristics.
Schaft
This rbt, made by a Japanese cmpany (which was later bught by Ggle), wn the recent DARPA rbtics cmpetitin. The 4 feet 11 inches in height rbt can pwer itself instead f a battery. This gives it greater mvement since batteries limit hw fast the rbt can actually perfrm tasks. Schaft blew the cmpetitin away.
Ian the Invincible
Ian, based n the Atlas rbt, is created by Ggle-wned, Bstn Dynamics. The 6 feet 2 inches in height rbt has 28 hydraulically actuated jints and stere visin. What makes Ian unique is the sftware which allws him t drive a car. Ian came secnd at the Rb-Olympics, but the 330pund giant still has quite a way t g.
Telebt
Still under develpment at Flrida Internatinal University, Telebt will give injured and disabled plice fficers an pprtunity t g back t wrk. The rbt is 180 cm in height, travels n wheels and is remte cntrlled. Three HD cameras give Telebt a 360 degree view and with multiple sensrs, it helps cps t mnitr any dangerus situatin frm a safe distance.
1. What des Valkyrie feature?
A. Built-in cameras.B. The capacity t use tls.
C. Its unique gender design.D. The ability t pick up bjects.
2. What d Schaft and Ian the Invincible have in cmmn?
A. They have the same height.B. They ffer similar applicatins.
C. They bth wn in the Rb-Olympics.D. They nw belng t the same firm.
3. Wh is Telebt intended fr?
A. The disabled.B. The plice.C. The elderly.D. The astrnauts.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B
【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了4款会影响未来的现代机器人。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。本题问Valkyrie款机器人的特点。根据Valkyrie部分的“The rbt is basically a she-bt since it was built with female characteristics.(这个机器人基本上是一个女性机器人，因为它是带有女性特征的)”可知，这个机器人是以女性特征制造的，是有性别的。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Schaft部分“This rbt, made by a Japanese cmpany (which was later bught by Ggle)…(这个机器人由一家日本公司制造(后来被谷歌收购)…)”和Ian the Invincible部分的“Ian, based n the Atlas rbt, is created by Ggle-wned, Bstn Dynamics.(伊恩的原型是阿特拉斯机器人，由谷歌旗下的波士顿动力公司制造)”可知，现在它们隶属于同一家公司-谷歌。故选D项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Still under develpment at Flrida Internatinal University, Telebt will give injured and disabled plice fficers an pprtunity t g back t wrk.(佛罗里达国际大学仍在开发Telebt，它将使受伤和残疾的警察有机会重返工作岗位)”及“it helps cps t mnitr any dangerus situatin frm a safe distance.(它可以帮助警察从安全距离监视任何危险情况)”可知，这款机器人是专为警察设计的。故选B项。
B
Marei S.B., 25, gt her first taste f her dream career this past summer in Clrad, where she interned (实习) at Wdward, Inc., an American designer, manufacturer, and service prvider f cntrl system cmpnents fr aircraft engines fr sme f the wrld’s largest aircraft cmpanies. Marei was part f the platfrm develpment engineering team at Wdward, helping train the peratins and engineering teams n crucial aircraft cmpnents.
“This was my very first internship, and I was amazed by the aerspace industry,” she said. “We were always crunched under deadlines, and custmers, understandably, requested large wrk rders. There was always a pressure t perfrm yur best and prvide them with the best pssible units made at ur plant. This taught me a lt abut hw demanding and fast-paced the industry is, but it als cnfirmed and reassured me that I really want t wrk in the aerspace industry.”
The internship required Marei t use bth her technical engineering and interpersnal skills. She wrked with bth the engineering and peratins teams at Wdward. “The peratins team didn’t necessarily have engineering degrees, s I had t break dwn technical terms int everyday wrds that we use,” she said. “It taught me t be specific and precise. Even if I have t repeat things three r fur times, that’s ttally fine. I’d rather be mre repetitive and ensure each step is crrect than have t rewrk the entire prcess.”
Marei als helped train the teams thrugh prduct displays and visual wrk instructins n hw t manufacture specific prducts. That brught its wn unique thrill, as the instructins she created culd be used lng after her internship ended.
Marei is planning t return t Wdward this winter. She’ll have anther semester’s wrth f engineering knwledge, which will further her int the career she’s always wanted. “I gt t apply many f the things I learned at Harvard,” she said. “The internship taught me the technical knwledge I’d need t learn frm my curses that culd be applied here.”
4. Wh is Marei?
A. An American manufacturer.
B. A graduate frm Wdward.
C. A lng-time wrker f Wdward, Inc..
D. An advanced student gaining practical experience.
5. What des the underlined wrd “crunched” in Paragraph 2 prbably mean?
A. Extremely busy.B. Desperately frustrated.
C. Really satisfied.D. Especially randm.
6. Which wrds can best describe Marei’s wrk in Wdward, Inc.?
A. Bring but rewarding.B. Mtivating and smth.
C. Demanding but beneficial.D. Challenging and cmfrtable.
7. Why will Marei return t Wdward?
A. T hunt fr further study in high cllege.
B. T realize the ptential in teaching.
C. T better put the knwledge int practice.
D. T fulfill the initial dream at the yung age.
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. C 7. C
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了25岁的Marei S.B.在美国伍德沃德公司实习的经历，她作为平台开发工程团队的一员，帮助培训和指导操作和工程团队关于关键飞机部件的知识。这次实习让她深刻体会到了航空航天工业的严苛和高效率，同时也坚定了她从事航空航天事业的决心。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Marei S.B., 25, gt her first taste f her dream career this past summer in Clrad, where she interned (实习) at Wdward, Inc., an American designer, manufacturer, and service prvider f cntrl system cmpnents fr aircraft engines fr sme f the wrld’s largest aircraft cmpanies.(今年夏天，25岁的Marei S.B.在科罗拉多州的伍德沃德公司第一次体验了她梦寐以求的职业生涯。伍德沃德公司是一家美国设计、制造和服务提供商，为世界上一些最大的飞机公司提供飞机发动机控制系统组件)”可知，Marei S.B.在为世界上一些最大的飞机公司提供飞机发动机控制系统组件的美国伍德沃德公司实习，是一位想获得实习经验的优秀学生。故选D项。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段中“We were always crunched under deadlines, and custmers, understandably, requested large wrk rders.(我们总是在截止日期前crunched，客户要求大量的工作订单也是可以理解的)”和“This taught me a lt abut hw demanding and fast-paced the industry is(这让我了解到这个行业的要求有多高，节奏有多快)”可知，Marei S.B.从事的这一行业要求多高，节奏快，结合划线词后“custmers, understandably, requested large wrk rders”可推知，因为客户要求大量的工作订单，所以在截止日期前会“很忙”。划线词crunched与同义extremely busy。故选A项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“There was always a pressure t perfrm yur best and prvide them with the best pssible units made at ur plant. This taught me a lt abut hw demanding and fast-paced the industry is, but it als cnfirmed and reassured me that I really want t wrk in the aerspace industry.(总是有一种压力，要表现得最好，并为他们提供最好的我们的工厂制作的元件。这让我了解到这个行业的要求有多高、节奏有多快，但也让我确信，我真的想在航空航天行业工作)”可知，在伍德沃德公司的实习工作要求很高(demanding)；根据第四段中“That brught its wn unique thrill, as the instructins she created culd be used lng after her internship ended.(这带来了独特的快乐，因为她创建的说明可以在实习结束后很长一段时间内使用)”和最后一段中“The internship taught me the technical knwledge I’d need t learn frm my curses that culd be applied here.(实习教会了我需要从课程中学习的技术知识，这些知识可以应用到这里)”可知，实习工作带来了好处(beneficial)。故选C项。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Marei is planning t return t Wdward this winter. She’ll have anther semester’s wrth f engineering knwledge, which will further her int the career she’s always wanted. “I gt t apply many f the things I learned at Harvard,” she said.(Marei计划今年冬天回到伍德沃德。她将学习一个学期的工程知识，这将进一步推动她一直想要的职业生涯。“我把在哈佛学到的很多东西都用上了，”她说)”可知，Marei会回到伍德沃德是因为她想把新学期学到的知识付诸实践。故选C项。
C
“Everybdy is talented because everybdy wh is human has smething t express,” said American jurnalist Brenda Ueland. Hwever, smetimes strict teachers r art wrld culd kill creative spark in thse wh might nt meet academic r art wrld expectatins.
Frm a yung age, Emily’s parents intrduced her t art. Her father tk her t wrld-renwned galleries in Germany, Italy, r France. Althugh her father lved and fcused n Medieval and religius art, nine-year-ld Emily was taken aback by the Mdern Art. “I wuld g t the Mdern Art sectin n my wn. The paintings were fantastic, and my heart flew lking at them,” said Emily.
Althugh she lved arts and tk creative subjects at schl, she never had enugh time t dedicate t painting. Only after she cmpleted her Ph.D. in systematic thelgy (神学) at The University f St. Michael’s Cllege in Canada, she fund time t paint in 1996. “I was already teaching thelgy, and I enrlled (报名) in a waterclur class. Once I started, I culd nt stp,” she said.
Emily wrks as an independent fundraiser cnsultant fr nn-prfit rganizatins, in additin t her respnsibilities as a Fund Develper at Cardinal Felix Fundatin. She regularly takes art classes r paints at hme, but she packs her clurs n every trip. “Painting helps me t get in tuch with my true self. It has made my life richer,” she said.
In her painting, she likes t fcus n a single bject and draw attentin t its details. “I like t see what is unique abut an bject and hw it cmplements its surrunding,” she said. Emily enjys creating clurful and nvel scenes. She ignres remarks f thse wh fllw strict art cncepts and wh is cnsidered a genuine artist. Emily views art and creativity as a unique language that intrduces her t different aspects f life and peple. “Art is als my best friend. It is always here fr me,” she said.
8. Why des the authr mentin Brenda Ueland?
A. T share a depressing stry.B. T clarify insights n art creatin.
C. T assume the prspect f talents.D. T demnstrate the creativity f artists.
9. What d we knw abut Emily’s father?
A. He led Emily t the dr f art.
B. He accmpanied Emily t paint all the way.
C. He was against the chice f systematic thelgy.
D. He had the same tastes in art and similar hbbies.
10. When did Emily actually begin t draw pictures?
A. At a yung age.B. During the trip t France.
C. In the University f St. Michael’s Cllege.D. After btaining her Ph. D. in Canada.
11. Hw did Emily react t the strict art critics?
A. Turn a deaf ear and be true t herself.
B. Fllw their prfessinal and far-reaching advice.
C. Learn frm their educatinal and creative remarks.
D. Adpt critical thinking t handle the criticism.
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. D 11. A
【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要讲述了Emily的绘画之路和对绘画的感悟。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段““Everybdy is talented because everybdy wh is human has smething t express,” said American jurnalist Brenda Ueland. Hwever, smetimes strict teachers r art wrld culd kill creative spark in thse wh might nt meet academic r art wrld expectatins. (美国记者Brenda Ueland说：“每个人都很有天赋，因为每个人都有表达的东西。”。然而，有时严格的老师或艺术界可能会扼杀那些可能达不到学术或艺术界期望的人的创造力。)”可知，作者提到Brenda Ueland是为了阐述其对艺术创作的感悟和理解。故选B项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Frm a yung age, Emily’s parents intrduced her t art. Her father tk her t wrld-renwned galleries in Germany, Italy, r France. (从小，Emily的父母就向她介绍艺术。她的父亲带她去了德国、意大利或法国的世界知名画廊。)”可知，艾米丽的父亲引领其进入绘画之门。故选A项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Only after she cmpleted her Ph.D. in systematic thelgy (神学) at The University f St. Michael’s Cllege in Canada, she fund time t paint in 1996. (直到她在加拿大圣迈克尔大学学院完成了系统神学博士学位后，她才在1996年抽出时间画画。)”可知，艾米丽在加拿大获得博士学位后开始画画。故选D项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“She ignres remarks f thse wh fllw strict art cncepts and wh is cnsidered a genuine artist. Emily views art and creativity as a unique language that intrduces her t different aspects f life and peple. “Art is als my best friend. It is always here fr me,” she said. (她忽略了那些遵循严格艺术概念、被认为是真正艺术家的人的言论。Emily将艺术和创造力视为一种独特的语言，将她介绍给生活和人们的不同方面。“艺术也是我最好的朋友。它永远在我身边，”她说。)”可知，艾米丽对严格的艺术评论家的言论充耳不闻，她把艺术和创造力视为一种独特的语言，能让她了解生活和人们的不同方面，忠于自己。故选A项。
D
A species f spider lives its entire life underwater, despite having lungs that can nly breathe atmspheric xygen. Hw des it d it? This spider, knwn as the Argyrneta aquatica, has millins f rugh, water-repellent (防水) hairs that trap air arund its bdy, creating an xygen can and acting as a barrier between the spider’s lungs and the water.
Nw, a team f researchers led by the Harvard Jhn A. Paulsn Schl f Engineering and Applied Sciences(SEAS), has develped a superhydrphbic (超疏水) surface with a stable plastrn (胸甲) that can last fr mnths under water, fllwing the suit f the spider.
“Research in these materials is an extremely exciting area that cntinues t bring int the regin f man-made materials elegant slutins evlved in nature, which allw us t intrduce new materials with prperties never seen befre,” said Janna Aizenberg. “This research exemplifies hw uncvering these principles can lead t develping surfaces that maintain superhydrphbicity underwater.”
Researchers have knwn fr 20 years that a stable underwater plastrn was theretically pssible but, until nw, haven’t been able t shw it experimentally. One f the biggest issues with plastrns is that they need rugh surfaces t frm, like the hair f Argyrneta aquatica. But this rughness makes the surface mechanically unstable and subtle t any small change in temperature, pressure, r tiny defect.
But with a new methd and a simple manufacturing technique, the team designed a surface frm a cmmnly used and inexpensive material with a lng-lasting plastrn that kept the surface dry thusands f hurs lnger than previus experiments and even lnger than the plastrns f living species. T prve the stability f the plastrn, the researchers put the surface thrugh the test-bending it, twisting it, hitting it with ht and cld water, and rubbing it with sand and steel.
12. What des the first paragraph mainly talk abut?
A. The characteristics f the Argyrneta aquatica.
B. The ptential threat t the existence f the Argyrneta aquatica.
C. The effect f the Argyrneta aquatica in the water wrld.
D. The dilemma f the Argyrneta aquatica facing t survive underwater.
13. What may Janna Aizenberg apprve f?
A. The prspect f man-made materials taking place f natural nes.
B. The necessity f measuring the advantages f develping creative surfaces.
C. The significance f detecting the principles in animals t discver rare species.
D. The benefit f bserving nature and making full use f it t create new materials.
14. Why was it hard t prduce a stable underwater plastrn previusly?
A. Because f lack f raw materials.
B. Since there was n example t fllw.
C. Due t the shrtage f experimental experiences.
D. Because the special surface makes it difficult t be stable.
15. What can be the best title fr the text?
A. A Breath-catching SpiderB. Staying-dry Plastrn Underwater
C. Innvatins in Wildlife PrtectinD. Recgnitin f Cpying Spider’s Rle
【答案】12. A 13. D 14. D 15. B
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科研人员研发的一种可以在水下佩戴的胸甲，这是根据一种在水下生活一辈子却只能呼吸大气中氧气的蜘蛛的皮肤研发而成的。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“A species f spider lives its entire life underwater, despite having lungs that can nly breathe atmspheric xygen. Hw des it d it? This spider, knwn as the Argyrneta aquatica, has millins f rugh, water-repellent (防水) hairs that trap air arund its bdy, creating an xygen can and acting as a barrier between the spider’s lungs and the water. (一种蜘蛛一生都生活在水下，尽管它的肺只能呼吸大气中的氧气。它是如何做到的? 这种被称为Argyrneta aquaticade 蜘蛛有数百万根粗糙的防水毛，这些毛可以将空气困在身体周围，形成一个氧气罐，并作为蜘蛛肺部和水之间的屏障。)”可知，第一段主要介绍了这种蜘蛛一辈子都生活在水下，是因为其独特的皮肤毛发的特点。故选A项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Research in these materials is an extremely exciting area that cntinues t bring int the regin f man-made materials elegant slutins evlved in nature, which allw us t intrduce new materials with prperties never seen befre (对这些材料的研究是一个非常令人兴奋的领域，它将继续为人造材料领域带来自然界中进化出来的好的解决方案，这使我们能够引入前所未有的新材料)”及“This research exemplifies hw uncvering these principles can lead t develping surfaces that maintain superhydrphbicity underwater. (这项研究举例说明了揭示这些原理如何能够开发出在水下保持超疏水性的表面的材料。)”可知Janna Aizenberg应该赞成观察自然并利用其引入前所未有的性能的新材料是有益于人类的。故选D项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“One f the biggest issues with plastrns is that they need rugh surfaces t frm, like the hair f Argyrneta aquatica. But this rughness makes the surface mechanically unstable and subtle t any small change in temperature, pressure, r tiny defect. ( 关于这种胸甲最大的问题之一是它们需要粗糙的表面来形成，就像Argyrneta aquatica蜘蛛的毛发一样。但这种粗糙度使得表面不稳定，对温度、压力或微小缺陷的任何微小变化都很敏感。)”可知，从物理机械学角度这种粗糙度使得表面很难维持稳定。故选D项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据全文尤其是第二段“Nw, a team f researchers led by the Harvard Jhn A. Paulsn Schl f Engineering and Applied Sciences(SEAS), has develped a superhydrphbic (超疏水) surface with a stable plastrn (胸甲) that can last fr mnths under water, fllwing the suit f the spider. (现在，由哈佛大学Harvard Jhn A. Paulsn工程与应用科学学院(SEAS)领导的一组研究人员已经开发出一种超疏水表面(超疏水)，其稳定的板(胸甲)可以在水下持续数月，就像蜘蛛的衣服一样。)”及最后一段“But with a new methd and a simple manufacturing technique, the team designed a surface frm a cmmnly used and inexpensive material with a lng-lasting plastrn that kept the surface dry thusands f hurs lnger than previus experiments and even lnger than the plastrns f living species. ( 但通过一种新方法和一种简单的制造技术，该团队用一种常用且廉价的材料设计了一种表面，这种表面具有持久的胸甲，比以前的实验保持表面干燥的时间长数千小时，甚至比生物的胸甲还要长。)”可知文章主要介绍了一种根据仿生一种水下生存的蜘蛛而新研发的可长时间保持干燥的防水胸甲。故选B项。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Overcming Fear f Failure
Have yu ever been s afraid f failing at smething that yu decided nt t try at all? Or has fear f failure meant that, subcnsciusly, yu undermined (削弱) yur wn effrts t avid the pssibility f a larger failure? ____16____ It’s imprtant t realize that in everything we d, there’s always a chance that we’ll fail. Facing that chance and embracing it give us a mre rewarding life. Here are a few ways t reduce the fear f failing.
Analyze all ptential utcmes. ____17____ Remve that fear by cnsidering all f the ptential utcmes f yur decisin. Yu can map pssible utcmes visually.
Set small gals. Imagining hw life will be after yu’ve reached yur gal is a great mtivatr t keep yu mving frward. S start by setting a few small gals. ____18____ Dn’t fcus n the end picture. Just fcus n the next step. Taking ne small step at a time will help build yur cnfidence, keep yu mving twards yur final gal.
Learn t think mre psitively. Every cin has tw sides. ____19____ Learn t change yur thughts and fcus mre n the bright side f the situatin, making yu like yurself. Psitive thinking is an incredibly pwerful way t build self-cnfidence.
____20____ In sme cases, the tughest situatin may be genuinely disastrus (灾难性的) and it may be perfectly reasnable t fear failure. In ther cases, hwever, this wrst case may actually nt be that bad, and recgnizing this can help.
A. Lk at the wrse-case situatin.
B. It is up t yu t decide which ne t lk at.
C. Failing at smething can help yu discver yur truest friends.
D. Many f us have prbably experienced this at ne time r anther.
E. If yu are afraid f failure, yu might be uncmfrtable setting gals.
F. These shuld be gals that are slightly, but nt verwhelmingly, challenging.
G. Many peple experience fear f failure because they fear the unknwn.
【答案】16. D 17. G 18. F 19. B 20. A
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章就如何减少人们对失败的恐惧给了四个方法。
【16题详解】
上文“Have yu ever been s afraid f failing at smething that yu decided nt t try at all? Or has fear f failure meant that, subcnsciusly, yu undermined (削弱) yur wn effrts t avid the pssibility f a larger failure? (你有没有因为害怕某件事失败而决定根本不去尝试？还是对失败的恐惧意味着，在潜意识里，你破坏了自己为避免更大失败的可能性所做的努力)”讲述了人们害怕失败的现象和背后的心理因素，再结合下文“It’s imprtant t realize that in everything we d, there’s always a chance that we’ll fail. (重要的是要认识到，在我们所做的每件事中，总会有失败的机会)”，该空应该讲失败存在的普遍性，D选项“我们中的许多人可能曾经经历过这种情况。”切合语境，也可引出下文讲人总会有失败的时候。故选D项。
【17题详解】
由小标题“Analyze all ptential utcmes. (分析所有潜在结果。)”可知本段主要讲减少人们对失败恐惧的方法之一——分析事情将产生的所有（好坏）结果，该空应该要分析人们害怕失败的原因，G选项“许多人害怕失败是因为他们害怕未知。”是对段落标题的阐释。故选G项。
【18题详解】
由小标题“Set small gals. (设定小目标。)”可知本段主要讲减少人们对失败恐惧的方法之一——设定小目标，再结合上文“S start by setting a few small gals. (所以，从设定几个小目标开始)”可知，该空应该讲具体如何设置小目标，F选项“这些目标应该具有轻微的挑战性，但不是压倒性的挑战性。”对前句的小目标具体解释。故选F项。
【19题详解】
由小标题“Learn t think mre psitively. (学会更积极地思考。)”可知本段主要讲减少人们对失败恐惧的方法之一——学会更积极地思考，再结合上文“Every cin has tw sides. (凡事都有两面性。)”可知，该空应该讲积极思考事物两面性后应该怎么做，B选项“你来决定要看哪一面。”切合语境。故选B项。
【20题详解】
该空选取小标题，需总结下文。由下文“In sme cases, the tughest situatin may be genuinely disastrus (灾难性的) and it may be perfectly reasnable t fear failure. In ther cases, hwever, this wrst case may actually nt be that bad, and recgnizing this can help. (在某些情况下，最艰难的情况可能真的是灾难性的，害怕失败可能是完全合理的。然而，在其他情况下，这种最坏的情况实际上可能没有那么糟糕，认识到这一点会有所帮助。)”可知，本段在谈论最坏的情况，A选项“看看更糟糕的情况。”切合语境。故选A项。
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Mike Veny was walking t his truck ne afternn when he received an email frm a clleague ____21____ that sme infrmatin he needed fr a prject wasn’t available. Immediately, he became ____22____ and thught abut a grwing list f cmplains: a cwrker wh ____23____ him, peple n the street were lking at him funny, his dad hadn’t ____24____ him all week... Veny, wh wrks in a cmpany that ____25____ mental wellness (心理健康), recalled, “Bad feelings strmed faster and faster until things ____26____ 10,000 times.”
____27____, Veny had a plan fr dealing with these. He ____28____ in the middle f the street t cllect himself and then gt int his ____29____. He thught abut the answers t three _____30_____: What d I feel? Anger, but als sadness at lsing wrk and fear f whether I wuld get the mtivatin by ging t the _____31_____. Where d I feel it? In my chest and stmach. What d I need nw? Time t feel the emtins rather than suppress (压制) them.
Next, he went t the gym. The music was lud and he became relaxed while he _____32_____. When he gt hme, he did yga, which he says helps him let g f his _____33_____ emtins. In bed that night, Veny _____34_____ he had a smile n his face. He said, “I felt like I was in _____35_____ again, like I had taken my pwer back.”
21. A. statingB. stressingC. prvingD. learning
22. A. excitedB. regretfulC. angryD. depressed
23. A. thrilledB. annyedC. qualifiedD. interested
24. A. supprtedB. treatedC. persuadedD. called
25. A. prvidesB. prducesC. discversD. invents
26. A. wrsenedB. clearedC. tuchedD. kept
27. A. UnfrtunatelyB. FrequentlyC. LuckilyD. Relatively
28. A. pausedB. failedC. vlunteeredD. crashed
29. A. carB. truckC. shpD. flat
30. A. testsB. principlesC. questinsD. wnders
31. A. cinemaB. cmpanyC. fficeD. gym
32. A. wrked utB. acted utC. cleared utD. cried ut
33. A. interestingB. psitiveC. negativeD. cnfusing
34. A. determinedB. realizedC. ignredD. demanded
35. A. effectB. fashinC. shapeD. cntrl
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. A 27. C 28. A 29. B 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. D
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Mike Veny用锻炼的方式放松心情化解了愤怒的情绪。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天下午， Mike Veny正走向他的卡车，这时他收到了一位同事的电子邮件，说他需要的一些项目信息没有了。A. stating陈述，说明；B. stressing强调；C. prving证明；D. learning学习，得知。根据前文“he received an email frm a clleague”和后文“that sme infrmatin he needed fr a prject wasn’t available”可知，此处指邮件中说的内容。故选A项。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他立刻生气了，脑海中浮现出越来越多的抱怨：一个同事惹恼了他，街上的人都用奇怪的眼光看他，他爸爸一个星期都没给他打电话……。A. excited兴奋的；B. regretful遗憾的，后悔的；C. angry生气的；D. depressed沮丧的。根据前文“sme infrmatin he needed fr a prject wasn’t available”和后文“a grwing list f cmplaints”可知，他的重要信息丢失，所以生气了。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. thrilled使激动；B. annyed使恼怒；C. qualified使具备资格；D. interested使感兴趣。根据常识和前文“a grwing list f cmplaints”可知，他的抱怨中包括同事惹恼了他。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. supprted支持；B. treated对待；C. persuaded说服；D. called打电话。根据常识和前文“a grwing list f cmplaints”可知，他的抱怨中包括他爸爸长时间没有给他打电话。故选D项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Veny在一家提供心理健康服务的公司工作，她回忆说：“糟糕的情绪越来越快地袭来，直到情况恶化了一万倍。”A. prvides提供；B. prduces生产；C. discvers发现；D. invents发明。根据后文“mental wellness”可知，这是一家提供心理健康的公司。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. wrsened变得更糟；B. cleared清理；C. tuched触摸；D. kept保持。根据前文“Bad feelings strmed faster and faster”可知，情况变得更糟。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，Veny有一个处理这些问题的计划。A. Unfrtunately不幸地；B. Frequently经常地；C. Luckily幸运地；D. Relatively相对地。根据后文“Veny had a plan fr dealing with these”可知，Veny有一个处理这些问题的计划，所以是幸运的。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在街中间停下来镇定一下，然后上了他的卡车。A. paused暂停，停顿；B. failed失败；C. vlunteered自愿；D. crashed撞击。根据后文“t cllect himself and then”可知，他停下来镇定一下。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. car汽车；B. truck卡车；C. shp商店；D. flat公寓。根据前文（文章首句中）“Mike Veny was walking t his truck ne afternn”可知，他上了卡车。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他思考着三个问题的答案：我的感觉是什么？ A. tests测试；B. principles原则；C. questins问题；D. wnders奇迹。根据前文“the answers t”及后文三个问句可知，他思考着问题的答案。故选C项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：愤怒，但也有失去工作的悲伤，担心我是否会有动力去健身房。A. cinema影院；B. cmpany公司；C. ffice办公室；D. gym健身房。根据后文“Next, he went t the gym.”可知，他想到去健身房。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：音乐很响，他在锻炼的时候变得很放松。A. wrked ut锻炼，健身；B. acted ut将……表演出来；C. cleared ut清理；D. cried ut呼喊。根据前文“Next, he went t the gym.”可知，他去健身房锻炼。故选A项。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当他回到家，他做瑜伽，他说，这有助于他释放他的负面情绪。A. interesting有趣的；B. psitive积极的；C. negative消极的；D. cnfusing令人困惑的。根据前文“The music was lud and he became relaxed”和“he did yga”可知，做瑜伽有助于释放负面情绪。故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天晚上躺在床上，Veny意识到他脸上带着笑容。A. determined决心；B. realized意识到，实现；C. ignred忽视；D. demanded要求。根据语境后文“he had a smile n his face”可知，Veny身心放松了，意识到自己脸上带着笑容。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他说：“我觉得我又能控制一切了，就像我夺回了力量。”A. effect影响；B. fashin时尚；C. shape形状；D. cntrl控制。根据后文“I had taken my pwer back”可知，Veny的情绪得到控制。故选D项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In a recently cnducted study, researchers have fund that the Chinese martial art f Tai Chi culd slw dwn the prgressin f Parkinsn’s (帕金) disease by years.
Tai Chi, with its slw, meditative (冥想的) and deliberate mvements, ____36____ (knw) t benefit physical and mental well-being. Dctrs frm the Shanghai Jia Tng University Schl f Medicine cnducted a five-year study n peple with Parkinsn’s disease ____37____ (explre) the effect. The researchers discvered that the cnditin prgressed ____38____ a slwer rate in thse wh practiced Tai Chi. They bserved fewer falls, and less dizziness and back pain in the Tai Chi practitiners. The researchers als nted that the cgnitive (认知) functin f the test ____39____ (participant) wh regularly practiced Tai Chi faded mre ____40____ (slw).
Parkinsn’s disease is a brain disrder ____41____ affects the nerves and muscles. It prgressively ____42____ (cause) unintended r uncntrllable mvements, such as shaking, stiffness, and difficulty with balance and crdinatin. Peple with Parkinsn’s may eventually have difficulties walking and talking. One f ____43____ mst famus peple with Parkinsn’s was the heavyweight bxing champin Muhammad Ali. The researchers suggested that ding Tai Chi culd keep symptms f Parkinsn’s at bay fr years. They said, “The lng-term ____44____ (benefit) effect f Tai Chi n Parkinsn’s culd prlng the time withut disability, ____45____ (lead) t a higher quality f life, a lwer burden fr caregivers and a reductin in drug use.”
【答案】36. is knwn 37. t explre 38. at 39. participants 40. slwly 41. that/which 42. causes 43. the 44. beneficial 45. leading
【语篇解读】本文为说明文。在最近进行的一项研究中，研究人员发现中国的太极拳可以减缓帕金森病的发展。
【36题详解】
考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：众所周知，太极拳以其缓慢、冥想和深思熟虑的动作有益于身心健康。Tai Chi为单数主语，与谓语动词knw之间为动宾关系且本句为客观事实，用一般现在时态，注意主谓一致。故填is knwn。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：上海交通大学医学院的医生对帕金森病患者进行了为期五年的研究，以探索其效果。此处表示目的，explre应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填t explre。
【38题详解】
考查固定结构。句意：研究人员发现，练习太极拳的人病情进展速度较慢。at a ... rate意为“以……的速度”。故填at。
【39题详解】
考查名词单复数。句意：研究人员还指出，经常练习太极拳的测试参与者的认知功能衰退得更慢。participant为可数名词，其前没有冠词所以用复数形式表示泛指。故用participants。
【40题详解】
考查副词。句意：研究人员还指出，经常练习太极拳的测试参与者的认知功能衰退得更慢。结合mre，副词比较级mre slwly修饰动词faded，作状语。故用slwly。
【41题详解】
考查定语从句关系词。句意：帕金森病是一种影响神经和肌肉的脑部疾病。本句为限制性定语从句，先行词为a brain disrder指物，且关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that/which引导定语从句。故用that/which。
【42题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：它逐渐导致意外或无法控制的运动，例如颤抖、僵硬以及平衡和协调困难。It指代 Parkinsn’s disease，为单数主语，与谓语动词cause之间为主谓关系且本句为一般现在时态，描述一般性事实，注意主谓一致。故用causes。
【43题详解】
考查定冠词。句意：最著名的帕金森病患者之一是重量级拳击冠军穆罕默德·阿里。形容词最高级mst famus前用定冠词the。故用the。
【44题详解】
考查形容词。句意：他们说：“太极拳对帕金森病的长期有益作用可以延长无残疾的时间，从而提高生活质量，减轻护理人员的负担并减少药物使用。”此处应用形容词beneficial修饰空后的名词effect，作定语。故用beneficial。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他们说：“太极拳对帕金森病的长期有益作用可以延长无残疾的时间，从而提高生活质量，减轻护理人员的负担并减少药物使用。”本句谓语为culd prlng，lead为非谓语动词，此处应用现在分词形式表示自然而然的结果，做结果状语。故用leading。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 你校刚刚举办了“是否该进行海洋探索”为主题的辩论赛。请向英语报校园生活栏目投稿，分享此次经历。内容包括：
1．辩论赛概况；
2．意义或收获。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80个左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
An Unfrgettable Debate
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【参考范文】
An Unfrgettable Debate
I tk part in a heated debate in the hall f ur library last week, which was themed n “Shuld we explre the sea r nt?”
We students have prepared fr the debate fr a whle week, surfing the Internet, srting ut materials, dividing tasks amng interested was excited t be present. I was fr the pinin n “We shuld explre the sea.” After stating ur psitin, giving hard evidence and cperating with each ther, we finally wn the fierce argument.
Thrugh the activity, I deepened my understanding f sea explratin and benefited a lt.
第二节 续写（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I can cunt a dzen friends, all in the 1950s, wh adpted a puppy. Actually, I did, t. Last year, I was suddenly cnsumed by the urgent desire t acquire a seven-week-ld Australian shepherd. Fr ne thing, this breed is ne f the mst energetic n the planet, whereas I am bkish, lazy, and middle-aged.
My truble with dgs is that I never have the remtest clue what they want, and they never seem t have the slightest idea f what I’m saying t them. He was highly alert, yet unable t grasp a single thing. Kevin’s entire cmmunicative gestures — whether he wanted fd, exercise, permissin t jump n the sfa, a ty, r, wh knws, a cnversatin abut the electric bill — cnsisted f walking up t me and staring. He did this abut 50 times a day, just staring brightly withut mving a muscle, and after years f living tgether, I still didn’t knw what he wanted. We cexisted in a state f prfund mutual (相互的) incmprehensin.
“Smetimes I think,” I wrte in my jurnal, “it desn’t matter that I dn’t knw what he wants, because we have nthing in cmmn. Whatever he wants will be smething I dn’t want. He prbably wants me t g utside and chase squirrels. I dn’t want t.”
But ne afternn, there was nly Kevin and I at hme. My husband was n business abrad fr several days and my sn was als abrad attending cllege. I enjyed my favrite bk leisurely while Kevin had a rest r stared at me as usual. It suddenly began t thunder alud and sn rained cats and dgs. I dashed ut f the frnt-dr t fetch the vegetables in my parking lt. The wind was s strng that the frnt-dr just slammed ludly, clsed, after I made my way ut. Wrse still, when I came back with the rescued vegetables, I fund the keys were nt with me. There was als n backup (备份) f the keys utside my huse.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150个左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
At last, I realized the nly ne wh culd help ut was Kevin.
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Eventually Kevin began t act.
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【参考范文】
At last, I realized the nly ne wh culd help ut was Kevin. I tk a deep breath and said t myself: “Just have a try. Maybe I can cunt n Kevin.” I called his name with all my strength and kncked at the dr at the same time. But the rain and the thunder were s nisy that Kevin, wh was in the sitting rm when I went ut, had n clue f my urgent need. I tried n and n. Frtunately, Kevin gt it and ran t the frnt-dr. I screamed t him t pen the dr and patted the utside switch t direct him. Maybe realizing my urgent situatin yet nt knwing what t d, he barked anxiusly inside.
Eventually Kevin began t act. He seemed t knw my truble and did as I instructed. “Kevin, straighten up, seize the switch and lwer yur bdy.” Kevin did raise but missed the switch. I patted the utside switch t shw him the target. Much t my surprise, he made it and pened the dr fr me. I hugged him with relief and gratitude. Maybe he really knew me, but I, shuld learn mre abut him.
听力答案：1．A 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．B 7．B 8．C 9．B 10．A 11．B 12．C 13．A 14．A 15．C 16．C 17．C 18．C 19．A 20．B